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Journal articles on the topic 'Luminescent Metal Nanoclusters'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 September 2023

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1

Si, Hongxin, Tong Shu, Xin Du, Lei Su, and Xueji Zhang. "An Overview on Coinage Metal Nanocluster-Based Luminescent Biosensors via Etching Chemistry." Biosensors 12, no. 7 (July 11, 2022): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12070511.

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The findings from the synthetic mechanism of metal nanoclusters yield the etching chemistry based on coinage metal nanoclusters. The utilization of such chemistry as a tool that can alter the optical properties of metal nanoclusters has inspired the development of a series of emerging luminescent biosensors. Compared with other sensors, the luminescent biosensors have the advantages of being more sensitive, saving time and saving cost. We reviewed topics on the luminescent sensors based on the etching of emissive coinage metal nanoclusters. The molecules possessing varied etching ability towards metal nanoclusters were categorized with discussions of corresponding etching mechanisms. The understanding of etching mechanisms favored the discussions of how to use etching methods to detecting biochemical molecules. The emerging luminescent biosensors via etching chemistry also provided challenges and new opportunities for analytical chemistry and sensors.

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2

Ren, Chenyu, Tong Shu, Xin Du, Linzhi Yang, Lei Su, and Xueji Zhang. "Luminescent Sensors Based on the Assembly of Coinage Metal Nanoclusters." Chemosensors 10, no. 7 (June 30, 2022): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10070253.

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Coinage metals, such as Cu, Ag and Au, can form nanoclusters, which, when functionalized with ligands, have unique electronic and optical properties and are widely used in biomedical imaging, remote sensing, labeling, catalytic, etc. The mechanisms, structures and properties of nanocluster assemblies have been well reviewed. However, the collections and analyses of nanocluster assemblies for sensor application are few. This review examines different nanocluster sensor platforms with a focus on the assembly and analysis of the assembly processes and examples of applications.

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3

Yang, Tai-Qun, Bo Peng, Bing-Qian Shan, Yu-Xin Zong, Jin-Gang Jiang, Peng Wu, and Kun Zhang. "Origin of the Photoluminescence of Metal Nanoclusters: From Metal-Centered Emission to Ligand-Centered Emission." Nanomaterials 10, no. 2 (February 4, 2020): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10020261.

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Recently, metal nanoclusters (MNCs) emerged as a new class of luminescent materials and have attracted tremendous interest in the area of luminescence-related applications due to their excellent luminous properties (good photostability, large Stokes shift) and inherent good biocompatibility. However, the origin of photoluminescence (PL) of MNCs is still not fully understood, which has limited their practical application. In this mini-review, focusing on the origin of the photoemission emission of MNCs, we simply review the evolution of luminescent mechanism models of MNCs, from the pure metal-centered quantum confinement mechanics to ligand-centered p band intermediate state (PBIS) model via a transitional ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT or LMMCT) mechanism as a compromise model.

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4

Su, Yu, Tiantian Xue, Yuxin Liu, Jinxia Qi, Rongchao Jin, and Zhenkun Lin. "Luminescent metal nanoclusters for biomedical applications." Nano Research 12, no. 6 (May 29, 2019): 1251–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12274-019-2314-y.

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5

Chakraborty, Subhajit, and Saptarshi Mukherjee. "Effects of protecting groups on luminescent metal nanoclusters: spectroscopic signatures and applications." Chemical Communications 58, no. 1 (2022): 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cc05396e.

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We discuss the effect of ligands on the preparation of luminescent metal nanoclusters and how this tunes their spectroscopic signatures. The versatile nature of these nanoclusters in terms of multi-faceted applications are also highlighted.

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6

Li, Tingting, Haifeng Zhu, and Zhennan Wu. "Viewing Aggregation-Induced Emission of Metal Nanoclusters from Design Strategies to Applications." Nanomaterials 13, no. 3 (January 24, 2023): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13030470.

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Aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-type metal nanoclusters (NCs) represent an innovative type of luminescent metal NCs whose aggregates exhibit superior performance over that of individuals, attracting wide attention over the past decade. Here, we give a concise overview of the progress made in this area, from design strategies to applications. The representative design strategies, including solvent-induction, cation-induction, crystallization-induction, pH-induction, ligand inheritance, surface constraint, and minerals- and MOF-confinement, are first discussed. We then present the typical practical applications of AIE-type metal NCs in the various sectors of bioimaging, biological diagnosis and therapy (e.g., antibacterial agents, cancer radiotherapy), light-emitting diodes (LEDs), detection assays, and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). To this end, we present our viewpoints on the promises and challenges of AIE-type metal NCs, which may shed light on the design of highly luminescent metal NCs, stimulating new vitality and serving as a continuous boom for the metal NC community in the future.

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7

Shellaiah, Muthaiah, and Kien Sun. "Luminescent Metal Nanoclusters for Potential Chemosensor Applications." Chemosensors 5, no. 4 (December 19, 2017): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors5040036.

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8

Qian, Shuyu, Ziping Wang, Zhongxiang Zuo, Xiaomeng Wang, Qing Wang, and Xun Yuan. "Engineering luminescent metal nanoclusters for sensing applications." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 451 (January 2022): 214268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214268.

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9

Goswami, Nirmal, Qiaofeng Yao, Zhentao Luo, Jingguo Li, Tiankai Chen, and Jianping Xie. "Luminescent Metal Nanoclusters with Aggregation-Induced Emission." Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 7, no. 6 (February 29, 2016): 962–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02765.

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10

Wang, Chengri, Xiaoping Yang, Shiqing Wang, Ting Zhu, Le Bo, Lijie Zhang, Hongfen Chen, Dongmei Jiang, Xiaomei Dong, and Shaoming Huang. "Anion dependent self-assembly of drum-like 30- and 32-metal Cd–Ln nanoclusters: visible and NIR luminescent sensing of metal cations." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, no. 4 (2018): 865–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tc04101b.

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11

Wen, Wen, Zhongping Li, Xu Wang, Xiaoyan Du, Guangming Wen, and Li Li. "Fluorescent PEI@Pd nanoclusters: facile synthesis and application." RSC Advances 11, no. 53 (2021): 33202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra06307c.

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12

Dou, Xinyue, Xiaoyu Chen, Haiguang Zhu, Yong Liu, Dongyun Chen, Xun Yuan, Qiaofeng Yao, and Jianping Xie. "Water-soluble metal nanoclusters: recent advances in molecular-level exploration and biomedical applications." Dalton Transactions 48, no. 28 (2019): 10385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9dt01395d.

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Recent advances of water-soluble metal nanoclusters (MNCs) in designing highly luminescent MNCs, ligand shell engineering, tracking MNC's growth processes, and biomedical applications are highlighted.

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13

Xiao, Yan, Zhennan Wu, Qiaofeng Yao, and Jianping Xie. "Luminescent metal nanoclusters: Biosensing strategies and bioimaging applications." Aggregate 2, no. 1 (January 19, 2021): 114–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/agt2.11.

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14

Sun, Hong-Tao, and Yoshio Sakka. "Luminescent metal nanoclusters: controlled synthesis and functional applications." Science and Technology of Advanced Materials 15, no. 1 (February 2014): 014205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1468-6996/15/1/014205.

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15

Yang, Xiaoping, Desmond Schipper, Lijie Zhang, Keqin Yang, Shaoming Huang, Jijun Jiang, Chengyong Su, and Richard A. Jones. "Anion dependent self-assembly of 56-metal Cd–Ln nanoclusters with enhanced near-infrared luminescence properties." Nanoscale 6, no. 18 (2014): 10569–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr03075c.

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16

Chen, Hongfen, Xiaoping Yang, Dongmei Jiang, Dongliang Shi, and Lijie Zhang. "Construction of NIR luminescent polynuclear lanthanide-based nanoclusters with sensing properties towards metal ions." Dalton Transactions 47, no. 39 (2018): 13880–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8dt03308k.

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Two types of 4- and 9-metal lanthanide-based nanoclusters (Ln = Yb(iii) and Er(iii)) were constructed and the 9-metal Yb(iii) cluster shows interesting luminescent sensing of metal ions and exhibits high sensitivity to Cd²⁺ and Co²⁺ at ppm level.

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17

Han, Bingyan, Ze Xin, Qifang Yan, Qin Yan, and Jingmei Jiang. "Structure-dependent luminescent copper nanoclusters: self-assembly and morphological evolution." New Journal of Chemistry 44, no. 44 (2020): 19270–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nj04427j.

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18

Bain, Dipankar, Subarna Maity, and Amitava Patra. "Opportunities and challenges in energy and electron transfer of nanocluster based hybrid materials and their sensing applications." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 21, no. 11 (2019): 5863–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cp06188b.

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This feature article highlights the recent advances of luminescent metal nanoclusters (MNCs) for their potential applications in healthcare and energy-related materials because of their high photosensitivity, thermal stability, low toxicity, and biocompatibility.

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19

Wang, Yue, Yu-e. Shi, Tianzi Li, Henggang Wang, Yanxiu Li, Yuan Xiong, Shan Peng, and Zhenguang Wang. "Ligand-assisted reduction and reprecipitation synthesis of highly luminescent metal nanoclusters." Nanoscale Advances 1, no. 2 (2019): 834–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8na00268a.

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20

Wang, Wenjuan, Zhi Wang, Di Sun, Shulin Li, Quanhua Deng, and Xia Xin. "Supramolecular Self-Assembly of Atomically Precise Silver Nanoclusters with Chiral Peptide for Temperature Sensing and Detection of Arginine." Nanomaterials 12, no. 3 (January 27, 2022): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12030424.

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Metal nanoclusters (NCs) as a new type of fluorescent material have attracted great interest due to their good biocompatibilities and outstanding optical properties. However, most of the studies on metal NCs focus on the synthesis, atomic or molecular assembly, whereas metal NCs ability to self-assemble to higher-level hierarchical nanomaterials through supramolecular interactions has rarely been reported. Herein, we investigate atomic precise silver NCs (Ag9-NCs, [Ag9(mba)9], where H2mba = 2-mercaptobenzoic acid) and peptide DD-5 were used to induce self-assembly, which can trigger an aggregation-induced luminescence (AIE) effect of Ag9-NCs through non-covalent forces (H-bond, π–π stacking) and argentophilic interactions [Ag(I)–Ag(I)]. The large Stokes shift (~140 nm) and the microsecond fluorescence lifetime (6.1 μs) indicate that Ag9-NCs/DD-5 hydrogel is phosphor. At the same time, the chirality of the peptide was successfully transferred to the achiral Ag9-NCs because of the supramolecular self-assembly, and the Ag9-NCs/DD-5 hydrogel also has good circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) properties. In addition, Ag9-NCs/DD-5 luminescent hydrogel is selective and sensitive to the detection of small biological molecule arginine. This work shows that DD-5 successfully induces the self-assembly of Ag9-NCs to obtain high luminescent gel, which maybe become a candidate material in the fields of sensors and biological sciences.

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21

Li, Tingting, Zhenyu Wang, Ying Zhang, and Zhennan Wu. "Engineering Coinage Metal Nanoclusters for Electroluminescent Light-Emitting Diodes." Nanomaterials 12, no. 21 (October 30, 2022): 3837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12213837.

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Coinage metal nanoclusters (MNCs) are a new type of ultra-small nanoparticles on the sub-nanometer (typically < three nm) scale intermediate between atoms and plasmonic nanoparticles. At the same time, the ultra-small size and discrete energy levels of MNCs enable them to exhibit molecular-like energy gaps, and the total structure involving the metal core and surface ligand together leads to their unique properties. As a novel environmentally friendly chromophore, MNCs are promising candidates for the construction of electroluminescent light-emitting diodes (LEDs). However, a systematic summary is urgently needed to correlate the properties of MNCs with their influences on electroluminescent LED applications, describe the synthetic strategies of highly luminescent MNCs for LEDs’ construction, and discuss the general influencing factors of MNC-based electroluminescent LEDs. In this review, we first discuss relevant photoemissions of MNCs that may have major influences on the performance of MNC-based electroluminescent LEDs, and then demonstrate the main synthetic strategies of highly luminescent MNCs. To this end, we illustrate the recent development of electroluminescent LEDs based on MNCs and present our perspectives on the opportunities and challenges, which may shed light on the design of MNC-based electroluminescent LEDs in the near future.

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22

Amela-Cortes, Maria, Noée Dumait, Franck Artzner, Stéphane Cordier, and Yann Molard. "Flexible and Transparent Luminescent Cellulose-Transition Metal Cluster Composites." Nanomaterials 13, no. 3 (January 31, 2023): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13030580.

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Red-NIR luminescent polymers are principally obtained from petroleum-based derivatives in which emitters, usually a critical raw material such as rare-earth or platinum group metal ions, are embedded. Considering the strong ecological impact of their synthesis and the major risk of fossil fuel energy shortage, there is an urgent need to find alternatives. We describe a luminescent nanocomposite based on red-NIR phosphorescent molybdenum nanoclusters, namely Cs2Mo6I8(OCOC2F5)6, embedded in an eco-friendly cellulose biopolymer matrix that is obtained by a simple solvent casting technique. While homogeneity is kept up to 20 wt% of cluster complex doping, annealing hybrids leads to a large increase of their emission efficiency, as demonstrated by quantum yield measurements.

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23

Wang, Shiqing, Xiaoping Yang, Ting Zhu, Le Bo, Ruihu Wang, Shaoming Huang, Chengri Wang, Dongmei Jiang, Hongfen Chen, and Richard A. Jones. "Construction of luminescent high-nuclearity Zn–Ln rectangular nanoclusters with flexible long-chain Schiff base ligands." Dalton Transactions 47, no. 1 (2018): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7dt02576a.

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24

Xu, Xu, Muyao Ma, Tongxin Sun, Xin Zhao, and Lei Zhang. "Luminescent Guests Encapsulated in Metal–Organic Frameworks for Portable Fluorescence Sensor and Visual Detection Applications: A Review." Biosensors 13, no. 4 (March 29, 2023): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13040435.

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Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have excellent applicability in several fields and have significant structural advantages, due to their open pore structure, high porosity, large specific surface area, and easily modifiable and functionalized porous surface. In addition, a variety of luminescent guest (LG) species can be encapsulated in the pores of MOFs, giving MOFs a broader luminescent capability. The applications of a variety of LG@MOF sensors, constructed by doping MOFs with LGs such as lanthanide ions, carbon quantum dots, luminescent complexes, organic dyes, and metal nanoclusters, for fluorescence detection of various target analyses such as ions, biomarkers, pesticides, and preservatives are systematically introduced in this review. The development of these sensors for portable visual fluorescence sensing applications is then covered. Finally, the challenges that these sectors currently face, as well as the potential for future growth, are briefly discussed.

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25

Yang, Xiaoping, Zongping Li, Shiqing Wang, Shaoming Huang, Desmond Schipper, and Richard A. Jones. "Self-assembly of NIR luminescent 30-metal drum-like and 12-metal rectangular d–f nanoclusters with long-chain Schiff base ligands." Chem. Commun. 50, no. 98 (2014): 15569–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc07174c.

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Two classes of NIR luminescent heterobimetallic d–f nanoclusters [Ln₆Cd₂₄(L¹)₁₁(OAc)₄₃(OH)] and [Ln₄Zn₈(L²)₂(OAc)₂₀(OH)₄] (Ln = Nd and Yb) were prepared using flexible long-chain Schiff base ligands which have (CH₂)₆ backbones.

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26

Yang, Xiaoping, Shiqing Wang, Lijie Zhang, Shaoming Huang, Zongping Li, Chengri Wang, Ting Zhu, and Le Bo. "First NIR luminescent polymeric high-nuclearity Cd–Ln nanoclusters from a long-chain Schiff base ligand." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 4, no. 8 (2016): 1589–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc04103a.

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27

Jiang, Dongmei, Xiaoping Yang, Xiaohui Zheng, Le Bo, Ting Zhu, Hongfen Chen, Lijie Zhang, and Shaoming Huang. "Self-assembly of luminescent 12-metal Zn–Ln planar nanoclusters with sensing properties towards nitro explosives." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, no. 31 (2018): 8513–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tc02426j.

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Two types of Zn–Ln nanoclusters (Ln = Nd and Sm) were constructed using one long Schiff base ligand with a naphthyl backbone, and the 12-metal Zn–Sm cluster shows interesting visible and NIR luminescence sensing of nitro explosives with high sensitivity to 1,4-DNB and TNT at the ppb level.

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28

Li, Qiang, Yunhao Li, Heguo Li, Xiaoshan Yan, Guolin Han, Feng Chen, Zhengwei Song, et al. "Highly Luminescent Copper Nanoclusters Stabilized by Ascorbic Acid for the Quantitative Detection of 4-Aminoazobenzene." Nanomaterials 10, no. 8 (August 4, 2020): 1531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10081531.

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As one of the widely studied metal nanoclusters, the preparation of copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) by a facile method with high fluorescence performance has been the interest of researchers. In this paper, a simple, green, clean, and time-saving chemical etching method was used to synthesize water-soluble Cu NCs using ascorbic acid (AA) as the reducing agent. The as-prepared Cu NCs showed strong green fluorescence (with a quantum yield as high as 33.6%) and high ion stability, and good antioxidant activity as well. The resultant Cu NCs were used for the detection of 4-aminoazobenzene (one of 24 kinds of prohibited textile compounds) in water with a minimum detection limit of 1.44 μM, which has good potential for fabric safety monitoring.

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29

Yuan, Xun, Zhentao Luo, Yong Yu, Qiaofeng Yao, and Jianping Xie. "Luminescent Noble Metal Nanoclusters as an Emerging Optical Probe for Sensor Development." Chemistry - An Asian Journal 8, no. 5 (March 19, 2013): 858–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asia.201201236.

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30

Rinaldi, Silvia, Luigi Tarpani, and Loredana Latterini. "UV Treatment of the Stabilizing Shell for Improving the Photostability of Silver Nanoparticles." Journal of Nanomaterials 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7510563.

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Silver nanoparticles or nanoclusters are quite sensitive to light exposure. In particular, irradiation in the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) region brings about a drastic modification of their optical properties due to growth and reshaping of the nanoparticles. In order to obtain luminescent colloids, small silver colloidal nanoparticles were prepared in chloroform using vinylpyrrolidone oligomers as capping agent and their luminescence properties were used to control their stability upon prolonged exposure to visible light. The polymeric shell around the metal clusters was hardened through photo-cross-linking by UV light. This process did not alter the morphology and the optical properties of the nanoparticles but greatly improved the particle photostability as confirmed also by confocal laser scanning microscopy measurements. The data clearly show that UV curing of the stabilizing layer could be a simple postsynthetic procedure to obtain materials with stable properties.

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31

Liu, Zhaoyu, Dong Yao, Huiwen Liu, and Hao Zhang. "Metal Nanoclusters/Polyvinyl Alcohol Composite Films as the Alternatives for Fabricating Remote-Type White Light-Emitting Diodes." Nanomaterials 12, no. 2 (January 8, 2022): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12020204.

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Packing luminescent metal nanoclusters (MNCs) into polymers and fabricating novel MNCs/polymer composite materials is effective in obtaining high-performance light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Herein, water soluble Cu and Au nanoclusters are encapsulated in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) by a casting method. The obtained MNCs/PVA composite films are highly emissive with triple primary colors, and inherit the merits of PVA, such as transparency, flexibility, machinability, stability and self-healing ability. By employing the MNCs/PVA composite films as down-conversions, remote type monochromic and white LEDs are fabricated. The white LEDs (WLEDs) exhibit a maximum color rendering index (CRI) of 86 with a Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage (CIE) color coordinate of (0.33,0.35). By varying the three MNCs/PVA film arrangement, the correlated color temperature (CCT) of the WLEDs is tuned from 5582 to 9490 K, which signifies the possibility of MNCs/PVA as alternative light-emitting materials for advanced illumination and display in the future.

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32

Ghosh, Subhadip, Uttam Anand, and Saptarshi Mukherjee. "Luminescent Silver Nanoclusters Acting as a Label-Free Photoswitch in Metal Ion Sensing." Analytical Chemistry 86, no. 6 (February 28, 2014): 3188–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac500122v.

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33

Kuppan, Balamurugan, and Uday Maitra. "Instant room temperature synthesis of self-assembled emission-tunable gold nanoclusters: million-fold emission enhancement and fluorimetric detection of Zn2+." Nanoscale 9, no. 40 (2017): 15494–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nr05659a.

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Rapid room temperature metal ion triggered synthesis of intensely luminescent Au NCs from nonluminescent ones. The journey from nonluminescent to yellow emitting to green emitting species, induced by aggregation and self-assembly, is clearly depicted in the TEM micrograph.

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34

Xv, Xinling, Song Ye, Ling Pan, Peixuan Lin, Huazhen Liao, and Deping Wang. "Tailoring the Luminescence Properties of Silver Clusters Confined in Faujasite Zeolite through Framework Modification." Materials 15, no. 21 (October 23, 2022): 7431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15217431.

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Faujasite zeolites with a regular micropore and mesopore structure have been considered desirable scaffolds to stabilize luminescent silver nanoclusters (Ag CLs), while turning of the emission properties of the confined Ag CLs is still under investigation. In this study, the desilicated and dealuminated faujasite zeolites were first prepared to modify the zeolite framework and Si/Al ratio before Ag+ loading. With thermal treatment on the thereafter Ag+-exchanged zeolites, the Ag CLs formatted inside the D6r cages showed red-shifted emission in the desilicated zeolites and blue-shifted emission in the dealuminated zeolites, so that a tunable emission in the wavelength range of 482–528 nm could be obtained. Meanwhile, the full width at half maximum of the emission spectra is also closely related with framework modification, which monotonously increases with enhancing Si/Al ratio of host zeolite. The XRD, XPS, and spectral measurements indicated that the tunable luminescence properties of Ag CLs result from the controlling of local crystal field and coupling between host lattice and luminescent center. This paper proposes an effective strategy to manipulate the emission properties of Ag CLs confined inside zeolites and may benefit the applications of noble metal clusters activated phosphors in imaging and tunable emission.

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35

Li, Lu, Min Huang, Xianhu Liu, Dengming Sun, and Congying Shao. "In Situ Generation of Fluorescent Copper Nanoclusters Embedded in Monolithic Eggshell Membrane: Properties and Applications." Materials 11, no. 10 (October 9, 2018): 1913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11101913.

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Luminescent metal nanoclusters have attracted considerable research attention in recent years due to their unique properties and extensive usage in many fields. Three different synthetic routes were developed to in situ generate orange and red emitting copper nanoclusters embedded in monolithic eggshell membrane (Cu NCs@ESM) using different reducing reagents including N2H4·H2O, NH2OH·HCl and Vitamin C at room temperature for the first time. The routes are extremely facile, low-cost and versatile. The obtained Cu NCs@ESM nanocomposites exhibit excellent photostability and chemical stability, laying the foundation for various practical applications. Fluorescent surface patterning was demonstrated based on the proposed strategy easily. Significantly, the Cu NCs@ESM shows selective fluorescence quenching response to Hg2+ ions and good catalytic activity for methylene blue (MB) reduction degradation making it ideal as portable sensing strip and recyclable catalyst. The work provides a general strategy for the fabrication of other various monolithic nanomaterials with potential applications.

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36

Yuan, Xun, Zhentao Luo, Yong Yu, Qiaofeng Yao, and Jianping Xie. "ChemInform Abstract: Luminescent Noble Metal Nanoclusters as an Emerging Optical Probe for Sensor Development." ChemInform 44, no. 33 (July 25, 2013): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201333268.

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37

Ungor, Ditta, Rita Bélteki, Krisztián Horváth, Orsolya Dömötör, and Edit Csapó. "Fluorescence Quenching of Tyrosine-Ag Nanoclusters by Metal Ions: Analytical and Physicochemical Assessment." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 17 (August 29, 2022): 9775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23179775.

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A new synthesis method is described for the first time to produce silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) by using the tyrosine (Tyr) amino acid. Several important parameters (e.g., molar ratios, initial pH, reaction time etc.) were optimized to reach the highest yield. The formed Tyr-AgNCs show characteristic blue emission at λem = 410 nm, and two dominant fluorescence lifetime components were deconvoluted (τ1 ~ 3.7 and τ2 ~ 4.9 ns). The NCs contained metallic cores stabilized by dityrosine. For possible application, the interactions with several metal ions from the tap water and wastewater were investigated. Among the studied cations, four different ions (Cu2+, Ni2+, Fe3+, and Rh3+) had a dominant effect on the fluorescence of NCs. Based on the detected quenching processes, the limit of detection of the metal ions was determined. Static quenching (formation of a non-luminescent complex) was observed in all cases by temperature-dependent measurements. The calculated thermodynamic parameters showed that the interactions are spontaneous ranked in the following order of strength: Cu2+ > Fe3+ > Rh3+ > Ni2+. Based on the sign and relations of the standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and entropy changes (ΔS°), the dominant forces were also identified.

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38

Das, Nirmal Kumar, Subhadip Ghosh, Amulya Priya, Sunando Datta, and Saptarshi Mukherjee. "Luminescent Copper Nanoclusters as a Specific Cell-Imaging Probe and a Selective Metal Ion Sensor." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 119, no. 43 (October 14, 2015): 24657–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b08123.

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39

Bendicho, Carlos, Isela Lavilla, Francisco Pena-Pereira, Inmaculada de la Calle, and Vanesa Romero. "Paper-Based Analytical Devices for Colorimetric and Luminescent Detection of Mercury in Waters: An Overview." Sensors 21, no. 22 (November 14, 2021): 7571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21227571.

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Lab-on-paper technologies, also known as paper-based analytical devices (PADs), have received increasing attention in the last years, and nowadays, their use has spread to virtually every application area, i.e., medical diagnostic, food safety, environmental monitoring, etc. Advantages inherent to on-field detection, which include avoiding sampling, sample preparation and conventional instrumentation in central labs, are undoubtedly driving many developments in this area. Heavy metals represent an important group of environmental pollutants that require strict controls due to the threat they pose to ecosystems and human health. In this overview, the development of PADs for Hg monitoring, which is considered the most toxic metal in the environment, is addressed. The main emphasis is placed on recognition elements (i.e., organic chromophores/fluorophores, plasmonic nanoparticles, inorganic quantum dots, carbon quantum dots, metal nanoclusters, etc.) employed to provide suitable selectivity and sensitivity. The performance of both microfluidic paper-based analytical devices and paper-based sensors using signal readout by colorimetry and luminescence will be discussed.

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Saleh, Sayed M., Wael A. El-Sayed, May A. El-Manawaty, Malek Gassoumi, and Reham Ali. "An Eco-Friendly Synthetic Approach for Copper Nanoclusters and Their Potential in Lead Ions Sensing and Biological Applications." Biosensors 12, no. 4 (March 26, 2022): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12040197.

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A new preparation route for high-luminescent blue-emission pepsin copper nanoclusters (Pep-CuNCs) is introduced in this work. The synthesized nanoclusters are based on a pepsin molecule, which is a stomach enzyme that works to digest proteins that exist in undigested food. Here, we have developed an eco-friendly technique through microwave-assisted fast synthesis. The resulting copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) exhibit significant selectivity towards Pb(II) ions. The pepsin molecule was utilized as a stabilizer and reducing agent in the production procedure of Pep-CuNCs. The characteristics of the resulting Pep-CuNCs were studied in terms of size, surface modification, and composition using various sophisticated techniques. The CuNCs responded to Pb(II) ions through the fluorescence quenching mechanism of the CuNCs’ fluorescence. Thus, great selectivity of Pep-CuNCs towards Pb(II) ions was observed, allowing sensitive determination of this metal ion at lab-scale and in the environment. The CuNCs have detection limits for Pb(II) in very tenuous concentration at a nanomalar scale (11.54 nM). The resulting Pep-CuNCs were utilized significantly to detect Pb(II) ions in environmental samples. Additionally, the activity of Pep-CuNCs on different human tumor cell lines was investigated. The data for the observed behavior indicate that the Pep-CuNCs displayed their activity against cancer cells in a dose dependent manner against most utilized cancer cell lines.

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Tahir, Fernando Lazaro Freire Jr, Ricardo Q. Aucelio, Marco Cremona, Juliana da S. Padilha, Giancarlo Margheri, Quaid Zaman, et al. "Quenching of the Photoluminescence of Gold Nanoclusters Synthesized by Pulsed Laser Ablation in Water upon Interaction with Toxic Metal Species in Aqueous Solution." Chemosensors 11, no. 2 (February 5, 2023): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11020118.

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Sensors for the detection of heavy metal ions in water are in high demand due to the danger they pose to both the environment and human health. Among their possible detection approaches, modulation of the photoluminescence of gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) is gaining wide interest as an alternative to classical analytical methods based on complex and high-cost instrumentation. In the present work, luminescent oxidized AuNCs emitting in both ultraviolet (UV) and visible (blue) regions were synthesized by pulsed laser ablation of a gold target in NaOH aqueous solution, followed by different bleaching processes. High-resolution electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray scattering confirmed the presence of oxygen and gold in the transparent photoluminescent clusters, with an average diameter of about 3 nm. The potentialities of the bleached AuNCs colloidal dispersions for the detection of heavy metal ions were studied by evaluating the variation in photoluminescence in the presence of Cd2+, Pb2+, Hg2+ and CH3Hg+ ions. Different responses were observed in the UV and visible (blue) spectral regions. The intensity of blue emission decreased (no more than 10%) and saturated at concentrations higher than 20 ppb for all the heavy metal ions tested. In contrast, the UV band emission was remarkably affected in the presence of Hg2+ ions, thus leading to signal variations for concentrations well beyond 20 ppb (the concentration at which saturation occurs for other ions). The limit of detection for Hg2+ is about 3 ppb (15 nmol/L), and the photoluminescence intensity diminishes linearly by about 75% up to 600 ppb. The results are interpreted based on the ligand-free interaction, i.e., the metallophilic bonding formation of Hg2+ and Au+ oxide present on the surface of the UV-emitting nanoclusters.

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Liu, Xiangkai, Chunhui Li, Zhi Wang, Na Zhang, Ning Feng, Wenjuan Wang, and Xia Xin. "Luminescent Hydrogel Based on Silver Nanocluster/Malic Acid and Its Composite Film for Highly Sensitive Detection of Fe3+." Gels 7, no. 4 (October 31, 2021): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels7040192.

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Metal nanoclusters (NCs) with excellent photoluminescence properties are an emerging functional material that have rich physical and chemical properties and broad application prospects. However, it is a challenging problem to construct such materials into complex ordered aggregates and cause aggregation-induced emission (AIE). In this article, we use the supramolecular self-assembly strategy to regulate a water-soluble, atomically precise Ag NCs (NH4)9[Ag9(C7H4SO2)9] (Ag9-NCs, [Ag9(mba)9], H2mba = 2-mercaptobenzoic acid) and L-malic acid (L–MA) to form a phosphorescent hydrogel with stable and bright luminescence, which is ascribed to AIE phenomenon. In this process, the AIE of Ag9-NCs could be attributed to the non-covalent interactions between L–MA and Ag9-NCs, which restrict the intramolecular vibration and rotation of ligands on the periphery of Ag9-NCs, thus inhibiting the ligand-related, non-radiative excited state relaxation and promoting radiation energy transfer. In addition, the fluorescent Ag9-NCs/L–MA xerogel was introduced into polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) to form an excellently fluorescent film for sensing of Fe3+. Ag9-NCs/L–MA/PMMA film exhibits an excellent ability to recognize Fe3+ ion with high selectivity and a low detection limit of 0.3 μM. This research enriches self-assembly system for enhancing the AIE of metal NCs, and the prepared hybrid films will become good candidates for optical materials.

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Huang, Hsiu-Ying, Kun-Bin Cai, Po-Wen Chen, Cheng-An J. Lin, Sheng-Hsiung Chang, and Chi-Tsu Yuan. "Engineering Ligand–Metal Charge Transfer States in Cross-Linked Gold Nanoclusters for Greener Luminescent Solar Concentrators with Solid-State Quantum Yields Exceeding 50% and Low Reabsorption Losses." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 122, no. 34 (August 6, 2018): 20019–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b06212.

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Asano, Natsuko, Jinfeng Lu, Shunsuke Asahina, and Seiichi Takami. "Direct Observation Techniques Using Scanning Electron Microscope for Hydrothermally Synthesized Nanocrystals and Nanoclusters." Nanomaterials 11, no. 4 (April 2, 2021): 908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11040908.

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Metal oxide nanocrystals have garnered significant attention owing to their unique properties, including luminescence, ferroelectricity, and catalytic activity. Among the various synthetic methods, hydrothermal synthesis is a promising method for synthesizing metal oxide nanocrystals and nanoclusters. Because the shape and surface structure of the nanocrystals largely affect their properties, their analytical methods should be developed. Further, the arrangement of nanocrystals should be studied because the properties of nanoclusters largely depend on the arrangement of the primary nanocrystals. However, the analysis of nanocrystals and nanoclusters remains difficult because of their sizes. Conventionally, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is widely used to study materials in nanoscale. However, TEM images are obtained as the projection of three-dimensional structures, and it is difficult to observe the surface structures and the arrangement of nanocrystals using TEM. On the other hand, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) relies on the signals from the surface of the samples. Therefore, SEM can visualize the surface structures of samples. Previously, the spatial resolution of SEM was not enough to observe nanoparticles and nanomaterials with sizes of between 10 and 50 nm. However, recent developments, including the low-landing electron-energy method, improved the spatial resolution of SEM, which allows us to observe fine details of the nanocluster surface directory. Additionally, improved detectors allow us to visualize the elemental mapping of materials even at low voltage with high solid angle. Further, the use of a liquid sample holder even enabled the observation of nanocrystals in water. In this paper, we discuss the development of SEM and related observation technologies through the observation of hydrothermally prepared nanocrystals and nanoclusters.

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Lei, Zhen, Xian-Kai Wan, Shang-Fu Yuan, Jia-Qi Wang, and Quan-Ming Wang. "Alkynyl-protected gold and gold–silver nanoclusters." Dalton Transactions 46, no. 11 (2017): 3427–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6dt04763g.

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Song, Xiao-Rong, Nirmal Goswami, Huang-Hao Yang, and Jianping Xie. "Functionalization of metal nanoclusters for biomedical applications." Analyst 141, no. 11 (2016): 3126–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6an00773b.

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Metal nanoclusters (NCs) are emerging as a new class of functional nanomaterials in the area of biological sensing, labelling, imaging and therapy due to their unique physical and chemical properties, such as ultrasmall size, HOMO–LUMO transition, strong luminescence together with good photostability and biocompatibility.

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Yang, Xiaoping, Shiqing Wang, Yali Zhang, Guang Liang, Ting Zhu, Lijie Zhang, Shaoming Huang, Desmond Schipper, and Richard A. Jones. "A self-assembling luminescent lanthanide molecular nanoparticle with potential for live cell imaging." Chemical Science 9, no. 20 (2018): 4630–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sc00650d.

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Kang, Xi, Xiaowu Li, Haizhu Yu, Ying Lv, Guodong Sun, Yangfeng Li, Shuxin Wang, and Manzhou Zhu. "Modulating photo-luminescence of Au2Cu6 nanoclusters via ligand-engineering." RSC Advances 7, no. 46 (2017): 28606–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra04743f.

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Chen, Hongfen, Xiaoping Yang, Dongmei Jiang, Desmond Schipper, and Richard A. Jones. "NIR luminescence for the detection of metal ions and nitro explosives based on a grape-like nine-nuclear Nd(iii) nanocluster." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 6, no. 2 (2019): 550–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8qi01166d.

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A Nd(iii) nanocluster with long Schiff base ligand shows interesting NIR luminescent sensing of both metal cations and nitro explosives, and exhibits high sensitivity to Cd²⁺, Zn²⁺, Cu²⁺, Co²⁺ ions and explosive HMX at the ppm level.

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Burratti, Luca, Eleonora Bolli, Mauro Casalboni, Fabio de Matteis, Federico Mochi, Roberto Francini, Stefano Casciardi, and Paolo Prosposito. "Synthesis of Fluorescent Ag Nanoclusters for Sensing and Imaging Applications." Materials Science Forum 941 (December 2018): 2243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.941.2243.

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Metal nanoparticles have attracted more and more attention in the last years due to their unique chemical and physical properties which are very different from the metal bulk material. In particular, when the size of nanoparticles decreases below two nm, nanoparticles can be described as nanoclusters (NCs), and they present peculiar optical properties. The excited electrons in addition to specific absorption bands show also a bright luminescence related to the quantum size effect which produce discrete energy levels. Optical properties (absorption and fluorescence) of these NCs are widely used in many different applications in science and engineering, such as chemical sensors, fluorescent probes for bio imaging or in environmental issues. In the present study, we report on the synthesis of silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) in aqueous phase using silver nitrate as precursor salt and L-Glutathione (GSH) as stabilizer. AgNCs were characterized using absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The strong absorption and luminescence shown by these NCs are very promising for a possible exploitation both as label for bioimaging and for optical sensors for heavy metal ions.

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