Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lyly'
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1
García-Lorenzo, Juan Carlos. "Complementation in early modern English : a study of John Lyly's "Euphues /." Lewiston (N.Y.) : the E. Mellen press, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39968266t.
2
Keeson, Andrew. "John Lyly and early modern authorship." Thesis, University of Kent, 2009. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.520886.
3
Kawanami, Ayako. "The art of dissembling in three Elizabethan writers : John Lyly, Robert Greene, and Shakespeare." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2006. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2340/.
Abstract:
'Dissembling', derived from courtiers' practice of sprezzatura. has the rhetorical ability to present one ostensible meaning/intention while simultaneously harbouring another meaning/intention. In this thesis, I suggest that three Elizabethan, writers - Lyly, Greene, and Shakespeare have selected this deceptive act as a means to amplify their writing. Lyly exerts the art of dissembling with the intention of enriching his writing verbally. The art enables him to write fiction of love, while he presents his works as either didactic treatises or encomiastic writings. As far as Greene's art of dissembling is concerned, it is a class-conscious one. In his courtly love romances, Greene explores both strengths and weaknesses of women as a way of reflecting his interest in both of the two different social positions of courtiers and shepherds. In his social pamphlets where he depicts middle-class traders in the framework of the prodigal son story, Greene attempts to marry the uneducated with the learned. Greene's tries at theatrical devices with the intention of lifting the boundary between reality and illusion in his plays help Shakespeare to gain an insight into the attainment of dramatic moments in his plays. Shakespeare, by dint of his art of dissembling, takes to multiplying the dissembling of the courtly and the lowly, the elite and the non-elite, reality and illusion which Greene has achieved throughout his career. In Shakespeare's good hands, Greene's art of dissembling is enriched by a movement towards 'bafflement' in both poetic and dramatic terms. An exploration of the way in which the art of dissembling is handed down from Lyly through Greene to Shakespeare encourages us to reconsider a connection between courtly culture and popular culture, the significance of Greene on the Elizabethan literary scene, a most neglected of the major Elizabethan writers, and the relationship of Shakespeare to Greene.
4
Meyer, Jürgen. "Textvarianz und Schriftkritik : dialogische Schreib- und Lesekultur bei Thomas More, George Gascoigne und John Lyly /." Heidelberg : Winter, 2010. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3425207&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
5
Meyer, Jürgen. "Textvarianz und Schriftkritik dialogische Schreib- und Lesekultur bei Thomas More, George Gascoigne und John Lyly." Heidelberg Winter, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1000100006/04.
6
Maslen, Robert Warner. "A study of the works of John Lyly and his predecessors in the context of changing attitudes to fiction in Elizabethan England." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315765.
7
Wilson, Catherine Charity. "'The ironicall recreation of the reader' : the construction of authorship in the prose fictions of John Lyly, Robert Green and Thomas Lodge." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339966.
8
Kramer, Yuval. "Self-referential rhetoric : the evolution of the Elizabethan 'wit'." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:82bfad10-7f85-4343-8a8b-6b5d1b5326f8.
Abstract:
The thesis traces the evolving attitudes towards rhetoric in the highly-rhetorised English-language prose of the late sixteenth century by focusing on a term that was itself subject to significant change: 'wit'. To wit's pre-existing denotations of intellectual acumen, capacity for reason and good judgement was added a novel meaning, related to the capacity for producing lively speech. As a term encompassing widely divergent meanings, many Elizabethan and early Stuart works explored 'wit' as a central theme or treated the term as significant to explorations of the human mind, its capacity for rhetoric, and the social and moral dimensions of this relationship. The research centres on how 'wit' is seen and how it corresponds to rhetorical wittiness as produced in practice, and questions the implications of this for understanding the social and moral dimensions of the authorial wit. By focusing on the early vernacular manuals of rhetoric by author such as Thomas Wilson and Roger Ascham, on Lyly's and Greene's euphuist prose, and on Thomas Lodge's and Sir Philip Sidney's prose defences of poetry, the first half of the thesis explores the term's conceptual ambiguity. Potentially both reformative and deceptive, this ambiguity becomes a useful tool for the author looking to construct a profitable persona as a Wit, or a brilliant-yet-unruly master of rhetoric. The second half of the research notes how 'wit' tends to outlive its usefulness as a multivalent term in later writings when these seek to move away from the social commodification of an author's rhetoric. Examining Sidney's theological and political aims in The New Arcadia, Thomas Nashe's carnivalesque questioning of the idea of profit, and Francis Bacon's systematic interpretation of Nature, the research suggests that rhetoric and 'wit' maintain both their significance and their ambiguity into the seventeenth century. A meta-rhetorical signpost, 'wit' comes to reflect through its use and disuse both the issues at hand and the inherent self-reflexivity of any attempt to deal directly with rhetoric.
9
Voraa, Marie. "LYBY : Longyearbyen 2050." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Fakultet for arkitektur og billedkunst, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-26744.
10
Hussain, Abid. "Impact of LYL1 deficiency on adipocyte differentiation." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS061.
Abstract:
LYL1 (Lymphoblastic leukemia-derived sequence 1) est un facteur de transcription basic hélice-boucle-hélice (bHLH) exprimé dans les lymphocytes B, les cellules myéloïdes et les cellules endothéliales (CE). Les souris déficientes pour Lyl1 (Lyl1-/-) sont viables et chez la souris adulte, LYL1 a un rôle majeur dans la maturation des vaisseaux sanguins nouvellement formés et dans le contrôle de la perméabilité vasculaire basale, suggérant l'importance de LYL1 dans le maintien de la quiescence et/ou stabilisation des CE. Les vaisseaux sanguins représentent une barrière entre le sang et le tissu conjonctif. Ils peuvent également jouer le rôle de niche vasculaire contenant des progéniteurs des différentes cellules murines (par exemple, des cellules hématopoïétiques, des cellules β-pancréatiques, des cellules neuronales, des cellules hépatiques et des cellules adipeuses). Les deux tissus adipeux, blancs et bruns (WAT et BAT), sont très vascularisés. Jusqu'à présent, rien n'était connu sur le rôle de LYL1 dans le tissu adipeux. Les résultats présentés dans cette thèse montrent que l'augmentation significative du poids corporel des mâles Lyl1-/- par rapport aux souris sauvages (WT), sous régime normal, n'est pas associée à des troubles métaboliques. Ils présentent également un poids plus élevé de tissus adipeux (WAT et BAT) et de plus grandes gouttelettes lipidiques. In vivo, la perte de Lyl1 accélère le processus de différenciation des cellules souches adipeuses (CSA), puisque les adipocytes blancs et bruns sont matures et actifs plus tôt. De plus, les CSA sont moins nombreuses dans les tissus adipeux, ce qui confirme que la perte de Lyl1 favorise la différenciation des CSA vers adipocytes matures. Nous avons également démontré que Lyl1 est exprimée dans les CSA et les pré-adipocytes, suggérant un rôle direct dans LYL1 dans la différenciation adipocytaire. D'autre part, les vaisseaux des WAT des souris Lyl1-/- sont mal recouverts de cellules murales et plus perméables, suggérant que la niche vasculaire des tissus adipeux pourrait être perturbée. Sous alimentation riche en graisses (HFD), le poids corporel et le poids du tissu adipeux sont plus faibles chez les souris Lyl1-/- par rapport à WT. De plus les souris Lyl1-/- présentent de plus petites gouttelettes lipidiques que les WT, sous HFD. Ces résultats préliminaires, suggèrent que les souris Lyl1-/- pourraient être protégées contre l'obésité induite par l'alimentation. Cependant d'autres expériences sont nécessaires pour valider ces résultats. Il existe probablement un mécanisme de compensation qui se met en place chez les souris Lyl1-/- sous HFD. Ce travail a démontré que, sans Lyl1, la différenciation adipocytaire est accélérée et que la niche vasculaire adipocytaire est perturbéeLYL1 (Lymphoblastic leukemia-derived sequence 1) is a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcriptional factor, which is expressed in B lymphocytes, myeloid cells and endothelial cells (EC). Lyl1 deficient (Lyl1-/-) mice are viable and in adult mice, LYL1 has an active role in the maturation of newly formed blood vessels and is also involved in the control of basal vascular permeability, suggesting that LYL1 is required for the maintenance of EC quiescence and stabilization. Blood vessels provide a barrier between connective tissue and blood. They also have been described as “vascular niche” containing progenitors of different murine cells (e.g. hematopoietic cells, pancreatic β-cells, neuronal cells, liver cells and adipose cells). Both white and brown adipose tissues (WAT and BAT) are highly vascularized. Up to now, nothing was known concerning the role of LYL1 in adipose tissue. The results presented in this thesis revealed that the significant increase in body weight of Lyl1-/- males compared to their wild type (WT) littermates under chow diet is not due to any metabolic disorders. They also showed higher adipose tissue weights (BAT and WAT) and bigger lipid droplets. In vivo Lyl1 deficiency cause early differentiation process of adipose stem cells (ASCs) since both white and brown adipocytes are mature and active faster. In addition, ASCs are less numerous in Lyl1-/- adipose tissues, which confirm that Lyl1 deficiency favors the differentiation of ASCs towards mature adipocytes. We also demonstrated that Lyl1 is expressed both in ASCs and pre-adipocytes, suggesting a direct role of LYL1 in adipocyte differentiation. On the other hand, the vessels in Lyl1-/- WAT are poorly covered with mural cells and more permeable, proposing that adipose stem cell vascular niche could be disturbed. Under high fat diet (HFD), total body weight and adipose tissue weight are lower in Lyl1-/- mice compared to WT. Moreover smaller lipid droplets were observed in Lyl1-/- mice under HFD. These preliminary results suggest that Lyl1-/- mice could be protected from diet-induced obesity. However more experiments are needed to validate these results. Probably there is a compensatory type of mechanism going on under HFD in Lyl1-/- mice. This work demonstrated that under Lyl1 deficiency adipocyte differentiation process becomes faster and adipose tissue vascular niche could be disturbed
11
Nilsson, Markus, and Pontus Frölander. "Clean-in-Place på Tate and Lyle Sweden AB." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Maskinteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-28389.
Abstract:
This thesis work is about an improvement in Tate and Lyle’s Clean-in-Place system. The thesis investigates how the designs around two machines can be constructed to automate its Clean-in-Place system. Alongside, two step-by-step manuals were created on how the machines should be cleaned. Furthermore a cleaning agent were searched for which eliminates the oat residues that Tate and Lyle faces. The study’s focus was to reduce the cleaning time in their closed systems by automating the cleaning sequences and use a more suitable cleaning agent for their type of residues. The background to the study can be described as a cleaning problem. Tate and Lyle’s Clean-in-Place system is operated manually and is executed twice a month. The cleaning agents in their current situation is sodium hydroxide and nitric acid which is not adapted for the remaining residues that appear in their equipment piping and edges. The problem arises when the monument remains isn’t properly cleared so the production cannot be resumed since contamination may occur. The equipment is disassembled, cleaned by hand and reassembled before the production can be continued. The purpose of the thesis work is to find the most advantageous way to clean a decanter centrifuge and a separator. A more suitable cleaning agent are examined as well as the economic benefits that can occur at reduced cleaning time. The work delimited from practical construction and planning for an upgraded system. The result consists of two step-by-step manuals that specifically describes how the machines should be cleaned with a Clean-in-Place system. Subsequently, two designs were developed around the decanter centrifuge and separator. The designs describe the placement of pipes, valves and pumps as well as suggestions for new pipelines that provide cleaning benefits. Examination of more customized cleaning was done as an experiment in the chemistry department at the School of Engineering in Jönköping. The experiment presented as unsuccessful and wouldn’t be repeated because of optimistic planning. Instead, the result was presented as a Pugh-matrix where four supplements based on similar studies were used. With an automated system and a qualified cleaning the production time could be increased by 9, 7 %. The economic change was presented as an investment calculation.Vissa bilagan har valt att döljas på grund av sekretesskäl
12
Chapman, M. "Identification and functional analysis of SCL and LYL1 regulatory elements." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597472.
Abstract:
The SCL gene is a critical haematopoietic transcription factor, with a pattern of expression that is highly conserved from mammals to teleost fish. Its central role in haematopoiesis and its complex expression pattern make it a model gene for studying transcriptional networks. The full set of cis-regulatory elements active in the SCL locus is probably still to be discovered, and will be required for a more complete understanding of its transcriptional regulation. SCL has also been a model gene for studying comparative sequence analysis. This has been exploited in this thesis to approach two questions. Firstly: how can different species be utilized and combined to improve the accuracy of comparative sequence analysis? Secondly: what previously undiscovered cis-regulatory elements are active in the SCL locus, and how do they act? BAC clones containing the SCL loci of dog and platypus as well as the paralogous LYL1 locus of a marsupial, the stripe-faced dunnart, were isolated and sequenced and the SCL locus in rat was annotated. Human/dunnart sequence comparisons appeared to be more selective than human/mouse comparisons in the LYL1 locus, but still permitted the identification of all putative promoters within the clone. Phylogenetic footprinting determine five transcription factor binding sites within the LYL1 promoter, with a pattern very reminiscent of those seen in critical SCL regulatory elements. Functional analyses confirmed LYL1 promoter activity and nuclear binding. Comparisons of two-, three-, and four-way eutherian alignments at the SCL locus revealed that the four-way alignment was the most sensitive and specific for identifying both regulatory regions and transcription factor binding sites. Adding platypus sequence vastly improved specificity, but at the expense of sensitivity. Four candidate regulatory regions was identified, three of which were then shown to act as lineage-restricted regulatory elements, probably affecting transcription of the co-ordinately expressed downstream gene, MAP17. It is concluded that to maximize sensitivity and specificity in the identification of eutherian regulatory regions, sequences from multiple eutherian species should be combined for comparative analysis.
13
Boras, Christos [Verfasser]. "Executive remuneration. The Tate & Lyle PLC case study / Christos Boras." München : GRIN Verlag, 2019. http://d-nb.info/118300205X/34.
14
Jones, Shelby-Sara Ann. "The role of Lymphoblastic leukemia 1 (Lyl1) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33727.
Abstract:
Lymphoblastic leukemia 1 (Lyl1) is a well-studied transcription factor known to exhibit oncogenic potential during various forms of leukemia. Since its discovery in 1989, many reports have been published describing its relationship with cancer as well as demonstrating its function during hematopoiesis. Lyl1 has been shown to serve a significant role during thymopoiesis by contributing to T-cell development. However, it has been recently reported that irrespective of its significance during T-cell development, mature comparable single positive T-cells are observed in mouse models. The use of murine models has been crucial in identifying potential targets for host-directed therapies (HDT) which has been shown to provide great potential in treating tuberculosis (TB). It is evident that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent for TB, is capable of developing resistance to various treatments that target the bacterium itself. Therefore, by designing therapies that directly target host factors could assist in circumventing Mtb resistance. By analyzing Mtb-infected bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) that have been subjected to genome-wide transcriptional deep sequencing of total RNA using a single molecule sequencer in conjunction with the cap analysis gene expression (CAGE) technique, various differentially expressed genes were identified, including the oncogenic transcription factor, Lyl1. With the use of murine models, we investigated whether Lyl1 is important for various immunological responses at steady state, the regulation of Lyl1 in response to various immune stimulants including LPS and whether this transcription factor is relevant in bacterial infections including Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) and Mtb. The data in this thesis demonstrate comparable immunological responses, including cellular recruitment by means of flow cytometry and cytokine responses by means of ELISA, between naïve littermate control and Lyl1-deficient mice. Further evaluation of Lyl1 regulation revealed the influence of MAPk and NFκB signaling on Lyl1 expression upon LPS stimulation by significantly downregulating this transcription factor in immune stimulated macrophages. A role for Lyl1 during bacterial infections was observed in Lm-infected mice whereby Lyl1-/- mice succumbed earlier to listeriosis compared to the littermate controls. We further established a functional role for this transcription factor during Mtb infection in vitro and in vivo. The early surrender of Lyl1-deficient mice to Mtb HN878 infection, accompanied by increased bacterial burden during chronic Mtb infection, demonstrated enhanced susceptibility in the absence of Lyl1. We show that Lyl1-deficient host susceptibility is a consequence of enhanced inflammatory responses and increased bacterial growth. This is demonstrated by increased neutrophilic inflammation, pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine secretion along with a reduction in anti-inflammatory cytokine release during chronic Mtb infection. Here, we demonstrate the first non-leukemia role for Lyl1 by suggesting a role and requirement for this transcription factor during bacterial infections. Given the significant role during Mtb infection, our studies suggest the use of Lyl1 associated pathways as a potential HDT target for TB.
15
Ferrier, Richard. "Etude de la protéine LYL : première approche de son expression." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20108.
Abstract:
Les genes lyl et tall, membres du groupe des genes tal, codent des facteurs de transcription de type bhlh et sont normalement exprimes dans le systeme hematopoietique a l'exception de la lignee t. Dans des cas de leucemies, la translocation de ces genes entraine leur expression dans la cellule t et est supposee etre a l'origine du processus leucemogene. Nous avons entrepris la caracterisation de l'expression de la proteine lyl dans la cellule. Les premieres observations montrent un profil et une regulation complexes aboutissant a plusieurs formes proteiques de tailles differentes. Plusieurs elements suggerent une relation precurseur-produit entre certaines de ces formes et montrent que les sequences n-terminales de la plus grande proteine jouent un role dans sa stabilite. Nous avons d'autre part utilise la technique de double hybride dans la levure pour isoler des partenaires d'interaction de la proteine lyl. Parmi les proteines identifiees, la proteine p105, de la famille nfb, a montre une grande affinite et une forte specificite d'interaction avec la proteine lyl. Cette interaction a pu etre reproduite par differentes techniques in vitro et dans la cellule. De plus, dans les cellules jurkat, un test d'activite a permis de montrer que la presence de la proteine lyl entraine une diminution de l'activite nfb endogene. On observe enfin qu'une expression stable a un haut niveau de lyl dans ces memes cellules correle avec une diminution du niveau de p105. D'autres partenaires potentiels selectionnes par le criblage double hybride ont ete identifies. On retrouve parmi eux la proteine e12, deja decrite dans la litterature pour interagir avec lyl, et la proteine snx1, dont l'interaction avec lyl dans la cellule n'est pas encore confirmee.
16
Zhong, Yi. "Overexpression of a transcription factor LYL1 induces T- and B-cell lymphoma in mice." Kyoto University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/135795.
17
Davies, Glynis L. "An analysis of Pat Metheny's and Lyle Mays's "Third Wind"| Arranging techniques and performance considerations." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1587274.
Abstract:
This paper explores the arranging techniques and performance considerations related to the transcription and analysis of "Third Wind" by Pat Metheny and Lyle Mays; it compares Metheny and Mays' original piece to the author's arrangement as performed at her Master's Recital. Biographical information about Metheny and Mays are used as a preface to their lives as composers and performers. Also included is an in-depth analysis of the original lead sheet, the author's arrangement, and the performance itself. The incorporation of wordless vocals, as used in the original, is also covered. The author wrote original lyrics for parts of the song that help to clarify her interpretation of this lengthy through-composed piece of music.
18
Chalhoub, Elias. "Activité des facteurs bHLH TAL-1 et LYL dans les processus angiogeniques." Montpellier 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON20054.
Abstract:
La formation de nouveaux vaisseaux ou angiogenèse est requise par les tumeurs pour leur alimentation en oxygène et en éléments nutritifs, et favorise la propagation des cellules malignes dans l’organisme (métastases). Mon travail a consisté en l’étude de l'activité et le rôle des gènes bHLH TAL-1 et LYL dans le système endothélial. L’expression de TAL-1 dans les tissus adultes est spécifiquement associée aux sites d’angiogenèse active, notamment dans les tumeurs fortement vascularisées, et agit, in vitro et in vivo, comme régulateur positif de l’angiogenèse en stimulant la morphogenèse des cellules endothéliales. La fonction de LYL est encore inconnue ; cependant, des résultats préliminaires du laboratoire suggèrent que LYL puisse exercer des fonctions antagonistes à celles de TAL-1 dans l’angiogenèse. Pour tester cette hypothèse, nous avons développé différents systèmes expérimentaux ex vivo, utilisant des cellules endothéliales (CEs) humaines primaires, qui reproduisent certaines situations physiologiques (quiescence) ou certaines étapes de l’angiogenèse. Nous avons développé différents outils (adénovirus, siRNA) pour modifier l’expression ou l’activité de ces deux facteurs dans les CEs. L’ensemble des résultats obtenus montre que les facteurs LYL et TAL-1 exercent des effets opposés sur le comportement des cellules endothéliales dans différents modèles d’angiogenèse, et suggèrent que leur activité soit requise pour des processus cellulaires distincts. Nous avons identifié le gène de la VE-cadhérine comme étant un gène cible de ces deux facteurs. Nous avons entamé une étude d’un transcriptome qui a terme nous permettra d’identifier d’autres gènes cible probable de ces deux facteursForming new blood vessels is a must for tumor survival and progression, since tumor angiogenesis plays a major role in bringing oxygen and nutritive elements tout the tumor cells and specially helping them to progress and invade other organs and tissues (metastases). My thesis work consists on studying the role of two genes TAL-1 and LYL in the endothelial system. In adults, TAL-1 expression is strictly associated to active angiogenesis sites and acts as a positive regulator of angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. LYL function is still undiscovered but results from our team suggest that LYL might play an antagonist role with TAL-1 activity in angiogenesis. To test this hypothesis we developed different in vitro and in vivo systems using endothelial cells, adenoviruses siRNA technique… All our results indicate that TAL-1 and LYL have antagonist effect on endothelial cells morphology within different angiogenesis models. We identified VE-cadherine as the first target gene under the control of both factors
19
Connelly, Erin. "Lylye of Medicynes : an edition of the fifteenth-century translation of Bernard of Gordon's 'Lilium Medicinae'." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/33811/.
Abstract:
This is an edition of the Middle English Lylye of Medicynes, a fifteenth-century translation of Bernard of Gordon’s Latin Lilium Medicinae (completed in 1305). The Lylye is contained in Oxford Bodleian Library MS. Ashmole 1505 as a sole text. Although there are multiple witnesses in Latin, there are no other known Middle English witnesses of this text. The Lylye is arranged in a ‘head to toe’ format (beginning with diseases of the head and proceeding downward) with accompanying guidelines for diagnosis and prognosis. Although the text does contain some medical theory and aetiology (based on thought from Arabic medicine, specifically Ibn Sīnā, and Antiquity, predominantly Galen and Hippocrates), it is mainly comprised of a large volume of medicinal recipes and treatments.
20
Wang, Shoutang. "Fonctions du facteur de transcription Lyl-1 dans le développement du lignage macrophagique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS457/document.
Abstract:
Les macrophages (MΦ) du système nerveux central forment la microglie, qui contrôle son homéostasie. Plusieurs modèles de "fate mapping" ont montré que la microglie provenait du Sac vitellin (SV). Celui-ci produit les MΦ en deux vagues indépendantes. Dans la première, des progéniteurs restreints génèrent des MΦ primitifs, alors que dans la seconde, des progéniteurs érythro-myéloïdes produisent des MΦ définitifs. Les progéniteures primitifs et définitifs ont les mêmes phenotype et voie de différenciation. Leurs spécificités et leurs contributions aux étapes ultérieures du développement sont donc encore incomprises. Nous montrons que l'expression du facteur de transcription Lyl-1 discrimine les populations de MΦ primitifs et définitifs. Les MΦ primitifs Lyl-1+ fournissent la microglie de l'embryon. De plus, l'invalidation de Lyl-1 disruption conduit à une production accrue de MΦ primitive dans le SV précoce, puis à une réduction du contingent microglial à deux stades spécifiques du développement. Lyl-1 est spécifiquement exprimé par la microglie et aucun autre type cellulaire nerveux. Son inactivation conduit à des modifications comportementales typiques de l'anxiété sociale. Nous identifions donc Lyl-1 comme un marqueur des MΦ primitifs du SV qui donnent naissance à la microglie de l'embryon. Nous montrons également que Lyl-1 contrôle l'expansion et la différenciation de la microglie, et est ainsi impliqué dans la régulation des processus du neuro-développementMicroglia are tissue macrophages (MΦ) of the central nervous system that control tissue homeostasis. Different fate mapping models have shown that microglia originates from the yolk sac (YS). Macrophages production in the YS occurs in two independent waves. In the first, primitive MΦ originate from restricted progenitors, while in the second, definitive MΦ are produced by erythro-myeloid progenitors. Because primitive and definitive MΦ progenitors share the same phenotype and differentiation pathway, their specific features and contribution to further developmental steps are still poorly understood. We here show that the expression of thee transcription factor Lyl-1 discriminates primitive and definitive MΦ populations. YS-derived Lyl-1+ primitive MΦ contribute to embryonic microglia. Moreover, Lyl-1 disruption results in an increased production of primitive MΦ progenitors in the early YS. It also leads to the reduction of the microglia pool at two specific development stages. Lyl-1 is specifically expressed in microglia, but not other brain cells and its inactivation leads to behavioral changes typical for social anxiety disorders. Thus, we identify Lyl-1 as a marker for YS primitive MΦ that will give rise to the entire microglia. We show that Lyl-1 controls microglia expansion and differentiation and is involved in the regulation of neurodevelopmental processes
21
King, Emerson Randall. "Analysis of the LYL-1Null mutant mouse : a possible role in haematopoitic progenitor cell mobilisation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399258.
22
Kaushik, Anna-Lila. "Rôle du facteur de transcription Lyl-1 au cours du développement hématopoïétique chez la souris." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112056.
Abstract:
Au cours du développement embryonnaire, les premières cellules hématopoïétiques qui apparaissent dans le sac vitellin (SV) sont des précurseurs à potentiel limité. Plus tard, dans le compartiment intra-embryonnaire, les cellules souches hématopoïétiques (CSH), capables de se différencier dans tous les lignages sanguins et de reconstituer à long terme l’hématopoïèse de souris létalement irradiées, sont générées dans la région de l’aorte, les gonades et le mésonephros (AGM). Lyl-1 et SCL, deux facteurs de transcription qui présentent une forte homologie de séquence au niveau du domaine basique bHLH ont été identifiés dans les leucémies aigues lymphoblastiques T. SCL est indispensable à la mise en place de l’hématopoïèse du SV et de l’AGM. Alors que la fonction de SCL dans l’hématopoïèse est connue, le rôle de Lyl-1 n’a été que peu étudié. Nous avons montré en utilisant des souris Lyl-1/LacZ « knock-in » que lyl-1 comme scl est exprimé dans les CSH de l’AGM. Dans le SV, alors que l’ARNm de lyl-1 et de scl sont exprimés dans le SV, la protéine Lyl-1D/-Gal n’a pas été détectée. Nous avons voulu par la suite préciser l’expression et la fonction de Lyl-1 durant l’ontogenèse. Lyl-1 joue ainsi un rôle uniquement dans la vague de production de macrophages issus du SV. Dans le compartiment intra-embryonnaire, l’invalidation de lyl-1 mène à une diminution du nombre de CSH de l’AGM. Le pool des CSH dans l’AGM peut être formé à partir de la génération de novo ou de l’expansion des CSH. En utilisant, deux différentes approches pour discriminer ces deux mécanismes, nous avons montré que Lyl-1 n’est pas impliqué dans la génération des CSH mais contrôle leur amplificationIn the mouse, the first wave of hematopoietic precursor generation, which occurs in the yolk sac (YS) from 7. 5 days post-coitus (dpc), gives rise to erythroid and myeloid cells. A second generation event takes place in the Aorta, Gonads and Mesonephros region (AGM) from 9 dpc and gives rise to HSC. Tal-1/scl and Lyl-1 genes, two related basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors were initially identified in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Tal-1/SCL is required for hematopoietic precursors generation in both the YS and AGM. We previously showed, using lyl-1lacZ mice, that Lyl-1 is expressed by AGM-HSC, as is Tal-1/SCL. Unlike Tal-1/SCL, the Lyl-1/-Gal protein seems absent from YS blood islands whereas Lyl-1 mRNA is expressed. We precise Lyl-1 expression and function during hematopoietic ontogeny. We confirm that Lyl-1/-Gal is absent from YS hematopoietic precursors, but becomes expressed in myeloid cells upon differentiation. Lyl-1 disruption increases YS monopotent macrophages progenitors and immature myeloid cells. In contrast, intra-embryonic myeloid differentiation is normal. Lyl-1 thus appears to regulate the production of the first YS macrophages. In the intra-embryonic compartment, Lyl-1 mutant harbor a reduced number of AGM-HSC. The respective contribution generation and expansion to the establishment of the AGM-HSC pool is currently unknown. A defective HSC generation or an impaired amplification may thus be responsible for the decreased HSC pool in Lyl-1 mutants. Using two different approaches to discriminate the two mechanisms, we show that Lyl-1 is not involved in HSC generation, but controls AGM-HSC amplification
23
Hajj, Rawan El. "Fonctions des facteurs bHLH, TAL-1 et LYL dans les cellules endothéliales : recherche de gènes cibles." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20122.
Abstract:
L'angiogenèse est constituée de plusieurs étapes de migration, proliferation et morphogenèse. Ces étapes sont controllées par plusieurs facteurs de transcription comme deux facteurs apparentés de la famille bHLH TAL-1 et LYL. TAL-1 est associé à l'angiogenèse active alors que LYL est responsable du maintien de la quiescence des tissus. Pour comprendre leur mode de fonctionnement, une étude du transcriptome réalisée en aval de ces facteurs dans les cellules endothéliales révèle de plusieurs gènes modulés par ces deux facteurs et qui ont des fonctions majeurs durant l'angiogenèse : VE-cadh, ANG2, MMP10 et inhibiteur de la différenciation. On a démontré que la VE-cad, constituant majeur des jonctions adhérentes endothéliales, est le premier cible de TAL-1 et ses cofacteurs E47, LMO2, GATA2 et LDB1. Le deuxième gène sélectionné, ANG2, joue un rôle majeur dans la lignée endothéliale. L'étude de ce gène montre qu'il est directement contrôlé par TAL-1 et ses cofacteurs. Des études doivent être réalisées sur les autres gènes régulés pour essayer de trouver des cibles de TAL-1 et de LYLAngiogenesis consists of several steps of migration, proliferation and morphogenesis. This series of events is controlled by several transcription factors like TAL-1 and LYL which are two related factors belonging to the bHLH family. Whereas TAL-1 is associated with active angiogenesis, the expression of LYL on the contrary is upregulated in quiescent tissues. To understand their respective functions, we performed transcriptome analysis downstream these two factors in endothelial cells, revealed several genes that are modulated by both factors and known to have important functions in angiogenesis: VE-cadh, ANG2, MMP10 and Inhibitor of differentiation-1. We demonstrated that the gene encoding VE-cadh, the major component of endothelial adherens junction, is the first target of TAL-1 in endothelial cells and its cofactors E47, LMO2, GATA2 and LDB1. The second selected gene, ANG2, plays a major role in the endothelial lineage. The study of this gene show that it is also directly controlled by TAL-1 and its co-factors. Studies will be done on other regulated genes to find other targets of TAL-1 and LYL
24
Pirot, Nelly. "Conséquences in vivo de l'absence de Lyl sur la fonction endothéliale en conditions physiologique et pathologique." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20100.
Abstract:
Le facteur de transcription bHLH LYL, apparenté à TAL-1, est exprimé dans les systèmes hématopoïétique et cardiovasculaire embryonnaires. La souris déficiente en Lyl (Lyl-/-) est viable mais présente un nombre réduit de lymphocytes B et une altération de l'autorenouvellement à long terme des cellules souches hématopoïétiques. Jusqu'à présent, rien n'était connu sur le rôle de LYL dans les cellules endothéliales. Les résultats présentés dans cette thèse montrent que Lyl est exprimé aussi bien dans l'endothélium angiogénique que quiescent. Son absence amplifie l'angiogenèse observée dans des tumeurs syngéniques ou dans des plugs de matrigel. Les vaisseaux tumoraux sanguins sont plus larges, plus perméants et plus immatures. Ce phénotype des néovaisseaux est associé à un maintien de l'expression de Tal-1 et une augmentation de l'expression d'Ang-2 et de la VE-cadhérine. In vitro, l'invalidation de LYL dans des HUVEC conduit à une diminution de l'expression de gènes impliqués dans la régulation des jonctions adhérentes et dans la liaison à la matrice extracellulaire. Ces données démontrent que Lyl joue un rôle dans l'initiation et le maintien de la stabilisation des vaisseaux sanguins. De plus, l'étude de la vasculature pulmonaire a montré la présence d'infiltrats inflammatoires dans les poumons des souris Lyl-/-, associés à une perméabilité accrue de l'endothélium. Lyl participerait donc également à la régulation de l'intégrité de la barrière vasculaire pulmonaire. Ce travail démontre pour la première fois l'importance de Lyl dans la cellule endothéliale et ouvre de nouvelles voies d'exploration sur la régulation de l'angiogenèse et le contrôle de la perméabilité vasculaireThe transcriptional factor LYL, belonging to the bHLH family, is expressed in developing hematopoietic and vascular systems. Lyl-deficient mice are viable and display a reduced number of mature B cells and a diminution in the frequency of immature progenitors. Up to now, nothing was known concerning the role of LYL in endothelial cell. The results presented in this thesis demonstrated that Lyl is expressed both in angiogenic and quiescent endothelium. In vivo, deletion of Lyl increases angiogenesis processes observed in syngenic tumors and in matrigel plugs subcutaneously implanted in mice. Tumor blood vessels from Lyl-deficient mice are larger, leakier and more immature. This phenotype of newly formed vessels is associated with a sustained expression of Tal-1 and an increased expression of Ang-2 and VE-cadherin. In vitro, LYL invalidation by siRNA in HUVEC induces the reduction of the expression of genes regulating the formation of adherens junctions and the binding to extracellular matrix. All together, these results demonstrate that Lyl is involved in the initiation and the maintenance of blood vessels stabilization and maturation. Furthermore, the study of the vascularized organs in adult mice showed the presence, in the lungs of Lyl-deficient mice, of cellular infiltrates composed of inflammatory cells and associated with an increased permeability of the endothelium. Therefore, Lyl might also be involved in the maintenance of endothelial barrier in the lung. This work establishes for the first time the importance of Lyl in the endothelial cell physiology and opens news ways to study the regulation of angiogenesis and the control of vascular permeability
25
Ren, Deshan. "Functions of the transcription factor Lyl-1 in the hematopoietic development of the embryo : Focus on yolk sac macrophages and hematopoietic stem cells." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS189/document.
Abstract:
Pendant l'ontogenèse, les progéniteurs hématopoïétiques sont générés en 3 vagues indépendantes. Les 2 premières (primitive, puis transitoire définitive) ont lieu dans le sac vitellin (SV), avant la génération des Cellules Souches Hématopoïétiques (CSH), qui apparaissent plus tard au niveau de la région "Aorta‐Gonad‐Mesonephros" (AGM), lors de la 3ème vague, dite définitive. Tal1/SCL et son paralogue Lyl‐1 appartiennent à un complexe transcriptionnel qui régule le développement hématopoïétique. Tal‐1/SCL est indispensable à la spécification des progéniteurs hématopoïétiques des 3 vagues. Par contre, le rôle de Lyl‐1 lors du développement hématopoïétique est mal connu. Grâce au gène rapporteur lacZ des souris Lyl‐1lacZ, nous montrons que Lyl‐1 marque et régule les progéniteurs macrophagiques primitifs (MΦPrim) du SV, ainsi que la microglie. Notre analyse en RNA‐seq montre que l'ensemble des gènes exprimés par les progéniteurs MΦPrim est bien distinct de celui des progéniteurs MΦ transitoire définitifs, plus tardifs, reflétant le statut primitif des MΦPrim. De plus, l'invalidation de Lyl‐1 influence les voies de signalisations de l'inflammation et conduit à une activation anormale des gènes de la microglie impliqués dans la régulation synaptique. Lors de la 3ème vague du développement hématopoïétique, nous montrons que l'invalidation de Lyl‐1 conduit à une diminution de l'activité des reconstitutions à long terme des CSH de l'AGM à E10 et à une réduction de la population de CSH dans le foie fœtal à E12 et E14. La réduction de la population de CSH semble liée uniquement à un taux accru d'apoptose des CSH Lyl‐1LacZ/LacZ uniquement au stade de l'AGM. En conclusion, nos résultats montrent que Lyl‐1 régule la production des progéniteurs MΦ primitifs, le développement de la microglie et celui des CSH, dont il contrôle la taille de la population, peu après leur générationDuring ontogeny, hematopoietic progenitors are generated in three independent waves, the first two (primitive and transient definitive) develop from the yolk sac (YS), before the appearance of Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSC) that occurs later in the Aorta‐Gonad‐Mesonephros (AGM), in the third and definitive wave. Both Tal1/SCL and its paralog Lyl‐1 belong to the transcriptional complex that regulates hematopoietic progenitor development. While Tal‐1/SCL is mandatory for the specification of hematopoietic progenitors from the three embryonic waves, to date the functions of Lyl‐1 during developmental hematopoiesis remains largely unknown. By making use of the lacZ reporter from the Lyl‐1lacZ mice, we previously found that Lyl‐1 marks and regulates YS macrophage progenitors from the primitive wave (MΦPrim), and embryonic microglia. In a RNA‐seq analysis, we show that MΦPrim gene expression landscape is clearly distinct from later transient definitive MΦ progenitors, reflecting their primitive status. Lyl‐1 invalidation also influences some inflammatory signalling pathways and also leads to the abnormal activation of microglia genes involved in synaptic regulation. In the definitive wave, we found that Lyl‐1 disruption leads to a reduced efficiency of long‐term reconstitution by HSC from embryonic day (E)10 AGM and reduced HSC pool size in E12 and E14 fetal liver. The reduction of the HSC pool results from a higher apoptosis level in Lyl‐1LacZ/LacZ HSCs restricted to the AGM stage. Together, our data establish that Lyl‐1 regulates the development of MΦPrim progenitors and HSC pool size soon after they are generated
26
Dhanaseelan, Tamilvendhan. "TALEN-mediated site-directed mutagenesis of HLH proteins lyl1 and Id4 to reveal their role in haematopoietic and neural stem cell fate." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32805/.
Abstract:
Basic Helix-Loop-Helix proteins are transcriptional regulators crucial for many development processes. Using gain- and loss-of-function analysis in zebrafish, the functional role of two members of this protein family, lyl1 (Lymphoblastic leukaemia 1) and Id4 (Inhibitor of differentiation 4) in stem cell fate was determined. Ectopic overexpression of lyl1 resulted in the expansion of haematopoietic stem cell pool and its progeny promoting erythrocyte differentiation and suppressing myeloid differentiation. TALEN-mediated lyl1-/¬- embryos developed normally but displayed distinct marker gene expression during primitive and definitive haematopoiesis establishing a role for lyl1 in both waves of haematopoiesis. During primitive haematopoiesis expression of scl/tal1 and gata1 was unaltered but expression of pu.1 was increased suggesting that lyl1 antagonises myeloid differentiation. Lyl1-deficiency resulted in reduction of Gfi1aa expression during primitive and definitive haematopoiesis. In addition, a reduction in the expression of c-myb in the caudal hematopoietic tissue and rag1 in the thymus was observed indicating that lyl1 is required to maintain the definitive haematopoietic stem cell pool and to drive T lymphopoiesis. In adult zebrafish lyl1 regulates lineage choice driving lymphopoiesis and suppressing myelopoiesis. Morpholino-mediated knockdown of Id4 alone or in combination with p53 resulted in reduced cell proliferation, increased cell death and premature neuronal differentiation. Phenotypic analysis of TALEN-mediated Id4 mutants confirmed that Id4 plays a crucial role in the expansion of neural stem cells and timing of neuronal differentiation. Inhibition of p38MAPK in Id4 morphants as well as Id4-/- mutants resulted in a phenotypic rescue establishing that Id4 negatively regulates p38MAPK activity to ensure normal neurogenesis.
27
Wood, Derek. "“Art had almost left them:” Les Cenelles Society of Arts and Letters, The Dillard Project, and the Legacy of Afro-Creole Arts in New Orleans." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2016. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2202.
Abstract:
In 1942, in New Orleans a group of intellectual and artistic African-Americans, led by Marcus B. Christian, formed an art club named Les Cenelles Society of Arts and Letters. Les Cenelles members both looked to New Orleans’s Afro-Creole population as the pinnacle of African American artistic achievements and used their example as a model for artists who sought to effect social change. Many of the members of Les Cenelles wrote for the Louisiana Federal Writers’ Program (FWP). A key strategy the members of Les Cenelles used to accomplish their goals was gaining the support of white civic leaders, in particular Lyle Saxon. Christian and Saxon’s relationship was unusual in the 1940s Jim Crow era in the sense that it was built upon mutual respect and admiration. This thesis examines both the efforts of Les Cenelles and the black division of the FWP, as well as Christian and Saxon’s relationship.
28
Herranz, Martín Nicolás. "New insights in the epigenetic control of EMT." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/80660.
Abstract:
The
epithelial
to
mesenchymal
transition
(EMT)
is
a
highly
conserved
cellular
program
that
allows
well-‐differentiated
epithelial
cells
to
convert
to
motile
mesenchymal
cells.
EMT
is
critical
for
appropriate
embryogenesis
and
plays
a
crucial
role
in
tumorigenesis
and
cancer
progression.
At
this
regard,
it
has
become
increasingly
evident
that,
in
addition
to
genetic
alterations,
tumour
development
involves
the
alteration
of
gene
expression
patterns
owing
to
epigenetic
changes.
Taking
this
into
account,
this
thesis
mainly
addresses
the
description
of
new
molecular
epigenetic
mechanisms
underlying
one
of
the
hallmark
processes
governing
EMT,
the
Snail1-‐mediated
E-‐cadherin
repression.
Indeed,
our
results
demonstrate
that
both
Polycomb
group
(PcG)
proteins
and
the
LOXL2
protein
are
involved
in
this
process.
Apart
from
providing
novel
insights
into
the
significance
of
these
proteins
in
tumor
progression,
our
work
uncovers
the
characterization
of
a
new
epigenetic
modification
carried
out
by
LOXL2;
H3K4
deamination.La transició epiteli-‐mesènquima (EMT) és un programa cel·lular molt conservat que permet a les cèl·lules epitelials convertir-‐se en cèl·lules mesenquimals indiferenciades. La EMT és un procés crucial pel desenvolupament embrionari i per la progressió tumoral. A aquest respecte, ha esdevingut cada cop més evident que el desenvolupament tumoral no només està associat a alteracions genètiques, sinó també a l'alteració de l’expressió gènica causada per canvis epigenètics. Tenint això en compte, aquesta tesi es centra en la descripció de nous mecanismes moleculars en l’àmbit de l’epigenètica associats a un dels processos clau en la EMT, la repressió de la E-‐ cadherina mitjançada pel factor de transcripció Snail1. De fet, els nostres resultats demostren que tant les proteïnes del grup Polycomb (PcG) com la proteïna LOXL2 estan implicades en aquest procés. A part de proporcionar nova informació respecte la importància d'aquestes proteïnes en la progressió tumoral, la nostra feina ha permès la caracterització d'una nova modificació epigenètica duta a terme per la proteïna LOXL2; la deaminació de H3K4.
29
Heil, Jacob Allen. "Authors, Audiences, and Elizabethan Prologics." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-12-7543.
Abstract:
In examining examples of prologues, inductions, and choruses from early modern drama, Authors, Audiences, and Elizabethan Prologics tries to frame a more comprehensive picture of dramatists’ relationships with the plays they write and the audiences for whom they write them. It suggests that these various prologics are imbued with an intrinsic authority that provides something of a rubric, perceptible by both playwright and playgoer, through which one can measure the crucial negotiations with and within the shifting valences of dramatic representation in the early modern period. The project develops a way of thinking about the prologic as a hermeneutics unto itself, one which allows us to contextualize more adequately the manner in which playwrights conceptualize and construct their own relationship to nascent notions of authorship and authority.
My first body chapter (Chapter II) considers the rhetorical construction of audiences’ silences in various Elizabethan interludes, suggesting that such ideal silences register one’s contemplative engagement with the performance and, thus, work to legitimize early drama. The prologues to John Lyly’s plays—my subject in Chapter III—exemplify the desire to legitimize, instead, the playwright. Reading Lyly’s plays alongside his letters of petition to Queen Elizabeth and Sir Robert Cecil, one can see the manner in which Lyly creates an authorial persona rooted in his rhetorical skills. In Chapter IV I examine Shakespeare’s sparse but measured use of prologues to manipulate his audiences’ preconceptions of theatrical conventions and to guide them toward a consideration of what it means to have interpretive agency, how far that agency extends, and where to locate the limits of narrative in the necessarily liminal domain of the theater. Finally, I argue in Chapter V that Thomas Nashe’s Summer’s Last Will and Testament expands the prologic space, mimicking in the playspace the critical, interactive stance that he assumes in the printed marginalia of his prose writing. This is to say that Summer’s Last Will echoes—or in many cases prefigures—the authorial anxieties that Nashe expresses elsewhere in his work, and chief among them is an anxiety over the interpretational agency of the reader and auditor.
30
McArthur, M. Glenn. "Virtual lyle : architecture transformed an online exhibition informed by a three-stage user study /." 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR29289.
Abstract:
Thesis (M.Des.)--York University, 2007. Graduate Programme in Fine Arts.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 43-48). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR29289
31
Lisý, Štěpán. "Vykladačská činnost Mikuláše z Lyry v Postille litteralis a její význam v křesťanské exegetické tradici." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-273894.
Abstract:
Vykladačská činnost Mikuláše z Lyry v Postille litteralis a její význam v křesťanské exegetické tradici Exegetical Appoaches of Nicholas de Lyra in Postilla litteralis and Ins Role in Christian Tradition Štěpán Lisý The present work studies variability in Nicholas of Lyra's exegesis in his Postilla litteralis and its role in Christian misionary activities among Jews and Muslims. Lyra's postila is significantly influenced by commentary of Rabbi Shlomo ben Yitzchak. In Postilla litteralis there is a minor influence of commentaries of David Kimchi (Radak), Abraham Ibn Ezra and Raymundus Martini as well. Also in the study the author examines the impact of Postilla litteralis on later scholars and existing numerous manuscripts of Lyra's works in Bohemian and Moravian lands.