Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Macronutrient composition'
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Podlesak, David William. "Metabolic routing of macronutrients in migratory songbirds : effects of diet quality and macronutrient composition revealed using stable isotopes /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3160036.
Full textKagya-Agyemang, James Kwame. "Limits to sustained energy intake during lactation : effects of macronutrient composition." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources. Restricted, no access until Jan, 3, 2010. Online version available for University member only until Dec. 9, 2010, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=25326.
Full textMcCormick, Sara Elizabeth. "Influence of dietary saturated fat and diet composition on macronutrient selection." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0006/MQ45545.pdf.
Full textBennoson, Janet. "The effect of manipulating the macronutrient composition of meals postprandial lipid metabolism." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310698.
Full textGuignard, Maite Stephanie. "Ecological consequences of angiosperm genome size and macronutrient availability." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2017. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/24632.
Full textRegan, Paula J. "Influence of macronutrient preloads on appetite and metabolic parameters in liver and renal transplant recipients." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271521.
Full textNelson, Laura Ashley. "Dietary macronutrient composition and exogenous neuropeptide Y affect feed intake in brioler chicks." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/48899.
Full textMaster of Science
Trottier, Geneviève. "Macronutrient composition of maternal diet affects hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responsiveness in developing rat pups." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0002/MQ44302.pdf.
Full textTrottier, Geneviève. "Macronutrient composition of maternal diet affects hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responsiveness in developing rat pups." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20881.
Full textWang, Guoqing. "Effects of dietary macronutrient composition and exogenous neuropeptide Y on adipose tissue development in broiler chicks." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83514.
Full textPh. D.
Peairs, Abigail Desiree. "The Effects of Macronutrient Composition on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Overweight and Obese Humans." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29027.
Full textPh. D.
Sakita, Saori. "Development and Use of a Physiologically Based Mathematical Model Describing the Relationships and Contributions of Macronutrients to Weight and Body Composition Changes." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2552.
Full textMöller, Katharina [Verfasser]. "The role of formula diets with different macronutrient composition in the treatment of obesity / Katharina Möller." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB), 2016. http://d-nb.info/1122031351/34.
Full textThomas, Ashli Kreider Richard B. "Acute effects of caloric intake and macronutrient type on body weight, body composition, resting energy expenditure, and total metabolic rate." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/4210.
Full textMoatt, Joshua Philip. "Exploring the effects of dietary restriction and macronutrient composition on life-history traits in a non-model vertebrate system." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31076.
Full textHuberty, Andrea F. "Nutrient limitation and its consequences for performance and the homeostatic regulation of macronutrient composition in two phytophagous insects with divergent life-history strategies." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2184.
Full textThesis research directed by: Entomology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
Gryka, Anna. "Alterations in the macronutrient content of the diet and the effects on body composition, cardiovascular disease risk and the control of energy metabolism in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/703.
Full textRyan, Catherine Maxine. "Effect of algal cell density, dietary composition, growth phase and macronutrient concentration on growth and survival of giant scallop Placopecten magellanicus (Gmelin, 1791) larvae and spat in a commercial hatchery." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ54957.pdf.
Full textBelghit, Khadidja Ikram. "Effet de la composition en macronutriments de l’aliment sur les mécanismes de contrôle de l’autophagie chez la truite arc-enciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss)." Thesis, Pau, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PAUU3002/document.
Full textFew data has been published on the role of nutrients and their interactions in vivo in the regulation of autophagy. The main objective of this thesis was therefore to characterize the response of the autophagic/lysosomal pathway to the macronutrients composition of the diets. The first study showed that different ratio of proteins and carbohydrates in the diet significantly affect the controls of autophagy in the muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). These results were strengthened by study on primary culture of trout myoblasts showing that the addition of amino acids in cell culture medium inhibited the formation of autophagosomes, whereas the addition of glucose had an opposite effect (paper 1). A second study focused on the protein fraction of the diet and specifically on the content of methionine, whose the levels are low in fish feed plant-based diets. The obtained results showed that both autophagy machinery and the main factors of muscle protein turnover are significantly sensitive to change in dietary methionine levels and the resulting response may strongly affect growth and feed utilization (paper 2). The data obtained in these two first studies were based on measuring the level of autophagy marker (LC3-II), which is both produced and degraded during autophagic (flux) process. Thus, in view to clarify the results obtained in the two first studies, we conducted a third study to determine whether it is possible to block the autophagic flux in trout muscle by using different lysosomotropic agents (autophagic flux inhibitors). The objective was also to determine the limits of autophagic flux inhibitors utilisation in vivo. Different tests failed to measure autophagic flux in the muscle of rainbow trout. In contrast, intraperitoneal injection of colchicine blocked the autophagic flux in the liver. This study allowed us to investigate the function of autophagy in the intermediary metabolism. In conclusion, these studies show that autophagy is not only sensitive to the nutritional status (fasting/fed) but also to the nature of the consumed diets. In addition to their therapeutic and agricultural interests, these results open new perspectives to better understand the mechanisms of autophagy at metabolic and cellular level but also its role in the adaptation of species during evolution
Jackson, Kathryn Anne. "Measuring voluntary dietary change in response to exercise : a focus on dietary fat." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/52660/1/Kathryn_Jackson_Thesis.pdf.
Full textDominique, Manon. "Effets pharmacologiques d'une protéine bactérienne mimétique d'hormones satiétogènes : la protéine ClpB sur le comportement alimentaire." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR072/document.
Full textThe study of the gut microbiota and especially the effect of its secretory products is an expanding field of research in order to open therapeutic perspectives for nutritional diseases such as obesity or TCA. Among these molecules, the Caseinolytic peptidase B (ClpB) is a bacterial protein having a molecular mimicry in common with α-MSH, a neuropeptide whose anorectic actions are peripheral and central and possible via a microbiota-intestinal-brain communication. Current studies attempt to demonstrate whether this molecular mimicry can confer similar anorectic effects at the ClpB protein. The aim of this thesis was studied the potential pharmacological effects of ClpB protein the regulation of eating behavior. Given that the composition of the gut microbiota is dependent on the food present, the first study was evaluated in vitro the impact of three types of macronutrients on the production and expression of the ClpB protein by E. coli bacteria. Then, it was evaluated whether this protein could influence the secretion of satietogenic peptides like PYY by intestinal enteroendocrine cells using a primary culture of rat intestinal cells. Previous studies of U 1073 laboratory have shown that this protein has been found at the plasma level, the second study was performed in mice submitted to an anorexia model (ABA) to clarify the impact of dietary restriction on the ClpB protein, to better understand its possible involvement in the physiopathology of anorexia nervosa. Finally, the third study was evaluated the pharmacological effects of ClpB protein on food intake in vivo in rodents. The impact of the natural fragmentation of this protein and particularly of one of its fragments on food intake was also evaluated
Rodriguez-Sanchez, Nidia. "Hydration and fluid balance : studies on body composition, drink formulation and ageing." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/25390.
Full textOta, Karen Cristina Gimenis Gil. "Caracterização físico-química, biocompostos e minerais de Ananas ananassoides cultivados em diferentes condições de luminosidade." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153711.
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Os frutos do cerrado são atualmente estudados por apresentarem em sua composição substâncias com funções protetoras e preventivas de processos nocivos à saúde, além de fornecerem nutrientes essenciais ao adequado funcionamento do organismo. Dentre estes frutos está o Ananas ananassoides, planta da família Bromeliaceae, endêmica do Cerrado Brasileiro, popularmente conhecida como ananás, ananaí, ananás-de-raposa ou também abacaxizinho do cerrado. Seus frutos são resistentes à ação da natureza, além de pequenos e fibrosos. Apresentam elevado teor de açúcar, acidez e pequenas sementes. Estudos mostram que os frutos do cerrado apresentam boa capacidade antioxidante, porém investigações científicas que envolvem a caracterização físico-química, compostos bioativos, quantificação mineral e o efeito da incidência solar nos frutos de A. ananassoides não foram totalmente elucidados. Como a caracterização e uso deste fruto é pouco explorado o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os compostos bioativos (carotenoides, compostos fenólicos, vitamina C e capacidade antioxidante), bem como as características físico-químicas e minerais do fruto em condições de luminosidade e sombreamento.
The fruits of the cerrado are currently studied because they present substances in its composition with protective and preventive functions against harmful processes to health, besides they provide essential nutrients to the appropriate organism functioning. Among this fruits is the Ananas ananassoides, plant of Bromeliaceae family, endemic of the brazilian cerrado, popularly known as ananás, ananaí, ananás-de-raposa or also abacaxizinho-do-cerrado. Its fruits are little and fibrous besides being resistant to the action of nature, They present high sugar content, acidity and small seeds. Studies show that the fruits of the cerrado present good antioxidant capacity, however scientific investigations that involve the physical-chemical caracterization, bioactive compounds, mineral quantification and the effect of solar incidence in fruits of A. ananassoides were not totally elucidated. As the caracterization and use of this fruit is poorly explored, the objective of this study was to avaliate the bioactive compounds (carotenoids, phenolic compounds, vitamin C and antioxidant capacity), as well as the physical-chemical and mineral characteristics of the fruit in conditions of luminosity and darkness.
Meers, Suzanne A. "The effect of body composition on macronutrient selection in finishing pigs." 2003. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/meers%5Fsuzanne%5Fa%5F200312%5Fms.
Full textBlumfield, Michelle Louise. "Nutrition during pregnancy: an evaluation of maternal dietary intake and the development of foetal adiposity." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/940652.
Full textEarly life environmental factors, including maternal dietary intake and nutritional status during pregnancy, can program offspring health outcomes in later life. Given the rapid worldwide burden of non-communicable conditions (e.g. obesity, type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease), early prevention by optimising maternal, foetal and infant nutrition has been identified as a strategy that is likely to be beneficial and cost effective. The primary purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the dietary intakes of women during pregnancy, and to investigate the relationship between maternal intake and foetal body composition. Three research studies were undertaken to meet these aims. A systematic review of the available literature determined the energy, macronutrient and micronutrient intakes of pregnant women in developed countries, and appraised the nutritional adequacy of intakes compared to current recommendations. Meta-analyses provided evidence that the dietary intakes of pregnant women do not match with international recommendations. Energy and carbohydrate intakes were generally below recommendations, total fat and saturated fat intakes were generally above recommendations, while protein intakes were within the recommendations. Secondly, pregnant women reported suboptimal micronutrient intakes with folate, iron and vitamin D intakes consistently below nutrient recommendations in all geographical regions. A cross-sectional study evaluated the dietary intakes of Australian women of reproductive age by pregnancy status, in comparison to national food group recommendations. This determined whether their eating patterns achieved the recommended intakes of nutrients important for pregnancy. Data were obtained from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women‟s Health (ALSWH), young cohort aged 25 – 30 years in 2003 (n 9076). Pregnancy status was self-reported as pregnant (n 606), trying to conceive (n 454), given birth in the last 12 months (n 829) or other (n 5597). Diet was assessed using a validated 74-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Daily food group servings and nutrient intakes were compared to the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating (AGHE) and Australian Nutrient Reference Values (NRVs). The study found that the AGHE does not enable pregnant women to meet all the NRVs and further the contemporary eating pattern of Australian women that do achieve nutrient intake targets does not align with the AGHE recommendations for daily servings of food groups. Longitudinal data, collected prospectively as part of the Women and Their Children‟s Health (WATCH) study from a cohort of 179 pregnant women, was used to evaluate whether maternal macronutrient intakes are associated with foetal body composition and secondly, whether the macronutrient content of maternal diet is associated with the adequacy of micronutrient intakes, compared to Australian dietary recommendations. Linear mixed-model regression analyses and parametric response surfaces provided evidence that there may be a target maternal macronutrient profile associated with optimal foetal body composition. The development of foetal abdominal visceral area throughout gestation was positively associated with higher maternal protein intakes, decreased starch intakes and a higher protein to carbohydrate (P:C) ratio. Foetal midthigh lean area was positively associated with increased maternal PUFA intakes and decreased SFA intakes. Response surfaces for micronutrient intakes were optimized when the percentage energy was within intermediate protein (18-20%E), intermediate fat (28-30%E) and intermediate carbohydrate (50-54%E) intakes. Results suggest a moderate protein intake may support pregnant women to consume the largest variety of nutrients across all food groups. In conclusion, the study findings presented in this thesis provide evidence that dietary intakes during pregnancy commonly fail to achieve target NRVs and that current dietary selection models to guide the food consumption of pregnant women in Australia may require revision. Findings also suggest that foetal body composition and maternal micronutrient adequacy may be modifiable by nutritional interventions in the mother, with a particular emphasis on protein as a key driver of these relationships. These results are likely to have important implications for the offspring‟s risk of non-communicable disease, and key recommendations for future research to support optimal health outcomes are provided.
Rodrigues, Marisa Almeida. "The effects of macronutrient composition of the larval diet on life history traits and pigmentation in Drosophila virilis." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/12357.
Full textOne of the main contributions for an animal’s life success is an optimal nutrition. Macronutrients, such as proteins and carbohydrates, are essential for organism development, determining for example, the size of the body and or reproductive capacity. Different animals use macronutrients differently. To achieve the necessary requirements, generalist species use a wide range of substrates, whereas specialist species are specialised in one type of substrate. In general, animals balance their food intake to achieve nutritional optima, referred as intake target. Uncovering an animal’s intake target requires solving the problem of balancing multiple and changing nutrient needs in a variable nutritional environment. To address this we can study the nutritional geometry framework of an animal. Foraging decisions can then be described within this nutrient space, however these decisions may bring consequences for the animals’ development. In this thesis, we measured the influence of unbalanced larval diets on life history traits, such as survival, developmental time, body size, ovariole number and pupal case pigmentation. We also addressed this by analysing the consequences on foraging behaviour. We found that Drosophila virilis maximises life history traits at a high protein to carbohydrate ratio and pupal pigmentation changes by increasing the content of protein on larval diet. However, larvae do not regulate their intake to maximise any trait responses. Since intake target changes over developmental time and evolutionary time, we expected to see differences between generalists and specialists species. We used our previous data from Drosophila melanogaster, a generalist species, to compare with the results from this thesis. We saw differences, whereas D. virilis seem to be more tolerant to high proteins than D. melanogaster but less tolerant to high carbohydrates content. Depending on their feeding strategies, species will always differ in nutritional requirements and foraging strategies in unbalance nutritional environments.
A qualidade nutricional da comida é essencial ao desenvolvimento dos organismos. Sabemos que os macronutrientes, entre eles as proteínas e os hidratos de carbono, são importantes para formação e manutenção de tecidos ou fornece uma das principais fontes de energia aos processos metabólicos, respectivamente. A alimentação é o único meio pelo qual os organismos conseguem adquirir os nutrientes de que necessitam, sendo que as suas necessidades não são sempre as mesmas. Dependendo da espécie, cada nutriente é necessário em quantidades distintas, assim como a relação entre nutrientes é variável. Os animais regulam e tomam decisões relativamente à comida ingerida. Estratégias de comportamento relativas à alimentação foram desenvolvidas consoante as necessidades de cada espécie. Dois grupos podem ser definidos, relativamente a estas estratégias: espécies generalistas, que são espécies que usam uma gama variada de substratos para satisfazer as suas necessidades nutricionais; e espécies especialistas que satisfazem as suas necessidades nutricionais utilizando um número muito restrito de substratos. Os substratos sofrem alterações nutricionais ao longo do tempo. Embora o ambiente seja responsável por parte dessas alterações, microrganismos desempenham um papel fundamental e, por isso, nem sempre existe um substrato com a composição nutricional ideal que se mantenha por muito tempo. Devido ao carácter nutricional instável de cada substrato, os animais ponderam quais as escolhas possíveis de forma a atingir os valores nutricionais ótimos para o seu desenvolvimento, que se define como alvo nutricional. O alvo nutricional pode ser encontrado usando o método desenvolvido por Steve J. Simpson e David Raubenheimer em 1990, o modelo de geometria nutricional. Este método permite criar um espaço nutricional com base num gradiente de concentrações de dois nutrientes e avaliar as decisões dos animais nesse espaço. Este método permite-nos descrever como os animais se comportam em três cenários diferentes. Primeiro, têm à sua disposição uma dieta equilibrada, e comem até atingirem os níveis nutricionais ótimos. Segundo, podem ter à disposição duas dietas, ambas desequilibradas, o que resulta numa ingestão alternada de ambas as dietas para que se possa atingir os níveis nutricionais ideias. Terceiro, apenas está disponível uma única dieta, que é desequilibrada. Neste caso, existem duas decisões possíveis para que os animais atingirem os níveis ótimos. Uma alternativa é que um dos nutrientes se revela mais importante, e a quantidade ingerida é regulada de forma e atingir os níveis ótimos apenas para essa nutriente, ingerindo o segundo em excesso ou em défice. A outra alternativa é a ingestão de níveis intermédios para ambos os nutrientes. Para descobrir o alvo nutricional é necessário explorar como é que os animais tomam estas decisões, como é que preenchem as suas necessidades nutricionais num ambiente nutricionalmente variável. Este método já deu provas do seu potencial, desde de mamíferos, como humanos e ratos, a invertebrados, como gafanhotos, escaravelhos, aranhas e moscas, onde foi verificado que todos estes animais regulam a ingestão de nutrientes (Simpson and Raubenheimer, 2005; Mayntx et al., 2005). O mesmo alvo nutricional pode não ser mantido ao longo da vida do animal, sofrendo mudanças dependendo da espécie. No entanto, também se altera consoante o estado fisiológico e estadio do ciclo de vida. Por exemplo, quando a mosca da fruta, Ceratitis capitata está perto da metamorfose, o seu alvo nutricional deixa de ser maioritariamente proteico e passa a conter alto teor de hidratos de carbono, que irão providenciar energia para a fase que precede a metamorfose (Zucoloto, 1987). O alvo nutricional também se altera quando as fêmeas de Drosophila melanogaster acasalam (Ribeiro and Dickson, 2010). Após acasalarem, a produção de ovos é estimulada e as fêmeas passam a consumir uma dieta mais rica em proteínas do que as que ainda são virgens. O consumo de dietas proteínas em gafanhotos é alterado para um menor consumo de proteína quando deixa de haver crescimento de tecidos (Raubenheimer and Simpson 1999). As espécies generalistas e as especialistas podem ter o mesmo alvo nutricional mas desenvolveram diferentes estratégias para o atingir. As suas necessidades nutricionais podem ser diferentes, como é o caso da Schistocerca gergaria, uma espécie generalistas, que mostra maior tolerância a elevados níveis de proteína do que a espécie especialista, Locusta migratoria (Raubenheimer and Simpson, 2003). A mesma situação foi encontrada em espécies de Lepidoptera generalistas e especialistas (Lee et al., 2002 and 2003). Nesta tese, decidimos primeiro avaliar com este método como as características que têm um papel na fitness dos animais é afetada pelos macronutrientes, proteínas e hidratos de carbono, na espécie especialista, Drosophila virilis. Esta espécie tem como principal fonte de alimento a seiva das árvores. Por fim, comparamos a resposta de uma espécie generalista (D. melanogaster), descrita anteriormente e da espécie especialista (D. virilis) descrita nesta tese. As características avaliadas são conhecidas por serem influenciadas por diferentes ambientes nutricionais. O tempo de desenvolvimento da fase larval é afectado pela nutrição, tal como a sobrevivência. Também estudámos a influência de dietas desequilibradas no tamanho do corpo de adulto, pesando as pupas antes do adulto emergir. Observámos que quanto mais pobre em proteína é a dieta mais pequenos são os indivíduos. O número de filamentos que constituem os ovários, chamados de ovaríolos, está diretamente relacionado com o número de ovos que uma fêmea irá pôr, ao longo da vida, e varia com a qualidade da dieta. Sendo Drosophila um organismo holometábolo, ou seja, sofre uma total metamorfose antes da fase adulta. Uma vez que é nesta fase que todos os tecidos e órgão se preparam para dar origem às estruturas e órgãos do adulto, todas as características descritas neste estudo são analisadas na fase larval. Depois da metamorfose os indivíduos param o seu crescimento, ou seja o tamanho do adulto é definido na fase de larva. Também o número de ovaríolos é determinado na fase de larva. Para conseguirmos desvendar a influência dos macronutrientes, fornecemos aos indivíduos, várias dietas que diferiam entre si pelo rácio entre proteínas e hidratos de carbono (rácio P:C) e também no seu teor calórico. Com o nosso espaço nutricional definido, analisámos quando indivíduos formaram pupa, quando tempo demoraram até formarem pupa, qual o seu peso antes do adulto emergir e o no caso das fêmeas quantos ovaríolos têm em ambos os ovários. Os nossos resultados mostraram que é nas dietas com um rácio entre proteínas e hidratos de carbono elevado que os indivíduos maximizaram a sua sobrevivência, tamanho do corpo e número de ovaríolos, e minimizam o tempo de desenvolvimento. Enquanto que no caso de D. melanogaster, as diferentes características foram maximizadas por diferentes dietas. Decidimos em seguida analisar o como as larvas de D. virilis reagem quando confrontadas com um ambiente de duas dietas desequilibradas. Que decisões irão tomar? Esta parte do processo baseou-se em analisarmos o comportamentos tanto das larvas como das fêmeas adultas. No caso das larvas, analisámos as decisões que estes indivíduos tomaram para satisfazerem os seus requisitos nutricionais. O nosso procedimento passou por usar larvas no terceiro estádio larvar e dar-lhes duas opções de dietas. Verificámos que, de facto, as larvas regulam a quantidade de ambas as dietas ingeridas de modo a alcançar valores específicos de proteína e hidratos de carbono, no entanto estes não correspondem aos valores que optimizam as características acima referidas. Quando comparado com os dados de D. Melanogaster, as larvas regularam a ingestão dos nutrientes de forma a minimizar o tempo de desenvolvimento. Relativamente ás fêmeas adultas, analisámos tanto o seu comportamento de alimentação, como na escolha de local para oviposição. Quando as fêmeas chegaram ao pico de fertilidade, fornecíamos a machos e fêmeas três dietas nutricionalmente desequilibradas. Fizemos contagem de quantas fêmeas comeram de cada dieta e do número de ovos postos em cada dieta. Os nosso resultados mostraram que as fêmeas não fizeram nenhuma escolha sobre qual das dietas ingerir. Adicionalmente, não encontramos nenhuma escolha de preferência para pôr os ovos. O oposto tinha sido visto em D. melanogaster, onde as fêmeas fizeram escolhas sob qual a dieta a ingerir, elevado teor de proteína, e em qual colocar os ovos, elevado teor de hidratos de carbono. Durante o protocolo do modelo de geometria nutricional, deparamo-nos com diferenças na pigmentação dos casulos de pupa. Fizemos, então, novamente este protocolo, de forma a quantificar as diferenças de pigmentação de acordo com as diferentes dietas. As larvas desenvolveram-se nas mesmas dietas usadas anteriormente, e após o adulto emergir as pupas vazia eram retiradas e fotografadas. Utilizando Mathematica, calculámos um valor RGB da coloração de cada pupa. Os nossos resultados mostram um gradiente de pigmentação que varia com a quantidade de proteína na dieta. Quanto mais proteína, mais escuras são as pupas. Podemos assim concluir que os macronutrientes, de facto, influenciam tanto o desenvolvimento dos animais como o seu comportamento. Também podemos observar que os macronutrientes afetam de forma variada cada espécie.
"Relationship between Resting Energy Expenditure and Sleep Parameters on Gestational Weight Gain and the Mediation Effect of Macronutrient Composition." Doctoral diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53603.
Full textDissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Nutrition 2019
Tay, Jiahui, and Jeannie Tay. "Lifestyle intervention strategies for diabetes management." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/113508.
Full textThesis (Ph.D.) (Research by Publication) -- University of Adelaide, School of Medicine, 2016.
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