Academic literature on the topic 'LSD-GAIN OF FUNCTION'

Silorane low shrink composite resin material introduced with a non-methacrylateresin matrix to realize a fundamental improvement in cure shrinkage, clinical andphysical properties. The aim of this study is to measure the water sorption of threetype of composite material: Filtek P90, Filtek P60, IPS Empress composites afterimmersion in deionized distilled water as a function of time.Thirty disk shape plastic molds (4 mm diameter and 2mm thickness) wereconstructed to form composite blocks. Teen blocks were made from Filtek P 90(Silorane) GI, Filtek P 60 (packable) GII and IPS Empress (Nanohybrid) GIII. Allspecimens were placed in a silica-gel desiccator for 48 hours. The samples were thenweighed three times using calibrated electronic microbalance and the average readingwas recorded to the nearest 0. 0001g then specimens were kept in individualcontainers in deionized distilled water at 37 oC. All specimens were periodicallyweighed. The weight measurements were taken from the second day after incubationand continue as one measurement every week for 6 weeks. Data were subjected tostatistical analysis using descriptive analysis, ANOVA and least significantdifferences LSD test.Statistical analysis of the results showed that all the specimens continued to gainweight for a period of 4 weeks. After that period the weight gain continued, althoughat reduced rate. Filtek P90 (Silorane) GI has highly significant less water sorptionvalue ( p < 0.01) than the other groups after 6 weeks, while there was no significantdifferences ( p > 0.٠٥) between IPS Empress (Nanohybrid ) GIII and Filtek P60 (Packable ) GII in their water sorption value with higher value for GIII.Silorane which based on siloxane and oxirane resin matrix has less value after 6weeks followed by Packable composite while IPS Empress has higher value for watersorption. This study concluded that the differences in water sorption capacity of thethree composite resin materials are related to the differences in the type of resinmatrix, the amount of filler loading and filler particle size.

Psychoactive drugs can transiently perturb brain physiology while preserving brain structure. The role of physiological state in shaping neural function can therefore be investigated through neuroimaging of pharmacologically induced effects. Previously, using pharmacological neuroimaging, we found that neural and experiential effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) are attributable to agonism of the serotonin-2A receptor (Preller et al., 2018). Here, we integrate brain-wide transcriptomics with biophysically based circuit modeling to simulate acute neuromodulatory effects of LSD on human cortical large-scale spatiotemporal dynamics. Our model captures the inter-areal topography of LSD-induced changes in cortical blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional connectivity. These findings suggest that serotonin-2A-mediated modulation of pyramidal-neuronal gain is a circuit mechanism through which LSD alters cortical functional topography. Individual-subject model fitting captures patterns of individual neural differences in pharmacological response related to altered states of consciousness. This work establishes a framework for linking molecular-level manipulations to systems-level functional alterations, with implications for precision medicine.

Trace mineral minerals Zn, Cu, and Mn play important roles in breeder production and progeny performance. The objective of this study was to determine maternal supplementation of trace mineral minerals on breeder production and progeny growth and development. A total of 540 broiler breeders, Cobb 500 (Slow feathering; 0–66 weeks old) were assigned to one of three treatment groups with the same basal diet and three different supplemental trace minerals: ITM–inorganic trace minerals in sulfates: 100, 16, and 100 ppm of Zn, Cu, and Mn respectively; MMHAC -mineral methionine hydroxy analog chelate: 50, 8, and 50 ppm of bis-chelated MINTREX®Zn, Cu and Mn (Novus International, Inc.), and TMAAC - trace minerals amino acid complex: 50, 8, and 50 ppm of Zn, Cu, and Mn. At 28 weeks of age, eggs from breeder treatments were hatched for progeny trial, 10 pens with 6 males and 6 female birds per pen were fed a common diet with ITM for 45 days. Breeder production, egg quality, progeny growth performance, mRNA expression of gut health associated genes in breeder and progeny chicks were measured. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA; means were separated by Fisher’s protected LSD test. A p-Value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically different and 0.1 was considered numerical trend. Breeders on ITM treatment had higher (p &lt; 0.05) body weight (BW), weight gain and lower (p &lt; 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) from 0 to 10 weeks, when compared to birds fed MMHAC. MMHAC significantly improved egg mass by 3 g (p &lt; 0.05) and FCR by 34 points (0.05 &lt; p &lt; 0.1) throughout the reproductive period (26–66 weeks) in comparison to ITM. MMHAC improved (p &lt; 0.01) egg yolk color versus (vs.) ITM and TMAAC in all periods, except 28 weeks, increased (p &lt; 0.01) eggshell thickness and resistance vs. TMAAC at 58 weeks, and reduced (p &lt; 0.05) jejunal NF-κB gene expression vs. TMAAC at 24 weeks. There was a significant reduction in tibial dry matter weight, Seedor index and resistance for the breeders that received MMHAC and/or TMAAC when compared to ITM at 18 weeks. Lower seedor index but numerically wider tibial circumference was seen in hens fed MMHAC at 24 weeks, and wider tibial circumference but lower tibial resistance in hens fed TMAAC at 66 weeks. Maternal supplementation of MMHAC in breeder hens increased (p &lt; 0.0001) BW vs. ITM and TMAAC at hatching, reduced (p &lt; 0.05) feed intake vs. ITM at d14 and d28, and improved (p &lt; 0.01) FCR and performance index vs. TMAAC at d28, reduced (p &lt; 0.01) NF-κB gene expression and increased (p &lt; 0.05) A20 gene expression vs. TMAAC on d0 and vs. ITM on d14, reduced (p &lt; 0.05) TLR2 gene expression vs. ITM on d0 and vs. TMAAC on d14, increased (p &lt; 0.05) MUC2 gene expression vs. both ITM and TMAAC on d45 in progeny jejunum. Overall, these results suggest that supplementation with lower levels of MHA-chelated trace minerals improved breeder production and egg quality and reduced breeder jejunal inflammation while maintaining tibial development in comparison to those receiving higher inorganic mineral supplementation, and it also carried over the benefits to progeny with better growth performance, less jejunal inflammation and better innate immune response and gut barrier function in comparison to ITM and/or TMAAC.

The present work was conducted to study the effect of low fat diet (LFD), almonds, green coffee, mackerel fish and the combination of all of them on loss of weight, lipid profile, serum glucose, leptin hormone, liver enzymes and kidney functions of obese rats. Methods: In this research, researcher used normal male albino rats (n=42). This group of rats was divided into two major groups. The first group (n=6 rats) fed on standard diet and was considered as a group of negative control. The second group (n= 36 rat) fed high fat diet for six weeks on to induce of obesity. Rats in the second group were randomly assigned to six equal subgroups: Subgroup (1) fed on HFD (consist of 20% fat) and used as (control positive) 1; Subgroups (2) fed on LFD containing only (10% fat) and used as (control positive) 2. Subgroup The third sub-group feeds on low fat diet LFD containing (almonds, which provided the diet with 5% oil hydrogenated oils 4% and soy oil 1%). Subgroup (4) fed on LFD and treated each rat daily in this group with 3 ml green coffee. Subgroup (5) fed on LFD containing (mackerel fish, which provided the diet with 5% fat, hydrogenated oils 4% and soy oil 1%). Subgroup (6) fed on LFD containing (almonds which provided the diet with 5% oil and mackerel fish which provided the diet with 5% oil) and treated each rat daily in this group with 3 ml green coffee The obtained data were tested with one-way ANOVA (mean ± standard deviation and one-way ANOVA test) using SAS package and compared with each other using the LSD (least significant differences at P< 0.05. Results: Body weight gain % of rats increased significantly by feeding on a high-fat diet, also, serum "glucose, leptin hormone, cholesterol, triglyceride, lipoprotein cholesterol except HDL-c, kidney functions, liver increased in rats fed on HFD, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased, in comparison with the group of negative control group fed on basal diet. Conclusion: Treatment of obese rats with LFDs, LFDs containing almond, LFDs containing green coffee, LFDs containing mackerel fish, and obese rats treated with all these improved all parameters.

Lysosomal storage disorders (LSD) are a large group of inherited genetic diseases caused by impaired activity of lysosomal enzymes leading to accumulation of undigested macromolecules within the lysosomes and thus cell dysfunction. The clinical manifestation is heterogeneous and neurological involvement represents a major problem. The correction of the defective gene/protein represents the primary strategy for the treatment of these genetic conditions. However, the clinical translation of these approaches is very challenging because of the difficulty in achieving and maintaining therapeutic threshold levels of the corrective enzyme in targeted tissues (particularly in the brain) avoiding the toxicity associated to the high dosage of either viral vectors or infused corrective enzymes. To address this challenge, I have employed a strategy by which lysosomal enzymes are modified to improve their therapeutic potential. Specifically, I have developed and validated a tool through which is possible to generate gain-of-function variants of lysosomal enzymes that exhibit enhanced catalytic activity and/or increased stability in physiological conditions. I believe that enzyme variants generated by my work may produce a beneficial effect in targeted tissues (particularly in the brain) more efficiently and therefore, at lower doses compared to the respective WT enzymes. Therefore, my data may pave the way for the development of enhanced replacement therapies with improved clinical translationability to treat CNS in multiple LSDs.