Journal articles: 'Lycaste'

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Oakeley, Henry F. "LYCASTE CANDIDA: Orchidaceae." Curtis's Botanical Magazine 10, no. 1 (February 1993): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8748.1993.tb00007.x.

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Machado, Wesley, and André Sarabia Zamarian. "Polpa de Banana, Água de Coco e Carvão Ativado no Desenvolvimento in vitro de Lycaste sp." Ensaios e Ciência C Biológicas Agrárias e da Saúde 24, no. 2 (August 26, 2020): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2020v24n2p159-163.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento inicial in vitro de plântulas da espécie de orquídea Lycaste sp. em meio de cultura com a adição de polpa de banana, água de coco e carvão ativado. O experimento foi conduzido em laboratório na Unopar, em Londrina, Paraná. Foi utilizado o meio de cultura MS (Murashige e Skoog) como suporte para o desenvolvimento das plântulas. As plântulas germinadas in vitro foram transferidas para meios de cultura, contendo as seguintes combinações: sem adição e com a combinação de polpa de banana e água de coco em meio (MS) com a concentração de totais de sais e meio com metade dos sais, acrescidos com e sem carvão ativado. Observou-se que os meios com concentração total de sais, água de coco e sem carvão ativado obtiveram um melhor resultado em comparação com o restante dos meios. As plântulas da espécie estudada não se desenvolveram em meio de cultura acrescido com polpa de banana, em função de oxidação. Baseado nos resultados, é possível concluir que a utilização de complexos nutritivos orgânicos afeta diretamente no desenvolvimento das plantas de Lycaste sp.

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Solís-Zanotelli, Flor Y., Juan V. Hidalgo-Contreras, and Obdulia Baltazar-Bernal. "CRECIMIENTO ex vitro DE PLÁNTULAS DE Lycaste aromatica (GRAHAM) LINDL." Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana 45, no. 3 (September 15, 2022): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.35196/rfm.2022.3.341.

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En la micropropagación vegetal la aclimatación es una etapa crucial para promover que en las plantas ocurran cambios morfológicos y fisiológicos para su adaptación ex vitro. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la supervivencia y desarrollo de plántulas de Lycaste aromatica (Graham) Lindl. obtenidas en dos sistemas de micropropagación (medio semisólido y medio líquido en biorreactor de inmersión por gravedad, BIG). Las plantulas se establecieron en sustratos diferentes (peat moss Premier® o musgo Sphagnum chileno) y recibieron diferentes fungicidas (PHC T-22®, Captan Plus® y Ridomil Bravo® 81, y plantas que no recibieron aplicación) en un diseño experimental completamente al azar con arreglo factorial 2 × 2 × 4, resultando 16 tratamientos. Durante 28 semanas de aclimatación las plantas estuvieron en charolas de plástico transparente con los sustratos correspndientes, en invernadero con temperatura en el intervalo de 20 a 37 °C, irradiancia de 85 μmol m-2 s-1 y 70 % de humedad relativa. Los resultados mostraron que las plantas tuvieron diferencias significativas en supervivencia y número de brotes debido al sistema de micropropagación en que se obtuvieron, mientras que los sustratos influyeron en la supervivencia y clorofila total en hojas. Las plantas obtenidas en medio semisólido y establecidas en sustrato musgo Sphagnum chileno sobrevivieron en proporción del 88 al 100 %. Las plantas obtenidas en el sistema BIG fueron las más altas, con 7.2 cm. Las plantas obtenidas en medio semisólido y establecidas en peat moss Premier® formaron 1.25 brotes. Por otro lado, las plantas obtenidas en medio semisólido, establecidas en peat moss Premier® con aplicación de fungicida Captan Plus® tuvieron más clorofila total (0.43 mg g-1 de peso fresco foliar). Los fungicidas no indujeron diferencias en la supervivencia de las plantas.

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Alfaro Pinto, Alejandra, Craig McGill, Jayanthi Nadarajan, Fredy Archila Morales, and Andrea Clavijo McCormick. "Seed Morphology of Three Neotropical Orchid Species of the Lycaste Genus." Seeds 2, no. 3 (August 7, 2023): 331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/seeds2030025.

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Neotropical orchids are vulnerable to extinction due to overharvesting, habitat destruction and climate change. However, a basic understanding of orchid seed biology to support conservation efforts is still lacking for most species. Seed morphology is linked to plant adaptation and evolution, influencing seed dispersal, dormancy, longevity, and germination, which are valuable traits for conservation. In this study, we characterized and compared the morphological traits of seed capsules (size, shape, and colour) and seeds (seed and embryo shape and size and internal airspace volume) for three epiphytic Neotropical orchid species of the genus Lycaste native to Guatemala: L. cochleata, L. lasioglossa, and L. virginalis. The three species show qualitative similarities in seed capsule colour and appearance and in seed morphology (i.e., scobiform oval-shaped seeds and prolate-spheroid embryos). All species have small-sized seeds (length of L. cochleata: 210 µm, L. lasioglossa: 230 µm, and L. virginalis: 260 µm), with proportionally large embryos (length of L. cochleata: 140 µm, L. lasioglossa: 120 µm, and L. virginalis: 150 µm) and an internal air-space volume that occupies less than half of the seed (L. cochleata: 17%, L. lasioglossa: 42%, and L. virginalis: 30%). This finding is consistent with previous reports for other epiphytic orchid species, which typically have lower air volumes than terrestrial orchids. These differences are likely a result of evolutionary changes associated with different habits and may influence seed dispersal. We also found some significant differences in seed morphology between the studied species, but their taxonomic, biological, and ecological relevance remain to be elucidated. More comparative studies, including on other Lycaste species with different habits, are needed to explore relationships between seed morphology, taxonomy, biology, and ecology in this genus to support its conservation.

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DAVIES, KEVIN L., and MALGORZATA STPICZYŃSKA. "Structure and distribution of floral trichomes in Lycaste and Sudamerlycaste (Orchidaceae: Maxillariinae s.l.)." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 164, no. 4 (November 19, 2010): 409–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2010.01091.x.

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Mata-Rosas, Martín, Rosario J. Baltazar-García, Pamela Moon, Peter Hietz, and Víctor E. Luna-Monterrojo. "In vitro regeneration of Lycaste aromatica (Graham ex Hook) Lindl. (Orchidaceae) from pseudobulb sections." Plant Biotechnology Reports 4, no. 2 (February 26, 2010): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11816-010-0132-5.

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Tejeda-Sartorius, Olga, and María de los Ángeles Aída Téllez Velasco. "Riqueza de la familia Orchidaceae en un bosque mesófilo de montaña en Chocamán, Veracruz, México." Acta Botanica Mexicana, no. 121 (October 2, 2017): 139–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21829/abm121.2017.1177.

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Antecedentes y Objetivos: Existen fragmentos de bosque mesófilo de montaña (BMM) en el centro de Veracruz que no se han estudiado florísticamente. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue registrar la riqueza de orquídeas en un fragmento de este tipo de bosque en Chocamán, Veracruz.Métodos: Se hizo trabajo de recolección de ejemplares, así como revisión de colecciones científicas e información bibliográfica.Resultados clave: El listado incluyó 36 especies pertenecientes a 25 géneros. Epidendrum fue el género con mayor número de especies (7), seguido por Dichaea, Lycaste, Oncidium, Prosthechea y Stelis, con dos cada uno, el resto de los géneros estuvo representado por una. Cuatro especies son endémicas de México (Epidendrum longipetalum, Gongora galeata, Oncidium incurvum y Trichocentrum pachyphyllum), y dos están protegidas por la legislación mexicana (O. incurvum y Stanhopea oculata). Epidendrum magnoliae y Epidendrum cf. radioferens son nuevos registros para la flora de Veracruz.Conclusiones: La orquideoflora aquí estudiada enfrenta problemas debido al cambio de uso de suelo y la extracción ilegal para comercio, por lo que urgen medidas para su conservación.

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Winkler, Manuela, Karl Hülber, Klaus Mehltreter, José García Franco, and Peter Hietz. "Herbivory in epiphytic bromeliads, orchids and ferns in a Mexican montane forest." Journal of Tropical Ecology 21, no. 2 (February 16, 2005): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467404002081.

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Herbivory is important in tropical woody plants, but the few data available suggest that rates of herbivory are mostly low in epiphytes. We quantified herbivory at the community level in five bromeliad, three orchid and five fern species of a Mexican humid montane forest. Leaf area loss was <1.5% in bromeliads and orchids, but much higher (7–20%) in ferns. Damage was positively correlated with leaf nitrogen content but not with leaf life span. In contrast to low leaf damage, many bromeliads were infested by curculionid larvae feeding on the meristematic tissue at the ramet base, and we estimate that this accounts for 18 and 31% of ramet and shoot death of large individuals of Tillandsia punctulata and T. deppeana, respectively. Herbivory in flowers, capsules or inflorescence stalks reduced fecundity by c. 14–18% in three of the five bromeliads and by 90% in the orchid Lycaste aromatica, but had little effect on the other species. These data show that even if the leaf area consumed is indeed low in epiphytic orchids and bromeliads, the less conspicuous damage done to reproductive organs and meristematic tissue can have a strong effect on fecundity and survival.

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Huang, Chang-Hai, and Jen-Ping Chung. "Efficient indirect induction of protocorm-like bodies and shoot proliferation using field-grown axillary buds of a Lycaste hybrid." Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) 106, no. 1 (December 1, 2010): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11240-010-9890-6.

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Mata-Rosas, Martín, and Víctor M. Salazar-Rojas. "Propagation and Establishment of Three Endangered Mexican Orchids from Protocorms." HortScience 44, no. 5 (August 2009): 1395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.44.5.1395.

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Protocols for in vitro propagation from protocorms of Mormodes tuxtlensis Salazar, Cuitlauzina pendula La Llave & Lex., and Lycaste skinneri (Batem. Ex. Lind.) Lind., three endangered species distributed in Mexico and highly appreciated as ornamentals, were developed. The effect of two different culture media, Murashige and Skoog (MS) and modified Knudson (KCm), combined with varying concentrations of N6-benzyladenine (0, 2.2, 4.4, 8.9, and 13.3 μM) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (0, 0.5 and 2.7 μM), were investigated. Shoot formation and development of protocorm-like bodies were observed. For all three species, cultures in MS produced more shoots per explant than those in KCm, and those shoots were longer and more robust in appearance. Maximum number of shoots for M. tuxtlensis (1.5) and C. pendula (24.3) were obtained in media supplemented with 13.3 μM and 2.2 μM N6-benzyladenine, respectively. Conversely, for L. skinneri the greatest shoot production (16.4) was achieved in medium supplemented with 2.7 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid. Subculturing explants in MS basal medium allowed further development and rooting of the shoots as well as growth of protocorm-like bodies. The effect of different potting mixes on ex vitro survival plantlets was also investigated; pine bark:oak charcoal:pumice (3:1:1) allowed the highest survival rates in all three species.

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Meneguzzo, Thiago E. C., Cássio Berg, and Mark W. Chase. "(2882) Proposal to conserve the name Lycaste against Anguloa and Xylobium ( Orchidaceae )." TAXON 71, no. 2 (April 2022): 475–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tax.12709.

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Jiménez-López, Derio Antonio, Eduardo Alberto Pérez-García, Nayely Martínez-Meléndez, and Rodolfo Solano. "Orquídeas silvestres comercializadas en un mercado tradicional de Chiapas, México." Botanical Sciences 97, no. 4 (December 19, 2019): 691–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.17129/botsci.2209.

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Antecedentes: La comercialización de orquídeas es una práctica común en los mercados mexicanos, especialmente en regiones de alta biodiversidad.Preguntas y/o hipótesis: ¿Cuántas especies de orquídeas se vendieron en el mercado de Las Margaritas? ¿De dónde se extrajeron? ¿Su disponibilidad (riqueza) mostró una variación temporal a lo largo de un año? ¿Cuál fue la relación entre la vistosidad de las flores (tamaño) y su precio de venta?Especies en estudio: Familia Orchidaceae.Sitio de estudio y fechas: Mercado de Las Margaritas, Chiapas, 2014.Métodos: Entrevistamos a 15 vendedores del mercado (12 mujeres y tres hombres). Determinamos todas las especies comercializadas, su lugar de extracción, y analizamos la relación entre la vistosidad de cada flor y su precio de venta, mediante un análisis de correlación.Resultados: Se registraron 60 orquídeas en venta. Cuatro de éstas, estaban en alguna categoría de riesgo (NOM-059- SEMARNAT-2010): Lycaste skinneri, Laelia superbiens , Cuitlauzina pulchella and Oncidium leucochilum . El período de mayor venta fue de diciembre a enero, mientras que el más bajo fue septiembre y octubre. La mayoría de las orquídeas fueron extraídas de la Región Terrestre Prioritaria El Momón-Montebello. La vistosidad se relacionó con precios de venta más altos (r = 0,67, p < 0,01).Conclusiones: Se observó una relación significativa entre la vistosidad de la flor y el precio de venta. La comercialización de orquídeas se realizó durante todo el año; sin embargo, mostró dos picos altos (entre diciembre - enero y mayo -junio). Por lo tanto, es necesario organizar talleres con los vendedores para discutir la posibilidad de continuar esta actividad bajo un marco legal regulado.

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Scheffknecht, Susanne, Manuela Winkler, Karl Hülber, Martín Mata Rosas, and Peter Hietz. "Seedling establishment of epiphytic orchids in forests and coffee plantations in Central Veracruz, Mexico." Journal of Tropical Ecology 26, no. 1 (December 8, 2009): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467409990332.

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Abstract:The distribution of epiphytes differs between branches within tree crowns as well as within habitats. Where the original forests have been lost, shade coffee plantations can be important refuges for epiphytes, but are not suitable for all species. To understand what affects habitat quality, we transplanted 1440 seedlings each of two orchids, one, Lycaste aromatica, restricted to forests, the other, Jacquiniella teretifolia, common on trees in coffee plantations and in forests. Seedling mortality and growth were compared between three forests, three young and three old coffee plantations to test for differences between habitats and to analyse which habitat features affect growth and mortality. In J. teretifolia there was no clear pattern of habitat effect on mortality (c. 0.08 mo−1), but the production of new shoots was higher in coffee plantations than in forests. In L. aromatica, growth rates as well as seedling mortality increased over time. During the last census growth rates in forests (1.8 mm mo−1) were significantly higher than in old (0.9 mm mo−1) and young (1.2 mm mo−1) coffee plantations, and seedling mortality was about four times higher in old (0.10 mo−1) and young (0.11 mo−1) coffee plantations than in forests (0.025 mo−1), which may explain the natural absence of L. aromatica from coffee plantations. Mortality in L. aromatica at individual sites was negatively correlated with bryophyte cover on branches (Pearson r = –0.75) and positively with lichen cover (r = 0.70) and canopy openness (r = 0.75). Branch cover with non-vascular epiphytes, whether directly responsible by improving the water supply to epiphytes or indicative of differences in microclimate, may be a useful indicator of suitable habitats for vascular epiphytes.

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Huang, Long Shuang, Sainath R. Kotha, Sreedevi Avasarala, Michelle VanScoyk, Robert A. Winn, Arjun Pennathur, Puttaraju S. Yashaswini, et al. "Lysocardiolipin acyltransferase regulates NSCLC cell proliferation and migration by modulating mitochondrial dynamics." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 38 (July 30, 2020): 13393–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra120.012680.

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Lysocardiolipin acyltransferase (LYCAT), a cardiolipin (CL)-remodeling enzyme, is crucial for maintaining normal mitochondrial function and vascular development. Despite the well-characterized role for LYCAT in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics, its involvement in lung cancer, if any, remains incompletely understood. In this study, in silico analysis of TCGA lung cancer data sets revealed a significant increase in LYCAT expression, which was later corroborated in human lung cancer tissues and immortalized lung cancer cell lines via indirect immunofluorescence and immunoblotting, respectively. Stable knockdown of LYCAT in NSCLC cell lines not only reduced CL and increased monolyso-CL levels but also reduced in vivo tumor growth, as determined by xenograft studies in athymic nude mice. Furthermore, blocking LYCAT activity using a LYCAT mimetic peptide attenuated cell migration, suggesting a novel role for LYCAT activity in promoting NSCLC. Mechanistically, the pro-proliferative effects of LYCAT were mediated by an increase in mitochondrial fusion and a G1/S cell cycle transition, both of which are linked to increased cell proliferation. Taken together, these results demonstrate a novel role for LYCAT in promoting NSCLC and suggest that targeting LYCAT expression or activity in NSCLC may provide new avenues for the therapeutic treatment of lung cancer.

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Van Scoyk, MM, S. Avasarala, RA Winn, R. Bikkavilli, V. Natarajan, SR Kotha, and L. Huang. "ID: 130: NOVEL ROLE FOR LYSOCARDIOLIPIN ACYLTRANSFERASE (LYCAT) IN NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER." Journal of Investigative Medicine 64, no. 4 (March 22, 2016): 971.1–971. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jim-2016-000120.125.

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Lung cancer is the leading cause of deaths in United States and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for ∼85% of all lung cancers with a 5-year survival rate of approximately ∼16%. Therefore there is an immediate need to develop new strategies for early detection and more effective treatments options. Mitochondrial dysfunction including but not limited to defects in mitochondrial genomics and dynamics has long been implicated to play a role in human health and disease particularly in cancer initiation, progression and treatment options since it plays a pivotal role in cell death and survival. Lysocardiolipin acyltransferase (LYCAT), a Cardiolipin remodeling enzyme regulating the 18:2 linoleic acid pattern of mammalian mitochondrial cardiolipin, plays a crucial role in maintaining normal mitochondrial function and vascular development. LYCAT was shown to be up-regulated in cancers; however, the role of LYCAT in lung cancer is yet unclear. Probing the protein expression of LYCAT in lung cancer specimens, non-transformed bronchial epithelial cell lines and 5 lung cancer cell lines revealed increased LYCAT expression and activity in all the lung cancer samples and cell lines tested in comparison to the control lung tissues and non-transformed epithelial cell lines. To determine the role of LYCAT in lung cancer, NSCLC cell lines H2122 and H23 were transfected with either scrambled or LYCAT shRNA and differences in serum-induced cell proliferation, migration, clonogenecity and mitochondrial dynamics were determined. Our results demonstrated that down-regulation of LYCAT by shRNA significantly attenuated cell migration, proliferation, and invasion in NSCLC cell lines compared to control cell lines. Furthermore knockdown of LYCAT expression in NSCLC cell lines inhibited mitochondrial fragmentation and enhanced mitochondrial fusion. Taken together, these data demonstrate a strong association between increased LYCAT expression and cell proliferation, motility, invasion and mitochondrial dynamics in NSCLC cells. Thus, development of targeted therapies to reduce LYCAT expression in NSCLC should be beneficial. This work in part was supported by funds from the College of Medicine, UIC and NIH HL98050 to VN.

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Wang, Chengyan, Patrick W. Faloon, Zhijia Tan, Yaxin Lv, Pengbo Zhang, Yu Ge, Hongkui Deng, and Jing-Wei Xiong. "Mouse lysocardiolipin acyltransferase controls the development of hematopoietic and endothelial lineages during in vitro embryonic stem-cell differentiation." Blood 110, no. 10 (November 15, 2007): 3601–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2007-04-086827.

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Abstract The blast colony-forming cell (BL-CFC) was identified as an equivalent to the hemangioblast during in vitro embryonic stem (ES) cell differentiation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the generation of the BL-CFC remain largely unknown. Here we report the isolation of mouse lysocardiolipin acyltransferase (Lycat) based on homology to zebrafish lycat, a candidate gene for the cloche locus. Mouse Lycat is expressed in hematopoietic organs and is enriched in the Lin−C-Kit+Sca-1+ hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow and in the Flk1+/hCD4+(Scl+) hemangioblast population in embryoid bodies. The forced Lycat transgene leads to increased messenger RNA expression of hematopoietic and endothelial genes as well as increased blast colonies and their progenies, endothelial and hematopoietic lineages. The Lycat small interfering RNA transgene leads to a decrease expression of hematopoietic and endothelial genes. An unbiased genomewide microarray analysis further substantiates that the forced Lycat transgene specifically up-regulates a set of genes related to hemangioblasts and hematopoietic and endothelial lineages. Therefore, mouse Lycat plays an important role in the early specification of hematopoietic and endothelial cells, probably acting at the level of the hemangioblast.

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Bone, Leslie N., Roya M. Dayam, Minhyoung Lee, Nozomu Kono, Gregory D. Fairn, Hiroyuki Arai, Roberto J. Botelho, and Costin N. Antonescu. "The acyltransferase LYCAT controls specific phosphoinositides and related membrane traffic." Molecular Biology of the Cell 28, no. 1 (January 2017): 161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e16-09-0668.

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Phosphoinositides (PIPs) are key regulators of membrane traffic and signaling. The interconversion of PIPs by lipid kinases and phosphatases regulates their functionality. Phosphatidylinositol (PI) and PIPs have a unique enrichment of 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonyl acyl species; however, the regulation and function of this specific acyl profile remains poorly understood. We examined the role of the PI acyltransferase LYCAT in control of PIPs and PIP-dependent membrane traffic. LYCAT silencing selectively perturbed the levels and localization of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] and phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate and the membrane traffic dependent on these specific PIPs but was without effect on phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate or biosynthetic membrane traffic. The acyl profile of PI(4,5)P2 was selectively altered in LYCAT-deficient cells, whereas LYCAT localized with phosphatidylinositol synthase. We propose that LYCAT remodels the acyl chains of PI, which is then channeled into PI(4,5)P2. Our observations suggest that the PIP acyl chain profile may exert broad control of cell physiology.

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Grenby, T. H., and J. M. Bull. "Amylolytic Breakdown of Lycasin® Compared with Other Carbohydrate Derivatives." Caries Research 22, no. 5 (1988): 276–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000261120.

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Özüyaman, Burcin, and Malte Kelm. "Lycat: new targets in hemangioblast differentiation?" Blood 110, no. 10 (November 15, 2007): 3489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2007-08-106708.

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Grenby, T. H. "Dental Effects of Lycasin® in the Diet of Laboratory Rats." Caries Research 22, no. 5 (1988): 288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000261123.

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Chandler, N. P., M. E. Thomson, C. W. Thomson, and M. M. Ferguson. "Intra-oral softening of bovine enamel exposed to Lycasin and sucrose." British Dental Journal 168, no. 6 (March 1990): 249–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4807161.

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Grenby, T. H. "Dental properties of antiseptic throat lozenges formulated with sugars or Lycasin." Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 20, no. 4 (August 1995): 235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2710.1995.tb00655.x.

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Athalye, R. P., and K. S. Gokhale. "Heavy metals in the polychaete Lycastis ouanaryensis from Thane creek, India." Marine Pollution Bulletin 22, no. 5 (May 1991): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326x(91)90916-g.

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Whitmore, D. A. "Developments in the properties and applications of Lycasin® and sorbitol." Food Chemistry 16, no. 3-4 (January 1985): 209–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-8146(85)90116-5.

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Sinaud, S., C. Montaurier, D. Wils, J. Vernet, M. Brandolini, C. Bouteloup-Demange, and M. Vermorel. "Net energy value of two low-digestible carbohydrates, Lycasin®HBC and the hydrogenated polysaccharide fraction of Lycasin®HBC in healthy human subjects and their impact on nutrient digestive utilization." British Journal of Nutrition 87, no. 2 (February 2002): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn2001491.

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The metabolizable energy content of low-digestible carbohydrates does not correspond with their true energy value. The aim of the present study was to determine the tolerance and effects of two polyols on digestion and energy expenditure in healthy men, as well as their digestible, metabolizable and net energy values. Nine healthy men were fed for 32 d periods a maintenance diet supplemented either with dextrose, Lycasin®HBC (Roquette Frères, Lestrem, France), or the hydrogenated polysaccharide fraction of Lycasin®HBC, at a level of 100 g DM/d in six equal doses per d according to a 3×3 Latin square design with three repetitions. After a 20 d progressive adaptation period, food intake was determined for 12 d using the duplicate meal method and faeces and urine were collected for 10 d for further analyses. Subjects spent 36 h in one of two open-circuit whole-body calorimeters with measurements during the last 24 h. Ingestion of the polyols did not cause severe digestive disorders, except excessive gas emission, and flatulence and gurgling in some subjects. The polyols induced significant increases in wet (+45 and +66 % respectively, P<0·01) and dry (+53 and +75 % respectively, P<0·002) stool weight, resulting in a 2 % decrease in dietary energy digestibility (P<0·001). They resulted also in significant increases in sleeping (+4·1 %, P<0·03) and daily energy expenditure (+2·7 and +2·9 % respectively, P<0·02) compared with dextrose ingestion. The apparent energy digestibility of the two polyols was 0·82 and 0·79 respectively, their metabolizable energy value averaged 14·1 kJ/g DM, and their net energy value averaged 10·8 kJ/g DM, that is, 35 % less than those of sucrose and starch.

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Ni, L., W. Wang, Y. Tang, and H. C. Liu. "Balanced LYCAT gene expression is crucial for female reproduction." Fertility and Sterility 96, no. 3 (September 2011): S276—S277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.07.1054.

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Grenby, T. H., and M. G. Saldanha. "Comparison of Lycasin® versus Sucrose Sweets in Demineralization Studies of Human Enamel and Hydroxylapatite." Caries Research 22, no. 5 (1988): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000261119.

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Abd-Alrohman Alqiam, Hamzeh Ahmad. "Analysis of Algebra Content in Mathematics Books in the Third Grade to the Fifth Grade in Jordan in Light of the Standards of the American National Council of Mathematics Teachers." Modern Applied Science 13, no. 9 (August 5, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v13n9p1.

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This study aimed at analyzing the content of algebra in mathematics books in the third grade to the fifth grade in Jordan in light of the standards of the National Council of Mathematics Teachers (NCTM, 2000), In all aspects of the study for the academic year (2018/2019). The sample of the study included the axis of algebra in each book of this stage. To achieve this, the descriptive method was used through the method of content analysis. Lycartes averages. The highest scores in the third, fourth and fifth grade textbooks were for the criterion of analysis of change in different environments (1.84), while the lowest level of understanding of relations, patterns and functions was (0.90) And the use of mathematical models between these two grades. In light of these results, the researcher recommends that the criteria for the content of algebra should be considered in the basic stage books in the third, fourth and fifth grades.

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Patan, Sybill. "Lycat and cloche at the Switch Between Blood Vessel Growth and Differentiation?" Circulation Research 102, no. 9 (May 9, 2008): 1005–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circresaha.108.176446.

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Rugg-Gunn, A. J. "Effect of Lycasin upon Plaque pH When Taken as a Syrup or as a Boiled Sweet (Short Communication)." Caries Research 22, no. 6 (1988): 375–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000261141.

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Wang, Weidong, Lujuan Ni, Qingming Yu, Jingwei Xiong, Hung-Ching Liu, and Zev Rosenwaks. "Expression of the Lycat gene in the mouse cardiovascular and female reproductive systems." Developmental Dynamics 239, no. 6 (April 23, 2010): 1827–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvdy.22300.

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Jaggi, Amrita, C. M. Marya, Sukhvinder Singh Oberoi, Ruchi Nagpal, Sakshi Kataria, and Pratibha Taneja. "Sugar substitute: Key facts for their use – A review." Journal of Global Oral Health 3 (June 23, 2020): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/jgoh_63_2019.

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A simple, unidirectional schematic depicts the hypothesized pathways by which sugar-sweetened beverage consumption may lead to the development of chronic cardiovascular/cerebrovascular and metabolic diseases, chronic kidney disease, cancer, and gout. Sugar containing dietary foods could be replaced by the use of sugar substitutes available on the market today, both noncaloric and caloric, which have a low or even no cariogenic potential, sugar substitution is an important part of caries prevention and improving the overall health of an individual. The most common sugar substitutes used in Europe today are the caloric sweeteners xylitol, sorbitol, lycasin (hydrogenated starch hydrolysate), maltitol and mannitol and the non-caloric sweeteners accesultame-K, aspartame, cyclamate, and saccharin. They are currently replacing sugar in a wide range of products, such as sweeteners for coffee and tea, confectionery and chewing gum, medicines and soda pop. The need for a safe, palatable, non-nutritive, sweetening agent has prompted new approaches to the development of synthetic sweeteners. One interesting approach is based on the concept called “anatomical compartmentalization,” whereby the molecular weight of a sweet compound is increased to the point where no intestinal absorption occurs, thus eliminating systemic effects. Initial attempts at linking low molecular weight sweeteners to macromolecules have generally yielded products with unsatisfactory taste.

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Lee, A., D. Wils, A. Zumbé, and DM Storey. "The comparative gastrointestinal responses of children and adults following consumption of sweets formulated with sucrose, isomalt and lycasin HBC." European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 56, no. 8 (July 19, 2002): 755–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601389.

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Hammad, K. S. M., M. M. Elkharsa, M. M. A. El-Nikeety, and S. A. S. Hallabo. "Retarding sunflower oil oxidation during the deep-fat frying of potato chips using micro-encapsulated Convolvulus arvensis Linn leaf phenolic extract." Grasas y Aceites 74, no. 4 (January 11, 2024): e525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.1105222.

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In this research, the extraction of polyphenols from Convolvulus arvensis (CA) leaves was optimized using ethanol (80%) at plant/solvent ratios and extraction times which varied between 1/10 to 1/30 (w/v) and 20 to 120 min, respectively. The extract with the highest polyphenol content was obtained at a ratio of 1/30 and 90 min. At 120 ppm, the preceding extract in either lyophilized (LyCAE) or encapsulated (EnCAE) form was evaluated as an antioxidant during the frying process using sunflower oil in comparison to TBHQ. Frying oil quality indices including refractive index, smoke point, acid value, anisidine value, polar and polymer compounds were monitored throughout frying times. FTIR spectroscopy was used to investigate the changes in trans-fatty acids, hydroperoxides and aldehyde contents. The results showed that the phenolic extract, especially in EnCAE form, exhibited superior antioxidant activity over TBHQ, which consequently led to the utilization of this phenolic extract as an antioxidant in frying oils.

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Wang, W., Y. Tang, and H. C. Liu. "Acyl-CoA:lysocardiolipin acyltransferase (Lycat): a potent pathogenic factor in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)-related recurrent pregnancy failure." Fertility and Sterility 100, no. 3 (September 2013): S111—S112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.07.1666.

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Mahdi, Nadia Mohammed. "Antibacterial Effect of Dill Seed Oil Anethum graveolens Anethum graveolens." Kufa Journal for Nursing Sciences 6, no. 2 (August 29, 2016): 242–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36321/kjns.vi20162.2635.

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Background: study the inhibiter activity of Dill seed oil A. graveolens L. on growth of some pathogenic bacteria. Objective: assay the inhibition effectiveness of Dill seed oil on some pathogenic bacteria which causes different infections. Methodology: an experiment was run to study the antibacterial activities of Dill seed oil on six isolates of bacteria: E. coli, K. pneumonia, P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, , and E. faecalis which isolated of patients suffer of different infections of both genders their age ranged (15-50) year, used agar well diffusion method. The isolates selected of Baghdad Teaching Hospital-Teaching Laboratories in December 2014 to the February 2015. Data was analyzed by using the Lycart scale analysis, and assays the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Results: Dill seed oil significantly reduced the growth of test bacteria: E. faecalis (15-25mm), P. mirabilis (20-25mm), P. aeruginosa (17-27mm), K. pneumonia (15-35mm), E. coli (20-52mm), and the widest inhibition zone diameters was showed on S. aureus (70-72mm). Conclusion: Dill seed oil has clear inhibition effect on the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. Recommendation: done further studies on dill seed oil for development of novel drugs of A. graveolens to treat human diseases as a result of its inhibition effectiveness on growth of bacteria and decreasing the use of antibiotics because the problem of resistant of bacteria and side effects, and it is necessary to determine the toxicity of the active constituents and pharmacological -kinetic properties.

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Imae, Rieko, Takao Inoue, Yasuko Nakasaki, Yasunori Uchida, Yohsuke Ohba, Nozomu Kono, Hiroki Nakanishi, Takehiko Sasaki, Shohei Mitani, and Hiroyuki Arai. "LYCAT, a homologue ofC. elegans acl-8,acl-9, andacl-10, determines the fatty acid composition of phosphatidylinositol in mice." Journal of Lipid Research 53, no. 3 (December 14, 2011): 335–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1194/jlr.m018655.

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Gusmaweti, Gusmaweti, Lisa Deswati, and Vendri Geraldine Kurniawan. "Zooplankton sebagai Indikator Kesuburan Perairan Kolam Budidaya Ikan." BIOEDUSAINS:Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains 6, no. 2 (December 30, 2023): 602–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/bioedusains.v6i2.7840.

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This research aimed to analyze the structure of zooplankton communities in former gold mining ponds for fish cultivation in Nagari Muaro, Sijunjung District, Sijunjung Regency, West Sumatra. The research method used is a descriptive survey. Determining the location for sampling zooplankton was carried out using purposive sampling. The research results showed that the overall abundance of zooplankton was found to be 18.2 ind/l, consisting of 4 phyla and several genera or types. The phyla found were, a) the Protozoa phylum with 2 genera, namely Astramoeba and the Arcella genus with an abundance of 3.2 ind/l; b) the Rotifera phylum consists of 7 genera, namely the genus Branchinus, Lycane, Keratella, Notholca, Trichoyria, Polymerurus, and the genus Habrotrocha with an abundance of 5.4 ind/l; c) phylum Crustaceae, 3 genera, namely Nauplius, Cyclops, and Daphnia with an abundance of 9.5 ind/l; d) the phylum Arthropoda has 1 genus, namely Chironomus with an abundance of 0.1 ind/l. The highest abundance was found in the phylum Crustaceae. The zooplankton diversity index at the three stations has an average value of 2.08, the evenness index has an average value of 0.83, and the zooplankton dominance index has an average value of 0.16. The results of measuring physical factors are the average turbidity of 3.53 NTU, the average water temperature is 32oC, and the average pH of water is 6. The results of measuring the average water chemical factors are water DO of 5.15 ppm, BOD of 1.77 ppm , COD was 26.45 ppm, CO2 levels were 18.29 ppm, and measured mercury (Hg) levels ranged from 0 – 0.03 ppm. Conclusion, based on the abundance of zooplankton found, the pond waters are classified as mesotrophic with a moderate level of fertility diversity. Keywords: Ex-Mining, Indicators, Ponds, Structures, Zooplankton

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Pérez Munguía, Dora Elisa. "Cuatro nuevos registros de Orchidaceae para Honduras." Lankesteriana 17, no. 3 (December 13, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/lank.v17i3.31647.

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Resumen. Se reportan cuatro nuevos registros para la orquideoflora de Honduras: Chysis bruennowiana (departamento de Comayagua), Lycaste cruenta var. minor (Ocotepeque), Ornithidium tonsoniae (Comayagua) y Sobralia powellii (Ocotepeque).Abstract. Four new records for the Honduran orchid flora are described: Chysis bruennowiana (department of Comayagua), Lycaste cruenta var. minor (Ocotepeque), Ornithidium tonsoniae (Comayagua) and Sobralia powellii (Ocotepeque).

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Bogarín, Diego. "A new Lycaste (Orchidaceae: Maxillariinae) from Costa Rica." Lankesteriana, November 1, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/lank.v0i0.7937.

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Bogarín, Diego. "A new Lycaste (Orchidaceae: Maxillariinae) from Costa Rica." Lankesteriana, November 1, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/lank.vi.7937.

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Flowers, R. Wills. "A New Genus for Two Orphaned Species of Lycaste Gistel (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae)." Coleopterists Bulletin 75, no. 3 (December 7, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-75.3.700.

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43

Solís-Zanotelli, Flor Y., O. Baltazar-Bernal, Nicacio Cruz-Huerta, Juan V. Hidalgo-Contreras, and Juan A. Pérez-Sato. "In vitro germination and development of “Canelita” (Lycaste aromatica (Graham) Lindl.) in gravity immersion bioreactors." In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant, November 4, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11627-022-10314-4.

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Ochoa-Martínez, Daniel Leobardo, Eduardo Alberto Pérez-García, María Guadalupe Carrillo-Benítez, Erika Janet Zamora-Macorra, and Darío Orozco-Cirilo. "Cymbidium mosaic virus y Odontoglossum ringspot virus en diversos generos de orquideas cultivadas en Mexico." Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology 37, no. 3 (May 24, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.1903-1.

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En el Orquideario de Miguel Ángel Soto Arenas, de la Facultad de Ciencias UNAM, se han detectado plantas con síntomas consistentes en clorosis, variegado, necrosis y mosaico. Varias de estas plantas son especies endémicas de México y a la fecha no existe información sobre su manejo fitosanitario. Por lo tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue conocer a los virus asociados a estos síntomas mediante pruebas de ELISA, RT-PCR, plantas diferenciales y análisis filogenéticos. Se detectó al Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) y al Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV) en el 89% de las plantas con síntomas muestreadas. Las plantas diferenciales Nicotiana tabacum var. xhanti N. glutinosa, Chenopodium quinoa, C. amaranthicolor y Datura stramonium inoculadas mecánicamente con tejido foliar positivo a ambos virus mostraron lesiones locales seis días después de la inoculación y sólo CymMV infectó sistémicamente a N. benthamiana. El análisis filogenético mostró que estos virus se agruparon con aislamientos de países asiáticos lo que sugiere que la infección se originó probablemente por el intercambio de material vegetal entre productores. Este es el primer reporte del CymMV y ORSV infectando a Barkeria, Lycaste, Rossioglossum, Masdevallia, Leochilus, Stanhopea, Maxillaria, Epidendrum sec. Oerstedella, Dendrobium, Sobralia y Cuitlauzina en México.

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Bogarín, Diego. "How many orchid species in Costa Rica? A review of the latest discoveries." Lankesteriana 11, no. 3 (November 20, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/lank.v11i3.18274.

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A pesar de su bien establecida tradición en exploración botánica, la cual comenzó en 1846 con la visita de Oersted (1846), Costa Rica está todavía lejos de tener un inventario completo de su flora de orquídeas. Después de la publicación del tratamiento más reciente y completo de la familia por Dressler (2003) nuevas especies y registros han sido añadidos regularmente al inventario del país. Especies llamativas, de flores grandes han sido descritas en géneros previamente monografiados y botánicamente bien muestreados, tales como: Brassia, Dracula, Lycaste, Polycycnis, Stanhopea, y Trichopilia, pero la gran mayoría de especies son plantas de flores pequeñas que pertenecen a las subtribus Laeliinae, Pleurothallidinae, y Zygopetalinae. Las flores efímeras, como Sobralia tienen problemas especiales con su identificación pero una colección viva, grande, revela muchas nuevas especies. Las especies previemente descritas de otros países han sido registradas en Costa Rica con regularidad. Estos nuevos registros tienen afinidades florísticas principalmente con la flora de Panamá, Colombia, Ecuador, y Venezuela. Por ejemplo, Acianthera aberrans, Epidendrum scharfii, Epidendrum stellidifforme, Lockhartia chocoensis, Maxillaria bolivarensis, Ornithidium pendulum, Ornithocephalus montealegrae, y Warmingia zamorana han sido encontradas tanto en Costa Rica como en Ecuador. El género Uleiorchis con la especie venezolana Uleiorchis liesneri, identificado en el herbario MO por Ron Liesner, constituye un nuevo registro interesante en Costa Rica. También, Maxillaria appendiculoides descrita de Costa Rica, ha sido registrada recientemente en Ecuador. Campylocentrum tenellum, Lepanthes droseroides, Lepanthes mariposa, y Sobralia bouchei de Panamá también fueron colectadas recientemente en Costa Rica. Aunque mucho trabajo florístico queda por ser completado y el país tiene áreas significativas que están mal muestreadas, el establecimiento de colecciones grandes y documentadas de plantas vivas en el Jardín Botánico Lankester, asociado con un acceso creciente a la documentación crítica (tipos y literatura), han sido la llave para el mejoramiento de nuestro entendimiento de la diversidad de orquídeas en Costa Rica y sus relaciones florísticas con otras áreas.

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Applequist, Wendy L. "Report of the Nomenclature Committee for Vascular Plants: 75." TAXON, January 25, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tax.13134.

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SummaryRejection of the subfamily name Crassulaceae subfam. Cotyledonoideae is not recommended. Conservation of the following 10 generic names is recommended: Ampelopsis with conserved type, Aria vs. Chamaemespilus and Torminalis, Bituminaria with conserved type, Dennstaedtia with conserved type, Klukia Racib. vs. Klukia Andrz. ex Besser, Osmelia vs. Stachycrater, Pycnarrhena vs. Antitaxis, Tetraphyllum Griff. ex C.B. Clarke vs. Tetraphyllum Hosius & Marck, Triraphis with conserved type, and Vella with conserved type. The following two generic names are not recommended for conservation: Lycaste vs. Anguloa and Xylobium and Mitrella vs. Pyramidanthe. The generic name Pacoseroca is recommended for rejection. The following 33 species names are recommended for conservation: Acalypha multicaulis vs. A. pruriens and A. ruderalis, Anethum segetum with conserved type, Bromus retusus vs. B. plukenetii, Cacao sylvestris with conserved type, Citrus reticulata with conserved type, Clerodendrum umbellatum with conserved type, Cycas riedlei Fisch. ex Gaudich. vs. C. riedlei Dum. Cours., Dendrobium officinale vs. D. catenatum, Dicksonia bipinnata with conserved type, Engelhardia roxburghiana with conserved type, Iris latifolia (Mill.) Voss vs. I. latifolia Heer, Isoetes sahyadrii with conserved type, Juncus acuminatus Michx. vs. J. acuminatus Balb., Kalanchoe rosei vs. K. bouvieri, Larrea nitida vs. Mimosa balsamica, Lilium humboldtii vs. L. puberulum, Loasa rudis vs. L. rhoeadifolia, Magnolia oblonga (Wall. ex Hook. f. & Thomson) Figlar vs. M. oblonga M. Chandler, Malus domestica vs. M. sylvestris, Myagrum paniculatum with conserved type, Oxalis eckloniana C. Presl vs. O. eckloniana F. Dietr. and O. bifolia, Phyllanthus claussenii with conserved type and vs. P. udicola, Phyllanthus flagelliformis vs. P. eurisladro, Phyllanthus klotzschianus vs. P. robustus, Prunus maackii vs. P. glandulifolia, Quercus frainetto vs. Q. conferta, Quercus pacifica Nixon & C.H. Mull. vs. Q. pacifica Knowlt., Ranunculus trichophyllus vs. R. peucedanifolius, Rubus ulmifolius vs. R. creticus, R. vulgaris, and R. inermis, Sida albida with conserved type, Solanum nitidibaccatum vs. S. stylesianum and Bosleria nevadensis, Thymus microphyllus with conserved type, and Valeriana scouleri with conserved type. The following five species names are not recommended for conservation: Aspidium devexum vs. A. membranaceum, Croton fuscescens vs. C. gnaphaloides, Daphniphyllum oldhamii vs. D. pentandrum, Rhododendron myrtifolium Schott & Kotschy vs. R. ×myrtifolium G. Lodd. ex Bosse, and Teucrium microphyllum vs. T. quadratulum. A proposal to conserve Echinocactus williamsii vs. E. williamsianus is noted to be unnecessary. The following 17 species names are recommended for rejection: Bryophyllum triangulare, Callitriche foliosa, Callitriche spuria, Commelina nimmoniana, Cuscuta aggregata, Dendrobium brownii, Eriostemon trinervis, Genista multicaulis, Grewia oppositifolia, Kalanchoe aleurodes, Marcgravia jacquinii, Narcissus flavus, Pereskia glomerata, Salsola coquimbana, Taxodium huegelii, Tulipa urumiensis, and Ulostoma filamentosum. The species name Thymus marschallianus is not recommended for rejection. It is recommended that the names Parisia and Parrisia not be treated as homonyms. The Committee recommends against making a binding decision on whether Silene dicolor and Silene discolor should be treated as homonyms, since they clearly should not be. It is recommended that Aethionema kopetdaghi be treated as validly published and that Anthurium ×macrolobum be treated as validly published by W. Bull ex T. Moore & Mast. (or Anon.). The Committee recommends against making a binding decision regarding the adequacy of the descriptive statement of Rhododendron humicola.

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Kotha, Sainath R., Longshuang Huang, Michelle Mai Van Scoyk, Sreedevi Avasarala, Robert A. Winn, Rama Kamesh Bikkavilli, and Viswanathan Natarajan. "Novel Role for Lysocardiolipin Acyltransferase (LYCAT) in Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer." FASEB Journal 30, S1 (April 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.1099.13.

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Lung cancer is the leading cause of deaths in United States and non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for ~85% of all lung cancers with a 5‐year survival rate of approximately ~16%. Therefore there is an immediate need to develop new strategies for early detection and more effective treatments options. Mitochondrial dysfunction including but not limited to defects in mitochondrial genomics and dynamics has long been implicated to play a role in human health and disease particularly in cancer initiation, progression and treatment options since it plays a pivotal role in cell death and survival. Lysocardiolipin acyltransferase (LYCAT), a Cardiolipin remodeling enzyme regulating the 18:2 linoleic acid pattern of mammalian mitochondrial cardiolipin, plays a crucial role in maintaining normal mitochondrial function and vascular development. LYCAT was shown to be up‐regulated in cancers; however, the role of LYCAT in lung cancer is yet unclear. Probing the protein expression of LYCAT in lung cancer specimens, non‐transformed bronchial epithelial cell lines and 5 lung cancer cell lines revealed increased LYCAT expression and activity in all the lung cancer samples and cell lines tested in comparison to the control lung tissues and non‐transformed epithelial cell lines. To determine the role of LYCAT in lung cancer, NSCLC cell lines H2122 and H23 were transfected with either scrambled or LYCAT shRNA and differences in serum‐induced cell proliferation, migration, clonogenecity and mitochondrial dynamics were determined. Our results demonstrated that down‐regulation of LYCAT by shRNA significantly attenuated cell migration, proliferation, and invasion in NSCLC cell lines compared to control cell lines. Furthermore knockdown of LYCAT expression in NSCLC cell lines inhibited mitochondrial fragmentation and enhanced mitochondrial fusion. Taken together, these data demonstrate a strong association between increased LYCAT expression and cell proliferation, motility, invasion and mitochondrial dynamics in NSCLC cells. Thus, development of targeted therapies to reduce LYCAT expression in NSCLC should be beneficial.Support or Funding InformationThis work in part was supported by funds from the College of Medicine, UIC and NIH HL98050 to VN.

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Antonescu, Costin N., Leslie N. Bone, Saba Khuffash, Yasmin Awadeh, Gizem E. Genc, Marina Defferrari, and Roberto J. Botelho. "The lipid acyltransferase LYCAT controls phosphatidylinositol‐3,4,5‐trisphosphate (PIP3) signaling." FASEB Journal 33, S1 (April 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.489.1.

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Zhang, Kai, Victoria Chan, Roberto J. Botelho, and Costin N. Antonescu. "A tail of their own: regulation of cardiolipin and phosphatidylinositol fatty acyl profile by the acyltransferase LCLAT1." Biochemical Society Transactions, September 22, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20220603.

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Cardiolipin and phosphatidylinositol along with the latter's phosphorylated derivative phosphoinositides, control a wide range of cellular functions from signal transduction, membrane traffic, mitochondrial function, cytoskeletal dynamics, and cell metabolism. An emerging dimension to these lipids is the specificity of their fatty acyl chains that is remarkably distinct from that of other glycerophospholipids. Cardiolipin and phosphatidylinositol undergo acyl remodeling involving the sequential actions of phospholipase A to hydrolyze acyl chains and key acyltransferases that re-acylate with specific acyl groups. LCLAT1 (also known as LYCAT, AGPAT8, LPLAT6, or ALCAT1) is an acyltransferase that contributes to specific acyl profiles for phosphatidylinositol, phosphoinositides, and cardiolipin. As such, perturbations of LCLAT1 lead to alterations in cardiolipin-dependent phenomena such as mitochondrial respiration and dynamics and phosphoinositide-dependent processes such as endocytic membrane traffic and receptor signaling. Here we examine the biochemical and cellular actions of LCLAT1, as well as the contribution of this acyltransferase to the development and specific diseases.

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Chan, Victoria, Cristina Camardi, Kai Zhang, Laura A. Orofiamma, Karen E. Anderson, Jafarul Hoque, Leslie N. Bone, et al. "The LCLAT1/LYCAT acyltransferase is required for EGF-mediated phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate generation and Akt signalling." Molecular Biology of the Cell, July 18, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e23-09-0361.

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Receptor tyrosine kinases such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) stimulate phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) to convert phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosophate [PtdIns(4,5)P2] into phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate [PtdIns(3,4,5)P3]. PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 then remodels actin and gene expression, and boosts cell survival and proliferation. PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 partly achieves these functions by triggering activation of the kinase Akt, which phosphorylates targets like Tsc2 and GSK3β. Consequently, unchecked upregulation of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3-Akt signalling promotes tumour progression. Interestingly, 50-70% of PtdIns and PtdInsPs have stearate and arachidonate at sn-1 and sn-2 positions of glycerol, respectively, forming a species known as 38:4-PtdIns/PtdInsPs. LCLAT1 and MBOAT7 acyltransferases partly enrich PtdIns in this acyl format. We previously showed that disruption of LCLAT1 lowered PtdIns(4,5)P2 levels and perturbed endocytosis and endocytic trafficking. However, the role of LCLAT1 in receptor tyrosine kinase and PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 signaling was not explored. Here, we show that LCLAT1 silencing in MDA-MB-231 and ARPE-19 cells abated the levels of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 in response to EGF signalling. Importantly, LCLAT1-silenced cells were also impaired for EGF-driven and insulin-driven Akt activation and downstream signalling. Thus, our work provides first evidence that the LCLAT1 acyltransferase is required for receptor tyrosine kinase signalling.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Lycaste'

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