Academic literature on the topic 'Lower-Hybrid plasma resonance'

The electron-positron pair annihilation effects on the electrostatic hybrid resonance oscillation are investigated in semi-bounded magnetized dusty pair plasmas. The surface wave dispersion relation is obtained by the plasma dielectric function with the specular reflection condition. The result shows the existence lower hybrid resonance oscillation modes in semi-bounded dusty pair plasmas. It is found that the electron-positron annihilation events enhance the lower hybrid resonance oscillation frequency. It is also found that the lower hybrid resonance frequency decreases with increasing the ratio of the positron density to the electron density. In addition, the lower hybrid resonance frequency decreases with increasing the strength of the magnetic field

AbstractThis paper describes some aspects of lower-hybrid wave activity in space plasmas. Lower-hybrid waves are particularly important since they can transfer energy efficiently between electrons and ions in a collisionless magnetized plasma. We consider the ‘fan’ or anomalous Doppler resonance instability driven by energetic electron tails and show that it is responsible for the generation of lower-hybrid waves. We also demonstrate that observations of their intensity are sufficient to drive the modulational instability.

The problem of the wave fields excited by a gap source at the edge of an inhomogeneous, magnetized plasma with a pair of lower-hybrid resonance layers present and bounded by conducting walls is solved. The approach used is that of a solution as a sum of multiply-reflected extraordinary mode and ion-thermal resonance cones as an alternative to the guided-wave mode approach. This is achieved by dividing up the plasma into cross-sections where WKB solutions are valid, and into lower-hybrid resonance layers where asymptotic methods are employed and connexion coefficients between each region are obtained. A diagrammatic scheme for writing the solution is introduced which can in principle be used to write down the solution for any problem of this general type once the connexion coefficients across a resonance layer have been determined via asymptotic analysis. This allows a determination in great detail of the structure and properties of the resonance cones in our model and the way they transform across the back-to-back hybrid layers. Evanescent resonance cones are found to exist in the high-density region between the hybrid resonance layers and tunnel through to the other side, maintaining their general structure if the layer is relatively thin.

Parametric instabilities of upper-hybrid oscillations trapped in a plasma density depletion across an ambient magnetic field are investigated. Approximate dispersion relations are derived, which lead to the identification of two parametric instabilities of the localized upper-hybrid bounded wave structure. Both are related to trapped upper-hybrid oscillation resonances. The first is a decay to a frequency of a trapped wave resonance, downshifted from the applied frequency, where the downshift must be slightly larger than the lower-hybrid frequency. The second instability can exist when the applied frequency is slightly below the arithmetic mean of the frequencies of two trapped oscillation resonances; then the antiStokes component of one is in resonance with the Stokes component of the other. Both slab and two-dimensional geometries are considered.

The stochastic properties of a plasma are taken into account in the consideration of the modulational interactions of waves associated with lower-hybrid (LH) resonance. The limits of applicability of the theory of weak plasma turbulence in the description of the modulational processes are found. It is demonstrated that the development of the modulational instability of waves with frequencies at the LH resonance results in a rapid decrease in stochasticity. This effect is associated with the formation of coherent structures due to the modulational interactions. Eventually a state with local minima of entropy in places where the coherent structures are located is formed. The description of the interaction between waves and particles in the coherent structures is discussed.

Abstract The steadystate superconducting tokamak (SST1) is aimed to demonstrate long pulse plasma discharges employing non-inductive current drive by means of lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) system. The major and minor radius of the machine is 1.1 m and 0.2 m, respectively. The LHCD system for SST1 comprises of klystrons, each rated for 0.5 MW-CW rf power at a frequency of 3.7 GHz. The grill antenna comprises of two rows, each row accommodating 32 waveguide elements. Electron cyclotron resonance breakdown assisted Ohmic plasma is formed in SST1 to overcome the issues associated with low loop voltage start-ups. With recent modifications in the poloidal coils configuration, even with narrow EC pulse (∼50 ms), good repeatable and consistent Ohmic plasmas could be produced which helped in carrying out LHCD current drive experiments on SST1. These experiments demonstrated both fully as well as partially driven non-inductive plasma current in SST1 tokamak. Discharges with zero loop voltages were obtained. The interaction of lower hybrid waves with plasma and generation of suprathermal electrons could be established using energy spectra measured by CdTe detectors. Various other signatures like drop in loop voltages, negative loop voltages, spikes in hard x-rays and increase in second harmonic ECE signal, further confirmed the current drive by LHW’s. The beneficial effect of LHW’s in suppressing hard x-rays was also demonstrated in these experiments. The longest discharge of ∼650 ms could be obtained in SST1 with the help of LHW’s. In this paper, the experimental results obtained with LHCD experiments on SST1 is reported and discussed in more details.

Abstract Based on experimentally obtained plasma parameters in an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source (ECRIS) and theoretical considerations, it is turned out the essential factor that is currently presumed to define the increase in multicharged ion current in ECRIS is not simply the density limit of ordinary wave and right-hand cutoffs, but is also higher density one of left-hand cutoff. There are two response guidelines that can be considered to make it possible to overcome limitations, except for the conventional simply increasing the frequency and the magnetic field strength. One is advanced high-frequency resonance, i.e., upper-hybrid resonance (UHR), which is conversion from electromagnetic to electrostatic wave essentially without cutoff. The others are due to the introduction of lower frequency waves than ECR’s one, which has no density limit in a more essential sense. The latter is the introduction of lower-hybrid resonance (LHR) or ion cyclotron resonance (ICR). We will describe experimentally obtained plasma parameters, and will discuss these candidate applications.

De nos jours, les plasmas sont principalement utilisés à des fins industrielles. L'un des exemples les plus fréquemment cités d'utilisation industrielle est la production d'énergie électrique via des réacteurs nucléaires à fusion. Pour contenir le plasma correctement à l'intérieur du réacteur, un champ magnétique est imposé en arrière-plan, et la densité et la température du plasma doivent être précisément contrôlées. Cela est effectué en envoyant des ondes électromagnétiques à des fréquences et dans des directions spécifiques en fonction des caractéristiques du plasma.La première partie de cette thèse de doctorat est consacrée à l'étude du modèle du plasma avec un fort champ magnétique en arrière-plan, ce qui correspond à un métamatériau hyperbolique. L'objectif est d'étendre les résultats existant en 2D au cas 3D et de dériver une condition de radiation. Nous introduisons une séparation des champs électriques et magnétiques ressemblant à la décomposition TE et TM habituelle, puis nous présentons quelques résultats sur les deux problèmes résultants. Les résultats sont dans un état très partiel et constituent un brouillon approximatif sur le sujet.La deuxième partie étudie l'EDP dégénérée associée aux ondes résonantes « lower-hybrid » dans le plasma. Le problème aux limites associé est bien posé dans un cadre variationnel « naturel ». Cependant, ce cadre n'inclut pas le comportement singulier présenté par les solutions physiques obtenues via le principe d'absorption limite. Ce comportement singulier est important du point de vue physique car il induit le chauffage du plasma mentionné précédemment. Un des résultats clés de cette deuxième partie est la définition d'une notion de saut à travers l'interface à l'intérieur du domaine, ce qui permet de caractériser la décomposition de la solution d'absorption limite en parties régulière et singulière
Nowadays, plasmas are mainly used for industrial purpose. One of the most frequently cited examples of industrial use is electric energy production via fusion nuclear reactors. Then, in order to contain plasma properly inside the reactor, a background magnetic field is imposed, and the density and temperature of the plasma must be precisely controlled. This is done by sending electromagnetic waves at specific frequencies and directions depending on the characteristics of the plasma.The first part of this PhD thesis consists in the study of the model of plasma in a strong background magnetic field, which corresponds to a hyperbolic metamaterial. The objective is to extend the existing results in 2D to the 3D-case and to derive a radiation condition. We introduce a splitting of the electric and magnetic fields resembling the usual TE and TM decomposition, then, it gives some results on the two resulting problems. The results are in a very partial state, and constitute a rough draft on the subject.The second part consists in the study of the degenerate PDE associated to the lower-hybrid resonant waves in plasma. The associated boundary-value problem is well-posed within a ``natural'' variational framework. However, this framework does not include the singular behavior presented by the physical solutions obtained via the limiting absorption principle. Notice that this singular behavior is important from the physical point of view since it induces the plasma heating mentioned before. One of the key results of this second part is the definition of a notion of weak jump through the interface inside the domain, which allows to characterize the decomposition of the limiting absorption solution into a regular and a singular parts