Academic literature on the topic 'Macanese culture'
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Journal articles on the topic "Macanese culture"
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Chan, Catherine S. "Macau martyr or Portuguese traitor? The Macanese communities of Macau, Hong Kong and Shanghai and the Portuguese nation." Historical Research 93, no. 262 (November 1, 2020): 754–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hisres/htaa027.
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Abstract This article rethinks a Luso-Asian community that existing literature has termed ‘Portuguese’ or ‘Macanese’ by exploring the differences between the Macanese communities of Macau, Hong Kong and Shanghai. It examines inter-port debates between 1926 and 1929 that triggered wide discussion in Portuguese and English-language newspapers regarding the political loyalty of the Macanese. Set against the framework of a burgeoning print capitalism and vibrant associational culture in Asia’s port-cities, the article argues that varying urban circumstances and political structures influenced the negotiation of the Macanese between imperial, civic and colonial identities to eventually construct three new imagined communities.
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Xie, Jingzhen. "French Perceptions of Macau as Place and Space in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries." Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques 49, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/hrrh.2023.490104.
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Abstract Using eyewitness accounts by some French writers who sojourned in Macau during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, this article investigates Macanese history from French perspectives. Attention is given to history, culture, and literature within writers’ interpretations. A distinct feature of Macanese history in this period is a story of the conflict between changed and unchanged, glory and decline, temporariness and timelessness. Imbued with admiration, reminiscence, and critique, the observations made by the French writers form a unique panoramic view over Macau. Such observations illustrate how Western culture examined itself, here represented as Portuguese culture, and the manifestations of this particular culture after being transplanted into another country far from the homeland. Integration of French perspectives can enhance the writing of Macanese history by providing particular insights and literary discernment.
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Neto, Félix, Adrian Furnham, and Regina Paz. "Sex and culture differences in perceptions of estimated multiple intelligence for self and family: A Macanese–Portuguese comparison." International Journal of Psychology 42, no. 2 (April 2007): 124–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207590600831904.
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Jingwen, Wang, and Liang Mingzhu. "Characteristics of visitor expenditure in Macao and their impact on its economic growth." Tourism Economics 24, no. 2 (January 11, 2018): 218–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354816617749352.
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This article assesses the economic impact of visitor expenditure in Macao and the impacts of major expense types to the visitor expenditure. As consumption habits are changing gradually, which can be reflected in the consumption habits of the tourists, we concentrate on the characteristics of visitor expenditure to analyze the factors that drive up the consumption. This article analyzes the relative statistical indicators from 2010 to 2016 in Macao using the ordinary least squares method. According to empirical analysis of this study, 1 Macanese Patacas (MOP) of visitor expenditure can create 7.896 MOP in additional gross domestic product (GDP) in Macao. Moreover, “transportation” and “shopping” present obvious equal status on the pulling function to the visitor expenditure, which indicates that a better transportation system can increase more consumption opportunities. The items of “shopping” and “cosmetics and perfume” have a distinctively high pulling function to the visitor expenditure. This indicates that the power of female consumer group should be emphasized. Compared with other commodities, we observed the obvious pulling function of “local food products,” which shows that the culture-based tourism experience will be helpful to promote the visitor expenditure. In discussing the results, relevant suggestions for developing the diversified tourism in Macao are presented in the article.
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Gaspar, Marisa C. "Identity Ambivalence among the Eurasian Macanese: Historical Dynamics, Political Regimes and Eating Practices." Lusotopie 19, no. 2 (June 4, 2021): 263–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17683084-12341760.
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Abstract This article focuses on the case study of an ethnically and culturally mixed Eurasian Macanese community through their phenomenological experience of identity ambivalence. Our thematic framework includes the structural impact of colonial and postcolonial political regimes in Macao, historical influences on contemporary identity and sociocultural expressions of creolisation. It is argued that the Macanese people illustrate the memory of the ambivalent encounter between the two extremities of the Eurasia (China and Portugal) which started in the 16th-c. and never ceased moving forces to the present day. Furthermore, in the context of fieldwork with the Macanese community in Portugal, an ethnographic approach helps reveal the ambivalent dynamics of similarities and differentiation with respect to food practices and commensality as expressed over dinner by a group of close friends in Lisbon.
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Isabel Murta Pina. "Two Macanese Jesuits in the China Mission: The Fernandes / Zhong 鍾 Brothers." Journal of Asian History 48, no. 1 (2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.13173/jasiahist.48.1.0001.
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Calabrese, Armando, Guendalina Capece, Francesca Di Pillo, and Federico Martino. "Cultural adaptation of web design services as critical success factor for business excellence." Cross Cultural Management 21, no. 2 (April 29, 2014): 172–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccm-09-2012-0070.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine whether cultural backgrounds of nations are expressed through the web design of their companies. Actually, it investigates whether, in countries characterized by the same cultural matrix and language but by different national backgrounds, the cultural specificities of a country are a critical success factor for web design and enablers of business excellence. Design/methodology/approach – Starting from a deep literature review, four research hypotheses on the relationship between cultural background and web design are formulated. By employing both the content analysis and the cross-tabulation methodology, these hypotheses are tested. Findings – Brazilian, Portuguese, Angolan and Macanese web sites show that companies operating in these countries are aware that cultural background is a necessary success factor to consider for improving cross-cultural management of computer-mediated communication. Indeed, the findings confirm that the internet is not a culturally neutral communication medium. By providing evidences of web site cultural adaptation, this study supports the use of a targeted approach to web site design and provides managerial guidelines for improving business excellence of companies’ online environment. Originality/value – The paper offers insights into the topic of a culturally adapted computer-mediated communication for improving consumer experience.
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Amoroso Castro, Gabriela, María Elena Calle Calle, and Mónica Rosales Namicela. "Relación entre Productividad e Ingresos en el Sector Macanero del Cantón Gualaceo, Provincia del Azuay." Killkana Social 2, no. 3 (October 4, 2018): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.26871/killkana_social.v2i3.345.
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Esta investigación se realizó dando continuidad a un análisis, en el que se relacionaron las variables de ingresos y canales de comercialización de los artesanos macaneros; al considerar que los ingresos que perciben, no corresponden al esfuerzo, tiempos de dedicación, valor agregado, transferencia del conocimiento ancestral intergeneracional, entre otros; se abordó la temática con el objetivo, de analizar la relación entre la productividad y los ingresos que genera la actividad artesanal del tejido de macanas de las parroquias de Bullcay y Bullzhún del cantón Gualaceo; ubicado en la provincia del Azuay – Ecuador. Se enmarca dentro de la línea de investigación de la economía social y solidaria, con enfoque cuantitativo de tipo no experimental – transversal y descriptivo, porque analiza la relación entre las variables de productividad e ingresos asociados a la edad de los 36 artesanos macaneros considerados como universo de estudio y el tiempo de dedicación a la actividad. Entre los principales resultados se pudo apreciar que el índice de correlación de Pearson entre la edad de los artesanos y la cantidad de unidades producidas es muy débil al ser ρ = -0,182. El índice de productividad es de 0,043 ud./h, lo que equivale a la producción de 7 macanas por mes que genera un ingreso mensual de 238 USD, valor inferior al de un salario básico unificado. El índice de productividad obtenido refleja la realidad del sector que desarrolla una actividad artesanal manual que demanda mayor tiempo de dedicación y no existe el reconocimiento al valor intangible como conocimiento y cultura, en términos monetarios en el mercado.
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Suárez, José. "Exoticism, Cultural Hybridity, and Subaltern Identity in Three Macanese Novels." Journal of Lusophone Studies 13 (April 1, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.21471/jls.v13i0.10.
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Although the novels of Austin Coates, Henrique de Senna Fernandes, and Rodrigo Leal de Carvalho’s depict life in the former Portuguese colony of Macau, their individual perspectives reflect a contrast between literary colonialism and coloniality. A British public servant, Coates perceives Macanese reality through the competing biased eyes of an Englishman resenting Portuguese culture and administration in the colony; Leal de Carvalho, a Portuguese resident of Macau, romantically depicts the social nature of Portuguese colonialism; Senna Fernandes, a native Macanese educated in Portugal, orders his interpretation of the colony’s Eurasian inhabitants vis-à-vis its Chinese population. The aim of this article is to contrast the literary representation of three issues in Coates’s City of Broken Promises, Fernandes’s The Bewitching Braid, and Carvalho’s The Count and his Theree Wives: exoticism, cultural hybridity, and subaltern identity.
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CHAN, CATHERINE S. "Cosmopolitan Visions and Intellectual Passions: Macanese publics in British Hong Kong." Modern Asian Studies, May 6, 2021, 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x21000020.
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Abstract From the lens of two Macanese publics, this study rethinks cosmopolitanism as a diverse identity and pursuit that can vary from one individual to another. It complicates what we know about polyglot Asian publics often profiled as ‘cosmopolitan’ for their foreign education, middle-class status, social commitment, and internationalist visions. I argue that, while these subjects shared a common background, they diverged according to shifting global contexts, generational differences, and personal experience. On a par with imagining themselves as part of a global community, cosmopolitan publics navigated between personal worlds and communal networks, as well as between a narrower nationalist and/or urban context and a broader global framework. My first subject, Macao-born Lourenço Pereira Marques, saw Hong Kong as a liberal ground to disseminate Darwinism across southern China's Lusophone public sphere during the 1880s, whereas Hong Kong-born José Pedro Braga worked to preach an internationalist vision of racial equality through a wider Anglophone public sphere and an emerging transnational associational culture in the early twentieth century. This study also aims to further our understanding regarding Hong Kong as a vibrant port city and explore the diversity of cosmopolitan publics in the context of transitioning internal and external worlds.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Macanese culture"
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Koo, Barnabas Hon-Mun, University of Western Sydney, of Arts Education and Social Sciences College, and School of Humanities. "The Survival of an endangered species : the Macanese in contemporary Macau." THESIS_CAESS_HUM_Koo_B.xml, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/637.
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The decolonisation of Macau on 20 December 1999 marked a powerful transition for the small Macanese community. Prior to transfer of sovereignty, there have been grave concerns for the survival of these miscegenic descendants of the Portuguese settlers who came to China some five hundred years ago. Many feared that there would be a mass exodus similar to that which overtook the former Portuguese colonies in Africa and East Timor, and that the Macanese future would be threatened by the process of Sinicisation – in short, that they are a dying race. This thesis examines such fears using a combination of newspaper survey, extensive fieldwork and repeat interviews. The outcome of the research shows that despite the dire prognostication, the community has survived the first five years of Chinese rule in robust form; the feared exodus did not eventuate and there has been no death to speak of. In the post-colonial environment, the Constitutions (Macau Basic Law) obliges the government to respect Macanese customs and cultural traditions and to protect their rights – at least for fifty years. The Macanese community in Macau is likely to continue to transform itself and adapt to a changing environment. It is likely that the transformation will occur over a long period of time, representing generations, perhaps centuries not decades. It is then more appropriate to view the Macanese community in Macau as an endangered – not dying – speciesDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Koo, Barnabas Hon-Mun. "The Survival of an endangered species : the Macanese in contemporary Macau." Thesis, View thesis, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/637.
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The decolonisation of Macau on 20 December 1999 marked a powerful transition for the small Macanese community. Prior to transfer of sovereignty, there have been grave concerns for the survival of these miscegenic descendants of the Portuguese settlers who came to China some five hundred years ago. Many feared that there would be a mass exodus similar to that which overtook the former Portuguese colonies in Africa and East Timor, and that the Macanese future would be threatened by the process of Sinicisation – in short, that they are a dying race. This thesis examines such fears using a combination of newspaper survey, extensive fieldwork and repeat interviews. The outcome of the research shows that despite the dire prognostication, the community has survived the first five years of Chinese rule in robust form; the feared exodus did not eventuate and there has been no death to speak of. In the post-colonial environment, the Constitutions (Macau Basic Law) obliges the government to respect Macanese customs and cultural traditions and to protect their rights – at least for fifty years. The Macanese community in Macau is likely to continue to transform itself and adapt to a changing environment. It is likely that the transformation will occur over a long period of time, representing generations, perhaps centuries not decades. It is then more appropriate to view the Macanese community in Macau as an endangered – not dying – species
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Lei, Sio-lin. "The application of the linguistic relativity thesis to the situation in Macao : the reflection of Chinese religious culture in Macanese lexical items /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23472959.
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Lei, Sio-lin, and 李少蓮. "The application of the linguistic relativity thesis to the situation in Macao: the reflection of Chinese religiousculture in Macanese lexical items." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31953128.
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Sergio, Vanessa. "Macao : vie culturelle et littéraire d’expression portugaise au milieu du XXe siècle : Luís Gonzaga Gomes, ‘Fils de la Terre’." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100158/document.
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Dans quelle mesure les années 50 marquent-elles un renouveau dans la vie culturelle et littéraire de Macao, incarné par une élite locale d’intellectuels portugais et macanais, dans un espace profondément colonial, quels en sont les enjeux ? Ce renouveau culturel qui s’exprime à travers la presse et diverses manifestations culturelles locales, s’articule avec la revendication d’une identité macanaise, qui s’inscrit dans la culture portugaise au sens large (le discours colonial n’étant jamais bien loin). Derrière cette revendication identitaire, au sortir de la Seconde guerre mondiale, se cache une lutte pour la survie du territoire, sous le regard critique de la communauté internationale. Ce nouveau souffle apporté à la vie culturelle et littéraire de Macao se traduit dans l’échange interculturel luso-chinois, comme l’illustre l’œuvre de Luís Gonzaga Gomes. Ce ‘Fils de la Terre’, vecteur de cet échange, incarne la vocation et l’esprit macanais : servir de ‘pont’ entre deux cultures, deux civilisations. Son œuvre permet la transition entre un environnement culturel colonial et un environnement culturel postcolonial ou le passage d’un discours nationaliste et égocentrique à un discours plus tolérant, tourné vers l’autre et ouvert sur le monde ‘non lusophone’. Néanmoins, ce nouveau discours se heurte à des limites imposées par le contexte politique et la mentalité de l’époqueTo what extent do the 50s mark a renewal in Macao’s culture and literature which is embodied by local intellectual Portuguese and Macanese elites in a deeply colonial space? What are their outcomes? This cultural renewal, expressed through the mass media and various local cultural events, is expressed with the claim of a Macanese identity which has been part of the Portuguese culture in the broad sense (the colonial discourse has never been very far). At the end of the Second World War, this identity claim bears in its layers a struggle for the survival of the territory, under the international community’s critical scrutiny. This new lease brought to the cultural and literary life of Macao is reflected in the Luso-Chinese cultural exchange, as it is illustrated in Luís Gonzaga Gomes’ work. This Son of Macao, who is a vector of this exchange, embodies the Macanese vocation and spirit: providing a bridge between two cultures, between two civilizations. His work makes the transition from a colonial cultural environment to a postcolonial cultural environment possible; where lies a crossing from a nationalist and egocentric speech to a more tolerant one, turning towards the other and open to the non-Lusophone/Portuguese world. However, this new discourse is facing limitations imposed by the political context and the mentality of the time
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Larrea, Y. Eusebio Maria Elisabela. "Macanese in the global network : a study of post-colonial Macanese cultural identity performance." Thesis, University of Macau, 2008. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1874110.
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Wan, Teng Long. "Reconstructing cultural identity through translation : a case study of the Chinese and English translations of a Macanese novel." Thesis, University of Macau, 2010. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2178648.
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Chan, Si Man. "A study of Macanese music through Tuna Macaense Group in a postcolonial perspective (1935-2017)." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/24432.
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It has been several centuries since the “Age of Discoveries” of Portugal, but the results of this past still exist in some places of the world where Portuguese had passed by. Those results are mainly related to Catholicism, music and language. Macau was one of the colonies of Portugal but after the transfer of sovereignty to China, Macau didn‟t become an independent country. It was integrated into China and had become one of the special administrative regions of China. In Macau different kind of communities are living, namely, the Chinese, the
Portuguese and the Macanese. In the last one we have people who define themselves as Portuguese-Macanese and others who prefer to be identified as Chinese-Macanese. This dissertation is dedicated to the role of music in the context of the Portuguese-Macanese who can be distinguished from the other communities by a singular cuisine, music and language. The language Patuá is a distinctive Creole and was classified as a “critically endangered” language by the UNESCO in 2009. The Portuguese-Macanese is making effort to keep this language alive and one of the ways is through music. Music is one of the specialities of the Portuguese-Macanese community and tuna is one of the icons of the Portuguese-Macanese music. Tuna Macaense was formed in 1935. It is the unique remaining tuna in Macau nowadays and the members are still producing new music to keep the band fresh. Patuá in their generation was already not wildly used but they still use their limited Patuá or taking the elements from the Patuá poems to fill in the lyrics in order to keep this language alive. As the average age of the members is about 60, after their generation, the Portuguese-Macanese music may not be existed or would become another thing. In this dissertation, I will describe the history of Tuna Macaense and the processes through which this musical group is using music in order to retain language in a social post-traumatic context.Já havia vários séculos desda a Era dos Descobrimentos de Portugal, mas, comunidades misturas ainda estão existe e funcionam em alguns lugares no mundo onde os portugueses passaram. Um dos identidades icónicas destas comunidades está sempre associada com o catolicismoe os outros podem ser a música e a língua. Macau foi uma das colónias de Portugal mas depois da Transferência de soberania, Macau não se tornou um país independente. Macau foi integrado na China e tornou-se uma das regiões administrativas especiais da China. Enquanto a comunidade português-macaense em Macau tem os ambos elementos portugueses e chineses, a cultura foi naturalmente formada, e foi transformado em uma mistura étnica com uma cozinha, uma música e uma língua singular, etc. A língua Patuá é um crioulo distinto e foi classificado como uma língua “criticamente ameaçada” pela UNESCO em 2009. O português-macaense está a fazer um esforço para manter esta língua viva e uma das maneiras é através da música. A música é uma das especialidades da comunidade português-macaense e a tuna é um dos ícones da música portuguesa-macaense. A Tuna Macaense foi formada em 1935. Hoje em dia, é a tuna única que está em Macau e os membros continuam a produzir novas músicas para manter a banda viva. O Patuá em geração deles já não estava muito usado, mas eles ainda usam seu limitado patuá ou pegam os elementos dos poemas do Patuá para preencher as letras, a fim de manter essa língua viva. Como a idade média dos membros é de cerca de 60 anos, após a geração deles, a música português-macaense pode não existir ou tornar-se à outra coisa. Nesta dissertação, vou descrever a história da Tuna Macaense e os processos que este grupo musical está a usar a música, a fim de manter a língua em um contexto social pós-traumático.
Mestrado em Música
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Gaspar, Marisa Cristina dos Santos. "Macau Sá Filo: memória, identidade e ambivalência na comunidade euroasiática Macaense." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/6398.
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Na atual fase de pós-transição de soberania de poderes e recente estabelecimento da Região
Administrativa Especial de Macau da República Popular da China (RAEM), procurei
compreender como na contemporaneidade os macaenses (indivíduos e comunidade),
historicamente associados ao projeto colonial português em Macau, têm respondido – nos
seus múltiplos posicionamentos entre “os seus semelhantes” e “os outros” – ao profundo
impacto que esta mudança provocou nas dinâmicas do grupo. Esta dissertação aborda a
comunidade euroasiática macaense – os filhos de Macau (Macau sá filo, no dialeto crioulo
macaense patuá) – e as suas redes de atores e interações sociais. Analisa a “trama” da
construção de identidades e respetivas memórias que sustentam essas identidades
“imaginadas”, inseridas em processos políticos e económicos complexos, simultaneamente
locais e globais. Foca três redes de atores sociais em ação: (1) as elites macaenses e os seus
projetos de engenharia cultural em curso na RAEM; (2) a anónima e dispersa “diáspora
macaense” e as suas práticas em torno de uma certa perpetuação comunitária; (3) e o Partido
dos Comes e Bebes (PCB), grupo informal de macaenses residentes em Portugal. É
argumentado que a produção de uma identidade étnica e cultural macaense é um fenómeno
emergente num espaço contraditório e ambivalente que, em muito, ultrapassa a visão
reducionista do mero exotismo da diversidade cultural e torna obsoletas as conceções de
“pureza” e hierarquia das culturas.In Macao’s current post-transition period of sovereignty and power, and following the recent establishment of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China (Macao SAR), I try to understand how Macanese (individuals and community), historically associated with the Portuguese colonial project in Macao, have been reacting – in their multiple positionalities between ‘themselves’ and ‘the others’ – to the profound impact that this major change has had on their group dynamics. This dissertation is about the Eurasian Macanese community – ‘sons and daughters of the soil of Macao’ (Macau sá filo, in patuá, or the Macanese Creole dialect) – and their actors’ networks and social interactions. I analyze the ‘plot’ underlying the construction of identities and correspondent memories that sustain these ‘imagined’ identities, which are inserted in simultaneously local and global political and economic processes of great complexity. I focus on three social actors’ networks in action: (1) the Macanese elites and their ongoing projects of cultural engineering in the Macao SAR; (2) the anonymous and scattered ‘Macanese diaspora’ and their practices in favour of a certain kind of community perpetuation; and (3) the Food and Drink Party (PCB), an informal group of Macanese living in Portugal. It is argued that the production of an ethnic and cultural Macanese identity is a phenomenon that emerges in a contradictory and ambivalent space, thus superseding the reductionist view of cultural diversity as mere exoticism, and rendering conceptions of cultural ‘purity’ and cultural hierarchy obsolete.
Books on the topic "Macanese culture"
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Chan, Catherine. The Macanese Diaspora in British Hong Kong. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463729253.
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Diaspora transformed the urban terrain of colonial societies, creating polyglot worlds out of neighborhoods, workplaces, recreational clubs and public spheres. It was within these spaces that communities reimagined and reshaped their public identities vis-à-vis emerging government policies and perceptions from other communities. Through a century of Macanese activities in British Hong Kong, this book explores how mixed-race diasporic communities survived within unequal, racialized and biased systems beyond the colonizer-colonized dichotomy. Originating from Portuguese Macau yet living outside the control of the empire, the Macanese freely associated with more than one identity and pledged allegiance to multiple communal, political and civic affiliations. They drew on colorful imaginations of the Portuguese and British empires in responding to a spectrum of changes encompassing Macau’s woes, Hong Kong’s injustice, Portugal’s political transitions, global developments in print culture and the rise of new nationalisms during the inter-war period.
Book chapters on the topic "Macanese culture"
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Xie, Jingzhen. "What Was Macao and Who Were the Macanese?" In Chinese Literature and Culture in the World, 19–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94665-4_3.
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Chan, Catherine S. "Prologue: Between Empires." In The Macanese Diaspora in British Hong Kong. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463729253_prol.
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The colonial histories of mixed-race diasporic communities have often been linked to narratives of policy discrimination, strategic collaboration and collective resistance. Deviating from these themes, the experience of the Macanese diaspora in British Hong Kong offers us an opportunity to observe the constructions of race, class and culture as more nuanced than the colonizer–colonized polarity usually allows. Through the lenses of transimperial migration, identity contestation and cosmopolitanism and transnationalism, the collective biographies of middle-class Macanese individuals in this book combine to demonstrate the resilience of mixed-race diasporic communities in the face of normative reality and uncover the liberties they exercised on foreign soil in the search for wider opportunities, a better life, social status and power.
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"Darwinism, Freemasonry and print culture: the construction of identity of the Macanese colonial elites in the late nineteenth century." In Macao - The Formation of a Global City, 89–107. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203797242-13.
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Chan, Catherine S. "Epilogue: A Place in the Sun." In The Macanese Diaspora in British Hong Kong. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463729253_epil.
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As the Second World War unfolded in Hong Kong, it created various crises that intensified pre-existing racial tensions in the colony. In exchange for the liberties and safety of being ‘neutral’ or third nationals, Anglicized Macanese rushed to revoke their British status in favor of Portuguese certificates. Some sought refuge in Macau, where they would live, perhaps for the first time ever, side-by-side with Macanese subjects who were different in terms of cultural and political orientation. Despite acquiring Portuguese status, three Anglophile Macanese—Eddie Gosano, Leo d’Almada e Castro and Clotilde Barretto—continued to work for the British government, risking their lives for the BAAG. The Epilogue ends with the aftermath of the war and a reappraisal of the resilience of identity.
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"Chapter 4. Our Cultural Heritage: Macanese Cuisine and the Patuá Theatre." In Heirs of the Bamboo, 117–48. Berghahn Books, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781789208924-009.
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Wright, Barry. "Cognitive and Behavioral Complications of Deafness." In Cognitive and Behavioral Abnormalities of Pediatric Diseases. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195342680.003.0064.
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The prevalence of profound deafness in the United Kingdom is reported as 9 per 10,000 in 3-year-olds to 16 per 10,000 in 9- to 16-year-olds, although it is estimated that these figures may be higher because of possible under-diagnosing (Fortnum et al. 2001). In England and Scotland, approximately 13 in 10,000 children have a permanent hearing impairment of 40 dB or more (moderate to profound) across the frequencies 500–4,000 Hz (Fortnum and Davis, 1997; Fortnum, 2003; Kennedy and McCann, 2008; MacAndie et al. 2003) and in 11 in 10,000 this loss is congenital. The remainder are acquired or progressive. Profound impairment (≥95 dB loss) occurs in 2.4 per 10,000. Bilateral sensorineural deafness had a prevalence of 21 per 10,000 in a Finnish birth cohort (1974–1987) (Vartiainen, Kemppinen, and Karjalainen 1997). A survey in the general population in Sichuan, China, found a prevalence of 1.9 per 1,000 profound deafness (Liu et al. 1993). Table 44.1 shows the World Health Organization (WHO) and British Society of Audiology definitions of degrees of deafness. Sensorineural deafness involves problems either in hair cell function in the cochlear or in the nerve transmission of sound. For bilateral sensorineural deafness, the diagnosis is made at variable ages in health systems in which there is no universal neonatal screening. This varies across cultures, but can still be surprisingly late even in modern health systems. One study of 106 children with bilateral sensorineural deafness showed a mean age for first diagnosis at 42 months (median 33 months) of age, with a range from 4 months to 11 years of age (Walch 2003). In another study in Glasgow, Scotland (Chaurasia and Geddes, 2008), only 50% of early childhood deafness presented before 2 years of age. Conductive deafness involves problems with sound travelling from the outer ear, through the middle ear, to the cochlear. The commonest cause is otitis media (“glue ear”), with losses usually in the mild to moderate range. About half of children between 2 and 4 years will have at least one episode of otitis media with effusion (OME) (Zielhuis, Rach, and Van den Brock 1990).