Journal articles on the topic 'Lupinus angustifolius L'
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1
Mauer, Oldřich, Dušan Vavříček, and Eva Palátová. "Assessing the influence of the Lupinus genus in the biological reclamation of sites degraded by whole-area dozer soil treatment." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, no. 3 (2013): 711–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361030711.
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The paper deals with possibilities of using the blue lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.), white lupine (Lupinus albus L.) and garden lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl) in the biological reclamation of sites degraded by whole-area dozer soil treatment.The lupines were sown into strips or broadcast. The effect of lupines onto the growth and health condition of the young plantations of Norway spruce, European beech and Scots pine was studied together with their influence on the site soil characteristics. The experiment showed that the sowing of lupine favourably affected biometrical characteristics of newly planted trees. Even though the soil humus content did not increase in the experimental period of 5 years, the nitrogen nutrition as well as the nutrition with other biogenic elements improved and the symptoms of chlorosis were eliminated. In the conditions of the Krušné hory Mts., the lupines can produce up to 3.6 tons of biomass dry matter and favourably affect the nutrition of planted trees.
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Bielski, Wojciech, Michał Książkiewicz, Denisa Šimoníková, Eva Hřibová, Karolina Susek, and Barbara Naganowska. "The Puzzling Fate of a Lupin Chromosome Revealed by Reciprocal Oligo-FISH and BAC-FISH Mapping." Genes 11, no. 12 (December 10, 2020): 1489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11121489.
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Old World lupins constitute an interesting model for evolutionary research due to diversity in genome size and chromosome number, indicating evolutionary genome reorganization. It has been hypothesized that the polyploidization event which occurred in the common ancestor of the Fabaceae family was followed by a lineage-specific whole genome triplication (WGT) in the lupin clade, driving chromosome rearrangements. In this study, chromosome-specific markers were used as probes for heterologous fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to identify and characterize structural chromosome changes among the smooth-seeded (Lupinus angustifolius L., Lupinus cryptanthus Shuttlew., Lupinus micranthus Guss.) and rough-seeded (Lupinus cosentinii Guss. and Lupinus pilosus Murr.) lupin species. Comparative cytogenetic mapping was done using FISH with oligonucleotide probes and previously published chromosome-specific bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones. Oligonucleotide probes were designed to cover both arms of chromosome Lang06 of the L. angustifolius reference genome separately. The chromosome was chosen for the in-depth study due to observed structural variability among wild lupin species revealed by BAC-FISH and supplemented by in silico mapping of recently released lupin genome assemblies. The results highlighted changes in synteny within the Lang06 region between the lupin species, including putative translocations, inversions, and/or non-allelic homologous recombination, which would have accompanied the evolution and speciation.
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Plessner, O., A. Dovrat, and Y. Chen. "Tolerance to iron deficiency of lupins grown on calcareous soils." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 43, no. 5 (1992): 1187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9921187.
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Lupins differ in their efficiency to utilize Fe3+ in soils containing CaCO3. Most lupin species are susceptible to Fe deficiency. The objective of this study was to screen different lupin species, including introduced cultivars and wild types collected in Israel, for susceptibility to Fe deficiency. In a greenhouse experiment, inoculated seedlings, 7 to 10 days old, were planted in 1 L pots filled with a mountain rendzina soil from Emek Haela (pH=7.3, CaCO3- 45%), or with a brown-red sandy-loam soil from Rehovot (pH=7.7) not containing CaCO3. On the calcareous soil, susceptible lupin plants from day 7 onward showed various degrees of chlorosis, suggesting Fe deficiency, which at a later stage caused reduction of growth, necrosis of the leaf tissue, leaf abscission and ultimately death of the plants. Soil application of FeEDDHA resulted in an immediate remedy of the deficiency symptoms. No deficiency symptoms were observed on plants growing on the sandy-loam soil lacking CaCO3. Ranking of lupins based on visual symptoms of Fe deficiency and on chlorophyll concentration of young leaves relative to their tolerance to soil lime was as follows (location of source plants in brackets). Very good: Lupinus pilosw (Emek Haela), L. cosentinii cv. Erregulla and L. angustifolfus cv. Yorrel. Moderate L. angustifolius cv. Illyarrie. Low L. palaestinus (Gesher Haziv), L. albus cv. L221, L. angustifolius (Gesher Haziv). Very low: L. angustifolius (Givat Brenner), L. palaestinus (Rehovot). The need for further exploration of wild lime-resistant genotypes is emphasized.
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Susek, Karolina, Wojciech Bielski, Katarzyna B. Czyż, Robert Hasterok, Scott A. Jackson, Bogdan Wolko, and Barbara Naganowska. "Impact of Chromosomal Rearrangements on the Interpretation of Lupin Karyotype Evolution." Genes 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2019): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10040259.
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Plant genome evolution can be very complex and challenging to describe, even within a genus. Mechanisms that underlie genome variation are complex and can include whole-genome duplications, gene duplication and/or loss, and, importantly, multiple chromosomal rearrangements. Lupins (Lupinus) diverged from other legumes approximately 60 mya. In contrast to New World lupins, Old World lupins show high variability not only for chromosome numbers (2n = 32–52), but also for the basic chromosome number (x = 5–9, 13) and genome size. The evolutionary basis that underlies the karyotype evolution in lupins remains unknown, as it has so far been impossible to identify individual chromosomes. To shed light on chromosome changes and evolution, we used comparative chromosome mapping among 11 Old World lupins, with Lupinus angustifolius as the reference species. We applied set of L. angustifolius-derived bacterial artificial chromosome clones for fluorescence in situ hybridization. We demonstrate that chromosome variations in the species analyzed might have arisen from multiple changes in chromosome structure and number. We hypothesize about lupin karyotype evolution through polyploidy and subsequent aneuploidy. Additionally, we have established a cytogenomic map of L. angustifolius along with chromosome markers that can be used for related species to further improve comparative studies of crops and wild lupins.
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Miao, Z. H., J. A. Fortune, and J. Gallagher. "The potential of two rough-seeded lupin species (Lupinus pilosus and L. atlanticus) as supplementary feed for sheep." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 52, no. 6 (2001): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar99142.
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The rough-seeded lupins are better adapted to alkaline soils than the domesticated lupins currently in use in commercial agriculture in southern Australia. Lupinus pilosus and L. atlanticus are two species of rough-seeded lupins that are undergoing domestication, and could be very valuable for sheep as a supplementary feed. However, there is little information on the nutritive value of these lupins. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the nutritive value of L. pilosus and L. atlanticus, compared with L. angustifolius, which is widely used as an animal feed in Australia. The results showed that the rough-seeded lupins examined had larger seeds, a greater proportion of seed coat in the whole seed, and a higher fibre content in the seed coat than domesticated lupins. Nitrogen (N) content in the kernel of the various lupin species was similar. The high fibre content in seed coat did not appear to limit the digestion of the seeds by sheep as demonstrated by the high potential degradability of seed dry matter (DM) for all lupin species. There were no significant differences betweenL. pilosus,L. atlanticus, andL. angustifolius as a supplementary feed provided at low levels in DM digestibility (DMD), apparent energy digestibility (AED), and N-balance, suggesting that L. pilosus and L. atlanticus could be used in place of L. angustifolius. AlsoL. atlanticus could be substituted for L. angustifolius at high levels of supplementation as there were no differences in DMD, AED, apparent N digestibility, and N-balance when these species were fed to sheep as a supplement to barley straw. Supplementation with lupin seed at 150 g/day significantly improved DM intake by 195 g/day, DMD by 8.7, and AED by 11.4 percentage units. However, a high level of lupin supplementation in a diet based on barley straw did not increase DMD and AED of the diet.
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Święcicki, Wojciech, Katarzyna Czepiel, Paulina Wilczura, Paweł Barzyk, Zygmunt Kaczmarek, and Magdalena Kroc. "Chromatographic Fingerprinting of the Old World Lupins Seed Alkaloids: A Supplemental Tool in Species Discrimination." Plants 8, no. 12 (November 27, 2019): 548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8120548.
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The total contents and qualitative compositions of alkaloids in seeds of 10 Old World lupin species (73 accessions) were surveyed using gas chromatography. The obtained results, combined with those for three lupin crops, Lupinus angustifolius, Lupinus albus, and Lupinus luteus, provide the most complete and up-to-date overview of alkaloid profiles of 13 lupin species originating from the Mediterranean Basin. The qualitative alkaloid compositions served as useful supplementary tools of species discrimination. On the basis of the most abundant major alkaloids, lupanine, lupinine, and multiflorine, the Old World lupin species were divided into four groups. Those containing lupanine (L. angustifolius, L. albus, and Lupinus mariae-josephi), containing lupinine (Lupinus luteus, Lupinus hispanicus, and Lupinus × hispanicoluteus), containing lupinine and multiflorine (Lupinus atlanticus, Lupinus palaestinus, Lupinus anatolicus, Lupinus digitatus, Lupinus pilosus, and Lupinus cosentinii), and containing multiflorine (Lupinus micranthus). Within a given group, certain species can be, in most cases, further distinguished by the presence of other major alkaloids. The discrimination of species based on the total alkaloid content was found to be less reliable because of the significant intra-species variations, as well as the influences of environmental factors on the seed alkaloid content.
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Wink, Michael. "Site of Lupanine and Sparteine Biosynthesis in Intact Plants and in vitro Organ Cultures." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 42, no. 7-8 (August 1, 1987): 868–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1987-7-823.
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[14C]Cadaverine was applied to leaves of Lupinus polyphyllus, L. albas, L. angustifolius, L. perennis, L. mutabilis, L. pubescens, and L. hartwegii and it was preferentially incorporated into lupanine. In Lupinus arboreus sparteine was the main labelled alkaloid, in L. hispanicus it was lupinine. A pulse chase experiment with L. angustifolius and L. arboreus showed that the incorporation of cadaverine into lupanine and sparteine was transient with a maximum between 8 and 20 h. Only leaflets and chlorophyllous petioles showed active alkaloid biosynthesis, whereas no incorporation of cadaverine into lupanine was observed in roots. Using in vitro organ cultures of Lupinus polyphyllus, L. succulentus, L. subcarnosus, Cytisus scoparius and Laburnum anagyroides the inactivity of roots was confirmed. Therefore, the green aerial parts are the major site of alkaloid biosynthesis in lupins and in other legumes.
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Clements, JC, PF White, and BJ Buirchell. "The root morphology of Lupinus angustifolius in relation to other Lupinus species." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 44, no. 6 (1993): 1367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9931367.
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Commercial L. angustifolius cultivation is restricted to acid to neutral coarse-textured soils in Australia. An unsuitable root system may be part of the reason for the poor performance on fine-textured or alkaline soils. As a first step to examine this question plants of 12 annual Lupinus species were grown in a coarse soil with the aim of describing the range of root morphologies within the genus and to compare these to commercial L. angustifolius. A wide range of rooting patterns were observed. The differences in the dominance of the taproot was pronounced between species. The commercial genotype of L. angustifolius occupied an extreme within the range of root morphologies of the species. Roots of L. angustifolius consisted of a dominant taproot and a relatively high number of primary lateral roots but few secondary roots. In contrast, the primary, secondary and tertiary lateral roots of L. pilosus, L. mutabilis, L. atlanticus, L. palaestinus and L. micranthus were more dominant than the taproot. The length and distribution of primary lateral roots along the taproot also varied between species. The number of primary lateral roots fell rapidly with depth in L. angustifolius and L. mutabilis, while the other species had a more even distribution. L. angustifolius had a less extensive root system and relatively thick roots when compared to species such as L. albus and L. mutabilis. L. luteus also had relatively thick roots. The relatively thick roots and less extensive lateral root system in commercial L. angustifolius may partially explain its poor growth on fine-textured soils, where a greater proliferation of finer, lateral roots may be necessary. Proteoid root formation was observed for L. albus, L. cosentinii, L. pilosus, L. palaestinus, L. micranthus, L. digitatus, L. princei and L. atlanticus. They were particularly numerous in L. micranthus and L. albus. The structure of proteoid root clusters varied between species.
9
Hamblin, J., R. Delane, A. Bishop, and G. Adam. "The yield of wheat following lupins: effects of different lupin genotypes and management." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 44, no. 4 (1993): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9930645.
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More nitrogen is fixed by grain lupins (Lupinus sp.) than is removed in the harvested grain. Differences in residual N after different lupin species and genotypes (L. albus, L. cosentinii, L. angustifolius) and different agronomic treatments (harvesting, sowing dates, sowing rates and fertilizer treatments) were estimated using a simple nitrogen (N) balance. For six experiments, the relationship between the estimated residual N value and the yield of the following wheat crop was also examined. L. albus grew poorly on the infertile sandy soils and had the lowest estimated residual N value, whereas L. cosentinii had a high estimated residual N value and L. angustifolius was intermediate. Across sites and seasons, the estimated residual N value of L. angustifolius varied from 37 to 165 kg N/ha. For an individual experiment the greatest range for L. angustifolius was from 59 to 114 kg N/ha. Despite the wide range in residual N across genotypes, there was a poor relationship between estimated residual N value and yield of the following wheat crop. Except for lupin crops which grew poorly, the impact of agronomic treatment on the residual N from lupins had little effect on yield of the following wheat. On the basis of these results there seems to be no reason to manage the lupin crop for high residual N value, and any improvements to the nitrogen harvest index of lupins through breeding or management are not expected to reduce the residual effect.
10
Hawthorne, WA, and JS Gladstones. "Lupinus angustifolius L. (narrow-leafed lupin) cv. Warrah." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 29, no. 6 (1989): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9890911.
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Gladstones, JS. "Lupinus angustifolius L. (narrow-leafed lupin) cv. Gungurru." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 29, no. 6 (1989): 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9890913.
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Gladstones, JS. "Lupinus angustifolius L. (narrow-leafed lupin) cv. Yorrel." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 29, no. 6 (1989): 915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9890915.
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Gladstones, JS. "Lupinus angustifolius L. (narrow-leafed lupin) cv. Merrit." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 32, no. 2 (1992): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9920265.
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Hannam, RJ, RD Graham, and JL Riggs. "Diagnosis and prognosis of manganese deficiency in Lupinus angustifolius L." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 36, no. 6 (1985): 765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9850765.
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Relationships diagnostic of manganese (Mn) deficiency in Lupinus angustifolius were examined in growth chamber experiments by studying the effects of Mn supply on plant growth and on photosynthesis and Mn concentrations in young leaves and whole shoots. A critical Mn concentration in youngest fully expanded leaves (YFEL) of 30 8g/g dry matter was found to be diagnostic of reduced dry matter production. A similar critical concentration was found for whole shoots, and the criteria were consistent over a wide range of ontogeny until at least early flowering. A less sensitive criterion of Mn deficiency was that for chlorophyll 'a' fluorescence characteristics of YFEL's (17 8g/g in YFEL), which estimates photosynthetic dysfunction in relation to Mn supply. The distal segments of lupin leaves best reflected changes in fluorescence in relation to their Mn status. The prognosis of impending Mn deficiency in maturing lupin plants was also examined in field and growth chamber experiments by studying the effects of Mn supply on the relationships between the concentrations of Mn in plant components at anthesis, and the subsequent appearance of Mn deficient ('split') seed on maturing plants. The absence of Mn deficient seed in main axis and first-order lateral inflorescences of maturing lupins could be predicted by Mn concentrations in stems at anthesis of >20 8g/g. Manganese concentrations of buds, leaves and tissues containing a high proportion of leaf, were found to be poor predictors of subsequent Mn deficiency in maturing lupins.
15
Костенко, Н. П., and С. О. Лахтіонова. "Studying new varie ties of (Lupinus angustifolius L.) and white lupin (Lupinus albus L.)." Plant varieties studying and protection, no. 3(20) (August 15, 2013): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21498/2518-1017.3(20).2013.57437.
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Dunshea, F. R., N. J. Gannon, R. J. van Barneveld, B. P. Mullan, R. G. Campbell, and R. H. King. "Dietary lupins (Lupinus angustifolius and Lupinus albus) can increase digesta retention in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 52, no. 5 (2001): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar00081.
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Lupins are high in crude protein, cell wall materials, and gross energy but uncertainty about the bioavailability of nutrients and adverse effects on feed intake limit their use in the pig industry. Three experiments were conducted to determine the effect of lupins on retention time in the digestive tract by determining the average time it took for ingested polyethylene beads to pass through the digestive tract of pigs fed wheat-based diets containing various lupin species and fractions. In Expt 1, pigs were restrictively fed (1.8 kg/day) diets containing either predominantly wheat or predominantly wheat plus 400 g/kg peas or L. angustifolius seeds or kernels. The retention times of diets containing 400 g/kg of L. angustifolius seeds or kernels were significantly greater than those containing wheat alone (66.4 and 64.3 v. 48.8 h, P < 0.05, s.e.d. = 7.7 h), while that for the diet containing 400 g/kg peas was intermediate (55.8 h). In Expt 2 and 3, pigs were fed 1 of 6 wheat-based diets balanced for digestible energy (DE) and amino acid composition and containing either animal protein or 350 g/kg of peas, and L. angustifolius seeds or kernels, or L. albus seeds and kernels. Pigs were restrictively fed (1.5 kg/day) for Expt 2 or fed ad libitum for Expt 3. The mean retention time of the L. albus diets was greater than the other diets in both experiments. Feed intake and daily gain were reduced in pigs fed diets containing L. albus. Despite having lower feed intakes, pigs fed diets containing L. albus had more digesta in the stomach and small intestine at slaughter than the pigs consuming the diets not containing lupins. Appropriate physical treatment or enzymatic supplementation of L. albus diets may alleviate some of the feed intake problems.
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White, PF, and AD Robson. "Lupin species and peas vary widely in their sensitivity to Fe deficiency." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 40, no. 3 (1989): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9890539.
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Variation exists between lupins and peas and between species of lupins in their performance on fine-textured alkaline soils. Two species of lupins (Lupinus angustifolus, L. cosentinii) and peas (Pisum sativum) were grown on a fine-textured alkaline soil under conditions conducive to Fe deficiency to determine whether differences between species could be related to susceptibility to Fe deficiency.Treatments induced severe Fe deficiency and markedly reduced growth of L. angustifolius, had only a moderate effect on L. cosentinii, and had no effect on P. sativum. Poor growth and symptoms were closely related to Fe concentrations within the leaves of plants.Lupins and peas therefore vary markedly in their tolerance to Fe deficiency, which is possibly related to their ability to produce reactions around their roots which make Fe available for uptake.
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Z., Maknickiene, Asakaviciute Rita, Baksiene E., and Razukaś A. "Alkaloid content variations in Lupinus luteus L. and Lupinus angustifolius L." Archives of Biological Sciences 65, no. 1 (2013): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1301107m.
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Cowie, AL, RS Jessop, DA MacLeod, and GJ Davis. "Effect of soil nitrate on the growth and nodulation of lupins (Lupinus angustifolius and L. albus)." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 30, no. 5 (1990): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9900655.
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The effect of increasing external nitrate (NO-3) concentration on the nodulation of Lupinus albus and L. angustifolius lines was examined in 2 sand culture experiments. In the first experiment 4 lines, 3 L. albus and 1 L. angustifolius, were grown at NO-3 concentrations of 0, 2, 8, 16, and 30 mmol/L for 49 days. Increasing the NOT concentration reduced nodule weight in all varieties to a similar extent. In a second experiment, 18 L. angustifolius lines were grown at NO-3 concentrations of 2 and 8 mmol/L for 49 days. The ratio of nodule weights at the 8 and 2 mmol/L NO-3 treatments varied widely, from 23 to 71%, between the lines. There appears to be potential for selection of L. angustifolius varieties able to maintain N2 fixation at increased levels of soil N.
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Tang, C., AD Robson, NE Longnecker, and BJ Buirchell. "The growth of Lupinus species on alkaline soils." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46, no. 1 (1995): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9950255.
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Lupinus angustifolius L. grows poorly on alkaline soils, particularly those that are fine-textured. This poor growth has been attributed to high concentrations of bicarbonate, high clay content and/or iron deficiency. In field studies, we examined the growth of 13 lupin genotypes reliant on N2 fixation, or receiving NH4N03, at four sites with various combinations of soil pH and texture. Plants grown on an alkaline clay and an alkaline sand showed iron chlorosis at early stages, and had a slower shoot growth than those grown on an acid loam or an acid sand. Species varied greatly in the severity of iron chlorosis and also in growth and seed yield, with L. angustifolius, L. luteus and L. albus more affected than L. pilosus, L. atlanticus and L. cosentinii. Rankings of growth and seed yield of the lupin genotypes on the alkaline clay correlated well with the rankings on the alkaline sand soil. Plants which had severe iron chlorosis in alkaline clay also had severe chlorosis in alkaline sands. However, correlation between the severity of iron chlorosis and early shoot growth was poor. The results suggest that high pH and/or high bicarbonate are more likely than soil texture to be the primary factors restricting the growth of commercial lupins.
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Tang, C., and N. C. Turner. "The influence of alkalinity and water stress on the stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate and growth of Lupinus angustifolius L. and Lupinus pilosus Murr." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 39, no. 4 (1999): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea98132.
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A glasshouse experiment examined the effect of water stress on the growth of Lupinus angustifolius L. and Lupinus pilosus Murr. grown on an acid sandy soil, a limed sandy soil and an alkaline clay soil. Decreasing soil water content decreased the stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate, and reduced plant growth. The responses of both species to water stress were generally similar in the sand and limed soils, but in the alkaline soil, L. angustifolius grown with limited water had markedly lower conductances and photosynthetic rates than the plants in the other soils at equivalent soil water contents. In adequately watered plants, the lupin species differed substantially in their growth response to soil types. Whereas the growth of L. pilosus was unaffected, the shoot dry weight of L. angustifolius grown on the limed and alkaline soils for 25–44 days was reduced by 32–54 and 44–86%, respectively, compared with the growth in the acid soil. The poor growth of L. angustifolius appeared to be primarily due to its poor root growth. In the alkaline soil, water stress reduced rather than stimulated root growth. The results suggest that, in the field, the limited root growth of L. angustifolius on alkaline soils will exacerbate water deficits when the topsoil dries out in the latter part of the season.
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van Barneveld, Robert J. "Understanding the nutritional chemistry of lupin (Lupinus spp.) seed to improve livestock production efficiency." Nutrition Research Reviews 12, no. 2 (December 1999): 203–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/095442299108728938.
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AbstractIn their raw, unprocessed form, lupins have many desirable characteristics for feeding both ruminants and single-stomached animals. An emphasis on these desirable characteristics when formulating diets, combined with an advanced knowledge of how components of lupins can influence nutritional value, will ensure they make a cost-effective contribution to livestock diets. The main lupin species used in livestock diets include Lupinus albus, L. angustifolius and L. luteus. Supplementation of ruminant diets with lupins has been shown to have many positive effects in terms of growth and reproductive efficiency, comparable with supplements of cereal grain. The true value of lupins in ruminants, however, can only be determined following a better definition of animal requirements and a closer match of ration specifications. Pigs can effectively utilize L. angustifolius and L. luteus, but detailed research has yet to reveal the reason for poor utilization of diets containing L. albus. Poultry can tolerate high levels of lupins in their diets but levels are often restricted to avoid problems associated with excess moisture in the excreta. Variable responses to enzymes have been observed when attempting to rectify this problem. Lupins have unique carbohydrate properties characterized by negligible levels of starch, high levels of soluble and insoluble NSP, and high levels of raffinose oligosaccharides, all of which can affect the utilization of energy and the digestion of other nutrients in the diet. In addition to carbohydrates, an understanding of lupin protein, lipid and mineral composition together with a knowledge of potential anti-nutritional compounds is required if the use of this legume is to be optimized.
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Birchall, C., RS Jessop, and PWG Sale. "Interaction effects of solution pH and calcium-concentration on Lupin (Lupinus-Angustifolius L) growth." Soil Research 33, no. 3 (1995): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9950505.
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The effects of sand solution calcium (Ca) concentration and pH on the growth of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) were examined in an attempt to assess the relative importance of these two soil factors. Two pH (6.5, 8.5) and three Ca concentration treatments (0.625, 6.25, 16.25 mM) were applied by growing lupin in columns of sand which were flushed regularly with otherwise complete nutrient solutions. Root and shoot weights 63 days after sowing were reduced by both increasing pH and increasing Ca concentration. The pH x Ca interaction effect on shoot weight suggested increasing Ca played an important role (which was greatest at pH 6.5) in reducing lupin growth. It was unlikely that growth was reduced by either disrupted iron (Fe) nutrition or poor nodulation of the lupins.
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Dunbabin, V., Z. Rengel, and A. Diggle. "The root growth response to heterogeneous nitrate supply differs for Lupinus angustifolius and Lupinus pilosus." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 52, no. 4 (2001): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar00098.
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Little is known about the ability of legume root systems to respond to the heterogeneous supply of nitrate. A split-root nutrient solution experiment was set up to compare the root growth response of 2 lupin species, Lupinus angustifolius L. (dominant tap root and primary lateral system) and L. pilosus Murr. (minor tap root and well-developed lateral root system), to differentially supplied nitrate. These 2 species represent the extremes of the root morphology types present across the lupin germplasm. Nutrient solution containing low (250 M) or high (750 M) nitrate was supplied either uniformly, or split (high and low) between the upper and lower root system. The average growth rate and total root length of L. pilosus was 1.7 times that of L. angustifolius. For both species, the increased proliferation of roots in a high nitrate zone was accompanied by a decrease in root growth in the low nitrate zone, giving approximately the same total growth as the uniform low nitrate treatment. This correlative growth rate response was 15% larger for the first-order branches of L. pilosus than L. angustifolius. While few second-order branches grew for L. angustifolius, the second-order laterals of L. pilosus showed a 2-fold correlative root growth and branching response to the split treatments, with no difference in growth between the uniform high and low nitrate treatments. The second-order laterals thus proliferated in response to the differential supply of nitrate and not the absolute concentration. While the growth rate and branching of the second-order laterals of L. pilosus exhibited a typical correlative response, first-order branching was inhibited in all split treatments, regardless of whether the roots were in the high or low nitrate zone. This response was not seen in L. angustifolius. The difference in the root growth response of the 2 root system types to differentially supplied nitrate suggests a potential in the lupin germplasm for developing a line capable of greater nitrate capture from the soil profile.
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Лысенко, О. Г. "Люпин узколистный (Lupinus angustifolius L.) – сидеральная культура." Научные труды по агрономии 2, no. 2 (2019): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.37574/2658-7963-2019-2-45-50.
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Широкое внедрение люпина узколистного в сидеральных посевах позволит улучшить баланс гумуса в почве, что может удешевить производство сельхозпродукции, предотвратить деградацию почвенного плодородия. Сидеральные сорта люпина узколистного, выращиваемые в занятых и сидеральных парах и промежуточных посевах, вместо паровой и полупаровой обработки почвы, не только предотвращают проявление водной и ветровой эрозии, но и обогащают почву органическим веществом и азотом, повышая продуктивность севооборота. Его неприхотливость к почвенным условиям, урожайность, богатство белком, способностью связывать молекулярный азот воздуха за счёт симбиотической фиксации азота (до 80% своих потребностей) доказывает, что он является одним из важных звеньев, осуществляющих функции средообразующих и ресурсовосстанавливающих растений, что важно в современном направлении – биологизации земледелия. Для использования люпина в качестве органического удобрения нужны надежные сидеральные сорта. В ФГБНУ «Ленинградский НИИСХ «БЕЛОГОРКА» в результате селекционной работы получены высокопродуктивные сорта люпина узколистного сидерального направления: Олигарх, Белогорский 310, Аккорд, Меценат. Они прошли Госсортоиспытание и включены в реестр допущенных к использованию в качестве сидератов. Их использование в качестве промежуточной и основной сидеральной культуры в зерново-пропашном севообороте, решает проблему дешевых органических удобрений, оздоровления пахотных земель и их плодородия.
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Miao, Z. H., J. A. Fortune, and J. Gallagher. "Anatomical structure and nutritive value of lupin seed coats." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 52, no. 10 (2001): 985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar00117.
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Selection and breeding for yield and adaptation to environmental conditions often changes a number of characteristics of crops, and may influence the value of seed for animals. A series of experiments was conducted to evaluate the effect of breeding and growing conditions on the structure and degradability of lupin seed coats. Breeding has had significant influences on both seed size and seed coat structure of lupins. For instance, cultivars of Lupinus angustifolius released in 1987 and 1988 tended to have smaller seeds with a thicker seed coat than those released in 1971 (P < 0.05). Selection for soft seeds has resulted in a reduction of seed coat thickness in L. angustifolius. Hardseeded and roughseeded lines of L. cosentinii had thicker coats (P < 0.05) than softseeded and smoothseeded, respectively. The main contributor to the thick seed coat of hardseeded lines was a layer of cells known as the hourglass layer, which is located between the outer palisade and inner parenchyma. Anatomical analysis revealed that the soft seed coat tended to have short and round cells, whereas the hard seed tended to have long cells in the palisade layer. Smooth seeds had round cells in the subpalisade, but rough seeds had long cells in this layer. Although the seed coats of lupins contained about 80% crude fibre, with L. cosentinii and L. pilosus having more fibre than L. angustifolius, the fibre in lupin seed coats was highly digestible by sheep.
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Frankowski, Kamil, Emilia Wilmowicz, Rafał Mączkowski, Katarzyna Marciniak, and Jan Kopcewicz. "The Generative Development of Traditional and Self-Completing (Restricted Branching) Cultivars of White Lupin (Lupinus Albus L.), Yellow Lupin (L.Luteus L.) and Narrow-Lafed Lupin (L. Angustifolius L.) Grown under Different Phytotron Conditions." Plant Breeding and Seed Science 69, no. 1 (December 1, 2014): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/plass-2015-0005.
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ABSTRACT Increasing the number of flowers and pods set, as well as reducing the intensity of their abortion, is of crucial importance for the yielding of leguminous plants. This study examined the effects of the type of soil used and mineral fertilization applied on the generative development of the traditional and self-completing (restricted branching) cultivars of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.), yellow lupin (L. luteus L.) and narrow-lafed lupin (L. angustifolius L.) cultivated under controlled phytotron conditions. Experiments carried out under such conditions allow for the elimination of variable environmental factors affecting the course of plant ontogenesis in field cultivation, and enable unambiguous interpretation of the biochemical and molecular influence of a selected factor on the physiological process studied. For the first time, the influence of different cultivation factors on generative development of traditional and selfcompleting (restricted branching) cultivars of lupins under phytotrone was examined. The research results presented here indicate that each of the selected lupin cultivars has its own characteristic cultivation conditions that are optimal for its generative development. The largest number of flowers were formed by the traditional cultivars of L. luteus and L. angustifolius, as well as the self-completing (restricted branching) cultivars of L. luteus and L. albus grown in class IIIa soil material. The lowest flower abortion rate was observed in L. albus grown in class V soil material, in L. luteus grown in class IIIa soil material, and in L. angustifolius grown in class IVa soil material. Regardless of the cultivation conditions applied, in all of the lupin cultivars examined the first pods to be set were characterized by the lowest abortion rate. The results obtained allowed for the development of lupin phytotron cultivation models for the purposes of research on generative development control.
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Oomah, B. Dave, Nathalie Tiger, Mark Olson, and Parthiba Balasubramanian. "Phenolics and Antioxidative Activities in Narrow-Leafed Lupins (Lupinus angustifolius L.)." Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 61, no. 2 (June 2006): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11130-006-0021-9.
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Hamblin, John, Joanne Barton, Milton Sanders, and T. J. V. Higgins. "Factors affecting the potential for gene flow from transgenic crops of Lupinus angustifolius L. in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56, no. 6 (2005): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar04313.
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Australian sweet lupins (Lupinus angustifolius L.) and their naturalised wild progenitor occur widely throughout the agricultural zone of Western Australia. Before unrestricted release of transgenic lupins is allowed, an assessment is needed of the likely level of gene flow between the wild and cultivated lupins. Three sets of data were collected to evaluate the likelihood of outcrossing and gene flow. These were the level of outcrossing between adjacent lupin crops, the spatial distribution of crops and wild lupins, and the relative flowering times of the crops and wild lupins. The level of outcrossing within the first 1.5 m of adjacent crops, assessed over 1.56 million plants, was 1 cross in 3600 plants. No crossing was detected at distances greater than 2.25 m (outcrossing rate less than 1 in 148 000). The distribution of 216 crops and 237 wild populations in Western Australia rarely overlapped. Only 5 wild populations were detected in the area where crops were found. No crops occurred in the areas where the remaining wild lupins (232 populations) were found. The crops were all early flowering, whereas the 3 selected wild populations, representing 3 different (medium, high, and very high rainfall) climatic zones, all flowered later. We conclude that the likelihood of gene flow from a transgenic lupin crop to wild lupin populations is extremely low. This is consistent with the fact that reverse gene flow from wild lupins carrying dominant genes for blue flowers and bitter seeds has never been found in farmers’ fields, despite 35 years of lupin cropping where areas of over 1 000 000 ha per year have been grown in Western Australia.
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Dracup, M., RK Belford, and PJ Gregory. "Constraints to root growth of wheat and lupin crops in duplex soils." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 32, no. 7 (1992): 947. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9920947.
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Duplex soils constitute about 60% of the cropping region of Western Australia and are usually cropped with wheat or lupins. Extensive and deep root growth is particularly important to crop production on these soils, because the nutrient- and water-holding capacities of the A horizon are frequently low. However, properties of the soils and the Mediterranean-type climate impose several constraints to root growth. Physical and chemical properties of duplex soils are spatially variable, leading to pronounced variation (from metres to tens of metres) in the growth of roots and shoots. Both the A and B horizons often impede root growth mechanically, with bulk density and penetrometer resistance frequently exceeding 1.8 Mg/m3 and 2 MPa, respectively. Also, saturated conductivities of the B horizon are often <0.01 m/day, leading to waterlogging. Topsoil acidity is often a problem in lighttextured A horizons, with pH declining about 0.1 unit each decade in yellow duplex soils near Beverley, Western Australia, where pH is already usually <4.8. Conversely, in the B horizon of red-brown earths and, sometimes, yellow duplex soils, pH >7 restricts growth of roots of Lupinus angustifolius. Major constraints to root growth often occur together (e.g. waterlogging with acidity, salinity, or mechanical impedance), and this exacerbates problems of root growth and necessitates identification and amelioration of the particular combination of constraints to improve root growth. Although L. angustifolius is often grown on duplex soils, its roots are not suited to these soils. Rooting depth is restricted, and unlike wheat roots, those of L. angustifolius are poorly adapted to ramifying through the soil for efficient water and nutrient extraction. Lupinus angustifolius is also particularly sensitive to high pH, salinity, and, probably, waterlogging. Other species of lupin which are more tolerant of high pH (e.g. L. pilosus) and waterlogging (e.g. L. luteus) may be more appropriate on duplex soils.
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Brennan, R. F., and R. J. French. "Grain yield and cadmium concentration of a range of grain legume species grown on two soil types at Merredin, Western Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 9 (2005): 1167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea03137.
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Five grain legumes species, narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.), field pea (Pisum sativum L.), faba bean (Vicia faba L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), and yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.), were grown on 2 soil types, a red clay and red duplex soil, in the < 400 mm rainfall district of Western Australia. The study showed that chickpea, field pea and faba bean accumulated less cadmium (Cd) in dried shoots and grain than narrow-leafed lupin. Yellow lupin had Cd concentrations ~3 times higher in dried shoots and ~9 times higher in grain than narrow-leafed lupin. For both experiments, the ranking (lowest to highest) of mean Cd concentration (mg Cd/kg) in the grain was: chickpea (0.017) < field pea (0.024) = faba bean (0.024) < narrow-leafed lupin (0.033) < yellow lupin (0.300).
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Trapero-Casas, A., A. Rodríguez-Tello, and W. J. Kaiser. "Lupins, a New Host of Phytophthora erythroseptica." Plant Disease 84, no. 4 (April 2000): 488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2000.84.4.488b.
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Several lupin (Lupinus) species are native to southern Spain (2). The white lupin, Lupinus albus L., is the most important crop, and its seeds are used for human consumption and animal feed. Accessions of three indigenous species, L. albus, L. angustifolius L., and L. luteus L., and an introduced species from South America, L. mutabilis Sweet, were planted during October in replicated yield trials in acidic soils (pH 6.5) in the Sierra Morena Mountains (elevation 350 m) north of Córdoba. Root and crown rot disease was widespread and very serious on the indigenous lupins, particularly in several patches of white lupin cultivars. Infected plants were devoid of feeder rootlets, and the tap roots, crowns, and lower stems were necrotic and turned dark brown to black. Rotted roots were colonized heavily by fungal oospores. Many affected plants wilted and died before flowering. A Phytophthora sp. was isolated consistently from the necrotic roots and crowns of symptomatic white lupins. The same fungus also was isolated from the necrotic root tissues of the other indigenous lupin species. Isolates of the fungus from diseased white lupins were homothallic and produced oospores rapidly and abundantly on corn meal and V8 agars. Antheridia were amphigynous, and aplerotic oospores ranged from 22 to 32 μm (average 27 μm). Nonpapillate, ovoidobpyriform sporangia were produced only in water on simple sympodial sporangiophores. Cultures on V8 agar grew at 5 to 30°C (optimum ≈25°C). The species was identified as Phytophthora erythroseptica Pethybr. based on morphology of oospores, sporangia, and other cultural characteristics (1). Koch's postulates were fulfilled by planting seeds of white lupin cv. Multulupa in sterile potting soil infested with a blended culture on V8 agar from a white lupin isolate of P. erythroseptica and reisolating the fungus after 28 days from lesions that developed on the roots and crowns of inoculated plants incubated in a greenhouse at 16 to 26°C. The fungus was not isolated from white lupins seeded in potting soil inoculated with sterile V8 agar. In pathogenicity tests, two isolates of P. erythroseptica from white lupins caused severe symptoms on the roots and crowns of inoculated white lupin cv. Multulupa similar to those observed on white lupins naturally infected in field trials. These isolates also caused root and crown rots on inoculated L. luteus and L. angustifolius. The fungus did not infect the roots or crowns of tarwi (L. mutabilis cv. SCG 20), alfalfa (Medicago sativa cv. Moapa), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Contender), chickpea (Cicer arietinum cv. Blanco Lechoso), faba bean (Vicia faba cv. Arboleda), lentil (Lens culinaris cv. local), pea (Pisum sativum cv. Lancet), soybean (Glycine max cv. Akashi), or subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum cv. Seaton-park). The tests were repeated, and the results were similar. This is the first report of P. erythroseptica infecting Lupinus spp. References: (1) D. C. Erwin and O. K. Ribeiro. 1996. Phytophthora Diseases Worldwide. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN. (2) B. Valdés et al. 1987. Flora Vascular de Andalucía Occidental. Ketres, Barcelona, Spain.
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Księżak, Jerzy, Mariola Staniak, and Jolanta Bojarszczuk. "Nutrient Contents in Yellow Lupine (Lupinus luteus L.) and Blue Lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) Cultivars Depending on Habitat Conditions." Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 27, no. 3 (March 12, 2018): 1145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15244/pjoes/76677.
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Cowling, WA, and JC Clements. "Association between collection site soil pH and chlorosis in Lupinus angustifolius induced by a fine-textured, alkaline soil." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 44, no. 8 (1993): 1821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9931821.
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Collection site soil pH may be a useful predictor of tolerance in Lupznus angustifolzus to chlorosis induced by alkaline soils. We examined a range of genotypes from the Mediterranean region for their tolerance of an alkaline sandy clay loam (pH 8.8) from Merredin, Western Australia. Fifteen wild L. angustifolius lines, collected on a variety of soils that ranged in pH from 4.2 to 9.0, were compared with cultivars of L. angustifolzus and known alkaline-tolerant (L. cosentinii) and alkaline-sensitive (L. luteus) lupin species. Five-week-old seedlings varied greatly in chlorosis on the alkaline soil, from almost no chlorosis (as in L. cosentinzi cv Erregulla) to severely chlorotic (L. angustifolius line MJS176 from Spain). No lines were chlorotic after acid amelioration of the soil. Chlorosis score in wild L. angustifolius was not significantly correlated with soil pH at the collection site and was not associated with a particular soil texture, but there was a significant correlation between altitude of collection sites and chlorosis scores. Chlorosis-sensitive lines were from higher altitudes, had lower root and shoot fresh weight, were lower in Fe, Mn and K and were higher in Zn, P, and S in new growth than resistant lines. Chlorosis-sensitive lines also had the largest increases in fresh weight of roots and shoots in response to soil acidification. Genotypes with better root growth and therefore lower chlorosis symptoms on alkaline soil did not necessarily have the strongest root growth on acid ameliorated soil. Soil pH at the collection site in the Mediterranean region was not a reliable predictor of chlorosis in L. angustifolius induced by an alkaline fine-textured soil in Western Australia, although significant variation in tolerance to this soil was found within the species.
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Dunbabin, V., Z. Rengel, and A. Diggle. "Lupinus angustifolius has a plastic uptake response to heterogeneously supplied nitrate while Lupinus pilosus does not." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 52, no. 4 (2001): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar00099.
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Uptake rates calculated from plants uniformly supplied with a nutrient will underestimate uptake under heterogeneous conditions. A split-root nutrient solution experiment was set up to compare the uptake rate of 2 lupin species (Lupinus angustifolius L., L. pilosus Murr.) under conditions of uniform and heterogeneous nitrate supply. Nitrate was supplied uniformly to the root system at 250 M (low), 750 M (high), or 1500 M (high), or in a split low/high or high/low combination between the upper and lower root system. While L. pilosus had a greater total nitrate uptake over the treatment period due to a higher total root length, L. angustifolius had 1.5–2.5 times greater nitrate uptake rate per unit of root length. L. angustifolius also had the capacity to increase the nitrate uptake rate in sections of the root system supplied locally with high nitrate, compared with a root system uniformly supplied with high nitrate. This increased uptake rate under heterogeneous supply enabled the plant to take up 74–94% of the total nitrate taken up when uniformly supplied with high nitrate, while only 58–72% would have been taken up without such a compensation mechanism. L. pilosus did not show this response. The difference between the response of these 2 species suggests that a range of nitrate uptake responses may exist across the lupin germplasm, and that it may be possible to select a lupin species with an enhanced ability to capture nitrate from the profile, thus decreasing nitrate losses from leaching.
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Bramley, Helen, Stephen D. Tyerman, David W. Turner, and Neil C. Turner. "Root growth of lupins is more sensitive to waterlogging than wheat." Functional Plant Biology 38, no. 11 (2011): 910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp11148.
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In south-west Australia, winter grown crops such as wheat and lupin often experience transient waterlogging during periods of high rainfall. Wheat is believed to be more tolerant to waterlogging than lupins, but until now no direct comparisons have been made. The effects of waterlogging on root growth and anatomy were compared in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) and yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) using 1 m deep root observation chambers. Seven days of waterlogging stopped root growth in all species, except some nodal root development in wheat. Roots of both lupin species died back progressively from the tips while waterlogged. After draining the chambers, wheat root growth resumed in the apical region at a faster rate than well-drained plants, so that total root length was similar in waterlogged and well-drained plants at the end of the experiment. Root growth in yellow lupin resumed in the basal region, but was insufficient to compensate for root death during waterlogging. Narrow-leafed lupin roots did not recover; they continued to deteriorate. The survival and recovery of roots in response to waterlogging was related to anatomical features that influence internal oxygen deficiency and root hydraulic properties.
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Edwards, O. R., T. J. Ridsdill-Smith, and F. A. Berlandier. "Aphids do not avoid resistance in Australian lupin (Lupinus angustifolius, L. luteus) varieties." Bulletin of Entomological Research 93, no. 5 (September 2003): 403–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ber2003256.
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AbstractLaboratory bioassays and field trials were used to characterize resistance to three aphid species (Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Acyrthosiphon kondoi Shinji, Aphis craccivora (Koch) in two aphid-resistant varieties (Kalya, Tanjil) and one susceptible variety (Tallerack) of Lupinus angustifolius L., and in one resistant variety (Teo) and one susceptible variety (Wodjil) of L. luteus L. Host selection tests in the glasshouse showed that alates of all three species preferred L. luteus to L. angustifolius, but provided no evidence that alates selected susceptible varieties over resistant. These results were supported by a field trial, which showed no difference in the number of colonizing A. kondoi alates collected from the resistant and susceptible lines of each lupin species, but there were significantly more late-instar nymphs and apterous adults on the susceptible lines. In laboratory host suitability experiments, there was much greater suppression of aphid growth and survival on Teo than on Kalya and Tanjil. In field trials, the numbers of aphids were generally lower on resistant compared to susceptible lines of both lupin species with one notable exception: M. persicae numbers were not lower on the resistant variety Tanjil compared to the susceptible variety Tallerack (L. angustifolius). These results suggest that the resistance mechanisms in both lupin species do not affect the selection of hosts by colonizing aphids, but rather are affecting the growth, survival and possibly reproduction of aphids after settling.
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Tang, C., and AD Robson. "Nodulation failure is important in the poor growth of two lupin species on an alkaline soil." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35, no. 1 (1995): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9950087.
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This study examined the effects of inoculation of Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lupinus) on the nodulation and growth of 2 lupin species on an alkaline soil in the field. Plants of L. angustifolius cv. Gungurru (alkaline-sensitive) and L. pilosus Murr. P23030 (alkaline-tolerant) were either not inoculated or inoculated with Bradyrhizobium (strain WU425 or WSM1253) and grown on an alkaline clay, an acid loam, and a limed acid loam. On the alkaline soil, plants of both lupin species without inoculation nodulated poorly and had low nitrogen (N) concentrations in shoots. Inoculation with bradyrhizobia on the alkaline soil greatly increased nodulation and N concentrations in shoots, but nodule number of L. angustifolius was still lower than that on the acid soil. Lupin species differed in growth and nodulation on the alkaline soil, L. pilosus being more tolerant than L. angustifolius. Effects of liming on growth and nodulation were not significant. A survey of a farmer's crop of L. albus cv. Kiev mutant, adjacent to the field trial, showed that poor growth was associated with high soil pH and poor nodulation.
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McLay, C. D. A., L. Barton, and C. Tang. "Acidification potential of ten grain legume species grown in nutrient solution." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 48, no. 7 (1997): 1025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a96174.
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The paper reports the relative acidification potential of 10 N2-fixing grain legume species grown in nutrient solution for 35 days after nodule appearance. The legumes studied were pilosus (Lupinus pilosus Murr. P23342), yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L. R1171), white lupin (Lupinus albus L. Kiev mutant), narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L. Gungurru), faba bean (Vicia faba L. Fiord), field pea (Pisum sativum L. Dundale), grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L. S453), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L. T1587), common vetch (Vicia sativa L. Blanchefleur), and lentil (Lens culinaris Med. ILL6002). The species varied considerably in their acidifying ability; proton production ranged from 77 to 136 cmol/kg dry matter. Chickpea and narrow-leafed lupin had the largest acidification potential and field pea the least. The specific acidification (amount of protons produced per kg dry matter) was best correlated with concentrations of excess cations, ash alkalinity, and calcium in plant across the species but was not correlated with plant nitrogen concentration. Total ash alkalinity or total excess cations in shoots provided a good indicator for estimation of total proton production in these species, which were reliant on N2fixation for their source of N. The results have implications for the selection of legumes to be used in sustainable farming systems.
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Fuentes, Elsa, and Ana M. Planchuelo. "Sterol and Fatty Acid Patterns in Wild and Cultivated Species of Lupinus (Leguminosae)." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 52, no. 1-2 (February 1, 1997): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1997-1-203.
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Abstract Seed oil components of wild and cultivated species of Lupinus were analyzed by gas liquid chromatography (GLC). The sterol and fatty acid patterns of Lupinus albescens and L. gibertianus that are considered important germoplasm resources of South America, are reported for the first time and compared with varieties of Lupinus albus, L. angustifolius and L. mutabilis. The taxonomic implication of seed oil composition was evaluated using a multivariate analysis system.
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MAKSEL, Danuta, Andrzej GURANOWSKI, C. Steven ILGOUTZ, Arthur MOIR, G. Michael BLACKBURN, and R. Kenwyn GAYLER. "Cloning and expression of diadenosine 5′,5‴-P1,P4-tetraphosphate hydrolase from Lupinus angustifolius L." Biochemical Journal 329, no. 2 (January 15, 1998): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3290313.
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The first isolation, cloning and expression of cDNA encoding an asymmetric diadenosine 5ʹ,5‴P1,P4-tetraphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase (Ap4A hydrolase) from a higher plant is described. Ap4A hydrolase protein was purified from seeds of both Lupinus luteus and Lupinus angustifolius and partially sequenced. The Ap4A hydrolase cDNA was cloned from L. angustifolius cotyledonary polyadenylated RNA using reverse transcription and PCR with primers based on the amino acid sequence. The cDNA encoded a protein of 199 amino acids, molecular mass 22982 Da. When expressed in Escherichia coli fused to a maltose-binding protein, the enzyme catalysed asymmetric cleavage of Ap4A to AMP and ATP which was inhibited at concentrations of F- as low as 3 μM. These are properties characteristic of Ap4A hydrolase (asymmetrical) (EC 3.6.1.17). Comparison of the Ap4A hydrolase sequences derived from the four known cDNAs from pig, human, lupin and fission yeast showed that, like the mammalian hydrolase, the lupin enzyme possesses a Mut T motif but no other significant similarities. No sequence similarity to the human fragile histidine triad protein, as found in the Ap4A hydrolase from Schizosaccharomyces pombe, was detected in the Ap4A hydrolase from lupin.
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Reader, M. A., M. Dracup, and C. A. Atkins. "Transient high temperatures during seed growth in narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) II. Injuriously high pod temperatures are likely in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 48, no. 8 (1997): 1179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a97043.
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Studies under controlled environment conditions indicate that transient high temperatures (34-38˚C) during grain filling can significantly reduce weight per seed in narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.). This study has shown that on average, lupin pods reach temperatures about 3-5˚C higher than the maximum daily air temperature during seed filling under field cropping conditions. These differences do not appear to be markedly influenced by the amount of radiation intercepted by the canopy, stage of pod development, or position of the pods in the canopy, but fluctuate more as a result of differences in radiation intensity, wind speed, and water availability. Trickle irrigation reduced the difference between pod and air temperature by about 2˚C. Lupin species with larger pods (L. cosentinii and L. atlanticus) reached higher maximum daily temperatures than those of L. angustifolius. Long-term meteorological data indicate that air temperatures during seed filling of lupins in Western Australia are likely to exceed 30˚ C and will occasionally exceed 35˚ C. In lupin-growing areas of Western Australia, pod temperatures exceeding 33-35˚ C can be expected about 1 year in every 3, and more rarely (about 1 in 10 years), pod temperatures exceeding 38-40˚ C can be expected. These transient high temperatures are likely to increase significantly the year to year variation in yields of lupin grain.
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Winnicki, Konrad, Iwona Ciereszko, Joanna Leśniewska, Alina T. Dubis, Anna Basa, Aneta Żabka, Marcin Hołota, et al. "Irrigation affects characteristics of narrow-leaved lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) seeds." Planta 249, no. 6 (January 25, 2019): 1731–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03091-9.
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Tang, C., H. Adams, NE Longnecker, and AD Robson. "A method to identify lupin species tolerant of alkaline soils." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 36, no. 5 (1996): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9960595.
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Narrow-leafed lupins (Lupinus angustifolius L.) grow poorly on alkaline soils. In contrast, L. pilosus Murr. and L. atlanticus Glad. grow well on such soils. This study aimed to develop a solution culture method to screen lupin species for their ability to grow well on alkaline soils. Sixteen lupin genotypes from 6 species, including introduced cultivars and wild types, were grown in high pH solutions with varying concentrations of buffers and bicarbonate. Relative taproot elongation, shoot growth and iron chlorosis were compared with iron chlorosis, relative shoot growth and seed yield for the same genotypes on an alkaline soil in the field. The results suggested that root elongation rate at pH 7 in solution buffered with a mixture of 1 mmol MES/L and 1 mmol TESL (plus 10 mmol CaCl2/L), and shoot weight at 5 mmol bicarbonate/L at pH 8.7 are good indicators of tolerance to an alkaline soil among the lupin species.
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Kehoe, M. A., B. J. Buirchell, B. A. Coutts, and R. A. C. Jones. "Black Pod Syndrome of Lupinus angustifolius Is Caused by Late Infection with Bean yellow mosaic virus." Plant Disease 98, no. 6 (June 2014): 739–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-11-13-1144-re.
Full textAbstract:
Black pod syndrome (BPS) causes devastating losses in Lupinus angustifolius (narrow-leafed lupin) crops in Australia, and infection with Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) was suggested as a possible cause. In 2011, an end-of-growing-season survey in which L. angustifolius plants with BPS were collected from six locations in southwestern Australia was done. Tissue samples from different positions on each of these symptomatic plants were tested for BYMV and generic potyvirus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Detection was most reliable when RT-PCR with generic potyvirus primers was used on tissue taken from the main stem of the plant just below the black pods. Partial coat protein nucleotide sequences from eight isolates from BPS-symptomatic L. angustifolius plants all belonged to the BYMV general phylogenetic group. An initial glasshouse experiment revealed that mechanical inoculation of L. angustifolius plants with BYMV after pods had formed caused pods to turn black. This did not occur when the plants were inoculated before this growth stage (at first flowering) because BYMV infection caused plant death. A subsequent experiment in which plants were inoculated at eight different growth stages confirmed that BPS was only induced when L. angustifolius plants were inoculated after first flowering, when pods had formed. Thus, BYMV was isolated from symptomatic L. angustifolius survey samples, inoculated to and maintained in culture hosts, inoculated to healthy L. angustifolius test plants inducing BPS, and then successfully reisolated from them. As such, Koch's postulates were fulfilled for the hypothesis that late infection with BYMV causes BPS in L. angustifolius plants.
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Nadolska-Orczyk, Anna. "Somatic embryogenesis of agriculturally important lupin species (Lupinus angustifolius, L. albus, L. mutabilis)." Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 28, no. 1 (January 1992): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00039911.
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Croker, KP, MA Johns, and TJ Johnson. "Reproductive performance of Merino ewes supplemented with sweet lupin seed in southern Western Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 25, no. 1 (1985): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9850021.
Full textAbstract:
The effect of supplementation of mature Merino ewes, with 250 g of sweet lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) seed/head.day from 14 days before joining until day 17 of joining, on flock prolificacy was evaluated under commercial farming conditions over 3 years in a series of 50 trials involving 22 800 ewes. Responses to supplementation, in terms of lambs born, ranged from - 14 to + 2 1 %. Increasing the rate of supplementation to 500 g/head.day did not overcome the problem of the variable response. The present inability to select responsive situations limits the potential use of supplementation with lupins to increase the reproductive performance of Merino ewe flocks.
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Cowie, AL, RS Jessop, and DA MacLeod. "Effect of soil nitrate on the growth and nodulation of winter crop legumes." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 30, no. 5 (1990): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9900651.
Full textAbstract:
The relative effect of increasing external nitrate supply on the nodulation of 3 winter crop legumes was examined in a controlled environment experiment. Lupin (Lupinus angustifolius cvv. Chittick, Wandoo), chickpea (Cicer arietinum cvv. Tyson, Amethyst) and field pea (Pisum sativum cvv. Maitland, Dundale) were grown at 2 nitrate (NO-3) concentrations of 2 and 8 mmol/L for 40 days.Shoot and root growth were not affected by NO-3 concentration. Increased NO-3 concentration significantly (P<0.05) reduced nodule number and nodule weight in all species. The inhibition of nodulation by increased NO-3 was greatest in peas, followed by chickpeas, and least in lupins.
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Zawadzki, Tadeusz. "Electrical properties of Lupinus angustifolius L. stem L Subthreshold potentials." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 48, no. 1 (2015): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1979.009.
Full textAbstract:
Subthreshold and action potentials in <i>Lupinus</i> stem in response to sub-threshold and threshold stimuli (square constant current pulses) were studied. The occurrence of electrotonic potentials and local responses is demonstrated. The general characteristic of these responses and their amplitudes are the same as demonstrated for the isolated crab axons by Hodgkin (1939) and Hodgkin and Rushton (1946). The course of the phenomenon, however, is about 108-104 times slower in plants.
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Brand, J. D., C. Tang, and A. J. Rathjen. "Adaptation of Lupinus angustifolius L. and L. pilosus Murr. to calcareous soils." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50, no. 6 (1999): 1027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar98177.
Full textAbstract:
Current varieties of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupin angustifolius L.) are poorly adapted to alkaline and calcareous soils found commonly throughout the south-estern Australian cropping zone. Apot experiment compared the growth of Lupinus angustifolius cv. Gungurru with L. pilosus P20954 in a range of soils collected throughout South Australia. The soils displayed a range of texture (clay, 3–82%), pH (1:5 soil:H2O, 7·0–9·6), and calcium carbonate content (CaCO3, 0–47%). Potting mix (pH 5·8) was used as the control. The plants were grown for 7 weeks with weekly measurements of chlorosis score and leaf number. At harvest, dry weights were recorded and the youngest fully expanded leaves were analysed for nutrient concentrations. The line P20954 grew much better in all the soils than Gungurru in terms of plant dry weight relative to the control soil, this being particularly evident in the calcareous soils. Chlorosis score correlated highly with shoot dry weight for Gungurru, but not for P20954. The main soil factor contributing to the chlorosis score of Gungurru was CaCO3 content, whereas none of the soil factors significantly affected P20954, although in Weeks 2 and 3 chlorosis score correlated with CaCO3 content. The dry weight of Gungurru was affected by a combination of factors including clay content, pH, and CaCO3 content, whereas the dry weight of P20954 was affected by most of the soil factors measured. The dry weight of P20954 was positively correlated with aluminium and magnesium concentrations. Concentrations of all nutrients were above critical levels for both genotypes grown in all soils. The results indicate that L. pilosus has the potential to be grown in areas where current varieties of L. angustifolius are poorly adapted.