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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Lying; Truth telling; Deception

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Academic literature on the topic 'Lying; Truth telling; Deception'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Lying; Truth telling; Deception"

1

Desforges, Donna M., and Thomas C. Lee. "Detecting Deception is Not as Easy as it Looks." Teaching of Psychology 22, no. 2 (April 1995): 128–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15328023top2202_10.

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This exercise allows students to experience the difference between cues for perceived and actual deception. Students viewed classmates telling the truth and lying. Students' judgments indicated that deception detection was accurate less than 50% of the time. This discovery allowed for an in-depth discussion of deception, detection, and nonverbal communication.

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ARCIULI, JOANNE, DAVID MALLARD, and GINA VILLAR. "“Um, I can tell you're lying”: Linguistic markers of deception versus truth-telling in speech." Applied Psycholinguistics 31, no. 3 (June 4, 2010): 397–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716410000044.

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ABSTRACTLying is a deliberate attempt to transmit messages that mislead others. Analysis of language behaviors holds great promise as an objective method of detecting deception. The current study reports on the frequency of use and acoustic nature of “um” and “like” during laboratory-elicited lying versus truth-telling. Results obtained using a within-participants false opinion paradigm showed that instances of “um” occur less frequently and are of shorter duration during lying compared to truth-telling. There were no significant differences in relation to “like.” These findings contribute to our understanding of the linguistic markers of deception behavior. They also assist in our understanding of the role of “um” in communication more generally. Our results suggest that “um” may not be accurately conceptualized as a filled pause/hesitation or speech disfluency/error whose increased usage coincides with increased cognitive load or increased arousal during lying. It may instead carry a lexical status similar to interjections and form an important part of authentic, effortless communication, which is somewhat lacking during lying.

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Al-Simadi, Fayez A. "DETECTION OF DECEPTIVE BEHAVIOR: A CROSS-CULTURAL TEST." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 28, no. 5 (January 1, 2000): 455–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2000.28.5.455.

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This article reports a cross-cultural test for the detection of deception from behavior. Jordanians and Malaysians were videotaped while lying and telling the truth, and Jordanians and Malaysians judged the resulting tapes for deception. The experiment was conducted at Yarmouk University; the subjects were 40 Jordanian students and 32 Malaysian students. Results show that lies can be detected across cultures from an audiovisual presentation. Ancillary results reveal cross- cultural consensus in judgments of deception from both auditory and visual cues. Discrimination between lies and the truth was clear – and was more accurate for targets who tried to convey, rather than conceal, it.

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Hadar, Aviad A., Avi Lazarovits, and Kielan Yarrow. "Increased Motor Cortex Excitability for Concealed Visual Information." Journal of Psychophysiology 33, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 286–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803/a000230.

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Abstract. Deceptive behavior involves complex neural processes involving the primary motor cortex. The dynamics of this motor cortex excitability prior to lying are still not well understood. We sought to examine whether corticospinal excitability can be used to suggest the presence of deliberately concealed information in a modified version of the guilty knowledge test (GKT). Participants pressed keys to either truthfully or deceitfully indicate their familiarity with a series of faces. Motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded during response preparation to measure muscle-specific neural excitability. We hypothesized that MEPs would increase during the deceptive condition not only in the lie-telling finger but also in the suppressed truth-telling finger. We report a group-level increase in overall corticospinal excitability 300 ms following stimulus onset during the deceptive condition, without specific activation of the neural representation of the truth-telling finger. We discuss cognitive processes, particularly response conflict and/or automated responses to familiar stimuli, which may drive the observed nonspecific increase of motor excitability in deception.

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Ure, Michael. "Arendt’s Apology." Philosophy Today 62, no. 2 (2018): 419–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philtoday201866219.

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In 1967, Hannah Arendt published an essay with the deceptively simple title “Truth and Politics” (1967). Most scholarly discussions of her essay consider her distinction between a traditional political art of limited, deliberate, strategic lying and modern, organised, global lying and self-deception and then evaluate her qualified defence of the virtues of mendacity. This article suggests, however, that her essay has a much broader ambit: viz., to defend the political value of truth-telling. The main purpose of this article is to demonstrate that she formulates her essay as an apology of the truth-teller in politics and of her own truth-telling in her controversial report of the Eichmann trial. It first surveys the personal motives of Arendt’s political defence of frank speech. It shows that in developing this defence she significantly revises her scepticism about the value of truth-telling in politics. She does so by identifying three different types of truth-teller with distinctive political roles: philosophers who exemplify the truth in their own lives, citizens who see the world from other people’s perspectives, and poets and historians whose stories reconcile citizens to the past. Finally, it argues that the tragic political perspective Arendt sought to revive requires acknowledging value of the emotions in making political judgments.

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Anderson-Gold, Sharon. "Privacy, Respect and the Virtues of Reticence in Kant." Kantian Review 15, no. 2 (July 2010): 28–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1369415400002429.

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At a time when the public is increasingly exposed to public scandals, moral defences of privacy are hard to come by. Privacy, it is argued, is merely a cloak for deception and vice. Since the virtuous have nothing to hide, full disclosure of ourselves to others must be a moral obligation. Given the rigour with which Kant defends the prohibition on lying, many have inferred that Kantian ethics must be equally strict on the necessity of truth telling. Do we in fact owe others the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth?

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Lee, Chih-Chen, Robert B. Welker, and Marcus D. Odom. "Features of Computer-Mediated, Text-Based Messages that Support Automatable, Linguistics-Based Indicators for Deception Detection." Journal of Information Systems 23, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jis.2009.23.1.24.

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ABSTRACT: Researchers are assessing the viability of automating deception detection in TAC (text-based, asynchronous, computer-mediated) messages. Viability is conditional on whether deceivers incorporate different features in their TAC messages than truth tellers do and on whether these differentiating features support deception indicators suitable for automation. We propose that deceivers incorporate different features in their messages to realize impression-management goals. They avoid message features people associate with lying (defensive-targeted features) and include message features people associate with truth telling (promotive-targeted features). In a series of three studies, we assessed features that may be part of deceivers' impression-management strategies and then assessed whether deceivers' messages contain different levels of these features than truth tellers' messages. The results show that deceivers construct different messages than truth tellers do and that the differences relate to promotive-targeted features. These findings suggest that researchers look to promotive goals of deceivers for automatable deception indicators in TAC communication.

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Mameli, Francesca, Cristina Scarpazza, Emanuele Tomasini, Roberta Ferrucci, Fabiana Ruggiero, Giuseppe Sartori, and Alberto Priori. "The guilty brain: the utility of neuroimaging and neurostimulation studies in forensic field." Reviews in the Neurosciences 28, no. 2 (February 1, 2017): 161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2016-0048.

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AbstractSeveral studies have aimed to address the natural inability of humankind to detect deception and accurately discriminate lying from truth in the legal context. To date, it has been well established that telling a lie is a complex mental activity. During deception, many functions of higher cognition are involved: the decision to lie, withholding the truth, fabricating the lie, monitoring whether the receiver believes the lie, and, if necessary, adjusting the fabricated story and maintaining a consistent lie. In the previous 15 years, increasing interest in the neuroscience of deception has resulted in new possibilities to investigate and interfere with the ability to lie directly from the brain. Cognitive psychology, as well as neuroimaging and neurostimulation studies, are increasing the possibility that neuroscience will be useful for lie detection. This paper discusses the scientific validity of the literature on neuroimaging and neurostimulation regarding lie detection to understand whether scientific findings in this field have a role in the forensic setting. We considered how lie detection technology may contribute to addressing the detection of deception in the courtroom and discussed the conditions and limits in which these techniques reliably distinguish whether an individual is lying.

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Dzindolet, Mary T., and Linda G. Pierce. "Using a Linguistic Analysis Tool to Detect Deception." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 3 (September 2005): 563–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504900374.

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Detecting deception is important, yet accuracy rates remain low (e.g., DePaulo & Friedman, 1998). Pennebaker et al. (2003) suggest a linguistic analysis tool may be able to detect deception because people use a different linguistic style when telling the truth than when lying. For example, the anxiety experienced by liars may “leak” into their words. The cognitive resources devoted to the lie will be taken from the message. Newman et al. (2003) found support for these hypotheses using the Linguistic Inquiry Word Count (LIWC). Dzindolet and Pierce (2004a) found the LIWC was useful in detecting deception among participants discussing music preferences. This study expands their work to include other topics. Results from the 2 (topic: movie or television) x 2 (topic importance: high or low) x 2 (communication type: lie or truth) design indicated that linguistic analysis tools may be useful in detecting deception across a variety of topics.

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Elaad, Eitan. "Lie-Detection Biases among Male Police Interrogators, Prisoners, and Laypersons." Psychological Reports 105, no. 3_suppl (December 2009): 1047–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.105.f.1047-1056.

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Beliefs of 28 male police interrogators, 30 male prisoners, and 30 male laypersons about their skill in detecting lies and truths told by others, and in telling lies and truths convincingly themselves, were compared. As predicted, police interrogators overestimated their lie-detection skills. In fact, they were affected by stereotypical beliefs about verbal and nonverbal cues to deception. Prisoners were similarly affected by stereotypical misconceptions about deceptive behaviors but were able to identify that lying is related to pupil dilation. They assessed their lie-detection skill as similar to that of laypersons, but less than that of police interrogators. In contrast to interrogators, prisoners tended to rate lower their lie-telling skill than did the other groups. Results were explained in terms of anchoring and self-assessment bias. Practical aspects of the results for criminal interrogation were discussed.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lying; Truth telling; Deception"

1

Polak, Alan. "Role of children's theory of mind in the expressive behaviours accompanying everyday deceit." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360424.

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Surprenant, Britni Grace. "Evaluating False Memory, Deception, and Truth-Telling using fNIRS." UNF Digital Commons, 2019. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/879.

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False memories happen when someone mis-remembers a past event that occurred. The study of false memories is commonly done using the DRM paradigm which can form false memories through semantic list learning. The current study is evaluating false memory, deception, and truth-telling using the DRM paradigm while measuring cortical activation with fNIRS. Results indicated no interactions between specific condition responses and brain regions in the prefrontal cortex. A main effect of condition was found indicating that correct responses have the lowest level of activation. Additionally, there were no significant differences found between deception and false memory responses. Further research needs to be conducted to help further analyze possible differences between these conditions as well as in more subcortical regions of the prefrontal cortex.

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Lee, Seow Ting. "Lying to tell the truth : journalists and the ethics of deception /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3060117.

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Koukoura, Angeliki. "Is Telling the Truth a New Index for Deception? : An Electrophysiological Approach." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för biovetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-13895.

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Polage, Danielle Cristi. "Truth, lies, and memory change : the effects of lying on subsequent memory /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9171.

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Mann, Samantha Ann. "Suspects, lies and videotape : an investigation into telling and detecting lies in police/suspect interviews." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369425.

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Sokol, Daniel. "Truth-telling and deception in contemporary medical practice : an empirical and philosophical analysis." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8026.

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Molinaro, Peter F. "Exoneration or Observation? Examining a Novel Difference Between Liars and Truth Tellers." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1833.

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Individual cues to deception are subtle and often missed by lay people and law enforcement alike. Linguistic statement analysis remains a potentially useful way of overcoming individual diagnostic limitations (e.g. Criteria based Content Analysis; Steller & Köhnken, 1989; Reality monitoring; Johnson & Raye, 1981; Scientific Content Analysis; Sapir, 1996). Unfortunately many of these procedures are time-consuming, require in-depth training, as well as lack empirical support and/or external validity. The current dissertation develops a novel approach to statement veracity analysis that is simple to learn, easy to administer, theoretically sound, and empirically validated. Two strategies were proposed for detecting differences between liars' and truth-tellers' statements. Liars were hypothesized to strategically write statements with the goal of self-exoneration. Liars' statements were predicted to contain more first person pronouns and fewer third person pronouns. Truth-tellers were hypothesized to be motivated toward being informative and thus produce statements with fewer first person pronouns and more third person pronouns. Three studies were conducted to test this hypothesis. The first study explored the verbal patterns of exoneration and informativeness focused statements. The second study used a traditional theft paradigm to examine these verbal patterns in guilty liars and innocent truth tellers. In the third study to better match the context of a criminal investigation a cheating paradigm was used in which spontaneous lying was induced and written statements were taken. Support for the first person pronoun hypothesis was found. Limited support was found for the third person pronoun hypothesis. Results, implications, and future directions for the current research are discussed.

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Quandte, Sabine. "It's always best to speak the truth, unless you are a good liar : Childrens strategies when telling the truth and lying." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516159.

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Storer, Heather J. "Authenticity in Branding." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1366662430.

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Books on the topic "Lying; Truth telling; Deception"

1

The dance of deception: Pretending and truth-telling in women's lives. London: Pandora Press, 1993.

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The dance of deception: Pretending and truth-telling in women's lives. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1993.

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The dance of deception: Pretending and truth-telling in women's lives. London: Thorsons, 1999.

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Lerner, Harriet Goldhor. The dance of deception: A guide to authenticity & truth-telling in women's relationships. New York: HarperPerennial Publishers, 1994.

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The varnished truth: Truth telling and deceiving in ordinary life. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.

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The varnished truth: Truth telling and deceiving in ordinary life. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.

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Nyberg, David. The varnished truth: Truth telling and deceiving in ordinary life. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.

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Lerner, Harriet Goldhor. The dance of deception: Pretending andtruth telling in women's lives. London: Pandora, 1993.

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9

Marrelli, Jocelyne Vincent. Words in the way of truth: Truthfulness, deception, lying across cultures and disciplines. Napoli [etc.]: Edizioni scientifiche italiane, 2004.

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10

Vital lies, simple truths: The psychology of self-deception. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lying; Truth telling; Deception"

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Furnham, Adrian, and John Taylor. "Deception, Dissimulation, Impression Management, Lying and the Truth." In Bad Apples, 148–86. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230303843_6.

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Laughlin, Robert B. "Truth Telling and Deception in the Internet Society." In Transparency in Social Media, 257–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18552-1_14.

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Dynel, Marta. "When Both Utterances and Appearances are Deceptive: Deception in Multimodal Film Narrative." In Perspectives in Pragmatics, Philosophy & Psychology, 205–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56696-8_12.

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AbstractThis article gives a comprehensive theoretical account of deception in multimodal film narrative in the light of the pragmatics of film discourse, the cognitive philosophy of film, multimodal analysis, studies of fictional narrative and – last but not least – the philosophy of lying and deception. Critically addressing the extant literature, a range or pertinent notions and issues are examined: multimodality, film narration and the status of the cinematic narrator, the pragmatics of film construction (notably, the characters’ communicative level and the one of the collective sender and the recipient), the fictional world and its truth, the recipient’s film engagement and make believing, as well as narrative unreliability. Previous accounts of deceptive films are revisited and three main types of film deception are proposed with regard to the two levels of communication on which it materialises, the characters’ level and the recipient’s level, as well as the intradiegetic and/or the extradiegetic narrator involved. This discussion is illustrated with multimodally transcribed examples of deception extracted from the American television seriesHouse.In the course of the analysis, attention is paid to how specific types of deception detailed in the philosophy of language (notably, lies, deceptive implicature, withholding information, covert ambiguity, and covert irrelevance) are deployed through multimodal means in the three types of film deception (extradiegetic deception, intradiegetic deception, and a combination of both when performed by both cinematic and intradiegetic narrators). Finally, inspired by the discussion of Hitchcock’s controversial lying flashback scene inStage Fright, as well as films relying on tacit intradiegetic, unreliable narrators (focalising characters) an attempt is made to answer the thorny question of when the extradiegetic (cinematic) narrator can perform lies (through mendacious multimodal assertions) addressed by the collective sender to the recipient, and not just only other forms of deception, as is commonly maintained.

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Russell Searight, H., and Taylor Meredith. "Physician Deception and Telling the Truth About Medical “Bad News”: History, Ethical Perspectives, and Cultural Issues." In The Palgrave Handbook of Deceptive Communication, 647–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96334-1_34.

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Carson, Thomas L. "Honesty, Conflicts, and the Telling of History: More Case Studies." In Lying and Deception, 232–55. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199577415.003.0014.

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"Truth Telling as a Journalistic Imperative." In The Interplay of Truth and Deception, 84–106. Routledge, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203887851-12.

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"The Logic of Lying and Truth-Telling." In Logical Labyrinths, 3–15. A K Peters/CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b10689-3.

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"The Logic of Lying and Truth-Telling." In Logical Labyrinths, 3–16. A K Peters/CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b10689-4.

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"Lying for Love in the Modern Age: Deception in Online Dating." In The Interplay of Truth and Deception, 167–82. Routledge, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203887851-17.

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"The primacy of truth-telling and the evolution of lying." In From a Biological Point of View, 71–92. Cambridge University Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511624940.005.

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