Journal articles on the topic 'Lumbar Spine Bone Mineral Density'
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1
Zaytseva, E. M., A. V. Smirnov, L. I. Alekseeva, E. M. Zaitseva, A. V. Smirnov, and L. I. Alekseeva. "Interrelation of bone mineral density with kneeosteoarthrosis." Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases 14, no. 1 (April 15, 2011): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/osteo2011119-20.
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Association of bone mineral density (BMD) of axial skeleton with age of the disease onset as well as with clinical traits and instrumental investigation findings has been studied in osteoarthritic patients. 116 females with primary knee OA, 74 ofwhich exhibited normal or increased BMD at lumbar spine and 42, with osteoporosis were included in the study. Knee joint pain was measured using visual analog scale (VAS). All the patients were subjected to X-ray analysis of their knee joints at two sites (OA stage was determined according to Kellgren-Lawrence scale), densitometry at lumbar spine and proximal femur using QDR-4500W (Hologic), MRT, and ultrasonography of the knee joints. We determined that the increasedBMD at lumbar spine was associated with early OA onset, more pronounced X-ray changes in the knee joints and higher frequency of varus deformation development in tibial bones.
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Paiva, Lúcia Costa, Silvana Filardi, Aarão Mendes Pinto-Neto, Adil Samara, and João Francisco Marques Neto. "Impact of degenerative radiographic abnormalities and vertebral fractures on spinal bone density of women with osteoporosis." Sao Paulo Medical Journal 120, no. 1 (January 3, 2002): 09–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-31802002000100003.
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CONTEXT: Measurements of bone density taken by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry are the most accurate procedure for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. This procedure has the disadvantage of measuring the density of all mineral components, including osteophytes, vascular and extra vertebral calcifications. These alterations can influence bone density results and densitometry interpretation. OBJECTIVE: To correlate radiography and densitometry findings from women with osteoporosis, analyzing the influence of degenerative processes and vertebral fractures on the evaluation of bone density. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Osteoporosis outpatients' clinic at Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. PARTICIPANTS: Ninety-six postmenopausal women presenting osteoporosis diagnosed by bone density. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were measured by the technique of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, using a LUNAR-DPX densitometer. Fractures, osteophytes and aortic calcifications were evaluated by simple x-rays of the thoracic and lumbar spine. RESULTS: The x-rays confirmed vertebral fractures in 41.6%, osteophytes in 33.3% and calcifications of the aorta in 30.2%. The prevalence of fractures and aortic calcifications increased with age. The mean bone mineral density was 0.783g/cm² and the mean T-score was --3.47 DP. Neither fractures nor aortic calcifications had significant influence on bone mineral density (P = 0.36 and P = 0.09, respectively), despite the fractured vertebrae having greater bone mineral density (P < 0.02). Patients with lumbar spine osteophytes showed greater bone mineral density (P = 0.04). Osteophytosis was associated with lumbar spine bone mineral density after adjustment for fractures and aortic calcifications by multiple regression (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Osteophytes and lumbar spine fractures can overestimate bone density interpretation. The interpretation of densitometry results should be carried out together with the interpretation of a simple lumbar spine x-ray in elderly women.
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Garcia Alves Junior, Paulo Alonso, Daniel Luis Gilban Schueftan, Laura Maria Carvalho de Mendonça, Maria Lucia Fleiuss Farias, and Izabel Calland Ricarte Beserra. "Bone Mineral Density in Children and Adolescents with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia." International Journal of Endocrinology 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/806895.
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Chronic glucocorticoid therapy is associated with reduced bone mineral density. In paediatric patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, increased levels of androgens could not only counteract this effect, but could also advance bone age, with interference in the evaluation of densitometry. We evaluate bone mineral density in paediatric patients with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia taking into account chronological and bone ages at the time of the measurement. Patients aged between 5 and 19 years underwent radiography of the hand and wrist followed by total body and lumbar spine densitometry. Chronological and bone ages were used in the scans interpretation. In fourteen patients, mean bone mineral densityZ-score of total body to bone age was −0.76 and of lumbar spine to bone age was −0.26, lower than those related to chronological age (+0.03 and +0.62, resp.). MeanZ-score differences were statistically significant (P=0.004for total body andP=0.003for lumbar spine). One patient was classified as having low bone mineral density only when assessed by bone age. We conclude that there was a reduction in the bone mineral densityZ-score in classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia paediatric patients when bone age was taken into account instead of chronological age.
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Lestari, Sri, and Rini Widyaningrum. "Hubungan fraksi area trabekula anterior mandibula dengan kepadatan tulang lumbar spine untuk deteksi dini osteoporosis." Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia 3, no. 1 (October 31, 2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.13207.
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The relationship of anterior mandible trabecular area with bone mass density of lumbar spine for early detection of osteoporosis. Bone mineral density is an indicator of osteoporosis, including the bone mineral density of lumbar spine. The decrease of lumbar spine bone mass density will cause an alteration in another site, including the mandibular. The aim of this research is to determine the predictor of lumbar spine bone mineral density using trabecular bone image of anterior mandible on periapical radiographs. The research was conducted by extracting the area fraction at mandible trabecular bone using digital periapical radiograph from 25 subjects. Canny edge detection was used in digital image processing for each radiograph. The regions of interest were selected from the image obtained by canny edge detection, so that the area fraction could be measured. A linier regression test was applied to determine a relationship between the area fractions of mandible trabecular bone with the bone mineral density of lumbar spine. The result of linear regression test showed that the area fraction of mandible trabecular bone had a moderate negative correlation with bone mass density of lumbar spine (α = 0.046; R = -0.403). The direction of the correlation was negative (b = -0.145). The area fraction of mandible trabecular bone on periapical radiographs could be used as the predictor for bone mass density of lumbar spine.ABSTRAKKepadatan tulang merupakan indikator osteoporosis, salah satu diantaranya adalah kepadatan tulang pada lumbar spine. Penurunan kepadatan tulang pada lumbar spine mempengaruhi kondisi tulang lain, termasuk tulang rahang bawah (mandibula). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan prediktor densitas mineral tulang menggunakan citra radiograf periapikal tulang trabekula pada regio anterior rahang bawah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan ekstraksi fraksi area tulang trabekula mandibula yang tercitrakan pada radiograf periapikal digital dari 25 subjek. Pengolahan citra digital pada radiograf periapikal dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deteksi tepi canny terhadap masing-masing citra radiograf. Region of Interest diseleksi dari citra hasil deteksi canny, sehingga dapat dilakukan pengukuran fraksi area. Uji regresi linier dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara nilai fraksi area trabekula mandibula dengan tingkat kepadatan tulang pada lumbar spine. Hasil uji regresi linier menunjukkan bahwa nilai fraksi area trabekula mandibula berkorelasi negatif dengan kepadatan tulang dengan kekuatan sedang (α = 0,046; R = -0,403). Adapun arah korelasi antara nilai fraksi area trabekula mandibula dengan kepadatan tulang adalah negatif (b = -0,145). Fraksi area tulang trabekula pada citra radiograf periapikal dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor kepadatan tulang pada lumbar spine.
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Blake, Jennifer M., Eamonn D. Ryan, Lesley F. Beaumont, and Colin E. Webber. "Changes in spine and radius bone density during long-term hormone replacement." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 77, no. 7 (August 1, 1999): 505–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y99-051.
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Lumbar spine and mid-radius bone mineral density was measured repeatedly in 48 postmenopausal women who completed 7 years of taking either a 500 mg·day-1 calcium supplement (n = 22) or calcium supplementation with hormone replacement therapy. The hormone replacement was either a low dose (n = 15) or a moderate dose (n = 11) regime. The purpose of the measurements was to establish the long-term pattern of change in bone mineral mass produced by continued hormone replacement. The calcium-only group lost bone mineral mass at the radius, while at the spine, bone was preserved. Low dose hormone replacement preserved radius bone. Moderate dose replacement increased bone mineral mass at the spine and preserved radius bone.Key words: calcium supplementation, long-term hormone replacement, lumbar spine bone mineral density, radius bone mineral density.
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Luo, Yixue, Chenyu Luo, Yuhui Cai, Tianyun Jiang, Tianhong Chen, Wenyue Xiao, Junchao Guo, and Yubo Fan. "Analysis of Bone Mineral Density/Content of Paratroopers and Hoopsters." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6030624.
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The different mechanical stimulus affects the bone mass and bone strength. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of landing posture of the hoopster and paratrooper on the bone mass. In this study, 39 male participants were recruited including 13 paratroopers, 13 hoopsters, and 13 common students (control groups). Bone area (BA), BMD and BMC of calcaneus, and 1–5th of the metatarsus, hip, and lumbar spine (L1–L4) were measured by the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Also, the vertical ground reaction forces (GRFs) of hoopsters and paratroopers were measured by the landing of 1.2 m 3D force platform. BA of hoopsters at the calcaneus, lumbar spine, and hip were significantly higher than the control group. The lumbar spine, hip, calcaneus, the 1st and 2nd metatarsals, BMC of paratroopers, and control groups were significantly lower than hoopsters. BMD of the lumbar spine, hip, and right and left femoral necks in hoopsters were significantly higher than the other participants. BMC and BMD of lower limber showed no significant difference between paratroopers and the control group. Besides, peak GRFs of paratroopers (11.06 times of BW) were significantly higher than hoopsters (6.49 times of BW). The higher GRF in the landing train is not always in accordance with higher BMD and BMC. Variable loads in hoopsters can improve bone remodeling and play an important role in bone expansions for trabecular bones. This will be considered by the method of training to prevent bone loss.
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Kenis, Vladimir M., Andrei V. Sapogovskiy, Tatyana N. Prokopenko, Artur N. Bergaliev, Stanislav V. Ivanov, and Tatyana I. Kiseleva. "Bone mineral density in children with cerebral palsy and Spina Bifida treated with ibandronate." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 8, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors33961.
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Background. Bisphosphonates have become a common method for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in children with neuromuscular diseases.
Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the mid-term changes of bone mineral density in patients with cerebral palsy and spina bifida treated with ibandronic acid.
Materials and methods. Thirty-four patients were examined and treated: 19 children with cerebral palsy (GMFCS levels IIIIV) and 15 children with spina bifida (thoracic and upper lumbar neurosegmental levels), mean age 9.8 2.9 years. Ibandronic acid was administered to all patients (3 consecutive intravenous infusions, 0.1 mg/kg every 34 months). The assessment of bone mineral density was performed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
Results. The Z-score increased from 2.55 to 2.1 (total body less head), and from 2.7 to 1.65 (lumbar spine). Improvement of the Z-score for the lumbar spine was noted after the first infusion, and for the whole body after the first two infusions.
Conclusion. Ibandronic acid infusions improved the bone mineral density in children with cerebral palsy and spina bifida for both the whole body and the lumbar spine. Given the data obtained, weight-bearing exercises can be recommended three months after the first infusion, and dynamic exercises can be performed, preferably after six months.
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Sheth, Raj D., Gerald R. Hobbs, Jack E. Riggs, and Sharon Penney. "Bone Mineral Density in Geographically Diverse Adolescent Populations." Pediatrics 98, no. 5 (November 1, 1996): 948–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.98.5.948.
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Objective. Measure bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy Newfoundland adolescents and determine whether BMD is comparable in geographically diverse adolescent populations. Study design. Lumbar spine BMD was measured by dual-energy radiograph absorptiometry in 26 healthy adolescents between ages 8 and 20 years. The age and gender of these subjects were used to predict BMD from equations derived from normative BMD data in six geographically diverse populations. The actual BMD value obtained for each subject was then compared with each of the six predicted BMD values for that adolescent using the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test. Results. Actual lumbar spine BMD in Newfoundland adolescents was not significantly different from that predicted by age and gender if they were from California, Finland, France, North Carolina, and Switzerland. Only the prediction based on the Spanish population resulted in a 4% greater BMD than was actually measured in the Newfoundland adolescents. Conclusions. Lumbar spine BMD measurements for most healthy adolescent populations, as in adults, are comparable despite geographic diversity. Thus, generation of institution-specific normative BMD data may not be necessary for most adolescent populations.
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Trombetti, Andrea, Laura Richert, François R. Herrmann, Thierry Chevalley, Jean-Daniel Graf, and René Rizzoli. "Selective Determinants of Low Bone Mineral Mass in Adult Women with Anorexia Nervosa." International Journal of Endocrinology 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/897193.
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We investigated the relative effect of amenorrhea and insulin-like growth factor-I (sIGF-I) levels on cancellous and cortical bone density and size. We investigated 66 adult women with anorexia nervosa. Lumbar spine and proximal femur bone mineral density was measured by DXA. We calculated bone mineral apparent density. Structural geometry of the spine and the hip was determined from DXA images. Weight and BMI, but not height, as well as bone mineral content and density, but not area and geometry parameters, were lower in patients with anorexia nervosa as compared with the control group. Amenorrhea, disease duration, and sIGF-I were significantly associated with lumbar spine and proximal femur BMD. In a multiple regression model, we found that sIGF-I was the only significant independent predictor of proximal femur BMD, while duration of amenorrhea was the only factor associated with lumbar spine BMD. Finally, femoral neck bone mineral apparent density, but not hip geometry variables, was correlated with sIGF-I. In anorexia nervosa, spine BMD was related to hypogonadism, whereas sIGF-I predicted proximal femur BMD. The site-specific effect of sIGF-I could be related to reduced volumetric BMD rather than to modified hip geometry.
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Rutherford, O. M. "Spine and total body bone mineral density in amenorrheic endurance athletes." Journal of Applied Physiology 74, no. 6 (June 1, 1993): 2904–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.74.6.2904.
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Lumbar spine, total body, and regional bone mineral densities (BMDs) were measured in eumenorrheic and amenorrheic runners and triathletes by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (Lunar DPX). Values were also compared with age- and weight-matched reference data from the Lunar British database. The amenorrheic group had significantly lower lumbar spine (P = 0.003), arm (P = 0.018), trunk (P = 0.014), and total spine (P < 0.0001) BMDs compared with the eumenorrheic group and significantly lower lumbar (P = 0.002) and total spine (P < 0.001) values compared with the reference controls. Leg (P = 0.009) and arm (P < 0.001) densities were significantly higher than controls. All regions, apart from the lumbar spine, were significantly higher in the eumenorrheic group compared with the reference group. There were no within-group differences for the runners and triathletes. Compared with the eumenorrheic athletes, the amenorrheic women had significantly later age of menarche (P = 0.0032). The type of physical activity undertaken by these athletes can compensate for the loss of menses at the majority of skeletal sites with the exception of the spine.
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Tobias, J. H., D. G. Cook, T. J. Chambers, and N. Dalzell. "A Comparison of Bone Mineral Density between Caucasian, Asian and Afro-Caribbean Women." Clinical Science 87, no. 5 (November 1, 1994): 587–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0870587.
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1. We analysed the lumbar spine (L2-L4) and femoral neck bone mineral density results of Caucasian (n = 2232), Asian (Indian sub-continent) (n = 153) and Afro-Caribbean (n = 102) women referred for bone densitometry over a 30 month period. To assess the risk of osteoporosis, the results of Caucasian and Asian women were compared with those of a reference Caucasian population supplied by Lunar. 2. Subject characteristics were similar in all three groups, other than expected ethnic differences in stature and weight. We found that lumbar spine and femoral neck bone mineral density in Caucasians was lower than in Afro-Caribbeans, but higher than in Asians. Consistent with this, bone mineral density was also lower in Asians as compared with the reference Caucasian population, both at the lumbar spine and femoral neck. As a consequence, a higher proportion of Asian women were classified as being at increased risk of osteoporosis than Caucasian women. 3. Since ethnic differences in skeletal size might influence bone mineral density, we also obtained values for bone mineral content in Caucasian and Asian women that were corrected for projected skeletal area, and weight and years since menopause, using regression equations derived from the Caucasian study population. After this analysis, the difference in bone mineral content between Caucasians and Asians at the lumbar spine disappeared, while that at the femoral neck persisted. 4. We conclude that the assessment of risk of osteoporosis in Asian women by comparing bone mineral density with a reference Caucasian population may have limited validity because of the influence of skeletal size on such measurements.
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Jones, Alicia R., Koen Simons, Susan Harvey, and Vivian Grill. "Bone Mineral Density Compared to Trabecular Bone Score in Primary Hyperparathyroidism." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 2 (January 10, 2022): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11020330.
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Individuals with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) have reduced bone mineral density (BMD) according to dual X-ray absorptiometry at cortical sites, with relative sparing of trabecular BMD. However, fracture risk is increased at all sites. Trabecular bone score (TBS) may more accurately describe their bone quality and fracture risk. This study compared how BMD and TBS describe bone quality in PHPT. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study with a longitudinal component, of adults with PHPT, admitted to a tertiary hospital in Australia over ten years. The primary outcome was the TBS at the lumbar spine, compared to BMD, to describe bone quality and predict fractures. Secondary outcomes compared changes in TBS after parathyroidectomy. Of 68 included individuals, the mean age was 65.3 years, and 79% were female. Mean ± SD T-scores were −1.51 ± 1.63 at lumbar spine and mean TBS was 1.19 ± 0.12. Only 20.6% of individuals had lumbar spine BMD indicative of osteoporosis, while 57.4% of TBS were ≤1.20, indicating degraded architecture. There was a trend towards improved fracture prediction using TBS compared to BMD which did not reach statistical significance. Comparison of 15 individuals following parathyroidectomy showed no improvement in TBS.
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Snead, D. B., A. Weltman, J. Y. Weltman, W. S. Evans, J. D. Veldhuis, M. M. Varma, C. D. Teates, E. A. Dowling, and A. D. Rogol. "Reproductive hormones and bone mineral density in women runners." Journal of Applied Physiology 72, no. 6 (June 1, 1992): 2149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1992.72.6.2149.
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We examined the relationships among reproductive hormone concentrations and bone mineral density (BMD) in 43 women runners classified as eumenorrheic (n = 24), oligomenorrheic (n = 8), or amenorrheic (n = 11). Results were compared with a eumenorrheic nonrunner control group (n = 11). Serum 17 beta-estradiol, progesterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentrations were determined in daily blood samples for 21 days, and integrated concentrations (areas under the curve) were calculated. BMD was assessed at the lumbar spine and proximal femur by dual-photon absorptiometry. As expected, 17 beta-estradiol, progesterone, and lumbar spine BMD were higher in the control and eumenorrheic runner groups than in the oligomenorrheic and amenorrheic runner groups (P less than 0.05). Progesterone concentration was significantly correlated with lumbar spine BMD in the eumenorrheic runners (r = 0.61). None of the steroid hormones was significantly related to BMD in the oligomenorrheic/amenorrheic group. The present data suggest that circulating levels of gonadal steroid hormones affect axial BMD in eumenorrheic runners.
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Widyaningrum, Rini, Sri Lestari, and Ferry Jie. "Image Analysis of Periapical Radiograph for Bone Mineral Density Prediction." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 4 (August 1, 2018): 2083. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2083-2090.
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<span>Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease. Parameter from any bone site in the body has possibility to be developed as a predictor of osteoporosis. The alteration in the mandible trabecular bone is visible in periapical radiographs. The aim of this study was to correlate the area parameter and the integrated density of periapical radiograph with bone mineral density. Image analysis of periapical radiograph i.e. measurement of area parameter and integrated density was done on Region of Interest (ROI) by using canny edge detection method. Result of this study showed that the area parameter has asignificant (α<0.05) negative correlation with the bone mass density (BMD) of the lumbar spine (r = -0.371) and T-score of the lumbar spine (r = -0.383). The linear regression test showed that the area parameter only can be used to predict T-score of the lumbar spine (F=5.822, α<0.05). The integrated density showed a significant (α < 0.05) negative correlation with T-score of hip (r = -0.332) and T-score of lumbar spine (r = -0.377). It can be concluded that the area parameter can be used as one of input parameters for computer-aided system of osteoporosis early detection by using periapical radiograph.</span>
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Muraduzzaman, S. M., S. Begum, S. Ali, S. Sultana, M. Saiedullah, and F. Alam. "Association between Bone Mineral Density and Hypertension in Postmenopausal Women." European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 3, no. 4 (August 6, 2021): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2021.3.4.980.
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Background: Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a common disorder in the elderly and found to be most prevalent in postmenopausal women which are thought to be associated with several factors including hypertension, however, results are inconsistent in different studies.
Aim of the study: This study aimed to explore the association between BMD and hypertension in postmenopausal women.
Methods and materials: In this study, total 76 postmenopausal women were included. BMD was determined at the lumbar spine and femoral neck by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Anthropometric data and status of hypertension and diabetes were collected according to a pre-structured questioner.
Results: Age (mean±SD) of the postmenopausal women was 57±9 years. Among them, 46 (60.5%) subjects were hypertensive and 30 (39.5%) were normotensive. Bone mineral density (g/cm2) in normotensive women and in hypertensive women were 0.79±0.15 vs 0.74±0.15 (p=0.160) at lumbar spine; 0.70±0.12 vs 0.69±0.13 (p=0.271) at right femoral neck and 0.73±0.15 vs 0.71±0.13 (p=0.592), respectively. T-scores at lumbar spine, right and left femoral neck in normotensive and hypertensive postmenopausal women were -2.28±1.37 vs -2.75±1.35 (p=0.153), -1.70±1.16 vs -1.95±1.07 (p=0.363) and -1.82±0.95 vs -1.93±1.01 (p=0.632) respectively. On multiple regression analysis, BMD and T-score only at lumbar spine showed inverse association with hypertension (β=-0.069, p=0.045; β=-0.612, p=0.050) on adjusting confounding variables.
Conclusion: Hypertension is independently associated with BMD and T-score measured from the lumbar spine but not with BMD and T-score measured from the femoral neck in postmenopausal women.
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Figueiredo, Fátima Aparecida Ferreira, Cynthia Brandão, Renata de Mello Perez, Walnei Fernandes Barbosa, and Mario Kondo. "Low bone mineral density in noncholestatic liver cirrhosis: prevalence, severity and prediction." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 40, no. 3 (September 2003): 152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-28032003000300004.
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BACKGROUND: Metabolic bone disease has long been associated with cholestatic disorders. However, data in noncholestatic cirrhosis are relatively scant. AIMS: To determine prevalence and severity of low bone mineral density in noncholestatic cirrhosis and to investigate whether age, gender, etiology, severity of underlying liver disease, and/or laboratory tests are predictive of the diagnosis. PATIENTS/METHODS: Between March and September/1998, 89 patients with noncholestatic cirrhosis and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. All subjects underwent standard laboratory tests and bone densitometry at lumbar spine and femoral neck by dual X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: Bone mass was significantly reduced at both sites in patients compared to controls. The prevalence of low bone mineral density in noncholestatic cirrhosis, defined by the World Health Organization criteria, was 78% at lumbar spine and 71% at femoral neck. Bone density significantly decreased with age at both sites, especially in patients older than 50 years. Bone density was significantly lower in post-menopausal women patients compared to pre-menopausal and men at both sites. There was no significant difference in bone mineral density among noncholestatic etiologies. Lumbar spine bone density significantly decreased with the progression of liver dysfunction. No biochemical variable was significantly associated with low bone mineral density. CONCLUSIONS: Low bone mineral density is highly prevalent in patients with noncholestatic cirrhosis. Older patients, post-menopausal women and patients with severe hepatic dysfunction experienced more advanced bone disease. The laboratory tests routinely determined in patients with liver disease did not reliably predict low bone mineral density.
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Ziad, Alishbah, Madiha Saeed Wahla, Nimra Riaz, Salma Gul, Muhammad Mahad Umar Lodhi, and Suraya Bano. "OSTEOPOROSIS WITHIN A COHORT OF POSTMENOPAUSAL PAKISTANI WOMEN USING DUAL X-RAY BONE DENSITOMETRY." KHYBER MEDICAL UNIVERSITY JOURNAL 14, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 193–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.35845/kmuj.2021.21685.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis within a cohort of Pakistani postmenopausal women with respect to the lumbar spine and hip.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Shifa International Hospital Islamabad, Pakistan from September 2019 to Feb 2020. Study comprised of 237 postmenopausal females who visited the outpatient department of the hospital. The T-scores of Bone Mineral density (BMD) data was collected and arranged in three groups: normal, osteopenia and osteoporosis. Data was analyzed to explore the distribution of the data and correlation analyses using R software version 3.6.3.
RESULTS: Out of 237 females, majority were ranging in age from 61-70 years (n=110; 46.4%), followed by 51-60 years age group (n=60; 25.3%). Osteopenia was noted in 98 (41.4%) cases in lumber spine and hip area. Osteoporosis was found in 79 (33.3%) and 59 (24.9%) cases in lumber spine and hip region respectively. Mean T score was -1.775±-2.000 and median T score was -1.469 for lumber spine and hip. T-scores distribution of lumbar spine and hip indicated the highest proportion having a sore of -2 SD (n=60; 25.3% each), followed by -3 SD in 52 (21.9%) cases. Bone mass density was negatively correlated with age (p≤0.01). However, no significant difference was found among the BMD values of lumbar spine and hip region.
CONCLUSION: Decreased bone density was a common occurrence affecting postmenopausal females and there is increase in degenerative bone loss with increasing age. Hip and lumbar spine region are equally affected by degenerative bone loss.
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Vanacor, Roberta, Fabiana V. Raimundo, Natália A. Marcondes, Bruno P. Corte, Aline M. Ascoli, Aline Z. de Azambuja, Luciano Scopel, et al. "Prevalence of low bone mineral density in adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis." Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 60, no. 1 (February 2014): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.60.01.012.
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Objective The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the prevalence of low bone mass density in cystic fibrosis patients as well as to evaluate the factors associated with bone mass in such patients. Methods Bone mass density was measured by dual-photon X-ray absorptiometry of lumbar spine (L1-L4), in patients ≤19 years old, or lumbar spine and femur (total and neck) in patients ≥20 years old. Evaluations of nutritional status, biochemical parameters, and lung function were performed. Medication data were obtained from medical records. Results Fifty-eight patients were included in the study (25 males/ 33 females), mean age 23.9 years (16-53years). The prevalence of bone mass below the expected range for age at any site was 20.7%. None of the subjects had history of fracture. Lumbar spine Z-score in cystic fibrosis patients correlated positively with body mass index (r= 0.3, p=0.001), and forced expiratory volume in the first second (% predicted) (r=0.415, p=0.022). Mean lumbar spine Z-score was higher in women (p=0.001), in patients with no pancreatic insufficiency (p=0.032), and in patients with no hospitalization in the last 3 months (p=0.02). After multivariate analysis, body mass index (p= 0.001) and sex (p=0.001) were independently associated with Z-score in lumbar spine. Conclusion Low bone mass is a frequent problem in patients with CF, being independently associated with body mass index, and male sex.
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Halper-Stromberg, Eitan, Tyler Gallo, Anagha Champakanath, Iman Taki, Marian Rewers, Janet Snell-Bergeon, Brigitte I. Frohnert, and Viral N. Shah. "Bone Mineral Density across the Lifespan in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 105, no. 3 (November 2, 2019): 746–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgz153.
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Abstract Context Fracture risk in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is higher than their peers without diabetes. Objective To compare bone mineral density (BMD) across the lifespan in individuals with T1D and age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Subjects (5–71 years) with T1D and matched controls from ongoing research studies at Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes. Patients or other participants Participants with lumbar spine BMD by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were divided into 2 groups: children ≤20 years and adults >20 years. Intervention None. Main outcome measures Comparison of BMD by diabetes status across age groups and sex using a linear least squares model adjusted for age and body mass index (body mass index (BMI) for adults; and BMI z-score in children). Results Lumbar spine BMD from 194 patients with T1D and 156 controls were analyzed. There was no difference in age- and BMI-adjusted lumbar spine BMD between patients with T1D and controls: among male children (least squares mean ± standard error of the mean [LSM ± SEM]; 0.80 ± 0.01 vs 0.80 ± 0.02 g/cm2, P = .98) or adults (1.01 ± 0.03 vs 1.01 ± 0.03 g/cm2, P = .95), and female children (0.78 ± 0.02 vs 0.81 ± 0.02 g/cm2, P = .23) or adults (0.98 ± 0.02 vs 1.01 ± 0.02 g/cm2, P = .19). Lumbar spine (0.98 ± 0.02 vs 1.04 ± 0.02 g/cm2, P = .05), femoral neck (0.71 ± 0.02 vs 0.79 ± 0.02 g/cm2, P = .003), and total hip (0.84 ± 0.02 vs 0.91 ± 0.02, P = .005) BMD was lower among postmenopausal women with T1D than postmenopausal women without diabetes. Conclusion Across age groups, lumbar spine BMD was similar in patients with T1D compared with age- and sex-matched participants without diabetes, except postmenopausal females with T1D had lower lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip BMD.
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Foster, Bernadette L., Jeff W. Walkley, and Viviene A. Temple. "Bone Mineral Density Status of Women with Intellectual Disability." Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 18, no. 1 (January 2001): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/apaq.18.1.49.
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The purpose of this study was to describe and compare the bone mineral density of women with intellectual disability (WID) and a comparison group (WOID) matched for age and sex. One hundred and five women, ages 21 to 39, M = 29, were tested for their bone mineral density levels at the lumbar spine and three sites of the proximal femur using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. No significant difference between groups existed (λ = 0.94, F(4, 98) = 1.68, p = .16, η2 = .06); however, one-sample t tests revealed that bone mineral density for the WID group (n = 35) was significantly lower than zero at the Ward’s triangle (p < .01) and the lumbar spine (p < .05). Approximately one-quarter of WID had low bone density at these two sites, suggesting that WID may be at risk of osteoporotic fracture as they age.
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Zonunsanga, C., Hmingthanmawii LNU, Minggam Pertin, Chongreilen Chiru, Romi Singh Nongmaithem, and Yengkhom Jotin Singh. "Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Women and Its Correlation with Bone Mineral Density." Indian Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 26, no. 3 (2015): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/ijopmr-26-3-58.
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Abstract Aim To evaluate the quality of life in postmenopausal women and its correlation with bone mineral density. Study design Cross-sectional study. Duration of the study October 2012 to September 2014. Settings Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal. Study population Postmenopausal women who attended the department during the study period. Materials and Methods Quality of life was assessed using WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, a validated brief version of the WHOQOL-100. Bone mineral density (BMD) in the lumbar spine, femoral neck and trochanter were measured using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan – GE Lunar model. Results A total of 125 patients were studied. The mean t-scores in lumbar spine, femoral neck and trochanter were -2.550 ± 1.209, -1.831 ± 0.921 and -1.621 ± 1.064 respectively. The mean BMD (g/cm2) in lumbar spine, femoral neck and trochanter were 0.867 ± 0.144, 0.789 ± 0.131 and 0.682 ± 0.139 respectively. The mean overall WHOQOL score was 57.68±10.07. There were statistically significant positive association of WHOQOL score with the BMDs in lumbar spine, femoral neck and trochanter (p < 0.05). Multivariate regression showed significant relation of overall WHOQOL score with BMD lumbar spine (b=0.229; R2=0.119), BMD femoral neck (b=0.285; R2=0.129), and BMD trochanter (b=0.245; R2=0.119). Conclusion BMDs in the lumbar spine, femoral neck and trochanter had a positive correlation with quality of life scores. BMD also had a good predictive value in determining the quality of life in postmenopausal women.
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Kotaniemi, Antero, Anneli Savolainen, Hannu Kautiainen, and Heikki Kröger. "Estimation of Central Osteopenia in Children With Chronic Polyarthritis Treated With Glucocorticoids." Pediatrics 91, no. 6 (June 1, 1993): 1127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.91.6.1127.
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Study objective. To investigate the degree and determinants of osteopenia in juvenile chronic polyarthritis. Design. Retrospective case-control study of central bone mineral density. Setting. Rheumatism Foundation Hospital and Kuopio University Hospital, Finland. Subjects. A sample of 43 girls aged 7 to 19 with juvenile chronic polyarthritis treated with systemic glucocorticoids and a control sample of 44 healthy girls matched for age. Main outcome measures. Bone mineral density and bone size (width) measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and bone volumetric density calculated as an approximation of true bone density at both the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Results. The girls with juvenile chronic arthritis had reduced bone mineral density, bone size, and bone volumetric density at both the lumbar spine and femoral neck (statistically significant findings, P = .022 for the bone size of the femoral neck and P < .001 for the other parameters). At the spine, the mean bone mineral density was 80%, the mean bone size 89%, and the mean bone volumetric density 89% of the values in the control group. At the femoral neck, the values were 78%, 93%, and 83%, respectively. The groups were matched for age, but the girls with arthritis were smaller and lighter. In the juvenile arthritis group, the femoral bone mineral density and bone volumetric density and the spinal bone width correlated negatively with the mean glucocorticoid dose. Conclusion. Axial bone mineral density is clearly reduced in severe juvenile polyarthritis and is mediated by both decreased bone volumetric density and diminished growth.
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Xue, Shanshan, Yuzheng Zhang, Wenjing Qiao, Qianqian Zhao, Dingjie Guo, Binbin Li, Xue Shen, et al. "An Updated Reference for Calculating Bone Mineral Density T-Scores." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 106, no. 7 (March 18, 2021): e2613-e2621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgab180.
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Abstract Context Bone mineral density (BMD) T-score references may be updated when the peak BMD of the population is unclear and warrants reevaluation. Objective To update BMD T-score references using the peak BMD from the most recent National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. Methods This cross-sectional study used NHANES data from 2005 to 2014. Non-Hispanic White females between the ages of 10 and 40 years (N = 1549) were our target population to estimate peak BMD (SD). Individuals aged ≥ 50 years (N = 5523) were used to compare the percentages of osteoporosis and low bone mass based on existing and updated BMD T-score references. BMD data within the age at attainment of peak BMD ± 5 years were used to calculate updated BMD T-score references. Results The updated average of BMD (SD) for diagnosing osteoporosis at the femoral neck and lumbar spine were 0.888 g/cm2 (0.121 g/cm2) and 1.065 g/cm2 (0.122 g/cm2), respectively. The percentages of individuals with osteoporosis at the femoral neck and low bone mass at the femoral neck and lumbar spine based on the updated BMD T-score references were higher than the percentages of people designated with these outcomes under the existing guidelines (P < 0.001). However, we observed the opposite pattern for lumbar spine osteoporosis (P < 0.001). Conclusions We calculated new BMD T-score references at the femoral neck and lumbar spine. We found significant differences in the percentages of individuals classified as having osteoporosis and low bone mass between the updated and existing BMD T-score references.
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Gonzalez, Diana C., Carlos A. Mautalen, Pedro H. Correa, Elias El Tamer, and Sara El Tamer. "Bone mass in totally thyroidectomized patients. Role of calcitonin deficiency and exogenous thyroid treatment." Acta Endocrinologica 124, no. 5 (May 1991): 521–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.1240521.
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Abstract. Calcitonin has an uncertain role in the preservation of bone mass. Since surgical thyroidectomy abolishes the calcitonin secretion in response to calcium, the bone mineral density at the radius shaft and lumbar spine was measured in 60 patients (5 men, 16 premenopausal, 34 postmenopausal euparathyroid and 5 postmenopausal hypoparathyroid women) who had undergone near total thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer 8.4±0.7 years before the study. All patients were maintained on suppressive doses of thyroid hormones. Bone mineral density values of the radius shaft (expressed as Z-score) of 34 postmenopausal euparathyroid women was significantly below the normal average (mean ± sem = −0.59 ±0.2; p=0.01). Bone mineral density of the lumbar spine was also below the normal average although the difference only approached statistical significance (−0.36±0.2; 0.05 <p<0.1). The bone mineral density of neither the radius nor the spine differed from normal levels in the premenopausal women and the postmenopausal hypoparathyroid women. Unexpectedly, the bone mineral density of the spine was significantly increased in the 5 thyroidectomized men. The results indicate that thyroidectomized women have a diminished bone mass after the menopause only if parathyroid function is normal. Since the patients were receiving thyroid hormone at suppressive doses, the present study is not able to separate the relative contributions of calcitonin deficit and exogenous thyroid on bone mass loss.
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Berno, Tamara, Kenneth Boucher, Fenghuang Zhan, Guido J. Tricot, Benjamin Mughal, and Maurizio Zangari. "Bone Mineral Density Changes In Patients with Paraproteinemia After Treatment with Bortezomib." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 4989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.4989.4989.
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Abstract Abstract 4989 Background: Bone disease is present at diagnosis in almost all patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and can impact substantially on patient morbidity and quality of life. Decreased bone mineral density is also observed not only in MM but also in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The pathogenesis of bone disease in MM is complex. The activity of proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has been linked to increased bone formation and osteoblastic activation. Evidence from the available clinical data indicates that bortezomib has a positive impact on bone health in MM and demonstrates a bone anabolic effect. Methods: We analyzed retrospectively 53 patients with MM and 16 with MGUS who have completed bone density at least at diagnosis. 21 patients have completed two bone density (3 MGUS and 18 MM). The bone density was obtained in all patients at baseline and in 16 patients repeated after bortezomib treatement with a median time of bortezomib exposure of 6 months. We analyzed T-score values at lumbar spine and at femoral neck. Results: With a median age of 66 years, 41 male and 28 female were analyzed. At baseline the mean lumbar spine T-score of all subjects and of 16 MM treated with bortezomib was -0.50 and -0.76 respectively. At baseline the mean femoral neck T-score for all subjects and for 16 MM treated with Bortezomib was -1.56 and -1.31 respectively. The baseline mean lumbar spine T-score for MGUS and MM was -0.71 and -0.43 respectively. The baseline mean femoral neck T-score of MGUS and MM was -1.61 and -1.54 respectively. In the group of 16 patients treated with Bortezomib we observed from baseline a change in lumbar bone mineral density T-score of 0.36 and at femoral neck bone density T-score of 0.25. Conclusion: These data show that patients treated with proteasome inhibitor showed moderate increment in bone mineral density at lumbar spine and at femoral neck. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Motta, Maria Eugênia Farias Almeida, Maria Eduarda Nóbrega de Faria, and Gisélia Alves Pontes da Silva. "Prevalence of low bone mineral density in children and adolescents with celiac disease under treatment." Sao Paulo Medical Journal 127, no. 5 (September 2009): 278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-31802009000500006.
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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Low bone mineral density may be a finding among children and adolescents with celiac disease, including those undergoing treatment with a gluten-free diet, but the data are contradictory. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of bone mineral density abnormalities in patients on a gluten-free diet, considering age at diagnosis and duration of dietary treatment. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional prevalence study at the Pediatric Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinic of Instituto Materno Infantil Professor Fernando Figueira. METHODS: Thirty-one patients over five years of age with celiac disease and on a gluten-free diet were enrolled. Bone mineral density (in g/cm²) was measured in the lumbar spine and whole body using bone densitometry and categorized using the criteria of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry, i.e. low bone mineral density for chronological age < -2.0 Z-scores. Age at diagnosis and duration of dietary treatment were confirmed according to the date of starting the gluten-free diet. RESULTS: Low bone density for chronological age was present in 3/31 patients in the lumbar spine and 1/31 in the whole body (also with lumbar spine abnormality). At diagnosis, three patients with low bone mineral density for the chronological age were more than 7.6 years old. These patients had been on a gluten-free diet for six and seven months and 3.4 years. CONCLUSION: Pediatric patients with celiac disease on long-term treatment are at risk of low bone mineral density. Early diagnosis and long periods of gluten-free diet are directly implicated in bone density normalization.
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Mathis, Shannon L., Richard S. Farley, Dana K. Fuller, Amy E. Jetton, and Jennifer L. Caputo. "The Relationship between Cortisol and Bone Mineral Density in Competitive Male Cyclists." Journal of Sports Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/896821.
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Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine whether race day cortisol was related to bone mineral density (BMD) in competitive male cyclists. A secondary purpose was to determine additional factors associated with BMD in competitive male cyclists.Methods. Measurements of lumbar spine and hip BMD were performed in 35 male competitors in a state championship cycling time trial event. Salivary cortisol was measured 10 minutes prior to the start of the race and 5 minutes after race finished. Participants reported daily calcium intake, age, years of bike training, races per season, and average weekly minutes spent riding a bike, weight training, and running on a survey.Results. Cortisol level increased significantly from pre- to postcompetition but was not significantly associated with BMD. Increased weekly minutes of weight training was associated with higher BMD of the lumbar spine and the hip. The increased number of years of cycling experience was associated with lower BMD of the femoral neck. Increased daily calcium intake was associated with higher BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck.Conclusions. Findings indicate that cyclists should participate in weight training and increase calcium intake in order to increase or maintain BMD of the lumbar spine and hip.
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Sommer, Isolde, Arja T. Erkkilä, Ritva Järvinen, Jaakko Mursu, Joonas Sirola, Jukka S. Jurvelin, Heikki Kröger, and Marjo Tuppurainen. "Alcohol consumption and bone mineral density in elderly women." Public Health Nutrition 16, no. 4 (July 17, 2012): 704–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001200331x.
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AbstractObjectiveFindings regarding alcohol consumption and bone mineral density (BMD) in elderly women have been inconsistent. The objective of the present study was to explore the association of alcohol intake with BMD in elderly women.DesignThis cohort study included women from the population-based Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention – Fracture Prevention Study (OSTPRE-FPS). Alcohol intake and potential confounders were assessed at baseline and after 3 years of follow-up using a lifestyle questionnaire. In addition, an FFQ was distributed in the third year to measure dietary intake, including alcohol. Women underwent BMD measurements at the femoral neck and lumbar spine at baseline and after 3 years of follow-up.SettingKuopio Province, Finland.SubjectsThree hundred elderly women (mean age 67·8 years) who provided both BMD measurements and FFQ data.ResultsAlcohol consumption estimated from the FFQ and lifestyle questionnaire was significantly associated with BMD at both measurement sites after adjustment for potential confounders, including lifestyle and dietary factors (P < 0·05). Using the FFQ, women drinking >3 alcoholic drinks/week had significantly higher BMD than abstainers, 12·0 % at the femoral neck and 9·2 % at the lumbar spine. Results based on the lifestyle questionnaire showed higher BMD values for all alcohol-consuming women at the femoral neck and for women drinking 1–3 alcoholic beverages/week at the lumbar spine, compared with non-users.ConclusionsThe results from OSTPRE-FPS suggest that low to moderate alcohol intake may exert protective effects on bone health in elderly women.
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Lee, Soon Tai, James Cho Hong Goh, Siew Leng Low, and Kamal Bose. "Bone Mineral Density in Normal Chinese Men and Women in Singapore." Journal of Musculoskeletal Research 01, no. 01 (September 1997): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218957797000062.
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169 men and 267 women aged 20 to 69 years had bone mineral density measured in the lumbar spine and femoral neck by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The male subjects were significantly taller and heavier than the female subjects. However, there was no significant difference in body mass indexes of males and females. In males, the regression of age on lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD was linear, with peak BMD attained in the 20–29 age group. In females, peak BMD occurred in the age group 30–39 years. The regression of BMD with age in females was best fit by a cubic regression curve. There was no difference in peak spine BMD (1.176 ± 0.121 g/cm2 for males versus 1.221 ± 0.129 g/cm2 for females; p < 0.01). However, males were found to have significantly higher peak BMD in the femoral neck (1.052 ± 0.119 g/cm2 for males versus 0.949 ± 0.108 g/cm2 for females; p < 0.01). When our data was compared to the reference database from the American and Japanese populations, it was found that Chinese women in Singapore and American women had similar BMD values and both groups had significantly higher BMD than the Japanese in both the lumbar spine and femoral neck.
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Eriksson, S., B. Isberg, and U. Lindgren. "Vertebral Bone Mineral Measurement Using Dual Photon Absorptiometry and Computed Tomography." Acta Radiologica 29, no. 1 (January 1988): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028418518802900118.
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The lumbar spine of 14 cadavers was studied both by 153Gd dual photon absorptiometry (DPA) and quantitative computed tomography (QCT) at 96 and 125 kVp. The intact spine and the individual vertebrae were analyzed. After these measurements the ash content of the vertebral body, the posterior elements, and the transverse processes was determined. The fat content of the vertebral body as well as its volume was also measured. With DPA, the bone mineral content (BMC) determined in situ as well as on excised spine specimens correlated highly with the amount of total vertebral ash (r>0.92, SEE<3.2 g). The bone mineral density (BMD, area density) of 3 lumbar vertebrae correlated accurately with the mean ash density of the vertebral body (r>0.81, SEE<0.015 g/cm3). The so-called corpus density and central density determinations were less accurate. No difference in accuracy was found between measurements when using 3 mm and 4.5 mm step intervals. Variations in the distribution of mineral between the vertebral body and the posterior elements contribute to the error in predicting vertebral body mineral with DPA. QCT gave a smaller error when a cylindric portion of the vertebral body with a 20 mm diameter was measured compared with one with a 9 mm diameter, when the dual energy technique was used (p<0.01). With dual energy QCT a correlation was found between a center segment of 3 vertebrae in the lumbar spine and the mean ash density of the vertebral body of r=0.92 (SEE=0.010 g/cm3). Single energy QCT was insignificantly less accurate than dual energy QCT. Only small differences were found between vertebrae with high fat density of the vertebral body when single or dual QCT was used. QCT was more accurate than DPA in the prediction of the mineral density of individual vertebral bodies (p<0.05) but no difference was found when the average values for the lumbar spine were calculated.
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Ramsdale, S. J., and E. J. Bassey. "Changes in Bone Mineral Density Associated with Dietary-Induced Loss of Body Mass in Young Women." Clinical Science 87, no. 3 (September 1, 1994): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0870343.
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1. Moderately overweight, premenopausal women were assessed for bone mineral density of the total body, lumbar spine and proximal femur before and after 6 months of modest dietary restriction (minimum 4800 kJ/day). The aim was to evaluate the effect of loss of body mass on bone mineral density. 2. Dietary assessment included two analyses of 3 day weighed food intakes, one before and the other after 4 months of dietary restriction. Energy and calcium intakes were significantly reduced by 27% and 5%, respectively. The change in calcium intake was negatively and significantly related to initial levels of calcium intake. 3. A significant mean loss of 3.4 ± 3.1 kg in body mass was achieved mainly in the first 3 months of the study; it was accompanied by significant losses at 6 months in bone mineral density in the total body of 0.7% and in the lumbar spine of 0.5%. There were no changes in the femur. 4. The change in bone mineral density in the total body was significantly related to the reduced absolute calcium intake, initial bone mineral density and loss of body mass. The change in bone mineral density in the spine was significantly related to the change in calcium intake. 5. These modest losses could be a threat in women with lower bone mineral density, and indicate the importance of maintaining a high intake of calcium during dietary restriction.
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Povoroznyuk, Vladyslav V., Nataliia V. Zaverukha, and Anna S. Musiienko. "BONE MINERAL DENSITY AND TRABECULAR BONE SCORE IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS AND OBESITY." Wiadomości Lekarskie 73, no. 3 (2020): 529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202003124.
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The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar spine, femoral neck, trabecular bone score (TBS) and body mass index (BMI), in postmenopausal women with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Materials and methods: The study group comprised 359 postmenopausal women aged 50-89 years. They were divided into 2 groups: I group – 117 postmenopausal women with symptomatic knee OA and II group –242 women with a normal functional activity of knee joints. Analysis of data was performed taking into account their BMD of lumbar spine (L1-L4) and femoral neck, measured by the Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) Hologic (Discovery WI, USA, 2016). TBS of L1-L4 was detected by TBS insight® software (MedImaps, Pessac, France), and BMI classified by World Health Organization (WHO). Results: In postmenopausal women with obesity prevalence of symptomatic knee OA was detected in 41.1% of cases. However, in women with normal BMI knee OA was revealed in 29.0% of women. The highest level of knee OA in obese women aged 70-79 years – 45.8%. According to a chi-squared (χ2) test, a significantly higher level of BMI was detected in postmenopausal women with OA (χ2=5.05, p=0.02). Conclusion: Women with a symptomatic OA had a significantly higher BMD of lumbar spine compared with women who had a normal functional activity of knee. Significant negative correlation were detected between TBS and BMI, and significant positive correlations between lumbar spine BMD and BMI.
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Raskina, T., I. Grigoreva, J. Averkieva, A. Kokov, and V. Masenko. "AB0910 SARCOPENIA AND BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN MEN WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1757.2–1757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5401.
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Objectives:To examine bone mineral density (BMD) in men with coronary heart disease (CHD), depending on the state of the muscle mass, strength and function.Methods:79 men aged over 50 years with verified CHD were examined (mean age 63 (57; 66) years).The BMD and T-criterion (standart deviation, SD) of the femoral neck and lumbar spine (L1-L4) were evaluated using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) on the Lunar Prodigy Primo bone densitometer (USA). The following reference intervals were used: normal BMD values (T-criterion ≥-1), osteopenia (OPe) (T-criterion from -1 to -2.5), and osteoporosis (OP) (T-criterion <-2.5).To assess muscle mass, the total area (cm2) of the lumbar muscles of the axial section at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra (L3) was determined using multispiral computed tomography on a 64-slice computer tomograph “Somatom Sensation 64” (Siemens AG Medical Solution, Germany). The ratio of the obtained index of the area of skeletal muscle to the square of the patient’s growth index determined the “ skeletalmuscular index L3” (SMI). The media considered the threshold value to be 52.4 cm2/m2.Results:The femoral neck BMD in the examined patients was 0.96 (0.89; 1.03) g/cm2, which corresponds to -0.50 (-1.00; 0) SD according to the T-criterion, in the lumbar spine -1.23 (1.11; 1.32) g/cm2and 0.4 (-0.50; 1.20) SD according to the T-criterion.In accordance with the recommendations of the European working group on sarcopenia in Older people (EWGSOP, 2010, 2018), the patients were divided into 3 groups: 31 patients without sarcopenia (group 1), 21 patients with isolated muscle loss (presarcopenia) (group 2) and 27 patients with sarcopenia (group 3).BMD in the femoral neck in the group of patients without sarcopenia was 0.96 (0.72; 1.26) g/cm2, which corresponds to -0.50 (-0.8; 0.2) SD according to the T-criterion, in the lumbar spine – 1.19 (1.10; 1.275) g/cm2and 0.1 (-0.6; 0.8) SD according to the T-criterion. BMD in the femoral neck in the group of patients with presarcopenia (group 2) – 0.995 (0.94; 1.04) g/cm2and -0.3 (-0.70; 0) SD according to the T-criterion, in the lumbar spine – 1.32 (1.24; 1.40) g/cm2and 1.20 (0.50; 1.90) SD according to the T-criterion. In patients with established sarcopenia (group 3), the following indicators of BMD and T-criterion were recorded: 0.95 (0.845; 0.98) g/cm2and -0.60 (-1.40; -0.40) SD and 1.23 (0.085; 1.31) g/cm2and 0.4 (-0.8; 1.1) SD in the femoral neck and lumbar spine, respectively.A comparative analysis of the results of the DXA found that patients with sarcopenia had a significant decrease in the BMD and T-criterion in the femoral neck compared to patients with presarcopenia (p=0.039 and p=0.040, respectively). There were no differences between the groups of patients without sarcopenia and with sarcopenia and presarcopenia (p>0.05).It was found that patients with sarcopenia had significantly lower BMD and T-criterion in the lumbar spine compared to patients with presarcopenia (p=0.017 and p=0.0165, respectively). The values of the BMD and T-criterion in the groups of patients without sarcopenia and with presarcopenia and sarcopenia in the lumbar spine were comparable (p>0.05).Conclusion:The presence of sarcopenia is associated with loss of BMD in the femoral neck and in the lumbar spine. The results obtained confirm the high probability of common pathogenetic links between OP and sarcopenia.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Young, R., H. May, S. Murphy, C. Grey, and J. E. Compston. "Rates of Bone Loss in Peri- and Postmenopausal Women: A 4 Year, Prospective, Population-Based Study." Clinical Science 91, no. 3 (September 1, 1996): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0910307.
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1. Age-related bone loss is well established but reported rates of bone loss in the spine and femur vary widely. The aim of the present study was to investigate changes in bone mineral density in the lumbar spine and proximal femur in healthy postmenopausal women. 2. One hundred and thirty-eight population-based women, aged 45–65 years, recruited from general practice registers in 1990, were assessed at baseline; 108 returned for repeat assessment 4 years later, of whom 31 had taken hormone replacement therapy for 12 months or more of the 4-year study period. Bone densitometry of the lumbar spine and proximal femur was performed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and oestradiol were measured by RIA and serum intact parathyroid hormone by radio-immunometric assay. 3. The mean age at follow-up was 62 years (mean of 13.6 years after menopause). Lumbar spine bone mineral density was significantly higher in women who had received hormone replacement therapy for more than 12 months during the study period than in those who had not (P < 0.01). There was no difference between these two groups in the femoral neck or trochanteric bone mineral density. In the lumbar spine, the annual change in bone mass in untreated women was −0.39% (95% confidence intervals −0.60 to −0.09; P < 0.02) whereas there was a small gain in women receiving hormone replacement therapy [+0.36% (−0.12 to 0.84; P not significant)]. The annual change in bone mass in the femoral neck and trochanter was −0.51 and −0.45 respectively in untreated women (P < 0.01 and P < 0.02), and −0.16 and −0.15 in those receiving hormone replacement therapy (P not significant). 4. Our results demonstrate relatively low rates of bone loss in the spine and proximal femur in these healthy, population-based peri- and postmenopausal women. Hormone replacement therapy appeared to be associated with a significant protective effect on spinal, but not femoral, bone mineral density.
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Sitthisombat, Patraporn, Sukree Soontrapa, Srinaree Kaewrudee, Jen Sothornwit, Nuntasiri Eamudomkarn, Julaluck Promsorn, Wittawat Takong, and Woraluk Somboonporn. "Carotid plaque and lumbar bone mineral density status in post-menopausal women: An age-matched, analytical cross-sectional study." Post Reproductive Health 26, no. 1 (December 3, 2019): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053369119890746.
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Objective To explore the association between carotid plaque and lumbar spine osteoporosis in post-menopausal women. Study design Age-matched, cross-sectional study. Main outcome measures Carotid plaque and carotid intima media thickness were measured with B-mode ultrasound. Lumbar spine bone mineral density was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Prevalence odds ratios and the respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated to determine the association. Results Seventy-two post-menopausal women with lumbar spine osteoporosis and 72 post-menopausal women with normal lumbar spine bone mineral density were enrolled. The adjusted prevalence odds ratio of carotid plaque presence in post-menopausal women with lumbar spine osteoporosis was 1.73 (95%CI; 0.60 to 4.94) when compared to post-menopausal women with normal lumbar spine bone mineral density. The presence of vulnerable plaque was greater in post-menopausal women with lumbar spine osteoporosis; however, the difference was not statistically significant after adjusting for other risk factors of cardiovascular disease (odds ratio 1.31; 95%CI; 0.39 to 4.43). There was no significant difference in carotid intima media thickness between the two groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis with backward elimination in assessment of potential risk factors for the presence of carotid plaque showed that the year since menopause, family history of cardiovascular disease and systolic blood pressure were nominally significant associated factors with a respective adjusted odds ratio of 1.06 (95%CI; 1.01 to 1.12), 6.23 (95%CI; 1.65 to 23.46) and 1.03 (95%CI; 1.01 to 1.06). Conclusions The current study indicates that lumbar spine osteoporosis is not associated with the presence of carotid plaque, whereas year since menopause, family history of cardiovascular disease and systolic blood pressure are associated factors.
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Michel, B. A., A. G. Bjorkengren, E. Lambert, N. E. Lane, J. F. Fries, and D. A. Bloch. "Estimating lumbar bone mineral density from routine radiographs of the lumbar spine." Clinical Rheumatology 12, no. 1 (March 1993): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02231558.
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Duan, Peng, Ping Tu, Heping Wu, Xun Ding, Jiang Liu, and Deng Bo. "Analysis of bone mineral density and relevant factors in patients with type 1 diabetes." Archives of Biological Sciences 66, no. 3 (2014): 1091–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1403091d.
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We investigated changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and relevant factors of BMD in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). A total of 47 patients with T1D and 40 healthy controls participated in this study. The waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated after physical examination. The lumbar spine (L2-L4) BMD and left femoral neck BMD were examined. Blood samples were collected. The BMI, WHR, fasting C peptide (FCP), postprandial C peptide (2hCP), lumbar spine and left femoral neck BMD of the patients with T1D were significantly lower than those of healthy controls, while the fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (2hPG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were higher (P <0.05). Duration of T1D and HbA1c were negatively correlated with lumbar spine and left femoral neck BMD. The FCP and 2hCP were positively correlated with lumbar spine and left femoral neck BMD.
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Kim, Minjung, Jinmann Chon, Seung Ah Lee, Yunsoo Soh, Myung Chul Yoo, Yeocheon Yun, Seongmin Choi, and Min Gyun Kim. "Does Unilateral Lumbosacral Radiculopathy Affect the Association between Lumbar Spinal Muscle Morphometry and Bone Mineral Density?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24 (December 14, 2021): 13155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413155.
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Age-related degenerative changes lead to a gradual decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) and muscle mass. We aimed to assess the effects of decreased BMD and lumbar denervation on lumbar spinal muscle morphometry and the relationship between BMD and lumbar spinal muscular morphometry, respectively. Eighty-one patients, aged 50–85 years, diagnosed with unilateral lumbosacral radiculopathy based on electrodiagnostic studies between January 2016 and April 2021 were enrolled. BMD T scores in the lumbar spine and hip were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the psoas, multifidus, and erector spinae located in the middle of the lumbar spine, between the L3 and L4 and between the L4 and L5 levels, respectively, was measured using axial MRI. Functional CSA (FCSA) was defined as the CSA of lean muscle mass. Pearson correlation analyses were performed to evaluate the association between BMD T scores and the CSA, FCSA, and the ratio of the FCSA to the CSA (functional ratio) for each side. The CSA of lumbar spinal muscles showed no significant correlation with lumbar BMD. The FCSA and functional ratio of lumbar spinal muscles were significantly correlated with lumbar BMD. There was no correlation between femur BMD and lumbar spinal muscle morphometry.
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De Faria, Paula Cristina, Maria Fernanda Lima Villaça-Carvalho, Sérgio Lúcio Pereira de Castro Lopes, Mari Eli Leonelli De Moraes, and Luiz Roberto Coutinho Manhães Júnior. "Radiographic signs of bone mineral density in panoramic radiographs from pre and postmenopausal patients." Brazilian Dental Science 20, no. 1 (March 21, 2017): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/bds.2017.v20i1.1276.
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<p><strong>Objective:</strong> The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of panoramic radiographs (PR) and their radiomorphometric indices as an auxiliary method for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. <strong>Material and</strong> <strong>Methods:</strong> Twenty five women were selected, who had been prescribed PR for different purposes. The PR were analysed according to the MCI, which evaluates the mandibular cortex below the mental foramen, and then divided into two groups: normal and bone mineral loss. Bone densitometry scans were obtained (DXA) from the lumbar spine and neck of the femur/whole femur, which were used as the gold standard for comparison against the MCI. Kappa test (p<0.05) was used to determine the association between the MCI and bone densitometry readings. <strong>Results:</strong> Regarding the DXA, 7 patients were normal at the lumbar spine or femur, 24 subjects showed osteopenia at the lumbar spine or femur and 9 subjects had osteoporosis at the lumbar spine or femur. Regarding the association between DXA and MCI, 18 subjects showed some degree of bone loss at the spine detected by both DXA and the Klemetti index. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> PR may be useful to assess the risk of such diseases being present.</p>
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Wijbrandts, C. A., R. Klaasen, M. G. W. Dijkgraaf, D. M. Gerlag, B. L. F. van Eck-Smit, and P. P. Tak. "Bone mineral density in rheumatoid arthritis patients 1 year after adalimumab therapy: arrest of bone loss." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 68, no. 3 (April 13, 2008): 373–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.2008.091611.
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Objective:To explore the effects of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α antibody therapy on bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and femur neck in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods:A total of 50 patients with active RA (DAS28⩾3.2) who started adalimumab (40 mg subcutaneously/2 weeks) were included in an open label prospective study. All patients used stable methotrexate and were allowed to use prednisone (⩽10 mg/day). The BMD of the lumbar spine and femur neck was measured before and 1 year after start of treatment.Results:Disease activity at baseline (28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28)) and disease duration were inversely correlated with femoral neck BMD and lumbar spine BMD (p<0.05). Mean BMD of lumbar spine and femur neck remained unchanged after 1 year of adalimumab therapy (+0.3% and +0.3%, respectively). Of interest, a beneficial effect of prednisone on change in femur neck BMD was observed with a relative increase with prednisone use (+2.5%) compared to no concomitant prednisone use (−0.7%), (p = 0.015).Conclusion:In contrast to the progressive bone loss observed after conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy, TNF blockade may result in an arrest of general bone loss. Consistent with previous observations, the data also suggest that the net effect of low-dose corticosteroids on BMD in RA may be beneficial, possibly resulting from their anti-inflammatory effects.
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Riopedre, A. M., O. D. Barreira, O. N. Sebastián, and C. A. Pereda. "Does bone mineral density measurement at ultradistal radius predict mineral density at lumbar spine?" Osteoporosis International 6, S1 (January 1996): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02500196.
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Lozano-Berges, Gabriel, Ángel Matute-Llorente, Alejandro Gómez-Bruton, Alex González-Agüero, Germán Vicente-Rodríguez, and José A. Casajús. "Influence of different playing surfaces on bone mass accretion in male adolescent football players: A one-season study." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology 233, no. 4 (July 23, 2019): 536–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754337119864245.
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There are different surfaces on which football is played, but their influence on bone mass accretion still remains unknown. The aims of this study were to compare bone mass accretion between football players and controls, and evaluate the influence of two different playing surfaces on bone accretion. A total of 27 male football players (13.2 ± 0.5 years) and 15 controls (12.6 ± 1.1 years) participated in this study. Football players were classified into two groups according to the surface they trained on: 14 on third-generation artificial turf with elastic layer and 13 on third-generation artificial turf without elastic layer. Bone mineral content and areal bone mineral density were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bone mineral apparent density variables were calculated. Bone geometry and strength of the non-dominant tibia were assessed with peripheral quantitative computed tomography. For both football players and controls, bone variables measured at subtotal body, lumbar spine, legs and tibia ( p < 0.05) significantly increased. Based on the time spent practicing football, the increase in areal bone mineral density for the legs ( p < 0.05) was higher in football players than controls. Moreover, lumbar spine bone mineral apparent density increased more in third-generation artificial turf without elastic layer players in comparison with third-generation artificial turf with elastic layer players ( p < 0.05). Playing football on third-generation artificial turf with elastic layer and third-generation artificial turf without elastic layer seems to positively affect bone mass during growth. After playing for one season on these playing surfaces, football practice on third-generation artificial turf without elastic layer with the lower shock absorption seems to have produced the highest increment in areal bone mineral density at lumbar spine. Thus, football practice on surfaces with lower shock absorption could provide an extra benefit on bone health.
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Dimic, Milena, Aleksandar Dimic, Zoran Milosevic, and Jelena Vojinovic. "Bone mineral density in children with long-term antiepileptic therapy." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 141, no. 5-6 (2013): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1306329d.
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Introduction. Vitamin D active metabolites deficit that is altered by negative calcium and phosphorus balance is a potential complication during long?term antiepileptic drug therapy. Objective. The aim of this study was to examine lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) in epileptic children receiving antiepileptic drug therapy longer than one year. methods. The examined sample consisted of 34 epileptic children, 18 male and 16 female, aged 6?12 (9.77?2.01) years, treated with carbamazepine, valproate, phenobarbital, lamotrigine or their combination without vitamin D supplementation. The lumbar spine BMD (L1?L4) was estimated by a Lunar densitometer and obtained results were compared with results of 35 matched population of healthy children from the control group. results. Lumbar BMD Z?score was significantly lower in female patients treated with antiepileptic therapy compared with those in the control group (?1.048?1.35 vs. ?0.399?0.518; p=0.03). Bone mineral density Z?score decrease of both gender groups receiving antiepileptic polytherapy was significantly lower compared to the control group (?1.153?0.938 vs. ?0.043?0.815; p=0.007). Therapy duration had no influence on the lumbar BMD level decrease either in boys (rxy=0.33; p=0.174) or in girls (rxy=0.02; p=0.935) treated with antiepileptic therapy. Conclusion. Our results have indicated that antiepileptic drug therapy usage longer than one year can have adverse affects on the lumbar spine BMD (L1?L4) in epileptic children, and that prophylactic vitamin D supplementation is also necessary in these patients.
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Vaishnav, Avani S., Philip Louie, Chirag Chaudhary, Michael H. McCarthy, Ryan Lee, Yoshihiro Katsuura, Evan Sheha, Catherine Himo Gang, and Sheeraz A. Qureshi. "P44. Variation of bone mineral density in the lumbar spine." Spine Journal 21, no. 9 (September 2021): S161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2021.05.252.
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Schepper, J. De, M. Van den Broeck, and MH Jonckheer. "Study of lumbar spine bone mineral density in obese children." Acta Paediatrica 84, no. 3 (March 1995): 313–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1995.tb13635.x.
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Ujhelyi, R., M. Szathmári, M. É. Horváth, K. Holics, A. Szabó, M. Tóth, T. Tulassay, and Zs Tulassay. "Lumbar spine bone mineral density in children with cystic fibrosis." Gastroenterology 114 (April 1998): A912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(98)83714-1.
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SCHREUDER, M. F., A. P. G. VAN DRIEL, A. VAN LINGEN, J. C. ROOS, C. M. DE RIDDER, R. A. MANOLIU, E. F. L. DAVID, and J. C. NETELENBOS. "Volumetric measurements of bone mineral density of the lumbar spine." Nuclear Medicine Communications 19, no. 8 (August 1998): 727–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006231-199808000-00002.
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Börner, W., and P. Schneider. "The Impact of Degenerative Spinal Changes on the Correlation of Peripheral and Axial Bone Density." Nuklearmedizin 33, no. 04 (1994): 138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1629808.
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SummaryResults of bone density measurements by quantitative computed tomography of the peripheral skeleton (pQCT) were compared with those of measurements at the axial skeleton with a view to study the effects of degenerative spinal changes on the validity of bone densitometry of the lumbar spine. 556 consecutive patients were examined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the spine and by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) of the distal radius. There were significant differences between the bone mineral values at the distal radius and those at the spine, depending on the degree of spinal degeneration. As expected, spinal degenerations showed a highly significant age dependence. With increasing degeneration the correlations between the radius total bone mineral concentration and the bone density of the lumbar spine decreased from r = 0.45 to 0.23 in women and from r = 0.64 to 0.28 in men. We conclude that the value of spinal DXA is reduced in patients with degenerative spinal disease, compared to the pQCT at the peripheral skeleton.
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Sadat-Ali, Mir, and Abdallah S. Al-Omran. "High-Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (HR-PQCT) and Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Measurements of Proximal Tibia in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty." International Surgery 101, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2016): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.9738/intsurg-d-15-00090.1.
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The aim of the study was to assess bone morphometric indices of the proximal tibia and compare it with bone mineral density (BMD) at hip and lumbar spine and compare with the pQCT. Fifty consecutive patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) had a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan of the upper femur and lumbar spine. Upper tibial cuts were harvested from the tibial condyles and a DXA of tibial cuts was done during TKA. Bone morphometry studies were carried out using HR-pQCT. The bone mineral density at the hip was 0.54 ± 0.08 g/cm2 and spine was 0.73 ± 0.1 with a T score at the hip −2.23 ± 0.44 and spine −2.61 ± 0.45. The bone mineral density of the tibial cut was 0.356 ± 0.03 g/cm2 (P < 0.001) and T score was −6.58 ± 2.87 (P < 0.001). The average bone volume (BV) was 115.27 ± 40.45 mm3, trabecular number (Tb.N) was 1.45 ± 0.32 (1.009–2.37) and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) was 0.181 ± 0.03 mm (0.111–0.268). The mean bone mineral density measured was 206.24 ± 50.58 mg HA/ccm. This study shows that there is highly significant difference between BMD measured by DXA and pQCT, and that bone morphometric analysis indicates that there is marked decrease in the mechanical properties of the bone in the proximal tibia due to knee Osteoarthritis and Osteoporosis indicating poor bone architecture and quality.
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Mulyono, Agus, Md Monirul Islam, and Vishal R. Panse. "Patella radiograph image texture: The correlation with lumbar spine bone mineral density values." Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika Al-Biruni 11, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/jipfalbiruni.v11i1.11348.
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Osteoporosis is a common metabolic disease that is frequently overlooked. This disease primarily affects adult women and causes bone thinness and fragility, which leads to fractures. DXA (Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry) is used to diagnose osteoporosis by measuring bone mineral density. These devices are expensive and not widely available for treatment. This study aimed to find a correlation between the texture value of an image of the patellar bone and the density of the lumbar spine, which can then be used to detect osteoporosis. This study's sample size was 19 subjects, and their bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using DXA. An X-ray was then taken to obtain an image of the genu bone. The stages of the research are as follows: 1) preparing the X-ray image of the bone; 2) determining the image texture value method of gray level co-occurrence matrix 3) investigating the relationship between texture values and BMD in the lumbar spine. The correlation test results revealed a statistically significant correlation between the texture value and the BMD of the lumbar spine for the correlation and variance characteristics (P less than 0.05). As a result, the value of the texture of the image of the patella bone can be used to detect osteoporosis.