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1
Ye, Hai, Jun Cheng, and Zhi Zhuang. "Reducing Building Waste by Reconstruction and Reutilization." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 1843–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.1843.
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Ghost towns of empty houses, short-lived buildings and plants functional change etc. are big building waste problems in China. To create a low-carbon society, reasonable reconstruction work is necessary. Also as the rapid development of high and new technology, building services is improved continuously. More energy efficient and reliable products are required. In this paper, the analysis on different type of building and services upgrading was carried out. For these upgrading schemes, their merits and disadvantages are discussed.
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Rehman, Atiq Ur, Nouman Ghafoor, Shakil R. Sheikh, Zareena Kausar, Fawad Rauf, Farooq Sher, Muhammad Faizan Shah, and Haseeb Yaqoob. "A Study of Hot Climate Low-Cost Low-Energy Eco-Friendly Building Envelope with Embedded Phase Change Material." Energies 14, no. 12 (June 14, 2021): 3544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123544.
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The generation and use of energy are significant contributors to CO2 emissions. Globally, approximately 30% to 40% of all energy consumption can be directly or indirectly linked to buildings. Nearly half of energy usage in buildings is linked to maintaining the thermal comfort of the inhabitants. Therefore, finding solutions that are not only technically but also economically feasible is of utmost importance. Though much research has been conducted to address this issue, most solutions are still costly for developing countries to implement practically. This study endeavors to find a less expensive yet straightforward methodology to achieve thermal comfort while conserving energy. This study takes a broader view of multiple habitat-related CO2 emission issues in developing regions and describes a hybrid solution to address them. New technologies and innovative concepts are being globally examined to benefit from the considerable potential of PCMs and their role in thermal energy storage (TES) applications for buildings. The current study numerically investigates the thermal response of a hybrid building envelope consisting of PCM and local organic waste materials for low-cost low-energy buildings. The local organic waste materials used are those whose disposal is usually done by burning, resulting in an immense amount of greenhouse gases. In the first phase, different waste materials are characterized to determine their thermophysical properties. In the second phase, a low-cost, commonly available PCM calcium chloride hexahydrate, CaCl2.6H2O, is integrated with a brick and corn husk wall to enhance the thermal storage in the building envelope to minimize energy consumption. Temperature distribution plots are primarily used for analysis. The results show a marked improvement in thermal comfort by maintaining a maximum indoor temperature of 27 °C when construction is performed with a 6% corn husk composite material embedded with the PCM, while under similar conditions, the standard brick construction maintained a 31 °C indoor temperature. It is concluded that the integration of the PCM layer with the corn husk wall provides an adequate solution for low-cost and low-energy buildings.
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Maulani, Qurnia, and Wulan Nur Fatimah. "Waste Management the Low-Cost Apartment Building, District of Baleendah Bandung 2018." JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN 12, no. 2 (April 27, 2020): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v12i2.2020.144-153.
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Introduction: Bandung was one of the areas that had not applied a good waste management yet. From 1,440 tons/day waste produced around 320 tons were managed. The effects of untreated waste were carrying the vector of disease, aesthetic decrease, environmental quality, and flood. The aim of this research was to identify the condition of waste management in Rusunawa Balaendah in 2018. Method: The research used observational method with cross sectional design. The object of this research was families who lived in Rusunawa Balaeendah with 60 respondents were obtained with sampling random area tehcnique. Observation variables were sorting, storing, collecting, and the amount of waste generation. This research used direct measurement method to calculated the waste generation during 8 days in May 15 to 21 2018 according to SNI No. 19-3964-1994. Method for collected the data used interview and field observation. The data was presented by table frequency distribution and chart to analyzed the result of the observation. Result and Discussion: The result of this research was shown that respondents who had good waste management were 3%, the storage phase for the ownership of trash that had not requirements yet were 70%, and garbage that was not in TPS was 97%. The amount of waste generation was 0.356kg/person/day. The level of respondents’ knowledges about it was 45% which was on adequate category and the behaviour was 96,6% which was on deficient category. Conclusion: The result of this research was to know that waste management in Rusunawa Balaeendah was not appropriate with the provision. Based on the research, the suggestion is to build a garbage dump that has 3R method of waste management and to collaborate with DKRTH for the transfer of residual waste.
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Tirado, Rafaela, Adélaïde Aublet, Sylvain Laurenceau, Mathieu Thorel, Mathilde Louërat, and Guillaume Habert. "Component-Based Model for Building Material Stock and Waste-Flow Characterization: A Case in the Île-de-France Region." Sustainability 13, no. 23 (November 27, 2021): 13159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132313159.
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Building demolition is one of the main sources of waste generation in urban areas and is a growing problem for cities due to the generated environmental impacts. To promote high levels of circular economy, it is necessary to better understand the waste-flow composition; nevertheless, material flow studies typically focus on low levels of detail. This article presents a model based on a bottom-up macro-component approach, which allows the multiscale characterization of construction materials and the estimation of demolition waste flows, a model that we call the BTP-flux model. Data mining, analytical techniques, and geographic information system (GIS) tools were used to assess different datasets available at the national level and develop a common database for French buildings: BDNB. Generic information for buildings in the BDNB is then enriched by coupling every building with a catalog of macro-components (TyPy), thus allowing the building’s physical description. Subsequently, stock and demolition flows are calculated by aggregation and classified into 32 waste categories. The BTP-flux model was applied in Île-de-France in a sample of 101,320 buildings for residential and non-residential uses, representative of the assessed population (1,968,242 buildings). In the case of Île-de-France, the building stock and the total demolition flows were estimated at 1382 Mt and 4065 kt, respectively. For its inter-regional areas—departments—, stock and demolition waste can vary between 85 and 138 tons/cap and 0.263 and 0.486 tons/cap/year, respectively. The mean of the total demolition wastes was estimated at 0.33 tons/cap/year for the region. Results could encourage scientists, planners, and stakeholders to develop pathways towards a circular economy in the construction sector by implementing strategies for better management of waste recovery and reintegrating in economic circuits, while preserving a maximum of their added value.
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Shao, Liangshan, and Wenfeng Xu. "Building materials production process carbon emission analysis and optimization of Low-Carbon manufacturing." E3S Web of Conferences 439 (2023): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202343902005.
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In order to study the carbon emission characteristics of building materials production process, the material, energy consumption and carbon emission characteristics of building materials production process were analyzed, the carbon emission boundary conditions of building materials production process were proposed, and the carbon emission calculation model of building materials production process was established. Based on the data provided by a manufacturing company, we calculated and analyzed the carbon emissions of the building materials production process, identified the waste in this production line, and proposed an analysis method based on lean thinking to propose corresponding improvement measures from the production management level to address the waste problems. Reduce non-value-added carbon emissions caused by waste, thus improving the lean level of gear production lines and transforming to low carbon manufacturing.
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Husain, Dilawar, Ravi Prakash, and Akbar Ahmad. "Life Cycle Ecological Footprint Reduction for a Tropical Building." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (August 12, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4181715.
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Rapid urbanization significantly impacts natural resource demands and waste management in the construction sector. In this study, a novel methodology has been developed that could assess the overall environmental impact of a building during its lifespan by considering resources such as building materials, energy use, emissions, water, manpower, and wastes. The proposed method can estimate the life cycle ecological footprint (EFT) of a building. The result indicates that 957.07 global hectares (gha) of bioproductive land are required during the lifespan of the case building. The CO2 absorption land is the most significant bioproductive land in the EFT of the building. The low environmental impact of building materials may reduce the ecological footprint (EF) of buildings, and using renewable energy can also reduce the operational EF of a building. The proposed building materials and solar PV systems have the potential to reduce the building’s life cycle environmental impact by up to two-thirds. The EF assessment of all existing and proposed buildings may be examined in order to execute strategies for a sustainable construction sector.
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Kauko, Hanne, Daniel Rohde, and Armin Hafner. "Local Heating Networks with Waste Heat Utilization: Low or Medium Temperature Supply?" Energies 13, no. 4 (February 20, 2020): 954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13040954.
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District heating enables an economical use of energy sources that would otherwise be wasted to cover the heating demands of buildings in urban areas. For efficient utilization of local waste heat and renewable heat sources, low distribution temperatures are of crucial importance. This study evaluates a local heating network being planned for a new building area in Trondheim, Norway, with waste heat available from a nearby ice skating rink. Two alternative supply temperature levels have been evaluated with dynamic simulations: low temperature (40 °C), with direct utilization of waste heat and decentralized domestic hot water (DHW) production using heat pumps; and medium temperature (70 °C), applying a centralized heat pump to lift the temperature of the waste heat. The local network will be connected to the primary district heating network to cover the remaining heat demand. The simulation results show that with a medium temperature supply, the peak power demand is up to three times higher than with a low temperature supply. This results from the fact that the centralized heat pump lifts the temperature for the entire network, including space and DHW heating demands. With a low temperature supply, heat pumps are applied only for DHW production, which enables a low and even electricity demand. On the other hand, with a low temperature supply, the district heating demand is high in the wintertime, in particular if the waste heat temperature is low. The choice of a suitable supply temperature level for a local heating network is hence strongly dependent on the temperature of the available waste heat, but also on the costs and emissions related to the production of district heating and electricity in the different seasons.
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Ren, Jiao Long. "Pavement Performance of Asphalt Concrete Using Building Demolition Waste." Advanced Materials Research 1044-1045 (October 2014): 574–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1044-1045.574.
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In order to deeply analyze the feasibility of the application of building demolition waste on asphalt concrete, pavement performance of asphalt concrete using different content of building demolition waste was analyzed. Results show that: (1) the addition of building demolition waste increases the asphalt-aggregate ratio of asphalt concrete, and the asphalt-aggregate ratio increases 0.25% with the 10% increase of building demolition waste content; (2) the high-temperature stability of asphalt concrete improved significantly with the increase of building demolition waste content; (3) building demolition waste can improve the low-temperature crack resistance of asphalt concrete, and the optimum content is 30%~40%.
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Fomina, Natalya, Irina Pavlova, and Maria Kochergina. "Industrial Waste as Components of Building Materials." E3S Web of Conferences 222 (2020): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022204002.
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The possibilities of using large-tonnage waste from the Saratov region in the production of building materials are analysed. Waste was investigated: phosphogypsum - waste from the production of mineral fertilizers; steel-making slag, limestone crushing waste, construction waste (crushed concrete). The extraction of strontium and rare-earth metals from phosphogypsum is substantiated, followed by its processing into products that solidify according to the non-hydration principle, or use in the compositions of expanding cements. The development of geopolymer binders of alkaline activation based on steel-making slags is proposed. The introduction of low water demand carbonate cements into construction practice has been substantiated. Limestone crushing waste can be used as a carbonate mineral additive. The processing of crushed concrete waste into crushed stone, coarse sands and finely dispersed additives into cement concretes is considered. Technologies for processing large-tonnage waste in the production of building materials are environmentally sound and economically justified.
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Shekhorkina, S. Y., O. H. Zinkevych, Т. А. Kovtun-Horbachova, and Y. V. Zhuk. "REVEALING TIMBER STRUCTURES POTENTIAL IN DECARBONIZATION OF LOW-RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS." Modern structures of metal and wood, no. 27 (July 2023): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2707-3068-2023-27-28-34.
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The article presents the results of theoretical studies on embodied carbon for load-bearing wall structures prevailing in low-rise buildings consturction practice in order to reveal the potential of timber structures in decarbonization of the construction sector. Seven types of wall structures were considered in the study. CO2 emissions were determined using the environmental product declarations for relevant materials considering sequential life-cycle stages (raw material supply, production and transportation of building products, construction process, building waste transportation and disposal) with regard to recycling benefits. A lightweight timber framed wall panel was shown to have minimum carbon emissions at each life-cycle stage leading to lowest total carbon embodied
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Horvath, Mélanie, Pierre Bollen, Thomas Pardoen, and Sophie Trachte. "Evaluation of the properties of a new circular building composite material to upcycle building wastes." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2600, no. 19 (November 1, 2023): 192018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2600/19/192018.
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Abstract A new circular composite material for building applications is developed, made of two secondary raw materials coming from waste recycling: fibers and sand. Hydraulic lime is added as a binder. This new composite targets a low environmental impact thanks to benefits of upcycling buildings waste, low energy production process, lifetime up to 60 years and of a high potential of reversibility, reuse and upcycling. The research focused on mechanical and physical properties, as well as analysis of the microstructure by X-ray 3D microtomography and in-situ compression testing. The mechanical and physical test results show good and unexpected properties: a density of 390 to 1300 kg/m3; a compressive strength between 0.2 and 2.2 MPa, a bending strength of 0.1 to 1.9 MPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.06 to 0.14 W/mK. Further research will focus on circular construction and environmental aspects. Three applications are envisioned, according the standards of the building sector.
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Sabah, Sahar, and Waleed Bdaiwi. "Manufacture of Thermal Building Insulators from Waste Cigarette Butts." NeuroQuantology 20, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 302–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/nq.2022.20.2.nq22308.
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Waste cigarette butts fiber (CBS) was used and recycled by reinforcing it with unsaturated polyester resin (UPE). It was used to obtain structural sections at a low cost and eliminate the environmental pollution risks resulting from these wastes (CBS). Samples were prepared by manual casting according to the mass fractions (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%) of cigarette butt fibers (CBS). The prepared samples carried out mechanical tests (hardness, bending, and tensile elastic modulus). The results showed that the modulus of elasticity and bending resistance increased with the increase of the weight ratio and that these values were directly proportional to the increase in the amount of reinforcement from the CBS fibers.
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YAKUBOUSKI, S., Y. BULAUKA, A. BAKATOVICH, A. ERMAK, and D. AZARENKO. "OBTAINING A MODIFYING ADDITIVE FOR BUILDING MIXTURES BASED ON SYNTHETIC FIBER PRODUCTION WASTE." Herald of Polotsk State University. Series B. Industry. Applied Sciences, no. 2 (September 7, 2023): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.52928/2070-1616-2023-48-2-80-85.
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An analysis was made of the possibility of using technical waste in the production of synthetic fiber Nitron-D
to obtain a modifying additive for building mixtures. An analysis was made of the possibility of using technical waste in
the production of synthetic fiber Nitron-D to obtain a modifying additive for building mixtures. A comprehensive analysis
of the effectiveness of a modifying additive for building mixtures based on waste from the production of synthetic
fibers makes it possible to predict an increase in the plasticity of the mixture and its corrosion resistance, a decrease in
W / C, an increase in the workability of building mixtures and a simplification of their surface machinability; increasing
the cohesiveness and non-separability of building mixtures at low cement consumption, as well as their high pumpability
with concrete pumps. Recycling of waste from the production of synthetic fiber will expand the range of products,
reduce the amount of waste to be disposed of and recycled, which, in turn, will reduce the negative burden on the environment
and will allow organizations to become resource-saving, low-waste and waste-free.
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Yang, Heekwon, Byeol Kim, Joosung Lee, Yonghan Ahn, and Chankil Lee. "Advanced Wireless Sensor Networks for Sustainable Buildings Using Building Ducts." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (July 26, 2018): 2628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082628.
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The communication technology ZigBee has been widely adopted in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for a wide range of industrial applications. However, although ZigBee provides low-power, low-cost mesh networking, it cannot guarantee steady and predictable network performance as channels are time-variant and highly attenuated by man-made obstacles. The networks also suffer from interference, especially in the important 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. These degraded channel characteristics increase the number of hops, thus increasing both the packet error rate and transmission delays. In this paper, we report the deployment of a ZigBee-based WSN inside an existing building duct system utilized for intelligent waste collection in an industrial environment. The Received Signal Strength (RSS) and path losses were measured, revealing that the duct communication channel acts as a very effective waveguide, providing a more reliable and consistent network performance than conventional free space channels.
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Liu, Huan Qiang. "Orthogonal Test on Large Content of Solid Waste in Building Binder." Applied Mechanics and Materials 238 (November 2012): 173–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.238.173.
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With the compound system of fly ash and aluminum slag as the main material, activated through ordinary activator, a type of building binder in which wastes is more than 80 percent is studied in the paper. The ratio of the activator is optimized through orthogonal test. Experimental results show that the active component in the solid wastes can be greatly activated under the mixture proportion as following: 10% lime, 4% gypsum, 0.5% sodium carbonate and 0.5% sodium sulfate. The cementing medium has enough strength to meet the requirements in construction engineering. Material of the cementing medium has the advantage of easy availability, low cost and high rate of waste utilization. It will be a kind of green building materials with a great expect.
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UTOMO, Elgan Hirai, Yucca Marintan ROSEMARY, and Carmello Yovan GRATITO. "UTILIZATION OF USED TIRES AND LDPE (LOW-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE) PLASTIC WASTE AS BASIC MATERIALS FOR CONCRETE BRICK." European Journal of Materials Science and Engineering 7, no. 3 (September 20, 2022): 211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36868/ejmse.2022.07.03.211.
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Tires and LDPE plastic wastes are wastes that are non-biodegradable and require further processing to decompose. If it is not processed, it will pollute the environment and disrupt the life of various organisms. Tires and LDPE plastic waste can, however, be used as a mixture for making concrete bricks that contribute best in building infrastructure development by applying the principle of recycling. The addition of a mixture of used tire waste and LDPE plastic waste is useful for improving the physical properties and pavement content of concrete bricks and preventing the depletion of natural resources, achieving an Eco-Friendly program and making the cost of concrete bricks relatively cheaper. Concrete bricks are made with a mixture of used tire waste and LDPE plastic waste with 6 samples of different compositions. The quality of concrete brick is seen from three aspects, namely density, porosity and water absorption. The best quality of concrete bricks was obtained in sample 6 with a composition of 750 grams of used tire powder, 750 grams of LDPE plastic waste, 500 grams of coarse aggregate, 200 grams of cement and 750 ml of oil to obtain a density of 1129.252/1280, 864 kg/m³, 0.5% porosity, 0.434 % water absorption. The results showed that the addition of a mixture of used tire waste and LDPE plastic waste resulted in better quality concrete bricks achieved by increasing the density of concrete bricks and reducing the porosity and water absorption values produced
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Hattori, Kazuhiko, M. Oida, N. Isu, S. Okuda, N. Saito, and Masayuki Nogami. "Mitigating Urban Heat Islands by Solidification Technology at Low Temperature." Advanced Materials Research 11-12 (February 2006): 425–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.11-12.425.
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Recently, the increase in production, consumption causes the shortage of the natural resources and the increase in waste disposal. In order to build up a sustainable society, the input and the output of the natural system should be reduced by the recirculation of materials and energy. We have tried to develop high performance building materials by solidification technology at low temperature. The starting materials were the inorganic wastes or soil. These solidified inorganic waste and solidifying soil have good mechanical strength for paving tile. Solidifying soil called as Tataki works has good performance of mitigating urban heat islands. Numerical simulation method based on heat transfer model was studied to estimate performance of mitigating urban heat islands of solidifying soil. Numerical model was calculated by the surface temperature changes in the outside with air temperature changes. Simulation result was compared with experimental measurement.
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Sobotka, A., J. Sagan, and A. Radziejowska. "The Estimated Quantities of Building Demolition Waste." Archives of Civil Engineering 65, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 49–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ace-2019-0004.
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AbstractThe aim of the article is to analyze existing foreign experiences presented in the literature in the field of estimating demolition waste and their applicability in Poland condition. Using the case study method for more than a dozen objects, the authors prove the necessity to verify the suitability of the proposed models in relation to regional conditions (e.g. climatic conditions, local technologies, etc.). The amount of concrete waste from demolition of objects made in the analyzed technology is characterized by a low coefficient of variation, especially in the case of public facilities and is only 10%. However, in the case of residential buildings, the volatility was 16,7%. The calculated average index of concrete waste was compared with the two literature models. The results obtained differ from the values obtained from the models. Based on an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the selected models and their assumptions, a proposal has been formulated for the development of an effective tool for estimating demolition waste taking into account regional specific conditions together with the concept of sustainable construction. The focus was on waste from demolition of concrete objects.
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Lemeshev, Mikhail, Kateryna Sivak, Maksym Stadniychuk, and Roman Sivak. "PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF MAN-MADE RAW MATERIALS IN THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOSITE BINDERS VINNYTSIA NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY." Modern technology, materials and design in construction 33, no. 2 (March 22, 2023): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-36-45.
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The aggravation of the economic and environmental situation in Ukraine necessitates the development of new efficient technologies for the processing and use of industrial technogenic waste from the thermal power and chemical industries. Such technologies should ensure the maximum degree of use in the production of high-quality efficient building products. The choice of technology for the preparation, processing and use of industrial waste depends on the chemical, mineralogical, granulometric composition and method of production. Despite the fact that such wastes are used mainly as inert fillers, their overall use remains low. The share of their use in the manufacture of building products is 5-12%, at the same time, the manufacture of building products requires additional energy costs.
Many industrial and municipal wastes, which are of great practical interest, remain insufficiently demanded for various reasons. In this regard, the popularization of the likely directions for the introduction of industrial waste and the effect achieved in this case is of fundamental importance. One of the main industries for the integrated use of waste is the industry of building materials, where this raw material can act as the basis for the creation of new highly efficient materials. Predicting the properties of such materials is a rather difficult task, the solution of which can be achieved through the formation of a systematic approach to determining quality indicators, as well as predicting and regulating the properties of materials depending on the goals and objectives solved by builders and technologists in the manufacture of building products.
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Marques, Márcio Alexandre, Maria Lúcia Pereira Antunes, Marcos Minussi Bini, and Marcos Vinicius de Castro. "X-Ray Image Comparison of Wind Turbine Blade Waste and EPS Waste Used as Aggregates in Portland Cement Concrete." Materials Science Forum 881 (November 2016): 336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.881.336.
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Transforming industrial wastes into construction materials through recycling is a feasible alternative that contributes to reduce the consumption of natural resources. Besides, modern civil construction seeks strong lightweight building materials. Due to their low density, wind turbine blade manufacturing waste and EPS post-consumer packaging can be used for this purpose. Such work uses X-ray imaging to evaluate the spatial distribution of these wastes in Portland cement concrete. Test specimens were produced containing wind turbine blade waste replacing part of the gravel content, and EPS waste replacing part of the sand content. X-ray images of the test specimens reveal that the waste is distributed homogeneously in the matrix. Furthermore, the mechanical strength of these test specimens meets the requirements of the Brazilian technical standards for non-load bearing concrete blocks.
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Androsevic, Renata, Maurizio Brocato, Dzenana Bijedic, and Nerman Rustempasic. "Life Cycle Assessment as a Tool for Low Waste Building Systems, Case Study Building External Wall." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 603 (September 18, 2019): 042067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/603/4/042067.
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Su, Hui, Guo Song Han, and Xin Pei Jiang. "Research on the Seismic Performance of Construction Waste Recycled Brick Masonry Structure." Advanced Materials Research 588-589 (November 2012): 1950–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.588-589.1950.
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In order to research the seismic property of masonry building constructed with the construction waste recycled bricks, a four stories building model with 1:3 scale is constructed and tested on the shaking table. Based on the test results, the cracks pattern, displacement response, acceleration response of the building are studied. The failure mechanism of the infill building is investigated. The results show that the construction waste recycled brick is a qualified building material to construct the low rise building.
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Psilovikos, T. A. "The use and re-use of timber structure elements, within a waste hierarchy concept, as a tool towards circular economy for buildings." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1196, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 012040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1196/1/012040.
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Abstract Wood is the only natural renewable building material, produced by photosynthesis. It has the ability to preserve the stored carbon in its molecular structure as long as it remains within a structure. Timber dwellings are re-gaining recognition worldwide, especially in remote areas due to their aesthetic superiority, durability and harmony with the natural landscape. Research findings, as well as industrial operations indicate that timber buildings present beneficial environmental impacts, compared to other common building materials. Specifically, timber has substantial strength characteristics, low embodied energy, less CO2 emissions and also an easy and fast construction, combined with minimum disruption to the environment. Moreover, timber buildings have a high potential to reduce waste at site and ability for re-use, when designed for future ease of deconstruction, providing the repeated utilization of the used material, known as, the cascading concept. It is already recognized that successful waste management is a measure towards the containment of climate change. Using timber structures enhances the chances to accomplish the contemporary waste hierarchy concept, which can be implemented according to the application of Design for Deconstruction and Reuse (DfDR) concept, at an early stage. These waste management techniques are strongly related to circular economy, but can only be achieved through the aim of a long-lasting design. Finally, in most countries, the existing building codes should be revised in order to overcome the imposed limitations on the re-use of building materials.
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Wang, Yu, and Hong Zhang. "Industrialized Precast Construction Low Carbon Design Control." Applied Mechanics and Materials 368-370 (August 2013): 445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.368-370.445.
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Adopting prefabricated industrial manufacturing technology can save resources and materials, reduce the adverse impact of the construction waste and construction on the environment. To meet the national currently established building energy conservation and emissions reduction target, realize the whole life process of low carbon technology index, developing industrialization of prefabricated construction industry is an effective way. By analyzing the industrialized precast building lifecycle carbon emissions, all of them, and finally from the design point of low carbon control methods are put forward.
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Kalús, Daniel, Zuzana Straková, and Matej Kubica. "Energy Balance of a Low Energy House with Building Structures with Active Heat Transfer Control." Periodica Polytechnica Mechanical Engineering 65, no. 3 (July 14, 2021): 246–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppme.17462.
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A qualitatively new dimension has been introduced to the issue of building structures for energy-efficient buildings by the system of Active Thermal Insulation (ATI), which is already applied in the construction of such buildings. ATI are embedded pipe systems in the envelope structures of buildings, into which we supply a heat-carrying medium with adjusted temperature, so this constitutes a combined building-energy system. This introduces the concept of an internal energy source understood as an energy system integrated into the zone between the static part and the thermal insulation part of the building structure envelope. Under certain conditions, the ATI can serve as a heat recuperator or as an energy collector for a heat pump application. ATI consists of pipe systems embedded in building structures, in which the medium circulates heated by energy from any heat source. The function of the system is to reduce or eliminate heat losses through non-transparent structures in the winter and at the same time to reduce or eliminate heat gains in the summer. It is especially recommended to apply heat sources using renewable energy sources due to the required low temperatures of the heating medium and thus shorten the heating period in the building. Also recommended is to apply ATI for the use of waste heat. Buildings with a given system show low energy consumption and therefore meet the requirements of Directive no. 2018/844/EU, according to which, from 01.01.2021, all new buildings for housing and civic amenities should have energy needs close to zero.
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Kassim, U., S. A. Nur, M. N. Kamarudin, and M. A. Rahim. "Sound Performances of Partition Board from Waste Materials." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 920, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/920/1/012011.
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Abstract This study is on the sound performances of a selected number of partition boards in Industrialised Building System (IBS) buildings. The proposed bespoke board were made from squandered or waste materials, namely, coconut shells and newspapers. Each board had been tested for six different distances from the speaker in four different levels of sound, changing the level of the sound frequency. Thereon, the results were analysed. The average result of each board with various distances from the sound source, starting from 0 cm to 220 cm, was combined into under one sound level. The percentage of the noise reduction coefficient is designated by the vertical line whereas the levels of the sound is designated by the horizontal line. Point 1 stands for the low frequency and low intensity test. Point 2 stands for low frequency and high intensity test. The board that is being made of 80% coconut shell, 15% cement and 5% newspaper has an average of noise reduction coefficient of 0.21 in low frequency and low intensity, 0.21 in low frequency and high intensity, 0.24 in high frequency, high intensity and 0.12 in high frequency low intensity.
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Zhang, Cai Li, and Xiao Qing Song. "Fabrication and Properties of New Building Materials by Reutilization Refractory Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 507 (January 2014): 388–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.507.388.
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The utilization of domestic waste refractory materials are reviewed, and points out that China exists to the comprehensive utilization of waste refractory material in question, discusses the necessity of recycling of waste refractory material; focuses on the composite insulation board has the advantages of organic heat preservation material strength coefficient of heat conductivity of inorganic insulation materials of high and low flame retardant, for example discusses the feasibility of waste refractory materials used in building materials field, comprehensive recycling of waste refractory material resources and corresponding to focus attention on the utilization of the problems put forward their views.
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Cai, Huan Qin, Run Shan Bai, and Jing Sun. "Research on Environmental Protection, Energy-Saving and Safety Characteristics of Plant Fiber Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 409-410 (September 2013): 638–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.409-410.638.
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Plant fiber buildings are made of plant fiber components. They represent the development direction of new-period architectural philosophy of low-carbon ecological economy,building properties and architectural styles. By analyzing the disadvantages of current building, such as the hidden danger, harmful pollution and high energy consumption, this paper mainly investigated the characteristics of plant fiber building including environmental protection, energy saving, waste utilization, lightness, heat insulation and seismic resistance, etc. Plant fiber building, as a mature energy-saving technology and product, presents good performances such as energy saving, reliable technique and convenient implementation. It provides material supports for the realization of green building.
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Emmanuel, Ogunjiofor I., Onwunduba C. Jude, and Okpala I, John. "Sustainable Production of Building Blocks using A Recycled Plastic Waste." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 12 (December 31, 2023): 2346–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.57743.
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Abstract: Plastic waste is one of the materials that constitutes environmental nuisance and contribute to global warming. The global need to ameliorate the effect of global warming through waste reduction and recycling necessitated this research. The study involved using recycled plastic waste to produce building blocks. The low density plastic waste were collected from dump sites, cleaned and dried before melted and mixed with a fine aggregate at different ratios. The molten slurry formed by mixture of melted plastic waste and fine was poured into the metal mould and allowed to set. The result of the study showed that plastic sand blocks have a compressive strength ranging from 6.8N/mm2 to13.15N/mm2 which has a 3.3% higher than that of normal sand blocks. The water absorption rate, bulk density and Efflorescence results are within the acceptable limits. The exhibition favorable properties of blocks and need for sustainability of our environment should encourage the use of plastic waste produced blocks. This research indicates that bricks produced with plastics exhibit fine surface finishing, low porosity, and light weight, coupled with high compressive strength. Comparatively, these bricks surpass conventional clay bricks in both strength and weight reduction. The study recommends employing bricks produced with plastics for load bearing and framed structures, as well as in wet lands. Additionally, further investigations into different mix ratios are suggested to enhance quality and durability.
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Li, Qian, Jiajie Li, Siqi Zhang, Xiaoyan Huang, Xue Wang, Ying Wang, and Wen Ni. "Research Progress of Low-Carbon Cementitious Materials Based on Synergistic Industrial Wastes." Energies 16, no. 5 (March 1, 2023): 2376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16052376.
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Cementitious material based on synergistic industrial wastes can be used as a new product for low-carbon transformation. It can aid in resource recycling and suitable consumption and utilisation of various industrial wastes. The proposed material can reduce a large amount of CO2 emitted during calcination in cement production and the decomposition of raw limestone. In addition, the material exhibits high durability and high resistance to corrosion in the marine environment that can further reduce CO2 emissions over the lifecycle of the carbon footprint of the building. Currently, many similar chemical kinetic processes and mineralogical reaction processes of particle migration and rebinding exist in the hydration and hardening reactions, service processes and durability evolution of different industrial waste cementitious systems for low-carbon production. The theoretical basis of preparing various low-carbon cementitious materials (LCCMs) with industrial waste systems is discussed herein, including the two theories of ‘complex salt effect’ and ‘isomorphic effect from tetrahedral coordination of silicon-oxygen’. Further research on LCCM is based on the theoretical foundation of ‘passive hydration kinetics’. Furthermore, this study presents the CO2 reduction potential of LCCM prepared using industrial wastes and provides future research directions in this regard.
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Li, Zhixing, Mimi Tian, Yafei Zhao, Zhao Zhang, and Yuxi Ying. "Development of an Integrated Performance Design Platform for Residential Buildings Based on Climate Adaptability." Energies 14, no. 24 (December 7, 2021): 8223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248223.
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Building energy waste has become one of the major challenges confronting the world today, so specifications and targets for building energy efficiency have been put forward in countries around the world in recent years. The schematic design stage matters a lot for building energy efficiency, while most architects nowadays are less likely to make energy efficiency design decisions in this stage due to the lack of necessary means and methods for analysis. An integrated multi-objective multivariate framework for optimization analysis is proposed for the schematic design stage in the paper. Here, the design parameters of the building morphology and the design parameters of the building envelope are integrated for analysis, and an integrated performance prediction model is established for low-rise and medium-rise residential buildings. Then, a comparison of the performance indicators of low-rise and medium-rise residential buildings under five typical urban climatic conditions is carried out, and the change patterns of the lighting environment, thermal environment, building energy demand, and life cycle cost of residential buildings in each city under different morphological parameters and design parameters of the building envelope are summarized. Specific analysis methods and practical tools are provided in the study for architectural design to ensure thermal comfort, lighting comfort, low energy consumption, and low life-cycle cost requirement, and this design method can inspire and guide the climate adaptation analysis and design process of low-rise and medium-rise residential buildings in China, improve architects’ perception of energy-saving design principles of low-rise and medium-rise residential buildings on the ontological level, as well as provide them with a method to follow and a case to follow in the actual design process.
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Ashafa, Zubaidat, Ahmed Rufai Usman, and Sanusi Koko Rabiu. "A LOW-COST COMPACT ELECTRICAL ENERGY SAVING SYSTEM INTEGRATED WITH PIR MOTION DETECTOR." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 7, no. 4 (August 31, 2023): 389–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2023-0704-1962.
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In the present modern society, where electricity is necessary for the lightening of homes and public buildings, the major problem in our localities is power wastes. To some extent electrical appliances such as lighting systems were left ON even in the absence of people in both private and public places. This is because traditional manual switching system is still employed in almost every building where one has to switch the room lights ON or OFF. Thus, a large amount of energy is being wasted if lights are left ON in the absence of people in those places. This work presents an intelligent energy saving system that can automatically power ON/OFF our lightening systems. The heart of this project is Passive Infrared (PIR) motion detector that can detects the radiated heat of a person and converts it to electrical signals, which is sent to switching circuit for processing. A low-cost fully automated energy saving system was designed and tested in physics laboratory of Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina, Nigeria. The system was able to detect movement of objects/humans within range of 6 meters in the lab to switch ON the light and also switch it OFF in their absence. Therefore, the designed system if explored will have the potentials of reducing energy waste and at the same time reducing one’s energy bills.
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Sangrutsamee, Vachira, Panya Srichandr, and Nuchthana Poolthong. "Re-Pulped Waste Paper-Based Composite Building Materials with Low Thermal Conductivity." Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering 11, no. 1 (May 2012): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/jaabe.11.147.
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Wilson, David C., and Mike Webster. "Building capacity for community waste management in low- and middle-income countries." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 36, no. 1 (December 19, 2017): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x17748535.
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Karade, Sukhdeo R. "Potential of Cork Cement Composite as a Thermal Insulation Material." Key Engineering Materials 666 (October 2015): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.666.17.
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The growing environmental concern throughout the globe has led architects & engineers to design energy efficient buildings. Consequently, they are looking for building materials that can reduce the energy consumption in buildings to maintain the comfort level. Use of proper thermal insulating materials can reduce the energy required for heating or cooling of the buildings. Presently mineral wool and various foams are used for this purpose. Efforts are being made to use wastes in making thermal insulation materials so that the impact on environment can be further reduced. Cork granules are obtained as waste from the cork processing industries that make ‘bottle stoppers’ as a main product. These granules have a low density and could be used as lightweight aggregates for making concrete with low thermal conductivity. This article describes the physico-mechanical properties of lightweight cementitious composites made using cork granules. Further, environmental benefits of their application in thermal insulation of buildings has been discussed.
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Siciliano, Amanda P., Xinpeng Zhao, Rebecca Fedderwitz, Kishore Ramakrishnan, Jiaqi Dai, Amy Gong, J. Y. Zhu, Jan Kośny, and Liangbing Hu. "Sustainable Wood-Waste-Based Thermal Insulation Foam for Building Energy Efficiency." Buildings 13, no. 4 (March 23, 2023): 840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13040840.
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Wood is one of the most abundant biomaterials on Earth, which has been used for centuries in construction applications including furniture, roofing, flooring, and cabinetry. However, wood chips—which are a low-quality and plentiful waste byproduct of lumber milling, woodworking, and shipping operations—have low economic value and complicated disposal methods. In this paper, we propose a strategy for wood chip reuse through the fabrication of bio-based building insulation foam. Through a high-temperature chemical treatment delignification process, we introduced additional small pores within the wood chips, effectively lowering their thermal conductivity, and used them in combination with a binding agent to produce a porous insulation foam. The porous insulation foam achieved a low thermal conductivity of 0.038 W/(m·K) and a high compressive strength of 1.1 MPa (70% strain). These characteristics demonstrate that wood waste can be repurposed into an effective building material, addressing challenges in both waste management and sustainable construction.
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Chang, Yu Sheng, Kuei Peng Lee, and Wen Sheng Ou. "Evaluation on CO2 Emission of Light Weight Steel Housing in Taiwan." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 1325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.1325.
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The reinforced concrete (RC) buildings commonly used in Taiwan not only create great pollutions in material manufacturing and construction phases but also destroy the environment. On the other hand, the light weight steel buildings are safe, healthy, comfortable, producing less waste, and environmental friendly. Therefore, light weight steel buildings have been promoted in Taiwan by the government as an important “green building” policy. In Taiwan, there is still a large market of low rise light weight steel housing. To promote light weight steel housing in Taiwan, we should evaluate its influence on environment. In this research, we established a CO2 emission database for light weight steel building materials and calculated CO2 emission for a light weight steel house. The results showed that a low rise light weight steel house has 39% less CO2 emission than an RC house in the same scale. A light weight steel house has a good building envelope that decreases energy consumption of air-condition by 35.42-42.95%. Therefore, a light weight steel house has less CO2 emission from building materials and energy consumption than an RC house.
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Rafikullah Deraman, Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi, Md Azree Othuman Mydin, Mohd Hanif Ismail, Nur Diyana Mohd Nordin, Marti Widya Sari, and Mohd Suhaimi Mohd-Danuri. "Production of Roof Board Insulation Using Agricultural Wastes Towards Sustainable Building Material." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 99, no. 1 (October 17, 2022): 66–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.99.1.6689.
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Malaysia, like most other developing countries, is facing an increase in the generation of waste and accompanying problems with the disposal of this waste. A large number of biomass wastes were generated due to increased activity in the agricultural and agro-industrial sectors, which led to producing environmental hazards and waste management issues. On the other situation, the energy consumption to cool the indoor building environment is high due to the building being exposed directly to solar radiation throughout the daytime, which increases the temperature outside and inside the building. Most of the low-medium cost housing schemes were constructed using metal roof covering without providing a roof insulation layer which causes a rising in indoor temperature and creates uncomfortable surroundings. Moreover, existing materials for roof insulation in the market use inorganic synthetic materials that could harm human health. The study aims to investigate the potential use of agricultural wastes for the production of roof board insulation material that can provide economic value added to agricultural waste, reduce the environmental issue and provide eco-friendly, sustainable building material. In this study, these agricultural wastes are combined in different proportions of 50% individual fibres, such as sugarcane bagasse with coconut husk, empty fruit bunch with mesocarp fibre, coconut husk with empty fruit bunch, and sugarcane bagasse with mesocarp fibre. The sample was fabricated using the hot-press machine and went through various physical and mechanical testing, which involved thickness of swelling, modulus of rupture, and thermal conductivity. The finding showed that the mixed fibre of empty fruit bunch and mesocarp fibre achieved all the criteria such as density (427 <500kg/m3); thickness of swelling (19< 20%); modulus of rupture (514<800psi), thermal conductivity (0.0856<0.25 W/m.K) met with the standard requirement in every laboratory test conducted. The outcome of this study suggests that empty fruit bunch and mesocarp fibre are the potential materials for the production of roof board thermal insulation. However, modification of physical and mechanical properties of waste fibre is required to achieve superior performance and is ready to be provided in the market. This study is aligned with the government initiative for the growth of green building materials for sustainable development in the construction industry.
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Corinaldesi, Valeria, Alessandro Nardinocchi, and Jacopo Donnini. "Lightweight Aggregate Mortars for Sustainable and Energy-Efficient Building." Advanced Materials Research 980 (June 2014): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.980.142.
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Self-leveling lightweight mortars were developed to attain good workability, sufficient compressive strength (at least 5 MPa after 28 days of wet curing), and low specific weight (less than 1100 kg/m3), as well as low thermal conductivity (lower than 0.3 W/m∙K). The attention was also focused on the sustainability of this construction material, which was improved by using in the mixture both glass reinforced plastic (GRP) industrial by-product as filler replacing limestone powder, and recycled aggregates replacing natural sand. GRP is a composite material made of glass fibres dispersed in a resin, usually polyester, widely used in several fields from building to furniture factory to boatyard. The recycled aggregates used were alternatively either wooden waste or polyurethane waste particles. Concerning wooden waste, they are produced by cutting, drilling and milling operations, where wood is removed from a finished product; they are sawdust and offcuts often collected in filter bags or dust collectors. On the other hand, the polyurethane waste particles were obtained as a rejection of a factory producing rubber soles for the footwear industry. The influence of GRP filler and waste particles on fresh mortar workability, compressive and flexural strength of hardened mortar, as well as on its thermal conductivity was examined. An optimization of the mortar mixture proportions was carried out by suitably varying the dosage of the ingredients. The experimental investigation showed that both the material unit weight and its thermal conductivity resulted strongly reduced, thus indicating a high and promising potential for future developments.
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Winanda, Lila Ayu Ratna, Yuda Arya Pangestu, Maranatha Wijayaningtyas, Endro Yuwono, and Mohammad Erfan. "Waste Analysis to Support the Implementation of Lean Construction on Building Project." E3S Web of Conferences 476 (2024): 01025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202447601025.
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In the implementation of a project, it cannot be separated from the name of obstacles or failures. Failure can be caused by waste, including material delays, work repetition, low labour productivity, implementation strategies and poor project planning. Lean Construction handles projects by minimizing waste and trying to produce the maximum value possible. This research aims to identify waste factors in building construction and then analyse the dominant factors of waste. The data was collected using a questionnaire from 23 respondents involved in projects execution and then analysed using the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method to find the dominant waste factor in building construction projects in Malang City. According to the calculation, the result shows that the most dominant factor of waste from construction projects in Malang City is waiting criteria with a value of 0,278. Furthermore, the identified results will be used to determine the appropriate strategy towards zero waste.
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Zhao, Ruixi, Lu Sun, Xiaolong Zou, and Yi Dou. "Greenhouse Gas Emissions Analysis Working toward Zero-Waste and Its Indication to Low Carbon City Development." Energies 14, no. 20 (October 14, 2021): 6644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14206644.
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Low carbon city development and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission mitigation in urban communities are urgent. There is great potential to improve the GHG inventory at the community level. Meanwhile, building zero-waste cities and improving waste treatment efficiency have been significant environmental issues due to the rapid increase of waste generation. This research aims to develop a community-scale GHG emission inventory of the waste sector and improve its accuracy and consistency through applying the bottom-up approach. This study covers both direct and indirect emissions categories of the waste sector with the goal of building a zero-waste community. Honjo Waseda community, located in Japan, was used as a case study community. Energy consumption waste treatment sectors were evaluated and calculated through first-hand field data. GHG emission estimation of the waste sector included waste incineration, residential wastewater, and waste transport. The highest emissions originated from Beisiagate supermarket due to the large waste amount produced, and the CO2-biomass carbon emissions reached approximately 50% of the total emissions. Furthermore, a quantitative analysis of the implementation of new technologies was also conducted. This study created proposals for GHG emission reduction toward a zero-waste community through the comparison of three cases. Case 1 was business as usual; Case 2 proposed a combination of incineration bio-gasification (MBT); Case 3 introduced a combination of solid recovered fuel (SRF) and a bio-gasification system. SRF contributed the most to emission reduction, and Case 3 exhibited the highest energy recovery. Furthermore, comparing the GHG emissions produced by the use of SRF for power generation and heat supply revealed that using SRF as a heat supply reduced more GHG emissions than using SRF for power generation.
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Zhao, Ruixi, Lu Sun, Xiaolong Zou, and Yi Dou. "Greenhouse Gas Emissions Analysis Working toward Zero-Waste and Its Indication to Low Carbon City Development." Energies 14, no. 20 (October 14, 2021): 6644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14206644.
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Low carbon city development and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission mitigation in urban communities are urgent. There is great potential to improve the GHG inventory at the community level. Meanwhile, building zero-waste cities and improving waste treatment efficiency have been significant environmental issues due to the rapid increase of waste generation. This research aims to develop a community-scale GHG emission inventory of the waste sector and improve its accuracy and consistency through applying the bottom-up approach. This study covers both direct and indirect emissions categories of the waste sector with the goal of building a zero-waste community. Honjo Waseda community, located in Japan, was used as a case study community. Energy consumption waste treatment sectors were evaluated and calculated through first-hand field data. GHG emission estimation of the waste sector included waste incineration, residential wastewater, and waste transport. The highest emissions originated from Beisiagate supermarket due to the large waste amount produced, and the CO2-biomass carbon emissions reached approximately 50% of the total emissions. Furthermore, a quantitative analysis of the implementation of new technologies was also conducted. This study created proposals for GHG emission reduction toward a zero-waste community through the comparison of three cases. Case 1 was business as usual; Case 2 proposed a combination of incineration bio-gasification (MBT); Case 3 introduced a combination of solid recovered fuel (SRF) and a bio-gasification system. SRF contributed the most to emission reduction, and Case 3 exhibited the highest energy recovery. Furthermore, comparing the GHG emissions produced by the use of SRF for power generation and heat supply revealed that using SRF as a heat supply reduced more GHG emissions than using SRF for power generation.
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Subekti, Sri, Iwan Prayoga, and Agus Sarwo Edy Sudrajat. "PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH SEBAGAI UPAYA PENANGANAN KAWASAN KUMUH DI KAWASAN PECANGAAN KABUPATEN JEPARA." Indonesian Journal of Spatial Planning 1, no. 2 (January 30, 2021): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/ijsp.v1i2.3105.
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Increased urbanization and the increase in the number of housing areas or settlements that are less organized, accompanied by increasing slums. Slum settlement is defined as a residential area that is unfit for habitation with irregular building conditions, has a high level of building density, with the quality of buildings and facilities and infrastructure that do not meet the requirements. The problem of this research is the low coverage of solid waste services and the increasing volume of non-organic waste that is difficult to recycle and the level of public awareness about cleanliness is the main problem of waste management. The purpose of this research is to solve the problem of solid waste as an effort to prevent settlements from slums and to create a community that cares about waste management. The conclusion of this research is the need for regular waste transportation services to TPS / TPA so that the Pecangaan area becomes cleaner, the procurement of trash bins for each RT so that the waste can be well accommodated and the infrastructure for the process of transporting waste, socializing to the community at community meetings about the importance of waste management that is carried out in a sustainable manner, providing incentives for communities / groups / areas that are able to manage their waste properly as pilot areas, providing training to residents on waste management with the 3R concept (Reuse, Reduce, Recycle).
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Rao, R. R., and M. Mani. "Examining the climate responsiveness of End-of-life photovoltaic (EoL-PV) integrated buildings." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2600, no. 9 (November 1, 2023): 092009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2600/9/092009.
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Abstract Globally, 70-80 million tonnes of EoL-PV waste is expected by 2050. A large fraction of PV waste heading into landfills threatens the environment and human health. On the other hand, the rising need for building materials in developing countries is imminent. A hitherto untried solution is proposed to use EoL-PV panels as a building material to address this issue, and this approach will enable sourcing a low-cost, low-embodied energy building material. This work examines the climate responsiveness of a building adopting EoL-PV as a wall. A prototype building is commissioned, and a simulation model of the same building is created. EoL-PV, due to its lower thermal mass and high thermal transmittance, results in higher variations of temperature and RH. This may imply poor occupant comfort and requires modifications to the EoL-PV panel to be used as a building material, ensuring good thermal performance and occupant comfort.
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Lygnerud, Kristina, and Sarka Langer. "Urban Sustainability: Recovering and Utilizing Urban Excess Heat." Energies 15, no. 24 (December 14, 2022): 9466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249466.
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Urban heat sources from urban infrastructure and buildings could meet ~10% of the European building heating demand. There is, however, limited information on how to use them. The EU project ReUseHeat has generated much of the existing knowledge on urban waste heat recovery implementation. Heat recovery from a data center, hospital and from water were demonstrated. Additionally, the project generated knowledge of stakeholders, risk profile, bankability and business models. The recovery of urban waste heat is characterized by high potential, high competitiveness compared to other heating alternatives, high avoidance of GHG emissions, payback within three years and low utilization. These characteristics reveal that barriers for increased utilization exist. The barriers are not technical. Instead, the absence of a waste heat EU level policy adds risk. Other showstoppers are low knowledge on the urban waste heat opportunity and new stakeholder relationships being needed for successful recovery. By combining key results and lessons learned from the project this article outlines the frontier of urban waste heat recovery research and practice in 2022.
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Madhusudanan, Swetha, and Lilly Rose Amirtham. "Optimization of Construction Cost Using Industrial Wastes in Alternative Building Material for Walls." Key Engineering Materials 692 (May 2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.692.1.
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Building materials constitute about 60%-70% of the total cost of construction. Reduction in the use of conventional materials may not be possible; therefore, an alternative solution to use low cost materials would reduce the overall construction cost of a building. Industrial wastes, when recycled and reused as a building materials, not only aid in overcoming disposal problems, but also conserve natural resources, decrease energy use, and reduce pollution caused during manufacturing processes, and consequently reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Materials such as Copper slag, Phospogypsum and Fly ash, when used as supplements for sand and coarse aggregate in the manufacture of wall materials, reduce the cost of construction considerably. Additionally, construction of buildings using these materials leads to more energy efficient buildings and can gain additional weightage (points) in Green building certification. The aim of this paper is to highlight the cost reduction in using alternative wall material for construction, through detailed analysis in an apartment building in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. A comparative study between the different materials used such as, bricks, fly ash blocks and Alternative blocks made of industrial waste (Madhusudanan 2015)) were taken into consideration to assess the unit cost of each material. Similarly, a study of the cost performance between a load bearing structure and a framed structure was made, and it was found that the overall construction cost has a greater impact for a load bearing building when compared to a framed structure.
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Zbašnik-Senegačnik, Martina, and Ljudmila Koprivec. "Construction Waste as a Resource in a Sustainable Built Environment." Igra ustvarjalnosti - Creativy Game 2020, no. 08 (November 11, 2020): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15292/iu-cg.2020.08.028-036.
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The built environment requires ever-increasing amounts of raw material resources and at the same time bears the responsibility for the resulting waste. Waste is generated throughout the life cycle. In the initial phases it is referred to as industrial waste, while during construction, reconstruction, and demolition it is called construction waste. Construction waste is most voluminous but it also has a great potential in circular economy that aims at the closed loop cycle where already used construction materials and components are recovered as raw materials. Sustainable building principles include four basic strategies, waste avoidance, construction materials and components re-use, continued use, and recycling. The possibility of construction waste treatment and its possible recovery in the building process depends on the type of prevailing materials that are contained in building elements as well as on detachability, separability and inseparability of structural joints and components. The architect plays a responsible role in decreasing the volume of construction waste as the conception of a building represents the key factor in sustainable construction waste management. Planning a construction with a good dismantling potential at the end of the building’s life cycle includes a number of factors such as the choice of building materials with a low environmental impact, the design of detachable composite materials and structures as well as the design of mono material structures. This article focuses on waste resulting from the built environment and discusses architectural concepts with a potential of reducing the volume of construction waste and its potential recovery as a construction resource.
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Padilla-Rivera, Alejandro, Ben Amor, and Pierre Blanchet. "Evaluating the Link between Low Carbon Reductions Strategies and Its Performance in the Context of Climate Change: A Carbon Footprint of a Wood-Frame Residential Building in Quebec, Canada." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (August 2, 2018): 2715. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082715.
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The design and study of low carbon buildings is a major concern in a modern economy due to high carbon emissions produced by buildings and its effects on climate change. Studies have investigated (CFP) Carbon Footprint of buildings, but there remains a need for a strong analysis that measure and quantify the overall degree of GHG emissions reductions and its relationship with the effect on climate change mitigation. This study evaluates the potential of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the building sector by evaluating the (CFP) of four hotpots approaches defined in line with commonly carbon reduction strategies, also known as mitigation strategies. CFP framework is applied to compare the (CC) climate change impact of mitigation strategies. A multi-story timber residential construction in Quebec City (Canada) was chosen as a baseline scenario. This building has been designed with the idea of being a reference of sustainable development application in the building sector. In this scenario, the production of materials and construction (assembly, waste management and transportation) were evaluated. A CFP that covers eight actions divided in four low carbon strategies, including: low carbon materials, material minimization, reuse and recycle materials and adoption of local sources and use of biofuels were evaluated. The results of this study shows that the used of prefabricated technique in buildings is an alternative to reduce the CFP of buildings in the context of Quebec. The CC decreases per m2 floor area in baseline scenario is up to 25% than current buildings. If the benefits of low carbon strategies are included, the timber structures can generate 38% lower CC than the original baseline scenario. The investigation recommends that CO2eq emissions reduction in the design and implementation of residential constructions as climate change mitigation is perfectly feasible by following different working strategies. It is concluded that if the four strategies were implemented in current buildings they would have environmental benefits by reducing its CFP. The reuse wood wastes into production of particleboard has the greatest environmental benefit due to temporary carbon storage.
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Hajji, A. M., A. Yulistyorini, C. P. Dewi, and M. H. Ahmad. "The Assessment of material resource and cycle (MRC) of architectural finishing works for tall building construction." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1116, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1116/1/012075.
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Abstract This study is conducted to identify the application of GREENSHIP-based material resources and cycle (MRC) as part of green campus development in Universitas Negeri Malang (UM). The study focuses on the new two integrated classroom buildings in UM, which has nine floors with 44,917 m2 of total floor area. The parameters used in this study covers purchasing policy, waste management policy, the use of non-ODP refrigerant, existing conservation materials, and low environmental impact materials. The results of the study has shown that: (1) the prerequisite criteria for materials purchasing policies were fulfilled based on the use of environmentally friendly material categories in the building procurement process; (2) as for the waste treatment policy, there is the existence of a policy statement letter from the top management for waste processing and product saving campaigns; (3) the use of refrigerant without ODP are declared to be in compliance with the use of refrigerant type R410a with ODP value = 0; (4) since the building construction project use entirely new materials, the GREENSHIP requirement for used materials are not fulfilled; (5) 82.5% of materials for architectural finishing works are environmental-friendly as assessed from the materials specification; (6) regarding waste treatment practices, there is a separate waste processing facility for organic, inorganic and B3 type of waste as required by GREENSHIP.
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Etuk, Sunday Edet, Ubong Williams Robert, Okechukwu Ebuka Agbasi, and Namdie Joseph Inyang. "Evaluation of Thermophysical and Strength Properties of Composite Panels Produced from Sugarcane Bagasse and Waste Newspapers." Advances in Materials Science 23, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/adms-2023-0002.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Large quantities of waste newspapers and sugarcane bagasse are prevalently discarded by open burning or indiscriminate dumping, thereby posing severe danger to the environment and public health. This study sought to examine the feasibility of managing the wastes by recycling them into value-added products for building construction. Composite panels were fabricated using waste newspaper paste (WNP) with sugarcane bagasse particles (SBP) varied at 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 % by weight of the composite mix. Epoxy resin was thoroughly mixed with its hardener and applied as binder. The samples were developed in triplicates per proportion of the SBP adopted and then dried completely before their thermophysical and strength properties were evaluated. It was observed that variations in mean values of water absorption (28.57 – 39.43 %), thickness swelling (6.21 - 8.33 %), specific heat capacity (1232 - 1312Jkg−1K−1) trended positively with increasing proportions of the SBP. Whereas nailability remained 100.0 % in all the cases, bulk density (689.4 - 640.5 kgm−3), thermal conductivity (0.1186 - 0.1163 Wm−1K−1), thermal diffusivity (1.396 - 1.384 x 10−7 m2s−1), and flexural strength (2.572 - 2.280 N/mm2) correlated inversely with the added fractions of the SBP. Generally, it was found that the samples could perform satisfactorily if applied as ceiling or partition elements in building design. Therefore, recycling of sugarcane bagasse and waste newspapers as described in this study could serve as a promising way of solving their disposal problems and also enhance achievement of low-cost and safe buildings.