Relevant bibliographies by topics / Lungs – Innervation

Academic literature on the topic 'Lungs – Innervation'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Lungs – Innervation"

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Lath, Nikesh R., Csaba Galambos, Alejandro Best Rocha, Marcus Malek, George K. Gittes, and Douglas A. Potoka. "Defective pulmonary innervation and autonomic imbalance in congenital diaphragmatic hernia." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 302, no. 4 (February 15, 2012): L390—L398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00275.2011.

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Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is associated with significant mortality due to lung hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension. The role of embryonic pulmonary innervation in normal lung development and lung maldevelopment in CDH has not been defined. We hypothesize that developmental defects of intrapulmonary innervation, in particular autonomic innervation, occur in CDH. This abnormal embryonic pulmonary innervation may contribute to lung developmental defects and postnatal physiological derangement in CDH. To define patterns of pulmonary innervation in CDH, human CDH and control lung autopsy specimens were stained with the pan-neural marker S-100. To further characterize patterns of overall and autonomic pulmonary innervation during lung development in CDH, the murine nitrofen model of CDH was utilized. Immunostaining for protein gene product 9.5 (a pan-neuronal marker), tyrosine hydroxylase (a sympathetic marker), vesicular acetylcholine transporter (a parasympathetic marker), or VIP (a parasympathetic marker) was performed on lung whole mounts and analyzed via confocal microscopy and three-dimensional reconstruction. Peribronchial and perivascular neuronal staining pattern is less complex in human CDH than control lung. In mice, protein gene product 9.5 staining reveals less complex neuronal branching and decreased neural tissue in nitrofen-treated lungs from embryonic day 12.5 to 16.5 compared with controls. Furthermore, nitrofen-treated embryonic lungs exhibited altered autonomic innervation, with a relative increase in sympathetic nerve staining and a decrease in parasympathetic nerve staining compared with controls. These results suggest a primary defect in pulmonary neural developmental in CDH, resulting in less complex neural innervation and autonomic imbalance. Defective embryonic pulmonary innervation may contribute to lung developmental defects and postnatal physiological derangement in CDH.
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Rhodes, Julie, Deeksha Saxena, GuangFeng Zhang, George K. Gittes, and Douglas A. Potoka. "Defective parasympathetic innervation is associated with airway branching abnormalities in experimental CDH." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 309, no. 2 (July 15, 2015): L168—L174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00299.2014.

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Developmental mechanisms leading to lung hypoplasia in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) remain poorly defined. Pulmonary innervation is defective in the human disease and in the rodent models of CDH. We hypothesize that defective parasympathetic innervation may contribute to airway branching abnormalities and, therefore, lung hypoplasia, during lung development in CDH. The murine nitrofen model of CDH was utilized to study the effect of the cholinergic agonist carbachol on embryonic day 11.5 ( E11.5) lung explant cultures. Airway branching and contractions were quantified. In a subset of experiments, verapamil was added to inhibit airway contractions. Sox9 immunostaining and 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine incorporation were used to identify and quantify the number and proliferation of distal airway epithelial progenitor cells. Intra-amniotic injections were used to determine the in vivo effect of carbachol. Airway branching and airway contractions were significantly decreased in nitrofen-treated lungs compared with controls. Carbachol resulted in increased airway contractions and branching in nitrofen-treated lungs. Nitrofen-treated lungs exhibited an increased number of proliferating Sox9-positive distal epithelial progenitor cells, which were decreased and normalized by treatment with carbachol. Verapamil inhibited the carbachol-induced airway contractions in nitrofen-treated lungs but had no effect on the carbachol-induced increase in airway branching, suggesting a direct carbachol effect independent of airway contractions. In vivo treatment of nitrofen-treated embryos via amniotic injection of carbachol at E10.5 resulted in modest increases in lung size and branching at E17.5. These results suggest that defective parasympathetic innervation may contribute to airway branching abnormalities in CDH.
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Mellen, Nicholas M., and Jack L. Feldman. "Phasic Lung Inflation Shortens Inspiration and Respiratory Period in the Lung-Attached Neonate Rat Brain Stem Spinal Cord." Journal of Neurophysiology 83, no. 5 (May 1, 2000): 3165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2000.83.5.3165.

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In intact mammals, lung inflation during inspiration terminates inspiration (Breuer-Hering inspiratory reflex, BHI) and the presence of lung afferents increases respiratory frequency. To test whether these responses could be obtained in vitro, a neonate rat brain stem/spinal cord preparation retaining the lungs and their vagal innervation was used. It was found that 1) the BHI could be replicated in vitro, 2) phasic lung inflation during inspiration caused increased respiratory frequency with declining efficacy as inflation delay increased, and 3) increased respiratory frequency did not require inspiratory shortening.
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Gahlot, Luxmi, Francis H. Y. Green, Anita Rigaux, Jennifer M. Schneider, and Shabih U. Hasan. "Role of vagal innervation on pulmonary surfactant system during fetal development." Journal of Applied Physiology 106, no. 5 (May 2009): 1641–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90868.2008.

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Vagally mediated afferent feedback and compliant lungs (surfactant system) play vital roles in the establishment of adequate alveolar ventilation and pulmonary gas exchange at birth. Although the significance of vagal innervation in the establishment of normal breathing patterns is well recognized, the precise role of lung innervation in the maturation of the surfactant system remains unclear. The specific aim of the present study was to investigate whether vagal denervation compromises the surfactant system during fetal development. Experiments were performed on 12 time-dated fetal sheep: 8 underwent cervical vagal denervation, and 4 were sham operated. Vagal denervation was performed at 110–113 days gestation. Fetal lambs were instrumented in utero to record arterial pH and blood-gas tensions. The animals were delivered by cesarean section under general anesthesia between 130 and 133 days gestation (term ∼147 days). Lung samples were collected for wet-to-dry ratios, light and electron microscopy, and overall lung morphology. In addition, total proteins, total phospholipids, and surfactant proteins A and B were analyzed in both lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Vagal denervation had no effect on alveolar architecture, including type II cells or the morphology of lamellar bodies within them. Furthermore, surfactant proteins A and B and total phospholipids were similar in lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid between the two groups. A significant correlation was observed between circulating cortisol concentrations and surfactant proteins in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissue. We provide definitive evidence that vagal innervation at midgestation is not required for maturation of the pulmonary surfactant system during fetal development.
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Blagojević, Miloš, Ivana Božičković, Gordana Ušćebrka, Olivera Lozanče, Milena Đorđević, Zoran Zorić, and Ivana Nešić. "Anatomical and histological characteristics of the lungs in the ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus)." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 66, no. 2 (June 2018): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/004.2018.016.

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The aim of this work was to study the topography, morphology, vascularisation, histology and innervation of the lungs in the ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus) and compare these data with those concerning the rat, mole rat, rabbit and mouse. The research was carried out on 15 animals. It was revealed that the right lung has four lobes (cranial, middle, caudal and accessory lobes), while the left lung is not divided into segments. The functional vessels are a. pulmonalis dextra et sinistra and vv. pulmonales (5–6), while the nutritive vessels of the lungs are a. bronchoesophagea dextra and v. bronchoesophagea dextra. Histological tissue sections of the lungs revealed that the wall of terminal bronchioles contains no cartilage and the mucosal epithelium is pseudostratified, cubic and ciliated. Clara cells (club cells, bronchiolar exocrine cells) are present but have no cilia. The lung alveolar diameter is 37 μm on average, and the thickness of the alveolar wall and the interalveolar septa is 1.38 μm. Destruction of the alveolar walls, accumulation of erythrocytes in the capillaries of alveolar septa and destruction of the cytolemma of the capillary endothelium were detected. In addition, connective tissue fibres and peripheral nerves were detected by silver impregnation.
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Зиновьев, Сергей, Sergey Zinovev, Сергей Целуйко, Sergey Tseluyko, Сергей Селивёрстов, Sergey Seliverstov, Михаил Горбунов, and Mikhail Gorbunov. "STRESSING LUNG OF RATS AS AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF PULMONARY HYPERTENSION AND HYPEREMIA." Bulletin physiology and pathology of respiration 1, no. 67 (March 6, 2018): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5a9f2dc7802aa6.48982296.

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A review of the literature is devoted to the peculiarities of the lung structure of white rats. Morphological features of rat lungs are an experimental model in the case of the study of the development of left ventricular pulmonary hypertension. Rats have the features of the lungs structure, which differ from the lungs of man. The construction of blood vessels of the rat lungs should be studied in the case of a stressor lung. Peculiarities of innervation of the pulmonary veins of rats in the root of the lung make the left lung of rats an object of study necessary for solving the problems of modern pulmonology, cardiology and morphology. In the anatomical study, the root of the diaphragmatic lobe is located in the caudal sulcus of the left lung. In studying the features of the sintopia and holotopia of the root and gates of the left lung of sexually mature rats, the structural apparatus of the caudal sulcus is discovered, which is located for more than 11-17 mm on the medial surface of the diaphragmatic lobe of the left lung. The structural apparatus consists of the left caudal pulmonary vein, furrows on the surface of the diaphragmatic lobe of the left lung, the adventitial shell of the caudal bronchus, the visceral pleura, the bronchial nerves and blood vessels, the encapsulated receptors. The presence of cardiomyocytes in the intrapulmonary veins in rats confirms the hypothesis of a rhythmic, valve-like action of the transverse striated muscle of the pulmonary venous wall during systole and a possible role in pulmonary circulation. Data obtained through experimental intervention indicate the valve-like effect of the striated muscle of the pulmonary venous wall.
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Van Lommel, Alfons T. L., and Joseph M. Lauweryns. "Ultrastructure and innervation of neuroepithelial bodies in the lungs of newborn cats." Anatomical Record 236, no. 1 (May 1993): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092360122.

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Brouns, Inge, Fusun Oztay, Isabel Pintelon, Ian Proost, Robrecht Lembrechts, Jean-Pierre Timmermans, and Dirk Adriaensen. "Neurochemical pattern of the complex innervation of neuroepithelial bodies in mouse lungs." Histochemistry and Cell Biology 131, no. 1 (September 2, 2008): 55–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00418-008-0495-7.

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Mazzone, Stuart B., and Bradley J. Undem. "Vagal Afferent Innervation of the Airways in Health and Disease." Physiological Reviews 96, no. 3 (July 2016): 975–1024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00039.2015.

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Vagal sensory neurons constitute the major afferent supply to the airways and lungs. Subsets of afferents are defined by their embryological origin, molecular profile, neurochemistry, functionality, and anatomical organization, and collectively these nerves are essential for the regulation of respiratory physiology and pulmonary defense through local responses and centrally mediated neural pathways. Mechanical and chemical activation of airway afferents depends on a myriad of ionic and receptor-mediated signaling, much of which has yet to be fully explored. Alterations in the sensitivity and neurochemical phenotype of vagal afferent nerves and/or the neural pathways that they innervate occur in a wide variety of pulmonary diseases, and as such, understanding the mechanisms of vagal sensory function and dysfunction may reveal novel therapeutic targets. In this comprehensive review we discuss historical and state-of-the-art concepts in airway sensory neurobiology and explore mechanisms underlying how vagal sensory pathways become dysfunctional in pathological conditions.
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Van Genechten, Jeroen, Inge Brouns, Geoff Burnstock, Jean-Pierre Timmermans, and Dirk Adriaensen. "Quantification of Neuroepithelial Bodies and Their Innervation in Fawn-Hooded and Wistar Rat Lungs." American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 30, no. 1 (January 2004): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1165/rcmb.2003-0097oc.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lungs – Innervation"

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Tollet, Cecilia Jenny. "The origin and early development of the intrinsic innervation in the foetal mouse lung." University of Western Australia. School of Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, 2003. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2004.0060.

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In this study, the origin and development of the intrinsic innervation in the foetal mouse lung is described and experimental evidence is provided to support the involvement of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in the guidance of nerves and neuronal precursors in the developing lung. Antibodies were used to stain for neuronal precursors, neurones, nerve fibres, primordial epithelium and smooth muscle. These structures were revealed in whole mounts of foetal mouse lungs by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy, and their spatial and temporal distribution was mapped from the onset of lung development and through the pseudoglandular period. The results showed that neuronal precursors, positive for neural crest cell markers, were present in the vagal tract of the foregut at embryonic day 10 (E10), the time of the evagination of the lung buds. These neural crest-derived cells (NCC) migrated into the lung at E11, along nerve processes directed from the vagus to the smooth musclecovered trachea and emerging lobar bronchi. During E11-E14, a network of nerves and ganglia became established along the dorsal trachea, and large ganglia formed a plexus at the ventral hilum. Nerve trunks issued from these ganglia, travelled along the smooth muscle-covered bronchi, providing a pathway for migrating NCC. To investigate the role of GDNF in the innervation of the lung, an in vitro model of left lung lobes was established. Lung growth and tubule branching was comparable to that in vivo, and neural tissue and smooth muscle continued to grow and thrive. A significant increase in nerve growth occurred when explants were cultured with GDNF compared to controls. Nerves extended, and NCC migrated towards GDNF-impregnated beads suggesting that GDNF may be the molecule guiding nerve fibres and NCC in the lung. The migrating NCC were negative for GDNF-family receptor α1 (GFRα1) during their migration into the lung while the nerves were positive. Since GDNF needs to be associated with its binding receptor, GFRα1, for cellular signalling, GDNF may induce the migration of the NCC if they migrate along the GFRα1-positive nerve fibres. It is concluded that neural tissue and smooth muscle become integral components of the lung shortly after the onset of lung development. The results show that the migration of neural crest-derived cells into the lung and the establishment of the innervation requires coordinated cross-talk between NCC, nerves and smooth muscle throughout development.
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Freem, L. J. "The development of the neural crest-derived intrinsic innervation of the lung." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1335726/.

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The autonomic airway ganglia that comprise the intrinsic lung innervation are derived from vagal neural crest cells (NCC) that migrate tangentially from the foregut into the embryonic lung buds. The aim of this PhD thesis was to investigate the mechanisms that direct NCC from the foregut into the lungs and that subsequently influence their development. A novel combination of cell labelling, using Wnt1Cre:Rosa26YFP double transgenic reporter mice, and Optical Projection Tomography (OPT) imaging was employed to visualize lung innervation. Results showed that NCC migrated into the lungs from the esophagus early in development, accumulated around the epithelial tubules and differentiated into an extensive network of neurons and glial cells. Next, chick intraspecies grafting was used to test the developmental potential of lung and gut NCC. Results showed that when NCC from the gut were back-grafted into the early migration pathway these cells colonised both the lungs and gut, indicating that vagal NCC are not prespecified to colonise either organ and are thus likely to respond to common signalling cues. When potential cues were tested in organotypic lung culture, NCC migrated towards sources of the RET (Rearranged during Transfection) ligand GDNF (Glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor), suggesting that the RET signalling pathway is involved in NCC colonisation of the lung. However, examination of RET mutants indicated that this pathway is not necessary for NCC colonisation of the lung, since lung innervation in Ret-/- mouse embryos was similar to controls. Lung innervation was further examined in several mouse mutants with known NCC defects. Intrinsic ganglia formation was altered in Sox10Dom and Tbx1 mutant mouse lungs, implicating a role for vagal nerve projections in guiding NCC within the lung. Together these studies have described the development of intrinsic lung innervation in the avian and mammal and examined multiple mechanisms underlying NCC development within the lung.
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Wagner, Sabine. "Tachykinine und Tachykinin-Rezeptoren in der Innervation der Lunge der Maus : Veränderungen bei Hypoxie und BDNF-Überexpression /." Giessen : Köhler, 2004. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014610775&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Graulich, Tilman [Verfasser]. "Stereologische Untersuchungen der Gas-Austauschregion der Lunge und der Innervation der Trachea bei der tumorkachektischen Maus / Tilman Graulich." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1140734997/34.

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Hirschfeld, Anna. "Die vegetative Innervation der Pferdelunge." 2019. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A36151.

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Die Recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), im deutschen auch als „Dämpfigkeit“ be-zeichnet, ist eine weltweit anerkannte und weit verbreitete Erkrankung der Luftwege beim Pferd, die durch eine hypersensitiv-vermittelte Entzündung der Atemwege und begleitende Neutrophilie charakterisiert ist. Ausgelöst durch ungünstige Umweltbedingungen umfasst der klassische Phänotyp dieses Krankheitsbildes Husten, Nasenausfluss, Dyspnoe und Leistungsabfall. Die pathophysiologischen Vorgänge äußern sich in Bronchialobstruktion, Schleimhypersekretion, Hyperreaktivität und Umbauvorgängen (Airway remodelling) der Atemwege. In der Literatur existieren bisher noch keine genaueren Daten zur sympathischen und parasympathischen Lungeninnervation beim Pferd. Die vorliegende Arbeit liefert erstmalig eine umfangreichere immunhistochemische Analyse der Nervenäste in der equinen Lunge. Durch Immunfluoreszenz-Markierungen von ChAT und TH wurden sympathische und parasympathische Fasern detektiert. Die hierfür eingesetzten hochgereinigten Antikörper haben sich hierbei als geeignete Marker für cholinerge bzw. katecholaminerge Zellstrukturen erwiesen. Hierbei gab es keinen Hinweis darauf, dass sich die Immunreaktivität im Faserverlauf ändert oder von kranial nach kaudal schwächer wird. Auffällig war die starke Immunreaktivität der ChAT in den untersuchten Gewebeschnitten eines an RAO erkrankten Pferdes, die auf eine Hochregulation des Parasympathikus im Verlauf dieser Lungenerkrankung deutet. Die zusätzliche Detektion weiterer neuronaler Marker wie z.B. MAP2 oder NF-L sowie von Mikroglia und Astrozyten erlaubte den Nachweis weiterer Veränderungen im Krankheitsverlauf. Die validierte Koexpression von katecholaminergen bzw. cholinergen Markerenzymen deutet auf eine autonome Regulationsweise mit dem Potential einer variablen Reaktion auf Umwelteinflüsse. Die in der vorliegenden Arbeit etablierte Immunfluoreszenz-Doppelmarkierung von cholinergen und katecholaminergen Zellstrukturen bildet eine solide Grundlage für weitere Untersuchungen in Pferdegeweben unter physiologischen und pathologischen Bedingungen.
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Durrer, Nicole [Verfasser]. "Immunhistochemische Studien zur fetalen Entwicklung der Innervation und der Verteilung neuroendokriner Zellen und neuroepithelialer Körperchen in der menschlichen Lunge / vorgelegt von Nicole Durrer geb. Omlor." 2007. http://d-nb.info/984104283/34.

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Books on the topic "Lungs – Innervation"

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E, Cameron William, Gandevia Simon C, Sieck Gary C, and International Congress of Physiological Sciences. 30th : 1986 : Vancouver, B.C.), eds. Respiratory muscles and their neuromotor control: Proceedings of an I.U.P.S. Satellite Symposium on Respiratory Muscles and their Neuromotor Control, held in Los Angeles, California, July 22-24, 1986. New York: Liss, 1987.

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C, Sieck Gary, Gandevia Simon C, Cameron William E, International Union of Physiological Sciences., and International Congress of Physiological Sciences (30th : 1986 : Vancouver, B.C.), eds. Respiratory muscles and their neuromotor control: Proceedings of an IUPS satellite symposium held in Los Angeles, California, July 22-24, 1986. New York: Liss, 1987.

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Novel Insights In The Neurochemistry And Function Of Pulmonary Sensory Receptors. Springer, 2011.

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T, Kappagoda C., Kaufman Marc P, and Symposium on Control of the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems in Health and Disease (1994 : University of California, Davis), eds. Control of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems in health and disease. New York: Plenum Press, 1995.

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(Editor), C. Tissa Kappagoda, and Marc P. Kaufman (Editor), eds. Control of the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems in Health and Disease (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology). Springer, 1996.

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L, Kamholz Stephan, ed. Pulmonary aspects of neurological diseases. New York: PMA Pub. Corp., 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lungs – Innervation"

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Coleridge, Hazel M., and John C. G. Coleridge. "Afferent Innervation of Lungs, Airways, and Pulmonary Artery." In Reflex Control of the Circulation, 579–607. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367813338-20.

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Widdicombe, J. G. "Chapter 5 Sensory innervation of the lungs and airways." In Progress in Brain Research, 49–64. Elsevier, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62756-9.

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Sparrow, Malcolm P., Markus Weichselbaum, Jenny Tollet, Peter K. McFawn, and John T. Fisher. "Development of the Airway Innervation." In The Lung, 33–53. Elsevier, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012324751-3/50037-1.

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Domnik, Nicolle J., Ernest Cutz, and John T. Fisher. "Development of the Innervation of the Lower Airways." In The Lung, 33–64. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-799941-8.00003-1.

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Stradling, J. R., and S. E. Craig. "The upper respiratory tract." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, 3169–72. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.180101.

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The upper respiratory tract extends from the anterior nares to the larynx and comprises (1) the nose—with main function as first-line defence against problems with incoming air, acting as a coarse particle filter and a conditioner (temperature and humidity) of the air, and with the sense of smell helping to detect noxious substances that are best avoided. (2) The pharynx—this has to be a rigid tube when used for breathing, but during swallowing it has to be a collapsed tube capable of peristalsis, a combination of functions which is achieved by complex innervation and musculature. Subepithelial collections of lymphoid tissue in the pharynx are ideally suited to process inhaled and swallowed antigens. (3) The larynx—this has three important functions: communication, protection of the airway, and dynamic control of lung volume....
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Shah, Pallav L., J. R. Stradling, and S. E. Craig. "The upper respiratory tract." In Oxford Textbook of Medicine, edited by Pallav L. Shah, 3933–37. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0396.

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The upper respiratory tract extends from the anterior nares to the larynx and comprises (1) the nose—with the main function as first-line defence against problems with incoming air, acting as a coarse particle filter and a conditioner (temperature and humidity) of the air, and with the sense of smell helping to detect noxious substances that are best avoided. (2) The pharynx—this has to act as a rigid tube when used for breathing, but during swallowing it has to be a collapsible tube capable of peristalsis, a combination of functions which is achieved by complex innervation and musculature. Subepithelial collections of lymphoid tissue in the pharynx are ideally suited to process inhaled and swallowed antigens. (3) The larynx—this has three important functions: communication, protection of the airway, and dynamic control of lung volume.
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Canning, Brendan, and Stuart Mazzone. "Reflexes Initiated by Activation of the Vagal Afferent Nerves Innervating the Airways and Lungs." In Advances in Vagal Afferent Neurobiology, 403–30. CRC Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203492314.ch15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Lungs – Innervation"

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Schlepütz, Marco, Sophie Seehase, Christina Schlumbohm, Katherina Sewald, Armin Braun, Boris W. Kramer, Stefan Uhlig, and Christian Martin. "Electric Field Stimulation Of Precision-cut Lung Slices Suggests Differences In Distal Lung Innervation." In American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a5030.

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Proskocil, Becky, Allison Fryer, David Jacoby, and Matthew Drake. "Macrophages in lung and innervating ganglia express TLR7 and release nitric oxide." In ERS International Congress 2020 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.1065.

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