Dissertations / Theses: 'Low urinary tract disease'

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SPEDIACCI, CARLOTTA. "INNOVATIVE IMAGING OF URINARY SYSTEM IN CANINE AND FELINE PATIENTS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/2434/951201.

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Diseases of the urinary system are regularly encountered in daily veterinary practice. The development of increasingly efficient diagnostic tools is crucial to meet the high-quality requirements of contemporary professional standards. This project had many purposes, aiming to describe pioneering methods, protocols and diagnosis related to imaging of ureters and urinary bladder, chosen as they represent daily diagnostic challenges in daily routine practice. This project consisted of three papers: the first paper is a prospective pilot project concerning quantitative CEUS exam applied to distinguish neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of the urinary bladder in small animals; the second paper is a multicentric retrospective observational project describing the CT appearance of a novel CVC congenital malformation; the third paper is a retrospective study conducted on canine healthy patients, aimed at assessing the visibility of the ureters on high field MR on T1 and T2 sequences avoiding the use of paramagnetic contrast agents. The results of this project allowed to obtain objectifiable parameters for the distinction of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of urinary bladder using quantitative CEUS; we also described the CT appearance of the transcaval ureter, a malfomaration of the CVC never described in veterinary medicine; finally, we described the feasibility of evaluation of normal ureters through high-field MR on T2-weighted sequences, in healthy canine patients. In conclusion, this project allowed to describe new diseases that could affect urinary tract function and contributes to the development of new methods and protocols with the potential to reduce the invasiveness of certain diagnostic procedures related to the urinary tract.

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Stevens, Laurie. "Cholinergic and serotonergic mechanisms in health and disease of the lower urinary tract." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421223.

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Kaul, Elisabeth [Verfasser], and Roswitha [Akademischer Betreuer] Dorsch. "Rezidivhäufigkeit und Langzeitprognose von Katzen mit Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease / Elisabeth Kaul ; Betreuer: Roswitha Dorsch." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1231233397/34.

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Zellner, Friederike. "Einsatz von Meloxicam bei Katzen mit ideopathischer "feline lower urinary tract disease" - eine plazebo-kontrollierte randomisierte Doppelbllindstudie." Diss., lmu, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-139233.

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Schmid, Carolin. "Epidemiologie und klinische Symptome bei Katzen mit "Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease" - eine retrospektive Auswertung von 648 Fällen." Diss., lmu, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-129016.

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Dautel, Michaela. "FLUTD (feline lower urinary tract disease) Retrospektive Studie zu Auftreten und Therapieverfahren und sonographische Befunde bei operativ versorgten Patienten." Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-65902.

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Pons, Maria J., Delfino Vubil, Elisabet Guiral, Dinis Jaintilal, Oscar Fraile, Sara M. Soto, Betuel Sigauque, et al. "Characterisation of extended-spectrum b-lactamases among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates causing bacteraemia and urinary tract infection in Mozambique." Elsevier B.V, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/347017.

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The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of extended-spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL)- producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from urinary tract and bloodstream infections in a rural hospital in Manhic¸a, Mozambique. ESBLs were investigated among ceftriaxone-non-susceptible K. pneumoniae clinical isolates recovered between 2004 and 2009. Characterisation of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaOXA and blaTEM genes was performed by PCR and sequencing. Epidemiological relationships were established by phylogenetic analysis, repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (REP-PCR), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST), whilst plasmid transferability was evaluated by conjugation. In addition,the presence of class 1 and 2 integrons was studied.A total of 19 K. pneumoniae were analysed. The blaCTX-M-15 gene was found in all strains. Other ESBL genes were found concomitantly, including blaSHV-5, blaSHV-2, blaSHV-2A, blaSHV-12 and blaSHV-38. In addition, other b-lactamases such as blaTEM-1 and blaOXA-30 were also detected. REP-PCR identified 15 different epidemiological profiles. MLST analysis also showed great variability of sequence types. The blaCTX-M-15 gene showed a high transfer capacity. The presence of class 1 integrons was high. High levels of multidrug resistance were also found. In conclusion, these data show the dominance of the CTX-M-type ESBL, particularly CTX-M-15, supporting its worldwide dissemination, including in areas with limited access to third-generation cephalosporins. This finding is a matter of concern for clinical management as third-generation cephalosporins are an alternative for treating severe cases of multidrug-resistant infections in this community.
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Marklund-Bau, Helén. "Sleep and quality of life in men with lower urinary tract symptoms : and their partners." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Hälsouniversitetet, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15946.

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Aims: The overall aim was to determine how lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suggestive of benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) affect sleep, health related quality of life and disease specific quality of life, and how the men’s urinary symptoms affect their partners. Subjects and methods: In papers I–II, a descriptive design with a pre-test and post-test was used and in papers III-IV the design was descriptive and comparative. The method was self-administered questionnaires. In papers I- II: The questionnaires were translated in the ethnographic mode. In paper I the reliability of the questionnaire was tested in 122 patients with LUTS/ BPO. The disease specific quality of life was studied before and after intervention in 572 consecutive patients with BPO, aged 45-94 yrs. In paper II, the partner specific quality of life was studied in partners to men with BPO before and after TURP. The reliability and the responsiveness of the questionnaire were tested in two groups with 51 partners each. Papers III-IV: A study of 239 men with LUTS, aged 45-80 yrs, and their partners (n=126) who were compared to randomly selected men from the population (n=213) and their partners (n=131). The men had an extra control group, men with inguinal hernia (n=200). Sleep and health related quality of life was studied in both men and their partners. The partners’ specific quality of life was also studied and the men with LUTS answered questions about urinary symptoms and disease specific quality of life. Results: Papers I-II: All the tested questionnaires showed an acceptable reliability and responsiveness. I: Before and after intervention the prevalence of urinary incontinence was 46 % and 16 % respectively. II: Partners were affected by the patients’ BPO symptoms before and improved after the patients TURPs. III: Most sleep variables were significantly impaired in men with LUTS compared to one or both of the control groups. The men with LUTS had a significantly higher prevalence of insomnia (40 %) than both control groups and significantly lower sleep efficiency (49 %) than men with hernia. The men with LUTS were significantly impaired in most domains of the health related quality of life compared to men in the population. IV: There were no significant differences between the two partner groups regarding the quantity and quality of sleep or the health related quality of life. Conclusions: All tested questionnaires showed an acceptable reliability and responsiveness. The prevalence of urinary incontinence before and after intervention was higher than earlier reported. Men with LUTS had significantly poorer sleep quality, reduced sleep efficiency and a higher prevalence of insomnia than men in the population and men with inguinal hernia. The HRQOL is impaired in men with LUTS compared to men in the population and men with inguinal hernia. Partners are affected by the patients’ symptoms, and it is emotional rather than practical aspects that affect them most. Partners of men with LUTS did not differ significantly from partners in the population with regard to sleep and health related quality of life.

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Simmering, Jacob Edward. "Seasonality, local weather and infectious disease: effects of heat and humidity on local risk for urinary tract infections and Legionella pneumonia." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5852.

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Seasonality, or a cycling of high and low incidence, of infectious diseases has long been recognized but remains little understood. For many diseases, even major ones such as influenza, our knowledge of the seasonal drivers is very limited. One proposed driver of seasonality for many diseases is weather, especially temperature and humidity. I studied how likely an admission to a hospital was to be diagnosed with a UTI or pneumonia caused by Legionella across the US under various climates and weather conditions. I found that patients were 10–20% more likely to have a UTI when the monthly mean temperature was between 65–85°F compared to under 40°F. This may be due to slightly lower levels of hydration at warm temperatures reducing protection against UTIs. Pneumonia caused by Legionella was more common in warm (60–80°F) months than in cool or hot months. Within warm months, when humidity was above 60% there was a doubling in the odds of Legionella pneumonia. When the humidity was above 65%, the odds were quadrupled. Understanding why some diseases are seasonal and what role weather plays in this seasonality is important for both daily practice (e.g., recent weather can help diagnosis Legionella versus a more typical cause of pneumonia) and for larger policy adapting to changing weather and climate.

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Zellner, Friederike [Verfasser], and Katrin [Akademischer Betreuer] Hartmann. "Einsatz von Meloxicam bei Katzen mit ideopathischer "feline lower urinary tract disease" : eine plazebo-kontrollierte randomisierte Doppelblindstudie / Friederike Zellner. Betreuer: Katrin Hartmann." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1019479272/34.

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Peixoto, Joana Amil. "Infecção do tracto urinário em felinos com doença renal crónica." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6745.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Doença Renal Crónica (DRC) é um processo progressivo e irreversível, o qual afecta sobretudo animais de idade avançada. A prevalência desta doença tem sido tendencialmente crescente nas últimas décadas e é uma das causas de morte mais comuns por doença crónica no gato doméstico. A Sociedade Internacional de Interesse Renal (IRIS) propôs um sistema de estadiamento para a classificação da doença renal de acordo com os níveis plasmáticos de creatinina, de forma a facilitar a aplicação de orientações clínicas adequadas em termos de diagnóstico, tratamento e prognóstico. A Infecção do Tracto Urinário (ITU) é relativamente rara em gatos e desenvolve-se quando as defesas do hospedeiro permitem a aderência, multiplicação e persistência de microorganismos no tracto urinário. Sabe-se que a ITU em gatos surge muitas vezes associada a outras doenças como o hipertiroidismo, diabetes mellitus e DRC. Os animais afectados podem ou não demonstrar sinais clínicos associados à infecção. Neste trabalho foi avaliada a presença de ITU em gatos com DRC. Dos 20 animais que fizeram parte da amostra populacional, 3 foram positivos a ITU. Em termos percentuais, isto significa uma frequência de 15% de ITU nos doentes renais crónicos da amostra. Os gatos desta amostra apresentavam idades compreendidas entre os 7 e os 17 anos, sendo que 50% eram fêmeas e os outros 50%, machos. Os doentes foram classificados de acordo com o grau de disfunção renal com base no sistema de estadiamento proposto pela IRIS. A maioria dos animais (70%) foi incluída no estadio III, seguindo-se o estadio IV com 25% dos casos e o estadio II com apenas 5% dos animais. Foi realizado o sub-estadiamento em relação à pressão arterial, no qual foi possível observar hipertensão em 50% dos pacientes, no entanto nenhum dos felinos apresentava evidências de lesões/complicações nos órgãos-alvo. Em relação às ITU identificadas, suspeitou-se de pielonefrite nos 3 casos. Devido à falta de resultados de outros exames complementares de diagnóstico (punção aspirativa por agulha fina (PAAF) do tecido renal/cavidade piélica e cultura bacteriana a partir da amostra recolhida), os quais poderiam confirmar a presença de pielonefrite, o diagnóstico foi feito de forma presuntiva. Os sinais clínicos só estavam presentes num dos três casos positivos. A espécie bacteriana predominante foi Escherichia coli, isolada em todos os casos, seguida de Enterococcus spp.. Em 2 dos 3 casos foi isolada apenas uma espécie bacteriana, tendo sido no restante caso identificada uma cultura mista (composta por E. colie Enterococcus spp., com contagens superiores a 105 UFC/ml). 66,7% dos isolados foram sensíveis à associação amoxicilina/ácido-clavulânico. Não parece ter existido influência da presença de ITU na diminuição do tempo de sobrevida dos doentes infectados.
ABSTRACT - UrinaryTract Infections in cats with Chronic Kidney Disease - Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible process, which primarily affects animals of advanced age. The prevalence of this disease has been increasing in the recent decades, and is one of the most common causes of death by chronic disease in the domestic cat. The International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) proposed a staging system for classification of renal disease according to serum creatinine concentration, in order to facilitate the application of appropriate clinical guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is relatively rare in cats and develops when host defenses allow adherence, multiplication and persistence of microorganisms in the urinary tract. It is known that the UTI is one of the common complications arising in cats associated with diseases such as hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus and CKD. Affected animals may or may not demonstrate clinical signs associated with the infection. In this study, we evaluated the presence of UTI in cats with CKD. From the 20 animals that were part of the population sample, 3 had UTI. In percentage terms, this means a frequency of 15%. Cats of this sample were between 7 and 17 years old, 50% were female and 50% were male. The patients were classified according to the degree of renal dysfunction based on the staging system proposed by IRIS. Most animals (70%) were included in stage III, followed by 25% in stage IV and finally stage II with only 5% of the animals. Substaging of the populationaccording to blood pressure, revealed hypertension in 50% of patients. However, none of the cats had evidence of injury / complications in target organs. Regarding the UTI, pyelonephritis was suspected in all the 3 positivecases. Due to the lack of results from other diagnostic exams (fine needle aspiration (FNA) of renal tissue / renal pelvis and bacterial culture from the collected sample), which could confirm the presence of pyelonephritis, a presumptive diagnosis was done. Clinical signs were present in only one of the three positive cases. The predominant isolated bacterial species was Escherichia coli, isolated in all cases, followed by Enterococcus spp. (with counts exceeding 105 CFU / ml). In two of the three positive cases we had a single microbial isolate on culture. The other one was polymicrobial, a mixed culture with E. coli and Enterococcus spp..66.7% of the isolates were susceptible to the combination of amoxicillin / clavulanic acid. The presence of UTI seems to have no influence in decreasing survival time of chronic kidney feline patients.

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Carrujo, Carolina Alves. "Clínica e cirurgia em animais de companhia." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/16448.

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O estágio curricular descrito neste relatório realizou-se no Hospital Veterinário do Porto e teve duração de seis meses, desde um de Agosto de 2014 a um de Fevereiro de 2015, sob a orientação do Dr. Luís Lobo. O relatório foi realizado no âmbito da conclusão do mestrado integrado em medicina veterinária e encontra-se dividido em duas partes. A primeira refere-se à casuística acompanhada no decorrer do estágio, e a segunda a uma revisão bibliográfica do tema “ Doenças do trato urinário inferior felino”, seguido de dois casos clínicos acompanhados pela autora. As doenças do trato urinário inferior felino são uma importante causa de morbilidade e de mortalidade em gatos. Têm várias etiologias e sinais clínicos semelhantes. A cistite idiopática felina é a mais frequente e partilha semelhanças com a cistite idiopática nas mulheres. O gato tem sido o modelo animal utilizado nos estudos humanos; Small Animal Practice Abstract: The training described in this report took place in Oporto’s Veterinary Hospital, during six months, from the first of August of 2014 to the the first of February of 2015, under the supervision of Dr. Luís Lobo. This report was written in the context of the conclusion of the veterinary medicine integrated master degree and has two parts. The first one concerns the clinical cases followed during the training internship and the second part is a bibliographic review of “ Feline lower urinary tract diseases”, followed by clinical cases report on this subject that were followed by the author. The feline lower urinary tract diseases are an important cause of significant morbility and mortality in cats. They have multiple etiologies and similar clinical signs. Feline idiopathic cystitis is the most frequent and shares similarities with idiopathic cystitis in women. The cat is the animal model used in human studies.

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Horta, Pedro Villela Pedroso. "Alterações clínicas, laboratoriais e eletrocardiográficas em gatos com obstrução uretral." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-25052007-134150/.

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Obstruções uretrais em felinos geralmente são secundárias à doença do trato urinário inferior felino (DTUIF), afecção comum em gatos. A doença pode ser auto-limitante, mas a obstrução uretral leva à parada da função renal, gerando uma série de distúrbios no organismo, que necessitam tratamento imediato. A maioria dos estudos sobre as alterações decorrentes da obstrução foi feito em animais em estado crítico ou experimentalmente. O objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever as principais alterações observadas em gatos obstruídos atendidos na rotina clínica e correlacioná-las. Foram avaliados 32 gatos machos com obstrução uretral e sem tratamento prévio. A avaliação constou de exame clínico, hemograma, bioquímica sérica (uréia, creatinina, proteína total, ALT, AST, fosfatase alcalina, sódio, potássio, cálcio, fósforo, magnésio, glicemia e lactato), gasometria venosa, exame e cultura de urina e eletrocardiograma (ECG). Os animais foram agrupados conforme o tempo de obstrução (mais e menos de 36 horas). As alterações mais comuns no histórico foram disúria (100% dos animais), disorexia (84,4%), apatia (71,8%), vocalização (68,7%) e oligodipsia (68,7%); no exame físico, desidratação (71,8%), taquipnéia (53,1%) e hipotermia (53,1%). As alterações laboratoriais mais freqüentes foram hipermagnesemia (100%), acidose metabólica (89,6%), hiperglicemia (88,9%), hiperazotemia (84,4%) e hiperpotassemia (80,6%). Vinte por cento dos gatos tinham infecção urinária. Alterações no ECG foram evidenciadas em 39,3% dos casos, sendo a parada atrial com ritmo sinoventricular a mais freqüente. Não houve relação entre as alterações no ECG e os níveis de potássio sérico. A análise dos grupos sugere agravamento da hiperazotemia, hiperpotassemia, hipermagnesemia e do estado geral com a evolução do processo. Nas correlações, a temperatura e a freqüência cardíaca apresentaram relação direta com pH sanguíneo, excesso de base e bicarbonato, e relação inversa com uréia, creatinina, potássio e fósforo. A uréia e creatinina se correlacionaram inversamente com sódio, pH sanguíneo, excesso de base e bicarbonato, e diretamente com potássio e fósforo. O estado geral correlacionou-se com a temperatura, uréia, creatinina, potássio, pH sanguíneo, excesso de base e bicarbonato.
Urethral obstruction is a frequent complication in cats with feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD), considered a common disease in cats. Most cases are self-limiting, but the urethral obstruction causes renal failure and metabolic alterations which needs immediate treatment. Previous reports selected cats that were critically ill or had a experimental induction of the disease. The goal of this study was to describe the clinical signs, laboratory and electrocardiographyc abnormalities in cats with urethral obstruction and to correlate these results. Thirty-two male cats with natural urethral obstruction and without previous therapy were studied. Complete blood count, serum chemistry profile (urea, creatinine, plasma protein, alanine transferase, aspartate transferase, alkaline phosphatase, sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, glucose and lactate), venous blood gas, urinalysis, urine culture and electrocardiogram (ECG) were performed. Two groups of 16 cats were composed (animals under and over 36 hours of obstruction). The most frequent abnormalities described were dysuria (100%), anorexia (84,4%), lethargy (71,8%), vocalization (68,7%), hypodipsia (68,7%), and dehydration (71,8%), tachypnea (53,1%) and hypothermia (53,1%) in physical evaluation. The laboratorial abnormalities most frequently observed were hypermagnesemia (100%), metabolic acidosis (89,6%), hyperglicemia (88,9%), azotemia (84,4%) and hyperkalemia (80,6%). Twenty per cent of cats had urinary infections. Abnormalities in ECG, such as atrial standstill with sinoventricular rhythm, were seen in 39,3% of cases, and there were no correlation with hyperkalemia. The analyses of the groups suggest worsening of azotemia, hyperkalemia, hypermagnesemia and lethargy with evolution of obstruction. Temperature and heart rate were positively correlated with blood pH, base excess and bicarbonate, and inversely correlated with urea, creatinine, potassium and phosphorus. Lethargy was correlated with temperature, blood pH, base excess and bicarbonate.

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Perissinotto, Maria Carolina Ramos 1979. "Efeitos da eletroestimulação do nervo tibial posterior nos sintomas do trato urinário inferior e impacto na qualidade de vida em pacientes com doença de Parkinson = dados preliminares = Posterior tibial nerve stimulation in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms and its impact on quality of life in patients with parkinson¿s disease: randomized pilot study." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308512.

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Orientador: Carlos Arturo Levi D'Ancona
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T09:57:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Perissinotto_MariaCarolinaRamos_D.pdf: 1870557 bytes, checksum: a3f8aae56bf22e41993fdf4017268274 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: Introdução: A doença de Parkinson é uma doença neurológica degenerativa de causa desconhecida que leva a alterações motoras em decorrência da diminuição dos neurotransmissores de dopamina na substância nigraestriatal. Distúrbios miccionais acometem de 37% a 70% dos pacientes com esta doença. A eletroestimulação do nervo tibial posterior é uma opção no tratamento dos sintomas do trato urinário inferior. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia da referida eletroestimulação na sintomatologia do trato urinário inferior em pacientes com doença de Parkinson. Métodos: A metodologia utilizada foi o estudo controlado randomizado, pela qual foram 96 pacientes com diagnóstico de doença de Parkinson com queixas de sintomas do trato urinário inferior, os quais foram alocados em dois grupos: grupo tratamento e grupo sham. Todos os pacientes foram avaliados através de escalas específicas para a doença de Parkinson, como a Unified Parkinson's Diseases Rating Scale, nos quais preencheram os questionários de qualidade de vida, de incontinência urinária e de bexiga hiperativa, através dos quais foi realizado o estudo urodinâmico. Todas as avaliações foram realizadas pré e pós-tratamento e a técnica utilizada foi a eletroestimulação do nervo tibial posterior durante dez sessões, duas vezes por semana com duração de 30 minutos cada sessão. O grupo de tratamento realizou esta eletroestimulação e o outro grupo, o procedimento sham. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos ao final do tratamento foi que o grupo de tratamento relatou melhora significativa nos sintomas urinários de urgência e noctúria em comparação ao grupo sham. Urgência (p=0,0047), entre os grupos (100,0% grupo de tratamento, 12,5% grupo sham) e noctúria no grupo de tratamento entre os tempos pré e pós (p=0,0156) (4,0 pré - 2,0 pós). Na análise da qualidade de vida, ocorreu uma melhora significativa no score total do questionário International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire no grupo de tratamento entre os tempos pré e pós (p=0,0191) (7,0 pré - 4,0 pós), e no questionário Overactive Bladder Questionnaire no mesmo grupo entre os tempos (p=0,0144) (29,0 pré - 21,5 pós). No estudo urodinâmico, houve melhora significativa no grupo de tratamento entre o tempo pré e pós no primeiro desejo (mediana 150 pré -185 ml pós) (p=0.0056) e volume urgência (mediana 200 pré -285 ml pós) (p= 0.0014). Conclusão: O tratamento com a eletroestimulação do nervo tibial posterior se mostrou uma técnica capaz de melhoras na sintomatologia do trato urinário inferior em pacientes com doença de Parkinson, tais como a redução da urgência e da noctúria, proporcionando, assim, melhora na qualidade de vida desses pacientes. Novos estudos são necessários para aprofundar a eficácia desta técnica em pacientes com doença de Parkinson
Abstract: Introduction: Parkinson's disease is a neurologic disorder caused by neurodegeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic. Lower urinary tract symptoms, are non-motor symptoms that occur in 37% to 70% of patients throughout the course of the disease and negatively affect the Quality of Life of these patients. Aims: Evaluate the efficacy of transcutaneous posterior tibial nerve stimulation on treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease. Methods: Randomized controlled trial, twenty three patients with a diagnosis of parkinson's disease and lower urinary tract symptoms, were randomized in two groups: PNTS group (GI) and group sham (GII). Evaluation included, urinary symptoms, Unified Parkinson's Diseases Rating Scale, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire, Overactive Bladder Questionnaire questionnaire and the urodynamic study, all evaluation were performed pre and post PNTS. GI intervention consisted on PNTS and GII received a sham treatment with effective stimulation. Results: At the end of the treatment the GI present's significant improvement in storage and voiding symptoms than GII. There were significant differences on the symptoms of urgency (p=0.0047) between group (100.0% GI, 12.5% GII). In nocturia occurs an improvement pre and post PNTS in GI (p=0.0156) (4.0 pre - 2.0 post). Quality of life analyses there were significant differences on questionnaire, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire, GI pre and post PNTS (p=0.0191) (7.0 pre - 4.0 post) and Overactive Bladder Questionnaire, GI pre and post PNTS (p=0.0144) (29.0 pre - 21.5 post). There were statistical difference in the urodynamic study pre and post PNTS in group I in volume stronge desire (median 150 pre -185ml post) (p=0.0056) and volume urgency (Median 200 pre-285 ml post) (p= 0.0014). Conclusion: PNTS is an option in the treatment of Lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with diagnosis of parkinson's disease, contributing to reduce urgency and nocturia and improving Quality of life score. This pilot study shows a good response in treat patients with parkinson's disease and Lower urinary tract symptoms, further study should be perform to provide evidence of the potential therapeutic effects
Doutorado
Fisiopatologia Cirúrgica
Doutora em Ciências

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Félix, Ana Maria Paulo da Silva. "Infecção do tracto urinário no cão oncológico : estudo no Hospital Escolar da FMV - UTL." Bachelor's thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2481.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
O desenvolvimento de infecção do tracto urinário (ITU) depende fundamentalmente de uma resposta ineficaz por parte do hospedeiro. Está descrito que a doença oncológica causa alterações imunitárias, e as células afectadas estão também envolvidas na resposta à ITU. Este estudo teve, assim, como objectivo avaliar a presença de ITU nos doentes oncológicos (sujeitos ou não a protocolos de quimioterapia). Para a investigação clínica foram definidos dois estudos: o Estudo 1, realizado no Hospital Escolar da FMV – UTL entre 15 de Janeiro de 2010 e 30 de Abril de 2010; e o Estudo 2 que envolveu a análise de casos entre 2003 e o início de 2010. No estudo 1 foram definidos 3 grupos: ON1 - canídeos saudáveis (n=25); OS1 - doentes oncológicos não submetidos a quimioterapia (n=12); OT1 - doentes oncológicos submetidos a quimioterapia (n=6). Foram efectuadas urianálise tipo II e urocultura nos grupos ON1, OS1 e OT1. O diagnóstico definitivo do tipo de neoplasia foi realizado por citologia após punção aspirativa por agulha fina ou análise histopatológica de peça cirúrgica após exerése. No estudo 2 foram incluídos 102 canídeos com doença oncológica (grupo OT2, n=13; grupo OS2, n=89). Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente (SPSS 2009). Nos grupos OS1 e OS2, as neoplasias mais frequentes foram o carcinoma mamário (OS1: 17% e OS2: 34%) e o mastocitoma (OS1: 17% e OS2: 18%). Nestes dois grupos, cinco canídeos encontravam-se sob terapia paliativa com prednisolona oral. Nos grupos OT1 e OT2, a neoplasia mais frequente foi o mastocitoma (OT2: 46%) seguida pelo linfoma (OT2: 31%). No grupo OS1 foram encontrados 3 animais com ITU, cada um com isolamento de um agente patogénico diferente (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli e Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) numa quantidade superior a 105UFC/ml. Destes isolados, verificou-se que a E.coli isolada era multi-resistente e produtora de cefalosporinase, e a estirpe de S. maltophilia era também multi-resistente, revelando-se susceptível à combinação Trimetoprim-Sulfametoxazol. Apenas um animal pertencente ao grupo retrospectivo OS2 apresentou ITU com isolamento de Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. Nos grupos ON1, OT1 e OT2 não foi diagnosticada nenhuma ITU. Pela aplicação do Teste Exacto de Fisher não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos OS1 e OS2 e OT1 e OT2. No nosso estudo, apenas os doentes oncológicos sujeitos a tratamento paliativo apresentaram ITU. Será necessário avaliar uma população de maior dimensão para determinar se a doença oncológica constitui um factor de risco para o aparecimento de ITU.
ABSTRACT - URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN THE ONCOLOGIC DOG: STUDY IN HOSPITAL ESCOLAR DA FMV – UTL The development of urinary tract infection depends essentially upon an inefficient response by the host. It is described that oncologic disease causes immunity disturbances, and that the affected cells are the same ones involved in the immune response to urinary tract infection. Thus, this study had the aim of evaluating the presence of urinary tract infection in oncologic patients (subjected or not to chemotherapeutic protocols). For the clinical investigation, two studies were defined: the Study 1, taken place in Hospital Escolar da FMV – UTL between 15th January 2010 and 30th April 2010; and the Study 2, which involved the analysis of cases between 2003 and the beginning of 2010. 3 groups were defined in Study 1: ON1 – healthy dogs (n=25); OS1 – oncologic patients not submitted to chemotherapy (n=12); OT1 – oncologic patients submitted to chemotherapy (n=6). Urinalysis type II and urine culture were performed in groups ON1, OS1 and OT1. The definitive diagnosis of the type of neoplasia was done by cytology after fine needle aspirate or histopathologic analysis of the surgical piece after resection. In Study 2, 102 dogs with oncologic disease were included (group OT2, n=13; group OS2, n=89). Results were statistically analyzed (SPSS 2009). In OS1 and OS2 groups, the most frequent neoplasias were the mammary carcinoma (OS1: 17% and OS2: 34%) and the mast cell tumor (OS1: 17% e OS2: 18%). In these groups, five dogs were under palliative therapy with oral prednisolone. In OT1 and OT2 groups, the most frequent neoplasia was the mast cell tumour (OT2: 46%) followed by lymphoma (OT2: 31%). In OS1 group, 3 animals were found with urinary tract infection, each one with a different pathogen isolated (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli e Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) in an amount above 105UFC/ml. Of these, it was observed that the isolated E.coli was multidrug-resistant and a cephalosporinases producer, and the S. maltophilia strain was multidrug-resistant, revealing susceptibility to the Trimetoprim-Sulfametoxazol combination. Only one animal from the OS2 group showed urinary tract infection with Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolate. In ON1, OT1 and OT2 groups, no urinary tract infection was diagnosed. There was not statistically significantly difference with the use of Fisher Exact Test between OS1 e OS2 e OT1 e OT2 groups. In this study, only oncologic patients subjected to palliative treatment showed urinary tract infection. It will be necessary to evaluate a larger population to determine if oncologic disease is a risk factor to the development of urinary tract infection.

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16

Schaefer, Gabriela da Cruz. "Avaliação clínico-laboratorial da obstrução uretral em felinos domésticos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/156921.

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A obstrução uretral é uma condição clínica comum em gatos, caracterizada por alterações metabólicas e do equilíbrio hidroeletrolítico e ácido-básico que são potencialmente fatais. Dentre as causas de obstrução uretral, a cistite idiopática é a mais frequentemente observada em diversos estudos. Outras causas incluem urolitíase, tampões uretrais e infecção do trato urinário. Em muitos casos, os gatos encontram-se em estado crítico e a morte pode ocorrer em decorrência de alterações metabólicas, como estado urêmico avançado e hipercalemia. As principais alterações eletrolíticas e do equilíbrio ácido-básico relatadas são hipercalemia, acidose metabólica, hiponatremia e hipocalcemia ionizada. Embora a obstrução uretral seja muito frequente na rotina clínica, estudos para caracterizar a população de gatos acometida ainda são escassos no Brasil. Características relacionadas ao manejo, dieta e perfil dos tutores podem influenciar na manifestação da doença. Os objetivos do presente estudo foram avaliar os parâmetros clínicos e as alterações hematológicas, bioquímicas, urinárias, eletrolíticas e ácido-básicas presentes em gatos com obstrução uretral e a associação entre estas variáveis. Além disso, objetivou-se conhecer as principais causas de obstrução uretral nos gatos atendidos no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Para isso, foram incluídos no estudo 28 gatos com diagnóstico de obstrução uretral no período de dezembro de 2015 a dezembro de 2016. Foram obtidos dados referentes ao histórico, exame físico, coletados sangue e urina, além da realização de exames de imagem (radiografia e ultrassonografia abdominal). Em todos os gatos foram realizados hemograma, bioquímica sérica, análise de pH, gases e eletrólitos sanguíneos, urinálise e urocultura. Após, todos os pacientes foram tratados de acordo com um protocolo pré-estabelecido. A causa mais comum de obstrução uretral neste estudo foi a cistite idiopática, que ocorreu em mais de 60% dos casos, seguida de tampões uretrais e infecção do trato urinário. Nenhum caso de urolitíase foi diagnosticado, o que pode ser explicado por fatores como idade, ambiente e estilo de vida dos animais. A maioria dos gatos obstruídos apresentou múltiplos sinais sistêmicos, assim como alterações metabólicas, eletrolíticas e do equilíbrio ácido-básico, principalmente azotemia, hiperlactatemia, acidose metabólica, hipercalemia e hipocalcemia ionizada. Hipotermia, depressão do estado mental, bradicardia e desidratação foram os parâmetros clínicos que tiveram maior quantidade de associação com as alterações metabólicas e podem ser considerados bons preditores clínicos destas desordens. Por outro lado, o lactato não foi considerado um bom preditor de alterações clínicas e laboratoriais neste estudo.
Urethral obstruction is a common and potentially life-threatening condition, characterized by severe metabolic, electrolyte and acid-base disturbances. Among the causes of urethral obstruction, idiopathic cystitis is the most frequent in several studies. Other causes include urolithiasis, urethral plugs and urinary tract infection. In many cases, cats are critically ill and death may occur due to metabolic alterations, such as advanced uremic status and hyperkalemia. The main electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders reported are hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, hyponatremia and ionized hypocalcemia. Although urethral obstruction is a very common condition, there are few studies characterizing the population affected by the disease in Brazil. Characteristics related to management, diet and owner’s profile can influence the manifestation of the disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of clinical, haematological, biochemical, urinary, hydroelectrolyte and acid-base parameters in male cats with urethral obstruction. In addition, the objective was to determine the causes of urethral obstruction in male cats admitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Twenty-eight cats diagnosed with urethral obstruction were included in the study between December 2015 and December 2016. Data regarding medical history and physical examination were obtained. Blood and urine were collected, and imaging tests were performed (abdominal radiography and ultrasonography). Complete blood count, serum chemistry, blood pH, gas and electrolyte, urinalysis and urine culture were performed. All patients were treated accordingly to a previous established protocol. The most common cause of urethral obstruction in this study was idiopathic cystitis, which occurred in more than 60% of cases, followed by urethral plugs and urinary tract infection. No diagnosis of urolithiasis was achieved which could be explained by factors like age, environment and life style of cats. Most of obstructed cats presented with multiple systemic clinical signs, as well as, metabolic, electrolyte and acid-base alterations. The main disorders found were azotemia, hyperlactatemia, metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia and ionized hypocalcemia. Hypothermia, depressed mental status, bradycardia and dehydration were the clinical parameters with the greatest amount of associations with the metabolic alterations and can be considered as good predictors of metabolic disorders. On the other hand, lactate was not considered a good predictor of clinical and laboratory abnormalities in this study.

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17

Adams, Michael John. "Sexual and reproductive health problems among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander males." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16599/1/Michael_John_Adams_Thesis.pdf.

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Compared to males in almost any social group in all affluent nations, Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men suffer from substantially more serious illnesses and early death. To date, research done by or in collaboration with Indigenous communities has revealed the extent of the problems that arise from diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, cancers, respiratory diseases, psychological disorders, accidental injuries, violence and other causes. Reproductive health, however, rarely has been studied among Indigenous men. To date, research in this field has been limited mainly to studies of sexually transmitted infections. No data has been published on Aboriginal men's symptoms of prostate disease or erectile dysfunction, nor has the clinical screening and treatment of these disorders among these men been assessed. In-depth search of the worldwide web demonstrated that little information on these issues was available from other Indigenous populations. It does appear that Indigenous men in Australia, New Zealand and North America are less likely than European-ancestry men to die from prostate cancer, or for living cases to be recorded on cancer registries. This may arise because Indigenous men genuinely have a lower risk, or because they are not captured by official statistics, or because they do not live long enough to develop severe prostate disease. We also know very little about other reproductive health problems such as sexual dysfunction and specifically erectile difficulties. One reason for our scant knowledge is that research mainly relies on self-report of sensitive information. The aim of the research study was to improve the understanding of sexual and reproductive health problems experienced by Indigenous men. This is best gathered by Aboriginal males who are inside the culture of middleaged and older Indigenous men, but until now this has not been attempted. In this study we adopted the World Health Organization (WHO) definitions for Reproductive and Sexual Health (WHO, 2001). Thus, we consider reproductive system disorders (prostate disease, erectile dysfunction) and related health care-seeking, and also men's perceptions about a "satisfying and safe sexual life". The methodology was framed within an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander research protocol that advocates respect for cultural, social and community customs. A mixed method design combined qualitative inquiry (4 focus groups and 18 in-depth interviews) and quantitative survey (n=301) involving men living in remote, rural and urban communities (Tiwi Islands, Darwin and north and south-east Queensland). Survey data were compared to recently published self-reports from 5990 randomly selected men aged over 40 years in Australia (Holden et al., 2005, The Lancet, 366, 218-224. The qualitative interviews revealed that most men were silent about reproductive health. They were unwilling to reveal their inner feelings to wives or partners, and they were unwilling to discuss such issues with doctors and other health care workers. Men's reaction to sexual difficulties included shame, denial, substance abuse and occasionally violence. On a positive note many men said they want to learn about it, so they understand how to cope with such problems. The Indigenous men reported symptoms of erectile dysfunction at least as much as non-Indigenous men in other Australian studies. Bivariate analysis showed that erectile dysfunction was correlated with many health and lifestyle variable. However multivariate analysis revealed that only three factors significantly predicted ED: presence of chronic disease, presence of pain when working, and living in a remote geographic location The quantitative survey data indicate that Indigenous men have more symptoms of prostate disease than non-Indigenous men. The syndrome appears to be poorly managed in clinical practice (e.g. rates of PSA testing and digital-rectal examination are only one-third the rate reported by non-Aboriginal men, despite equivalent likelihood of GP visits). The research study adds to the literature by providing better insight and depth into the issues impacting on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander males experiencing reproductive and sexual health difficulties. It also provides a platform to undertake comprehensive research with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men to explore a wider spectrum of questions in this important but neglected area. Implications for education of primary healthcare workers and community-based awareness campaigns for Indigenous males are discussed. Most of all, this study revealed "layers" of silence around sexual and reproductive health of Indigenous men. This includes silence in the scientific establishments in health services, and in the community. It is hoped that this study puts the voices of the men forward to help to break down this silence.

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18

Adams, Michael John. "Sexual and reproductive health problems among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander males." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16599/.

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Compared to males in almost any social group in all affluent nations, Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men suffer from substantially more serious illnesses and early death. To date, research done by or in collaboration with Indigenous communities has revealed the extent of the problems that arise from diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, cancers, respiratory diseases, psychological disorders, accidental injuries, violence and other causes. Reproductive health, however, rarely has been studied among Indigenous men. To date, research in this field has been limited mainly to studies of sexually transmitted infections. No data has been published on Aboriginal men's symptoms of prostate disease or erectile dysfunction, nor has the clinical screening and treatment of these disorders among these men been assessed. In-depth search of the worldwide web demonstrated that little information on these issues was available from other Indigenous populations. It does appear that Indigenous men in Australia, New Zealand and North America are less likely than European-ancestry men to die from prostate cancer, or for living cases to be recorded on cancer registries. This may arise because Indigenous men genuinely have a lower risk, or because they are not captured by official statistics, or because they do not live long enough to develop severe prostate disease. We also know very little about other reproductive health problems such as sexual dysfunction and specifically erectile difficulties. One reason for our scant knowledge is that research mainly relies on self-report of sensitive information. The aim of the research study was to improve the understanding of sexual and reproductive health problems experienced by Indigenous men. This is best gathered by Aboriginal males who are inside the culture of middleaged and older Indigenous men, but until now this has not been attempted. In this study we adopted the World Health Organization (WHO) definitions for Reproductive and Sexual Health (WHO, 2001). Thus, we consider reproductive system disorders (prostate disease, erectile dysfunction) and related health care-seeking, and also men's perceptions about a "satisfying and safe sexual life". The methodology was framed within an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander research protocol that advocates respect for cultural, social and community customs. A mixed method design combined qualitative inquiry (4 focus groups and 18 in-depth interviews) and quantitative survey (n=301) involving men living in remote, rural and urban communities (Tiwi Islands, Darwin and north and south-east Queensland). Survey data were compared to recently published self-reports from 5990 randomly selected men aged over 40 years in Australia (Holden et al., 2005, The Lancet, 366, 218-224. The qualitative interviews revealed that most men were silent about reproductive health. They were unwilling to reveal their inner feelings to wives or partners, and they were unwilling to discuss such issues with doctors and other health care workers. Men's reaction to sexual difficulties included shame, denial, substance abuse and occasionally violence. On a positive note many men said they want to learn about it, so they understand how to cope with such problems. The Indigenous men reported symptoms of erectile dysfunction at least as much as non-Indigenous men in other Australian studies. Bivariate analysis showed that erectile dysfunction was correlated with many health and lifestyle variable. However multivariate analysis revealed that only three factors significantly predicted ED: presence of chronic disease, presence of pain when working, and living in a remote geographic location The quantitative survey data indicate that Indigenous men have more symptoms of prostate disease than non-Indigenous men. The syndrome appears to be poorly managed in clinical practice (e.g. rates of PSA testing and digital-rectal examination are only one-third the rate reported by non-Aboriginal men, despite equivalent likelihood of GP visits). The research study adds to the literature by providing better insight and depth into the issues impacting on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander males experiencing reproductive and sexual health difficulties. It also provides a platform to undertake comprehensive research with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men to explore a wider spectrum of questions in this important but neglected area. Implications for education of primary healthcare workers and community-based awareness campaigns for Indigenous males are discussed. Most of all, this study revealed "layers" of silence around sexual and reproductive health of Indigenous men. This includes silence in the scientific establishments in health services, and in the community. It is hoped that this study puts the voices of the men forward to help to break down this silence.

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19

WENG, SHIAO LAN, and 翁曉蘭. "A Clinical Correlation of the Low Urinary Tract Symptoms and Metabolic Syndrome." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78912124806157052633.

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碩士
東海大學
工業工程與經營資訊學系
98
More evidence recently has reported toward a relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and the presence of metabolic syndrome. The increasing prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in the United States & Euopean makes this an increasingly relevant problem. The correlation of anthropometric and metabolic factors and patients with the LUTS is rare studied before in Taiwan. We analyze the relationship of metabolic profiles between people receiving physical checkup and patients with the lower urinary tract syndrome.

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20

(5930249), Weeseong Seo. "A Low Power Fully Autonomous Wireless Health Monitoring System For Urinary Tract Infection Screening." Thesis, 2019.

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Recent advancements of health monitoring sensing technologies are enabling plethora of new applications in a variety of biomedical areas. In this work, we present a new sensing technology that enables a fully autonomous monitoring of urinary tract infection (UTI). UTI is the second most common infection in the human body caused by bacterial pathogens, and costs millions of dollars each year to the patients and the health care industry. UTI is easily treatable using antibiotics if identified in early stages. However, when early stage identification is missed, UTI can be a major source of serious complications such as ascending infections, loss of kidney function, bacteremia, and sepsis. Unfortunately, the limitations of existing UTI monitoring technologies such as high cost, time-intensive sample preparation, and relatively high false alarm rate prohibit reliable detection of UTI in early stages. The problem becomes more serious in certain patient groups such as infants and geriatric patients suffering from neurodegenerative diseases, who have difficulties in realizing the symptoms and communicating the symptoms with their caregivers. In addition to the aforementioned difficulties, the fact that UTI is often asymptomatic makes early stage identifications quite challenging, and the reliable monitoring and detection of UTI in early stages remain as a serious problem.

To address these issues, we propose a diaper-embedded, self-powered, and fully autonomous UTI monitoring sensor module that enables autonomous monitoring and detection of UTI in early stages with minimal effort. The sensor module consists of a paper-based colorimetric nitrite sensor, urine-activated batteries, a boost dc-dc converter, a low-power sensor interface utilizing pulse width modulation, a Bluetooth low energy module for wireless transmission, and a software performing calibration at run-time.

To further optimize the sensor module, a new fully integrated DC-DC converter with low-profile and low ripple is developed. The proposed DC-DC converter maintains an extremely low level of output voltage ripples in the face of different battery output voltages, which is crucial for realizing low-noise sensor interfaces. Since the DC-DC converter is a part of a module embedded into a diaper, it is highly desirable for the DC-DC converter to have a small physical form factor in both area and height. To address this issue, the proposed DC-DC converter adopts a new charge recycling technique that enables a fully integrated design without utilizing any off-chip components. In addition, the DC-DC converter utilizes sub-module sharing techniques – multiple modules share a voltage buffer and a recycle capacitor to reduce power consumption and save chip area. The DC-DC converter provides a regulated voltage of 1.2V and achieves a maximum efficiency of 80% with a 300ohm load resistance. The output voltage ripple is in the range of 19.6mV to 26.6mV for an input voltage ranging from 0.66 to 0.86V.

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21

Liaw, Kuen-Fu, and 廖崑富. "A cohort study on lower urinary tract cancers in the endemic area of blackfoot disease." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81561845856940099041.

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Ksiezarek, Magdalena Dorota. "Comprehensive urogenital microbiome profiling: towards better understanding of female urinary tract in health and disease." Doctoral thesis, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/139154.

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23

Araújo, Salomé Azevedo. "Lower urinary tract disease in Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus): a 14 years retrospective study (2004-2018)." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/9201.

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Dissertation of the Integrated Master in Veterinary Medicine
Lower urinary tract diseases in guinea pigs are becoming more common in exotic medicine, particularly urolithiasis, cystitis and urinary tract infections (UTI). Guinea pigs have gained popularity as pets, so the study of their diseases is becoming more relevant. In this dissertation, a retrospective study is presented on the lower urinary tract disease in guinea pigs. It was used the clinical records from Bairbre O’Malley Veterinary Hospital, of a 14-year period. The objective was to analyze the populations characteristics, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, response to treatment and compared the data with the literature. It was also analyzed the association between the clinical variables with the gender, the diagnosis, the location of the uroliths and response to treatment. In our study the median age of cavies was 3 years old. There was an association between diagnosis and gender (p = 0.002), males were diagnosed predominantly with urolithiasis (n = 32, 61.5%) while females were diagnosed mainly with UTI and cystitis. It was also observed a statistically significant association between gender and the anatomical location of urolith (p = 0.001), revealing that urethral calculi were more common in females (n = 10; 50%), while bladder uroliths were more prevalent in males (n = 23, 71.9%). The association between gender and disease recurrence was also statistically relevant (p = 0.025), with females having more episodes of recurrence than males. The gender also presented a significant statistical association with the family history of urinary diseases, (p <0.001) with females (n = 45; 75%) apparently being predisposed to males. There was also a statistically significant association between disease recurrence and diagnosis (p = 0.005). Animals with a presumptive diagnosis of cystitis or ITUI were the ones that used the most (n = 39; 62.9%). Regarding the reason for the presentation, the frequency of occurrence was very significant (p <0.001) most of the guinea pigs presented to the consultation due to urologic symptoms, namely dysuria (n = 84, 71.8%), stranguria (n = 84, 71.8%), hematuria (n = 78, 66.7%) and pain in the abdomen (n = 72, 61.5%). The association between the reason for the consultation and the diagnosis (p = 0.035) revealed that in animals with nonspecific clinical signs, most were diagnosed with urolithiasis. The associations between hematuria and the diagnosis (p = 0.012) also presented statistical significance. The absence of these clinical signs was more frequent in animals with urolithiasis. Radiography was the most used diagnostic tool (n = 105, 89.7%). Regarding treatment, the association of potassium citrate was associated with a better response to treatment (p = 0.004). This study allowed us to conclude that lower urinary tract diseases are common and easily treatable in guinea pigs. However, the high rate of recurrences requires a systematized clinical approach and careful medical follow-up.
As doenças do trato urinário inferior em porquinhos-da-Índia são cada vez mais frequentes em clinica de animais exóticos, nomeadamente cistite, urolitíase e infeção do trato urinário inferior (ITUI). Os porquinhos da India têm vindo a popularizar-se como animais de estimação nas ultimas décadas, pelo que se torna relevante o estudo das doenças mais frequente neste espécie. Nesta dissertação, é abordado um estudo retrospetivo sobre doenças do trato urinário inferior em porquinhos-da-Índia. Foram utilizados registos clinicos do Bairbre O’Malley Veterinary Hospital, de um periodo de 14 anos. O objectivo foi analisar as caracteristicas da população, apresentação clinica, diagnóstico, tratamento e resposta ao tratamento e comparar os resultados com a bibliografia. Foram também analisadas a associação entre as variaveis clinicas com o genero, o diagnóstico, localização do urolito e resposta ao tratamento. A idade média dos porquinhos foi 3 anos. Foi observada associação entre o diagnóstico e o género (p=0,002), os machos foram diagnosticados predominantemente com urolitíase (n=32;61,5%) enquanto as fêmeas foram diagnosticadas principalmente com ITUI e cistite. Também foi observada uma associação estatisticamente muito significativa entre o género e a localização anatomica do urolito (p=0,001), revelando que os calculos uretrais foram mais comuns em fêmeas (n=10; 50%), sendo que nos machos os urólitos na bexiga foram mais prevalentes (n=23; 71,9%). A associação entre género e a recorrência da doença também foi relevante estatisticamente (p=0,025), com as fêmeas a terem mais episódios de recorrência do que os machos. O género apresentou ainda uma associação estatística significativa com a historia familiar de doenças urinarias, (p<0,001) com as fêmeas (n=45; 75%) a aparentemente serem predispostas que os machos. Também se observou uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre a recorrência da doença e o diagnóstico (p=0,005). Animais com diagnóstico presuntivo de cistite ou ITUI foram os que mais recorreram (n=39; 62,9%). Relativamente ao motivo da consulta, a frequência de ocorrência foi muito significativa (p<0,001), a maioria dos porquinhos-da-Índia apresentou-se à consulta devido a sintomas urologicos, nomeadamente disuria (n=84; 71,8%), estranguria (n=84; 71,8%), hematuria (n=78; 66,7%) e dor no abdomen (n=72; 61,5%). A associação entre o motivo da consulta e o diagnóstico (p=0,035) revelou que em animais com sinais clinicos inespecificos, a maioria foi diagnosticada com urolitiase. As associações entre hematuria e o diagnóstico (p<0,001) e dor à palpação com o diagnóstico (p=0,012) também apresentaram significado estatístico. A ausência destes sinais clínicos foi mais frequente em animais com urolitiase. A radiografia foi o meio de diagnóstico mais utilizado (n=105; 89,7%). Relativamente ao tratamento, a associação de citrato de potássio esteve associada com uma melhor resposta ao tratamento (p=0,004). Este estudo permiti-nos concluir que as doenças do trato urinário inferior são comuns e facilmente tratáveis em porquinhos da India. No entanto a elevada taxa de recorrências exige uma abordagem clínica sistematizada e um acompanhamento médico cuidado.

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24

(5930459), Wuyang Yu. "A Diaper-Embedded Paper-Based Sensing Platform with On-Board Urine-Activated Battery for Urinary Tract Disease Screening." Thesis, 2019.

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Urinalysis is a common laboratory test used for diagnosis of a variety of systemic and genitourinary diseases. Although, collection of sample for urinalysis is extremely easy, when performed during an office visit, in pediatric and geriatric populations, who use diaper, such collection is not trivial and can result in missing important diagnostic information. For example, urinary tract infections (UTIs), are a major source of morbidity in incontinent elderly with dementia who cannot communicate their symptom to their caregivers. Although most UTIs are easily treatable with antibiotics, if not identified and treated timely, they can cause ascending infection, loss of kidney function, sepsis, and possible death. Deployment of smart, autonomous, diaper-embedded systems that can detect early signs of urinary dysfunction can have a significant impact on healthcare of our rapidly aging population. In this dissertation, I propose a diaper-embedded, low-cost, and disposable sensing platform comprising of a urine-activated battery and sensors for detection of nitrite (a surrogate for UTI), red blood cells (hematuria), and protein (proteinuria). I will first discuss my efforts to develop an optical/colorimetric nitrite sensor and a urine-activated power source, all fabricated on a hydrophobic paper/polymeric substrate through laser-assisted machining and lamination-assembly. The system stays in a dormant state until wetted by urine, after which the on-board power source is activated, awakening the rest of the measurement system (i.e., a light emitting diode, a photodetector, interface electronics, and a low-power Bluetooth module) and transmitting the presence or absence of nitrite in the urine to vicinal caregivers in a point-of-care and autonomous fashion. Thorough characterization of the performance and reliability analysis of the platform are also presented to envision its use as an end product. Afterwards, I will discuss the characterization of sensors, based on similar principle, for detecting red blood cells (hematuria) and protein (proteinuria), and the extendibility of the proposed platform for a multi-parameter system measuring nitrite, blood, and protein in the urine. Finally, I will conclude with other possible applications besides urinalysis for the proposed system.

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25

Schmid, Carolin [Verfasser]. "Epidemiologie und klinische Symptome bei Katzen mit "Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease" : eine retrospektive Auswertung von 648 Fällen / Carolin Schmid." 2011. http://d-nb.info/1011185423/34.

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26

Lai, Ming-Nan, and 賴銘南. "Chinese herbal products highly suspected to contain aristolochic acid and the development of chronic renal disease or urinary tract cancer." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74614595736917776055.

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博士
臺灣大學
職業醫學與工業衛生研究所
98
Background：Nephropathy or urinary tract cancer.associated with aristolochic acid (AA) has been documented by human and animal studies. Taiwan has a remarkably high incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Aims: The objective of this study intends to determine the risks of chronic kidney disease (CKD), end stage renal disease (ESRD) or urinary tract cancer associated with Chinese herbal products (CHP) highly suspected to contain AA (Ma-Dou-Ling, Tian-Xian-Teng, Xi-Xin, (Guan-)Mu-Tong, (Guang-)Fangchi, and Mu-Xiang) through a population-based database of the National Health Insurance (NHI) system of Taiwan. There are 3 studies as follows: 1. Risks of chronic kidney disease associated with prescribed Chinese herbal products suspected to contain aristolochic acid Materials and Methods: A retrospective follow-up study was conducted, using a simple random sample (200 000 people) in the National Health Insurance reimbursement database during 1997–2002. Cox regression models were constructed to control potential confounders, including age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and acetaminophen. Results: A total of 199 843 persons were included in the final analysis, 102 464 (51.3%) men and 97 379 (48.7%) women, with an average incidence rate of 1964/106 person-years for CKD and 279/106 person-years for ESRD. After controlling other risk factors, the hazard ratios for development of CKD seemed to increase for patients that had consumed more than 30 g Mu-Tong, and more than 60 g Fangchi. Conclusion: Prescription of more than 30 g Mu-Tong or more than 60 g Fangchi CHP was associated with an increased risk of developing CKD. In addition to prohibiting the use of Guan-Mu-Tong and Guang-Fangchi, patients who have used these CHP should continue to be followed up. 2. Risks of end-stage renal disease associated with prescribed Chinese herbal products suspected to contain aristolochic acid Materials and Methods: The registries for patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) in the reimbursement database of catastrophic illnesses from NHI (National Health Insurance) in Taiwan during 1997 – 2002 were collected as the cases, while a simple random sample of 200,000 people would be used as controls after excluding patients with kidney diseases. Potential risk factors, including age; sex; hypertension; diabetes; cumulative doses of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acetaminophen, and adulterated herbal supplements potentially containing aristolochic acid before the development of chronic kidney disease; and indications for prescribing such herbs, including chronic hepatitis, chronic urinary tract infection, chronic neuralgia, or chronic musculoskeletal diseases, were assessed for independent association with occurrences of end-stage renal disease through construction of multiple logistic regression models. Results: There were 36,620 new ESRD cases from 1998 through 2002. After exclusion of cases with chronic kidney disease diagnosed before July 1, 1997, there were 25,843 new cases of ESRD and 184,851 controls in the final analysis. After adjustment for known risk factors, cumulative doses > 60 g of Mu Tong (OR, 1.47 [95% CI, 1.01-2.14] for 61-100 g; OR, 5.82 [95% CI, 3.89-8.71] for > 200 g) or Fangchi (OR, 1.60 [95% CI, 1.20-2.14] for 61-100 g; OR, 1.94 [95% CI, 1.29-2.92] for > 200 g) were associated with increased risk of the development of ESRD with a dose-response relationship. Conclusions: Consumption of > 60 g of Mu Tong or Fangchi from herbal supplements was associated with an increased risk of developing kidney failure (ESRD). 3. Risks of urinary tract cancer associated with prescribed Chinese herbal products suspected to contain aristolochic acid Materials and Methods: All patients newly diagnosed with urinary tract cancer (case subjects) from 2001 to 2002, and a random sample of the entire insured population from 1997 to 2002 (control subjects), were selected from the National Health Insurance reimbursement database. Subjects who were ever prescribed more than 500 pills of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and/or acetaminophen were excluded, leaving 4594 case patients and 174 701 control subjects in the final analysis. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by using multivariable logistic regression models for the association between prescribed Chinese herbs containing aristolochic acid and the occurrence of urinary tract cancer. Models were adjusted for age, sex, residence in a township where black foot disease was endemic (an indicator of chronic arsenic exposure from drinking water [a risk factor for urinary tract cancer]), and history of chronic urinary tract infection. Statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Having been prescribed more than 60 g of Mu Tong and an estimated consumption of more than 150 mg of aristolochic acid were independently associated with an increased risk for urinary tract cancer in multivariable analyses (Mu Tong: at 61–100 g, OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.3 to 2.1, and at >200 g, OR = 2.1, 95% CI =1.3 to 3.4; aristolochic acid: at 151–250 mg, OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1 to 1.8, and at >500 mg, OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.4 to 2.9), with a statistically significant linear dose–response relationship. Conclusions: Consumption of aristolochic acid–containing Chinese herbal products is associated with an increased risk of cancer of the urinary tract in a dose-dependent manner that is independent of arsenic exposure.

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Lee, Yen-Jen, and 李彥錚. "Low Urinary Tract Probloms, Bladder Management Related Self-Efficacy and Quality of Life among Spinal Cord-Injured Patients-A Correlational Study." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70974819429094356044.

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碩士
慈濟大學
護理學系碩士班
104
Patients with spinal cord injury may suffer from a variety of lower urinary tract symptoms due to nerve damages. If the problems are not controlled properly, they will often lead to complications such as infection and impaired renal function . Movement difficulty caused by spinal cord injury will not only restrict patients’ mobility but also lead to incontinence, causing inconvenience and hampering life quality. This study aims to investigate lower urinary tract problems, self-efficacy of urination behaviour, and their quality of life among Taiwan’s patients with spinal cord injury. The participants in the study were spinal cord injuried patients refered from a medical center in the eastern Taiwan. Purposive sampling was used and structured questionnaires and retrospective tracking on past medical records were utilized to review the medical records. From May 2014 to September 2015, 116 cases were recruited and the average age is 43±13.73 years. Among the participants, 91 (78.44%) of them are male and mostly unmarried(60.34%). The injury parts are mostly cervical vertebra(48, 41.37%); most of them are confined to wheelchairs (89, 76.72%); more completely damaged patients (63, 54.31%); and only 42 (36.20%) participants are independent in most daily activities. Paticipants reported higher Urinary Catheter Self-efficacy(CSE) than Urinating Behaviour Self-efficacy(UBSE), scoring 5.33±3.28 and 2.94±2.85 respectively. As for the quality of life, the average score of UDI-6 is 11.6 ± 4.57, of IIQ-7, 15.9 ±7 .25 and of SF36, 61.2 ± 17.1, indicating that patients are slightly or moderately afflicted by urinal tract problems. The results of inferential statistics reported significant differences between different ages, careers and educational degrees in response to CSE and UBSE (p <0.05). CSE has a slight negative correlation with urinary problems and the quality of life. Self-efficacy for “water drinking correctness” has a significant negative correlation with SF36 (r = -0.19, p < 0.05). In addition, “medical communication” of urinary catheter self-efficacy has a significant negative correlation with Physical Component Score (r = -0.19, p<0.05). Self-efficacy plays a direct medium in the relationship between daily activities and urinary tract infection. The prediction of the relation between self-efficacy and the urinary problem, “urinary tract infection” reach significance, (β = 0.34, p = 0.03) indicating self-efficacy will directly influence the lower urinary tract problems. Self-efficacy plays an indirect mediated effect on quality of life. Moreover, age (β = -1.37, p = 0.00), mobile capability (β = -0.85, p = 0.05), daily activities (β = -0.36, p = 0.01) and medical convenience (β = -1.22, p = 0.01) have significant relations with quality of life. In addition, self-efficacy has a significant negative effect on quality of life. The statistics show that age (β = -1.40, p = 0.00), mobile capability (β = -0.86, p = 0.05), daily activities (β = -0.37, p = 0.01) and medical convenience (β = -1.03, p = 0.04) have indirect influences on quality of life. The results of the study show that patients with spinal cord injury have lower scores in urinary CSE, scoring 4.40 to 6.47; self-efficacy for taking care of the catheters obtained the lowest average score, 4.40 (SD ± 3.62); and UBSE on urination behaviour scored 2.16 (SD ± 2.30). These results are similar to that of the national spinal cord injury rehabilitation self-efficacy study. Therefore, Effective clinical education of self-care behaviors should pay more attention on their self-efficacy. Including urinary catheter self-efficacy questionnaire as part of the routine assessment could enhance participants’ treatment outcome. Continuous keep tracking on patients urinate behaviours could further maintain lower urinary tract health and improve life quality. Keywords: spinal cord injury, neurogenic bladder, lower urinary tract problems, self-efficacy, quality of life.

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Dautel, Michaela [Verfasser]. "FLUTD (feline lower urinary tract disease) : retrospektive Studie zu Auftreten und Therapieverfahren und sonographische Befunde bei operativ versorgten Patienten / von Michaela Dautel." 2007. http://d-nb.info/984610049/34.

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Chien-Hwa, Liao, and 廖建華. "Lactate dehydrogenase B subunit (LDHB)low expression is associated with tumor progressionand independently predicts inferior disease-specificand metastasis-free survivalin urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/34994897724195036338.

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碩士
南台科技大學
生物科技系
99
Abstract In our previous studies, comparative proteomics demonstrated that lactate dehydrogenase B subunit (LDH-B) is down-regulated in high grade urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma (UBUC) compared to non-high grade ones. However, this finding has not been validated by clinical cohort investigation. Therefore, in present study 269 primary localized UBUC specimens were examined for LDH-B expression to clarify the relevance of LDH-B expression level to UBUC progression. Immunohistochenmistry (IHC) was implemented to investigate LDH-B protein expression in 269 primary localized UBUC specimens and to evaluate the association with tumor progression and prognosis. Our data demonstrated that dwindled LDH-B expression level was strongly associated with increment of primary tumor status (p<0.0001), higher histological grade (p=0.0024), the presence of vascular (p=0.0118) as well as perineurial (p=0.0094) invasion, suggesting that LDH-B might be related to tumor progression. At the univariate level, low LDH-B expression is one of many parameters which significantly predicted both disease-specific survival (DSS) (p=0.0001) and metastasis-free survival (MeFS) (p=0.0024). In Cox multivariate regression model, higher pT status was the strongest independent prognosticator for both DSS (p=0.0006) and MeFS (p=0.0067) while Low LDH-B expression remained prognostically significant for DSS (p=0.0401). The above results confirmed the prognostic roles of LDH-B in UBUC

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Pinheiro, Ângela Peres. "Doença do Tracto Urinário Inferior Felino: Um estudo retrospectivo." Master's thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/353.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Medicina Veterinária
A Doença do Tracto Urinário Inferior Felino (DTUIF) é considerada um dos diagnósticos mais comuns na patologia felina. Não encontrámos na literatura, estudos clínicos retrospectivos sobre a DTUIF em Portugal, estando-se totalmente dependentes dos dados da literatura estrangeira. Portanto, tornou-se o principal objectivo deste trabalho a avaliação dos aspectos gerais relacionados com esta doença nomeadamente: taxa de mortalidade, factores de risco, sinais clínicos, meios de diagnóstico, tratamentos e prevenção. Foram avaliados 92 felinos que se apresentaram no Hospital Veterinário Montenegro, no Porto, com sinais clínicos de DTUIF durante os anos de 2007 e 2008. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram uma maior ocorrência da DTUIF nos machos sem raça definida, obesos, entre os 2 e os 8 anos, de carácter nervoso ou agressivo, que se alimentavam exclusivamente de ração seca, sedentários, com modo de vida exclusivamente de interior, que conviviam com outros animais e sem interesse por outras fontes de água que não o bebedouro. Não se obtiveram diferenças estatisticamente significativas relativamente à castração, à época do ano, à atenção dos donos e às características da liteira. Os sinais clínicos mais frequentes foram prostração, hematúria e polaquiúria, estando 59,8% dos felinos obstruídos. A etiologia mais identificada foi a idiopática (62%), seguida da litíase (15,2%), das infecções do tracto urinário (12%) e dos tampões uretrais (4,3%). Na análise de urina verificou-se predominância de densidade superior a 1,040, hematúria, proteinúria, e cristalúria, esta com grande predominância de estruvite. Todos foram submetidos a tratamento médico e 17,5% sofreram uretrostomias; 54,3% dos casos eram recidivantes e 21,8% sofreram recidivas; a taxa de mortalidade foi de 6,5%. Embora este trabalho necessite ser completado através da obtenção de dados baseados no estudo de grupos controle, sem DTUIF, a maior parte dos resultados obtidos confirmaram as estatísticas de estudos anteriores sobre esta doença, que continua a constituir um grande desafio diagnóstico e terapêutico para o clínico veterinário.
Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease (FLUTD) is considered one of the most common diagnoses in feline pathology. Retrospective studies about FLUTD in Portugal are inexistent and this means that the Portuguese professionals are totally dependent on data from foreign literature. In order to contradict this tendency, the main purpose of this study was to evaluate general aspects related to this disease, namely: mortality rate, risk factors, clinical signs, diagnosis methods, treatments and prevention. 92 felines with clinical symptoms of FLUTD that arrived to Montenegro Veterinary Hospital between 2007 and 2008 were evaluated. The results showed a stronger incidence of FLUTD on males with no specific breed, overweight, between the 2 and 8 years of age, of nervous or aggressive character, exclusively fed with dry food, sedentary, living exclusively indoors, surrounded by other animals and with no interest for other water sources except of their own water bowl. Significant statistical differences related with neutering status, season of the year, owner’s attention and litter characteristic were not found. The most common clinical signs were prostration, haematuria and poliakiuria, and 59,8% of the cases occurred in obstructed felines. The most frequent etiology was the idiopathic (62%), followed by urolithiasis (15,2%), urinary tract infections (12%) and urethral plugs (4,3%). Urinalysis detected a tendency for an urine specific gravity superior of 1,040, haematuria, proteinuria and crystalluria, the lastest being mostly struvite cases. All the animals underwent medical treatment and 17,5% of them suffered urethrostomies; 54,3% of the cases had a previous clinical history of FLUTD and 21,8% had recurrences; the mortality rate was 6,5%. Although this study needs to be completed with the analysis of data from control groups, without FLUTD, most of the results had confirmed the previous statistics concerning this disease, which still is a huge diagnosis and therapeutical challenge to the veterinary.

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Lemos, Magda Maria Gomes. "Síndrome da Bexiga Dolorosa/Cistite Intersticial." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/82486.

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Trabalho de Projeto do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina
Contexto:A Síndrome da Bexiga Dolorosa/Cistite Intersticial é parte integrante das designadas Síndromes de Dor Pélvica Crónica. Inicialmente descrita apenas como Cistite Intersticial, com base em achados cistoscópicos específicos (lesões de Hunner), tem hoje uma abrangência mais vasta englobando muitos outros casos sintomáticos, mas sem achados diagnósticos característicos. Apesar de não se tratar de uma doença ameaçadora da vida, é bem reconhecido o seu impacto negativo na qualidade de vida. A incerteza da sua etiologia e fisiopatologia causa grandes entraves no diagnóstico e tratamento desta patologia. Objectivos:Este artigo revê e actualiza alguns conceitos base acerca desta patologia, desde a sua própria definição à apresentação clínica e congrega as hipóteses etiopatogénicas mais aceites correntemente, procurando articulá-las com a orientação diagnóstica e tratamento mais adequados. Métodos:A evidência científica citada foi adquirida através da plataforma PubMed, referenciando-se 49 artigos no total. Foram também consultadas revistas, guidelines e livros de texto.Síntese:Com base na leitura e análise da pesquisa efectuada, conclui-se que ainda muitos aspectos acerca desta patologia permanecem por esclarecer. A sua definição como conceito mais amplo veio beneficiar a estratificação dos doentes, factor importante na sua orientação e tratamento. Várias são as opções terapêuticas já apresentadas, algumas com bons resultados em casos específicos.Conclusão:A evidência científica actual mostra-se insuficiente para explicar todos os factores envolvidos nesta patologia. O reconhecimento da sua apresentação clínica poderá sugerir o diagnóstico em doentes com queixas do tracto urinário de outra forma inexplicadas.
Context:Bladder pain syndrome / Interstitial cystitis is an integral part of the so-called Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndromes. Initially described only as Interstitial Cystitis, based on specific cystoscopic findings (Hunner's lesions), it now has a broader scope encompassing many other symptomatic cases but without characteristic diagnostic findings. Although it is not a life threatening disease, its negative impact on quality of life is well recognized. The uncertainty of its etiology and pathophysiology causes great obstacles in the diagnosis and treatment of this pathology.Objectives:This article reviews and updates some basic concepts about this pathology, from its own definition to clinical presentation, and brings together the currently accepted etiopathogenic hypotheses, seeking to articulate them with the most appropriate diagnostic and treatment orientation.Methods:The cited scientific evidence was acquired through the PubMed platform, referencing 49 articles in total. Magazines, guidelines and textbooks were also consulted.Synthesis:Based on the reading and analysis of the research carried out, it is concluded that still many aspects about this pathology remain unclear. Its definition as a broader concept has benefited patient stratification, an important factor in its orientation and treatment. There are several therapeutic options already presented, some with good results in specific cases.Conclusion:Current scientific evidence is insufficient to explain all the factors involved in this pathology. Recognition of its clinical presentation may suggest the diagnosis in patients with otherwise unexplained urinary tract complaints.

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Khenifar, Elodie. "Évaluation de l’utilité clinique d’une méthode de dépistage de l’hématurie féline." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22614.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Low urinary tract disease'

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