Dissertations / Theses: 'Macro cell'

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Eick, Brigitte N. "A macro- and micro-evolutionary investigation of African Camponotus ants." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4258.

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Bibliography: leaves 213-233.
Camponotus than the cytochrome oxidase II gene, based on almost all measures of phylogenetic utility. The primary hypothesis proposed to account for this observation is that these two mitochondrial genes are evolving under different evolutionary constraints. Specifically, the cytochrome oxidase II gene displays greater rate heterogeneity than the cytochrome b gene, thereby decreasing its utility for phylogenetic analyses. Combining sequence data from both genes resulted in more robust phylogenetic hypotheses, with the combined topologies displaying greater congruence with the cytochrome b topologies than those based on cytochrome oxidase II sequence data. The morphological data produced a topology that was congruent with that obtained from molecular data, and provided increased support for certain nodes in the context of a combined molecular-morphological framework. The hypothesis that subgeneric classifications within Camponotus do not accurately reflect phylogenetic relationships was supported by the molecular phylogenies. An exception to this hypothesis was the monophyly of the subgenus Myrmosericus, based on cytochrome b data. The morphological and behavioural data provided support for a monophyletic group comprising the four species assigned to the subgenus Myrmopiromis. However, although these four species associated together in a group based on combined cytochrome oxidase II and cytochrome b sequences, this group was paraphyletic in the combined molecular topology, with two species in subgenus Myrmopsamma also falling within this group.

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Dickson, Andrew Holden. "A 2.5 Gb/s SONET clock and data recovery macro cell." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35398.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1994.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-110).
by Andrew Holden Dickson.
M.S.

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Bhattacharya, Subhendu, and subhendu bhattacharya@rmit edu au. "Development of macro/nanocellular foams in polymer nanocomposites." RMIT University. Civil, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, 2009. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20100122.114345.

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This thesis focuses on the generation of fine cell polymer foams using a heterogeneous nucleating agent (nanoclay), appropriate polymer blending strategies and accurate control of foam processing parameters. Foaming behaviour of HMSPP/ clay nanocomposites and HMS-PP/EVA/clay nanocomposite blends is studied using a batch and a continuous foam injection moulding system. Morphological studies using TEM and SEM led to a few interesting deductions. It is very difficult to attain complete exfoliation in case of HMS-PP/clay nanocomposites even at low clay loadings due to a non polar nature and low graft efficiencies of HMS-PP matrix. The addition of clay to an immiscible blend of HMS-PP/EVA results in compatibilization between the dispersed and the continuous phase. Nanocellular foams (290 nm) were subsequently generated in the batch process at a foaming temperature of 147oC and 25 seconds foaming time. The addition of immiscible EVA-28 to the HMS-PP matrix in presence of clay particles further results in reduction of foam cell sizes to 100 nm. The effect of gas concentration, foaming temperature, injection pressure, and foaming time on foam cell size was studied. It was found that the foam cell size was highly sensitive to the injection pressure at the mould gate (hence pressure drop rate) and foaming temperature. The cell size linearly decreased with increase in gas concentration and foaming time. The sensitivity of foam cell sizes to changes in processing parameters decreases with increase in clay concentration. The effect of addition of clay particle on gas solubility was modelled using the Guggenheims contact fraction approach and subsequently a new model to predict gas solubility was developed using statistical thermodynamic tools. Additionally the effect of shear and extensional rheology on foam cell morphology was modelled. It was found that the viscoelasticity of the polymer matrix greatly affects cell sizes as compared to extensional viscosity.

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Vidal, Obiols Alexandre. "Algorithmic techniques for physical design : macro placement and under-the-cell routing." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668839.

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With the increase of chip component density and new manufacturability constraints imposed by modern technology nodes, the role of algorithms for electronic design automation is key to the successful implementation of integrated circuits. Two of the critical steps in the physical design flows are macro placement and ensuring all design rules are honored after timing closure. This thesis proposes contributions to help in these stages, easing time-consuming manual steps and helping physical design engineers to obtain better layouts in reduced turnaround time. The first contribution is under-the-cell routing, a proposal to systematically connect standard cell components via lateral pins in the lower metal layers. The aim is to reduce congestion in the upper metal layers caused by extra metal and vias, decreasing the number of design rule violations. To allow cells to connect by abutment, a standard cell library is enriched with instances containing lateral pins in a pre-selected sharing track. Algorithms are proposed to maximize the numbers of connections via lateral connection by mapping placed cell instances to layouts with lateral pins, and proposing local placement modifications to increase the opportunities for such connections. Experimental results show a significant decrease in the number of pins, vias, and in number of design rule violations, with negligible impact on wirelength and timing. The second contribution, done in collaboration with eSilicon (a leading ASIC design company), is the creation of HiDaP, a macro placement tool for modern industrial designs. The proposed approach follows a multilevel scheme to floorplan hierarchical blocks, composed of macros and standard cells. By exploiting RTL information available in the netlist, the dataflow affinity between these blocks is modeled and minimized to find a macro placement with good wirelength and timing properties. The approach is further extended to allow additional engineer input, such as preferred macro locations, and also spectral and force methods to guide the floorplanning search. Experimental results show that the layouts generated by HiDaP outperforms those obtained by a state-of-the-art EDA physical design software, with similar wirelength and better timing when compared to manually designed tape-out ready macro placements. Layouts obtained by HiDaP have successfully been brought to near timing closure with one to two rounds of small modifications by physical design engineers. HiDaP has been fully integrated in the design flows of the company and its development remains an ongoing effort.
A causa de l'increment de la densitat de components en els xip i les noves restriccions de disseny imposades pels últims nodes de fabricació, el rol de l'algorísmia en l'automatització del disseny electrònic ha esdevingut clau per poder implementar circuits integrats. Dos dels passos crucials en el procés de disseny físic és el placement de macros i assegurar la correcció de les regles de disseny un cop les restriccions de timing del circuit són satisfetes. Aquesta tesi proposa contribucions per ajudar en aquests dos reptes, facilitant laboriosos passos manuals en el procés i ajudant als enginyers de disseny físic a obtenir millors resultats en menys temps. La primera contribució és el routing "under-the-cell", una proposta per connectar cel·les estàndard usant pins laterals en les capes de metall inferior de manera sistemàtica. L'objectiu és reduir la congestió en les capes de metall superior causades per l'ús de metall i vies, i així disminuir el nombre de violacions de regles de disseny. Per permetre la connexió lateral de cel·les, estenem una llibreria de cel·les estàndard amb dissenys que incorporen connexions laterals. També proposem modificacions locals al placement per permetre explotar aquest tipus de connexions més sovint. Els resultats experimentals mostren una reducció significativa en el nombre de pins, vies i nombre de violacions de regles de disseny, amb un impacte negligible en wirelength i timing. La segona contribució, desenvolupada en col·laboració amb eSilicon (una empresa capdavantera en disseny ASIC), és el desenvolupament de HiDaP, una eina de macro placement per a dissenys industrials actuals. La proposta segueix un procés multinivell per fer el floorplan de blocks jeràrquics, formats per macros i cel·les estàndard. Mitjançant la informació RTL disponible en la netlist, l'afinitat de dataflow entre els mòduls es modela i minimitza per trobar macro placements amb bones propietats de wirelength i timing. La proposta també incorpora la possibilitat de rebre input addicional de l'enginyer, com ara suggeriments de les posicions de les macros. Finalment, també usa mètodes espectrals i de forçes per guiar la cerca de floorplans. Els resultats experimentals mostren que els dissenys generats amb HiDaP són millors que els obtinguts per eines comercials capdavanteres de EDA. Els resultats també mostren que els dissenys presentats poden obtenir un wirelength similar i millor timing que macro placements obtinguts manualment, usats per fabricació. Alguns dissenys obtinguts per HiDaP s'han dut fins a timing-closure en una o dues rondes de modificacions incrementals per part d'enginyers de disseny físic. L'eina s'ha integrat en el procés de disseny de eSilicon i el seu desenvolupament continua més enllà de les aportacions a aquesta tesi.

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Bronnimann, Heather. "Functional Analysis of Interactions within the TCR-CD3-pMHC-CD4 Macro-complex." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/612427.

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CD4⁺ T cells are a critical component of the adaptive immune compartment. Each T cell expresses a clonotypic T cell receptor (TCR) that must discriminate between self and foreign peptides presented in major histocompatibility molecules (pMHC) on the surface of antigen presenting cells to direct T cell fate decisions. Information regarding TCR-pMHC interactions must then be transmitted to the TCR-associated CD3 signaling modules, which contain ITAMs that serve as signaling substrates for Src kinases. The Src kinase, Lck, is recruited to the pMHC-bound TCR-CD3 complex via association with the CD4 coreceptor that binds MHCII. It is therefore through the coordinated interactions within the TCR-CD3-pMHC-CD4 macro-complex that productive TCR signaling can occur to inform T cell activation and fate decisions. While much is known regarding the structure of the individual subunits that make up the TCR-CD3-pMHC-CD4 macro-complex, there is little information regarding how these components come together to initiate TCR signaling and determine functional outcomes. Here, we have interrogated how interaction of these individual components leads to productive T cell activation. Specifically, we interrogated the nature of TCR-MHC interactions and provide evidence that there is intrinsic specificity of the TCR for MHCII. We have also built mouse models to determine the role of TCR-CD3 interactions and TCR dimerization in the transmission of information from the TCR to the CD3 subunits following TCR-pMHC engagement. Finally, we show that both the CD4 transmembrane and extracellular domains contribute to T cell activation in vitro. Overall, this work provides insight into how the constituents of the TCR-CD3-pMHC-CD4 macro-complex interact to initiate T cell fate and function.

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Han, Guang. "The synergistic role of hierarchical macro- and mesoporous implant surface and microscopic view of enhanced osseointegration." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för material- och miljökemi (MMK), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-120584.

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The trend for designing of a titanium implant explored using different chemical compositions and crystallinity materials until people realized that the implant surface character was another important factor affecting the rate and extent of osseointegartion. Titanium received a macroporous titania surface layer by anodization, which contains open pores with average pore diameter around 5μm. An additional mesoporous titania top layer was created that followed the contour of the macropores and having 100–200 nm thickness and a pore diameter of 10 nm. Thus, a coherent laminar titania surface layer was obtained producing a hierarchical macro- and mesoporous surface. The interfacial bonding between the surface layers and the titanium matrix was characterized by a scratch test that confirmed a stable and strong bonding of the laminar titania surface layers upon titanium. The wettability to water and the effects on the osteosarcoma cell line (SaOS-2) proliferation and mineralization of the formed titania surface layers were studied systematically by cell culture and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A synergistic role of the hierarchical macro- and mesoporosities was revealed in terms of enhancing cell adhesion, proliferation and mineralization, when compared with the titania surface with solo porosity scale topography. For the in vivo results of the evaluation of osseointegration, an argon ion beam polishing technique was applied to prepare the cross sections of implants feasible for the high resolution SEM investigation. The interfacial microstructure between newly formed bone and implants with four modified surfaces including the new hierarchical macro- and mesoporous implant surface retrieved after in vivo tests were characterized. By this approach it has become possible to directly observe early bone formation, the increase of bone density, and the evolution of bone structure. The two bone growth mechanisms, distant osteogenesis and contact osteogenesis, can also be distinguished. These direct observations give, at microscopic level, a better view of osseointegration and explain the functional mechanisms of various implant surfaces for osseointegration.

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: In press. Paper 4: Manuscript.

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McSloy, Alexandra. "Regulation of macro- and micro-vascular endothelial cell survival by leptin and thrombin: signalling mechanisms and functional relevance." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.618292.

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Pardon, Gaspard. "From Macro to Nano : Electrokinetic Transport and Surface Control." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Mikro- och nanosystemteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-144994.

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Today, the growing and aging population, and the rise of new global threats on human health puts an increasing demand on the healthcare system and calls for preventive actions. To make existing medical treatments more efficient and widely accessible and to prevent the emergence of new threats such as drug-resistant bacteria, improved diagnostic technologies are needed. Potential solutions to address these medical challenges could come from the development of novel lab-on-chip (LoC) for point-of-care (PoC) diagnostics. At the same time, the increasing demand for sustainable energy calls for the development of novel approaches for energy conversion and storage systems (ECS), to which micro- and nanotechnologies could also contribute. This thesis has for objective to contribute to these developments and presents the results of interdisciplinary research at the crossing of three disciplines of physics and engineering: electrokinetic transport in fluids, manufacturing of micro- and nanofluidic systems, and surface control and modification. By combining knowledge from each of these disciplines, novel solutions and functionalities were developed at the macro-, micro- and nanoscale, towards applications in PoC diagnostics and ECS systems. At the macroscale, electrokinetic transport was applied to the development of a novel PoC sampler for the efficient capture of exhaled breath aerosol onto a microfluidic platform. At the microscale, several methods for polymer micromanufacturing and surface modification were developed. Using direct photolithography in off-stoichiometry thiol-ene (OSTE) polymers, a novel manufacturing method for mold-free rapid prototyping of microfluidic devices was developed. An investigation of the photolithography of OSTE polymers revealed that a novel photopatterning mechanism arises from the off-stoichiometric polymer formulation. Using photografting on OSTE surfaces, a novel surface modification method was developed for the photopatterning of the surface energy. Finally, a novel method was developed for single-step microstructuring and micropatterning of surface energy, using a molecular self-alignment process resulting in spontaneous mimicking, in the replica, of the surface energy of the mold. At the nanoscale, several solutions for the study of electrokinetic transport toward selective biofiltration and energy conversion were developed. A novel, comprehensive model was developed for electrostatic gating of the electrokinetic transport in nanofluidics. A novel method for the manufacturing of electrostatically-gated nanofluidic membranes was developed, using atomic layer deposition (ALD) in deep anodic alumina oxide (AAO) nanopores. Finally, a preliminary investigation of the nanopatterning of OSTE polymers was performed for the manufacturing of polymer nanofluidic devices.

QC 20140509

Rappid
NanoGate
Norosensor

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Sandin, Mats, and Magnus Fransson. "Framework for Calibration of a Traffic State Space Model." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-85342.

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To evaluate the traffic state over time and space, several models can be used. A typical model for estimating the state of the traffic for a stretch of road or a road network is the cell transmission model, which is a form of state space model. This kind of model typically needs to be calibrated since the different roads have different properties. This thesis will present a calibration framework for the velocity based cell transmission model, the CTM-v. The cell transmission model for velocity is a discrete time dynamical system that can model the evolution of the velocity field on highways. Such a model can be fused with an ensemble Kalman filter update algorithm for the purpose of velocity data assimilation. Indeed, enabling velocity data assimilation was the purpose for ever developing the model in the first place and it is an essential part of the Mobile Millennium research project. Therefore a systematic methodology for calibrating the cell transmission is needed. This thesis presents a framework for calibration of the velocity based cell transmission model that is combined with the ensemble Kalman filter. The framework consists of two separate methods, one is a statistical approach to calibration of the fundamental diagram. The other is a black box optimization method, a simplification of the complex method that can solve inequality constrained optimization problems with non-differentiable objective functions. Both of these methods are integrated with the existing system, yielding a calibration framework, in particular highways were stationary detectors are part of the infrastructure. The output produced by the above mentioned system is highly dependent on the values of its characterising parameters. Such parameters need to be calibrated so as to make the model a valid representation of reality. Model calibration and validation is a process of its own, most often tailored for the researchers models and purposes. The combination of the two methods are tested in a suit of experiments for two separate highway models of Interstates 880 and 15, CA which are evaluated against travel time and space mean speed estimates given by Bluetooth detectors with an error between 7.4 and 13.4 % for the validation time periods depending on the parameter set and model.

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CICCHETTI, ALESSANDRO. "Analysis of Radiation Effects in Cancer Patients: from the Macro-scale of Organ Symptoms to the Micro-scale of Cell Death." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1317087.

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Simakov, Oleg [Verfasser]. "Linking Micro- and Macro-Evolution at the Cell Type Level: Insights into long-term evolution of cell types from comparative genomics, population sampling and development of Platynereis dumerilii / Oleg Simakov." Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1045840505/34.

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Kaiser, Benjamin [Verfasser]. "A generalised interface for multi-level coupling of beam unit cell meso-models to macro finite elements in draping simulation / Benjamin Kaiser." Düren : Shaker, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1220610003/34.

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Perrot, Camille. "Microstructure et Macro-Comportement Acoustique : Approche par reconstruction d'une Cellule Élémentaire Représentative." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00123464.

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La question fondamentale de la détermination des propriétés acoustiques de milieux poreux à partir de leur géométrie locale est examinée dans cette thèse de doctorat, à partir d'un échantillon de mousse d'aluminium à cellules ouvertes ayant été analysé par microtomographie axiale à rayons-X. Plusieurs propriétés géométriques sont mesurées pour caractériser l'échantillon expérimental à l'échelle de la cellule. Cette information est utilisée de manière à reconstruire un milieu poreux au moyen d'unités cellulaires idéalisées tri- et bi- dimensionnelles. La dépendance en fréquences des champs de températures et de vitesses gouvernant la propagation et la dissipation des ondes acoustiques à travers un milieu poreux rigide est calculée par simulation de mouvement Brownien et par la méthode des éléments finis, respectivement. Le comportement macroscopique est obtenu par moyennes spatiales des champs locaux. Nos résultats sont comparés à des données expérimentales obtenues par des mesures au tube d'impédance. Premièrement, cette approche conduit à l'identification des paramètres macroscopiques du model semi-phénoménologique de Pride-Lafarge. Deuxièmement, elle fournit un accès direct aux perméabilités dynamiques thermique et visqueuse. Néanmoins, le modèle bidimensionnel sous-estime la perméabilité visqueuse statique ainsi que la longueur caractéristique visqueuse; ce qui requiert donc une implémentation tridimensionnelle.

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Nguyen, Thi Thu Trang. "Influence de l'effet de l'interface acier/béton (top-bar effect) sur la corrosion de structures en béton armé exposées en environnement de chlorures ou de carbonatation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSEI009.

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Le béton armé est connu l’un des matériaux les plus utilisés dans la construction. Néanmoins, après une période de mise en exploitation, il peut se corroder. Les chlorures et la carbonatation sont les principaux facteurs provoquant la corrosion des structures en béton armé. La thèse a pour objectif d’étudier le comportement à la corrosion du béton armé sous l’environnement de carbonatation ou des chlorures, correspondant à l'influence de l’effet de la qualité de l’interface acier/mortier (top-bar effet), du type de ciment ainsi que de la fissure transversale artificielle ou des fissures transversales induites par la charge mécanique.En général, la corrosion induite par la carbonatation est étudiée du point de vue de la corrosion uniforme. Le premier objectif de la thèse est de confirmer l’opinion de la corrosion par macro-cellule ou non uniforme dans la corrosion induite par la carbonatation. Selon les résultats expérimentaux, le taux de corrosion dans les armatures de béton carbonaté est susceptible d'être considéré du point de vue de la corrosion uniforme et macro-cellule, qui est fortement influencée par le rapport cathode/anode. De plus, l'application de CEM III utilisant des laitiers comme addition minérale a montré une réduction efficace de la corrosion non uniforme.La deuxième partie se concentre sur l'influence de l’effet de la qualité de l’interface acier/mortier (top-bar effet) sur le comportement de la corrosion dans le cas d'une corrosion induite par la carbonatation et de la présence d'une fissure induite par la charge mécanique. Le suivi du courant de corrosion par macro-cellule a été utilisée dans les essais expérimentaux. Puis la perte de masse ainsi que la cinétique de corrosion ont été calculée. La corrosion s'est développée principalement au niveau du pré-fissures. En raison de l’effet de la qualité de l’interface acier/mortier, les barres supérieures étaient plus corrodées que les barres inférieures. La valeur du courant de la corrosion mesurée sur les barres supérieures a été observée plus élevée que sur les barres inférieures. La perte de masse de l'acier calculée à partir de la mesure du suivi de courant ne correspond qu'à une petite partie de la perte de masse totale déterminée par la mesure gravimétrique. La corrosion uniforme semble être le phénomène principal.La dernière partie étudie l’effet de la qualité de l’interface acier/mortier (top-bar effet) dans des échantillons de béton fibré avec ou sans fissure artificielle sur la corrosion induite par les chlorures. Les barres supérieures sont plus corrodées que les barres inférieures et la partie supérieure de la barre supérieure présente une corrosion plus élevée que la partie inférieure. En présence de fissures artificielles, le ‘’top-bar effet’’ entraîne la propagation de la corrosion le long de la surface des barres d'acier. La corrosion se développe également le long de la barre supérieure lorsqu'il n'y a pas de fissure artificielle, dans un temps pas si différent du cas d'une fissure artificielle. Cela confirme que l'exposition de la surface supérieure et l’effet de la qualité de l’interface acier/mortier sont très préjudiciables à la corrosion. En comparant le comportement avec un béton sans fibres, il apparaît que l'ajout de fibres dans le béton armé entraîne une augmentation de la résistance à la fissuration induite par la corrosion.Dans chaque partie, les observations expérimentales sont couplées à des simulations numériques pour comparer et démontrer les résultats expérimentaux
Reinforced concrete is known one of the most popular materials applied in construction. Nevertheless after a period of time it can be corroded. Chloride and carbonation are the main factors causing to corrosion in reinforced concrete structure. The thesis aimed to study the corrosion behavior of reinforcement concrete under carbonation or chloride environment, corresponding to the influence of top-bar effect, the cement type as well as artificial transverse crack or load-induced cracks.In general carbonation induced corrosion is usually researched from the point of view that it generates uniform corrosion. The first objective of the thesis is to confirm the opinion of macro cell or non-uniform corrosion in carbonated induced corrosion. According to the results of experiments in this part, corrosion rate in carbonated concrete reinforcement is likely to consider from the point of view of both uniform and macro cell corrosion, which is highly influenced by the ratio cathode/anode. In addition the application of CEM III using slag as addictive exhibited reduction of non-uniform corrosion effectively.The second part focuses on the influence of top-bar effect on corrosion behavior in the case carbonation induced corrosion and presence of load induced crack. Macro cell corrosion current monitoring was utilized in the experiment following the loss of mass as well as corrosion kinetic was calculated. Corrosions mainly developed at the position of the pre-cracks. Due to the top-bar effect upper bars were more corroded than bottom bars. Current corrosion value of top bars was observed higher than bottom bars. Loss of steel mass calculated from macro cell current measurement corresponds to only to a small part of the total loss of mass determined by gravimetric measurement. Uniform corrosion appears to be the main phenomena.The last part investigates the effect of top-bar effect in fibers concrete samples with or without artificial crack on chloride induced corrosion. The top steel bars are more corroded than the bottom bars and the upper part of the top bar is recorded higher corrosion than the lower part. In presence of artificial crack the top casting effect results that corrosions spread along the surface of the steel bars. Corrosion also spread along the top bar when there is no artificial crack, in a time not so different from the case of artificial crack. It confirms that top surface exposure and top bar effect are highly prejudicial for corrosion. By comparing the behavior with concrete without fibers, it appears that the addition of fibers in reinforced concrete leads to an increase of resistance to corrosion induced cracking.For each part, experimental observations are coupled with numerical simulations to compare as well as demonstrate the experimental results

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Sankaran, Hariharan. "High-level synthesis framework for crosstalk minimization in VLSI ASICs." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002775.

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Rakhimova, Elena. "Comparison of macro and femto cells considering power consumption." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-177910.

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Nowadays the traffic demand grows fast that requires careful chosen deployment strategy to increase capacity, but save investments. Another important subject is to save a power consumed mostly by base station itself and its backhaul network. So, what type of base stations must be chosen, what spectrum characteristics it has and what backhaul link is connected to it. All this aspects requires different approaches, as they have different capacity and cover characteristics. The motivation is to compare the solutions using different base station types and various backhaul solutions. The question if the spectral efficiency allows to increase the traffic throughput, it would decrease or increase power consumption and cost. The modern technologies propose several options, ones of them are macro cellar and femtocell network. The macro cell has a great ability to cover a big area, while the femtocell has a good capacity possibilities. Moreover, femtocell partially are paid and installed by end-users that decrease the installation and electricity cost for operators. However, operator can reuse existed sites which decrease investment cost of macrocellular network. So, the first milestone is to find the way how to fairly compare two different types of technologies. In this thesis the proposed scenario is composed in a very careful way to predict demand types, base stations possibilities and characteristics as well as the backhaul architecture. Then the more accurate model to deploy a femtocellular network has been described in detail. The more detailed cost strategy is introduced for backhaul solutions and described in detail. The power consumption calculations has been described in more clear way, to show the range of metrics, what value should it has: negative or positive. Some formulas is remade to reach more correct results. Another milestone is to bring all parameters to unique format that has been done to achieve right results. In the microwave backhaul solution, the topology case added and carefully described, because every topology case requires different formulas, in this thesis, the calculation steps for star and ring topologies presented. Steps how to calculate the base station radius depends on power characteristics of base station is provided. Since this thesis introduces improvements in several points, It is good guide to keep in track the received results and control the calculation process.

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Tsai, Meng-Chen. "Les phospholipides polyinsaturés dans les larges déformations membranaires induites par les toxines bactériennes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2020COAZ6044.

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La plupart des membranes cellulaires contiennent des phospholipides (PL) avec des chaînes acyles saturées et mono-insaturées. Cependant, les PL polyinsaturés (PUPL) sont des composants membranaires abondants dans certaines cellules spécialisées, notamment les neurones et les cellules endothéliales. Précédemment, nous avons montré que l'acide docosahexaénoïque (DHA), un acide gras polyinsaturé qui appartient à la famille des omega 3, réduisait le coût énergétique de la tubulation membranaire, facilitant ainsi la formation de vésicules dans les processus d'endocytose. Ici, nous étudions les effets du DHA dans les PL sur deux processus distincts d'invasion bactérienne ciblant les cellules endothéliales qui reposent soit sur l'inactivation de la RhoA GTPase, soit l'activation des Rho GTPases. Le premier processus est la formation de macroapertures transendothéliales (TEMs) ou tunnels, induits par une toxine bactérienne. Les TEMs représentent une nouvelle voie d'extravasation bactérienne dans les tissus à travers l'endothélium. Le second processus est l'invasion des cellules endothéliales par Escherichia pathogène extra-intestinal (ExPEC).Nous avons modifié le profil lipidique des PL en terme de chaines acylées dans les cellules endothéliales humaine de la veine ombilicale (HUVEC) par des régimes alimentaires à base d'acides gras définis. Dans des conditions de régime DHA où le pourcentage de DHA-PL à la membrane plasmique augmente, nous avons observé une augmentation de la fréquence d’ouverture des TEMs induits par l'exoenzyme C3 de Clostridium botulinum qui inactive la GTPase RhoA. L'effet facilitant la nucléation des TEMs est attribué à une diminution de l'épaisseur des cellules résultant de l'enrichissement en DHA-PL. Les TEMs dans un environnement enrichi en DHA-PL sont aussi plus petits et transitoires, montrant une densité plus élevée. Le produit de la taille maximale des TEMs par leur nombre reste pourtant constant, ce qui indique que la surface totale occupée par les TEM dans une cellule reste similaire. Notre étude montre donc une régulation homéostatique dans la cellule afin d'équilibrer la tension membranaire pour empêcher l'éclatement de la cellule induit par des toxines bactériennes. Comme preuve plus large de l'importance des niveaux de PULP dans les membranes, nous avons découvert que l’augmentation du pourcentage de DHA-PL à la membrane plasmique réduit l'invasion des cellules endothéliales par une souche d’E. coli uropathogène, médiée par une toxine bactérienne activatrice des GTPases Rho. Dans l’ensemble, nos résultats mettent en lumière le rôle inhibiteur des PULP contenant du DHA sur les larges déformations de la membrane plasmique provoquées par l'actine et induites par deux familles de toxines bactériennes, qui affectent la signalisation de la Rho GTPase pour permettre l'invasion des cellules ou des tissus par des bactéries pathogènes
Most cellular membranes contain phospholipids (PL) with saturated and mono-unsaturated acyl chains. However, polyunsaturated PL (PUPL) are abundant membrane components in some specialized cells, notably neurons and endothelial cells. Previously, we showed that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid that belongs to the omega 3 family, reduced the energy cost for membrane tubulation, thereby facilitating vesicle formation in endocytosis processes. Here, we investigate the effects of DHA in PL on two distinct bacterial invasion processes in endothelial cells, which rely on either RhoA GTPase inactivation or the activation of Rho GTPases. The first process is bacterial-toxin induced formation of transendothelial cell macroapertures (TEMs) or tunnels, which represents a novel path for bacterial extravasation in tissues through the endothelium. The second process is extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) invasion of endothelial cells. We modified the lipidic profile of PL in terms of acyl chains in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) by defined fatty acid diets. Under DHA-diet conditions where the level of DHA-PL in the plasma membrane increased, we observed that the frequency of TEM openings increased in cells treated with the RhoA inactivating C3 exoenzyme from Clostridium botulinum. The facilitating effect on TEM nucleation was attributed to the thinner cell thickness resulting from DHA-PL enrichment. DHA-PL-enriched environment also triggered an increase of the density of TEMs that display smaller apertures and shorter lifetimes. The product of TEMs maximal size by their number remained constant, indicating the total area occupied by TEMs in a cell remains similar. We therefore show a homeostatic regulation in the host cell in order to balance the membrane tension to prevent cell rupture induced by bacterial toxins. As a broader evidence of the importance of PULP-levels in membranes, we found that increase of DHA-PL at the plasma membrane reduced bacterial toxin-induced invasion of endothelial cells by uropathogenic E. coli. Altogether, our results shed light on the role of DHA-containing PUPL on actin-driven large-scale plasma membrane deformations triggered by two families of bacterial toxins, which jeopardize Rho GTPase signaling to allow cell or tissue invasion by pathogenic bacteria

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Mackey, Carol Ann. "A performance-driven fuzzy algorithm for placement of macro cells." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291564.

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Macro cell placement is an integral part of VLSI design. Existing placement techniques do not use a realistic human-like intuitive process for making decisions and therefore, lack the ability to make decisions based on several factors at once. In this research a quad-partitioning algorithm with a tabu search and a fuzzy cost function is used for macro cell placement. This approach partitions the design into small pieces that can be easily placed. The algorithm is based on a method which tries to reduce the path lengths and reduce the number of edges which cross out of a partition. The fuzzy cost function adds the human reasoning missing from other algorithms. The algorithm allows I/O cells to be preplaced or it can optimize their placement. The results show that this algorithm produces higher quality placements than other macro cell algorithms such as Lim, Chee and Wu and Lin and Du.

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Baldoli, E. "MAGNESIUM AND ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION: COMPARATIVE STUDIES IN MACRO AND MICROVASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELLS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/150045.

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Mg is referred to as the intracellular divalent cation par excellence. Its biological role is extremely versatile as it can serve structural functions as well as dynamic functions. Accordingly, Mg deficiency has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and, in particular, in atherogenesis. 1)Mg in macrovascular endothelial cells. In cultured macrovascular endothelial cells, low Mg increases tha adhesion of monocytes to the monolayer via upregulation of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), induces plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)1, augments the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1α, impairs endothelial proliferation and promotes cellular senescence (Killilea DW and Ames BN, 2008). Recently, endothelial function has been shown significantly impaired in a model of inherited hypomagnesemia in mice (MgL mice) (Mazur A et al., 2007). All these results point to the fact that low Mg promotes the acquisition of an inflammatory phenotype in endothelium. Since NFkB transcription factors control the inflammatory response and are activated by free radicals, I investigated whether culture in low Mg promotes oxidative stress and activates NFkB in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Because NFkB activation correlates with marked alterations of the cytokine network, I also studied the secretion profile of inflammatory molecules in cells grown in low Mg. My results highlight molecular events that contribute to the pro-atherogenic effect of Mg deficiency. 2)Mg in microvascular endothelial cells. MEC contribute to inflammation by elaborating cytokines, synthesizing chemical mediators and expressing adhesion molecules which bind leukocytes, thus facilitating their passage in the nearby tissues. In addition, also in the microvasculature the endothelium itself is sensitive to cytokines which profoundly affect its behavior. Low extracellular Mg affects also microvascular endothelial cells. In murine microvascular cells, it has been reported that low Mg induces the synthesis of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), a marker of inflammation which binds the integrin VLA-4 (very late activation antigen-4) expressed by monocytes and most of the lymphocytes. Focal adhesion of leukocytes to the microvasculature is a key step in inflammation and immune response. In addition, Mg deficiency upregulates IL-1α and IL-6, pleiotropic cytokines implicated in acute phase response and inflammation (Bernardini D. et al, 2005). Because MEC are important players in inflammation and angiogenesis, I asked whether different concentrations of Mg could affect the behavior of human MEC in vitro. My results demonstrate that culture in low Mg affects human MEC with some differences in respect to HUVEC. 3)TRPM7, a Mg transport channel. The novel Mg transporter TRPM7, a ubiquitously expressed protein with the feature of being both a functional ion channel and kinase, is a critical regulator of Mg homeostasis in vascular cells. Because endothelial cells are very sensitive to extracellular concentrations of Mg, we have investigated the expression and the role of TRPM7 in human macro- and microvascular endothelial cells. I show that the regulation of TRPM7 expression is very different in human MEC vs HUVEC. By siRNA I also demonstrate completely different effects of TRPM7 silencing in HUVEC vs MEC.

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Silva, Vania Daniela Ramos da. "Expressão do receptor de macrófago com estrutura de colágeno (MARCO) em macrófagos, células dendríticas e células tumorais após internalização de nanotubos de carbono." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/259960.

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Orientadores: Vitor Baranauskas, Elaine Conceição de Oliveira
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T06:09:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_VaniaDanielaRamosda_M.pdf: 1200986 bytes, checksum: ea703367a77fd7a3b81588f401b24a2f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: A utilização da nanotecnologia emerge com potencial para aplicação na área biomédica, no diagnóstico e tratamento patológico, transporte de fármacos e transporte intracelular de moléculas. Dentre as nanopartículas, os nanotubos de carbono (NT) pertencem a uma nova classe de material para aplicação na área biomédica. Devido ao seu tamanho reduzido, os NT podem ser internalizados por diferentes células, como os fagócitos e células tumorais. Embora vários mecanismos de internalização de nanopartículas tenham sido descritos, o mecanismo pelo qual isso ocorre ainda não é bem entendido. O receptor MARCO, que é um receptor de membrana celular expresso em macrófagos, células dendríticas e algumas células endoteliais e está ligado à remoção de partículas inertes parece estar relacionado à internalização de NT. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi estudar a internalização de NT por macrófagos (MO), células dendríticas (DC) e células de carcinoma pulmonar de Lewis (3LL), e sua relação com a expressão do receptor MARCO. Assim como, estudar a produção de citocinas pelas DC e MO incubados com os NT. Os MO foram obtidos do baço e as DC obtidas da medula óssea de camundongos C57Bl/6, e células da linhagem 3LL foram cultivadas em nosso laboratório. As células foram incubadas com NT de parede múltipla, marcados com o corante PKH26 em diferentes tempos. DC MO e 3LL internalizam os NT, porém somente os dois primeiros tipos celulares expressaram MARCO. As células 3LL apesar de internalizarem grande quantidade de NT após 12 e 24 horas, não expressam MARCO. Ao bloquear o receptor com anticorpo anti-MARCO nas DC e MO observamos diminuição na internalização dos NT.Os resultados demonstram que DC são aquelas que mais internalizam os NT e tem a maior expressão de MARCO. Estudos sobre modificações estruturais na célula foram observadas através da espectroscopia Raman. A análise da expressão gênica para citocinas demonstraram aumento na expressão de RNAm para citocina pró-inflamatória TNF? em MO e DC incubadas com NT
Abstract: The aplication of nanotechnology emerges with potential for application in the biomedical area, pathological diagnosis and treatment, drug transport and intracellular transport of molecules. Among the nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes (NT) belong to a new class of material for application in the biomedical area. Due to its small size, the NT can be internalized by various cells such as phagocytes and tumor cells. Although several mechanisms of internalization of nanoparticles have been described, the mechanism by which this occurs is not well understood. The MARCO receptor, which is a cell membrane receptor expressed on macrophages, dendritic cells and some endothelial cells and is linked to the removal of inert particles appears to be related to the internalization of NT. Thus, the aim was to study the internalization of NT by macrophages (MO), dendritic cells (DC) cells and Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) and its relationship with the expression of receptor MARCO. As well as studying the production of cytokines by DC and MO were incubated with NT. The MO were obtained from the spleen and the DC obtained from bone marrow of C57BL / 6 and 3LL cell lines were cultured in our laboratory. The cells were incubated with NT (multi wall) , labeled with PKH26 dye at different times. DC, MO and 3LL internalize the NT, but only the DC and MO express MARCO. 3LL cells internalize despite large amount of NT at 12 and 24 hours, but not express MARCO. By blocking the receptor with anti-MARCO in MO and DC, were decreased the internalization of NT. The results demonstrate that DC internalize more NT than other cells and have the highest expression of MARCO. Studies on structural changes in the cell were observed by Raman spectroscopy. The analysis of gene expression for cytokines showed increased expression of mRNA for proinflammatory cytokine TNF in MO and MO incubated with NT
Mestrado
Eletrônica, Microeletrônica e Optoeletrônica
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica

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Tektonidis, Marco [Verfasser], and Karl [Akademischer Betreuer] Rohr. "Non-rigid multi-frame registration of cell nuclei in live cell microscopy image data / Marco Tektonidis ; Betreuer: Karl Rohr." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1177149729/34.

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Di, Marco Moreno [Verfasser], and Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Stevanović. "The immunopeptidomic landscape of clear cell renal cell carcinoma : identification and characterization of T-cell epitopes for immunotherapeutic approaches / Moreno Di Marco ; Betreuer: Stefan Stevanović." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/119926850X/34.

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Ernst, Marco [Verfasser]. "Macroporous silicon for crystalline thin-film solar cells / Marco Ernst." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek und Universitätsbibliothek Hannover (TIB), 2013. http://d-nb.info/1047351552/34.

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Lehle, Karla, Stephan Schreml, Leoni A. Kunz-Schughart, Leopold Rupprecht, Dietrich E. Birnbaum, Christof Schmid, and Jürgen G. Preuner. "mTOR Inhibitors and Calcineurin Inhibitors Do Not Affect Adhesion Molecule Expression of Human Macro- and Microvascular Endothelial Cells." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-135401.

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We examined the effect of cyclosporin A, tacrolimus, sirolimus and everolimus on the cell growth, viability, proliferation, expression of cellular adhesion molecules (CAM) and leukocyte (PBMC) binding of human macrovascular (coronary artery, saphenous vein) and microvascular endothelial cells (EC). Tacrolimus did not affect EC integrity, growth or expression of CAM. Exclusively, EC from the coronary arteries showed a reduced cellular growth (about 30%) under cyclosporin A and tacrolimus treatment. In contrast, treatment with mTOR inhibitors reduced EC proliferative activity by about 40%, independently of the EC origin. No induction of apoptosis (caspase-3/7 activity) or cytotoxicity (MTS test) was observed. Long-term treatment with high concentrations of sirolimus and everolimus did not enhance the expression of CAM. Stimulation with tumor necrosis factor significantly increased the expression of CAM, independently of the drugs used. None of the mTOR inhibitors influenced the tumor necrosis factor-induced expression of CAM, whereas adhesion of PBMC increased significantly, as described by other papers. In summary, neither calcineurin inhibitors nor mTOR inhibitors activate human micro- and macrovascular EC. Therefore, the investigated drugs are unlikely to contribute to EC activation during transplant-associated vasculopathy
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich

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Lehle, Karla, Stephan Schreml, Leoni A. Kunz-Schughart, Leopold Rupprecht, Dietrich E. Birnbaum, Christof Schmid, and Jürgen G. Preuner. "mTOR Inhibitors and Calcineurin Inhibitors Do Not Affect Adhesion Molecule Expression of Human Macro- and Microvascular Endothelial Cells." Karger, 2008. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27646.

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We examined the effect of cyclosporin A, tacrolimus, sirolimus and everolimus on the cell growth, viability, proliferation, expression of cellular adhesion molecules (CAM) and leukocyte (PBMC) binding of human macrovascular (coronary artery, saphenous vein) and microvascular endothelial cells (EC). Tacrolimus did not affect EC integrity, growth or expression of CAM. Exclusively, EC from the coronary arteries showed a reduced cellular growth (about 30%) under cyclosporin A and tacrolimus treatment. In contrast, treatment with mTOR inhibitors reduced EC proliferative activity by about 40%, independently of the EC origin. No induction of apoptosis (caspase-3/7 activity) or cytotoxicity (MTS test) was observed. Long-term treatment with high concentrations of sirolimus and everolimus did not enhance the expression of CAM. Stimulation with tumor necrosis factor significantly increased the expression of CAM, independently of the drugs used. None of the mTOR inhibitors influenced the tumor necrosis factor-induced expression of CAM, whereas adhesion of PBMC increased significantly, as described by other papers. In summary, neither calcineurin inhibitors nor mTOR inhibitors activate human micro- and macrovascular EC. Therefore, the investigated drugs are unlikely to contribute to EC activation during transplant-associated vasculopathy.
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

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Cáceres, García Juli. "El destape del macho ibérico masculinidades disidentes en la comedia sexy (celt)ibérica /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (ProQuest) Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2008. http://worldcat.org/oclc/436260517/viewonline.

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Becker, Marco [Verfasser], Heidi [Akademischer Betreuer] Hahn, and Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Dobbelstein. "Wif1 Inhibits the Growth of Basal Cell Carcinoma / Marco Becker. Betreuer: Heidi Hahn. Gutachter: Heidi Hahn ; Matthias Dobbelstein." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1080609970/34.

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Mauri, Marco [Verfasser], and Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Klumpp. "A model for sigma factor competition in bacterial cells / Marco Mauri ; Betreuer: Stefan Klumpp." Potsdam : Universität Potsdam, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1218398450/34.

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Tinganelli, Walter [Verfasser], Marco [Akademischer Betreuer] Durante, and Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Thiel. "Influence of LET and oxygen status on cell survival and adhesion molecule expression / Walter Tinganelli. Betreuer: Marco Durante ; Gerhard Thiel." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1106114949/34.

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Lauer, Florian [Verfasser], Marco Akademischer Betreuer] Durante, and Tobias [Akademischer Betreuer] [Meckel. "Effects of ionizing radiation on cell-matrix interactions at the single molecule level / Florian Lauer. Betreuer: Marco Durante ; Tobias Meckel." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-45336.

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Dächert, Christopher [Verfasser], and Marco [Akademischer Betreuer] Binder. "Mathematical modeling of host cell determinants and pharmacological intervention in hepatitis c virus replication / Christopher Armin Dächert ; Betreuer: Marco Binder." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2020. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:16-heidok-285983.

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Lauer, Florian [Verfasser], Marco [Akademischer Betreuer] Durante, and Tobias [Akademischer Betreuer] Meckel. "Effects of ionizing radiation on cell-matrix interactions at the single molecule level / Florian Lauer. Betreuer: Marco Durante ; Tobias Meckel." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1111113165/34.

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Dächert, Christopher Armin [Verfasser], and Marco [Akademischer Betreuer] Binder. "Mathematical modeling of host cell determinants and pharmacological intervention in hepatitis c virus replication / Christopher Armin Dächert ; Betreuer: Marco Binder." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1213902428/34.

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Gaudin, Robert André [Verfasser], and Marco [Akademischer Betreuer] Blessmann. "Her2 expression and gene amplification is rarely detectable in patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas / Robert André Gaudin. Betreuer: Marco Blessmann." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1065805829/34.

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La, Fortezza Marco [Verfasser], and Anne-Kathrin [Akademischer Betreuer] Classen. "Stress signaling mediated changes to cell behavior in response to wounding and tumor growth / Marco La Fortezza ; Betreuer: Anne-Kathrin Classen." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1150644060/34.

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Al-Rubaye, Saba. "Radio network management in cognitive LTE-femtocell Systems." Thesis, Brunel University, 2013. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/11827.

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There is a strong uptake of femtocell deployment as small cell application platforms in the upcoming LTE networks. In such two-tier networks of LTE-femtocell base stations, a large portion of the assigned spectrum is used sporadically leading to underutilisation of valuable frequency resources. Novel spectrum access techniques are necessary to solve these current spectrum inefficiency problems. Therefore, spectrum management solutions should have the features to improve spectrum access in both temporal and spatial manner. Cognitive Radio (CR) with the Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) is considered to be the key technology in this research in order to increase the spectrum efficiency. This is an effective solution to allow a group of Secondary Users (SUs) to share the radio spectrum initially allocated to the Primary User (PUs) at no interference. The core aim of this thesis is to develop new cognitive LTE-femtocell systems that offer a 4G vision, to facilitate the radio network management in order to increase the network capacity and further improve spectrum access probabilities. In this thesis, a new spectrum management model for cognitive radio networks is considered to enable a seamless integration of multi-access technology with existing networks. This involves the design of efficient resource allocation algorithms that are able to respond to the rapid changes in the dynamic wireless environment and primary users activities. Throughout this thesis a variety of network upgraded functions are developed using application simulation scenarios. Therefore, the proposed algorithms, mechanisms, methods, and system models are not restricted in the considered networks, but rather have a wider applicability to be used in other technologies. This thesis mainly investigates three aspects of research issues relating to the efficient management of cognitive networks: First, novel spectrum resource management modules are proposed to maximise the spectrum access by rapidly detecting the available transmission opportunities. Secondly, a developed pilot power controlling algorithm is introduced to minimise the power consumption by considering mobile position and application requirements. Also, there is investigation on the impact of deploying different numbers of femtocell base stations in LTE domain to identify the optimum cell size for future networks. Finally, a novel call admission control mechanism for mobility management is proposed to support seamless handover between LTE and femtocell domains. This is performed by assigning high speed mobile users to the LTE system to avoid unnecessary handovers. The proposed solutions were examined by simulation and numerical analysis to show the strength of cognitive femtocell deployment for the required applications. The results show that the new system design based on cognitive radio configuration enable an efficient resource management in terms of spectrum allocation, adaptive pilot power control, and mobile handover. The proposed framework and algorithms offer a novel spectrum management for self organised LTE-femtocell architecture. Eventually, this research shows that certain architectures fulfilling spectrum management requirements are implementable in practice and display good performance in dynamic wireless environments which recommends the consideration of CR systems in LTE and femtocell networks.

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Wesseling, Mauro Carlos [Verfasser], and Ingolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Bernhardt. "Intracellular Ca2+ content and phosphatidylserine exposure in human red blood cells / Mauro Carlos Wesseling. Betreuer: Ingolf Bernhardt." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1111558353/34.

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Luft, Sabine [Verfasser], Marco [Akademischer Betreuer] Durante, and Paul G. [Akademischer Betreuer] Layer. "Impact of ionizing radiation on human embryonic stem cells / Sabine Luft. Betreuer: Marco Durante ; Paul G. Layer." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1111910359/34.

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Braun, Benedikt Johannes [Verfasser]. "The formyl peptide receptor like-1 and scavenger receptor MARCO are involved in glial cell activation in bacterial meningitis / Benedikt Johannes Braun." Aachen : Hochschulbibliothek der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1051428076/34.

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Haghverdi, Laleh [Verfasser], Fabian J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Theis, Mauro [Gutachter] Maggioni, Fabian J. [Gutachter] Theis, and Massimo [Gutachter] Fornasier. "Geometric Diffusions for Reconstruction of Cell Differentiation Dynamics / Laleh Haghverdi ; Gutachter: Mauro Maggioni, Fabian J. Theis, Massimo Fornasier ; Betreuer: Fabian J. Theis." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1149252243/34.

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Grison, Marco [Verfasser], Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Rief, and Andreas [Gutachter] Bausch. "Single-molecule cohesion and adhesion in muscle cells / Marco Grison ; Gutachter: Andreas Bausch, Matthias Rief ; Betreuer: Matthias Rief." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1135385661/34.

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Syzonenko, Tatyana [Verfasser], Gisela [Akademischer Betreuer] Taucher-Scholz, and Marco [Akademischer Betreuer] Durante. "Investigations to the DNA resection regulation of ion-induced DSBs in G1 cells and the resection limitations of the cells in quiescent state / Tatyana Syzonenko ; Gisela Taucher-Scholz, Marco Durante." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1160675090/34.

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Ensari, Yunus Verfasser], Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] [Schwaneberg, and Marco [Akademischer Betreuer] Oldiges. "Synthesis of oxo-fatty acid esters in a whole cell cascade reaction with engineered monooxygenase (P450 BM3) and dehydrogenase (cpADH5) variants / Yunus Ensari ; Ulrich Schwaneberg, Marco Oldiges." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/116327609X/34.

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Ensari, Yunus [Verfasser], Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Schwaneberg, and Marco [Akademischer Betreuer] Oldiges. "Synthesis of oxo-fatty acid esters in a whole cell cascade reaction with engineered monooxygenase (P450 BM3) and dehydrogenase (cpADH5) variants / Yunus Ensari ; Ulrich Schwaneberg, Marco Oldiges." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/116327609X/34.

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Paluwatta, Muhandiramalage Niwedhie Jayangika Muhandiram. "Mapping the immunological receptors CD14 and macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO) and their innate recognition potential on trophoblast cells : relevance for human pregnancy." Thesis, University of Essex, 2016. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/17564/.

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The feto-maternal interface is vital to promote growth and development of the placenta while maintaining tolerance and surveillance through the immune system. Pathogens are detected through pattern recognition receptors, which have a key role in the innate recognition by transducing signals from pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Lipopolysaccharide, a PAMP of Gram-negative bacterium, is recognized by the Toll-like receptor. Cluster of differentiation (CD) 14 and macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO) are key players in innate recognition. The hypothesis derived from the above is that MARCO might be expressed on trophoblast cells and plays a valuable role in association with CD14. The interaction of CD14 and MARCO was explored with the use of confocal microscopy which showed physical associations, most likely contributing to their function at the feto-maternal interface. Trophoblast responses to LPS indicated a significant role in regulating the expression of CD14 and MARCO and NF-κB translocation and activation. It was also hypothesized a correlation between the down-regulation of Myoferlin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and the decreased cell proliferation of trophoblast cells upon treatment with LPS. Myoferlin and VEGF quantification estimated by flow cytometry and western blotting showed significant decrease in LPS treated JEG-3 cells in time and dose dependent manner. The cell proliferation assay revealed a significant decrease in trophoblast cell growth of LPS treatment suggesting it is associated with the decrease of Myoferlin of which the expression is reported to be correlated with VEGF. These data suggest that CD14 and MARCO can be modulated and thus might contribute to feto-maternal tolerance and surveillance preventing pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia.

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46

Helm, Alexander [Verfasser], Marco [Akademischer Betreuer] Durante, and Paul G. [Akademischer Betreuer] Layer. "Influence of High- and Low-LET Radiation on the Cardiac Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells / Alexander Helm. Betreuer: Marco Durante ; Paul G. Layer." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1107771633/34.

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47

Shreder, Kateryna [Verfasser], Marco [Akademischer Betreuer] Durante, and Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Thiel. "Impact of ionizing radiation on adipokine-induced inflammation in musculoskeletal diseases (MSD): Investigations in primary cells and MSD patients / Kateryna Shreder ; Marco Durante, Gerhard Thiel." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1139844075/34.

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Bassols, Casadevall Judit. "Cultiu de les cèl·lules epididimàries de "Sus domesticus": anàlisi estructural, funcional i proteòmic." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7927.

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En aquest treball s'han desenvolupat dos mètodes simples i ràpids pel cultiu de les cèl·lules epitelials de les tres regions de l'epidídim de Sus domesticus. Un es basa en el cultiu de fragments del túbul epididimari intactes durant 8 dies. L'altre mètode es basa en el cultiu de fragments del túbul epididimari digerits amb col·lagenasa que, després de 7 dies, donen lloc a la formació d'una monocapa de cèl·lules epitelials epididimàries que adquireixen el 90-100% de confluència després de 12-16 dies en cultiu. Aquestes cèl·lules es mantenen viables durant més de 60 dies en cultiu i no s'observa proliferació de cèl·lules no epitelials. Per determinar el nivell de conservació de les característiques epididimàries en els cultius s'ha analitzat l'estructura cel·lular, l'activitat de síntesi i secreció proteica, i el manteniment i maduració dels espermatozoides en cocultiu.
In this work, we have developed two simple and quick methods for the culture of boar epididymal epithelial cells. The first one involves the culture of intact epididymal tubule fragments during 8 days. The second one involves the culture of epididymal tubule fragments digested with collagenase that, after 7 days in culture, allows the formation of an epididymal epithelial cell monolayer that reached 90-100% confluence after 12-16 days. These epididymal epithelial cells monolayers were maintained in vitro for more than 60 days and overgrowth of non-epithelial cells was not observed. To estimate the level of preservation of epididymal characteristics in these cultures we have focused on cell morphology, protein secretion activity, and sperm preservation and maturation.

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Mühlemann, Markus [Verfasser], Marco [Gutachter] Metzger, Heike [Gutachter] Walles, and Frank [Gutachter] Edenhofer. "Intestinal stem cells and the Na+D-Glucose Transporter SGLT1: potential targets regarding future therapeutic strategies for diabetes / Markus Mühlemann ; Gutachter: Marco Metzger, Heike Walles, Frank Edenhofer." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1170061648/34.

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Richter, Marco [Verfasser], Roland [Akademischer Betreuer] Lauster, Katrin [Akademischer Betreuer] Zeilinger, Roland [Gutachter] Lauster, Katrin [Gutachter] Zeilinger, and Jens [Gutachter] Kurreck. "Investigation of experimental cell lines and non-invasive online sensor technologies in a 3D bioreactor system for extracorporeal liver support therapy / Marco Richter ; Gutachter: Roland Lauster, Katrin Zeilinger, Jens Kurreck ; Roland Lauster, Katrin Zeilinger." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1156010543/34.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Macro cell'

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