Journal articles on the topic 'Luminance uniformity'

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1

Xu, Xiu Zhi, Yong Mao Feng, Shu Fan Wang, and Ping Juan Niu. "Study on Luminance Uniformity Correction for the LED Flat Panel Display." Advanced Materials Research 301-303 (July 2011): 298–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.301-303.298.

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Non-uniformity of luminance for big screen of LED flat panel display is one of problems affecting its display qualities, but existing widely. This paper analyzes the influences of luminance non-uniformity on LED display images, gives a plan on luminance uniformity correction based on CCD, and then proceeds correction algorithm of correction technology, at last conducts luminance non-uniformity correction for LED flat panel display from brightness datum of CCD image processing, which gives results and analysis before and after correcting.
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Bhattacharya, Sourin, Suddhasatwa Chakraborty, and Susanta Ray. "An Approach To Comparative Simulation Of Road Lighting and Estimation Of Associated Quality Parameters." Light & Engineering, no. 01-2021 (February 2021): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33383/2020-058.

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A software-based comparative simulation work was conducted about the luminance-based method of road lighting design with MATLAB and DIALux, giving due consideration to the design standards laid down in CIE140:2019 technical report. The outputs were obtained for a specified set of road lighting conditions in terms of luminaire mounting height, road width, spacing of lighting poles, overhang, and maintenance factor for four different CIE standard road surfaces R1, R2, R3, and R4, six different observer positions and three types of luminai rearrangements. MATLAB and DIALux outputs were quantified by three quality parameters, namely: average luminance, overall uniformity and longitudinal uniformity of luminance, and the linear correlation between the two was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.00001). DIALux, as a graphical lighting design tool, was found to be more convenient than the algorithm-reliant MATLAB programming approach for general road lighting simulation. However, MATLAB programming approachcould facilitate experimental road lighting simulation, and the developed MATLAB program could be used as a flexible tool to simulate road lighting with experimental luminaire distribution curve of luminous intensity (I) and road surface reduced luminance coefficient (r) tables. Further developments upon it could potentially integrate provisions for luminaires with custom tilt and curved road surfaces.
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Zou, Feng, and Shan Chen. "Problems about the Evaluating System of the Pixel Luminance Uniformity of LED Display Using a Digital Camera." Applied Mechanics and Materials 103 (September 2011): 361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.103.361.

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Digital Camera is widely used in the evaluating system of the pixel luminance uniformity of LED display. The evaluating system of the pixel luminance uniformity of LED display using a Digital Camera (DC) has many benefits, but the measuring accuracy is unsatisfied. In the paper the contributing factors are entered into details.
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Kawashima, Y., T. Nagai, and Y. Yamauchi. "Uniformity perception for stimulus with luminance gradient." Journal of Vision 14, no. 15 (December 29, 2014): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/14.15.66.

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Jeong, Kyeong Ah, Chanyang You, and Hyeon‐Jeong Suk. "Preference for luminance uniformity of refrigerator lighting." Color Research & Application 46, no. 1 (September 17, 2020): 146–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/col.22571.

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Yoomak, Suntiti, and Atthapol Ngaopitakkul. "The Study of Lighting Quality of LED and HPS Luminaires Based on Various Road Surface Properties." E3S Web of Conferences 72 (2018): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20187201005.

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This paper presents analysis of lighting quality in different road surface conditions using the DIALux software. Dry and wet road surfaces are used to study lighting quality by following classifications of the International Commission on Illumination (CIE). Lighting quality of high pressure sodium (HPS) and light emitting diode (LED) luminaires are compared, based on roadway with a traffic island. Results indicate that the HPS luminaire can provide better average illuminance and average luminance values than the LED luminaire, resulting in positive visual performance. However, the LED luminaire can achieve visual and comfort performance including energy saving due to its light distribution efficiency. For lighting quality on different road surface conditions, the lighter dry road surface materials, the higher lighting quality. Wet road surfaces cause very bright areas on road surface alternating with large dark areas. It results in the average luminance of the surface increased while overall uniformity decreased.
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Liao, Hsing-Yuan, Sheng-Yen Chen, Hien-Thanh Le, Wei-Lun Gao, Fu-Chun Chang, Chan-Chuan Wen, Yi-Chin Fang, Chao-Hsien Chen, Shun-Hsyung Chang, and Hsiao-Yi Lee. "Design and Prototyping of Efficient LED Counter Beam Light with Free-Formed Surface for Meeting International Tunnel Lighting Standards." Energies 14, no. 2 (January 18, 2021): 488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020488.

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An LED Counter Beam Light (CBL) with a free surface secondary lens is proposed to enhance the safety and efficiency of tunnels. The secondary lens was designed and produced to be mounted on a 50 W white-light LED array to generate the targeted counter beam pattern, in order to meet the standards for enhanced tunnel road lighting of the CIE (Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage)—CIE 88:2004—in a trial tunnel lighting scheme. Through the simulation of a road tunnel in Northern Taiwan using the LiteStar four-dimensional software, it was shown that the proposed LED light can serve as a qualifying CBL to generate an average road tunnel surface luminance (Lav) of 182.76 cd/m2, which is better than the 138 cd/m2 that commercial High-Pressure Sodium (HPS) tunnel lights can provide and the 181 cd/m2 minimum stipulated in the CIE 88:2004 regulations. The results also show that the proposed LED light accomplishes a contrast revealing coefficient qc of 1.03, which is above the minimum regulatory level of 0.6 for a qualified CBL, as well as a luminance uniformity Uo of 0.89 (regulatory minimum, 0.4), longitudinal luminance uniformity UL of 0.99 (regulatory minimum, 0.6), and glare factor TI (threshold increment) of 7.24% (regulatory minimum, 15%). In order to test the feasibility of the LED CBL for future commercialization, the proposed LED CBL was prototyped and measured; the results demonstrate that an average road surface luminance (Lav) of 184.5 cd/m2, intensity of the luminance uniformity Uo of 0.7, intensity of the longitudinal luminance uniformity UL of 0.94, glare factor of 7.04%, and contrast revealing coefficient qc of 1.38 can be achieved, which are all above the levels required by the CIE 88:2004 regulations.
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Wang, Hengjie, Rui Fan, Chunlai Sun, Xiaoning Zhang, Taijun Hwang, and Limin Wang. "19.2: OLED Lifetime Improvement Based on Optimization of Luminance Compensation Considering Luminance Uniformity." SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 49 (April 2018): 202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sdtp.12681.

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Chen, Yen Lung, Zhi Ting Ye, Wei Lai, Chang Che Chiu, Kuo Wei Lin, and Pin Han. "Application of Mini-LEDs with Microlens Arrays and Quantum Dot Film as Extra-Thin, Large-Area, and High-Luminance Backlight." Nanomaterials 12, no. 6 (March 21, 2022): 1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12061032.

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The demand for extra-thin, large-area, and high-luminance flat-panel displays continues to grow, especially for portable displays such as gaming laptops and automotive displays. In this paper, we propose a design that includes a light guide layer with a microstructure above the mini-light-emitting diode light board. The light control microstructure of concave parabel-surface microlens arrays on a light-emitting surface increases the likelihood of total internal reflection occurring and improved the uniformity merit function. We used a 17 in prototype with quantum-dot and optical films to conduct our experiments, which revealed that the thickness of the module was only 1.98 mm. When the input power was 28.34 watts, the uniformity, average luminance, and CIE 1931 color space NTSC of the prototype reached 85%, 17,574 cd/m2, and 105.37%, respectively. This module provided a flat light source that was extra thin and had high luminance and uniformity.
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Pfeiffer, P., X. D. Zhang, D. Stümmler, S. Sanders, M. Weingarten, M. Heuken, A. Vescan, and H. Kalisch. "Backside Contacting for Uniform Luminance in Large-Area OLED." MRS Advances 2, no. 42 (2017): 2275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.175.

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ABSTRACTWe have investigated organic light emitting diode (OLED) backside contacting for the enhancement of luminance uniformity as a superior alternative to gridlines. In this approach, the low-conductivity OLED anode is supported by a high-conductivity auxiliary electrode and vertically contacted through via holes. Electrical simulations of large-area OLEDs have predicted that this method allows comparable luminance uniformity while sacrificing significantly less active area compared to the common gridline approach.The method for fabricating backside contacts is comprised of five steps: (1) Thin-film encapsulation of the OLED, (2) Patterning of the OLED surface with lithography (resist mask defining via hole positions), (3) Via hole formation to the bottom anode by a plasma etching process, (4) Organic residues removal and sidewall insulation. (5) Contacting of the anode with a high-conductivity auxiliary electrode.Backside-contacted OLEDs processed by organic vapor phase deposition show high luminance uniformity. Scanning electron microscopy pictures and electrical breakthrough measurements confirm efficient sidewall insulation.
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Tao Qi, 陶奇, 徐海松 Xu Haisong, 邹文海 Zou Wenhai, and 余培英 Yu Peiying. "Robust Correction Method for Projection Display Luminance Uniformity." Acta Optica Sinica 29, no. 4 (2009): 918–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/aos20092904.0918.

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Ngai, Peter Y. "The Relationship between Luminance Uniformity and Brightness Perception." Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society 29, no. 1 (January 2000): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00994480.2000.10748480.

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Wang, Xiaolu, Hang Fan, Hongqin Ma, Shaosen Liang, Kunyang Li, Haiyu Chen, Yangui Zhou, Jiahui Wang, and Jianying Zhou. "Quantitative evaluation for luminance uniformity in 3D displays." Optik 127, no. 15 (August 2016): 5792–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2016.04.003.

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Vinod Karar, Vinod Karar, and Smarajit Ghosh Smarajit Ghosh. "Estimation of tunneling effect caused by luminance non-uniformity in head-up displays." Chinese Optics Letters 12, no. 1 (2014): 013301–13306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201412.013301.

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15

Hallum, Luke E., and Shaun L. Cloherty. "Liquid-Crystal Display (LCD) of achromatic, mean-modulated flicker in clinical assessment and experimental studies of visual systems." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 24, 2021): e0248180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248180.

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Achromatic, mean-modulated flicker—wherein luminance increments and decrements of equal magnitude are applied, over time, to a test field—is commonly used in both clinical assessment of vision and experimental studies of visual systems. However, presenting flicker on computer-controlled displays is problematic; displays typically introduce luminance artifacts at high flicker frequency or contrast, potentially interfering with the validity of findings. Here, we present a battery of tests used to weigh the relative merits of two displays for presenting achromatic, mean-modulated flicker. These tests revealed marked differences between a new high-performance liquid-crystal display (LCD; EIZO ColorEdge CG247X) and a new consumer-grade LCD (Dell U2415b), despite displays’ vendor-supplied specifications being almost identical. We measured displayed luminance using a spot meter and a linearized photodiode. We derived several measures, including spatial uniformity, the effect of viewing angle, response times, Fourier amplitude spectra, and cycle-averaged luminance. We presented paired luminance pulses to quantify the displays’ nonlinear dynamics. The CG247X showed relatively good spatial uniformity (e.g., at moderate luminance, standard deviation 2.8% versus U2415b’s 5.3%). Fourier transformation of nominally static test patches revealed spectra free of artifacts, with the exception of a frame response. The CG247X’s rise and fall times depended on both the luminance from which, and to which, it responded, as is to be generally expected from LCDs. Despite this nonlinear behaviour, we were able to define a contrast and frequency range wherein the CG247X appeared largely artifact-free; the relationship between nominal luminance and displayed luminance was accurately modelled using a causal, linear time-invariant system. This range included contrasts up to 80%, and flicker frequencies up to 30 Hz. This battery of tests should prove useful to others conducting clinical assessment of vision and experimental studies of visual systems.
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Masakura, Yuko, Tohru Tamura, Kunihiko Nagamine, and Satoshi Tomioka. "Subjective Evaluation for Luminance Non-uniformity of LED Backlight." Journal of The Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers 63, no. 10 (2009): 1423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3169/itej.63.1423.

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Ou, Peng, Gang Yang, Quan Jiang, Jun-sheng Yu, Qi-peng Wu, Fu-hai Shang, Wei Yin, Jun Wang, Jian Zhong, and Kai-jun Luo. "Luminance uniformity compensation for OLED panels based on FPGA." Optoelectronics Letters 5, no. 5 (September 2009): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11801-009-9096-5.

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Yang, Y., M. Ronnier Luo, and SN Ma. "Assessing glare. Part 2: Modifying Unified Glare Rating for uniform and non-uniform LED luminaires." Lighting Research & Technology 49, no. 6 (April 5, 2016): 727–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153516642622.

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This paper proposes a new glare model for assessing discomfort glare caused by LED luminaires having different luminance uniformities. It has been derived from the glare rating data for different groups of LED luminaires representing different degrees of luminance uniformity. In total, 5040 glare ratings were collected. Unified Glare Rating was tested using these data. It was found that Unified Glare Rating under-estimates the glare perception produced by non-uniform luminance glare sources. Furthermore, two modified Unified Glare Rating models proposed by Tashiro et al. and by the present authors were tested. They both performed well when predicting the results for LED luminaires having different luminance uniformities.
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Pan, C. T., Y. C. Chen, Y. J. Chen, W. C. Wang, H. C. Yang, and H. C. Wu. "Compound Optical Film Using Gray Scale Mask Embedded with Microvoids." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/942018.

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This study presents a compound optical film to improve luminance and uniformity to apply in side-LED (light-emitting diode) backlight module. LIGA (lithographie galvanoformung abformung) technology, soft lithography, and homemade gray scale mask were combined to fabricate microlens array. Optical film with variable size microlens array embedded with microvoids was designed and manufactured. FRED software was used to simulate optical performance. Microvoids were quantitatively embedded in the PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) optical film. Under the quantitative control of air pressure, those microvoids inside the optical film can cause light diffusion. The compound optical film with embedded microvoids, multiaspect ratio, and variable size microlens array can be fabricated quickly without substrate. Luminance colorimeter BM-7A from TOPCON was used to carry out the optical measurement. According to the measured data, the compound optical film with embedded microvoids can enhance the luminance up to 5% and the uniformity up to 6.5% ~ 8.4%. The optical efficiency can be improved via the compound optical film.
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Yang, Y., MR Luo, and WJ Huang. "Assessing glare, Part 4: Generic models predicting discomfort glare of light-emitting diodes." Lighting Research & Technology 50, no. 5 (March 16, 2017): 739–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153516684375.

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Two generic models to predict the influence of the luminance uniformity and spectral power distribution of light-emitting diode luminaires on discomfort glare were developed. One model was an extension of the empirical Unified Glare Rating, the other was based on a colour appearance model for unrelated colours. A new experiment was carried out to verify the performance of the generic models. There were twelve glare sources, having three types of luminance uniformity and four spectral power distributions. The results showed both generic models outperformed Unified Glare Rating but gave similar performance to each other. The generic model based on the colour appearance model bridges the gap between glare perception and human vision theory.
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G Varghese, Susan, Ciji Pearl Kurian, V. I. George, and T. S. Sudheer Kumar. "Control and evaluation of room interior lighting using digital camera as the sensor." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.21 (April 20, 2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.21.11844.

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This paper reports the results of measurements performed in a test room to test how digital camera can be used as luminance meter and thus to investigate the lighting control scheme based on the inputs coming from camera. An indoor lighting control scheme which adapts according to the daylight availability is presented in this work. The camera calibration procedure based on High Dynamic Range Imaging technique is used to obtain the camera response function which allows to relate pixel values obtained from the image and the photopic luminance values. Luminance gradient evaluation for the uniformity analysis is discussed for the test room.
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Shi, Lingna, Yun Tu, Xiaoyu Wang, Shiyong He, Pramod Bhusal, Zeyu Hou, and Chaoyu Zhang. "On-Demand Tunnel Lighting System Utilizing Daylight: A Case Study." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 20, 2023): 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032013.

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Owing to the special tubular structural characteristics of highway tunnels, drivers typically experience a significant change in visual luminance when entering tunnels, which seriously impacts driving safety. This paper proposes a lighting scheme based on optical fiber technology to introduce natural light into the tunnel portal section. First, an on-demand lighting scheme based on the use of daylight is designed by developing an optical fiber lighting system, lighting demand algorithm, and an on-demand lighting control scheme. Furthermore, the scheme is applied to a physical tunnel, and the safety and energy-saving potential of the scheme are analyzed based on the obtained data. The results indicate that the average luminance and luminance uniformity in the tunnel portal section appear to improve with the application of the proposed scheme; the luminance uniformity is particularly increased by 0.18. The correlative color temperature (CCT) of the environment inside the cave changes in real time with the CCT value of the phase pair outside the cave. Compared with the explicit use of electrical lighting, the lighting energy consumption during daytime can be reduced by 34.7% with the application of the proposed scheme, and the highest reduction of 79.8% can be achieved at 13:00.
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Chen, Y. C., C. T. Pan, H. C. Wu, Y. J. Chen, and H. C. Yang. "Compound Optical Film Using Gray Scale Mask Embedded with Micro-Voids." Applied Mechanics and Materials 479-480 (December 2013): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.479-480.155.

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This study presents a compound optical film to improve luminance and uniformity to apply in side-LED (Light-emitting diode) backlight module. LIGA (Lithographie GalVanoformung Abformung) technology, soft lithography and homemade gray scale mask were combined to fabricate micro-lens array. Optical film with variable size micro-lens array embedded with micro-voids was designed and manufactured. FRED software was used to simulate optical performance. Micro-voids were quantitatively embedded in the PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) optical film. Under the quantitative control of air pressure, those micro-voids inside the optical film can cause light diffusion. The compound optical film with embedded micro-voids, multi aspect ratio and variable size micro-lens array can be fabricated quickly without substrate. Luminance Colorimeter BM-7A from TOPCON was used to carry out the optical measurement. According to the measured data, the compound optical film with embedded micro-voids can enhance the luminance up to 5% and the uniformity up to 6.5% ~ 8.4%. The optical efficiency can be improved via the compound optical film.
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Salmimaa, Marja, and Toni Järvenpää. "3-D crosstalk and luminance uniformity from angular luminance profiles of multiview autostereoscopic 3-D displays." Journal of the Society for Information Display 16, no. 10 (2008): 1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1889/jsid16.10.1033.

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GUI Jin-zheng, 桂劲征, 陈宇 CHEN Yu, 苗静 MIAO Jing, and 丁柏秀 DING Bai-xiu. "Luminance Uniformity Evaluation for LED Display Panel Based on HVS." Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays 27, no. 5 (2012): 658–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/yjyxs20122705.0658.

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YAMAMOTO, Tatsuya, Nozomu YOSHIZAWA, Naoyuki SUZUKI, and Etsuko MOCHIZUKI. "LUMINANCE-BASED EVALUATION INDEX FOR NON-UNIFORMITY OF LIGHTING ENVIRONMENT." Journal of Environmental Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 86, no. 783 (May 30, 2021): 486–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aije.86.486.

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Morimoto, Yuichi, Yuji Takagi, and Toshio Asano. "Luminance Uniformity Evaluation of Electronic Displays Based on Visual Characteristics." IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 131, no. 2 (2011): 411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.131.411.

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Sim, Min-Su, Young-Tae Kim, Seong-En Lee, Chang-Mo Yang, and Choon-Woo Kim. "Display uniformity correction range for luminance and color gamut enhancement." Journal of Korean Society for Imaging Science and Technology 23, no. 4 (December 31, 2017): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14226/ksist.2017.23.04.11.

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Chraibi, Sanae, Lisan Crommentuijn, Evert van Loenen, and Alexander Rosemann. "Influence of wall luminance and uniformity on preferred task illuminance." Building and Environment 117 (May 2017): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.02.026.

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Song, Yanqin, Hui Zhu, Xiaoyu Gao, and Xiuqi Huang. "P-178: A Novel Capacitance Compensating Method for Luminance Uniformity." SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 48, no. 1 (May 2017): 1944–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sdtp.12013.

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Yang, Zhiyong, En-Lin Hsiang, Yizhou Qian, and Shin-Tson Wu. "Performance Comparison between Mini-LED Backlit LCD and OLED Display for 15.6-Inch Notebook Computers." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (January 25, 2022): 1239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031239.

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We evaluated and compared the performance of a 15.6-inch mini-LED backlit LCD (mLCD) with a commercial OLED (organic light-emitting diode) panel. Both displays exhibited outstanding properties, but the mLCD had advantages in peak brightness, gamma curve, luminance uniformity at low gray scales, color volume, power consumption, and ambient contrast ratio. In comparison with previous measurement methods, our color measurement adopted the reference method recently recommended by the International Committee for Display Metrology (ICDM). The LMK imaging photometer with a high-resolution CMOS sensor was employed to characterize the halo effect and reconstruct the real luminance profiles based on the non-ideal luminance profile of the OLED display. We also proposed a novel strategy to measure the point spread function of the backlight module.
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SONG Yue, 宋. 悦., 林志贤 LIN Zhi-xian, 姚剑敏 YAO Jian-min, and 郭太良 GUO Tai-liang. "Luminance uniformity evaluation for backlight based on ε-support vector regression." Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays 30, no. 5 (2015): 857–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/yjyxs20153005.0857.

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Park, Jongwoon, Jongho Lee, Dongchan Shin, and Seounghwan Park. "Luminance Uniformity of Large-Area OLEDs With an Auxiliary Metal Electrode." Journal of Display Technology 5, no. 8 (August 2009): 306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jdt.2009.2018130.

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Güler, Ö., and S. Onaygil. "The effect of luminance uniformity on visibility level in road lighting." Lighting Research & Technology 35, no. 3 (September 2003): 199–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/1365782803li074oa.

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Mazikowski, A. "Analysis of luminance distribution uniformity in CAVE-type virtual reality systems." Opto-Electronics Review 26, no. 2 (May 2018): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.opelre.2018.02.005.

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Jung, Il-Yong, and Woo-Sang Park. "LCD Backlighting Systems with a High Luminance and a Good Uniformity." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 367, no. 1 (August 2001): 865–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10587250108028709.

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Teng, Tun-Chien, Wen-Shing Sun, and Jhih-Li Lin. "Designing an LED luminaire with balance between uniformity of luminance and illuminance for non-Lambertian road surfaces." Applied Optics 56, no. 10 (March 22, 2017): 2604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.56.002604.

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Perdahci, Canan, and Yahya Sogodok. "Comparative Study of Solar Optical Fibre and Electrical Light for Daylighting in Tunnel Threshold Zone." Light & Engineering, no. 06-2021 (December 2021): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.33383/2021-080.

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In recent years, there has been a considerable increase in traffic accidents in the tunnel region, especially around the threshold and exit zones, due to the inappropriate lighting system of these zones; leading to the loss of humans properties and lives. Therefore, lighting designers strive to improve the illumination issues of the threshold and exit zones which bring about “black hole” and “white hole” effects, respectively. Several solutions are proposed: solar optical fibre lighting system as a natural lighting system and LED, fluorescent lighting system as the artificial lighting system. This paper aims to compare the natural and artificial lighting system to show which lighting system is better and the best solution to solve these issues. The previous study in the Huashuyan tunnel in China, where natural light, solar optical fibre was used to illuminate the threshold zone, is simulated in LITSTAR4D software using a customized HCL-TN LED luminaire of LITPA Сompany. The simulation result is compared with the previous result obtained when the solar optical fibre is used. The simulation outcome gave a satisfying result with an average luminance of 91.15 cd/m2, which is higher than the average luminance required by the threshold zone. However, it is less when compared to the average luminance of 181.31 cd/m2 produced by the solar optical fibre system. The overall uniformity of 0.42 is above the requirements in the CIE88:2004 standards.
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WANG Yu-qing, 王宇庆, 刘维亚 LIU Wei-ya, 丁铁夫 DING Tie-fu, 郑喜凤 ZHENG Xi-feng, 王瑞光 WANG Rui-guang, 徐秀知 XU Xiu-zhi, 陈宇 CHEN Yu, and 汪洋 WANG Yang. "Assessment method for luminance uniformity of LED display based on CCD image." Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays 29, no. 1 (2014): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/yjyxs20142901.0137.

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Bae, Hyeong Woo, Young Hoon Son, Byoung Yeop Kang, Jung Min Lee, Hyoungsik Nam, and Jang Hyuk Kwon. "Luminance uniformity study of OLED lighting panels depending on OLED device structures." Optics Express 23, no. 24 (November 16, 2015): 30701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.23.030701.

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Gallimore, J. J., W. W. Farley, and H. L. Snyder. "Effects of spatial luminance nonuniformities on visual-task performance and subjective uniformity." Displays 12, no. 3-4 (July 1991): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-9382(91)90035-c.

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Idé, Tsuyoshi, Hidetoshi Numata, Yoichi Taira, Hideyuki Mizuta, Masaru Suzuki, Michikazu Noguchi, and Yoshihiro Katsu. "A novel dot-pattern generation to improve luminance uniformity of LCD backlight." Journal of the Society for Information Display 11, no. 4 (2003): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1889/1.1825693.

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Lee, X.-H., J.-T. Yang, J.-H. Chang, W.-T. Chien, Y.-C. Lo, C.-C. Lin, and C.-C. Sun. "An LED-based luminaire for badminton court illumination." Lighting Research & Technology 49, no. 3 (November 3, 2015): 396–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153515610800.

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In this paper, the design of a luminaire for badminton court illumination is demonstrated from concept through computer simulation, construction trials, on-site installation, comparison with simulations and, finally, evaluations of the illuminated environment before and after the installation of the luminaires. The luminaire is composed of two high-performance light-emitting diode lighting modules, volume scattering diffusers with a one-shot transmittance higher than 70% and a reflecting cavity with a reflectivity higher than 85%. The luminaire has three different exit faces forming three Lambertian-like light sources with low luminance so as to reduce glare to the players when looking at the flight of the shuttlecock. Under similar total electric power consumption, compared to the original traditional lighting, the average illuminance on the ground is enhanced by about 300% and the uniformity is obviously improved. A questionnaire was issued to players before and after the installation of the new light-emitting diode luminaires. The new installation gained much more positive responses for brightness, comfort and number of usable courts from the players than the old installation.
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Lo, VWL, and KA Steemers. "Methods for assessing the effects of spatial luminance patterns on perceived qualities of concert lighting." Lighting Research & Technology 52, no. 1 (April 8, 2019): 106–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153519841098.

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This paper presents experimental approaches for evaluating concert lighting from the viewpoints of audience members and performers in Cambridge King's College Chapel. We develop image zoning and abstraction techniques to quantify and interpret photometric data acquired under four different electric lighting conditions. Assessed by 78 participants, these lighting scenarios are compared across six different viewing positions using a set of structured questionnaires. Ordered logistic regression modelling shows that the ratios and functions describing uniformity, brightness and light patterns are common explanatory variables for predicting perceived visual clarity, visual uniformity, brightness and spatial intimacy. Uniformity-related attributes are observed to be among the strongest variables for all these perceived qualities, except for visual clarity, which is better explained by acuity-related measures. These experimental results confirm the applicability of our approaches, highlighting the importance of combining multiple methods and integrating complex architectural situations into the process of understanding luminous appearance.
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Preciado, O. U., A. Décima, and J. B. Barraza. "PHOTOMETRIC CHARACTERIZATION OF A COMMERCIAL DSLR CAMERA FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AN IMAGING LUMINANCE METER." Anales AFA 31, no. 4 (January 15, 2021): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31527/analesafa.2020.31.4.143.

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In this paper we describe the procedure followed in the photometric characterization of a DSLR camera in order to implement an imaging luminance meter. The first step consisted in the experimental setup of a system to obtain the spectral response curves of the CMOS sensor for its three channels: red (R), green (G) and blue (B). Then, based on the linear combination of the RGB channel curves, we calculated an approximation of the CIE luminous efficiency function, V(λ), for the camera. We then characterized the camera lens which involved measuring its spectral transmittance and evaluating the uniformity of the lens-sensor assembly to compensate for loss of sensitivity at the image periphery (vignetting). Finally, we performed an absolute calibration in luminance and carried out a pilot test to create high dynamic range (HDR) images and luminance maps of a scene. The favourable results of the pilot test augur a successful implementation of the image luminance meter, however, it is necessary to finish with the development of a software for the image processing and to do more tests in order to be able to validate its use in different situations or to establish the restrictions of its use.
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Safdar, M., M. Ronnier Luo, M. Farhan Mughal, S. Kuai, Y. Yang, L. Fu, and X. Zhu. "A neural response-based model to predict discomfort glare from luminance image." Lighting Research & Technology 50, no. 3 (October 25, 2016): 416–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153516675910.

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It is well known that one of the problems of the current method for discomfort glare evaluation, called the unified glare rating, is the non-uniform luminance of the glare source. This paper addresses this issue by considering the spatial contrast of luminance as a measure of non-uniformity. An image-based metric is proposed to evaluate discomfort glare by modeling the neural response of human vision. The model takes an absolute luminance image as input and predicts visual discomfort based on the spatial distribution of the luminance of the stimulus and the background. The developed model was tested to predict subjective glare ratings based on an experiment conducted using non-uniform LED sources with symmetric and asymmetric patterns of LEDs, and its performance was compared with the unified glare rating. As expected, the unified glare rating predictions correlated well with the subjective glare evaluations of luminaires with symmetric patterns of LEDs (as they appear less non-uniform) but not for those with asymmetric patterns. Results showed that the developed model, named the Neural Response-based Glare Model, gave similar performance to unified glare rating for symmetric patterns but outperformed UGR for asymmetric patterns of LEDs.
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Li, Wei, Chuan Zheng Zhu, and Yong Yang. "Evaluation Index LPD of Highway Lighting’s Energy-Saving." Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (May 2012): 1628–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.1628.

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LPD’s (lighting power density) definition, calculation method, standard value, influence factors and ways to reduce it are talked in this article. The aim is to take measures to reduce LPD properly. LPD should be less than standard value while guaranteeing traffic safety, average and uniformity road surface luminance. Then a road lighting system of energy-saving should be built as soon as possible.
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Li, Tian Hua, and Hong Sun. "Research on CRT Rear-Projection Television Adjustment by Chkscrn Software." Advanced Engineering Forum 4 (June 2012): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.4.111.

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Based on computer platform and Chkscrn testing software, this paper analyzes the structure and operation principle of CRT rear-projection television. It also adjusts luminance uniformity, white balance and geometrical linear of CRT rear-projection television by Chkscrn software. The application has shown that the adjustment of CRT rear-projection television by Chkscrn can effectively update the display effect of television.
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HUANGFU Lu-jiang, 皇甫鲁江, 李真真 LI Zhen-zhen, 谭文静 TAN Wen-jing, 黄. 硕. HUANG Shuo, 赵. 辉. ZHAO Hui, and 史世明 SHI Shi-ming. "Analysis of luminance uniformity and relevant issues with virtual pixel display and countermeasures." Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystals and Displays 34, no. 6 (2019): 556–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/yjyxs20193406.0556.

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MASAKURA, Yuko, Tohru TAMURA, Kunihiko NAGAMINE, Satoshi TOMIOKA, Mitsunori UEDA, and Yoshihide SHIMPUKU. "A Quantitative Evaluation Method for Luminance Non-uniformity of a Large LED Backlight." IEICE Transactions on Electronics E93-C, no. 11 (2010): 1564–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transele.e93.c.1564.

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