Journal articles on the topic 'Lumbar vertebrae Examination'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Lumbar vertebrae Examination.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Lumbar vertebrae Examination.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Kottlors, Michael, and Franz Xaver Glocker. "Dermatomyotomal supply in patients with variations in the number of lumbar vertebrae." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 12, no. 3 (March 2010): 314–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2009.9.spine09114.
Full textAbstract:
Object Variation in the number of lumbar vertebrae occurs in a small portion of the population. Either the fifth lumbar vertebra shows assimilation to the sacrum or the first sacral vertebra shows a lumbar configuration, resulting in 4 or 6 lumbar vertebrae, respectively. Etiologically, lumbar nerve root syndrome is diagnosed by comparing the anatomical level of the disc herniation to the compressed nerve root and to the pattern of the peripheral sensory and motor deficit. In case of a variation in the number of lumbar vertebrae, defining the lumbar nerve roots becomes difficult. Variations in the number of lumbar vertebrae make the landmarks (the twelfth rib and the first sacral vertebra) unreliable clues to define the nerve roots. The allocation of the clinically damaged segment to the spinal disorder seen in imaging studies is essential for differential diagnosis and spine surgery. Methods A retrospective study was conducted of clinical, electrophysiological, and imaging data among inpatients over a period of 21 months. Eight patients who had isolated monosegmental discogenic nerve root compression and a variation in the number of lumbar vertebrae were selected. Results Seven patients presented with 6 lumbar vertebrae, and 1 patient presented with 4 lumbar vertebrae and disc herniation on 1 of the 2 caudal levels. Compression of the second-to-last nerve root in patients with 6 lumbar vertebrae resulted either in clinical L-5 or S-1 syndrome, or a combination of both. Compression of the last caudal nerve root resulted in a clinical S-1 nerve root syndrome. Conclusions The findings suggest that the dermatomyotomal supply of the lumbosacral nerve roots can vary in patients with a variation in the number of lumbar vertebrae, and a meticulous clinical, radiological, and electrophysiological examination is essential.
2
Prasad, S., V. Parikh, J. Shah, D. Patkar, and T. Patankar. "Avascular Necrosis of Two Contiguous Vertebral Bodies." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 13, no. 2 (April 2000): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140090001300218.
Full textAbstract:
Avascular necrosis of the vertebral body is extremely uncommon with majority of reported cases being secondary to traumatic compressive fractures. We describe the imaging findings of AVN of two contiguous lumbar vertebrae following osteoporotic compression fracture in an elderly patient with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis which was confirmed on histopathological examination. The affection of two adjacent vertebrae and their intervening disc was an atypical feature and prompted us to consider neoplastic condition in the differential diagnosis.
3
P, Neelima, and Ravi Sunder R. "OCCIPITALISATION OF ATLAS VERTEBRA AND ITS CLINICAL FRAMES OF REFERENCE- AN ANALYSIS." Journal of Ayurvedic Herbal and Integrative Medicine 1, no. 1 (October 23, 2021): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/j-ahim.v1.i1.2021.15.
Full textAbstract:
Vertebral column is made of 33 vertebrae named as cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccygeal vertebrae. Axial skeleton comprises of skull and vertebral column. 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves exit from the central nervous system which control the entire body. Malformations or fusion of vertebrae could be one of the etiologies of nerve compression syndromes. Vital structures emerge out through intervertebral foramina extending from cervical to coccygeal vertebrae. Occipitalisation of atlas, the first cervical vertebra is one of the emergencies leading to wide spectrum of presentations like chronic neck pain or foramen magnum syndrome or unconscious state due to compression of medulla oblongata. During routine examination of skull bones while teaching, one skull was found to exhibit assimilation of atlas. Photographs were captured and compared with normal skull. Thorough examination revealed incomplete occipitalisation of atlas. The anterior arch was completely fused but the posterior arch was bifid showing a split. The styloid process on right side seemed to be long and very close leading to compression of structures of styloid apparatus in addition. On observation, it was found to be a male skull. Fusion of vertebrae may be a congenital anomaly due to maldevelopment of somites in forming vertebrae. Skeletal element of caudal 4th occipital somite forms the occipital bone and when it is fused with the proximal 1st cervical somite leads to occipitalisation of atlas. Acquired conditions like atlantoaxial subluxation, chiari malformations or cervical vertebral fusion or foramen magnum abnormalities have been associated with assimilation of atlas. The present study reports occipitalisation of atlas which is incomplete with a bifid posterior arch. Prevalence of such anomalies may form the differential diagnosis of chronic headache or myelopathies.
4
Kamal, AHM Mostafa, Shamim Ara, Shahanaz Begum, Md Mesbahul Hoque, and Khadeza Khatun. "Sacralization : Sacrum with Five Pairs of Sacral Foramina." Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy 11, no. 2 (October 18, 2014): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v11i2.20670.
Full textAbstract:
Context : The sacrum generally is composed of five vertebrae fused to form a triangular bony mass with four pairs of sacral foramina. The sacrum may contain six vertebrae, by development of an additional sacral element or by incorporation of the fifth lumbar or first coccygeal vertebrae produces five pairs of sacral foramina. Sacralization is entirely undiagnosable without an X-ray examination and rarely present any symptoms. Sacra of six bodies with five pairs of sacral foramina are found frequently in the department of anatomy during routine study of bones. Material and Methods: The present study was performed on 218 (two hundred eighteen) adult human dry sacra of unknown sex. The study samples were distributed into male and female sex groups by discriminant function analysis The study was descriptive type and was conducted in the department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from January 2011 to December 2011. The sacrum was examined to assess the number of its vertebral segments and sacral foramina. Result : A typical sacrum consisting of 5 segments with four pairs of sacral foramina was observed in 78.9 % cases, while sacralisation with five pairs of sacral foramina was seen in 21.10 % of cases. Conclusion: The number of vertebrae in sacrum may be increased by fusion of fifth lumbar vertebra or first coccygeal vertebra producing sacralization. The knowledge of significant number of sacralization is necessary in managing spinal surgery and for diagnostic and therapeutic purpose in low back pain. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v11i2.20670 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, July 2013, Vol. 11 No. 2 pp 54-57
5
Yookwan, Watcharaphong, Sornsupha Limchareon, Sang-Hun Lee, Jun-Su Jang, Daesung Lee, and Krisana Chinnasarn. "Coarse X-ray Lumbar Vertebrae Pose Localization and Registration Using Triangulation Correspondence." Processes 11, no. 1 (December 27, 2022): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11010061.
Full textAbstract:
Plain film X-ray scanners are indispensable for medical diagnostics and clinical procedures. This type of device typically produces two radiographic images of the human spine, including the anteroposterior and lateral views. However, these two photographs presented perspectives that were distinct. The proposed procedure consists of three fundamental steps. For automated cropping, the grayscale lumbar input image was initially projected vertically using its vertical pattern. Then, Delaunay triangulation was performed with the SURF features serving as the triangle nodes. The posture area of the vertebrae was calculated by utilizing the edge density of each node. The proposed method provided an automated estimation of the position of the human lumbar vertebrae, thereby decreasing the radiologist’s workload, computing time, and complexity in a variety of bone-clinical applications. Numerous applications can be supported by the results of the proposed method, including the segmentation of lumbar vertebrae pose, bone mineral density examination, and vertebral pose deformation. The proposed method can estimate the vertebral position with an accuracy of 80.32 percent, a recall rate of 85.37 percent, a precision rate of 82.36%, and a false-negative rate of 15.42 percent.
6
Fitriana, Lutfatul, Hernastiti Sedya Utami, and Festyana Filauhid. "RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION TECHNIQUES OF LUMBAL VERTEBRA IN CASE OF LOW BACK PAIN IN ISLAMIC HOSPITAL PURWOKERTO." Medical Imaging and Radiation Protection Research (MIROR) Journal 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.54973/miror.v2i2.257.
Full textAbstract:
Low Back Pain (LBP) is a pain condition that attacks the lower part of the spine, caused by injury to muscles or ligaments, common causes include lifting the wrong weight, poor posture, not exercising regularly and so on. One of the radiological examinations to establish the diagnosis of LBP is a radiographic examination of the lumbar spine. In the examination procedure, the radiological examination of the lumbar spine, the patient's position during the examination was arranged to sleep supine on the examination table, while at RSI Purwokerto the examination of the lumbar vertebrae with the case of LBP the patient position setting was arranged to stand in front of the bucky stand. The research used in the preparation of this scientific article is a qualitative research with approach case study, the method of data collection is carried out by direct observation of the technique of radiographic examination of the lumbar spine with LBP cases at the Radiology Installation of Islamic Hospital Purwokerto and data collection methods by taking data from documents, including radiographs, medical records and radiographic readings. On radiographic examination of the lumbar spine with LBP cases with the patient standing, the results were: low back pain with normal lumbar curvature and no disc narrowing. Conclusions that can be drawn from the technique of examining the lumbar vertebrae at the Radiology Installation of the Islamic Hospital of Purwokerto were carried out with the AP and Lateral erect projections. the use of this projection can be more informative and can clarify the intervertebral space or narrowed intervertebral disc.
Keywords : Low Back Pain, Radiography, Erect
7
Ramzan, Ameena, Taiba Zulfiqar, Abid Ali, and Khadija Bakhtawar. "Evaluation of Lumbar Spine Injuries on Computed Tomography." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 10 (October 30, 2022): 676–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221610676.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To use computed tomography to examine the findings of lumbar spine trauma. Material and methodology: This cross-sectional study which was performed with a sample size of 50 patients in 6 months from October-2022 to march-2022 calculated via a convenient sampling technique by taking the mean from previously published studies. This study was carried out at 3 private hospitals in Sialkot, Pakistan after informed consent. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 20. Frequency and percentages were mentioned. Results: Mostly patients were male 27(54%) and the least number of patients were females 23(43%). The most frequent age group was 55-65 years15 (30%). The most frequent weight was 66-75kg 20(40%) and the lowest weight was 46-55kg 8(16%). There is a high risk of lumber spine trauma in overweight patients. The most frequent type was simple 30(60%) and the least type was comminuted 5(10%). the most frequent findings were mild 30(60%) Single vertebral fracture 36(72%) is most common. L1 12(24%) was most common affected. Conclusion: Males have a higher incidence than females, with males. Vertebra number one is more influenced than the others in terms of the number of affected vertebrae. Simple fractures are the most common type of fracture. CT examination is best for evaluating lumbar spine injuries. Keywords: Computed tomography, Lumbar, Spine, Trauma
8
Imran, S., and S. Sharma. "Transcutaneous ultrasonographic examination of the left kidney in healthy cows." Veterinární Medicína 59, No. 1 (February 14, 2014): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/7243-vetmed.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of a new technique for transcutaneous ultrasonographic imaging coupled with transrectal manoeuvering for the examination of the left kidney using 10 clinically healthy Jersey/Red Sindhi crossbred cows. The areas extending caudally from the tuber-coxae, cranially up to the 11<sup>th</sup> intercostal space, dorsally from the lumbar transverse processes, and ventrally up to the midflank on both sides (left and right) were shaved. The transducer was placed in the right and left paralumbar fossae, the 3<sup>rd</sup> (between vertebrae L3 and L4) and the 4<sup>th</sup> (between vertebrae L4 and L5) lumbar spaces, respectively. For transrectal manoeuvring of the left kidney, the arm was inserted in to the rectum beyond the elbow to palpate and push the left kidney gently towards the right abdominal wall. The left kidney was imaged in its entirety from the right paralumbar fossa in all of the cows. However, it could not be imaged with clarity without a gentle transrectal push towards the right abdominal wall at the time of imaging. The left kidney was also imaged via the 3<sup>rd</sup> (between vertebrae L3 and L4) and the 4<sup>th</sup> (between vertebrae L4 and L5) lumbar spaces in only eight of 10 cows, but the quality of imaging was poor in comparison to the transflank imaging. Moreover, in four of ten cows, the right and left kidneys were imaged together in one ultrasonographic image. On the basis of our results we consider transcutaneous ultrasonography, simultaneously supported with transrectal manoeuvring, to be suitable for evaluation of the left kidney in cows. The findings reported in this study may be of assistance to veterinary surgeons by providing a basis for use in clinical procedures such as transcutaneous ultrasonography-guided renal biopsies.
9
Csóka, Ádám, Örs Petneházy, Dániel Fajtai, Máté Sándor, Szilvia Orsi-Gibicsár, and Tamás Donkó. "Automatic method for determining the number of lumbar and thoracic vertebrae in rabbits using Computer Tomography images." Acta Agraria Kaposváriensis 25, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31914/aak.2626.
Full textAbstract:
There are several studies dealing with the phenotypic variance of the vertebral number in the spinal column of rabbits. According to the literature the number of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae varies between 11-13 and 6-8, respectively. The length of the m. longissimus dorsi (MLD) - a valuable meat part of rabbits - is determined by the length of the vertebral column therefore the number of vertebrae may have economic importance in breeding. The aim of this study was to create an automatic counter using computed tomography (CT) images. In the first step, a skeleton binary mask was created using the radiodensity range between 120 and 3071 HU, then the lumbar and thoracic regions were processed by two different methods. The lumbar part was evaluated based on the frequency of the bone voxels along the axial plane. The number of thoracic vertebrae was determined from the number of ribs. The left and right ribs were processed separately. The developed method was tested on CT examination of 40 Hycole rabbits compared to manual evaluation. The results of the automatic algorithm had few errors: in one case in the lumbar region (2.5%) and in 3 cases in the thoracic region (5%). The automated evaluation process takes a few seconds per individual and then the program visualizes the results on a graph. The incorrectly evaluated rabbits are recognizable on graphs and they can be easily corrected with a minimal time investment.
10
Matres-Lorenzo, Luis, Antoine Bernardé, and Fabrice Bernard. "Video-assisted removal of metal pellet fragments from the vertebral canal following gunshot injury and long-term outcome in a cat." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 29, no. 05 (September 2016): 439–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3415/vcot-16-02-0025.
Full textAbstract:
Summary Objective: To describe the surgical management and long-term outcome of a spinal gunshot injury in a cat. Clinical report: A two-year-old, 4.2 kg castrated European Shorthair male cat was referred for evaluation of bilateral acute hind-limb paralysis with loss of deep pain perception in the right hindlimb associated with a perforating gunshot wound in the left side of the flank. Based on the clinical findings, the injury was localized to the fourth lumbar-first sacral spinal cord segment. The orthogonal spinal radiographs and computed tomography examination showed several metal pellet fragments within the vertebral canal of the sixth lumbar vertebra. A left mini-hemilaminectomy of the sixth lumbar vertebra pedicle combined with a mini dorsal laminectomy over the sixth to seventh lumbar vertebrae disc space were performed. A 2.4 mm 30° arthroscope was then introduced within the spinal canal to improve visibility and help with the fragment extraction. The cat was discharged from the hospital five days after surgery and the owners were encouraged to continue passive and active physiotherapy movements. Results: The cat was ambulatory with a plantigrade stance eight weeks following surgery. At the last follow-up examination (24 months postoperatively), the cat was able to jump on chairs, although intermittent urinary and faecal incontinence, proprioceptive deficits, and plantigrade stance were still present. Clinical significance: Decompressive surgery may promote neurological status improvement following spinal gunshot injury.
11
Cho, Hyung-Lea, Jin-Sung Kim, Sung Suk Paeng, and Sang-Ho Lee. "Butterfly vertebra with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 15, no. 5 (November 2011): 567–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2011.6.spine1178.
Full textAbstract:
A butterfly vertebra is a rare congenital anomaly that is usually asymptomatic. The authors, however, describe a novel case involving a butterfly vertebra overlapping with disc herniation that presented as radiculopathy. A butterfly vertebra is characterized by a symmetrical fusion defect resulting in a sagittal cleft vertebra. Only a few cases of butterfly vertebrae have been reported as incidental findings. This spinal anomaly may be associated with other congenital conditions such as Pfeiffer, Crouzon, Jarcho-Levin, and Alagille syndromes. Moreover, there is no previous report of a case associated with symptomatic disc herniation from the sagittal cleft. The authors excised the herniated disc fragment. They performed intraoperative discography after exposure of the corresponding intervertebral space via a conventional interlaminar approach. Histological examination of a tissue specimen showed scattered chondrocytes in the myxohyaline stroma, which indicated the nucleus pulposus.
12
Mironov, S. P., G. M. Burmakova, V. G. Saltykova, and N. A. Es'kin. "DIAGNOSTIChESKIE VOZMOZhNOSTI SONOGRAFII PRI POYaSNIChNO-KRESTTsOVYKh BOLYaKh." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 10, no. 1 (March 15, 2003): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto200310124-31.
Full textAbstract:
Ultrasound examination results of 83 athletes and ballet dancers with lumbar-sacral pain syndrome caused by osteochondrosis, spondylolysis of lower lumbar vertebrae, pathology of lumbar-sacral spine ligaments are presented. Technique of ultrasonography of the lumbar spine from anterior and posterior accesses is given. Pathological changes in various structures lumbar spine (intervertebral disks, ligamentous system) at overloading are described. The advantages of ultrasonography, i.e. informativeness, low invasiveness, possibility of the repeated examination during the treatment are noted.
13
Adam, D., D. Iftimie, Gina Burduşa, and Cristiana Moisescu. "Multilevel “fish vertebrae” in a patient with tumor-induced osteomalacia." Romanian Neurosurgery 31, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 294–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/romneu-2017-0048.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background and importance: “Fish vertebra” is an uncommon anomaly of vertebral body shape, consisting of central depression of the superior and inferior vertebral surfaces. It has been associated with various conditions: osteoporosis, osteomalacia, hyperparathyroidism, Paget disease, sickle cell disease, multiple myeloma and systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinical presentation: A 29-year-old male patient, previously treated for ankylosing spondylitis (with NSAIDs and TNFα inhibitor), without any clinical improvement, was admitted to our Neurosurgical Department. He complained of difficult gait, possible only with the aid of a cane, low back pain and bilateral hip pain, but without leg pain. He denied any history of recent trauma. Neurological examination was normal. Plain thoracic and lumbar spine X-rays revealed multilevel “fish vertebrae”. Lumbar spine MRI and contrast thoraco-abdominal CT scan showed fractures of multiple structures: left L4 pedicle, right L4 lamina and pars interarticularis, right II-VII costal arches, left I-V costal arches and bilateral sacral alae. We performed extensive laboratory tests that detected low seric phosphorous and PTH levels, with increased alkaline phosphatase, indicating a possible endocrinological cause for this condition. Subsequently, we decided to transfer the patient to an Endocrinological Department. A diagnosis of hypophosphatemic osteomalacia was established and increased FGF23 levels, later determined, suggested it was tumor-induced osteomalacia. Whole-body MRI was unable to locate the tumor, but Gallium-68 DOTATATE PET/CT revealed a small (15 mm in diameter), hyperfixating mass in the head of the right femur. The patient was treated with oral calcitriol and phosphate, with alleviation of symptoms. Surgical excision of the tumor was recommended, but the patient decided to postopone the operation. Conclusion: Modern medical imaging and biochemical testing have made the leap from merely observing vertebral biconcavities to diagnosing their cause and, consequently, the possibility to adequately treat uncommon causes of “fish vertebra”, such as neuroendocrine tumor-induced osteomalacia.
14
Csébi, Péter, Csaba Jakab, Katalin Jánosi, Boglárka Sellyei, Tamás Ipolyi, Zoltán Szabó, Attila Arany-Tóth, and Tibor Németh. "Vertebral osteomyelitis and meningomyelitis caused by Pasteurella canis in a dog — Clinicopathological case report." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 58, no. 4 (December 1, 2010): 413–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/avet.58.2010.4.2.
Full textAbstract:
A clinicopathological case study of vertebral osteomyelitis caused byPasteurella canisin a 2.5-year-old male Jack Russell Terrier is presented. The case was characterised by a chronic course with signs of spinal pain and acute paraplegia. The diagnosis was established by radiography, myelography, post-myelographic CT examination, and laboratory tests including routine blood work and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology, and confirmed by postmortem pathological and microbiological examinations. Diagnostic imaging showed severe osteolysis, ventral spondylosis and spinal cord compression at the 4th and 5th lumbar vertebrae. The blood tests revealed mild leukocytosis and anaemia, while CSF cytology showed lymphocytic and mononuclear pleocytosis. Necropsy demonstrated severe osteomyelitis and meningomyelitis, but the source of infection could not be established. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first description of canine vertebral osteomyelitis caused by this organism.
15
Yamazaki, Atsuro, Sumihisa Orita, Takeshi Sainoh, Kazuyo Yamauchi, Miyako Suzuki, Yoshihiro Sakuma, Go Kubota, et al. "Anterolateral Corrective Lumbar Corpectomy and Interbody Fusion by Using Extended Screw Fixation without Posterior Instrumentation for Posttraumatic Kyphosis." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2013 (2013): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/614757.
Full textAbstract:
A 26-year-old paraplegic schizophrenic Japanese woman suffered from severe kyphosis and back pain derived from lumbar burst fractures caused by jumping. She had already undergone resection of the L1 and L2 spinous processes for sharp angular kyphosis, but she still had severe kyphosis and back pain at the L1 and L2. Radiographical examination revealed fused anterior columns at L1 and L2 with severe local kyphosis and a significantly decreased percutaneous distance in the back. The patient underwent anterior instrumented bony resection including an L2 vertebral osteotomy: bilateral L2-L3 facetectomy and partial posterior osteotomy of the L2 vertebrae via a posterior approach followed by an anterior corpectomy of the L2 vertebrae and insertion of a cylindrical cage. No posterior instrumentation was used owing to the presence of atrophied paraspinal soft tissues. Lumbar interbody fusion was performed with vertebral body screws extending from T12 to L4 and corresponding anterior distension and posterior compression. The procedure corrected the kyphosis by 15° and enhanced local stability. Postsurgical visual analogue scale improved from 9.0 to 2.0 and Oswestry Disability Index from 40 to 17.8, respectively. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that anterolateral interbody fusion using extended fixation can compensate for posterior corrective surgery.
16
Manino, Paul M., Fabiano Oliveira, Martin Ficken, Amy Swinford, and Derek Burney. "Disseminated Protothecosis Associated With Diskospondylitis in a Dog." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 50, no. 6 (November 1, 2014): 429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-6083.
Full textAbstract:
A 6 yr old female Labrador retriever was evaluated for an acute onset of difficulty walking and a head tilt. Initial physical examination revealed bilateral retinal detachment, a left-sided head tilt, positional rotary nystagmus, and lumbar hyperpathia. Pertinent preliminary diagnostic findings included systemic hypertension, bony lysis and adjacent sclerosis of the vertebral endplates of the first and second lumbar vertebrae, and positive urine and blood cultures for a yeast identified as Candida spp. Concerned about disseminated candidiasis after subsequent subretinal aspirates confirmed the presence of a yeast-like organism, therapy with voriconazole was initiated. Because of progressive clinical deterioration and the poor prognosis for recovery, the dog was eventually euthanized. Postmortem histological examination of tissues, including the affected vertebral endplates, revealed numerous intralesional algae compatible with Prototheca spp. To the authors' knowledge, this report is the first to document a case of protothecal diskospondylitis with possible concurrent candidiasis in a dog. Although typically associated with signs referable to the gastrointestinal tract, this report underscores the importance of not excluding protothecosis as a differential diagnosis when such signs are absent. Lastly, the use of voriconazole appears ineffective for reversing the clinical course of late-stage disseminated protothecosis.
17
Mironov, S. P., Galina Maksimovna Burmakova, S. P. Mironov, and G. M. Burmakova. "Low Back Pains in Athletes and Ballet Dancers: Apophysitis of Vertebral Bodies." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 17, no. 3 (September 15, 2010): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto20101733-11.
Full textAbstract:
Experience in diagnosis and treatment of lumbar vertebrae apophysitis in 29 athletes and ballet dancers aged from 13 to 29 years is presented. In 25 patients pathology of thoracolumbar and upper lumbar spine was diagnosed. In 4 patients S1 apophysitis was detected including 3 patients with combination of S1 apophysitis and L4-L5 spondylolysis. Diagnosis consisted of clinical-neurologic, roentgenologic (standard including functional tests) and ultrasonographic examinations. In combination of apophysitis and spondylolysis radionuclide examination was performed. All patients were under conservative treatment which included individual complex of exercise therapy, massage, intramuscular, sympathetic trunk, ilipsoas muscle blockades, ozone-oxygen mixture injections into paravertebral muscles, use of vascular drugs, chondroprotectors and stimulating therapy. Analysis of the results confirmed high efficacy of the proposed methods for diagnosis and treatment of lumbar apophysitis in athletes and ballet dancers.
18
Pashkova, I. G. "Osteodensitometric Characteristics of Bone Tissue in Women with Normal Body Weight." Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology 10, no. 3 (September 20, 2021): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2021-10-3-108-111.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the study was to investigate age-related changes in bone mineralization indicators in the lumbar vertebrae in women with normal body weight living in the conditions of the Northern region.Material and methods. A complex somatometric examination and quantitative assessment of the bone tissue mineral density in the lumbar vertebrae were performed according to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry of a group of Slavic women (n=127) with a normal body weight (BMI values from 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2) aged 20 to 87 years, permanently residing in the Republic of Karelia. Statistical processing of the material was performed using the program "STATISTICA 6.0".Results. The BMI values in women increased significantly every decade of life. Direct correlations of mineral bone density (MBD) with the body length (r=0.46, p<0.001), with the body surface area (r=0.46, p<0.001), with absolute muscle mass (MM) (r=0.39, p<0.001), and with body mass (r=0.29, p<0.001) were revealed. No significant correlation with the adipose mass was found. The incidence of low MBD of the lumbar vertebrae was 48%: osteopenia was in 29%, osteoporosis was in 19% of women. The analysis of the component composition of the body in women with different levels of bone mass showed significant differences in the absolute content of muscle mass.Conclusion. In women with a normal BMI, body weight and muscle mass play an essential role in maintaining lumbar vertebrae bone mineral density.
19
Liu, Da, Jun Sheng, Hong-hua Wu, Xia Kang, Qing-yun Xie, Yang Luo, Jiang-jun Zhou, and Wei Zheng. "Biomechanical study of injectable hollow pedicle screws for PMMA augmentation in severely osteoporotic lumbar vertebrae: effect of PMMA distribution and volume on screw stability." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 29, no. 6 (December 2018): 639–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2018.4.spine171225.
Full textAbstract:
OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to compare stability of injectable hollow pedicle screws with different numbers of holes using different volumes of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) in severely osteoporotic lumbar vertebrae and analyze the relationship between screw stability and distribution and volume of PMMA.METHODSForty-eight severely osteoporotic cadaveric lumbar vertebrae were randomly divided into 3 groups—groups A, B, and C (16 vertebrae per group). The screws used in group A had 4 holes (2 pairs of holes, with the second hole of each pair placed 180° further along the thread than the first). The screws used in group B had 6 holes (3 pairs of holes, placed with the same 180° difference in position). Unmodified conventional screws were used in group C. Each group was randomly divided into subgroups 0, 1, 2, and 3, with different volumes of PMMA used in each subgroup. Type A and B pedicle screws were directly inserted into the vertebrae in groups A and B, respectively, and then different volumes of PMMA were injected through the screws into the vertebrae in subgroups 0, 1, 2, and 3. The pilot hole was filled with different volumes of PMMA followed by insertion of screws in groups C0, C1, C2, and C3. Distributions of PMMA were evaluated radiographically, and axial pull-out tests were performed to measure the maximum axial pullout strength (Fmax).RESULTSRadiographic examination revealed that PMMA surrounded the anterior third of the screws in the vertebral bodies (VBs) in groups A1, A2, and A3; the middle third of screws in the junction area of the vertebral body (VB) and pedicle in groups B1, B2, and B3; and the full length of screws evenly in both VB and pedicle in groups C1, C2, and C3. In addition, in groups A3 and B3, PMMA from each of the screws (left and right) was in contact with PMMA from the other screw and the PMMA was closer to the posterior wall and pedicle than in groups A1, A2, B1, and B2. One instance of PMMA leakage was found (in group B3). Two-way analysis of variance revealed that 2 factors—distribution and volume of PMMA—significantly influenced Fmax (p < 0.05) but that they were not significantly correlated (p = 0.078). The Fmax values in groups in which screws were augmented with PMMA were significantly better than those in groups in which no PMMA was used (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSPMMA can significantly improve stability of different injectable pedicle screws in severely osteoporotic lumbar vertebrae, and screw stability is significantly correlated with distribution and volume of PMMA. The closer the PMMA is to the pedicle and the greater the quantity of injected PMMA used, the greater the pedicle screw stability is. Injection of 3.0 mL PMMA through screws with 4 holes (2 pair of holes, with the screws in each pair placed on opposite sides of the screw) produces optimal stability in severely osteoporotic lumbar vertebrae.
20
Shamir, MH, R. Shahar, and I. Aizenberg. "Subarachnoid cyst in a cat." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 33, no. 2 (March 1, 1997): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/15473317-33-2-123.
Full textAbstract:
A five-year-old domestic longhair was presented with hind-limb ataxia and some degree of incontinence of two weeks' duration. An enlarged spinal canal from the twelfth thoracic (T12) vertebra to the third lumbar (L3) vertebra was identified on survey radiographs. An intradural-extramedullary cavity at the twelfth (T12) and thirteenth (T13) thoracic vertebrae, filled with contrast material, was demonstrated on myelography. A left-sided hemilaminectomy was performed over this region, and a subarachnoid cavitation or cyst was found to be the cause of the severe spinal-cord compression. The cyst was drained. The cat showed improvement in the neurological signs during the first three weeks postoperatively. Six months later, no neurological deficits were identified on follow-up examination.
21
Kovalev, S. P., Yu V. Gradova, and E. V. Busharova. "Results of ultrasonic examination of the testes of the Hyrax (<i> Procavia capensis</i>)." Issues of Legal Regulation in Veterinary Medicine, no. 1 (April 20, 2022): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2022.1.97.
Full textAbstract:
The anatomical norm of testes location for Cape hyraxes is in the retroperitoneal space. It seems interesting to describe the testes of this animal from the point of view of ultrasound diagnostics. According to research, the testes were well visualized and determined caudoventral to the kidneys (the left testis was at the level of 4-5 lumbar vertebrae, the right one was at the level of 5-6 lumbar vertebrae), were symmetrical relative to each other, oval in shape, with even contours, clear boundaries, hypoechoic (comparable in echogenicity to the liver parenchyma of this animal), with homogeneous echostructure, with an artifact of the side shadow (indicates the presence of a capsule) and distal damping (indirectly indicates the density of the tissue), no typical formations were visualized. The trabecula was hyperechoic and the caudal appendage was heterogeneous in its echostructure. The ultrasound picture of the testis of the Cape hyrax does not differ from that of other animal species such as dogs. An exception is the topographic position of the testes. Thus, the study can be guided by standard atlases for the description of ultrasound of small animals.
22
Orel, A. M. "Possibilities of systemic analysis of radiographs of patients with degenerative diseases of the spine." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 7, no. 3 (August 7, 2000): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto104364.
Full textAbstract:
The criteria for the evaluation of a separate vertebra statics were distinguished. Those criteria were taken as a principle for systemic analysis of spine radiograms. Structural shape and spatial position disturbances of the separate vertebrae, mobile motor spinal segments as well as the whole spine were reflected in algorythmic description and diagrams. 452 patients, aged 6- 76 years, were examined using that method. Degenerative dystrophic diseases were detected in 79% of patients, statics disturbances in 17-21.9%), different malformations in 0.9-20.4% of cases. On the base of examination data a computer model of normal spine was created and the influence of sacrum position and thoracic kyphosis peculiarities on the level, rate and direction of cervical and lumbar spondylolisthesis was studied.
23
Mohanty, Aroop, Naveen Pandita, Pankaj Kandwal, Balram Ji Omar, Pratima Gupta, and Priyanka Gupta. "SALMONELLA OSTEOMYELITIS OF THE LUMBAR SPINE: AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION IN AN IMMUNOCOMPETENT MALE." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v11i1.22530.
Full textAbstract:
Prevalence of Salmonella vertebral osteomyelitis has increased in recent years due to greater number of spinal surgical procedures, ageing population, and intravenous drug abuse. It is a rare complication of Salmonella infection. We report a case of a 17-year-old male who presented with low back pain for past 1 month. Physical examination revealed spinal tenderness over L2-L5 spine with sensory and motor deficit. Magnetic resonance imaging of dorsolumbar spine showed spondylodiscitis at L2-L5 and epidural collection at L4-L5 level. The patient did not respond to conservative treatment and trial of antitubercular drugs. He underwent open discal biopsy and decompression laminotomy. Intraoperatively, he was found to have epidural abscess and discitis at L3-L4 level. Tissue and wound culture grew Salmonella typhi, and with antibiotic susceptibility guidance, he was treated with intravenous cefuroxime for 4 weeks. On his latest follow-up, there was complete recovery and fusion at diseased vertebrae level.
24
Mohanty, Aroop, Naveen Pandita, Pankaj Kandwal, Balram Ji Omar, Pratima Gupta, and Priyanka Gupta. "SALMONELLA OSTEOMYELITIS OF THE LUMBAR SPINE: AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION IN AN IMMUNOCOMPETENT MALE." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i1.22530.
Full textAbstract:
Prevalence of Salmonella vertebral osteomyelitis has increased in recent years due to greater number of spinal surgical procedures, ageing population, and intravenous drug abuse. It is a rare complication of Salmonella infection. We report a case of a 17-year-old male who presented with low back pain for past 1 month. Physical examination revealed spinal tenderness over L2-L5 spine with sensory and motor deficit. Magnetic resonance imaging of dorsolumbar spine showed spondylodiscitis at L2-L5 and epidural collection at L4-L5 level. The patient did not respond to conservative treatment and trial of antitubercular drugs. He underwent open discal biopsy and decompression laminotomy. Intraoperatively, he was found to have epidural abscess and discitis at L3-L4 level. Tissue and wound culture grew Salmonella typhi, and with antibiotic susceptibility guidance, he was treated with intravenous cefuroxime for 4 weeks. On his latest follow-up, there was complete recovery and fusion at diseased vertebrae level.
25
Tonchev, M. D., V. M. Muzhevska, О. M. Bezkorovainyy, V. M. Mitchenok, and V. I. Kravchenko. "Experience in treating patients with a combination of the descending aorta saccular aneurysm and spondylodiscitis." Ukrainian Interventional Neuroradiology and Surgery 35, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 66–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26683/2786-4855-2021-1(35)-66-71.
Full textAbstract:
The article presents a clinical case of treatment of a patient with spondylodiscitis of two levels – thoracic and lumbar spine spondylodiscitis combined with the thoracic aorta aneurysm. A 68-year-old patient was hospitalized in the Neurosurgical Department of the M.V. Sklifosovsky Poltava Regional Clinical Hospital in August 2019 with complaints of pain and discomfort in the thoracic and lumbar spine, shoulder joints, severe weakness in the lower extremities. The multislice computed tomography with intravenous contrast revealed a sac-like aneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta at the level of vertebrae Th4-Th5 with invasion into the vertebral bodies, spondylodiscitis of vertebrae Th4-Th5 and Th11-Th12 with deformation of the spinal axis, the formation of absolute stenosis of the spinal canal at the level of vertebrae Th11-Th12. At the first stage of the surgery, the thoracic aortic arthroplasty was performed using TAA Stent Graft System (Ankura, China) 34 × 34 × 160 mm at the M.M. Amosov National Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery and the exclusion of the descending aorta aneurysm from the bloodstream was maintained. At the second stage, transpedicular stabilization of the spine at the level of vertebrae Th10-Th11-L2-L3 was performed at the M.V. Sklifosovsky Poltava Regional Clinical Hospital using Legacy system (Medtronic, USA) and spinal cord compression was eliminated. The treatment of spondylodiscitis at the level of the vertebrae Th4-Th5 was conservative with the use of osteotropic antibacterial drugs. The patient was mobilized in the early post-surgical period after stabilization of the spine. Regression of pain syndrome and lower paraparesis was noted. Further observation was performed on an outpatient basis. According to the modified Rankin Scale, which allows assessing the degree of independence of the patient in everyday life, the patient was evaluated with 3 points at discharge. A follow-up examination at 3, 12, and 24 months showed that the functioning of the stent-graft and transpedicular system were satisfactory. The result of 0 points according to the modified Rankin Scale.Patients with the thoracic spine spondylodiscitis require special attention and additional diagnostic procedures. The risk of additional combined pathology in the form of thoracic and abdominal aorta aneurysms should be considered when planning surgical treatment.
26
Kudiashev, A. L., V. V. Khominets, A. V. Teremshonok, E. B. Nagorny, S. Yu Stadnichenko, A. V. Dol, D. V. Ivanov, I. V. Kirillova, L. Yu Kossovich, and A. L. Kovtun. "BIOMECHANICAL MODELING IN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF A PATIENT WITH TRUE LUMBAR SPONDYLOLISTHESIS." Hirurgiâ pozvonočnika 15, no. 4 (December 4, 2018): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.14531/2018.4.87-94.
Full textAbstract:
Objective. To assess the results of clinical approbation of individual finite-element biomechanical model of a patient’s spino-pelvic complex with subsequent modeling of the best option of surgical treatment. Material and Methods. A biomechanical modeling of changes in the sagittal profile of a patient with degenerative disease of the lumbosacral spine, bilateral spondylolysis, and unstable grade 2 spondylolisthesis of the L4 vertebra was performed. The developed biomechanical model made it possible to assess the characteristics of the stress-strain state of the spinal motion segments aroused due to development of the disease. Within the built biomechanical model of the patient’s spino-pelvic complex, a corrective operation was further modeled that assumed a preservation of harmonious profile of sagittal spino-pelvic relationships. Post-correction characteristics of the stress-strain state of spinal motion segments were studied and compared with preoperative parameters of the biomechanical model. Results. Using methods of biomechanics and computer modeling allowed to calculate the stress-strain state of the lumbosacral spine under static load for two options of fixation and intervertebral cage implantation at the L4–L5 level: four transpedicular screws (L4–L5 vertebrae) and six transpedicular screws (L3–L4–L5 vertebrae). The simulation results showed that neither metal implants, nor elements of the lumbosacral spine experienced critical stresses and deformations that could lead to the destruction and instability of the implant. Conclusion. The developed individual biomechanical finite-element solid model of the spine and pelvis allowed for biomechanical justification of prerequisites for the formation and further progression of degenerative changes in spinal motion segments associated with violations of the sagittal profile due to grade 2 spondylolisthesis of the L4 vertebra. The model built on the results of radiological examination biomechanically substantiated the best option of corrective spine surgery allowing to minimize stresses and deformations by choosing reasonable magnitude of correction of sagittal spino-pelvic parameters and configuration of transpedicular system.
27
Li, Huan, Xiao-Jun Shang, and Qi-Rong Dong. "Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Rats with the Third Lumbar Vertebrae Transverse Process Syndrome." Acupuncture in Medicine 33, no. 5 (October 2015): 400–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/acupmed-2014-010752.
Full textAbstract:
Objective To investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) at local or distant acupuncture points in a rat model of the third lumbar vertebrae transverse process syndrome. Methods Forty Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, model, model plus local acupuncture point stimulation at BL23 (model+LAS) and model plus distant acupuncture point stimulation at ST36 (model+DAS) groups. All rats except controls underwent surgical third lumbar vertebrae transverse process syndrome modelling on day 2. Thereafter, rats in the model+LAS and model+DAS groups were treated daily with TENS for a total of six treatments (2/100 Hz, 30 min/day) from day 16 to day 29. Thermal pain thresholds were measured once a week during treatment and were continued until day 57, when local muscle tissue was sampled for RT-PCR and histopathological examination after haematoxylin and eosin staining. mRNA expression of interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was determined. Results Thermal pain thresholds of all model rats decreased relative to the control group. Both LAS and DAS significantly increased the thermal pain threshold at all but one point during the treatment period. Histopathological assessment revealed that the local muscle tissues around the third lumbar vertebrae transverse process recovered to some degree in both the model+LAS and model+DAS groups; however, LAS appeared to have a greater effect. mRNA expression of IL-1β, TNF-α and iNOS in the local muscle tissues was increased after modelling and attenuated in both model+LAS and model+DAS groups. The beneficial effect was greater after LAS than after DAS. Conclusions TENS at both local (BL23) and distant (ST36) acupuncture points had a pain-relieving effect in rats with the third lumbar vertebrae transverse process syndrome, and LAS appeared to have greater anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects than DAS. Trial Registration Number 09073.
28
Borpatragohain, Dhruba, Jahangir Kabir Laskar, Arnav Kashyap, and Boby Das. "Extramedullary Haematopoiesis Presenting with Backache and Paraparesis - A Case Report." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 8, no. 16 (April 19, 2021): 1084–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2021/209.
Full textAbstract:
A 49-year-old female patient was admitted in the medicine department of Assam Medical College with complaints of paraparesis of 15 days duration and backache of 3 months’ duration. She had history of dizziness and low blood pressure. On general examination, she had tachycardia (heart rate of 126 beats / min), tachypnoea (respiratory rate 24 / min), severe pallor and bilateral non-pitting pedal oedema. The patient had low haemoglobin (6.6 gm / dl) with red blood cell (RBC) count of 2.5 million / mm3 . She was sent to the radio-diagnosis department for non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scan of thorax and contrast enhanced magnetic resonance (CEMR) of dorsolumbar region. On CT scan, soft tissue density lesions were noted in paraspinal region extending from lower thoracic, lumbar region without destruction of vertebral bodies. Additional findings include hepato-splenomegaly and left sided pleural effusion. On CEMR, there was T1 hypo and T2 / T2FSisointense soft tissue lesion in paraspinal region extending from lower thoracic, lumbar and sacral vertebrae. The lesions were showing diffusion restriction, diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) with low apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value and mild enhancement on post contrast scan. The soft tissue component was noted to extend into the epidural space in multiple vertebral levels in thoracic, lumbar and sacral regions causing spinal canal stenosis, maximum (7.0 mm) at L4 vertebral level. Based on the imaging findings, a diagnosis of extramedullary haematopoiesis in paraspinal region with extension of the soft tissue in the epidural space leading to compression of spinal cord at multiple levels was made.
29
Tucker, DW, D. Olsen, SL Kraft, GA Andrews, and AP Gray. "Primary hemangiosarcoma of the iliopsoas muscle eliciting a peripheral neuropathy." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 36, no. 2 (March 1, 2000): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/15473317-36-2-163.
Full textAbstract:
An eight-year-old, male castrated bullmastiff presented to the Kansas State University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital with left hind-limb paralysis. A mass was identified in the left paralumbar soft tissue adjacent to the fourth (L4) to sixth (L6) lumbar vertebrae by magnetic resonance imaging. The iliopsoas muscle contained the mass which was identified as a hemangiosarcoma on histopathological examination. Hemangiosarcoma is rarely reported as a primary tumor arising from muscle vascular endothelium.
30
Illeez, O. G., F. E. Bahadir Ulger, and I. Aktas. "AB0970 THE RELATION BETWEEN CONGENITAL STRUCTURAL MALFORMATIONS, DISC-VERTEBRA DEGENERATION AND DISC HERNIATION IN THE PEDIATRIC AGE GROUP." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1780.2–1780. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.558.
Full textAbstract:
Background:Disc/vertebral degeneration and disc herniation are rare causes of low back pain in childhood. Their relationship with congenital anomalies were reviewed in few studies in literature (1-3).Objectives:To examine the relation between congenital structural malformations in the lumbar spine, early degeneration and lumbar disc herniation in pediatric age group patients with low back pain, and to determine the incidence of congenital structural malformations, disc/vertebral degeneration, and disc herniation.Methods:Four hundred patients with LBP persisting for at least six weeks were included in the study. Demographic characteristics, physical examination findings, and laboratory and imaging results were recorded for all patients. Severity of pain was determined using a visual analog scale (VAS). Lumbosacral X-rays were examined for the presence of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV) and spina bifida occulta (SBO). The incidence of disc/vertebral degeneration and disc herniation was investigated at the L4-5 and L5-S1 level in lumbosacral magnetic resonans imaging of patients with and without congenital malformation (LSTV-SBO).Results:The study population consisted of 219 girls and 181 boys aged 10-17 years (mean age 14.9±1.9). Presentation symptoms were low back pain in 90.5% (n= 362), and low back-leg pain in 9.5% (n=38). The mean VAS score was 5.3±1.0. LSTV was determined in 67 (16.8%) patients and SBO in 62 (15.5%). Disc herniation was determined in 68 patients, at the L4-5 level in 26.5% (n=18), at the L5-S1 level in 48.5% (n=33), and at both levels in 25% (n=17). Vertebral degeneration was present at the L4-5 level in 14 (8.6%) patients and at the L5-S1 level in 39 (23.9%), while disc degeneration was present at the L4-5 level in 21 (12.8%) patients and at the L5-S1 level in 31 (19.0%). No significant difference was observed in the incidence of disc/vertebral degeneration and disc herniation in patients with congenital malformation. Disc herniation was significantly more common in patients with disc degeneration (p=0.003, p<0.001). Congenital malformations were not observed in approximately 80% of patients without disc herniation and disc/vertebral degeneration.Conclusion:The presence of congenital malformations does not appear to represent a risk factor for early degeneration and disc herniation in pediatric age group. Congenital malformations, early degeneration, and disc herniation may constitute an underlying pathology in pediatric patients with persistent low back pain.References:[1]Milicić G, et al. Causal connection of non-specific low back pain and disc degeneration in children with transitional vertebra and/or Spina bifida occulta: role of magnetic resonance--prospective study. Coll Antropol. 2012.[2]Dang L, et al. Lumbar Disk Herniation in Children and Adolescents: The Significance of Configurations of the Lumbar Spine. Neurosurgery. 2015.[3]Zhang B, et al. Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebra: Possible Role inthe Pathogenesis of Adolescent Lumbar Disc Herniation. World Neurosurg. 2017.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
31
Agarwal, Shivangi, Ravinder Singh Gothwal, Vishnu Sharma, and Sandeep Jain. "Multiple Myeloma with Ovarian Plasmacytoma Mimicking Ovarian Carcinoma with Metastasis: A Case Report." Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care 6, no. 2 (May 14, 2021): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31557/apjcc.2021.6.2.227-230.
Full textAbstract:
Ovarian involvement in multiple myeloma is extremely rare. This paper reports a case of a 50-year-old female who presented with lower back and chest pain of one-month duration. Computed tomography imaging showed lytic lesions in the sternum, ribs, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae with a right adnexal mass. On pathological examination, plasmacytoma was confirmed from the adnexal mass. Bone marrow examination revealed plasma cell infiltration in bone marrow with positive light chain IgG lambda type in serum and raised microglobulin. She was finally diagnosed as a case of IgG lambda myeloma with ovarian plasmacytomas (RISS II).
32
Kwak, Jong Hyeok, Chi Hyung Lee, Gyeong Rip Kim, Sang Weon Lee, Young Ha Kim, Geun Sung Song, Dong Wuk Son, Hynu Chul Sung, Jin Sung Kwak, and Soon Ki Sung. "Quality improvement of general anteroposterior radiographic image of vertebral body according to optimum angle of incidence." Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology 29, no. 2 (March 11, 2021): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/xst-200786.
Full textAbstract:
OBJECTIVE: In this study, we present an appropriate angle of incidence to reduce the distortions in images of L4 and L5 during a general anteroposterior radiograph examination. METHOD: We selected 170 patients who had normal radiological findings among those who underwent anteroposterior and lateral examination for lumbar vertebrae. An optimum angle of incidence wa suggested through the statistical analysis by measuring the lumbar lordosis angle and the intervertebral disc angle in these 170 patients. RESULT: We suggested the incident angle (10.28°) of L4 and the incident angle (23.49°) of L5. We compared the distorted area ratios when the incident angle was 0°, 10°, and 23.5° using the ATOM® phantom. The ratio for the L4 decreased from 14.90% to 12.11% and that of the L5 decreased from 15.25% to 13.72% after applying the angle of incidence. We determined the incident angle (9.34°) of L4 and (21.26°) of L5 below 30° of LLA. Thus, we determined the incident angle (11.21°) of L4 and (25.73°) of L5 above 30° of LLA. CONCLUSION: When you apply the optimum angle of incidence, the distortion of image was minimized and an image between the joints adjacent to the anteroposterior vertebral image with an accurate structure was obtained. As a result, we were able to improve the quality of the image and enhance diagnostic information.
33
Bozovic, Aleksandar, Zlatan Elek, Petar Jovanovic, Dejan Tabakovic, Nenad Milosevic, and Mirko Grajic. "Pregnancy- and lactation-associated osteoporosis with vertebral fractures." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 149, no. 7-8 (2021): 481–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh210329038b.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Pregnancy- and lactation- associated osteoporosis (PLO) is a rare disease for which the pathophysiological mechanism is as yet incompletely known. The incidence of PLO is 0.4 in 100,000 women. It is considered that the number of undiagnosed patients is even higher. PLO can lead to multiple fragility compression fractures in the spinal vertebrae. Case outline. We present the case of a 30 years old woman (first-born, breastfeeding child) who came for examination due to lower back pain that occured after childbirth without any apparent cause. The patient was found to have low levels of vitamin D and low bone mineral density on osteodensitometry (established osteoporosis). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination showed vertebral bodies fractures Th11, Th12 and L4. During therapy, we used vitamin D (800 IU/24 h), alendronate (70 mg once weekly), calcium 1000 mg/24h and thoracic lumbar sacral orthosis (TLSO) as support to spine. After 12 months of treatment osteodensitometry findings were close to normal, control MRI showed no further collapse of vertebral bodies and clinical examination of spine was orderly. Conclusion. PLO is a rare clinical condition and it must be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis in patients having low back pain during or after pregnancy. Early diagnosis and treatment of PLO and regular follow-up of these cases are particularly important. The the stability of the spine in patients with vertebral fractures must be carefully monitored as well as using the TLSO as a support for the spine.
34
I Nyoman Semita, Ni Njoman Juliasih, Azham Purwandhono, Astuti Setyawardani, and Muhammad Yuda Nugraha. "Spinal Cord Injury in Tuberculous Spinal Epidural Abscess Patient with Deficiency of Vitamin D : A Case Report with Literature Review." Bali Medical Journal 11, no. 3 (November 1, 2022): 1478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v11i3.3008.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Spinal cord injury is not only caused by trauma but also by non-trauma, such as spinal epidural abscess (SEA). Tuberculous SEA is a rare infectious disorder, a delayed diagnosis associated with morbidity and mortality. The problems of tuberculous SEA is not only infection but also neurological deficit, axial back pain, pathological fracture, deformity, and socioeconomic and psychogenic problem. There are a few cases of SEA caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, mostly caused by Staphylococcus aureus with decreasing body’s defense mechanism caused by a deficiency of vitamin D. This study aimed to evaluate the neurological recovery of non-traumatic spinal cord injury caused by spinal tuberculosis with spinal epidural abscess and vitamin D deficiency that treated with vitamin D as an adjuvant. Case Report: A 31-year-old female came to the orthopedic clinic with paraparesis ASIA grade C, axial back pain, and spinal deformity for three months, with vitamin D levels of 15.5 ng/ml. MRI showed epidural abscess at the level of the 10th-11th thoracic vertebrae, spondylodiscitis of the 10th-11th thoracic vertebrae accompanied by paraspinal abscess of the 8th thoracic vertebrae to the 1st lumbar vertebra. The diagnosis was confirmed by cultured and histopathological examination. The treatment was surgery, followed by anti-TB drugs and daily vitamin D 5000 IU for one year. After one year of follow-up, the patient returned to work without a neurological deficit and axial back pain. Conclusion: This report describes the importance of early diagnosis and proper treatment of spinal cord injury in tuberculous SEA with a deficiency of vitamin D.
35
Wimbavitrati, Kusumaning Arumsari, I. Wayan Batan, and I. Made Suma Anthara. "Studi Kasus: Paraplegia Lumbosacral Akibat Traumatik pada Anak Kucing Lokal." Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Peternakan 1, no. 2 (July 26, 2020): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31605/jstp.v1i2.744.
Full textAbstract:
A local female cat who was ±3 months old with a body weight of 1.5 kg presented to hind legs with complaints of being unable to stand. The inspection showed that the cat was not able to stand upright especially on its two hind legs. When palpated, the hind legs muscle tension begins to decrease. Based on the postural examination, pelvic limb reflexes, and nociceptive examinations, it was pointed to an abnormal disturbance in both hind legs and additionally, there was no response anal sphincter area. A series of neurological examinations indicated that the cat had a lumbosacral nerve disorder. Hematological examinations suggesting the anemia indicated. X-ray examination showed the fracture of an os. vertebrae lumbar I. The cat was diagnosed with paraplegia due to a trauma, where the muscles of the body are paralyzed and weak. The prognosis for this case was infausta. Medications and therapies provided were neurotropic vitamins, dexamethasone, and Hemobion®, and train cats to stand and walk every day. After being given treatment for ten days, the cat case did not show any changes in the two hind legs.
36
Rizvi, Ela Haider, Kailash Charokar, and Ajay Kumar Jain. "Ectopic lumbar kidney: a rare presentation." International Surgery Journal 5, no. 10 (September 25, 2018): 3410. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20184099.
Full textAbstract:
Ectopic kidney is a rare developmental anomaly. Such kidneys may be asymptomatic or present with vague symptoms or remain unknown during the lifetime. Early detection and recognition of an ectopic kidney can prevent long-term complications. We report a 70-year-old lady with ectopic right kidney who presented with intermittent episodes of lower abdominal pain since one month 1 month. On clinical evaluation a tender lump was palpable in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. Sonography revealed empty right renal fossa with normally present left kidney. A mass was detected in the right lower abdomen, with probability of ectopic kidney. Further, Multislice computed tomography with 3-D reconstruction demonstrated ectopic right kidney at the level of L4 to L5 lumbar vertebrae. Urine examination revealed pyuria. The patient was managed on empirical antibiotics for UTI with supportive and symptomatic therapy. On the next day, clinically the lump regressed significantly (Dietl's crises) in size, and the tenderness also reduced. The urine culture report grew Escherichia coli. Patients presenting with lower abdominal pain, and a palpable lump in the lower abdomen, one must include ectopic kidney in the differential diagnosis.
37
Islam, Dr S. M. Shahidul, Dr Huihui Li, Dr Md Humayun Kabir, and Sabina Yasmin. "A Case Report on Prolapse Lumbar Intervertebral Disease (PLID) Treatment through Acupuncture Procedure." Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports 10, no. 3 (March 20, 2022): 237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2022.v10i03.017.
Full textAbstract:
Lumbar disc disease is drying out of the spongy interior matrix of an intervertebral disc in the spine. Lumbar disc disease to encompass several different causes of back pain or sciatica term use by many physicians and back pain researchers. It is thought that about one-third of all back pain lumbar disc disease causes. Pain, loss of muscle strength, and loss of touch sensation may occur if this herniation causes the compression of the most proximal part of the nerve closely neighboring the intervertebral disc material. Pain usually is in the distribution of the nerve compressed, down the back of the leg, side of the calf, and inside of the foot which call sciatica. Most commonly, the nerve root between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae or between the fifth lumbar vertebra and first sacral segment have impinged. Adults frequently experience back discomfort and sciatica. These result in a significant reduction in working hours, as well as financial losses for both individuals and the country. To treat these patients, a thorough examination is required. Inadequate treatment, whether medical or surgical, can have serious consequences, make the suffering worse. This case study was initiated in Suo Xi Hospital Limited,Shantinagar, Dhaka. A 43 years old female patient was visited in the clinic complaining of low back discomfort that has been spreading down her left leg for the past two months. The diagnosis was confirmed by MR and CT scan. The results of the follow-up study were excellent. The left leg showed signs of healing after the third day of acupuncture. The patient's lower back pain, which had been spreading down his left leg, was no longer present. Acupuncture can confirmative promote functional recovery for patients with PLID.
38
Abdullaiev, R. Ya, K. M. Ibragimova, I. H. Mamedov, and R. R. Abdullaiev. "DEGENERATIVE DISC DISEASE IN YOUNG PEOPLE. MEDICAL IMAGING TECHNIQUES." International Medical Journal, no. 1 (March 5, 2020): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37436/2308-5274-2020-1-10.
Full textAbstract:
Degenerative changes of intervertebral discs is a very complicated process as a result of interaction of many factors: genetic, environmental, physical activity. Abnormalities in the vertebrae structure create the preconditions for the overload of the vertebral motor segment, which contributes to the spread of degenerative lesions and increases the risk of spinal injuries. Degenerative disc disease is one of the most common causes of back pain. The process of degeneration begins at a young age and in adulthood it often becomes widespread with a predominance of one or another localization. Methods of medical imaging occupy an important place in diagnosis of musculoskeletal pathologies. Radiography assesses the changes only in bone structures, but does not allow the visualization of soft tissues, which include not only the ligaments of the vertebral motor segment, but also the intervertebral discs. Magnetic resonance imaging is the most effective method for diagnosing degenerative changes in intervertebral discs. Possibilities of ultrasound examination in the diagnosis of early stage degenerative disc disease have not been studied enough. There were examined 147 patients aged 18−27 years with clinical and neurological signs of degenerative disease of cervical and lumbar spinal discs. Ultrasonic semiotics showed changes within the pulpal nucleus as an increased echogenicity and displacement back towards the fibrous ring, fibrous ring thinning, which indicated the disc protrusion. In patients with pain in neck and lower back, fragmentary imaging of the fibrous ring and prolapse of the disc contents into the lumen of spinal canal, indicating the development of hernias was found. The presence of herniated discs of cervical and lumbar spine in all cases coincided with the results of magnetic resonance imaging, and protrusion did in 91,4 % of cases. Thus, among medical imaging the ultrasonography is the most accessible and informative method for diagnosing degenerative changes in intervertebral discs of cervical and lumbar spine. Key words: degenerative disc disease, ultrasonography, cervical and lumbar intervertebral discs.
39
Boushab, Boushab Mohamed, Noukhoum Kone, and Leonardo K. Basco. "Contribution of Computed Tomography Scan to the Diagnosis of Spinal Tuberculosis in 14 Cases in Assaba, Mauritania." Radiology Research and Practice 2019 (May 2, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7298301.
Full textAbstract:
Background. The incidence of tuberculosis has increased in recent years in both developed and developing countries. Objective. This retrospective study aimed to review all cases of spinal tuberculosis diagnosed at the Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases in Kiffa Regional Hospital and assess the role of computed tomography (CT) scan in establishing definite diagnosis. Patients and Methods. Data were collected from clinical records of patients admitted to the hospital for rachialgia between August 2016 and July 2018. Results. Fourteen (12.2%) adults with spinal tuberculosis were found among 115 patients with all forms of tuberculosis during the study period. The mean (± standard deviation) age of our patients was 47.5 ± 22.0 years old with male:female (8/6) sex ratio of 1.3. The mean duration of evolution of the disease was 15 months. The presenting signs and symptoms included rachialgia in most patients (93%), associated with segmental spinal stiffness (50%) and/or neurological complications (50%). Diagnosis was established on the basis of clinical history, clinical examination, standard vertebral column radiography, and CT scan. Vertebral imaging showed a clear predominance of lumbar lesions (57%), followed by dorsal (36%) and cervical (7%) involvement. The evolution under treatment was favorable, with the exception of two cases of medullary compression. Conclusion. Spinal tuberculosis is the most common form of osteoarticular tuberculosis. It affects predominantly lumbar and dorsal vertebrae. In the absence of histological confirmation, the presence of back pain associated with major radiological signs of spondylosis disc disease seems to justify the use of CT scan to confirm the diagnosis of this pathology.
40
Ezema, K. U. "Left Atrioventricular (AV) Thrombosis and a Compacted Fracture of Lumber Six and Seven Vertebrae in a Ten Year Old Alsatian Bitch." Journal of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences 4, no. 1 (June 28, 2022): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/jvbs/2202.40.0160.
Full textAbstract:
An edematous ten-year old Alsatian bitch was diagnosed of atrioventricular (AV) obstruction on postmortem examination after managing the case for three days before the death of the bitch. The postmortem also revealed a compacted fracture of the last two lumbar vertebrae. The most common causes of atrio-ventricular obstruction in dogs are cardiac tumors. The diagnosis of cardiac neoplasia is usually based on clinical history, physical examination, Urinalysis, radiographic, and echocardiographic methods. Atrioventricular obstruction causes slow conduction throughout the atrioventricular node with variable prognosis ranging from good to sudden death. In this case report, diagnosis was based on Haematology, Urinalysis, Xray, chemical pathology and postmortem findings. The result of cardiac gross pathology revealed a dark red mass attached to the endocardium just proximal to the aortic valve leaflet. Laboratory findings inclusive of the urinalysis were within the normal range..
41
Kashevarova, N. G., E. A. Taskina, L. I. Alekseeva, N. V. Demin, A. M. Lila, and E. L. Nasonov. "The сhanges of bone mineral density on the risk of progression of osteoarthritis of the knee." Terapevticheskii arkhiv 91, no. 5 (May 15, 2019): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2019.05.000194.
Full textAbstract:
Aim. To find the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and risk of knee OA progression in a 5-year prospective study. Materials and methods. 110 females with knee OA were examined twice with 5-year interval. Examination included filling questionnaires, VAS pain assessment, plain knee radiography and axial skeleton densitometry. I stage knee OA was established in 33 (30%) patients, II stage - in 46 (41.8%), III stage - in 26 (23.6%), and IV - in 5 (4.5%). Normal lumbar vertebrae densitometry BMD values were found in 45 patients (40.9%), osteopenia - corresponding BMD values - in 33 (30.0%), and osteoporosis - in 32 (29.1%). Normal femoral neck BMD values were identified in 60 (54.5%) patients, osteopenia - level BMD - in 48 (43.7%), osteoporosis - in 2 (1.8%). In all premenopausal patients (n=15) axial skeleton BMD values were normal. Results. In 5-year interval radiographic progression was established in 40 patients (Group 2), while in 70 (Group 1) patients no progression occurred. Both groups were comparable in terms of age and disease duration, although, more patients from Group 2 tended to have normal baseline densitometry BMD values - both in lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck: 47.5% vs 37.1%, and 62.5% vs 44.3% as compared to Group 1 patients. Patients from Group 1 more often had BMD values corresponding to osteoporosis and osteopenia: 32.9% vs 22.5%, and 55.7% vs 37.5%, respectively, as compared to Group 2 patients, although not achieving statistical significance. These differences were still identifiable after 5-year interval. Absolute BMD values at the second examination in 5 years were indicative of statistically significant increase in femoral neck and total hip BMD in Group 2 patients with knee OA progression: 0.79±0.11 vs 0.73±0.16, р
42
De Barros, Julia Campos, Larissa Garbelini Valentim, Raira Costa Dias, Alfred Hajime Tanaka Perereira, Giovana Wingeter Di Santis, and Mônica Vicky Bahr Arias. "Excisão cirúrgica de um osteocondroma de raiz nervosa da cauda equina de cão." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 46 (September 22, 2018): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.87491.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Spinal neoplasms are classified into extradural, intradural/extramedullary or intramedullary. Intradural/extramedullary tumors include meningiomas and nerve sheath tumors, which arise from meninges or peripheral nerves around the spinal cord. Clinical signs are related to dysfunction of the involved nerve and include pain, nerve root signature and atrophy. Osteochondromas are benign tumors located within the bone, on its surface or in extra-osseous regions, when they are classified as soft tissue osteochondoma. The aim of this study is to describe a case of an osteochondroma in a nervous root of the cauda equina in a dog, whose surgical resection allowed the resolution of the clinical signs.Case: A 12-year-old, male, Labrador Retriever dog, was presented with a 40-day history of progressive, painful, pelvic limb paresis, with no improvement when treated with analgesics and acupuncture. Neurological abnormalities included paraparesis, sometimes worse in the left pelvic limb, that was carried flexed at the level of the stifle, hindlimb atrophy, decreased interdigital reflexes and pain in the lumbar spinal region, mainly over L6 vertebra. Results of blood count and serum biochemical analysis were unremarkable. Computed tomography (CT) of the lumbosacral area was performed and the evaluation of images in transverse and reconstructed dorsal and sagittal planes allowed the visualization of a hyperattenuating and calcified round structure with 8 mm x 6 mm, in the left side of vertebral canal, at the level of caudal epiphysis of L6. Lumbosacral (L7-S1) CT abnormalities, as subchondral sclerosis, mild disc margin bulging, spondylosis deformans and foraminal proliferation were also observed but were considered clinically insignificant. Then, a dorsal L6 laminectomy was performed and after opening of the vertebral canal it was observed the presence of an ovoid mass, in the left side of the medullary cone, measuring approximately 0.9 cm in length, originating from a sacral nerve root. This structure was excised and submitted to histopathological evaluation. The dog improved after surgery without any complications, and neurological functions were gradually recovered. The histopathology of the mass was confirmed as an osteochondroma.Discussion: The history and neurologic examination findings as well the improvement after surgery were compatible with the lesion visualized by TC in L6, rather than the degenerative changes in L7-S1. Regarding the position of the mass, the main differential would be nerve sheath tumor, one of the most common types of primary neoplasia of the peripheral nervous system, however in a CT study in dogs with brachial plexus and nerve roots neoplasms, calcification of the tumor was not observed. Most of benign cartilaginous tumors of soft tissue are chondromas/osteochondromas, and this lesion should not be confused with multiple osteochondroma or multiple cartilaginous exostoses, which have been reported as multifocal, proliferative lesions involving the surface of ribs, vertebrae and pelvis of young dogs. If this lesion is unique, it is called osteochondroma. There are two reports of chondromas into the first lumbar vertebrae of dogs, with adherence to the floor of the vertebral canal and one report of an osteochondroma originated from the left pedicle of T11 in a cat. Radiculopathy and myelopathy caused by osteochondromas inside the spine are rare in humans and description of this tumor arising from nerve roots were not found in the veterinary literature. Probably the origin of the mass was metaplasia of the meninges surrounding the nervous root. In conclusion, neurological examination, CT and surgical exploration allowed the diagnosis and removal of a soft tissue osteochondroma, a rare benign tumor, with good patient recovery.
43
Khoo, Hau Wei, Ying Ying Chua, and John L. T. Chen. "SalmonellaTyphi Vertebral Osteomyelitis and Epidural Abscess." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2016 (2016): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6798157.
Full textAbstract:
Salmonellavertebral osteomyelitis is an uncommon complication ofSalmonellainfection. We report a case of a 57-year-old transgender male who presented with lower back pain for a period of one month following a fall. Physical examination only revealed tenderness over the lower back with no neurological deficits. MRI of the thoracic and lumbar spine revealed a spondylodiscitis at T10-T11 and T12-L1 and right posterior epidural collection at the T9-T10 level. He underwent decompression laminectomy with segmental instrumentation and fusion of T8 to L3 vertebrae. Intraoperatively, he was found to have acute-on-chronic osteomyelitis in T10 and T11, epidural abscess, and discitis in T12-L1. Tissue and wound culture grewSalmonellaTyphi and with antibiotics susceptibility guidance he was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone for a period of six weeks. He recovered well with no neurological deficits.
44
Adi, E. P., and M. Iqbal. "Comparison of radiograph image information on lumbar vertebrae examination using the application of the anode heel effect theory." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1517 (April 2020): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1517/1/012052.
Full text
45
Belkin, Daniel, Mitchell Belkin, Maedeh Ashrafi, Charan Vegivinti, Yung-Hsien Wang, and Leonidas Palaiodimos. "How Point-of-Care Ultrasound led to a diagnosis of May-Thurner Syndrome." POCUS Journal 6, no. 2 (November 23, 2021): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/pocus.v6i2.15105.
Full textAbstract:
A 65-year-old man with a history of a left-sided inguinal hernia presented with three days of left-sided groin pain worsened with exertion and fatigue. The patient was afebrile but tachycardic, and physical examination revealed a tender, erythematous immobile bulge in his left groin. Laboratory studies revealed leukocytosis. Lymphadenopathy secondary to infectious or inflammatory etiology was suspected. However, point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) identified extensive deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower left limb. Follow-up imaging revealed this to be secondary to May-Thurner syndrome, a mechanical compression of an iliocaval vein against the lumbar vertebrae by a common iliac artery. This report demonstrates how POCUS can be used to identify lower extremity DVT, thereby expediting diagnosis and treatment and potentially preventing complications.
46
Heijckmann, A. Caroline, Maya S. P. Huijberts, Piet Geusens, Jolanda de Vries, Paul P. C. A. Menheere, and Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel. "Hip bone mineral density, bone turnover and risk of fracture in patients on long-term suppressive L-thyroxine therapy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma." European Journal of Endocrinology 153, no. 1 (July 2005): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje.1.01933.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: Untreated hyperthyroidism and treatment with high doses of thyroid hormone are associated with osteoporosis. However, their effect on bone turnover, their contribution to bone mineral density (BMD) in the context of other clinical risk factors for osteoporosis and the prevalence of vertebral fractures is not well documented. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: We studied 59 patients receiving L-thyroxine suppressive therapy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). BMD of the hip was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and lateral DXA pictures of the lumbar and thoracic vertebrae were performed. Bone resorption was measured by C-telopeptides of type I collagen (ICTP) and bone formation by procollagen type I N-propeptide (PINP). Clinical risk factors for osteoporosis were evaluated using a questionnaire. Results: Z-scores of BMD were similar as the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) III reference group in women and men, also after long-term (>10 years) suppression therapy. Patients in the lowest and highest quartile of BMD showed significant differences in the presence of clinical risk factors. ICTP levels were significantly higher than in age-matched controls, PINP levels were not different. We found four patients with a prevalent vertebral fracture. Conclusions: We conclude that patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma are not at increased risk of developing low bone mass nor have a higher prevalence of vertebral fracture at least when treated with relatively low doses of l-thyroxine.
47
He, Yanming, Shujun Zhang, Xueguang Liu, Dong Mao, and Zhenzhong Sun. "Percutaneous Kyphoplasty Guided by CT Images Based on SEPB Algorithm in the Treatment of Elderly Osteoporotic Thoracolumbar Vertebral Compression Fractures." Scientific Programming 2021 (July 23, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6044121.
Full textAbstract:
The paper uses the SEPB algorithm to explore the value of X-ray and CT diagnosis in elderly patients with osteoporotic lumbar compressive fractures, while observing percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in the treatment of elderly osteoporotic compression fractures with clinical efficacy. 38 elderly patients with fractured osteoporotic compression fractures who came to our hospital for treatment were included. All patients were diagnosed by X-ray and CT, the clinical data of all patients were analyzed, the imaging findings related to X-ray and CT diagnosis were clarified, and the diagnostic coincidence rate was analyzed. At the same time, PKP treatment was applied for clinical efficacy and Imaging analysis. And, follow-up was conducted for 2 months after operation. The results showed that compared with the X-ray diagnosis, the accuracy of CT diagnosis was 88.89% (32/38), and the difference between the groups was significant ( P < 0.05 ). 35 cases of low back pain disappeared after operation, and 3 cases of pain were significantly reduced without bone cement leakage. Postoperative imaging examination showed no space occupied in the spinal canal, and kyphosis deformity was significantly improved. The average height of the anterior vertebral column after injury was significantly increased ( P < 0.05 ). The Cobb angle returned to normal level, which was statistically significant compared with that before the operation ( P < 0.05 ). In conclusion, in the diagnosis of elderly patients with osteoporotic lumbar compression fractures, the coincidence rate of CT diagnosis is better than that of X-ray diagnosis. Therefore, the application rate of CT diagnostic methods in diagnosis is higher, which provides an effective basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. PKP surgery is less invasive, safe, and has good clinical efficacy. It can quickly relieve pain and effectively restore the height of injured vertebrae. It is an ideal treatment method for elderly osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures.
48
Liyew, Worku Abie. "Clinical Presentations of Lumbar Disc Degeneration and Lumbosacral Nerve Lesions." International Journal of Rheumatology 2020 (August 29, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2919625.
Full textAbstract:
Lumbar disc degeneration is defined as the wear and tear of lumbar intervertebral disc, and it is mainly occurring at L3-L4 and L4-S1 vertebrae. Lumbar disc degeneration may lead to disc bulging, osteophytes, loss of disc space, and compression and irritation of the adjacent nerve root. Clinical presentations associated with lumbar disc degeneration and lumbosacral nerve lesion are discogenic pain, radical pain, muscular weakness, and cutaneous. Discogenic pain is usually felt in the lumbar region, or sometimes, it may feel in the buttocks, down to the upper thighs, and it is typically presented with sudden forced flexion and/or rotational moment. Radical pain, muscular weakness, and sensory defects associated with lumbosacral nerve lesions are distributed on lower extremities, the buttock, lower abdomen, and groin region. A lumbosacral plexus lesion presents different symptoms in the territories of the lumbar and sacral nerves. Patients with lumbar plexus lesion clinically present with weakness of hip flexion, knee extension, thigh adduction, and sensory loss in the lower abdomen, inguinal region, and over the entire medial, lateral, and anterior surfaces of the thigh and the medial lower leg, while sacral plexus lesion presents clinical symptoms at nerve fibers destined for the sciatic nerve, common peroneal nerve, and pudendal nerve. Weakness of ankle inversion, plantar flexion, and foot drop are the main clinical manifestations of the sacral plexus lesion area. Numbness and decreased sensation are also present along the anterolateral calf and dorsum of the foot. On examination, foot eversion is usually stronger than foot dorsiflexion. The patients may also present with pain and difficulty of bowel movements, sexual dysfunction assessments, and loss of cutaneous sensation in the areas of the anal canal, anus, labia major, labia minor, clitoris, penis, and scrotum.
49
Hurtado-Avilés, José, Vicente J. León-Muñoz, Pilar Andújar-Ortuño, Fernando Santonja-Renedo, Mónica Collazo-Diéguez, Mercedes Cabañero-Castillo, Ana Belén Ponce-Garrido, et al. "Validity and Absolute Reliability of Axial Vertebral Rotation Measurements in Thoracic and Lumbar Vertebrae." Applied Sciences 11, no. 23 (November 23, 2021): 11084. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112311084.
Full textAbstract:
Axial vertebral rotation (AVR) and Cobb angles are the essential parameters to analyse different types of scoliosis, including adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The literature shows significant discrepancies in the validity and reliability of AVR measurements taken in radiographic examinations, according to the type of vertebra. This study’s scope evaluated the validity and absolute reliability of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae AVR measurements, using a validated software based on Raimondi’s method in digital X-rays that allowed measurement with minor error when compared with other traditional, manual methods. Twelve independent evaluators measured AVR on the 74 most rotated vertebrae in 42 X-rays with the software on three separate occasions, with one-month intervals. We have obtained a gold standard for the AVR of vertebrae. The validity and reliability of the measurements of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae were studied separately. Measurements that were performed on lumbar vertebrae were shown to be 3.6 times more valid than those performed on thoracic, and with almost an equal reliability (1.38° ± 1.88° compared to −0.38° ± 1.83°). We can conclude that AVR measurements of the thoracic vertebrae show a more significant Mean Bias Error and a very similar reliability than those of the lumbar vertebrae.
50
Salamat, Mohammad Reza, Amir Hossein Salamat, Iraj Abedi, and Mohsen Janghorbani. "Relationship between Weight, Body Mass Index, and Bone Mineral Density in Men Referred for Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Scan in Isfahan, Iran." Journal of Osteoporosis 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/205963.
Full textAbstract:
Objective.Although several studies have investigated the association between body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral density (BMD), the results are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to further investigate the relation between BMI, weight and BMD in an Iranian men population.Methods.A total of 230 men 50-79 years old were examined. All men underwent a standard BMD scans of hip (total hip, femoral neck, trochanter, and femoral shaft) and lumbar vertebrae (L2-L4) using a Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan and examination of body size. Participants were categorised in two BMI group: normal weight <25.0 kg/m2and overweight and obese, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2.Results.Compared to men with BMI ≥ 25, the age-adjusted odds ratio of osteopenia was 2.2 (95% CI 0.85, 5.93) and for osteoporosis was 4.4 (1.51, 12.87) for men with BMI < 25. It was noted that BMI and weight was associated with a high BMD, compatible with a diagnosis of osteoporosis.Conclusions.These data indicate that both BMI and weight are associated with BMD of hip and vertebrae and overweight and obesity decreased the risk for osteoporosis. The results of this study highlight the need for osteoporosis prevention strategies in elderly men as well as postmenopausal women.