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Journal articles on the topic 'Macro-comparison'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 22 February 2025

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1

Nix, Wilfred A., and Andreas Scherer. "Single fiber macro versus concentric trigger macro EMG: A comparison of methods." Muscle & Nerve 15, no. 2 (February 1992): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mus.880150211.

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2

Mjøset, Lars. "Stein Rokkan’s Methodology of Macro-Historical Comparison." Comparative Sociology 14, no. 4 (October 13, 2015): 508–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691330-12341356.

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Stein Rokkan (1921–1979) left behind him an unfinished, ambitious macro-historical research project aiming to explain mobilization sequences, democratic resilience, and party systems in 16 Western European countries. This article explicates the comparative methodology behind this project with reference to a philosophy of social science framework. The main features of the methodology are a series of intermediate, substantive, methodological elements in between formal theory (paradigms) and empirical observations. Each element is presented in detail: lists of variables, regional grid, typological-topological maps, and comparative case reconstructions. Problems due to under-specification of variables and ambiguities in Rokkan’s ideas about parsimonious systematizations are discussed, and two possible ways of revising the methodology are sketched. Among these, the contextualist option seems the most promising one.

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3

Kim, Kwang-Dae, Youn Kyoung Cho, Sang Wook Han, Eun Ji Park, Dae Han Kim, Myung-Geun Jeong, Young Dok Kim, Jongwoo Moon, Eunmi Hong, and Dong Chan Lim. "Porous Silica Particles as Oil Absorbents: Comparison of Meso-, Macro-, and Meso/Macro-Structures." Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society 36, no. 7 (June 24, 2015): 1751–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bkcs.10330.

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4

Gerke, R., M. Jonsson, M. Kliem, M. Kolasa, P. Lafourcade, A. Locarno, K. Makarski, and P. McAdam. "Assessing macro-financial linkages: A model comparison exercise." Economic Modelling 31 (March 2013): 253–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2012.10.019.

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5

Zarikoff, Brad, and David Malone. "A Comparison of RF Exposure in Macro- and Femtocells." Health Physics 105, no. 1 (July 2013): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/hp.0b013e31828a9045.

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6

Schwartz, Ilana, Alex P. Jonke, Mira Josowicz, and Jiří Janata. "Polyaniline-Supported Atomic Gold Electrodes: Comparison with Macro Electrodes." Catalysis Letters 142, no. 11 (September 11, 2012): 1344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10562-012-0895-0.

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7

Kürzel, Karlotta, Saskia Brix, Angelika Brandt, Nils Brenke, Peter Enderlein, Huw J. Griffiths, Stefanie Kaiser, et al. "Pan-Atlantic Comparison of Deep-Sea Macro- and Megabenthos." Diversity 15, no. 7 (June 28, 2023): 814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15070814.

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Deep-sea benthic fauna is vital for a well-functioning marine ecosystem but is increasingly under threat from a changing environment. To monitor and conserve this fauna, an understanding of their large-scale spatial and bathymetric distribution and their environmental drivers is necessary. In this study, we conduct a multivariate analysis on abundance benthic fauna data collected at the phylum and multitaxon levels using an epibenthic sledge (EBS) across the Atlantic, and identify the environmental factors that affect such data. Our findings show a decrease in abundance with depth in most of the Atlantic but find relatively heterogeneous abundances with depth within the Southern Ocean. Principal component analyses indicate differences in environmental conditions south of the Antarctic Polar Front (~52° S), outlining contrasts in the quantities of macronutrients and physical factors. Despite this, community composition seemed markedly similar throughout the Atlantic with the Antarctic Circumpolar Current seemingly not affecting benthic community composition for higher taxonomic levels. Those differences that did occur were largely caused by benthic chlorophyll, benthic iron, and surface silicate through a Bio-ENV. Overall, we argue that further large-scale spatial and bathymetric distribution studies are important amid environmental changes that are driving shifts in benthic community abundance and composition.

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Veprikova, E. B., and V. V. Kubichek. "Specific features of social and economic development of the Far-Eastern macro-region." POWER AND ADMINISTRATION IN THE EAST OF RUSSIA 96, no. 3 (2021): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1818-4049-2021-96-3-31-44.

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The authors proposed the approach for assessing the state and development potential of the macro-region. The specificity of the Far-Eastern macro-region is revealed in comparison with the other macro-regions of Russia. The assessment includes the natural and resource potential of the macro-region, the availability of infrastructure, the habitability of the territory as well as the indicators of economic and social development. Competitive advantages and limitations in the development of the Far East are presented. Proposals on the directions of implementation of the public policy of spatial development of the Far-Eastern macro-region, including the social and economic potential and the limiting factors, are formulated.

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9

Akdeniz, Fikri, and Hans Joachim Werner. "A Comparison of Alternative Estimators of Linearly Aggregated Macro Models." Pakistan Journal of Statistics and Operation Research 8, no. 3 (July 1, 2012): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.18187/pjsor.v8i3.527.

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10

Gundermann, T., S. Günther, D. Borin, and S. Odenbach. "A comparison between micro- and macro-structure of magnetoactive composites." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 412 (February 15, 2013): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/412/1/012027.

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11

Choudhury, A. K. Roy, B. Chatterjee, S. Saha, and K. Shaw. "Comparison of performances of macro, micro and nano silicone softeners." Journal of the Textile Institute 103, no. 9 (September 2012): 1012–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2012.654666.

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12

Shao, Dan, Guangmin Liang, and Shaoqiang Wang. "Comparison of Micro- and Macro-Characteristics of Vehicular Mobility Models." International Journal of u- and e-Service, Science and Technology 8, no. 6 (June 30, 2015): 211–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijunesst.2015.8.6.20.

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13

Inouye, Laura S., and Guiherme R. Lotufo. "Comparison of macro-gravimetric and micro-colorimetric lipid determination methods." Talanta 70, no. 3 (October 15, 2006): 584–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2006.01.024.

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14

Sarkar, Tanusree, Deeparati Basu, Nandini Mukherjee, and Jayoti Das. "Comparison of Glucose Sensitivity of Nano and Macro Porous Silicon." Materials Today: Proceedings 5, no. 3 (2018): 9798–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2017.10.169.

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15

Engelfriet, Joost, and Sebastian Maneth. "A comparison of pebble tree transducers with macro tree transducers." Acta Informatica 39, no. 9 (August 1, 2003): 613–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00236-003-0120-0.

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16

Tisinger, Louis G., and André J. Sommer. "Extinction Coefficient Determination of Polymeric Materials and Their Use in the Optical Characterization of Infrared Microscopes: A Preliminary Investigation into Quantitative Infrared Microspectroscopy." Applied Spectroscopy 56, no. 11 (November 2002): 1397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/00037020260377689.

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A comparison of infrared spectra collected in both a macro sample configuration and on a microscope accessory was conducted. The results of this comparison demonstrated that as the microscope aperture was reduced, absorbance values increased for a given polymer film by as much as 33% as compared to the same data collected in the corresponding macro experiment. A detailed evaluation of the optical pathlength for both the micro and macro configurations was conducted. Results of this evaluation and that of detector non-linearity showed that the latter effect was most problematic. During the course of the investigation the average angle of light traversing through the objective was determined for several infrared microscopes. Further analysis indicated that changing the aperture size of the microscope can have significant influence on the absorbance values obtained. In addition, extinction coefficients of poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, poly(vinyl acetate), polycarbonate, and poly(ethylene terephthalate) were determined using macro FT-IR spectroscopy.

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17

Suchowilska, E., M. Wiwart, W. Kandler, and R. Krska. " A comparison of macro- and microelement concentrations in the whole grain of four Triticum species." Plant, Soil and Environment 58, No. 3 (March 29, 2012): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/688/2011-pse.

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The aim of this study was to compare the concentrations of five macro- and fifteen microelements in the whole grain of spring lines of emmer, einkorn, spelt and two common wheat cultivars, all grown under identical environmental conditions. All elements were determined by ICP-SFMS analysis. The studied Triticum species differed significantly with respect to the concentrations of P, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, Na, Cu, Sr, Rb, and Mo. The grain of all hulled wheats, compared with common wheat, contained significantly more Zn (from 34% to 54%), Fe (from 31% to 33%) and Cu (from 3% to 28%). In the majority of cases, there were no relationships between the concentrations of the analyzed elements, except for significant positive correlations between the levels of Fe, Zn and Mn, in particular in T. monococcum and T. dicoccum. The classical linear discriminant analysis enabled to distinguish between the three studied Triticum species with regard to the concentrations of all analyzed elements in their grain. A significant discrimination indicates that the concentrations of the investigated elements are a species-specific character. A strong correlation between Zn, Fe and Mn could have important implications for wheat quality breeding.  

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18

Klein, Viviane, and Malgorzata Peszynska. "Adaptive Double-Diffusion Model and Comparison to a Highly Heterogeneous Micro-Model." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2012 (2012): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/938727.

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Double-diffusion model is used to simulate slightly compressible fluid flow in periodic porous media as a macro-model in place of the original highly heterogeneous micro-model. In this paper, we formulate an adaptive two-grid numerical finite element discretization of the double-diffusion system and perform a comparison between the micro- and macro-model. Our numerical results show that the micro-model solutions appear to converge to the macro-model linearly with the parameterεof periodic geometry. For the two-grid discretization, the a priori and a posteriori error estimates are proved, and we show how to adapt the grid for each component independently.

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19

Hammarström, Harald, and Mark Donohue. "Some Principles on the Use of Macro-Areas in Typological Comparison." Language Dynamics and Change 4, no. 1 (2014): 167–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22105832-00401001.

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While the notion of the ‘area’ or ‘Sprachbund’ has a long history in linguistics, with geographically-defined regions frequently cited as a useful means to explain typological distributions, the problem of delimiting areas has not been well addressed. Lists of general-purpose, largely independent ‘macro-areas’ (typically continent size) have been proposed as a step to rule out contact as an explanation for various large-scale linguistic phenomena. This squib points out some problems in some of the currently widely-used predetermined areas, those found in the World Atlas of Language Structures (Haspelmath et al., 2005). Instead, we propose a principled division of the world’s landmasses into six macro-areas that arguably have better geographical independence properties.

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20

Jingjing, Lin, Huang Xuemei, and Lin Zongping. "Perceptions of Distributive Justice of People in Contemporary China: an Empirical Study." Tobacco Regulatory Science 7, no. 6 (November 3, 2021): 6009–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.80.

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Objectives: This paper aims to explore the impact of media use, subjective class status, local comparison and demographic variables on Chinese people's perception of distributive justice through quantitative analysis. Based on the existing literature, distributive justice is divided into macro distributive justice and micro distributive justice, of which the micro distributive justice includes two dimensions of outcome justice and opportunity justice. The paper analyzes 2015 Chinese General Social Survey data (CGSS2015) and get some results. First, in terms of Chinese people's macro-distributive justice perception, the use of Internet media has a negative impact on macro-distributive justice perception, subjective class status and local comparison have a positive impact, and gender, degree of education and birth generation in demographic variables also have significant impacts; Second, in terms of perceived outcome justice, subjective class status and local comparison have significant positive impacts on perceived outcome justice, gender has a significant positive impact on perceived outcome justice, and degree of education and birth age have negative impacts on perceived outcome justice; Third, for perceived justice of opportunity, Internet media use and degree of education have significant negative effects, while subjective class status, local comparison, birth generation and other variables have positive effects.

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21

Horner-Devine, M. Claire, Jessica M. Silver, Mathew A. Leibold, Brendan J. M. Bohannan, Robert K. Colwell, Jed A. Fuhrman, Jessica L. Green, et al. "A COMPARISON OF TAXON CO-OCCURRENCE PATTERNS FOR MACRO- AND MICROORGANISMS." Ecology 88, no. 6 (June 2007): 1345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/06-0286.

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22

Fontenot, K., and F. J. Schork. "Simulation of Mini/Macro Emulsion Polymerization II. Sensitivities and Experimental Comparison." Polymer Reaction Engineering 1, no. 2 (February 1993): 289–342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10543414.1992.10744432.

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23

Baldissera, Alberto, and Federica Cornali. "Geography of human capital in Italy: a comparison between macro-regions." Modern Italy 25, no. 3 (May 22, 2020): 261–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mit.2020.25.

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Interest in the spread of human capital has grown in recent decades, as it is acknowledged to play an increasingly important role in supporting social and economic development. This paper, starting from the distinction between education – assessed by educational attainment – and literacy proficiency – that is, what people are actually able to do with the written word – examines the distribution of these properties in Italy. Results of analysis show that while the longstanding gap between the North and the South is gradually closing with regard to the distribution of educational credentials, there is still a significant difference in the acquired level of competence. There is also an unexpected result: the regions of the North-West, once the main driver of Italy's economic development, today deploy a smaller stock of human capital than the North-East and Central macro-regions. In light of these findings, improving the education system's effectiveness and creating adequate political, institutional and legal arrangements that favour the development of human capital appear to be an absolute priority for Italy.

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24

El-Genk, Mohamed S., and James R. Luke. "Performance comparison of thermionic converters with smooth and macro-grooved electrodes." Energy Conversion and Management 40, no. 3 (February 1999): 319–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-8904(98)00049-1.

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25

Dixon, Adam D. "Function before form: macro-institutional comparison and the geography of finance." Journal of Economic Geography 12, no. 3 (January 19, 2012): 579–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbr043.

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26

Beeby, S. P., M. J. Tudor, R. N. Torah, S. Roberts, T. O’Donnell, and S. Roy. "Experimental comparison of macro and micro scale electromagnetic vibration powered generators." Microsystem Technologies 13, no. 11-12 (January 16, 2007): 1647–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00542-006-0374-x.

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27

Zahiruddin, Mohd, and Masanori Kunieda. "Comparison of energy and removal efficiencies between micro and macro EDM." CIRP Annals 61, no. 1 (2012): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2012.03.006.

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28

Nakajima, Masashi, Andrew Eisen, and Heather Stewart. "Comparison of corticomotoneuronal EPSPs and macro-MUPs in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis." Muscle & Nerve 21, no. 1 (January 1998): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4598(199801)21:1<18::aid-mus3>3.0.co;2-j.

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29

Fratila, Domnita. "Macro-level environmental comparison of near-dry machining and flood machining." Journal of Cleaner Production 18, no. 10-11 (July 2010): 1031–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2010.01.017.

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30

Dahal, Madhu Sudan, Jagan Nath Shrestha, and Shree Raj Shakya. "Comparison of Energy Efficiency Between Macro and Micro Base Stations Using Energy Saving Strategy." Journal of the Institute of Engineering 15, no. 3 (October 13, 2020): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v15i3.32021.

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To meet the subscribers ever increasing traffic demand, micro and macro base stations are being deployed excessively. As the traffic pattern varies according to the user's behavior, the deployment of micro and macro base stations plays a vital role in saving energy while maintaining the traffic demand of the subscribers. A macro base station consumes more than double the energy than a micro base station. Due to the space and time characteristics of the traffic, the BS cannot allocate resources effectively, which results in wasting energy consumption and low energy efficiency. Therefore, energy saving through deployment of base stations play a significant role to increase the energy efficiency. In this paper, the user traffic pattern is determined and the resources needed to fulfill the traffic are analyzed and finally the deployment strategies for the base stations are formulated. Since the base stations are fully loaded only for few hours a day, energy saving on the stations during low traffic will be significant. The energy saving schemes saved up to 18.8 % of energy in macro and 26.9 % of energy in micro BS. So, it would be more efficient to implement a heterogeneous network with more micro cells with energy saving schemes than just macro base stations.

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31

Benedetti, Ivano, and M. H. Aliabadi. "A Multiscale Approach to Polycrystalline Materials Damage and Failure." Key Engineering Materials 627 (September 2014): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.627.33.

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A two-scale three-dimensional approach for degradation and failure in polycrystalline materials is presented. The method involves the component level and the grain scale. The damage-induced softening at the macroscale is modelled employing an initial stress boundary element approach. The microscopic degradation is explicitly modelled associating Representative Volume Elements (RVEs) to relevant points of the macro continuum and employing a cohesive-frictional 3D grain-boundary formulation to simulate intergranular degradation and failure in the Voronoi morphology. Macro-strains are downscaled as RVEs' periodic boundary conditions, while overall macro-stresses are obtained upscaling the micro-stress field via volume averages. The comparison between effective macro-stresses for the damaged and undamaged RVEs allows to define a macroscopic measure of local material degradation. Some attention is devoted to avoiding pathological damage localization at the macro-scale. The multiscale processing algorithm is described and some preliminary results are illustrated.

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32

Sutrisno, Hari. "RAPID ASSESSMENT ON MACRO-MOTH FAUNA AT NUSA BARONG NATURE RESERVE: A LOW DIVERSITY." Berkala Penelitian Hayati 12, no. 2 (June 30, 2007): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.23869/bphjbr.12.2.20074.

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Rapid assessment on moth faunas with focus on macro-moths was conducted at Nusa Barong Nature Reserve. The aims of the study were to acquire information of macro-moth diversity and to access the composition of the species at this area by comparing data from Meru Betiri National Park, Sebangau National Park and Busang forest. The results showed that the number of species at Nusa Barong, Meru Betiri, Sebangau and Busang were 47, 75, 97 and 297, respectively. The diversity of macro-moth fauna based on William’s α index at Nusa Barong was the lowest as compared to Meru Betiri National Park, Sebangau National Park and Busang forest, which were 34.58, 65.01, 50.91 and 102.08, respectively. The results also show that the similarity based on Jaccard’s index of the binary comparison varies from 0.029 to 0.089. The highest value was the comparison between Nusa Barong and Meru Betiri while the lowest was the comparison between Nusa Barong and Sebangau. In addition, Pyralidae, Geometridae and Noctuidae were dominant across all sites. At Nusa Barong, only 10 species that have been known their host plants; three of them caused damage to some crops, namely, Conogethes punctiferalis, Cydalima laticostalis and Achaea janata. There might be more species that have not been found during this study as indicated by the species numbers across all sites have not reach a plateau. This study clearly showed us that floral diversity and size of area determined the diversity of macro-moths at Nusa Barong Nature Reserve.

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33

Allurkar, Soumya, Ali Saleh Alqahtani, Vinod Sargaiyan, Debapriya Kundu, Shagun Malik, and Satya Prakash Gupta. "Implant macro-design and residual bone height on implant stability in sinus floor elevation." Bioinformation 21, no. 1 (January 31, 2025): 40–43. https://doi.org/10.6026/973206300210040.

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The role of residual bone height (RBH) and implant macro-design on implant stability during implant placement in sinus floor evaluation (SFE) is of interest. There were a total 160 fresh bovine rib specimens resembling type-IV density which were divided into 4 categories on the basis of residual bone height prepared i.e. 3mm, 6mm, 9 mm and 15 mm. Implant stability quotient (ISQ) values in each of the four implant macro-design evaluated were found to increase as the height of residual bone increased. It was observed that at residual bone height (6mm, 9mm), ISQ values were maximum for tapered effect design in comparison to other macro-design (p< 0.01). It was concluded that the implant stability is affected by residual bone height and implant macro-design in maxillary sinus floor elevation technique.

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34

Gildea, Spike, and Doris Payne. "Is Greenberg's "Macro-Carib" viable?" Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas 2, no. 2 (August 2007): 19–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1981-81222007000200003.

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In his landmark work Language in the Americas, Greenberg (1987) proposed that Macro-Carib was one of the major low-level stocks of South America, which together with Macro-Panoan and Macro-Ge-Bororo were claimed to comprise the putative Ge-Pano-Carib Phylum. His Macro-Carib includes the isolates Andoke and Kukura, and the Witotoan, Peba-Yaguan, and Cariban families. Greenberg's primary evidence came from person-marking paradigms in individual languages, plus scattered words from individual languages collected into 79 Macro-Carib 'etymologies' and another 64 Amerind 'etymologies'. The goal of this paper is to re-evaluate Greenberg's Macro-Carib claim in the light of the much more extensive and reliable language data that has become available largely since 1987. Based on full person-marking paradigms for Proto-Cariban, Yagua, Bora and Andoke, we conclude that Greenberg's morphological claims are unfounded. For our lexical comparison, we created lexical lists for Proto-Cariban, Proto-Witotoan, Yagua and Andoke, for both Greenberg's 143 putative etymologies and for the Swadesh 100 list. From both lists, a total of 23 potential cognates were found, but no consonantal correspondences were repeated even once. We conclude that our greatly expanded and improved database does not provide sufficient evidence to convince the skeptic that the Macro-Carib hypothesis is viable

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35

Epifanov, R. U., N. A. Nikitin, A. A. Rabtsun, L. N. Kurdyukov, A. A. Karpenko, and R. I. Mullyadzhanov. "Adjusting U-Net for the aortic abdominal aneurysm CT segmentation case." Computer Optics 48, no. 3 (June 2024): 418–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2412-6179-co-1338.

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In this paper, we address the issue of developing of a convolutional neural network for the problem of aneurysm segmentation into three classes and of exploring ways for improving the quality of final segmentation masks. As a result of our study, macro dice score for classes of interest reaches 83.12% ± 4.27%. We explored different augmentation styles and showed the importance of applying intensity augmentation style to improve segmentation algorithm robustness in conditions of clinical data diversity. Augmentation with spatial and insensitive styles increase macro dice score up to 3%. The comparison of various inference mode indicate that combination of overlapping inference and segmentation window enlargement ameliorate macro dice up to 1.4%. Overall improvement of the quality of segmentation masks by macro dice score amounted up to 6% using combination of data-based augmentation style and advanced inference technique.

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36

Dudareva, I. V., A. S. Lastovka, and A. I. Kushnirov. "THE COMPARISON OF THE MACRO- AND SONOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE OF ADENOLYMPHOMA. RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS." Health and Ecology Issues, no. 1 (March 28, 2016): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2016-13-1-7.

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The article presents the data of 22 patients with adenolymphoma of the salivary glands having undergone treatment in the Maxillo-Facial Surgery Ward No.1 at the age 36-72. In the preoperative period, all the patients were performed ultrasound, X-ray computer and / or magnetic resonance imaging of the salivary glands. We singled out groups of patients depending on the types of the macroscopic structure of the tumor and described basic and advanced features of ultrasound diagnosis of each variant of adenolymphomas. The received results will make it possible to predict the development of adenolymphoma of salivary glands during the preoperative period.

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37

Aoike, Taku, Hiroki Uehara, Takeshi Yamanobe, and Tadashi Komoto. "Comparison of Macro- and Nanotribological Behavior with Surface Plastic Deformation of Polystyrene." Langmuir 17, no. 7 (April 2001): 2153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la001326o.

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38

Helander, Jakob, Doruk Tayli, and Daniel Sjoberg. "A Comparison of Macro Basis Function Methods for Interconnected Endfire Antenna Arrays." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 16 (2017): 2159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2017.2700893.

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39

Wayne, Julianne. "A Comparison of Beliefs About Student Supervision Between Micro and Macro Practitioners." Clinical Supervisor 6, no. 3-4 (January 10, 1989): 271–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j001v06n03_20.

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40

Guo, Yanyong, Ahmed Osama, and Tarek Sayed. "A cross-comparison of different techniques for modeling macro-level cyclist crashes." Accident Analysis & Prevention 113 (April 2018): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2018.01.015.

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41

Kelton, Christina M. L., and W. David Kelton. "A comparison of micro versus macro point estimators for markov-process models." Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation 38, no. 1-4 (May 1991): 201–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00949659108811329.

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42

Wang, Mingyi, Tianrun Kang, Kai Kang, Chengming Zhang, and Liyi Li. "Motion Control of Macro–Micro Linear Platform Based on Adaptive Fuzzy Active Disturbance Rejection Control." Symmetry 16, no. 6 (June 7, 2024): 707. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym16060707.

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To ensure precise positioning of the macro–micro platform with a symmetrical structure, it is crucial to mitigate the impact of various perturbations, including disturbances, as well as complex factors such as external loads, electrical noise, and model parameter variations. This paper proposes a novel macro–micro master–slave control structure that incorporates adaptive fuzzy linear active disturbance rejection control (AFLADRC). The Kp and Kd parameters of the linear state error feedback (LSEF) are dynamically tuned and adjusted using fuzzy reasoning. This approach enhances the robustness of the system and simplifies the tuning process. In addition, this paper also analyzes the symmetry of the coupling effect between macro and micro, as the coupling will affect the motor force and the reaction potential of the motor. The macro–micro platform adopts a symmetric design; the macro stage is driven by a permanent magnet synchronous linear motor (PMLSM), and the micro stage is driven by a voice coil motor. Finally, we built the macro–micro linear motion experimental platform to verify the control effect of the proposed method by conducting trajectory tracking experiments and comparison experiments.

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Nežerenko, Olga, and Ott Koppel. "The Baltic Sea Macro-Regional Transport Cluster as an Element of the Silk Road Economic Belt." Croatian International Relations Review 23, no. 78 (August 1, 2017): 77–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cirr-2017-0008.

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Abstract This article analyzes the opportunities of the Chinese initiative “One Belt, One Road”, for the development of the Baltic Sea macro-region (BSR), as a single transport cluster. One of the objectives of the initiative is to strengthen transport linkages from the Pacific Ocean to the Baltic Sea Region. Thus, the contemporary macro-regional approach to the development of EU macro-regions can provide an additional impulse to the creation of formal macro-regional inter-cooperation, via in this case, the project that will advance the transport infrastructure of the region. This study examines the situation of the railway sector in the BSR in the period 2004–2015, through hierarchical cluster analysis, to identify countries with similar trends in cargo flow turnover. Taking into account the favorable geographical position of Poland, its transport performance and advanced (in comparison to other Baltic Sea region countries) relations with China, it is concluded that Poland’s conditions are more suitable to promote economic integration with its closest neighbors – the Baltic countries-through the creation of formal macro-regional railway transport within the Rail Baltic project.

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Trojek, Tomáš, Darina Trojková, and Petr Mikysek. "DETERMINATION OF URANIUM AND THORIUM SURFACE DISTRIBUTION IN GEOLOGICAL SAMPLES: COMPARISON OF TABLETOP MACRO AND MICRO-XRF SCANNING." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 198, no. 9-11 (August 2022): 654–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncac114.

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Abstract This paper describes the identification and quantification of uranium, thorium and other chemical elements in a low-grade uranium ore, using macro and micro-X-ray fluorescence scanning. The result of such scanning is their surface distribution determined in flat samples. The basic parameters of both setups are described. The investigation was focused mainly on the improvement of the lateral resolution in the laboratory tabletop macro-XRF and its comparison with micro-XRF scanning. A standard reference material NIST 610 was used as a homogeneous reference silicate material of a known composition. The measurements have demonstrated how the macro-XRF with a quite wide X-ray beam can be competitive with the micro-XRF scanning. The capabilities of both devices were established, utilizing measurements of selected uranium-bearing sediments samples, from the Břevniště deposit in the Czech Republic.

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Stojkov, Borislav, and Snezana Subotic. "Criteria, constraints and potentials of Balkan's integrative development." Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 84, no. 2 (2004): 99–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd0402099s.

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In the consideration of integrative potentials in the Balkans, some crucial macroeconomic indicators are given, demonstrating the position of the macro-region of Southeast Europe in the international comparison, but also the comparison of seven countries within the region itself. Of particular interest is the perspective of the future association with the EU, and therefore, the criteria for the evaluation of the reforms were pointed out supporting the stabilization and association process. Given the poor macro-economic situation, we searched for other development aspects potentials and constraints which may influence the integration of the Balkans. Therefore, the multiple potentials of culture, cross-border cooperation and broader regional association were shortly analyzed. As a pivotal constraint, the border regime and the function of border regions were emphasized. We tried to seek for best approaches to macro-regional promotion, by looking at some good practices throughout Europe, and the Baltic Sea region in particular. The conclusions we draw point to the necessity of the trans-regional cooperation and integration institutionalization, the improvement and faster development of essential spatial structures and "softening" of borders with the aim to deconstruct not only physical but also mental barriers.

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KONYAEV, Aleksei A. "Modernization of the Russian banking sector based on the introduction of financial technologies for effective financial flow management." Finance and Credit 27, no. 7 (July 29, 2021): 1627–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/fc.27.7.1627.

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Subject. The article addresses the need to modernize the banking sector based on the introduction of financial technologies for managing the macro-financial flows. Objectives. The purpose is to present a unique interpretation of the Russian banking sector modernization, based on the introduction of financial technologies for effective management of financial flows in the banking sector. Methods. The study employs normative and integrated approaches to study the effectiveness of managing the macro-financial flows of the banking sector, general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge, like retrospective, systems and structural-functional analysis, observation, classification, instrumental methods of grouping, selection, comparison and generalization, evolutionary and dynamic analysis. Results. The paper considers the main financial technologies of effective management of macro-financial flows of the Russian banking sector. To improve their efficiency, I propose to use financial technologies for the creation of digital currencies. Conclusions. The use of digital currency will enable banks to manage the macro-financial flows in digital currency more effectively; to automatically track macro-financial flows in digital currency and prohibit their spending for purposes that do not correspond to the intended objective, by adding a special feature, indicating the permissible purposes for spending these funds; to increase the speed of movement of macro-financial flows in the digital form.

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Spivey, Nancy Nelson. "The Shaping of Meaning: Options in Writing the Comparison." Research in the Teaching of English 25, no. 4 (December 1, 1991): 390–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/rte199115455.

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When composing, writers give shape to the meaning they construct, and they signal a possible configuration for meaning through the organizational patterns they supply for their readers. This study examined writers’ options in organizing comparisons–texts that are often considered to have a canonical pattern. Thirty college students wrote their comparisons through discourse synthesis, integrating content cued by two informative texts, each text dealing with one of the two topics to be compared. Analyses focused on the organizational patterns the writers generated and on the content they included. Of the two major ways of organizing comparisons–organization by aspect and organization by object–organizing by aspect was the format used by most writers in this study. However, there was much variability within this format in how writers combined material for the comparison. Writers could focus on specific aspects, could separate aspects into those that were similarities and those that were differences, or could generate macro-aspects to subsume several related aspects. In selecting source material the writers preferentially included content that was symmetrical, in that it related information that was available for both objects being compared. And almost half of their additions also contributed to symmetry by balancing their treatments of the two objects. Chunking of content in a systematic way, especially by generating macro-aspects for topical focus, was a strong predictor of holistic quality ratings, stronger than measures for the nature of the content that was included. These higher-rated papers providing readers with macro-aspects tended to be written by students with higher verbal ability and more extensive topic knowledge. The study points out the variability within comparison discourse and demonstrates the complexity of the choices writers must make in structuring comparison texts

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Roberts, Alasdair. "Bridging Levels of Public Administration: How Macro Shapes Meso and Micro." Administration & Society 52, no. 4 (September 24, 2019): 631–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095399719877160.

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Scholars in public administration now recognize three levels of analysis: macro, meso, and micro. But there is uncertainty about the relationship between levels and concern about a “schism” in research. However, linkages between levels can be demonstrated easily. At the macro-level, leaders develop an overall strategy for pursuing national priorities, which determines the broad architecture of the state. Institutions must be built, renovated, or managed to give effect to these strategies: This is the meso-level of public administration. Overall, strategies also shape the micro-level relationship between people who rule and people who are ruled. This is done by categorizing people—as subjects or citizens, for example—and by redefining categories. Macro-level strategies evolve, with consequences for the agenda at the meso- and micro-levels. Experience at lower levels also shapes strategy at the macro-level. The interaction among levels is illustrated by comparison of three eras in modern American history.

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El-Kacemi, S., Mar Es-Souni, S. Habouti, D. Schopf, M. Hamdani, and M. Es-Souni. "A one-pot synthesis of nanostructured mesoporous TiO2 films on graphite felt substrates for fast catalysis." RSC Advances 5, no. 101 (2015): 83115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra16559h.

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Crack-free mesoporous anatase films are obtained on graphite felt using a one-pot synthesis from a precursor solution. The films are characterized by high photocatalytic performance in comparison to macro-mesoporous films on silicon substrates.

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Hamzaoğlu, Ergin, and Murat Koç. "Dianthus burdurensis (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from South-western Turkey." Phytotaxa 233, no. 2 (November 4, 2015): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.233.2.8.

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Dianthus burdurensis is here described as a new species from Burdur province (Turkey). Its distribution, habitat, and IUCN category are also given, as well as a macro- and micromorphological comparison with the related species D. masmenaeus Boiss.

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