Relevant bibliographies by topics / M-aramid

Academic literature on the topic 'M-aramid'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "M-aramid"

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Opwis, Klaus, Bilal Celik, Rainer Benken, Dierk Knittel, and Jochen Stefan Gutmann. "Dyeing of m-Aramid Fibers in Ionic Liquids." Polymers 12, no. 8 (August 14, 2020): 1824. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12081824.

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Aramids represent a class of high-performance fibers with outstanding properties and manifold technical applications, e.g., in flame-retardant protective clothing for firefighters and soldiers. However, the dyeing of aramid fibers is accompanied by several economic and ecological disadvantages, resulting in a high consumption of water, energy and chemicals. In this study, a new and innovative dyeing procedure for m-aramid fibers using ionic liquids (ILs) is presented. The most relevant parameters of IL-dyed fibers, such as tensile strength, elongation and fastness towards washing, rubbing and light, were determined systematically. In summary, all aramid textiles dyed in ILs show similar or even better results than the conventionally dyed samples. In conclusion, we have successfully paved the way for a new, eco-friendly and more sustainable dyeing process for aramids in the near future.
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Wakatsuki, Kaoru, Minami Matsubara, Norimichi Watanabe, Limin Bao, and Hideaki Morikawa. "Effects of m-Aramid/p-Aramid Blend Ratio on Tensile Strength due to UV Degradation for Firefighter Clothing Fabrics and Development of Predictive Equation for Tensile Strength." Polymers 14, no. 16 (August 9, 2022): 3241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14163241.

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This study focused on the m-Aramid/p-Aramid blend ratio of the fabrics, clarified the quantitative relationship between UV exposure and strength retention, and developed a mathematical model to calculate tensile strength from an arbitrary amount of UV exposure energy. The results of tensile strength tests before and after UV exposure showed that the decrease in tensile strength due to UV degradation depended on the combination of p-Aramid and m-Aramid blend percentages. Tensile strength for all blend ratios decreased exponentially with UV exposure energy and was within the range of results for fabrics with p-Aramid 100% and m-Aramid 100%. The retention fraction of tensile strength, which represents the tensile strength after UV exposure relative to the initial tensile strength, decreased exponentially with increasing the fraction of UV exposure energy for all fabrics used in this study. Fitting the retention fraction of tensile strength to the fraction of UV exposure energy, two groups of fabrics were classified based on m-Aramid blends of 40% or more and 60% or less. This model can predict the tensile strength of firefighter clothing fabrics that retain high mechanical strength when exposed to UV light and design the strength of firefighter clothing with consideration of degradation over time.
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Azam, Farooq, Kashif Iqbal, Faiza Safdar, Tanveer Hussain, Munir Ashraf, and Abdur Rehman. "An Investigation Into the Effect of Different Parameters on the Dyeing of High-Performance M-Aramid Fiber and Its Optimization." Clothing and Textiles Research Journal 38, no. 2 (August 26, 2019): 90–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887302x19870872.

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M-aramid fibers have very good flame-retardant properties and are mostly used in protective textiles such as racing or firefighter suits. The dyeing and fastness properties of m-aramid fibers are investigated in this article in a batch process to optimize dyeing parameters such as dye concentration, salt, swelling agent, and temperature. The exhaustion at an acidic pH, preferably in the range of 4–5, indicated good results. The color yield of m-aramid fibers was found to be dependent on the concentration of swelling agent, salt, and dye, as well as the dyeing temperature. The effect of swelling agent on the K/S of m-aramid fibers with cationic dyes, along with their fastness properties, is investigated and reported in detail.
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Lee, Jaewoong, R. M. Broughton, S. D. Worley, and T. S. Huang. "Antimicrobial Polymeric Materials; Cellulose and m-Aramid Composite Fibers." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 2, no. 4 (December 2007): 155892500700200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892500700200404.

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Cellulose and m-aramid were dissolved in an ionic liquid, and dry-jet wet spinning was employed to prepare composite fibers which could be rendered antimicrobial through exposure to chlorine bleach. The small domains of the m-aramid allowed a much higher accessibility and degree of chlorination than has been reported even for 100% m-aramid fibers. The mechanical properties including denier, tenacity, and strain at break were evaluated. The chlorinated composite fiber inactivated both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The antimicrobial activity was retained after repeated washing and recharging.
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Kim, Ji-Young, Ji-Won Jung, Sam-Soo Kim, and Jae-Woong Lee. "m-Aramid Films in Diverse Coagulants." Textile Coloration and Finishing 21, no. 4 (August 27, 2009): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5764/tcf.2009.21.4.063.

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Kim, Sam-Soo, Jeong-Eun Park, Da-Un Jung, Byeong-Joo Seo, Man-Woo Huh, and Jae-Woong Lee. "Improved Antimicrobial Efficacy of m-Aramid." Textile Coloration and Finishing 21, no. 5 (October 27, 2009): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5764/tcf.2009.21.5.058.

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Kim, Sam Soo, and Jaewoong Lee. "Antimicrobial Polyacrylonitrile/m-Aramid Hybrid Composite." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 52, no. 30 (July 19, 2013): 10297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie400636z.

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Zhao, Hui Fang, and Mei Yun Zhang. "Surface Modification of Poly (M-Phenylene isophthalamide) Fibers and its Effect on the Mechanical Properties of Aramid Sheets." Advanced Materials Research 314-316 (August 2011): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.314-316.205.

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In order to improve the bonding properties between poly (m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA) fibers and PMIA-pulp and to improve the mechanical strength of aramid sheets, PMIA fibers have been treated with various chemical modifying agents. The surface morphology of the treated fibers has been analyzed and the mechanical properties of aramid sheets made from the treated PMIA fibers and PMIA-pulp have been investigated. The results show that silane coupling agent modification, phosphoric acid modification and nitrification/reduction modification of PMIA fibers are all helpful for improving the tensile strength and tear strength of aramid sheets, however, they have different effect on the mechanical strength of aramid sheets, and the concentration of chemical modifying agents also has considerable influence on the surface properties of aramid fibers and the mechanical properites of aramid sheets. Aramid handsheets made from PMIA fibers treated with 20% phosphoric acid have the highest mechanical strength, and the tensile strength and tear strength of them are 23.4% and 31.6% higher than that of aramid handsheets made from untreated fibers, respectively, because the treated fiber surface has more oxygenous functional groups and is more rough than the untreated fiber surface.
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Lu, Zhaoqing, Yongsheng Zhao, Zhiping Su, Meiyun Zhang, and Bin Yang. "The Effect of Phosphoric Acid Functionalization of Para-aramid Fiber on the Mechanical Property of Para-aramid Sheet." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 13, no. 3 (September 2018): 155892501801300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501801300303.

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The mechanical properties of para-aramid sheet (PAS) are mainly dependent on the interfacial property between para-aramid chopped fibers and fibrids. However, the chemical inertness and smooth surface of para-aramid chopped fiber lead to the poor interfacial adhesion between para-aramid chopped fibers and fibrids. In this study, para-aramid chopped fiber was treated by phosphoric acid (PA) solution with different concentration in order to prepare PAS with high mechanical strength. It was shown that PA -treatment can increase the surface roughness and improve the surface oxygen-containing active groups of para-aramid chopped fibers. In addition, there is a critical value of PA-concentration (20%). Proper PA-treatment gives rise to an increased tensile strength of PAS from 2.41 to 3.41 kN/m by an increment of 41.49%. However, excessive PA -treatment results in a dramatic reduction of tensile strength for para-aramid fibers and also for PAS possibly due to the structure destruction of para-aramid fiber. This work shows a simple but highly-efficient approach for improving the mechanical property of PAS via PA-treatment of para-aramid chopped fibers, and simultaneously elaborating the reinforcing effects for high-performance PAS especially through optimizing the interfacial property between para-aramid chopped fibers and fibrids.
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Botan, Mihail, Constantin Georgescu, and Lorena Deleanu. "A Comparing Tribological Study of PBT and PBT with Aramid Fibers, for Block-on-Ring Dry Regime." Applied Mechanics and Materials 658 (October 2014): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.658.283.

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This paper presents a comparative study upon tribological behavior of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and a blend of PBT + This paper presents a comparative study upon tribological behavior of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and a blend of PBT + 10% aramid fibers, in dry regime. Some of the properties of PBT grade CRASTIN 6130 NC010®. The tested materials they were obtained by molding at ICEFS Savinesti Romania. The aramid fibers added into PBT were supplied by Teijin, and have an average length of 125 mm. Tests were done with the help of a block-on-ring tribotester. The tests parameters were: three normal forces (F = 5 N, F = 15 N and F = 30 N), three values of sliding speed (v = 0.25 m/s, v = 0.50 m/s and v = 0.75 m/s) and a sliding distance of L = 5000 m, in dry regime, each test characterized by (F, v, L) being done twice. The conclusion of this research was that adding short aramid fibers in PBT improves the wear resistance, but slightly increases the friction coefficient. Also, the recorded temperatures near the contact are higher for the blend with aramid fibers. SEM investigation revealed particular processes within superficial layers of polymeric blend.
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Book chapters on the topic "M-aramid"

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Kaplan, A. M., and L. V. Bezhikina. "On the Phase State of Poly-M-Phenylenisophtalamide in Aramid Paper." In MICC 90, 351–55. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3676-1_58.

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Dumas, Alexandre. "LXXXI the three lieutenants of the generalissimo." In Twenty Years After. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199537266.003.0082.

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According to arrangement Athos and Aramis, on leaving the Charlemagne Hêtel, took their way to the mansion of M. le Due de Bouillon.* The night was very dark; and although its silent hours were close at hand, yet still were...
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Dumas, Alexandre. "Civilians and Soldiers." In The Three Musketeers. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199538461.003.0016.

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On the day after these events had happened, as Athos had not returned to them, d’Artagnan and Porthos informed M. de Treville of his disappearance. As for Aramis, he had requested leave of absence for five days, and it was said that he was at...
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Conference papers on the topic "M-aramid"

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Mazzocchetti, Laura, Emanuele D’Angelo, Tiziana Benelli, Juri Belcari, Tommaso Maria Brugo, Andrea Zucchelli, and Loris Giorgini. "Poly-m-aramid nanofiber mats: Production for application as structural modifiers in CFRP laminates." In VIII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON “TIMES OF POLYMERS AND COMPOSITES”: From Aerospace to Nanotechnology. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4949591.

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Hull, Frazier, Jett Gambill, Andrew Hansche, Gian Agni, John Evangelista, Celia Powell, Margaret Auerbach, Joel Dillon, and O¨zer Arnas. "Engineering an Undergarment for Flash/Flame Protection." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63888.

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This paper presents a continuation of projects spanning the last two years. In year one, the physical characteristics and medical effects of burns and Improvised Explosive Device, IED, blasts were investigated [1]. In year two, the possible use of commercial intumescent materials with fabric was studied [2]. The identified needs for research into the effect of undergarments on burn protection are focused in this study. Additionally, Thermal Protective Performance, TPP-(ISO 17492) and Air Permeability, AP-(ASTM D737) tests were performed to gather the data needed for the analysis of flame and thermal resistance as well as comfort and breathability. Out of the seven samples evaluated, the Sample D, composed of 94% m-aramid, 5% p-aramid and 1% static dissipative fiber, shirt had the best overall performance in terms of air permeability, average TPP rating, and time to second degree burn. Another finding was that polyester undershirts may be dangerous in the event of a flash fire situation because the fabric could melt and stick to the Soldier’s skin causing more severe burn injury. Additionally, an initial framework for a basic mathematical model representing the system was created. This model can be further refined to yield more accurate results and eventually be used to help predict the material properties required in fabrics to design a more protective undergarment.
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GROBERT, STEFFEN, MARINA SEIDL, HEINER GEDON, STEFFEN PELDSCHUS, and OLIVER PESCHEL. "COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATIONS ON BALLISTIC BACKFACE DEFLECTIONS OF COMBAT HELMETS USING FORCE MEASUREMENT AND DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION." In 32ND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS. Destech Publications, Inc., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/ballistics22/36113.

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In the present work two different measurement methods are compared for the analysis of ballistic caused “dynamic backface deflections” (BFD): a conservative force measurement and an optical measurement with digital image correlation (DIC). An aramid fibre combat helmet, meeting the requirements of VPAM 3, was analysed with the two methods under the same ballistic conditions (frontal impact, 9 mm x 19 full metal jacket (FMJ); 410 m/s). The force measurement resulted in a cumulative total force of 7.2 kN. A maximum BFD of 22 mm at a maximum speed of 110 m/s was determined using the DIC method. Both methods showed a constant load duration respectively deformation duration of 0.5 ms while the noncontact DIC measurement method resulted in a 120% deeper permanent BFD. Considering the significant limitations of both methods, the force measurement method was evaluated as the more advantageous method for further analysis of realistic, ballistic caused blunt head loads.
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David, N. V., M. J. Jori Roslan, M. Qhairul Amri, I. Joel Ryan, and Raja Sundram. "V50 Ballistic Performance of Unidirectional Woven Basalt Fiber Laminated Composites." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-70903.

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Ballistic fabrics made from high performance fibers such as para-aramid (synthetic) and basalt (natural) fibers, and composites utilizing these fabrics, are among the leading materials for soft body armor systems. Modern military and other law enforcement operations are technology-driven with weapons and ammunition that demand a flexible, damage- and moisture-resistant, and lightweight ballistic fabrics with superior energy absorbing capacity. Basalt fibers, which are extracted from igneous volcanic rocks, are natural fibers with mechanical and thermo-physical properties that are generally comparable or superior to glass and other synthetic fibers at a lower cost. This gives basalt-based composites an edge over contemporary materials for potential application as anti-ballistic body armor. The aim of the present study is to experimentally determine the V50 performance and penetration resistance of unidirectional woven basalt fiber laminated composites with three different combinations of ply orientations [0°, 45° and 90°] at both CW and CCW directions and number of layers namely, B1 (7 layers), B2 (12 layers) and B3 (16 layers). The V50 performance test was conducted in accordance to the MIL-STD-662F standard using the Universal Test Gun (Prototypa UZ-2002). The V50 ballistic velocity is computed based on a minimum of six shots including three complete penetrations (CP) and three partial penetrations. The MIL-STD-662F standard stipulates that the value of ballistic limit protection should be less than 38 m/s for the purpose of computing V50. The V50 value for sample B1, that yielded to CP at 192 m/s and 172 m/s clean through to the witness plate, could not be determined. The V50 for samples B2 and B3 are 117 m/s and 153 m/s, respectively. The optimum number of layers of the basalt fabric to sustain the reference penetration velocity of 367 m/s corresponding to threat Level II of the NIJ Standard-0101.04 is calculated for each specimen for further study. The tensile properties and Shore-D hardness levels of the three samples are also measured and reported.
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David, N. V., A. Zurina, M. R. Aziz, M. N. Rafiq, M. Syafiq, and Raja Sundram. "Ballistic Penetration Performance of a Unidirectional Woven Basalt Fiber Laminated Protective Armor." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11162.

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Abstract Contemporary military and other law enforcement operations are technology-driven with weapons and ammunition that demand a flexible, damage- and moisture-resistant, and lightweight protective materials with superior energy absorbing capacity. Ballistic fabrics made from high performance synthetic fibers such as para-aramid and natural fibers including basalt, and composites utilizing these fabrics, are among the leading materials for armor systems. Basalt fibers, which are extracted from igneous volcanic rocks, are natural fibers with mechanical and thermo-physical properties that are generally comparable or superior to glass and other synthetic fibers at a lower cost. This gives basalt-based composites an edge over existing materials for potential application as anti-ballistic protective panels. The aim of the present study is to experimentally determine the V50 performance and penetration resistance of a unidirectional woven basalt fiber laminated epoxy system at three different combinations of ply orientations [0, 45 and 90 degrees at both CW and CCW directions] consisting of 48 layers of the woven fabric. The V50 performance test was conducted in accordance to the MIL-STD-662F standard using the Universal Test Gun model UZ-2002. The V50 ballistic velocity are computed based on a minimum of six shots including three complete penetrations and three partial penetrations. The optimum number of layers of the basalt fabric to sustain the reference penetration velocity of 367 m/s corresponding to threat level II of the NIJ Standard-0101.04 are calculated for the current test specimen for future development.
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