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Journal articles on the topic 'Low molecular weight profiling'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

Di Girolamo, Francesco, Jhessica Alessandroni, Paolo Somma, and Fiorella Guadagni. "Pre-analytical operating procedures for serum Low Molecular Weight protein profiling." Journal of Proteomics 73, no. 3 (January 2010): 667–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2009.09.006.

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2

Jeske, Walter, Ahmad Ahsan, and Jawed Fareed. "Molecular weight profiling of low molecular weight heparins utilizing a heparinase degraded oligosaccharide mixture as a calibrator." Thrombosis Research 70, no. 1 (April 1993): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0049-3848(93)90222-a.

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3

Wölk, Michele, Theres Schröter, Ralf Hoffmann, and Sanja Milkovska-Stamenova. "Profiling of Low-Molecular-Weight Carbonyls and Protein Modifications in Flavored Milk." Antioxidants 9, no. 11 (November 23, 2020): 1169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9111169.

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Thermal treatments of dairy products favor oxidations, Maillard reactions, and the formation of sugar or lipid oxidation products. Additives including flavorings might enhance these reactions or even induce further reactions. Here we aimed to characterize protein modifications in four flavored milk drinks using samples along the production chain—raw milk, pasteurization, mixing with flavorings, heat treatment, and the commercial product. Therefore, milk samples were analyzed using a bottom up proteomics approach and a combination of data-independent (MSE) and data-dependent acquisition methods (DDA). Twenty-one small carbonylated lipids were identified by shotgun lipidomics triggering 13 protein modifications. Additionally, two Amadori products, 12 advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and 12 oxidation-related modifications were targeted at the protein level. The most common modifications were lactosylation, formylation, and carboxymethylation. The numbers and distribution of modification sites present in raw milk remained stable after pasteurization and mixing with flavorings, while the final heat treatment significantly increased lactosylation and hexosylation in qualitative and quantitative terms. The processing steps did not significantly affect the numbers of AGE-modified, oxidized/carbonylated, and lipid-carbonylated sites in proteins.

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4

Nylund, R., E. Lemola, S. Hartwig, S. Lehr, A. Acheva, J. Jahns, G. Hildebrandt, and C. Lindholm. "Profiling of low molecular weight proteins in plasma from locally irradiated individuals." Journal of Radiation Research 55, no. 4 (February 24, 2014): 674–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rru007.

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5

Zaia, Joseph, Kshitij Khatri, Joshua Klein, Chun Shao, Yuewei Sheng, and Rosa Viner. "Complete Molecular Weight Profiling of Low-Molecular Weight Heparins Using Size Exclusion Chromatography-Ion Suppressor-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry." Analytical Chemistry 88, no. 21 (October 17, 2016): 10654–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03081.

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6

Davis, Michael T., Paul Auger, Chris Spahr, and Scott D. Patterson. "Cancer biomarker discoveryvia low molecular weight serum proteome profiling – Where is the tumor?" PROTEOMICS – CLINICAL APPLICATIONS 1, no. 12 (December 2007): 1545–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prca.200700141.

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7

Lechner, Matthias, and Josef Rieder. "Mass Spectrometric Profiling of Low-Molecular-Weight Volatile Compounds - Diagnostic Potential and Latest Applications." Current Medicinal Chemistry 14, no. 9 (April 1, 2007): 987–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986707780362916.

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8

Beyerle, Andrea, Sabrina Höbel, Frank Czubayko, Holger Schulz, Thomas Kissel, Achim Aigner, and Tobias Stoeger. "In vitro cytotoxic and immunomodulatory profiling of low molecular weight polyethylenimines for pulmonary application." Toxicology in Vitro 23, no. 3 (April 2009): 500–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2009.01.001.

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9

Baghalabadi, Venus, and Alan A. Doucette. "Mass spectrometry profiling of low molecular weight proteins and peptides isolated by acetone precipitation." Analytica Chimica Acta 1138 (November 2020): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2020.08.057.

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10

Davis, Michael T., Paul L. Auger, and Scott D. Patterson. "Cancer Biomarker Discovery via Low Molecular Weight Serum Profiling—Are We Following Circular Paths?" Clinical Chemistry 56, no. 2 (February 1, 2010): 244–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2009.127951.

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11

Trifonova, O. P., P. G. Lokhov, and A. I. Archakov. "Metabolic profiling of human blood." Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya 60, no. 3 (2014): 281–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18097/pbmc20146003281.

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Metabolomics is a novel “omics” branch of science intended for studying a comprehensive set of low molecular weight substances (metabolites) of various biological objects. Metabolite profiles represent a molecular phenotype of biological systems and reflect information encoded at the genome level and realized at the transcriptome and proteome levels. Analysis of human blood metabolic profile is universal and promising tool for clinical applications because it is a sensitive measure of both endogenous and exogenous (environmental) factors affected on the patient's organism. Technical implementation of metabolic profiling of blood and statistic analysis of metabolite profiles for effective diagnostics and risk assessments of diseases are discussed in this review.

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12

Ueda, Koji, Ayako Tatsuguchi, Naomi Saichi, Atsuhiko Toyama, Kenji Tamura, Mutsuo Furihata, Ryo Takata, et al. "Plasma Low-Molecular-Weight Proteome Profiling Identified Neuropeptide-Y as a Prostate Cancer Biomarker Polypeptide." Journal of Proteome Research 12, no. 10 (September 11, 2013): 4497–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/pr400547s.

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13

Houiste, Céline, Cécile Auguste, Céline Macrez, Stéphanie Dereux, Angélique Derouet, and Pascal Anger. "Quantitative PCR and Disaccharide Profiling to Characterize the Animal Origin of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins." Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis 15, no. 1 (December 26, 2007): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1076029608320831.

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14

Vrede, Stephanie W., Jenneke Kasius, Johan Bulten, Steven Teerenstra, Jutta Huvila, Eva Colas, Antonio Gil-Moreno, et al. "Relevance of Molecular Profiling in Patients With Low-Grade Endometrial Cancer." JAMA Network Open 5, no. 12 (December 16, 2022): e2247372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.47372.

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ImportancePatients with low-grade (ie, grade 1-2) endometrial cancer (EC) are characterized by their favorable prognosis compared with patients with high-grade (ie, grade 3) EC. With the implementation of molecular profiling, the prognostic relevance of tumor grading might lose attention. As most patients present with low-grade EC and have an excellent outcome, the value of molecular profiling for these patients is unclear.ObjectiveTo determine the association of molecular profiling with outcomes among patients with low-grade EC.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study included a multicenter international European cohort of patients diagnosed with EC between 1994 and 2018, with a median follow-up of 5.9 years. Molecular subgroups were determined by next-generation sequencing using single-molecule molecular inversion probes and by immunohistochemistry. Subsequently, tumors were classified as polymerase epsilon (POLE)-altered, microsatellite instable (MSI), tumor protein p53 (TP53)-altered, or no specific molecular profile (NSMP). Patients diagnosed with any histological subtypes and FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stages of EC were included, but patients with early-stage EC (FIGO I-II) were only included if they had known lymph node status. Data were analyzed February 20 to June 16, 2022.ExposuresMolecular testing of the 4 molecular subgroups.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was disease-specific survival (DSS) within the molecular subgroups.ResultsA total of 393 patients with EC were included, with a median (range) age of 64.0 (31.0-86.0) years and median (range) body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) of 29.1 (18.0-58.3). Most patients presented with early-stage (290 patients [73.8%]) and low-grade (209 patients [53.2%]) disease. Of all patients, 33 (8.4%) had POLE-altered EC, 78 (19.8%) had MSI EC, 72 (18.3%) had TP53-altered EC, and 210 (53.4%) had NSMP EC. Across all molecular subgroups, patients with low-grade EC had superior 5-year DSS compared with those with high-grade EC, varying between 90% to 100% vs 41% to 90% (P &lt; .001). Multivariable analysis in the entire cohort including age, tumor grade, FIGO stage, lymphovascular space invasion, and the molecular subgroups as covariates found that only high-grade (hazard ratio [HR], 4.29; 95% CI, 2.15-8.53; P &lt; .001), TP53-altered (HR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.04-2.95; P = .03), and FIGO stage III or IV (HR, 4.26; 95% CI, 2.50-7.26; P &lt; .001) disease were independently associated with reduced DSS.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study found that patients with low-grade EC had an excellent prognosis independent of molecular subgroup. These findings do not support routine molecular profiling in patients with low-grade EC, and they demonstrate the importance of primary diagnostic tumor grading and selective profiling in low-grade EC to increase cost-effectiveness.

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Isvoran, Adriana, Alecu Aurel Ciorsac, and Vasile Ostafe. "ADME-Tox profiling of some water soluble chitosan derivatives." ADMET and DMPK 5, no. 3 (September 29, 2017): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.5599/admet.5.3.423.

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Within this study we use a few computational tools for predicting absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADME-Tox), pharmacokinetics profiles, toxic/adverse effects, carcinogenicity, cardiotoxicity and endocrine disruption of some of low molecular weight water soluble derivatives of chitosan that are used in wound healing. Investigated compounds do not possess drug-like properties, their pharmacokinetics profiles reveal poor gastrointestinal absorption and low skin penetration. Chitosan derivatives cannot pass the blood-brain barrier and they are not able to inhibit the enzymes of the cytochrome P450 that are involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics. They do not reflect carcinogenicity and cardiotoxicity and reveal only a low probability to be endocrine disruptors. The main side effects in humans of the investigated compounds are: weight loss, acidosis, gastrointestinal toxicity, respiratory failure. This information is especially important for professional exposure and accidental contamination with these compounds.

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16

Zafar, Ayesha, Maryum Jabbar, Yasmeen Manzoor, Huma Gulzar, Shahzad Gul Hassan, Muniba Anum Nazir, Ain-ul-Haq, et al. "Quantifying Serum Derived Differential Expressed and Low Molecular Weight Protein in Breast Cancer Patients." Protein & Peptide Letters 27, no. 7 (August 13, 2020): 658–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929866527666200110155609.

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Background: Searching the biomarker from complex heterogeneous material for early detection of disease is a challenging task in the field of biomedical sciences. Objective: The study has been arranged to explore the proteomics serum derived profiling of the differential expressed and low molecular weight protein in breast cancer patient. Methods: Quantitative proteome was analyzed using the Nano LC/Mass and Bioinformatics tool. Results: This quantification yields 239 total protein constituting 29% of differentially expressed protein, with 82% downregulated differential protein and 18% up-regulated differential protein. While 12% of total protein were found to be cancer inducing proteins. Gene Ontology (GO) described that the altered proteins with 0-60 kDa mass in nucleus, cytosol, ER, and mitochondria were abundant that chiefly controlled the RNA, DNA, ATP, Ca ion and receptor bindings. Conclusion: The study demonstrate that the organelle specific, low molecular weighted proteins are significantly important biomarker. That act as strong agents in the prognosis and diagnosis of breast cancer at early stage.

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17

Shevchenko, V. E., N. E. Arnotskaya, E. V. Ogorodnikova, M. M. Davidov, M. A. Ibraev, I. N. Turkin, and M. I. Davidov. "Search of potential gastric cancer biomarkers using low molecular weight blood plasma proteome profiling by mass spectrometry." Biomeditsinskaya Khimiya 60, no. 4 (2014): 503–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18097/pbmc20146004503.

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Gastric cancer, one of the most widespread malignant tumors, still lacks reliable serum/plasma biomarkers of its early detection. In this study we have developed, unified, and tested a new methodology for search of gastric cancer biomarkers based on profiling of low molecular weight proteome (LMWP) (1-17 kDa). This approach included three main components: sample pre-fractionation, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), data analysis by a bioinformatics software package. Applicability and perspectives of the developed approach for detection of potential gastric cancer markers during LMWP analysis have been demonstrated using 69 plasma samples from patients with gastric cancer (stages I-IV) and 238 control samples. The study revealed peptides/polypeptides, which may be potentially used for detection of this pathology.

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18

Shevchenko, V. E., N. E. Arnotskaya, E. V. Ogorodnikova, M. M. Davidov, M. A. Ibraev, I. N. Turkin, and M. I. Davidov. "Search of potential gastric cancer biomarkers using low molecular weight blood plasma proteome profiling by mass spectrometry." Biochemistry (Moscow) Supplement Series B: Biomedical Chemistry 7, no. 4 (October 2013): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1990750813040094.

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19

Xu, Xiaohui, Daoyuan Li, Lequan Chi, Xuzhao Du, Xue Bai, and Lianli Chi. "Fragment profiling of low molecular weight heparins using reversed phase ion pair liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry." Carbohydrate Research 407 (April 2015): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carres.2015.01.016.

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20

Hsieh, Sen-Yung, Ren-Kung Chen, Yi-Hsin Pan, and Hai-Lun Lee. "Systematical evaluation of the effects of sample collection procedures on low-molecular-weight serum/plasma proteome profiling." PROTEOMICS 6, no. 10 (May 2006): 3189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.200500535.

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21

Tierney, Michelle S., Anna Soler-Vila, Dilip K. Rai, Anna K. Croft, Nigel P. Brunton, and Thomas J. Smyth. "UPLC-MS profiling of low molecular weight phlorotannin polymers in Ascophyllum nodosum, Pelvetia canaliculata and Fucus spiralis." Metabolomics 10, no. 3 (September 15, 2013): 524–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11306-013-0584-z.

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22

Vassilev, Nikolay G., Svetlana D. Simova, Miroslav Dangalov, Lyudmila Velkova, Venceslav Atanasov, Aleksandar Dolashki, and Pavlinka Dolashka. "An 1H NMR- and MS-Based Study of Metabolites Profiling of Garden Snail Helix aspersa Mucus." Metabolites 10, no. 9 (September 2, 2020): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo10090360.

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Metabolic profiling based on 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was applied with the aim to investigate the functional role of the metabolites in lyophilized mucus from the garden snail Helix aspersa. Twenty metabolites were unambiguously identified by 1H, 1D TOCSY, 2D J-resolved, 2D COSY, and 2D HSQC NMR spectra with water suppression. The metabolic profiles of two fractions with low molecular weight (Mw < 1 kDa and Mw < 3 kDa) are very similar. Metabolites with known antioxidant, antibacterial, and antimicrobial activity were detected by NMR metabolic analysis of mucus samples from Helix aspersa. Some of them were confirmed by mass spectrometric analysis. The primary structure of several peptides was identified in low molecular weight fractions (Mw < 1 kDa) by tandem mass spectrometry.

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23

Son, Hyosuk, Young Jun Jung, Seong-Cheol Park, Il Ryong Kim, Joung Hun Park, Mi-Kyeong Jang, and Jung Ro Lee. "Functional Characterization of an Arabidopsis Profilin Protein as a Molecular Chaperone under Heat Shock Stress." Molecules 27, no. 18 (September 6, 2022): 5771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27185771.

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Profilins (PFNs) are actin monomer-binding proteins that function as antimicrobial agents in plant phloem sap. Although the roles of Arabidopsis thaliana profilin protein isoforms (AtPFNs) in regulating actin polymerization have already been described, their biochemical and molecular functions remain to be elucidated. Interestingly, a previous study indicated that AtPFN2 with high molecular weight (HMW) complexes showed lower antifungal activity than AtPFN1 with low molecular weight (LMW). These were bacterially expressed and purified to characterize the unknown functions of AtPFNs with different structures. In this study, we found that AtPFN1 and AtPFN2 proteins have LMW and HMW structures, respectively, but only AtPFN2 has a potential function as a molecular chaperone, which has never been reported elsewhere. AtPFN2 has better protein stability than AtPFN1 due to its higher molecular weight under heat shock conditions. The function of AtPFN2 as a holdase chaperone predominated in the HMW complexes, whereas the chaperone function of AtPFN1 was not observed in the LMW forms. These results suggest that AtPFN2 plays a critical role in plant tolerance by increasing hydrophobicity due to external heat stress.

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Nõmm, Monika, Rando Porosk, Pille Pärn, Kalle Kilk, Ursel Soomets, Sulev Kõks, and Ülle Jaakma. "In vitro culture and non-invasive metabolic profiling of single bovine embryos." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 31, no. 2 (2019): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd17446.

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Selecting high-quality embryos for transfer has been a difficult task when producing bovine embryos invitro. The most used non-invasive method is based on visual observation. Molecular characterisation of embryo growth media has been proposed as a complementary method. In this study we demonstrate a culture medium sampling method for identifying potential embryonic viability markers to predict normal or abnormal embryonic development. During single embryo culture, 20µL culture media was removed at Days 2, 5 and 8 after fertilisation from the same droplet (60µL). In all, 58 samples were analysed using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. We demonstrate that it is possible to remove samples from the same culture medium droplets and not significantly affect blastocyst rate (25.2%). Changes in any single low molecular weight compound were not predictive enough. Combining multiple low molecular weight signals made it possible to predict Day 2 and 5 embryo development to the blastocyst stage with an accuracy of 64%. Elevated concentrations of lysophosphatidylethanolamines (m/z=453, 566, 588) in the culture media of Day 8 well-developing embryos were observed. Choline (104m/z) and citrate (215m/z) concentrations were increased in embryos in which development was retarded. Metabolic profiling provides possibilities to identify well-developing embryos before transfer, thus improving pregnancy rates and the number of calves born.

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Ben Hadj Mabrouk, Amal, Christophe Licitra, Antoine Chateauminois, and Marc Veillerot. "Effect of the molecular weight on the depth profiling of PMMA thin films using low‐energy Cs + sputtering." Surface and Interface Analysis 53, no. 10 (July 21, 2021): 884–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.6991.

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26

Zheng, Zhi-Guo, Hai-Qiang Yu, Zhi-Qiang Ling, Han-Zhou Mou, Hai-Teng Deng, and Wei-Min Mao. "Comprehensive Profiling of the Low Molecular Weight Proteins and Peptides in Weak Cation Exchange Beads Human Serum Retentate." Protein & Peptide Letters 18, no. 5 (May 1, 2011): 498–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986611794927983.

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27

Yang, Chin-Rang, Pumipat Tongyoo, Milad Emamian, Pablo C. Sandoval, Viswanathan Raghuram, and Mark A. Knepper. "Deep proteomic profiling of vasopressin-sensitive collecting duct cells. I. Virtual Western blots and molecular weight distributions." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 309, no. 12 (December 15, 2015): C785—C798. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00213.2015.

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The mouse mpkCCD cell line is a continuous cultured epithelial cell line with characteristics of renal collecting duct principal cells. This line is widely used to study epithelial transport and its regulation. To provide a data resource useful for experimental design and interpretation in studies using mpkCCD cells, we have carried out “deep” proteomic profiling of these cells using three levels of fractionation (differential centrifugation, SDS-PAGE, and HPLC) followed by tandem mass spectrometry to identify and quantify proteins. The analysis of all resulting samples generated 34.6 gigabytes of spectral data. As a result, we identified 6,766 proteins in mpkCCD cells at a high level of stringency. These proteins are expressed over eight orders of magnitude of protein abundance. The data are provided to users as a public data base ( https://helixweb.nih.gov/ESBL/Database/mpkFractions/ ). The mass spectrometry data were mapped back to their gel slices to generate “virtual Western blots” for each protein. For most of the 6,766 proteins, the apparent molecular weight from SDS-PAGE agreed closely with the calculated molecular weight. However, a substantial fraction (>15%) of proteins was found to run aberrantly, with much higher or much lower mobilities than predicted. These proteins were analyzed to identify mechanisms responsible for altered mobility on SDS-PAGE, including high or low isoelectric point, high or low hydrophobicity, physiological cleavage, residence in the lysosome, posttranslational modifications, and expression of alternative isoforms due to alternative exon usage. Additionally, this analysis identified a previously unrecognized isoform of aquaporin-2 with apparent molecular mass <20 kDa.

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Hu, Liang, Lianqiang Che, Chen Wu, Mihai Victor Curtasu, Fali Wu, Zhengfeng Fang, Yan Lin, et al. "Metabolomic Profiling Reveals the Difference on Reproductive Performance between High and Low Lactational Weight Loss Sows." Metabolites 9, no. 12 (December 4, 2019): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo9120295.

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Sows suffering excess weight loss during lactation may delay weaning to estrus interval (WEI) and have a detrimental effect on subsequent reproductive performance, however, the underlying mechanism is not completely clear. Therefore, the goal of this study was to investigate physiological profiles manifested in plasma originating from high (HWL) and low lactational weight loss (LWL) sows. The plasma biochemical parameters, hormones, antioxidant parameters, and milk compositions were assessed. Furthermore, plasma metabolites were analyzed using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry in positive and negative ion modes. Results showed that HWL sows had a lower feed intake and higher lactational weight loss and prolonged WEI, but had similar litter performance and milk composition compared to LWL sows. These changes were associated with lower plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 and higher fibroblast growth factor 21 levels in the HWL sows. Moreover, HWL led to a severe oxidative stress and metabolic damage, as accompanied by excessive protein breakdown and lipids mobilization at weaning. Metabolomic analysis revealed differences in 46 compounds between HWL and LWL sows, and the identified compounds were enriched in metabolic pathways related to amino acids metabolism, fatty acids oxidation metabolism, bile acids biosynthesis, and nucleoside metabolism. These results provide the evidence for physiological mechanism in sows with excessive lactational weight loss that delayed the WEI. Metabolomic data provides essential information and gives rise to potential targets for the development of nutritional intervention strategies.

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Potthast, Antje, Mirjana Kostic, Sonja Schiehser, Paul Kosma, and Thomas Rosenau. "Studies on oxidative modifications of cellulose in the periodate system: Molecular weight distribution and carbonyl group profiles." Holzforschung 61, no. 6 (November 1, 2007): 662–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2007.099.

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Abstract The effects of periodate oxidation on cellulose were studied by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using multiple detection and carbonyl-selective fluorescence labeling according to the CCOA methodology profiling of carbonyl groups. At low degrees of oxidation, the molecular weight distribution was fully maintained. Upon more pronounced oxidation the molecular weight even increased due to cross-linking effects. More condensed structures were identified by means of light scattering. Periodate oxidation also affects crystalline regions of cellulose, as demonstrated by comparison of homogeneous and heterogeneous carbonyl labeling. Highly ordered regions in cellulose were affected by oxidation even below an oxidation degree of 2%. Two different phases for the oxidation kinetics were identified in the early stages of periodate treatments.

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Mukiibi, Robert, Michael Vinsky, Kate Keogh, Carolyn Fitzsimmons, Paul Stothard, Sinéad M. Waters, and Changxi Li. "Liver transcriptome profiling of beef steers with divergent growth rate, feed intake, or metabolic body weight phenotypes1." Journal of Animal Science 97, no. 11 (October 4, 2019): 4386–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz315.

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Abstract Average daily gain (ADG) and daily dry matter intake (DMI) are key determinants of beef industry profitability. These traits together with metabolic body weight (MWT) are combined as component traits to calculate residual feed intake (RFI), a common measure of feed efficiency in beef cattle. Recently, there have been significant efforts towards molecular genetic characterization of RFI through transcriptomic studies in different breeds and tissues. However, molecular mechanisms of RFI component traits still remain predominately unexplored. Therefore, in the current study, we investigated the hepatic transcriptomic profiles and their associations with ADG, DMI, and MWT in Angus, Charolais, and Kinsella Composite (KC) populations through global RNAseq analyses. In each population and for each trait, 12 steers with extreme phenotypes (n = 6 low and n = 6 high) were analyzed for differential gene expression. These animals were from 20 beef steers of each Angus, Charolais, and KC breed population that were initially selected for a transcriptome study of RFI. At a false discovery rate <0.05 and fold change >1.5, we identified 123, 102, and 78 differentially expressed (DE) genes between high- and low-ADG animals of Angus, Charolais, and KC populations, respectively. For DMI, 108, 180, and 156 DE genes were identified between high- and low-DMI from Angus, Charolais, and KC populations, respectively, while for MWT, 80, 82, and 84 genes were differentially expressed between high- and low-MWT animals in Angus, Charolais, and KC populations, respectively. The identified DE genes were largely breed specific (81.7% for ADG, 82.7% for DMI, and 83% for MWT), but were largely involved in the same biological functions across the breeds. Among the most enriched biological functions included metabolism of major nutrients (lipids, carbohydrates, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals), small molecule biochemistry, cellular movement, cell morphology, and cell-to-cell signaling and interaction. Notably, we identified multiple DE genes that are involved in cholesterol biosynthesis, and immune response pathways for the 3 studied traits. Thus, our findings present potential molecular genetic mechanisms and candidate genes that influence feed intake, growth, and MWT of beef cattle.

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Hsu, Pang-Hung, Yi-Hsuan Chen, Pin-I. Huang, and Pai-An Hwang. "Skin proteomic profiling of irradiation-induced fibrosis and its modulation by low molecular weight fucoidan via tight junction pathway." Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 153 (September 2022): 113417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113417.

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32

De Petris, Luigi, Maria Pernemalm, Eva Brandèn, Hirsh Koyi, Jenny Forshed, Birgitta Sundelin, Rolf Lewensohn, and Janne Lehtiö. "B7-06: Mass Spectrometry Profiling of Low Molecular Weight Platelet Proteome for the Detection of Lung Cancer Specific Biomarkers." Journal of Thoracic Oncology 2, no. 8 (August 2007): S356—S357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.jto.0000283186.16673.aa.

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33

Stolzenburg, Svenja, Michael B. Lauridsen, Henrik Toft, Pierre A. Zalloua, and Dorrit Baunsgaard. "Improved quality of 1H NMR spectroscopic data for enhanced metabolic profiling of low molecular weight metabolites in human serum." Metabolomics 7, no. 2 (October 24, 2010): 270–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11306-010-0248-1.

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34

Fujiwara, Tohru, Takashi Ikeda, Yuki Nagasaka, Yoko Okitsu, Noriko Fukuhara, Yasushi Onishi, Kenichi Ishizawa, Ryo Ichinohasama, Naohisa Tomosugi, and Hideo Harigae. "A Low-Molecular-Weight Compound K7174 Represses Hepcidin: Possible Therapeutic Strategy Against Anemia Of Chronic Disease." Blood 122, no. 21 (November 15, 2013): 3436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.3436.3436.

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Abstract Background Hepcidin (HAMP) is the principal iron regulatory hormone, controlling the systemic absorption and remobilization of iron from intracellular stores. The expression of HAMP increased in patients with anemia of chronic disease. Previously, a synthesized compound K7174 (Kowa Company Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) was identified through chemical screening as a novel inhibitor for the adhision of monocytes to cytokine-stimulated endothelial cells (Umetani et al. BBRC 2000). Interstingly, K7174 restored anemia induced by inflammatory cytokines in mice (Imagawa et al. FASEB J 2003), implying that K7174 might modulate hepcidin level. In the present study, we assessed the impact of K7174 on hepcidin expression based on human hematoma cell line and in vivo mice. Method The HepG2 hematoma cells as well as K562 erythroid cells were used for the analyses. The cells were treated with K7174 at doses of 10 and 20 uM for 24 h. For transcription profiling, Human Oligo chip 25K (Toray) were used for K7174-treated HepG2 cells. Western blotting and quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyses were performed with antibodies to GDF15 (abcam), C/EBPbeta (CEBPB) (C-19) (Santa Cruz), Smad1 and Phospho-Smad1-5-8 (CST). For GDF15 knockdown in HepG2 cells, anti-GDF15 siRNA (Thermo Scientific Dharmacon) and Lipofectamine RNAiMAX (Invitrogen) were used. GDF15 promoter assay was conducted with Dual Luciferase Reporter Assay system (Promega). Human GDF15 concentration in the K7174-treated media was evaluated with ELISA (R&D systems). For in vivo analysis, ICR mice were injected intraperitoneally with PBS (control) or 30 mg/kg K-7174, respectively, days 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8, and the samples were taken on day 9. Serum hepcidin1 concentration was determined with LC-MS/MS method (MCProt Biotechnology, Kanazawa, Japan). Results We first demonstrated that K7174 treatment (20 uM) in HepG2 cells significantly decreased HAMP expression (> 2-fold). Thus, we next conducted microarray analysis to reveal the molecular mechanism by which K7174 inhibits the HAMP expression. Transcriptional profiling confirmed the downregulation of HAMP. Interestingly, K7174 strongly induced GDF15 (10-fold), a negative regulator of HAMP expression (Tanno et al. Nat Med 2007). Quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting as well as ELISA analyses confirmed the induction of GDF15 by K7174 treatment. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated GDF15 knockdown during K7174 treatment significantly re-activated HAMP expression, suggesting that the increase of GDF15 induced by K7174 was responsible for the HAMP downregulation. Noticeably, we also found that K7174 upregulates CEBPB (2.9-fold). Promoter assay and quantitative ChIP analysis demonstrated that K7174-mediated upregulation of CEBPB contributes to the transcriptional activation of GDF15. On the other hand, the microarray analysis and quantitative RT-PCR-based validation identified the significant K7174-mediated downregulation of BMP4 (2.6-fold), a positive regulator of HAMP expression (Babitt et al. Nat Genet 2006). However, the level of SMAD1-5-8 phosphorylation in K7174-treated cells remained unchanged, implying that BMP-SMAD signaling might not be essential in K7174-mediated HAMP suppression. Next, we assessed if K7174 inhibits hepcidin expression in mice. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis with liver sample from K7174-treated mice demonstrated significant upregulation of Gdf15 and downregulation of Hamp (n = 8, p< 0.05). Furthermore, serum hepcidin concentration was also significantly decreased in K7174-treated mice (Average: 138.1 and 110.4 ng/mL for K7174-treated and control mice, respectively. n = 8, p< 0.05). Beyond the regulation of Gdf15 in hepatocytes, erythroid cells have also been suggested to be one of the main sources of GDF15. Thus, we treated K7174 with K562 erythroid cells, and confirmed significant increase of GDF15, suggesting that systemic administration of K7174 may act on hepatocytes as well as erythroid cells to stimulate GDF15 production. Conclusion Our in vitro and in vivo analyses suggested that K7174 suppresses HAMP expression through modulating GDF15 expression. K7174 may be considered as a potential therapeutic option to treat anemia of chronic disease. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Li, Zhenxiao, Liu Liu, Shixiang Zong, and Jing Tao. "Molecular Characterization and Expression Profiling of Chemosensory Proteins in Male Eogystia hippophaecolus (Lepidoptera: Cossidae)." Journal of Entomological Science 56, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 217–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-56.2.217.

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Abstract Eogystia hippophaecolus Hua, Chou, Fang et Chen (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) is a notorious carpenterworm pest of sea buckthorn, Hippophae rhamnoides L. (Elaeagnaceae). Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) are thought to be responsible for initial biochemical recognition during olfactory perception by the insect. We examined the structure, function, and expression profiles of these proteins in four structures (e.g., antennae, labipalp, legs, and external genitalia) of male adults. Molecular weight, isoelectric point, hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of proteins, and signal peptide prediction of 18 E. hippophaecolus CSPs (EhipCSPs) were investigated via software. Expression profiles in the four male structures were analyzed by fluorescence quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Bioinformatics analysis showed that most EhipCSPs are low-molecular-weight proteins with hydrophobic regions and a high proportion of alpha-helices, consistent with the general characteristics of insect CSPs. Eight EhipCSPs (EhipCSP2, EhipCSP5, EhipCSP7, and EhipCSP13–17) were predominantly expressed in the labipalp (P < 0.01), and three (EhipCSP6, EhipCSP8, and EhipCSP9) were predominantly expressed in legs (P < 0.01). We speculate that these proteins may be related to contact sensations, host recognition, and other functions. Two EhipCSPs (EhipCSP4 and EhipCSP11) were highly expressed in the external genitalia (P < 0.01), suggesting that they may be involved in spousal positioning or mating activities. Most EhipCSPs were differentially expressed in the four structures, with wide overall expression, indicating an important role in olfactory recognition in multiple tissues. Our findings establish the foundation for further investigation of EhipCSPs and potential development of nonpesticide control measures.

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Ouyang, Yilan, Yangyang Zeng, Yinxiu Rong, Yue Song, Lv Shi, Bo Chen, Xinlei Yang, Naiyu Xu, Robert J. Linhardt, and Zhenqing Zhang. "Profiling Analysis of Low Molecular Weight Heparins by Multiple Heart-Cutting Two Dimensional Chromatography with Quadruple Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry." Analytical Chemistry 87, no. 17 (August 10, 2015): 8957–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02218.

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Koc, Anna, Ana Cañuelo, Juan F. Garcia-Reyes, Antonio Molina-Diaz, and Marek Trojanowicz. "Low-molecular weight protein profiling of genetically modified maize using fast liquid chromatography electrospray ionization and time-of-flight mass spectrometry." Journal of Separation Science 35, no. 12 (June 2012): 1447–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201200109.

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Yusoff, Yusnaini M., Grainne Abbott, Louise Young, and RuAngelie Edrada-Ebel. "Metabolomic Profiling of Malaysian and New Zealand Honey Using Concatenated NMR and HRMS Datasets." Metabolites 12, no. 1 (January 17, 2022): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo12010085.

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This study aims to compare the metabolomic profiles of Malaysian and New Zealand honey while determining their anti-oncogenic activity for potential prophylactic functions. Metabolomics tools including multivariate analysis were applied on concatenated LC-HRMS and NMR datasets to afford an intensive chemical profile of honey samples and have a snapshot of the bioactive metabolites in the respective collections. Malaysian samples were found to have higher sugar and polyphenolic content, while New Zealand samples afforded higher concentration of low molecular weight (MW) lipids. However, New Zealand honey collected from the northern islands had higher concentration of acetylated saccharides, while those from the southern islands yielded higher low MW phenolic metabolites that were comparable to Malaysian honey. Mild anti-oncogenic compounds against breast cancer cell line ZR75 were putatively identified in Malaysian honey that included earlier described antioxidants such as gingerdiol, 2-hexylphenol-O-β-D-xylopyranoside, plastoquinone, tropine isovalerate, plumerinine, and 3,5-(12-phenyl-8-dodecenyl)resorcinol, along with several phenolic esters and lignans.

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Bordbar, Sara, Shyan Yea Chay, Afshin Ebrahimpour, Mohammad Zarei, and Nazamid Saari. "Profiling of antioxidative proteolysate enzymatically hydrolysed from stone fish (Actinopyga lecanora)." International Food Research Journal 28, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 848–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/ifrj.28.4.21.

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Marine livings represent one of the richest sources of protein with valuable bioactives. The present work explores the antioxidative potential of stone fish, a sea cucumber species typically discarded as by-catch. Stone fish was enzymatically hydrolysed using papain, and the resulting proteolysate exhibited strong antioxidant activity in DPPH• radical scavenging (IC50 = 0.49 mg/mL), ABTS• (IC50 = 0.36 mg/mL) radical scavenging, and FRAP value (0.29 mM FeSO4) after 8 h of hydrolysis. Fractionation of proteolysate was then performed using three approaches namely ultrafiltration, reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography, and isoelectric focusing techniques to profile and characterise the antioxidative proteolysate. Results indicated that papain-generated proteolysate from stone fish flesh possessed considerable amount of antioxidative peptides with molecular weight of approximately 2 kDa, low hydrophobicity (< 20%), and pI = 9.

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Li, Ruijuan, Xiaolin Su, Zheng Chen, Wanxu Huang, Yali Wang, Kaibo Wang, Bin Lin, Jian Wang, and Maosheng Cheng. "Structure-based virtual screening and ADME/T-based profiling for low molecular weight chemical starting points as p21-activated kinase 4 inhibitors." RSC Advances 5, no. 30 (2015): 23202–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra16963h.

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Banks, Rosamonde E., Anthea J. Stanley, David A. Cairns, Jennifer H. Barrett, Paul Clarke, Douglas Thompson, and Peter J. Selby. "Influences of Blood Sample Processing on Low–Molecular-Weight Proteome Identified by Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry." Clinical Chemistry 51, no. 9 (September 1, 2005): 1637–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2005.051417.

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Abstract Background: Profiling approaches in proteomics, such as surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI) mass spectrometry, are used in disease marker discovery. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential influence of selected preanalytical factors on the results obtained. Methods: Plasma samples anticoagulated with EDTA, citrate, or heparin, and serum samples from healthy volunteers were profiled by SELDI on CM10, immobilized metal affinity capture (IMAC) array with copper, and H50 chip surfaces. Using linear mixed-effects models, we examined the influence of elapsed time between venipuncture and sample separation (immediate to 24 h) and the type of serum tube used (Greiner Vacuette activator, gel serum separator, or plain tubes). We analyzed purified platelets, as well as platelet-poor and platelet-rich plasma samples treated with calcium and/or thrombin to determine the platelet contribution, directly or via the clotting process, to the profiles generated. We then used cluster analysis to identify samples with similar peak profiles. Results: Different plasma types and sera could be distinguished on the basis of cluster analyses of their spectral profiles. Elapsed time between venipuncture and separation of plasma and serum from blood samples altered the profiles obtained, particularly for serum samples and particularly on IMAC chips. The type of serum collection tube also affected the profiles because of differences in clotting time. In vitro manipulation of platelets revealed that specific peaks in IMAC profiles of serum appeared to be derived directly from platelets. Several other peaks, including some of those exhibiting time-dependent changes, arose during the clotting process. Conclusion: Preanalytical variables, such as sample handling, can markedly influence results.

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Alili, Rohia, Eugeni Belda, Odile Fabre, Véronique Pelloux, Nils Giordano, Rémy Legrand, Pierre Bel Lassen, Timothy D. Swartz, Jean-Daniel Zucker, and Karine Clément. "Characterization of the Gut Microbiota in Individuals with Overweight or Obesity during a Real-World Weight Loss Dietary Program: A Focus on the Bacteroides 2 Enterotype." Biomedicines 10, no. 1 (December 22, 2021): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10010016.

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Background: Dietary intervention is a cornerstone of weight loss therapies. In obesity, a dysbiotic gut microbiota (GM) is characterized by high levels of Bacteroides lineages and low diversity. We examined the GM composition changes, including the Bacteroides 2 enterotype (Bact2), in a real-world weight loss study in subjects following a high-protein hypocaloric diet with or without a live microorganisms (LMP) supplement. Method: 263 volunteers were part of this real-world weight loss program. The first phase was a high-protein low-carbohydrate calorie restriction diet with or without LMP supplements. Fecal samples were obtained at baseline and after 10% weight loss for 163 subjects. Metagenomic profiling was obtained by shotgun sequencing. Results: At baseline, the Bact2 enterotype was more prevalent in subjects with aggravated obesity and metabolic alterations. After weight loss, diversity increased and Bact2 prevalence decreased in subjects with lower GM diversity at baseline, notably in LMP consumers. Significant increases in Akkermansia muciniphila and Parabacteroides distasonis and significant decreases of Eubacterium rectale, Streptococcus thermophilus and Bifidobacterial lineages were observed after weight loss. Conclusions: Baseline microbiome composition is associated with differential changes in GM diversity and Bact2 enterotype prevalence after weight loss. Examining these signatures could drive future personalized nutrition efforts towards more favorable microbiome compositions.

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Zhou, Jianbiao, Zhinan Xia, Aihong Li, and John G. Gribben. "Mapping Low Molecular Weight Plasma Proteome of Chronic Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients Using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 1910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.1910.1910.

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Abstract In the post-genomic era, even with advances in analytical separation methods, analysis of human serum or plasma remains complex. However differential serum protein and peptide profiles have already been identified in cancer, infectious disease, cardiovascular disease, AIDS and diabetes. Profiling all peptides in plasma is hindered by the abundant albumin, macroglobulin, which may account for more than 80% of total protein. It is estimated that there is at least 7–8 orders of magnitude difference between most abundant plasma peptides and lower abundant ones, although biomarkers are often among the low abundance proteins. Contamination of electrolytes and lipids further complicate analysis of plasma proteome by mass spectrometer because these contaminants inhibit the ionization of native peptide. Here we used a pre-fractionation and ultrafilitration column (molecular weight cutoff 30 KD) strategy to treat plasma samples, and then used matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time of-flight (MALDI-TOF) to map low molecular weight peptides of CLL patients and healthy donors. Plasma was collected from 34 untreated patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and 19 healthy donors. 25mM NH4HCO3, pH 8.2, 20% (v/v) acetonitrile was added to 5 mL of plasma, after vortexing to denature proteins. The mixture was applied onto an Amicon ultra-15 centrifugal filter unit (MWCO 30 KD), and centrifuged. The flow-through was then transferred to a centrifugal concentrator (MWCO 3 KD) until 90% of the volume had gone through the membrane and the volume further reduced. An aliquot was desalted, purified and then spotted on 96-well gold MALDI plates with sinapic acid matrix. Measurements were performed in linear mode with an Applied Biosystems Voyager System with acquisition mass range 3–10 KD. The next-well external calibration was used to calibrate each sample plate and sample preparation. SDS-PAGE analysis demonstrated significant depletion of large, abundant proteins, and enrichment of low molecular peptides in ultrafiltrate. Among the peptides identified in all 34 CLL patients that was absent in 19 healthy donor plasma was a m/z 4340.7 Da peptide. Sequence analysis of this peptide was performed by microcapillary reverse-phase HPLC nano-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (μLC/MS/MS) and revealed that this peptide sequence is DEPPQSPWDRVKDLATVYVDVLKDSGRDYVSQFEGSALG derived from apolipoprotein A-I (amino acid 25–63 ). We performed ELISA to quantify apolipoprotein A-I in plasma. The mean value plasma apolipoprotein A-I of the 34 CLL patients was 20 mg/dL (range 6.6 to 51.7) compared to 10.4 mg/dL (range 2.2 to 16.9) in the 19 healthy donors (p-value < 0.002). Higher levels of apolipoprotein A-I did not appear to be associated with prognostic significance in the CLL patients in terms of predicting time from diagnosis to requirement for treatment. However, this study demonstrates the feasibility of mapping low molecular weight of plasma proteome by MALDI-TOF to discover novel biomarkers of disease. The identification and characterization of such disease-specific peptides and proteins in CLL patient plasma will help in diagnosis and understanding of CLL biology.

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Del Villar, María, Raúl Rivas, Alvaro Peix, Pedro F. Mateos, Eustoquio Martínez-Molina, Peter Van Berkum, Anne Willems, and Encarna Velázquez. "Stable low molecular weight RNA profiling showed variations within Sinorhizobium meliloti and Sinorhizobium medicae nodulating different legumes from the alfalfa cross-inoculation group." FEMS Microbiology Letters 282, no. 2 (April 9, 2008): 273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01139.x.

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Gutierrez-Villagomez, Juan Manuel, Juan Vázquez-Martínez, Enrique Ramírez-Chávez, Jorge Molina-Torres, and Vance L. Trudeau. "Profiling low molecular weight organic compounds from naphthenic acids, acid extractable organic mixtures, and oil sands process-affected water by SPME-GC-EIMS." Journal of Hazardous Materials 390 (May 2020): 122186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122186.

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Scebba, Francesca, Danika Tognotti, Gianluca Presciuttini, Edi Gabellieri, Patrizia Cioni, Debora Angeloni, Barbara Basso, and Elisabetta Morelli. "A SELDI-TOF approach to ecotoxicology: comparative profiling of low molecular weight proteins from a marine diatom exposed to CdSe/ZnS quantum dots." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 123 (January 2016): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.08.024.

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Penno, Megan A. S., Matthias Ernst, and Peter Hoffmann. "Optimal preparation methods for automated matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry profiling of low molecular weight proteins and peptides." Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 23, no. 17 (September 15, 2009): 2656–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.4167.

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Jappe, Uta, Arabella Karstedt, Daniela Warneke, Saskia Hellmig, Marisa Böttger, Friedrich W. Riffelmann, Regina Treudler, et al. "Identification and Purification of Novel Low-Molecular-Weight Lupine Allergens as Components for Personalized Diagnostics." Nutrients 13, no. 2 (January 28, 2021): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020409.

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Lupine flour is a valuable food due to its favorable nutritional properties. In spite of its allergenic potential, its use is increasing. Three lupine species, Lupinus angustifolius, L. luteus, and L. albus are relevant for human nutrition. The aim of this study is to clarify whether the species differ with regard to their allergen composition and whether anaphylaxis marker allergens could be identified in lupine. Patients with the following characteristics were included: lupine allergy, suspected lupine allergy, lupine sensitization only, and peanut allergy. Lupine sensitization was detected via CAP-FEIA (ImmunoCAP) and skin prick test. Protein, DNA and expressed sequence tag (EST) databases were queried for lupine proteins homologous to already known legume allergens. Different extraction methods applied on seeds from all species were examined by SDS-PAGE and screened by immunoblotting for IgE-binding proteins. The extracts underwent different and successive chromatography methods. Low-molecular-weight components were purified and investigated for IgE-reactivity. Proteomics revealed a molecular diversity of the three species, which was confirmed when investigated for IgE-reactivity. Three new allergens, L. albus profilin, L. angustifolius and L. luteus lipid transfer protein (LTP), were identified. LTP as a potential marker allergen for severity is a valuable additional candidate for molecular allergy diagnostic tests.

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Denihan, Niamh M., Geraldine B. Boylan, and Deirdre M. Murray. "Metabolomic Profiling in Perinatal Asphyxia: A Promising New Field." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/254076.

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Metabolomics, the latest “omic” technology, is defined as the comprehensive study of all low molecular weight biochemicals, “metabolites” present in an organism. As a systems biology approach, metabolomics has huge potential to progress our understanding of perinatal asphyxia and neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy, by uniquely detecting rapid biochemical pathway alterations in response to the hypoxic environment. The study of metabolomic biomarkers in the immediate neonatal period is not a trivial task and requires a number of specific considerations, unique to this disease and population. Recruiting a clearly defined cohort requires standardised multicentre recruitment with broad inclusion criteria and the participation of a range of multidisciplinary staff. Minimally invasive biospecimen collection is a priority for biomarker discovery. Umbilical cord blood presents an ideal medium as large volumes can be easily extracted and stored and the sample is not confounded by postnatal disease progression. Pristine biobanking and phenotyping are essential to ensure the validity of metabolomic findings. This paper provides an overview of the current state of the art in the field of metabolomics in perinatal asphyxia and neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy. We detail the considerations required to ensure high quality sampling and analysis, to support scientific progression in this important field.

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Pietrowska, Monika, and Piotr Widłak. "MALDI-MS-Based Profiling of Serum Proteome: Detection of Changes Related to Progression of Cancer and Response to Anticancer Treatment." International Journal of Proteomics 2012 (July 30, 2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/926427.

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Mass spectrometry-based analyses of the low-molecular-weight fraction of serum proteome allow identifying proteome profiles (signatures) that are potentially useful in detection and classification of cancer. Several published studies have shown that multipeptide signatures selected in numerical tests have potential values for diagnostics of different types of cancer. However due to apparent problems with standardization of methodological details, both experimental and computational, none of the proposed peptide signatures analyzed directly by MALDI/SELDI-ToF spectrometry has been approved for routine diagnostics. Noteworthy, several components of proposed cancer signatures, especially those characteristic for advanced cancer, were identified as fragments of blood proteins involved in the acute phase and inflammatory response. This indicated that among cancer biomarker candidates to be possibly identified by serum proteome profiling were rather those reflecting overall influence of a disease (and the therapy) upon the human organism, than products of cancer-specific genes. Current paper focuses on changes in serum proteome that are related to response of patient’s organism to progressing malignancy and toxicity of anticancer treatment. In addition, several methodological issues that affect robustness and interlaboratory reproducibility of MS-based serum proteome profiling are discussed.

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