Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lysosomes'
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Ebrahim, Roshan. "Biogenesis of lysosomes in macrophages : intracellular pathway of lysosomal membrane protein to lysosomes." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3126.
Full textSalgues, Frédéric. "Ciblage des lysosomes pour la thérapie enzymatique substitutive ou pour la thérapie photodynamique." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20148.
Full textThe cation independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (CI-M6PR) allows the endocytosis and the transfer of molecules bearing the M6P marker to lysosomes. To improve both the affinity for the CI-M6PR and stability of the M6P residue, we carried out the synthesis of isosteric M6P analogues functionalized at the anomeric position to allow efficient coupling to molecules of therapeutic interest. First, the coupling on human recombinant enzymes was performed. The remodelling of the oligosaccharide part of the lysosomal enzyme GAA, whose deficiency is responsible for Pompe disease, helped to highlight the neoglycoGAA is recognized efficiently by CI-M6PR and its enzymatic activity is completely preserved. Second, the coupling of these analogues of M6P to porphyrins for photodynamic therapy of cancer was considered. The model developed in the mannose series has validated our strategy of ligation of saccharides to photosensitizers. The employed methods avoid the conventional steps of deprotection of saccharides after coupling. The biological study with the prepared glycosylporphyrins demonstrated the photoinduced cytotoxicity
Deng, Yuping. "Studies of intraorganelle dynamics : the lysosome, the pre-lysosomal compartment, and the golgi apparatus /." Diss., This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-134815/.
Full textBoutry, Maxime. "Dysfonctions des lysosomes et neurodégénérescence : l'exemple de la paraplégie spastique de type SPG11." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066295/document.
Full textLysosomal dysfunctions are involved in a large number of neurodegenerative diseases highlightingthe crucial function of lysosomes in neuron survival and function. The mechanism of lysosomereformation from autolysosomes allow cells to maintain the ool of functional lysosomes.Disruptions of this rocess are involved in athologies affecting the central nervous system. Inparticular, spatacsin that lays a role in lysosome recycling is implicated in hereditary spasticparaplegia type SPG11, a severe disease characterized by motors and cognitive alterations. Thispathology is caused by loss of function mutations in SPG11, encoding spatacsin. The study ofSPG11 cellular models gives the opportunity to decipher the hysiopathological mechanismsunderlying lysosomal reformation disruptions.During my thesis, I showed that loss of spatacsin function induces lipid accumulation in lysosomesand articularly in autolysosomes both in fibroblasts and neurons from Spg11-/- mice. Gangliosidesand cholesterol are among lipids that accumulate in autolysosomes impairing lysosomal membranerecycling by disrupting the recruitment of keys roteins. Neurons with ganglioside accumulationsare more sensitive to glutamate induced neuronal death, suggesting that these accumulations areinvolved in neurodegeneration. These results could be of great importance since accumulations ofgangliosides in lysosomes arise in many diseases.I also showed that loss of spatacsin disrupts extracellular calcium import by the store-operatedcalcium entry (SOCE) leading to an increase in cytosolic calcium levels. Lysosomal calcium contentis also increased in Spg11-/- cells and calcium release from lysosome by TRPML1 is reduced.Inhibiting SOCE and stimulating lysosomal calcium release by TRPML1 reduced lipidsaccumulations in lysosomes and artially restored lysosome reformation.Our data suggest that absence of spatacsin is responsible for a disruption of calcium homeostasisthat contributes to lipid accumulation in autolysosomes, disturbing reformation of lysosomes fromautolysosomes. Inhibiting gangliosides synthesis could be used as a therapeutic strategy. However,understanding how loss of function of spatacsin alters these cellular athways will allow thedevelopment of targeted therapeutic approaches
Moule, Christie Joy. "The synthesis and kinetic studies of substrate analogues for N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm926.pdf.
Full textPiccolo, Enzo. "Rôle de la protéine HMGB1 dérivée des macrophages au cours d'une réaction inflammatoire." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TOU30035.
Full textThe Inflammatory reaction is the first necessary step to combat all pathogens and tissue injuries and restore damaged tissue homeostasis. The immune system is particularly involved during each step, in particular the macrophages which display various inflammatory and metabolic changes. Macrophages can modify and adapt their cellular metabolism to meet their energy needs and efficiently perform the inflammatory reaction according to signals from the surrounding environment. These deep metabolic adaptations influence mitochondria physiology and oxidative phosphorylations (OXPHOS), the secretions of pro and anti-inflammatory molecules, as well as the ability to phagocytize various inflammatory compounds (pathogens, cell debris, and autophagy). These deep metabolic adaptations are under the control of several transcription factors such as NFkB, TFEB or HIF1alpha. The compaction and accessibility of chromatin are crucial for the regulation of the activity of these transcription factors. In the nucleus, DNA compaction is regulated by histones but also by High Mobility Group (HMG) proteins. Among this family of HMG proteins, the High Mobility Group B1 (HMGB1) protein, mainly located in the nucleus, is capable of regulating indirectly the transcription of genes in many tissues. In addition to its nuclear role, HMGB1 can be actively relocated into the cytoplasm and then secreted by innate immune cells during acute or chronic inflammation. Once in the bloodstream, HMGB1 acts as alarmine which initiates and maintains inflammation. Furthermore, during acute or chronic inflammation, concentrations of circulating HMGB1 are increased compared to the basal condition in mice. All these results suggest a role of HMGB1 in the immunometabolism of macrophages as well as in acute or chronic inflammatory processes. In this context, this thesis work has two objectives: I /: To study the role of HMGB1 derived from macrophages and its consequences on the occurrence of tissue fibrosis. II /: To study the intracellular role of HMGB1 derived from macrophages during acute inflammatory shock. This work has demonstrated in vitro and in vivo that, as an alarmine HMGB1 derived from macrophages, does not influence the occurrence of fibrosis following chronic inflammation. Moreover, we demonstrated in vitro and in vivo that as a nuclear factor HMGB1 exerts a potent anti-inflammatory action on macrophages by regulating lysosome biogenesis and function and skewing towards a M2 profile. All these results taken together helped to better characterize and understand the biological functions of HMGB1 proteins during the inflammatory reaction. Boosting these anti-inflammatory functions of HMGB1 may constitute a potential therapeutic approach to counteract the deleterious effect of hyper-inflammation in patients with acute/chronic inflammatory diseases
Kågedal, Katarina. "Cathepsin D released from lysosomes mediates apoptosis /." Linköping : Univ, 2003. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2003/med771s.pdf.
Full textSelmi, Samia. "Études biochimiques et fonctionnelles des lysosomes thyroïdiens." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1T049.
Full textJakhria, Toral Chandulal. "Amyloid fibrils are nanoparticles that target lysosomes." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7628/.
Full textAtakpa, Peace. "Ca2+ signalling between the endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/288002.
Full textFerret, Lucille. "Involvement of lysosomes in cancer resistance to transcription inhibitors." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASL044.
Full textLysosomes have been known to contribute to the development of drug resistance through a variety of mechanisms that include the sequestration of drugs within their compartments and the activation of adaptive stress pathways. Although targeting RNA Polymerase I (POL I) has shown anticancer effects, the contribution of lysosomes to the efficacy and resistance of RNA POL I inhibitors remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated this aspect in the context of two potent POL I transcription inhibitors (compounds A and B). We found that they were unexpectedly sequestered in lysosomes, causing lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP). This effect activated the transcription factor TFEB resulting in cytoprotective autophagy. Targeting lysosomes using chloroquine derivatives or blue light excitation induced substantial LMP, resulting in the liberation of the compound A from lysosomes. This effect amplified both the inhibition of DNA-to-RNA transcription and cell death induced by both POL I inhibitors. Moreover, combining compound A with the chloroquine derivative DC661 reduced the growth of fibrosarcoma established in immunocompetent mice more efficiently than did monotherapies with each agent. Altogether, our results reveal an unanticipated lysosome- related mechanism that contributes to resistance to POL I transcription inhibitors, as well as a strategy to combat this resistance
De, Barros Santos Camilla. "The role of lysosome alterations in bladder cancer progression." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2017. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2017PA066250.pdf.
Full textCancer is a multifactorial disease defined by a rapid development of abnormal cells. Malignant cells acquire competitive advantages for growth and proliferation through a big spectrum of genetic and epigenetic changes leading to major changes in the transcriptome and proteome profiles and thus to alterations in multiple signaling pathways, intracellular trafficking and metabolism. Although many cellular pathways have been studied in the context of cancer, including signaling, migration, loss of apical-basal cell-polarity and cell adhesion, little is known about cancer-related alterations on the sub-cellular, organelle level. This PhD thesis aimed to identify alterations in intracellular compartments and to study how these changes correlate with cancer progression. In classical culture, the systematic study on the organization and relative positioning of organelles is challenging because of the strong morphological cell-to-cell variations. To overcome this problem, we used innovative micro-patterning technique in combination with quantitative, probabilistic mapping of cell organelles. Using a systematic analysis of different cell lines representing different stages of bladder cancer, we identified several changes in the positioning of organelles. The most striking phenotype was revealed by lysosomes, whose distribution was more peripheral in cells representing higher grades of bladder cancer. This suggested that lysosome positioning could be potentially relevant in cancer progression. Therefore, we aimed to characterize the impact of lysosome alteration on cell behavior in transformed cells. We found that changes in lysosome positioning played a role on bladder cancer cell invasion. Indeed, anterograde transport of lysosomes correlate with 3D invasion behavior, contrary to retrograde transport that correlated with decreased cell invasion. Finally, we studied about the molecular mechanisms by which lysosome alterations impact cell invasion
Lewis, Martin David. "Human lysosomal sulphate transport." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phl6752.pdf.
Full textCosker, François. "Etude du rôle de l'ecto-enzyme CD38 comme NAADP synthase : implication de cette enzyme dans le couplage stimulation-sécrétion dans les cellules acineuses du pancréas exocrine." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA11T002.
Full textMathur, Pallavi. "Role of lysosome positioning in bladder cancer progression." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPSLS028.
Full textLysosomes are an intracellular regulatory hub for metabolism and signaling. Many functions of lysosomes are implicated in cancer and thus they remain an interesting target for cancer therapies. We had previously investigate the intracellular landscape of this organelle in a collection of bladder cancer cell lines and normal human urothelium cells and found that lysosomes become increasingly scattered towards the cell periphery in aggressive bladder cancer cells. Here we find differential regulation of mTORC1 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1) kinase, which signals from lysosomes, between non- aggressive and aggressive bladder cancer cell lines and we find constitutive nuclear translocation of the transcription factor EB (TFEB) in aggressive bladder cancer cells . Silencing of TFEB in aggressive cancer cells reverses the scattered lysosome phenotype, suggesting a role of TFEB in regulation of lysosomal dispersion in these cells. Consistently, we find that inducing nuclear translocation of TFEB after inhibition of mTORC1 induces peripheral movement of lysosomes in non-aggressive cells. Since phosphoinositols are important regulators of lysosomal function and movement, especially phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P) which is involved in lysosomal positioning, we tested whether TFEB regulates levels of PI3P in aggressive bladder cancer cells and thus lysosomal dispersion. We find that GFP-FYVE that binds to PI3P is strongly decreased after siTFEB in aggressive cells.Together our results indicate that lysosome positioning is under the control of TFEB and that hyperactivation of TFEB leads to the characteristic cellular phenotype of lysosome dispersion in aggressive bladder cancer cells. Moreover, our results show that activation of TFEB leads to a global increase of PI3P at lysosomes and strong recruitment of FYVE-domain-containing proteins. Thus, our findings uncover a novel role of TFEB in regulating PI3Ps levels. This conceptually clarifies the double role of TFEB as regulator of endosomal maturation and autophagy, two fundamental but distinct cellular processes that rely and are regulated by PI3P levels. We propose that lysosome positioning changes are a crucial biomarker of alterations in the PI3P pathway in the bladder cancer model
SAKAMOTO, NOBUO, HISAO HAYASHI, TOMOYUKI HIGUCHI, AKIRA YAGI, and NAOKI HISHIDA. "Cuproproteins of Hepatocyte Lysosomes in Normal and Fatty Liver." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/17538.
Full textBright, Scott James. "The role of lysosomes in radiation induced genomic instability." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2013. https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/a72f01e0-a29b-41a8-ad4c-e54ae04ed7ee/1/.
Full textWei, Chao. "Molecular analysis and expression of the human glucocerebrosidase gene." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq36653.pdf.
Full textMithieux, Gilles. "Reconstitution in vitro et étude de l'interaction entre microtubules et organites intracellulaires : les lysosomes." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1T117.
Full textAppourchaux, Philippe. "Etude des endo-N-acétyl-bêta-D-glucosaminidases cytosoliques du foie de rat : purification, propriétés physico-chimiques et enzymatiques." Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10161.
Full textBrassart, Dominique. "Catabolisme lysosomique des N-glycosylprotéines : mise en évidence d'une endo-N-acétyl-[bêta]-D-glucosaminidase lysosomique humaine : mise en évidence d'une activité sialyl-endo-N-acétyl-[bêta]-D-glucosaminidase lysosomique : étude du catabolisme in vitro des N-glycannes." Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10165.
Full textGorria, Morgane. "Rôle des caractéristiques membranaires dans l 'apoptose induite par le benzo[a]pyrène : implication du fer et des lysosomes." Rennes 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN1S064.
Full textHaud, Noemie Magali Renee. "A forward genetic screen to identify modifiers of chemotherapy using zebrafish : study of rnaset2 deficiency in zebrafish." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-forward-genetic-screen-to-identify-modifiers-of-chemotherapy-using-zebrafish-study-of-rnaset2-deficiency-in-zebrafish(234f73f0-6d31-4832-a4b6-315687376b90).html.
Full textVerdon, Quentin. "Caractérisation fonctionnelle des transporteurs lysosomaux orphelins." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS144/document.
Full textWithin lysosomes, about sixty different hydrolases degrade macromolecules. This degradation is dependent on the acidity of the lysosomal lumen, which pH ranges between 4.5 and 5.0. The lysosomal pH is maintained by the v-ATPase, a proton pump. Lysosomal degradation generates catabolites, which can be recycled to cytosol by secondary active transporters: lysosomal transporters.The dysfunction of lysosomal proteins leads to lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), rare inherited metabolic diseases characterised by accumulation of material inside lysosomes. Depending on the mutated gene, symptoms of LSDs vary greatly, although about half of LSD patients display some kind of neurodegenerative symptoms. Studying the physiopathology of LSDs has led to a good understanding of the function of lysosomal enzymes, but the knowledge of lysosomal transporters remain poor, since only a few LSDs has been shown to be linked with a mutation in a lysosomal transporter gene.I focused on two proteins which dysfunction causes a special type of LSDs: CLN3 and CLN7. Mutations in CLN3 and CLN7 cause neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs), a special type of LSD which has mostly neurodegenerative symptoms and which is characterized by the accumulation of a specific pigment inside lysosomes: lipofuscin. There are fourteen NCL genes, but CLN3 and CLN7 are the two only proteins of the family which are resident proteins of the lysosomal membrane, suggesting they might be transporters.Amino acids were screened as possible substrates for CLN7, but none could be shown to be transported. For CLN3, the content in metabolites of lysosomes from Cln3-deficient mice and from WT mice were compared by mass spectrometry, revealing a specific decrease in the amount of catabolites of proteins in lysosomes from Cln3-deficient mice. This suggested a lack of lysosomal proteolysis, which was checked in neurons, in primary fibroblasts and in immortalized fibroblasts. These results suggested that CLN proteins could take part to a metabolic pathway important for lysosomal proteolysis and, more generally, for neuronal health. These results could help improve the understanding of the early steps of NCL physiopathology.To extend the number of candidates for lysosomal transporters, I took part to the validation step of an extensive proteomic study of the lysosomal membrane, which revealed forty-six new candidates for lysosomal transporters. I studied in more details TMEM104, SPINSTER, MFSD1, SLC37A2, TTYH3 and SNAT7. Proteins were overexpressed in HeLa cells to check for lysosomal localization. Then, their putative sorting motifs were mutated to misroute their expression to plasma membrane and to enable their functional study. No function could elucidate for the first five candidates.SNAT7 could not be misrouted to plasma membrane either, but, since it belonged to a family of transporters for glutamine, its function was studied by an indirect assay based on a lysosomal overload in amino acids and a direct transport measure on lysosome-enriched cellular fractions. Thus, SNAT7 was shown to be a lysosomal transporter selective for glutamine and asparagine.The function of SNAT7 is the nutrition of cancer cells was then studied. Many cancer cells use glutamine as their main source of carbon, nitrogen and energy. Because of insufficient blood supply, they use macropinocytosis to uptake extracellular proteins, which degradation in lysosomes generates glutamine. Then, glutamine is recycled to the cytosol. SNAT7 was shown to be critical in this process: in glutamine-dependent cancer cells, when SNAT7 expression is reduced, cells cannot obtain glutamine from extracellular proteins. Thus, blocking SNAT7 is a promising approach to target specifically the metabolism of cancer cells
Johansson, Ann-Charlotte. "Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization : A Cellular Suicide Stragegy." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Experimentell patologi, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11614.
Full textIn the last decade, a tremendous gain in knowledge concerning the molecular events of apoptosis signaling and execution has been achieved. The aim of this thesis was to clarify the role of lysosomal membrane permeabilization and lysosomal proteases, cathepsins, in signaling for apoptosis. We identified cathepsin D as an important factor in staurosporine-induced human fibroblast cell death. After release to the cytosol, cathepsin D promoted mitochondrial release of cytochrome c by proteolytic activation of Bid. Cathepsin D-mediated cleavage of Bid generated two fragments with the apparent molecular mass of 15 and 19 kDa. By sequence analysis, three cathepsin D-specific cleavage sites, Phe24, Trp48, and Phe183, were identified. Moreover, we investigated the mechanism by which cathepsins escape the lysosomal compartment, and found that Bax is translocated from the cytosol to lysosomes upon staurosporine treatment. In agreement with these data, recombinant Bax triggered release of cathepsins from isolated rat liver lysosomes. Conceivably, the Bcl-2 family of proteins may govern release of pro-apoptotic factors from both lysosomes and mitochondria. The importance of lysosomal cathepsins in apoptosis signaling was studied also in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells following exposure to the redox-cycling drug naphthazarin or agonistic anti-Fas antibodies. In this experimental system, cathepsins were released to the cytosol, however, inhibition of neither cathepsin D, nor cysteine cathepsin activity suppressed cell death. Interestingly, cysteine cathepsins still appeared to be involved in activation of the caspase cascade. Cathepsins are often overexpressed and secreted by cancer cells, and it has been reported that extracellular cathepsins promote tumor growth and metastasis. Here, we propose that cathepsin B secreted from cancer cells may suppress cancer cell death by shedding of the Fas death receptor. Defects in the regulation of apoptosis contribute to a wide variety of diseases, such as cancer, neurodegeneration and autoimmunity. Increased knowledge of the molecular details of apoptosis could lead to novel, more effective, treatments for these illnesses. This thesis emphasizes the importance of the lysosomal death pathway, which is a promising target for future therapeutic intervention.
De, Barros Santos Camilla. "The role of lysosome alterations in bladder cancer progression." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066250/document.
Full textCancer is a multifactorial disease defined by a rapid development of abnormal cells. Malignant cells acquire competitive advantages for growth and proliferation through a big spectrum of genetic and epigenetic changes leading to major changes in the transcriptome and proteome profiles and thus to alterations in multiple signaling pathways, intracellular trafficking and metabolism. Although many cellular pathways have been studied in the context of cancer, including signaling, migration, loss of apical-basal cell-polarity and cell adhesion, little is known about cancer-related alterations on the sub-cellular, organelle level. This PhD thesis aimed to identify alterations in intracellular compartments and to study how these changes correlate with cancer progression. In classical culture, the systematic study on the organization and relative positioning of organelles is challenging because of the strong morphological cell-to-cell variations. To overcome this problem, we used innovative micro-patterning technique in combination with quantitative, probabilistic mapping of cell organelles. Using a systematic analysis of different cell lines representing different stages of bladder cancer, we identified several changes in the positioning of organelles. The most striking phenotype was revealed by lysosomes, whose distribution was more peripheral in cells representing higher grades of bladder cancer. This suggested that lysosome positioning could be potentially relevant in cancer progression. Therefore, we aimed to characterize the impact of lysosome alteration on cell behavior in transformed cells. We found that changes in lysosome positioning played a role on bladder cancer cell invasion. Indeed, anterograde transport of lysosomes correlate with 3D invasion behavior, contrary to retrograde transport that correlated with decreased cell invasion. Finally, we studied about the molecular mechanisms by which lysosome alterations impact cell invasion
Wang, Iris Yu-Shing. "The role of endometrial lysosomes and their enzymes in endometrial bleeding." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1993. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26605.
Full textMoustapha, Aoula. "Etude mécanistique de la mort cellulaire induite par la curcumine dans un modèle cellulaire d’hépatocarcinome." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066466.
Full textCurcumin, a major active component of turmeric Curcuma longa, L. , has been shown to have inhibitory effects on cancers. In vitro studies suggest that curcumin inhibits cancer cell growth by activating apoptosis, but the mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of curcumin are unclear. We have dissected the mechanistic consequences of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosomal destabilization involved in a mitochondrially associated apoptosis. Curcumin at 25 M induces an ER stress with calcium release which, in turn, destabilizes the mitochondrial compartment to induce apoptosis. These events are also associated with lysosomal membrane permeabilization and activation of caspase-8 mediated by activation of cathepsins and calpains which induce Bid cleavage. Recently, it has been suggested that enhanced autophagy may play an important role in cancer therapy. In this work, I show that a fine interplay is at work which involves early autophagy as soon as the mitochondria produce superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide. Induction of autophagy, as shown by autophagic vacuole formation, was detected by acridine orange staining and monodansylcadaverine dye after exposure to curcumin at a concentration of 25 M at which only early events of apoptosis are detectable. Conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II, a marker of active autophagosome formation, was also detectable by Western blotting following curcumin treatment. We also observed that reactive oxygen species production and autophagic vacuole formation following curcumin treatment was almost completely blocked by N-acetylcystein or by the mitochondrial specific antioxidant MitoQ, but also by the mitochondrial calcium uniporter inhibitor ruthenium red and to a lesser extend by the calcium chelators, BAPTA-AM and EGTA-AM. Curcumin-induced autophagy failed to rescue the cell from death and the cells undergo apoptosis after a try for survival. Curcumin successfully induces oxidative stress in Huh-7 cells, perturbs important cell survival mechanisms, and thus achieves high degree of killing of these cancer cells
David, Alexandre. "Caractérisation moléculaire et cellulaire de BAD-LAMP, une nouvelle protéine à l'interface de deux organes biologiques : le cerveau et le système immunitaire." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2006AIX22093.pdf.
Full textWe identified a new protein, the Brain And Dendritic cell associated LAMP-like molecule (BAD-LAMP), a new member of lysosome Associated Membrane Proteins (LAMPs). In contrast with other LAMPs, BAD-LAMP expression is restricted to the brain in mouse and human. During mouse development, BAD-LAMP appears postnataly in a neuronal subpopulations of layers II/III and V of the neocortex. Onset of expression strictly parallels cortical synaptogenesis. In cortical neurons, BAD-LAMP is found in defined clustered vesicles, which accumulate along neuritis. These vesicular aggregates assembly is linked to plasma membrane microdomains organization. In contrast with other LAMP family members, BAD-LAMP is endocytosed, but is not found in classical lysosomal/endosomal compartments. In human, BAD-LAMP is also found in plasmacytoïd Dendritic Cells (pDCs) which selectively express Toll-like receptor (TLR)-7 and TLR-9, and are specialized in rapidly secreting massive amounts of type I interferons following viral stimulation. In pDCs, BAD-LAMP seems to be addressed in a specialized endocytic compartment. This analogous expression reinforces the common molecular signature already described for neurons and pDCs although their functions are totally different
Pattingre, Sophie. "Contrôle de la macroautophagie dans les cellules cancéreuses coliques humaines : rôle de la protéine hétérotrimérique Gi3 et de ses partenaires." Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05S018.
Full textHumbert, Martine. "Influence de la chaîne invariante sur le transport, la distribution intracellulaire et la structure quaternaire des molécules de classe II du CMH murin : etude corrélée à la présentation antigénique." Aix-Marseille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX22032.
Full textSaint-Pol, Agnès. "Etude des oligosaccharides libres polymannosylés : caractérisation de leur transport du cytosol vers le lysosome." Lille 1, 1996. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1996/50376-1996-374.pdf.
Full textHumphries, William Henry IV. "Intracellular degradation of low-density lipoprotein probed with two-color fluorescence microscopy." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42832.
Full textCougoule, Céline. "Etude des mécanismes contrôlant la sécrétion régulée des lysosomes dans les phagocytes : rôle de la tyrosine kinase de la famille Src, Hck." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30131.
Full textFreeman, Craig. "The lysosomal degradation of heparan sulphate : a comparative study of the physical and catalytic properties of the heparan sulphate degradative enzymes /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phf855.pdf.
Full textYu, Zhengquan. "Proton trapping in the cellular acidic vacuolar compartment : lysosomal mechanisms in apoptosis/necrosis and iron chelation /." Linköping : Univ, 2003. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2003/med808s.pdf.
Full textSinclair, Graham Bernard. "Mutation analysis, heterologous expression, and characterization of human glucocerebrosidase." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ62529.pdf.
Full textHaeuw, Jean-François. "Catabolisme des N-glycosylprotéines : étude comparée de la spécificité des alpha-D-mannosidases cytosoliques et lysosomiques du foie de rat." Lille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL12016.
Full textRedonnet, Vernhet Isabelle. "Approche de la physiopathologie des maladies lysosomales etude des relations genotype-phenotype au travers de trois lipidoses." Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU3A207.
Full textRajas, Fabienne. "Étude des espèces moléculaires impliquées dans l'association des lysosomes et endosomes aux microtubules." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO1T086.
Full textChirivino, Dafne. "Rôle de l’ezrine dans l’endocytose et la stabilité des récepteurs de type tyrosine kinase." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112281.
Full textEzrin is a member of the ERM protein family, which provides a regulated linkage between the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. Ezrin has been involved in the trafficking of membrane proteins however its function in this process is as of yet unknown. Two-hybrid screens performed with ezrin as baits led to the identification of proteins involved in membrane protein transport. We analyzed the function of ezrin association with two new interactors: the HOPS complex subunit Vps11 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase WWP1. Vps11 is a member of the tethering HOPS complex that coordinates Rab and SNARE functions during vesicular fusion along the endocytic pathway. We have investigated the role of ezrin/Vps11 interaction in the endocytosis of the EGF receptor. We have shown that the interaction between ezrin and the HOPS complex promotes endosome maturation and is necessary for EGF receptor transport from early to late endosomes, therefore participating in the regulation of EGFR endocytosis and degradation. WWP1 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase of the Nedd4 family. A role for WWP1 was identified in the regulation and degradation of growth factors receptors and transcription factors. We have shown that Ezrin/WWP1 interaction results in ezrin ubiquitylation, but is not involved in regulating ezrin degradation. Rather, we were able to show that this ubiquitylation likely mediates protein interaction and that the binding between ezrin and WWP1 promotes c-Met receptor stabilization. Altogether our results indicate that ezrin participates in the control of tyrosine kinase receptor degradation by regulating the assembly of multimeric complexes involved in protein trafficking and ubiquitylation
Bojja, Aruna Sri. "Functional characterization of placental cathepsins." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 81 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1885754561&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textPietri, David. "Structure and function of the C9ORF72-SMCR8-WDR41 complex and its implication for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023STRAJ087.
Full textAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Charcot disease) is the third most common neurodegenerative disease. The main genetic cause of ALS is an expansion of GGGGCC repeats in the C9ORF72 gene which protein forms a complex with the SMCR8 and WDR41 proteins. To better understand its molecular functions, solving its structure was a main goal of my thesis. In parallel, we discovered that C9ORF72 regulates a newly described mechanism of biogenesis of newly-formed lysosomes, called autophagic lysosome reformation (ALR). This process has been extensively investigated during my thesis, in order to better understand its regulation, particularly for the regeneration of lysosomes in basal conditions and amino acid deprivation. My work reveals a new partner of the C9ORF72 complex as a novel function in lysosome biogenesis. These results could thus explain the dysfunction of lysosomes and neurodegeneration observed in ALS, which open new therapeutic ways for this devastating disease
Woodward, Emma Louise. "Crosstalk of lysosomes, autophagy and apoptosis in dioxin-induced chloracne in vitro." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3849.
Full textStroikin, Yuri. "Ageing-associated changes of lysosomal compartment : implications on cellular functions." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Univ, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8012.
Full textLi, Yijun. "Detection of enzyme deficient genetic diseases by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11577.
Full textVincent, Claire. "Etude du rôle de la protéine Hck, tyrosine kinase de la famille Src, dans la motilité des lysosomes : implication de la polymérisation de l'actine." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30072.
Full textWhile essential for the destruction of pathogens by phagocytes, the exocytosis of lysosomes remains a partially characterized biological event. The activation of the lysosomal isoform of the Src-tyrosine kinase p61Hck (Hematopoietic cell kinase), is concomitant to the secretion of these organelles and induces important remodelling of the actin cytoskeleton. Moreover, Hck interacts with proteins that are able to induce actin polymerization. The work I performed demonstrated the ability of Hck to induce de novo actin polymerization. In the cellular context, this process triggered the biogenesis of actin-comet tails at the surface of lysosomes associated with Hck. The in vitro reconstitution of this process indicated that other lysosomal proteins were dispensable in this mechanism. In this context, the actin-comet tails biogenesis was dependant on the kinase activity of Hck, WASp, the Arp2/3 complex, Cdc42 and Rho-GDI. This actin-comet biogenesis was correlated to a 35%-acceleration of p61Hck-lysosomes in cells, that was dependent on de novo actin polymerization and required an intact microtubular network. These results establish p61Hck as the first lysosomal protein able to recruit the molecular machinery responsible for actin tail formation. Altogether, these data suggest a new mechanism for lysosome motility involving p61Hck, actin-comet tail biogenesis and the microtubule network
Wilson, Daniel James 1970. "Calnexin association with lysosomal hydrolases is limited to overexpressed enzymes destined for secretion." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24047.
Full textVillalpando-Rodriguez, Gloria-Elisa. "Le rôle des calpaïnes et des lysosomes dans la mort cellulaire indépendante des caspases." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066339.
Full textIn a light induced retinal degeneration model (lird), studied in our laboratory the activation of autophagy and calpaîns have been shown : The aim of my work was to study the response of rpe during stress and to explain the role of calpains in photorecptors death. We have shown that metabolic sterss of rpe cells, in culture, induce autophagy activation. During the first 2 hours; this autophagy protects cells, but, afertwards the same mechanism triggers cell death. We have also shown that calpain 1 permeabilises lysosomes by degradation of the lysosomal associated protein 2. The same protein cleavage has been observed in lird. Moreover, calpain 2 can activate an acidic calpain dependent endonuclease that could be implicated in dna degradation of dying cells. It would be interesting to study the effects of calpain 1 inhibition during lird, as well as in other neural cell death models. The complete caracterisation of the calpain dependent endonuclease could provide more information on caspase-independent cell death mechanisms, highly involved in retinal degeneration
Muller, Dany. "Etude in vitro de la réabsorption tubulaire proximale de l'uranium : conséquences fonctionnelles." Bordeaux 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR20965.
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