Journal articles: 'LTE-Advanced, LTE-A'

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Devi.J, Anjana, Dr R. Dhaya, and Dr R. Kanthavel. "A Survey on Multi-Layer Mimo for Lte/Lte-Advanced." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.34 (September 1, 2018): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.34.18972.

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The primary intention of the paper is to explore on various Multi-Layer MIMO approaches for the higher system performance. MIMO technique is said to be the key technology in LTE-A to achieve the spatial diversity in the system. Multi-Layer MIMO is the enhancement to the MIMO technology where multiple streams of data could be transferred to different layers for optimization with increased capacity in the network in high SNR condition. In a massive MIMO system, the cell interference hinders the system performance due to high channel dimensionality. The main design objective of the Multi-Layer MIMO techniques studied is to reduce the Cell Interference with lower complexity.

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MUBAROK, ARIF, and HASANAH PUTRI. "Analisis Dampak Inter-Band Carrier Aggregation pada Perencanaan Jaringan LTE-Advanced." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 7, no. 2 (May 24, 2019): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v7i2.363.

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ABSTRAKPenerapan teknologi Long Term Evolution (LTE) di Indonesia belum optimal dalam pengalokasian spektrum dikarenakan keterbatasan spektrum, untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut 3GPP mengeluarkan teknologi terbaru yaitu LTEAdvanced yang mendukung fitur carrier aggregation (CA) yang memberikan throughput yang lebih tinggi dengan penggunaan spektrum yang lebih efisien. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perencanaan jaringan LTE-Advanced menggunakan metode inter-band CA dengan menggabungkan dua band frequency yang berbeda yaitu bandwith 5 MHz di band 5 (850 MHz) dan bandwidth 10 MHz di band 3 (1800 MHz). Untuk mendapatkan performansi yang maksimal perencanaan jaringan LTE dan LTE-A dikombinasikan dengan penggunaan skema Physical Cell Identity (PCI) dan Soft Frequency Reuse (SFR). Penggunaan PCI meningkatkan SINR sebesar 1 dB dan throughput meningkat sebesar 200 Kbps, sedangkan penggunaan skema SFR meningkatkan SINR sebesar 9 dB dan throughput meningkat sebesar 13 Mbps.Kata kunci: LTE-Advanced, PCI, SFR, Carrier Aggregation. ABSTRACTThe implementation of Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology in Indonesia has not been optimal due to spectrum limitations. To overcome the problem, 3GPP issued the latest technology, i.e. LTE-Advanced, to support the carrier aggregation (CA) feature that provides higher throughput with more efficient spectrum usage. In this study, LTE-Advanced network planning was performed using the inter-band CA method by combining two different band frequencies, namely 5 MHz bandwidth on Band 5 (850 MHz) and 10 MHz bandwidth on Band 3 (1800 MHz). In addition, to generate maximum performance, the LTE and LTEA networks planning was combined with the use of Physical Cell Identity (PCI) and Soft Frequency Reuse (SFR) schemes. The use of the PCI managed to increase SINR by 1 dB and throughput by 200 Kbps, while the use of SFR scheme managed to increase SINR by 9 dB and throughput by 13 Mbps.Keywords: LTE-Advanced, PCI, SFR, Carrier Aggregation.

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CHEN, Yun, Xubin CHEN, Zhiyuan GUO, Xiaoyang ZENG, and Defeng HUANG. "A 1.5Gb/s Highly Parallel Turbo Decoder for 3GPP LTE/LTE-Advanced." IEICE Transactions on Communications E96.B, no. 5 (2013): 1211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transcom.e96.b.1211.

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Ku, Gwanmo, and John MacLaren Walsh. "Resource Allocation and Link Adaptation in LTE and LTE Advanced: A Tutorial." IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials 17, no. 3 (2015): 1605–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/comst.2014.2383691.

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Zhioua, Ghayet El Mouna, Houda Labiod, Nabil Tabbane, and Sami Tabbane. "LTE Advanced Relaying Standard: A Survey." Wireless Personal Communications 72, no. 4 (April 7, 2013): 2445–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-013-1157-1.

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Mostafa, Wessam, Eman Mohamed, and Abdelhalim Zekry. "Software implementation of LTE-advanced using Matlab Simulink." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 6, no. 4 (October 3, 2017): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v6i4.7876.

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Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) is the evolution of the LTE that developed by 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).LTE-A exceeded International Telecommunication Union (ITU) requirements for 4th Generation (4G) known as International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT-Advanced). It is formally introduced in October 2009. This paper presents a study and an implementation of the LTE-A downlink physical layer based on 3GPP release 10 standards using Matlab simulink. In addition, it provides the LTE-A performance in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER) against Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) for different modulation and channel coding schemes. Moreover, different scenarios of Carrier Aggregation (CA) are modeled and implemented. The Simulink model developed for the LTE-A transceiver can be translated into digital signal processor DSP code or VHDL on FPGA code.

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Zhang, Zhen, Huai Dong Xu, Yan Gu, and Chen Ming Li. "Study on Relay System Performance of Simulation Platform Based on LTE-A." Applied Mechanics and Materials 347-350 (August 2013): 1915–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.347-350.1915.

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Relay technology is an important technical means to achieve a smooth transition from Long Term Evolution (LTE) to LTE-Advanced (LTE-A). Theoretically, the addition of nodes will improve the performance of the system effectively. While the relay is active nodes, addition of nodes become a new source of interference. Based on the LTE-A simulation platform, the effect of relay node on the system is analyzed.

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Gómez, Gerardo, Javier Lorca, Raquel García, and Quiliano Pérez. "Towards a QoE-Driven Resource Control in LTE and LTE-A Networks." Journal of Computer Networks and Communications 2013 (2013): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/505910.

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We propose a novel architecture for providing quality of experience (QoE) awareness to mobile operator networks. In particular, we describe a possible architecture for QoE-driven resource control for long-term evolution (LTE) and LTE-advanced networks, including a selection of KPIs to be monitored in different network elements. We also provide a description and numerical results of the QoE evaluation process for different data services as well as potential use cases that would benefit from the rollout of the proposed framework.

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J.T., Dr Devaraju, Dr Mohana H.K., and Nethra H.S. "Load Based Carrier Aggregation Algorithm for LTE Advanced." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 11, no. 6 (May 30, 2022): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.f9917.0511622.

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Long Term Evolution (LTE) supports transmission bandwidth upto 20MHz. Nowadays the multimedia rich applications connects billions of users worldwide. These services demands more number of Resource Blocks (RBs) to satisfy the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements and that can increase the data traffic in multifold. This crunch has led the Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) to increase the transmission bandwidth in order to fulfil the QoS requirements of the different services. In Release10, Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) provides a provision for MNOs to use Carrier Aggregation (CA) scheme in LTE-Advanced to aggregate upto five Components Carriers (CCs) of existing LTE carriers at the eNB to increase the transmission bandwidth upto 100MHz. Further, this scheme allows a User Equipment (UE) to transmit and receive data packets simultaneously on multiple CCs based on UE capability to meet the service requirements. However, the CC selection and efficient RBs utilization plays a vital role to optimize the system performance. Hence, in this paper using QualNet 8.2 network simulator the Load Based Carrier Aggregation Algorithm (LBCAA) is proposed for LTE-Advanced to aggregate the CCs of the existing LTE carriers at the eNB based on cell load in order to increase the transmission bandwidth to handle the data traffic growth. The simulations results illustrated that the proposed LBCAA for LTE-Advanced outperforms in the achieved average unicast received throughput, average unicast end-to-end delay and jitter as compared to LTE.

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Dehghani, Mohammad, Kamran Arshad, and Richard MacKenzie. "LTE-Advanced Radio Access Enhancements: A Survey." Wireless Personal Communications 80, no. 3 (September 6, 2014): 891–921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-014-2062-y.

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Adibah Mohd Ramli, Huda, Ani Liza Asnawi, Farah Nadia Mohd Isa, Amelia Wong Azman, and Mohamad ‘Ismat Hafizi Mansor. "Investigations of Component Carrier Selection Algorithms in Long Term Evolution-Advanced." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 10, no. 1 (April 1, 2018): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i1.pp330-336.

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Given that the demand for real-time multimedia contents that require significantly high data rate are getting of high popularity, a new mobile cellular technology known as Long term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) was standardized. The LTE-A is envisaged to support high peak data rate by aggregating more than one Component Carriers (CCs) of the same or different frequency bandwidths. Since the inter-band non-contiguous carrier aggregation is likely to be used due to the current frequency allocation, this paper provides a performance study of a number of CC selection algorithms for use in the inter-band non-contiguous downlink LTE-A. It should be noted that CC selection is of paramount importance in the LTE-A operating in backward compatible mode as the LTE-A contains a mixture of the legacy Long Term Evolution (LTE) users that support packets (re)transmission on a single CC and the LTE-A users that utilize more than one CCs for packets (re)transmission. Simulation results demonstrated the efficacy of the Channel-Throughput Aware (CTA) algorithm for maximizing the system capacity without compromising the required Quality of Service of real-time video users.

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Chuang, Tsung-Hui, Guan-Hong Chen, Meng-Hsun Tsai, and Chun-Lung Lin. "Alleviating Interference through Cognitive Radio for LTE-Advanced Network." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 5, no. 3 (June 1, 2015): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v5i3.pp539-547.

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In the LTE-Advanced network, some femtocells are deployed within a macroecell for improving throughput of indoor user equipments (UEs), which are referred to as femtocell UEs (FUEs). Cross-tier interference is an important issue in this deployment, which may significantly impact signal quality between Macrocell Base Stations (MBSs) and Macrocell User Equipments (MUEs), especially for MUEs near the femtocell. To relieve this problem, the Third Generation Partnership Project Long Term Evolution-Advanced (3GPP LTE-Advanced) de fined the cognitive radio enhanced femtocell to coordinate interference for LTE-Advanced Network. Cognitive radio femtocells have the ability to sense radio environment to obtain radio parameters. In this paper, we investigated the performance of existing schemes based on fractional frequency reuse. Therefore, we proposed a scheme with cognitive radio technology to improve the performance of fractional fre-quency reuse scheme. Simulation results showed that our scheme can effectively enhance average downlink throughput of FUEs as well as the total downlink throughput in LTE-Advanced Networks.

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Yang, Samuel C., and Peter Winter. "LTE-Advanced and IEEE 802.11ac." International Journal of Information and Learning Technology 32, no. 4 (August 3, 2015): 221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijilt-04-2013-0016.

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Purpose – Mobile data traffic globally is increasing rapidly in both enterprise and consumer segments. The purpose of this paper is to identify a new network architecture and opportunity that support ubiquitous mobile work for higher-education institutions. Design/methodology/approach – It reviews existing literature and enabling technologies and proposes integrating both wide-area Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-Advanced) and local-area IEEE 802.11ac networks for seamless, gigabit-speed services. A decision framework for moving toward such architecture and a cost/benefit analysis are also presented. Findings – Integrating both LTE-Advanced and IEEE 802.11ac networks for seamless connectivity is technically and organizationally feasible, provided that a higher-education institution has faculty and staff that require locational and interactional mobility. The cost/benefit analysis also shows that moving to the new architecture has potential benefits that can accrue to the higher-education institution. Research limitations/implications – With the coming availability of these wide-area and local-area gigabit networks, a new architecture that can ubiquitously supports mobile workers may be advantageous to universities and colleges. Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is one of the first that proposes such integrated architecture in the context of higher-education institutions. In addition to the examination of technological issues and proposed architecture, the decision framework, and cost/benefit analysis should be valuable for institutions contemplating the move toward the new architecture and for guiding further research in this area.

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Rekhissa, Hajer Ben, Cecile Belleudy, and Philippe Bessaguet. "Energy Efficient Resource Allocation for M2M Devices in LTE/LTE-A." Sensors 19, no. 24 (December 4, 2019): 5337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19245337.

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Machine-to-machine (M2M) communication consists of the communication between intelligent devices without human intervention. Long term evolution (LTE) and Long-term evolution-advanced (LTE-A) cellular networks technologies are excellent candidates to support M2M communication as they offer high data rates, low latencies, high capacities and more flexibility. However, M2M communication over LTE/LTE-A networks faces some challenges. One of these challenges is the management of resource radios especially on the uplink. LTE schedulers should be able to meet the needs of M2M devices, such as power management and the support of large number of devices, in addition to handling both human-to-human (H2H) and M2M communications. Motivated by the fundamental requirement of extending the battery lives of M2M devices and managing an LTE network system, including both M2M devices and H2H users, in this paper, two channel-aware scheduling algorithms on the uplink are proposed. Both of them consider the coexistence of H2H and M2M communications and aim to reduce energy consumption in M2M devices. The first algorithm, called FDPS-carrier-by-carrier modified (CBC-M), takes into account channel quality and power consumption while allocating radio resources. Our second algorithm, recursive maximum expansion modified (RME-M), offers a balance between delay requirement and energy consumption. Depending on the system requirements, RME-M considers both channel quality and system deadlines in an adjustable manner according to M2M devices needs. Simulation results show that the proposed schedulers outperform the round-robin scheduler in terms of energy efficiency and have better cell spectral efficiency.

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Wang, Hong Zhuo, Zheng Hai Sun, Jun Wang, and Fang Liu. "Study on the Resource Scheduling Algorithm for LTE-Advanced Downlink Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 577 (July 2014): 1017–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.577.1017.

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In the paper, the resource scheduling algorithm in the downlink of LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) assuming equal power allocation among subcarriers which adopted the technology of carrier aggregation (CA) is investigated. When the independent scheduling (INS) scheme is applied, the LTE users will acquire few resources because they cannot support CA technology. And the fairness of the system is disappointing. Focusing on the problem, a novel proportional fair (PF) scheduling algorithm based on INS is proposed. In the proposed method, the system fairness is well improved without bringing high complexity to the system. And also, we design a weigh factor which is related to the number of the carriers and the percentage of LTE users in the method. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively increase the throughput of LTE users and improve the system fairness.

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Kishimoto, Yuki, Xiaoyan Wang, and Masahiro Umehira. "Reinforcement Learning for Joint Channel/Subframe Selection of LTE in the Unlicensed Spectrum." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (June 1, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9985972.

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In recent years, to cope with the rapid growth in mobile data traffic, increasing the capacity of cellular networks is receiving more and more attention. To this end, offloading the current LTE-advanced or 5G system’s data traffic from licensed spectrum to the unlicensed spectrum that is used by WiFi systems, i.e., LTE-Licensed-Assisted-Access (LTE-LAA), has been extensively investigated. In the current LTE-LAA system, a Listen-Before-Talk (LBT) approach is implemented, which requires the LTE user also perform carrier sense before the transmission. However, fair LTE-WiFi coexistence is still hard to guarantee due to their unbalanced frame sizes and traffic loads. In the LTE-LAA system, the optimal channel selection and subframe number adjustment are the keys to realize efficient spectrum utilization and fair system coexistence. To this end, in this paper, we propose a reinforcement learning-based joint channel/subframe selection scheme for LTE-LAA. The proposed approach is implemented at the LTE access points with zero knowledge of the WiFi systems. The results of extensive simulations verify that the proposed approach can significantly improve the fairness and packet loss rate compared with baseline schemes.

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Budiyanto, Setiyo, Erman Al Hakim, and Fajar Rahayu. "Economic technology analysis of LTE advanced pro dual spectrum licensed and unlicensed access using discounted cash flow methods." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 22, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i1.pp342-351.

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Since implementing the long term evolution (LTE) technology, the surge in data service traffic has increased, causing an increase in demand spectrum, which has resulted in gaps in capacity requirements. Wireless service providers can respond to LTE technology updates. With LTE advanced pro technology that utilizes unlicensed spectrum technology can provide solutions to increase capacity and throughput. In this study, LTE advanced pro planning by capacity method to find the number of eNodeB and using the discounted cash flow method to analyze the feasibility of the costs to be invested in the implementation of the LTE. The results of the four simulated scenarios concluded that the number of eNodeB from the IV scenario with 20 MHz bandwidth at 1800 MHz frequency and 20 MHz bandwidth at 5 GHz frequency amounted to 23 sites, with a positive NPV value of $ 271,936.96, IRR of 14.91%, and for payback period occurred in the 3rd year. Thus the fourth scenario is feasible to be implemented.

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Mansor, Mohamad ‘Ismat Hafizi, Huda Adibah Mohd Ramli, Ani Liza Asnawi, and Farah Nadia Mohd Isa. "Simulation of Packet Scheduling in Cognitive Long Term Evolution-Advanced." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 8, no. 2 (November 1, 2017): 533. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v8.i2.pp533-540.

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Real Time (RT) and Non-Real Time (NRT) multimedia content demand on mobile devices are increasing at a high pace. Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) is expected to cater these demands. However, LTE-A operates at fixed spectrum which leads to spectrum scarcity. Cognitive Radio (CR) is one the promising technologies that is used to overcome spectrum scarcity and implementation of CR into LTE-A will improve spectrum availability and efficiency of the network. Furthermore, with addition of Packet Scheduling (PS) in the cognitive LTE-A, QoS requirement of the mobile users can be guaranteed. However, the study on the stated is very limited. Thus, this paper models, simulates and evaluates performance of five well-known PS algorithms for supporting the RT and NRT multimedia contents. The simulation results show that Maximum- Largest Weighted Delay First (M-LWDF) is the best candidate for implementation in the cognitive LTE-A.

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Mohd Ramli, Huda Adibah, and Mohamad 'Ismat Hafizi Mansor. "AN ENHANCED PACKET SCHEDULING ALGORITHM FOR THE DOWNLINK COGNITIVE LONG TERM EVOLUTION-ADVANCED." IIUM Engineering Journal 21, no. 1 (January 20, 2020): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v21i1.1178.

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A packet scheduling algorithm known as Enhanced Maximum-Largest Weighted Delay First (EM-LWDF) is proposed in this paper. It aims to maximize the number of Real Time (RT) and Non Real Time (NRT) users that meet their desired Quality of Service (QoS) in the cognitive Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A). This cognitive LTE-A allows its Component Carriers (CCs) to be combined with licensed CCs from another system. This enables the LTE-A to further expand the available bandwidth for packet transmission. The EM-LWDF algorithm decides the priority of each user on the basis of the desired QoS of each packet, the urgency of each packet, channel quality and the average throughput. The potential of this algorithm is validated via computer simulation where it is able to simultaneously maximize more users that meet their desired QoS in realistic RT and NRT multimedia of the downlink cognitive LTE-A. ABSTRAK: Algoritma penjadualan paket yang dikenali sebagai Enhanced Maximum-Largest Weighted Delay First (EM-LWDF) dicadangkan dalam kertas ini. Ia bertujuan untuk memaksimumkan bilangan pengguna Real Time (RT) dan Non Real Time (NRT) yang memenuhi Kualiti Perkhidmatan yang dikehendaki (QoS) dalam system kognitif Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A). Kognitif LTE-A ini membolehkan Carrier Component (CC) untuk digabungkan dengan CC berlesen dari sistem lain. Ini membolehkan LTE-A untuk memperluaskan jalur lebar yang tersedia bagi penghantaran paket. Algoritma EM-LWDF menentukan keutamaan setiap pengguna berdasarkan QoS yang dikehendaki dari setiap paket, kecemasan setiap paket, kualiti saluran dan purata penghantaran. Potensi algoritma ini disahkan melalui simulasi komputer di mana ia dapat memaksimumkan lebih banyak pengguna yang memenuhi QoS yang dikehendaki mereka dalam realistik RT dan NRT multimedia dari downlink sistem kognitif LTE-A.

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Bao, Song Jian, Shou Liang Yang, and Ling Gang Zeng. "Space-Time Block Coding Cooperation Improved Algorithm Based on LTE-Advanced." Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (September 2013): 1998–2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.1998.

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Abstract. LTE-Advanced is positioned on the higher data rates and a greater system capacity. In order to meet the goal, LTE-Advanced will undoubtedly introduce new wireless technology. The relay technology as key candidate technology of LTE-Advanced system can brings greater coverage and system capacity for residential area. Cooperative relay signal processing methods include amplification forward relay and decoding relay. So, proposed improve the cooperative relay based on the space-time coding, introduced precoding in front of the relay data sent and find out the optimal space-time coding transmission. Through the computer simulation, fully verified the feasibility of improved space-time coding transmission algorithm.

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Suresh Babu, Kolluru, and Srikanth Vemuru. "A Low-Cost Software Defined Radio Based Cognitive Radio Test-Bed for LTE Networks." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.1 (August 4, 2018): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.1.16797.

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In this work, we present a low-cost implementation of a Cognitive Radio (CR) test-bed for LTE and LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) Networks. The test-bed setup is implemented using highly integrated Software Defined Radio (SDR) platforms which are well suited for wireless communication. Each transceiver can be configured to work as a primary (resp. secondary) eNodeB or a primary (resp. secondary) user in a Heterogeneous Cognitive Radio framework. In this context, we study the problem of spectrum management in an LTE based heterogeneous network and propose simple distributed algorithms which the secondary eNodeB can employ to efficiently manage the spectral opportunities that arise in such a network. Experimental validation show significant improvement in the secondary link throughput.

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Wu, Wei, Jin Gan Liu, and Xiu Zhi Guan. "D2D Mobile Relay in TD-LTE-Advanced System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 738-739 (March 2015): 1101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.738-739.1101.

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The UEs at the edge of the cell in TD-LTE-Advanced system suffer from a poor communication quality invariably. In this paper, a novel relay mechanism, called Device-to-Device mobile relay (D2DMR), is proposed. In the D2DMR mechanism, the UE at the edge of the cell or in a poor coverage area can communicate with eNodeB via another UE’s relay. The link between these two UEs is established in the Device-to-Device (D2D) communication mode. The D2DMR mechanism can expand the cell coverage and improve the system capacity of TD-LTE-Advanced system with little interference. Numerical analysis and simulation results show that the D2DMR mechanism can improve the throughput of the TD-LTE-Advanced system greatly.

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Iskandar, Iskandar, I. Setyawan, and H. Nuraini. "Inter-cell Interference Management Technique for Multi-Cell LTE-A Network." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 7, no. 5 (October 1, 2017): 2696. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v7i5.pp2696-2705.

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In modern cellular system such as LTE Advanced (LTE-A), frequency reuse scheme is targeted to be applied to fulfill the requirement of high capacity broadband access and high spectrum efficiency. But this kind of frequency planning may lead to the worse inter-cell interference (ICI) level experienced especially by a user located at the cell edge. Soft Frequency Reuse (SFR) is considered as an effective way to mitigate inter-cell interference and maintain capacity. We propose a power division SFR, known as multi level SFR technique to minimize ICI in a designed LTE-A network for sub-urban environment. Service area of LTE-A network was first developed to deploy particular number of eNB by using LTE network planning tools in the frequency of 1800 MHz with the use of SISO (Single Input Single Output) antennas. Coverage dimensioning and propagation consideration determine LTE-A parameters which were used in the simulation. Monte carlo simulation is executed to examine the performance of SFR for LTE-A downlink transmission to address different power ratio and traffic loads problem. Both performance of cell edge users and overall cell performance are evaluated in terms of CINR, BLER, and throughput. Performance with SFR is also compared with the classical frequency reuse one and three.

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Rajesh P., Madhusudana C.K., Prakash Nagarajan, and Rakesh Hanumantha. "Phase Synchronization Impact on Throughput Performance in LTE Network." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Telecommunications and Networking 9, no. 4 (October 2017): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitn.2017100103.

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This paper presents a study of phase synchronization impact on throughput in Long Term Evolution (LTE) network with different transport protocols. Phase synchronization is needed for advanced features in LTE and other precise technologies with minimal clock error of Nano seconds. An End to End LTE testing environment is built by using real User Equipment (UE) and LTE core network for studying the throughput impact due to Phase Synchronization in different transport modes. This experimentation is carried out for comparing the throughput of the system with Frequency Synchronization Mode (FM) and Frequency & Phase synchronization Mode (FPM). A novel study has been conducted on throughput for TCP and UDP traffic in different LTE bandwidths, based on real traffic conditions. The study shows that system performance in Uplink (UL) and Downlink (DL) throughput has improved by using Frequency along with Phase synchronization in LTE network using GPS as a clock source.

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Khabazian, Mehdi, Osama Kubbar, and Hossam Hassanein. "A fairness-based preemption algorithm for LTE-Advanced." Qatar Foundation Annual Research Forum Proceedings, no. 2012 (October 2012): CSP18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarf.2012.csp18.

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Suryawanshi, Rajashree, P. Kavipriya, and B. P. Patil. "A Novel Modulation Scheme of 8x8 MIMO in Industry 4.0." Journal of Cases on Information Technology 23, no. 3 (July 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcit.20210701.oa1.

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A key component in the usage of Industry 4.0 arrangements is the up and coming age of system network, LTE/LTE advanced today, and 5G, later on. Industry 4.0 is conveying private LTE arranges today, as they trust it will give them an upper hand and a solid head start when 5G opens up. LTE uses multiple input multiple output (MIMO), a promising technique to accomplish the necessary data rate. This article presents consequences of 8x8 MIMO framework in fading channel utilizing V-BLAST by means of zero-forcing (ZF) with standard ZF. The relative investigation in the fading channel on account of symbol error proves V-BLAST by means of ZF has predominant execution than standard ZF finder. In addition to this, in order to support adaptive modulation, various M-QAM modulation schemes for these detectors are compared. This comparison shows 128-QAM performs superiorly to staying two. This investigation is carried out to help utilization of MIMO in LTE to support Industry 4.0.

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Kuo, Yen-Wei, and Li-Der Chou. "Power Saving Scheduling Scheme for Internet of Things over LTE/LTE-Advanced Networks." Mobile Information Systems 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/971538.

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The devices of Internet of Things (IoT) will grow rapidly in the near future, and the power consumption and radio spectrum management will become the most critical issues in the IoT networks. Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology will become a promising technology used in IoT networks due to its flat architecture, all-IP network, and greater spectrum efficiency. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) specified the Discontinuous Reception (DRX) to reduce device’s power consumption. However, the DRX may pose unexpected communication delay due to missing Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) information in sleep mode. Recent studies mainly focus on optimizing DRX parameters to manage the tradeoff between the energy consumption and communication latency. In this paper, we proposed a fuzzy-based power saving scheduling scheme for IoT over the LTE/LTE-Advanced networks to deal with the issues of the radio resource management and power consumption from the scheduling and resource allocation perspective. The proposed scheme considers not only individual IoT device’s real-time requirement but also the overall network performance. The simulation results show that our proposed scheme can meet the requirements of the DRX cycle and scheduling latency and can save about half of energy consumption for IoT devices compared to conventional approaches.

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Wang, Qiong, Zhao Xia Zhang, and Jia Liu. "An Improved Precoding Algorithm for LTE-Advanced CoMP System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 427-429 (September 2013): 2519–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.427-429.2519.

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In LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) system, coordinated multi-point (CoMP) technology can reduce inter-cell interference effectively, and improve the communication quality of the cell edge users. The main purpose of this paper is to optimize the precoding algorithm and enhance the overall cell throughput in LTE-A CoMP downlink. Based on CoMP-JP, we focus on zero-forcing (ZF), block diagonalization (BD) and signal-to-leakage-plus-noise-ratio (SLNR). We propose an improved precoding algorithm (ZF-SLNR) which combines the advantages of ZF and SLNR . Simulation results suggest that ZF-SLNR algorithm provides appreciable performance improvement.

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Mattoo, Mohd Mueen Ul Islam, and Huda Adibah Mohd Ramli. "A study of packet scheduling algorithms in long term evolution-advanced." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 18, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i1.pp516-524.

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The allocation of radio resources is one of the most critical functions performed by the Radio Resource Management (RRM) mechanisms in the downlink Long Term Evolution – Advanced (LTE-Advanced). Packet scheduling concerns itself with allocation of these radio resources in an intelligent manner such that system throughput/capacity can be maximized whilst the required multimedia Quality of Service (QoS) is met. Majority of the previous studies of packet scheduling algorithms for LTE-Advanced did not take the effect of channel impairments into account. However, in real world the channel impairments cannot be obliterated completely and have a direct impact on the packet scheduling performance. As such, this work studies the impact of channel impairments on packet scheduling performance in a practical downlink LTE-Advanced. The simulation results obtained demonstrate the efficacy of RM2 scheduling algorithm over other scheduling algorithms in maximizing the system capacity and is more robust on the effect of the cellular channel impairments.

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Li, Qiang, and Xi Jin. "Study and Application of Data Stub in TD-LTE." Applied Mechanics and Materials 427-429 (September 2013): 2672–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.427-429.2672.

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LTE (long term evolution) and its advanced technology have become a research focus of worldwide mobile communication development. This paper mainly proposes a method of data stub which can be used to speed up the development of TD-LTE equipment. Through analysing and implementing the complete TD-LTE access procedure, we find it is feasible that the development, debugging and verifying protocol signaling procedures are carried out by data stub in parallel. That can accelerate the project development schedule and promote the combination of software and hardware as early as possible. In the process of TD-LTE eNB development, comparing with the method of traditional serial development and debugging, we have shortened nearly half of the time taken to develop and debug TD-LTE attach procedure by data stub.

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Lin, Cheng-Chung, Kumbesan Sandrasegaran, Xinning Zhu, and Zhuliang Xu. "Limited Comp Handover Algorithm For LTE-Advanced." Journal of Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/462416.

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Coordinated multipoint (CoMP) transmission and reception is the key technique in LTE-Advanced to improve the cell-edge throughput and/or system throughput. Joint processing (JP) in CoMP technology provides multiple data transmission points for each user among multiple cooperated radio base stations. Hard handover mechanism is adopted to be used in LTE-Advanced. Standard hard handover algorithm could not satisfy the concept of JP in CoMP in LTE-A due to the constraint of single connection for each user at any time. While the radio resources in the system are fixed, the more multiple data connections a user has, the more radio resources are used for the extra data connections, thus the lower capacity a system becomes. Therefore a new handover algorithm that not only supports JP in CoMP but also takes system capacity into consideration in LTE-A system is necessary. This paper proposes a new handover algorithm known as Limited CoMP Handover Algorithm to support JP in CoMP and overcome the system capacity issue. System performance of Limited CoMP Handover Algorithm is evaluated and compared with open literature handover algorithm via simulation in this paper. The simulation results show that Limited CoMP Handover Algorithm outperforms open literature handover algorithm by having shorter system delay and less system load whilst maintaining a higher system throughput in a high congested network.

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Abdul Latiff, Liza, Huda Adibah Mohd Ramli, Ani Liza Asnawi, and Nur Haliza Abdul Wahab. "A STUDY ON CHANNEL AND DELAY-BASED SCHEDULING ALGORITHMS FOR LIVE VIDEO STREAMING IN THE FIFTH GENERATION LONG TERM EVOLUTION-ADVANCED." IIUM Engineering Journal 23, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): 233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.2115.

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This paper investigates the performance of a number of channel and delay-based scheduling algorithms for an efficient QoS (Quality of Service) provision with more live video streaming users over the Fifth Generation Long-Term Evolution-Advanced (5G LTE-A) network. These algorithms were developed for use in legacy wireless networks and minor changes were made to enable these algorithms to perform packet scheduling in the downlink 5G LTE-A. The efficacies of the EXP and M-LWDF algorithms in maximizing the number of live video streaming users at the desired transmission reliability, minimizing the average network delay and maximizing network throughput, are shown via simulations. As the M-LWDF has a simpler mathematical equation as compared to the EXP, it is more favoured for implementation in the complex downlink 5G LTE-A. ABSTRAK: Kertas ini menyiasat prestasi sebilangan saluran dan algoritma penjadualan berdasarkan kelewatan untuk penyediaan QoS (Kualiti Perkhidmatan) yang cekap dengan banyak pengguna video secara langsung melalui rangkaian Generasi Kelima Long-Term Evolution Advanced (5G LTE-A). Algoritma-algoritma yang disiasat di dalam kertas ini dicadangkan untuk digunakan dalam generasi rangkaian tanpa wayar yang lama dan sedikit perubahan dibuat untuk membolehkan algoritma ini menyokong penjadualan paket dalam downlink 5G LTE-A. Keberkesanan EXP dan M-LWDF algoritma dalam memaksimumkan jumlah pengguna pada kebolehpercayaan transmisi yang diinginkan dari streaming video secara langsung, meminimumkan kelewatan rangkaian, dan memaksimumkan truput rangkaian ditunjukkan melalui simulasi. Namun, dengan M-LWDF mempunyai formula matematik yang mudah dibandingkan dengan EXP, ia lebih sesuai untuk digunakan dalam downlink 5G LTE-A yang lebih kompleks.

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Khandekar, Atharva. "A Comparative Study of 4G and VoLTE." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 12 (December 31, 2021): 2338–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39713.

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Abstract: This research paper provides an insight into the comparison between VoLTE and 4G. 4G Wireless Systems or Fourth generation wireless system is a packet switched wireless system with wide area coverage and high throughput. It is designed to be cost effective and to provide high spectral efficiency. VoLTE (voice over LTE) supports voice calls over 4G LTE network. With advanced VoLTE technology, the 4G network now provides high-speed data services, high-quality voice and video calls at affordable price. This paper first presents the challenges and benefits of both 4G and VoLTE and then compares them with consideration of different points. Keywords: GSM, LTE, VoLTE, 3G, HSPA, RAN

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Bilios, Dimitrios, Christos Bouras, Georgios Diles, Vasileios Kokkinos, Andreas Papazois, and Georgia Tseliou. "A Simulation Framework for the Evaluation of Frequency Reuse in LTE-A Systems." International Journal of Wireless Networks and Broadband Technologies 3, no. 2 (April 2014): 56–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijwnbt.2014040104.

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Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) technology is considered as the most possible candidate for next generation mobile communications. LTE-A networks offer high capacity and are specified and designed to accommodate small, high performance, power-efficient end-user devices. Similarly to its predecessor LTE, LTE-A incorporates inter-cell interference mitigation methods in order to mitigate interference and to enhance efficiency in bandwidth usage. These methods include power and frequency allocation schemes that allow neighbouring cells and femtocells in heterogeneous networks to co-ordinately share and reuse available spectral resources, in order to avoid performance degradation for interference suffering cell-edge users. In this paper, the authors study the LTE-A multi-cell systems' performance using a simulation framework, which integrates several frequency reuse techniques and provides a user-friendly graphical presentation of the evaluation results. The optimal Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) configuration for the user-defined network instance is also determined, based on overall performance and fairness index metrics. Finally, the authors examine FFR techniques in two-tier femtocell/macrocell environments and evaluate them based on the optimization of different metrics, depending on the network operator's needs.

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S, Pradeep. "A Novel HWRR-SJF Scheduling Algorithm for Optimal Performance Improvement in LTE System." International Journal of Engineering Education 1, no. 1 (June 15, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijee.1.1.1-8.

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In currently, the revolution in a high-speed broadband network is the requirement and also endless demand for high data rate and mobility. To achieve above requirement, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has been established the Long Time Evolution (LTE). LTE has established an improved LTE radio interface named LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) and it is a promising technology for providing broadband, mobile Internet access. But, better Quality of Service (QoS) to provide for customers is the main issue in LTE-A. To reduce the above issue, the packets should be utilized by using one of the most significant function of packet scheduling to upgrading system performance via determines the throughput performance. In existing scheme, the user with poor Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) has smaller throughput issue is not focused. In this paper, a Hybrid Weighted Round Robin with Shortest Job First (HWRR-SJF) Scheduling technique is proposed to enhance efficient throughput and fairness in LTE system for stationary and mobile users. In this proposed scheduling, to schedule users according to a different criterion like fairness and CQI. HWRR-SJF Scheduling has been proposed for scheduling of the users and it produces increased throughput for various SNR values simulated alongside Pedestrian and Vehicular moving models. The proposed method also uses a 4G-LTE filter or Digital Dividend (DD) in order to align the incoming signal. The digital dividend is used to remove white spaces, which refer to frequencies assigned to a broadcasting service but not used locally. The proposed model is very effective for users in terms of the performance metrics like packet loss, throughput, packet delay, spectral efficiency, fairness and it has been verified through MATLAB simulations.

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Wei, Hung Che, and Chih Lung Hsiao. "A Low Power CMOS Bulk-Controlled Sub-Harmonic Mixer for LTE-Advanced Applications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 2423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.2423.

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In this paper, a 3.5 GHz CMOS sub-harmonic mixer for LTE-advanced applications is presented. The mixer with the bulk-controlled technique improves the linearity and mitigates the power of the local oscillator. The proposed mixer is implemented by tsmc 0.18 μm Mixed Signal RF CMOS 1P6M process and consumes 2.2 mA from a 1.2 V supply. The proposed mixer operates at 3.5GHz LTE-advanced bands and achieves maximum input third-order intercept point (IIP3) of 2.3dBm, power conversion gains of 1.3 dB.

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Younes, Balboul, and Najiba El Amrani El Idrissi. "Inter-cell Interference Mitigation through Flexible Resource Reuse, LP-OFDM and Coordination techniques for LTE Advanced in Dense Urban Area." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 3, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v3.i3.pp527-533.

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The inter-cell interference problem is a key issue in LTE Advanced system especially in dense urban environments. This paper present a new inter-cell interference reduction technique for LTE Advanced downlink system in dense urban area based on a new coordination algorithm with the use of linear precoding OFDM, coordination between cells and power management techniques. The objective of our new technique is to improve cell edge and centre capacity in LTE Advanced downlink system. For this purpose, we prove with real time simulations using Matlab that the S.F.R and P.F.R scheme with our algorithm is a good candidate to enhance the average cell capacity and edge user experience, without sacrificing the average cell throughput.

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Santacruz, Jhovany, and Rafael Garcia. "Convergencia de las Comunicaciones Móviles hacia Sistemas LTE y LTE-A de Cuarta Generación." Killkana Técnica 1, no. 1 (June 6, 2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.26871/killkana_tecnica.v1i1.16.

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Este artículo plantea un análisis histórico de la vertiginosa evolución que han tenido y mantienen los sistemas decomunicaciones móviles y sus tecnologías subyacentes. En principio se realiza una descripción breve, pero didáctica de lasdiferentes tecnologías asociadas a cada una de las generaciones que han aparecido en términos de su evolución cronológica,dejando en claro los beneﬁcios que suponen, así como sus principales limitantes que han dado paso a otros tipos deimplementaciones encaminadas a mejorar las tasas de transferencia de datos, manejo de medios y la movilidad del usuario.Finalmente, se brinda una descripción, no muy exhaustiva, pero lo suﬁcientemente detallada para su entendimiento,de las tecnologías LTE y su evolución hacia LTE-Advanced, como referentes de la cuarta generación de móviles (4G),actualmente la más difundida, y sobre cuya base continua un marcado proceso de desarrollo e innovación.

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Ashigwuike, Evans C., Sadiq A. Umar, and Stephen O. Okpanachi Moses. "Analysis of DVB-T2 and LTE Networks Co-Existence in the Digital Dividend Band in Nigeria." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 5, no. 6 (June 15, 2020): 698–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.6.1942.

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This paper, present results of the analysis of DVB-T2 and LTE network co-existence in Nigeria. The Spectrum Engineering Advanced Monte Carlo Analysis Tool (SEAMCAT) used to analyse the co-existence. The findings of the study reveals that the blocking interference is the dominant effect and to ensure that the probability of interference is below the threshold of 5%. It is mandatory to decrease the transmission power of the LTE from 196mw to 25mw. Consequently, the protection ratio for DVB-T2 and LTE should be maintained for a seamless co-existence.

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Ashigwuike, Evans C., Sadiq A. Umar, and Stephen O. Okpanachi Moses. "Analysis of DVB-T2 and LTE Networks Co-Existence in the Digital Dividend Band in Nigeria." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 5, no. 6 (June 15, 2020): 698–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2020.5.6.1942.

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This paper, present results of the analysis of DVB-T2 and LTE network co-existence in Nigeria. The Spectrum Engineering Advanced Monte Carlo Analysis Tool (SEAMCAT) used to analyse the co-existence. The findings of the study reveals that the blocking interference is the dominant effect and to ensure that the probability of interference is below the threshold of 5%. It is mandatory to decrease the transmission power of the LTE from 196mw to 25mw. Consequently, the protection ratio for DVB-T2 and LTE should be maintained for a seamless co-existence.

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González, Giselle, Danaisy Prado, Francisco Marante, and Arielys Ledesma. "Análisis de las prestaciones de los sistemas LTE y LTE-Advanced a partir de procesos de simulación." Ingeniare. Revista chilena de ingeniería 25, no. 3 (September 2017): 364–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-33052017000300364.

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Wang, Chiapin, Chi-Ming Li, and Kuo-Chang Ting. "Energy-efficient and QoS-aware discontinuous reception using a multi-cycle mechanism in 3GPP LTE/LTE-advanced." Telecommunication Systems 64, no. 4 (July 12, 2016): 599–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11235-016-0194-y.

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Peng, Kang-Chun, and Chan-Hung Lee. "A Novel Quadrature-Tracking Demodulator for LTE-A Applications." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2018 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8712414.

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This work develops an advanced quadrature-tracking demodulation technique for coherently demodulating the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signal of LTE-A systems. To overcome the fact that traditional coherent demodulators are extremely sensitive to the quadrature imbalance of a system, especially an OFDM system, the proposed architecture uses a novel quadrature phase-locked loop (QPLL) to track simultaneously the in phase (I-phase) and the quadrature phase (Q-phase) of the received signal. This advanced quadrature-tracking demodulator is realized using TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS technology and hybrid circuits. Experimental results indicate that the developed quadrature-tracking demodulator, which operates at 2.1~2.5 GHz, can effectively demodulate an 18 Mbps LTE-A signal, even with a 15 degree quadrature imbalance.

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Kadhem, Mohammed Baqer Salam, and Bayan Mahdi Sabbar. "Performance Evaluation of Channel Equalizer Techniques in LTE-Advanced under Vehicular Environments." Webology 19, no. 1 (January 20, 2022): 5259–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v19i1/web19353.

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The 3GPP LTE standard has developed into the most innovative wireless technology for future generations, capable of data transmission data at rates exceeding 1 Gbps. Improving total user communication performance highly depends on selecting the detection technique correctly, however, by choosing the proper mode of transmission. We analyzed channel equalization techniques Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) and Soft-Sphere Decoder (SSD), at the downlink of physical-layer of LTE‑A system under MIMO technology, besides studying the characteristics of utilizing various transmission schemes such-as Transmit Diversity (TxD) and Spatial Multiplexing (SM) (Open-Loop SM (OLSM) and Closed-Loop SM (CLSM)). For MIMO technology, the 4x2 configuration of transmitter-receiver antennas is preferred. To simulate and evaluate the system’s performance in throughput and Bit Error Rate (BER) used the LTE-A link level simulation program developed by “The Vienna University of Technology” which used in MATLAB, across various channel type including Vehicular-A (VehA) at a speed of 30km/s and Vehicular-B (VehB) at a speed of 120km/s.

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A.Asaker, A., R. S. Ghoname, and A. A. Zekry. "Design of a Planar MIMO Antenna for LTE-Advanced." International Journal of Computer Applications 115, no. 12 (April 22, 2015): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/20207-2465.

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Hwang, Jin-Yup, and Sang-Wook Lee. "Advanced Receiver for Interference Cancellation in 3GPP LTE-A." Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences 39A, no. 7 (July 31, 2014): 389–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7840/kics.2014.39a.7.389.

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Arafat, Abdullah Omar, Akram Al-Hourani, Nazmus S. Nafi, and Mark A. Gregory. "A Survey on Dynamic Spectrum Access for LTE-Advanced." Wireless Personal Communications 97, no. 3 (August 3, 2017): 3921–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11277-017-4707-0.

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Chen, Jengyueng, Chunchuan Yang, and Yiting Mai. "A novel smart forwarding scheme in LTE-Advanced networks." China Communications 12, no. 3 (March 2015): 120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cc.2015.7084370.

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El-Mashed, Mohamed G., and S. El-Rabaie. "Advanced Relay Station for LTE-A Downlink Physical Layer." Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research 24, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/mjeer.2015.64128.

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Mohammadi, Behnam, Masoud Kahrizi, Ahmad Mirzaei, Sining Zhou, Amir Hadji-Abdolhamid, John C. Leete, Bernd Pregardier, et al. "A Rel-12 2G/3G/LTE-Advanced 2CC Transmitter." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 51, no. 5 (May 2016): 1080–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2015.2511167.

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Journal articles on the topic 'LTE-Advanced, LTE-A'

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