Journal articles: 'Low-cost technologies for manufacturing turbogenerators'

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Chason, Marc, Daniel R. Gamota, Paul W. Brazis, Krishna Kalyanasundaram, Jie Zhang, Keryn K. Lian, and Robert Croswell. "Toward Manufacturing Low-Cost, Large-Area Electronics." MRS Bulletin 31, no. 6 (June 2006): 471–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2006.121.

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AbstractDevelopments originally targeted toward economical manufacturing of telecommunications products have planted the seeds for new opportunities such as low-cost, large-area electronics based on printing technologies. Organic-based materials systems for printed wiring board (PWB) construction have opened up unique opportunities for materials research in the fabrication of modular electronic systems.The realization of successful consumer products has been driven by materials developments that expand PWB functionality through embedded passive components, novel MEMS structures (e.g., meso-MEMS, in which the PWB-based structures are at the milliscale instead of the microscale), and microfluidics within the PWB. Furthermore, materials research is opening up a new world of printed electronics technology, where active devices are being realized through the convergence of printing technologies and microelectronics.

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Navarro, Miguel, Amer Matar, Seyid Fehmi Diltemiz, and Mohsen Eshraghi. "Development of a Low-Cost Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing System." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 6, no. 1 (December 24, 2021): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6010003.

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Due to their unique advantages over traditional manufacturing processes, metal additive manufacturing (AM) technologies have received a great deal of attention over the last few years. Using current powder-bed fusion AM technologies, metal components are very expensive to manufacture, and machines are complex to build and maintain. Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is a new method of producing metallic components with high efficiency at an affordable cost, which combines welding and 3D printing. In this work, gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) is incorporated into a gantry system to create a new metal additive manufacturing platform. Design and build of a simple, affordable, and effective WAAM system is explained and the most frequently seen problems are discussed with their suggested solutions. Effect of process parameters on the quality of two additively manufactured alloys including plain carbon steel and Inconel 718 were studied. System design and troubleshooting for the wire arc AM system is presented and discussed.

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Wen, Shengmin. "Organic Substrate Technologies for Fingerprint Sensors." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2019, DPC (January 1, 2019): 001082–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2380-4491-2019-dpc-presentation_wp3_035.

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Fingerprint sensor had a long history. With the mobile electronics security application being ushered in several years back, miniature and low-cost capacitive fingerprint sensors enjoyed an explosion growth. One technology to make such a low-cost, highly sensitive, high environment tolerating and reliable technology is to use organic substrate to construct sensing element. In this paper, several technologies are reviewed. They include Si based absolute capacitive sensors, film-based transcapacitive technology, organic substrate-based transcapacitive technology. To make highly sensitive substrate sensor, a newly invented architecture has been achieved with new photosensitive material in combination with traditional substrate manufacturing process, resulting the best performance at very low cost. Detailed manufacturing process and performance evaluation results will be presented.

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Cairone, Fabiana, Francesco Gallo Afflitto, Giovanna Stella, Gianluca Cicala, Mohamed Ashour, Maïwenn Kersaudy-Kerhoas, and Maide Bucolo. "Micro-Optical Waveguides Realization by Low-Cost Technologies." Micro 2, no. 1 (January 27, 2022): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/micro2010008.

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Microscale optofluidic devices are a category of microscale devices combining fluidic and optical features. These devices typically enable in-situ fluid flow measurement for pharmaceutical, environmental or biomedical applications. In micro-optofluidic devices, in order to deliver, as close as possible, the input light to the sample or a specific chip section and, collect the output signal, it is necessary to miniaturize optical components. In this paper, two low-cost technologies, 3D Printing PDMS-based and laser cutting PMMA-based (PDMS stands for Poly-dimethyl-siloxane and PMMA for Poly-methyl-methacrylate), were investigated as novel methods to realize micro-optical waveguides (μWGs) comparing their performances. An ad-hoc master-slave protocol developed to realize PDMS components by 3D Printing has been fully optimized. The manufacturing technologies proposed require simple and low-cost equipment and no strictly controlled environment. Similar results are obtained for both the micro-optical waveguides realized. Their losses, disregarding the losses caused by the fibers’ alignment and the miss-match of the geometry with the waveguide, are of the order of 20%, almost equivalent for both approaches (PDMS-μWG and PMMA-μWG). The losses are of the order of 10% when the PDMS-μWG is shielded by a copper layer, with a significant improvement of the signal acquired. The results obtained show the possibility of using the two low-cost technologies presented for the realization of micro-optical waveguides suitable to be integrated in micro-optofluidic devices and the potential of creating micro-optical paths inside micro-embedded systems.

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Cooper, Khershed P. "Manufacturing Technologies for Small Lot Size, Short Cycle Time and Low Cost." Materials Science Forum 561-565 (October 2007): 821–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.821.

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New manufacturing methods involving direct fabrication processes seem ideal for mass customization or “just-in-time” production. The use of tool-less means of production ensures reduced lead-time and lower cost. Besides, they provide flexibility in design and fabrication, which are essential for small lot sizes. However, part quality and production reliability are challenges that must be met. When adapted to the micro-factory paradigm, direct manufacturing can be made portable and capable of remote manufacturing. The benefits of miniaturization are savings in materials and energy consumption, but the increased surface area to volume ratio has implications for material behavior, especially mechanical strength. The newest incarnation of direct manufacturing is direct digital manufacturing or DDM, which involves localized deposition of material or energy and the creation of heterogeneous objects with digital means of control. DDM seeks spatial control of macrostructure, composition, texture and properties with the possibility of producing materials with unusual behavior, functionally gradient structures and integrated component devices. For DDM, multi-material design, precision in deposition, shaping and removal and understanding of heterogeneous material behavior are challenges.

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Enquist, Paul. "Low Temperature Direct Bond Technology for 3D Microelectronics Integration and Wafer Scale Packaging." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2010, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 000015–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2010-ta1-paper3.

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3D microelectronics integration and wafer scale packaging promise improvements in functional density and cost compared to conventional 2D microelectronics and packaging technologies. The realization of these improvements will require further adoption of 3D volume manufacturing process technologies. These process technologies will likely include through silicon via (TSV) and die or wafer bonding with and without 3D interconnect. Low temperature direct bond technologies have a number of inherent performance and cost advantages compared to other bonding technologies. This paper describes low temperature direct oxide bond technologies with and without a scalable 3D interconnect developed by Ziptronix and cost savings, performance and applications that will be enabled by adoption of these technologies. Enabled cost savings and performance include system or network-on-chip, system in package, and TSVs. Enabled applications include backside illuminated image sensors, micron-scale pitch vertically integrated image sensor arrays, 3D system-on-chip and 3D network-on-chip.

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Bagga, K., R. McCann, F. O'Sullivan, P. Ghosh, S. Krishnamurthy, A. Stalcup, M. Vázquez, and D. Brabazon. "Nanoparticle functionalized laser patterned substrate: an innovative route towards low cost biomimetic platforms." RSC Advances 7, no. 13 (2017): 8060–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra27260f.

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Espinosa, Nieves, Rafael García Valverde, M. Socorro García Cascales, and Antonio Urbina. "Towards Low-Cost Manufacturing of Organic Solar Cells: Multi Criteria Assessment of Fabrication Technologies." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 1, no. 08 (April 2010): 977–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj08.547.

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Pasian, Marco, Maurizio Bozzi, and Luca Perregrini. "Low-cost dichroic mirrors for future Deep Space ground stations." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 3, no. 6 (October 6, 2011): 595–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078711000882.

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Future Deep Space (DS) ground stations envisioned by running projects funded by major space agencies are based on arrays of reflector antennas operating in different frequency bands. Therefore, a multi-band feeding system is required for each antenna, and a possible solution foresees the use of dichroic mirrors to separate/combine different beams. This paper presents a low-cost and fast manufacturing process for the fabrication of dichroic mirrors, usually referred to as punching technique or metal stamping. In particular, the specific advantages and limits of this fabrication technique are outlined and discussed, showing both electrical performance and manufacturing accuracy measurements from a test prototype. In addition, a typical scenario for future DS ground stations is described, showing the impact of these low-cost dichroic mirrors on the final ground station performance and cost, compared to the standard approach for dichroic mirror manufacturing based on more expensive and time-consuming technologies (e.g. milling machining).

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Lee, Ho Sung, Jong Hoon Yoon, and Joon Tae Yoo. "Manufacturing Titanium and Al-Li Alloy Cryogenic Tanks." Key Engineering Materials 837 (April 2020): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.837.64.

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This study presents manufacturing cryogenic tanks for aerospace applications. Since most high strength aerospace alloys like titanium alloys and Al-Li alloys exhibit low formability due to low ductility and work hardening, superplastic forming technology is applied to manufacture hemispherical shapes. Superplasticity is the ability of materials to deform plastically to show very large amount of strains. Advantages of superplastic forming technology include its design flexibility, low tooling cost and short leading time to produce. In this study, various manufacturing processes, like superplastic forming, diffusion bonding, laser beam welding and friction stir welding, are applied to manufacture titanium and aluminum cryogenic tanks. Using these technologies in manufacturing process makes the aerospace components lighter and stiffer, with efficient energy and cost saving.

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Morikawa, Yasuhiro, Takahide Murayama, Toshiyuki Sakuishi, Toshiyuki Nakamura, Takashi Kurimoto, Yuu Nakamuta, Isao Kimura, and Koukou Suu. "Scallop Free Si Etching and Low Cost Integration Technologies for 2.5D Si Interposer." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2012, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 000998–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2012-wp65.

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In order to realize the manufacturing and cost benefits of via middle and via last technology for the 3D stacked integration, creation of through silicon via (TSV) spanning all layers of fully formed chips must be realized. This is particularly new etching method challenging for TSV devices. The etch system is new TSV etcher that is a kind of high electron density ICP / NLD. In this paper, study on non Bosch Si etch method to get a smooth sidewalls with no scalloping and a good control of the etched profile using new planar ICP plasma, and trying high selectivity to photo-resist mask for TSV etching to provide the total lowest cost processes.

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Jha, Sujit Kumar. "Virtual Manufacturing concepts reducing the Flow Time in Aircraft Manufacturing." International Journal of Engineering Technology and Sciences 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijets.5.2016.1.1.1040.

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The high cost and long lead times of traditional manufacturing makes it difficult for manufactures to efficiently meet eternally changing market demands. In order to determine the manufacturability of the component and low cost production of aircraft manufacturing, Digital Virtual Manufacturing plays a vital role. By the advancement in technologies like Virtual Manufacturing tools used through Product Lifecycle Management (PLM), are competent to access and reuse the best practices, as well as evaluate 3-D manufacturing scenarios. By implementing advance 3-D CAD systems with the CNC machines enables the success of the determinate assembly approach to significantly reduce the lead time aircraft manufacturing. This paper encompasses the virtual manufacturing concept to enable complex manufacturing set-up analysis, exchanging expertise at collaborative work. Virtual Manufacturing is using the manufacturing knowledge at PLM environment for defining the assembly process of an aircraft parts.

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Idrees, Zeba, and Lirong Zheng. "Low cost air pollution monitoring systems: A review of protocols and enabling technologies." Journal of Industrial Information Integration 17 (March 2020): 100123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2019.100123.

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Kalsoom, Tahera, Naeem Ramzan, Shehzad Ahmed, and Masood Ur-Rehman. "Advances in Sensor Technologies in the Era of Smart Factory and Industry 4.0." Sensors 20, no. 23 (November 27, 2020): 6783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20236783.

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The evolution of intelligent manufacturing has had a profound and lasting effect on the future of global manufacturing. Industry 4.0 based smart factories merge physical and cyber technologies, making the involved technologies more intricate and accurate; improving the performance, quality, controllability, management, and transparency of manufacturing processes in the era of the internet-of-things (IoT). Advanced low-cost sensor technologies are essential for gathering data and utilizing it for effective performance by manufacturing companies and supply chains. Different types of low power/low cost sensors allow for greatly expanded data collection on different devices across the manufacturing processes. While a lot of research has been carried out with a focus on analyzing the performance, processes, and implementation of smart factories, most firms still lack in-depth insight into the difference between traditional and smart factory systems, as well as the wide set of different sensor technologies associated with Industry 4.0. This paper identifies the different available sensor technologies of Industry 4.0, and identifies the differences between traditional and smart factories. In addition, this paper reviews existing research that has been done on the smart factory; and therefore provides a broad overview of the extant literature on smart factories, summarizes the variations between traditional and smart factories, outlines different types of sensors used in a smart factory, and creates an agenda for future research that encompasses the vigorous evolution of Industry 4.0 based smart factories.

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Minguella-Canela, Joaquim, Sergio Morales Planas, Joan Gomà Ayats, and M. de los Santos López. "Assessment of the Potential Economic Impact of the Use of AM Technologies in the Cost Levels of Manufacturing and Stocking of Spare Part Products." Materials 11, no. 8 (August 14, 2018): 1429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11081429.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies are appropriate manufacturing technologies to produce low rotation products of high added value. Products in the spare parts business usually have discontinuous demand levels of reduced numbers of parts. Indeed, spare parts inventories handle myriad of products that require big immobilized investments while having an intrinsic risk of no-use (for example due to obsolescence or spoilage). Based on these issues, the present work analyses the fundamental cost factors in a real case study of a company dedicated to the supply of spare parts for fluid conduction systems. Real inventory data is assessed to determine the product taxonomy and its associated costs. A representative product of the stock is analyzed in detail on original manufacturing costs, in AM costs and then redesigned with topological optimization to reduce the AM cost levels (via design for additive manufacturing). A general equation for cost assessment is formulated. Given the specific data collected from the company, the parameters in this general equation are calculated. Finally, the general equation and the product cost reduction achieved are used to explore the potential economic impact of the use of AM technologies in the cost levels of manufacturing and stocking of spare part products.

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Qaryouti, Ghazi, Abdel Rahman Salbad, Sohaib A. Tamimi, Anwar Almofleh, Wael A. Salah, and Qazem Jaber. "Design and implementation of a three dimensions (3D) printer for modeling and pre-manufacturing applications." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 6 (December 1, 2019): 4749. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i6.pp4749-4757.

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The three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies represent a revolution in the manufacturing sector due to their unique characteristics. These printers arecapable to increase the productivitywithlower complexity in addition tothe reduction inmaterial waste as well the overall design cost prior large scalemanufacturing.However, the applications of 3D printing technologies for the manufacture of functional components or devices remain an almost unexplored field due to their high complexity. In this paper the development of 3D printing technologies for the manufacture of functional parts and devices for different applications is presented. The use of 3D printing technologies in these applicationsis widelyused in modelingdevices usually involves expensive materials such as ceramics or compounds. The recent advances in the implementation of 3D printing with the use of environmental friendly materialsin addition to the advantages ofhighperformance and flexibility. The design and implementation of relatively low-cost and efficient 3D printer is presented. The developed prototype was successfully operated with satisfactory operated as shown from the printed samples shown.

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Liu, Fuhan, Chandrasekharan Nair, Hirokazu Ito, Bartlet H. DeProspo, Siddharth Ravichandran, Hisanori Akimaru, Koichi Hasegawa, and Rao R. Tummala. "Low-Cost 1-$\mu$ m Photolithography Technologies for Large-Body-Size, Low-Resistance Panel-Based RDL." IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology 9, no. 7 (July 2019): 1426–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcpmt.2019.2896173.

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Naoufal, Bellahsen, Kertész Szabolcs, Pásztory Zoltán, and Hodúr Cecilia. "Adsorption of nutrients using low-cost adsorbents from agricultural waste and by-products – review." Progress in Agricultural Engineering Sciences 14, no. 1 (December 2018): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/446.14.2018.1.1.

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Nutrient removal has become one of the key challenges for wastewater treatment facilities all over the world due to the harmful effect of these pollutants on water bodies and ecosystems known by eutrophication, however, most of the currently used technologies are not focused on nutrients recovery from wastewater. Recently, using agricultural waste/by-products for adsorption of nutrients acquired more interest because of their abundant availability, low-cost, high efficiency and eco-friendly advantages and this method may become more environmentally sustainable through maximizing removal while delivering nutrient and energy recovery technologies with economically attractive return on investment. This review investigates the application of agricultural waste/by-products as bio-sorbent for phosphate, ammonium and nitrate removal with a focus on the modification methods and the process mechanism including influent parameters, kinetics and isotherms.

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Shannon, Mark A., and Raphael Semiat. "Advancing Materials and Technologies for Water Purification." MRS Bulletin 33, no. 1 (January 2008): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2008.8.

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AbstractWorldwide, 1.2 billion people lack access to sufficient amounts of clean water, and 2.6 billion lack adequate sanitation. Also, industry relies on large quantities of water during manufacturing, which is then returned to the environment. Having adequate water supplies, and removing pathogens, chemicals, and other contaminants with high throughput at a low cost is a growing challenge around the world. This issue of MRS Bulletin examines how materials research, through the development of membranes, catalysts, nanoparticles, and other materials, is addressing these needs.

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Sun, Shi Yang, Jian Ping Long, and Bo Zhang. "The Investigation of Plating Technologies for Front Fingers of c-Si Solar Cells." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 198–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.198.

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Besides silicon wafers, the metallization of solar cells is the most expensive process in the mass production of solar cells nowadays. Therefore, the development of cost-effective metallization technologies is very important for the reduction of manufacturing cost. In this article, we will introduce two novel approaches for the metallization of c-Si solar cells: (i) electroless plated Ni and electroplated Cu; (ii) photoplated Ni and Cu. It is believed that high efficiency and low cost solar cells can be fabricated taking advantages of the improved metallization methods.

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Rao, Shraavya, Ankita Morankar, Himani Verma, and Prerna Goswami. "Emerging Photovoltaics: Organic, Copper Zinc Tin Sulphide, and Perovskite-Based Solar Cells." Journal of Applied Chemistry 2016 (September 6, 2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3971579.

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As the photovoltaics industry continues to grow rapidly, materials other than silicon are being explored. The aim is to develop technologies that use environmentally friendly, abundant materials, low-cost manufacturing processes without compromising on efficiencies and lifetimes. This paper discusses three of the emerging technologies, organic, copper zinc tin sulphide (CZTS), and perovskite-based solar cells, their advantages, and the possible challenges in making these technologies commercially available.

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Cunico, Marlon Wesley Machado, Miriam Machado Cunico, Patrick Medeiros Cavalheiro, and Jonas de Carvalho. "Investigation of additive manufacturing surface smoothing process." Rapid Prototyping Journal 23, no. 1 (January 16, 2017): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-11-2015-0176.

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Purpose The additive manufacturing technologies have been facing an extraordinary growth along the past years. This phenomenon might be correlated with rise of low-cost FDM technologies into the non-professional market segment. In contrast with that, among the main disadvantages found in this sort of equipment are the final object finishing and low mechanical strength. For that reason, the purpose of this paper is to present and characterise a surface treatment which is based on solvent vapour attack and that is also known as smoothing process. In addition, a concise overview about the theory beneath this process is presented besides an experimental study that evaluates the main effects on the mechanical properties of object. Design/methodology/approach To analyse the benefits of this process, the authors preliminarily investigated the working mechanism that supports such surface treatment. It allowed them to identify and select a proper solvent for each material. The authors have also established that the exposure time repetition numbers (passes) were the main variables, whereas temperature, solvent type, drying time, object direction and object shape were constants. The main object dimensions, surface roughness, absorbed solvent mass and mechanical strength were the main study responses. Findings As a result of this work, the peak-peak roughness was reduced in 71 per cent, indicating the potential benefit of this process. On the other hand, excessive solvent exposure implied on relevant dimensional distortions and internal disruptures. It was also possible to see that the vapourised solvent penetrate into the object surface and fused layers and filaments. As consequence, the mechanical strength was also improved. Originality/value Despite the growth that additive manufacturing market segment has seen along the past years, the finishing and mechanical strength of low-cost equipment still lack for improvements. For that reason, applications like solvent vapour attack or smoothing process new perspectives for this non-professional segment, whereas roughness and mechanical strength are improved after its treatment. As a consequence, it is possible to consider a final object to be obtained directly from low-cost FDM in combination with smoothing process.

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R, Mohanraj, Ramasubramanian B, Sutharsen TS, Ajay M, and Prof Aarthy Gunasekar. "3D Printed Face Shield." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 5 (May 31, 2022): 2158–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42775.

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Abstract: In the fourth industrial revolution, a sort of printing technology that has the potential to transform the manufacturing industry is 3D printing. It takes just a few hours to develop a new product with this technology which might take days and months with traditional technologies. This research highlights a low-cost 3D printer’s design and its working. The whole printer was developed to make it less expensive than similar products already on the market. The results show that low-cost printers with good accuracy can be designed. Keywords: 3D printing, Face shield, CAD Software, stereo lithography, fused deposition manufacturing

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Zhao, Changlong, Qiyin Lv, and Wenzheng Wu. "Application and Prospects of Hydrogel Additive Manufacturing." Gels 8, no. 5 (May 12, 2022): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8050297.

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Hydrogel has become a commonly used material for 3D and 4D printing due to its favorable biocompatibility and low cost. Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, was originally referred to as rapid prototyping manufacturing. Variable-feature rapid prototyping technology, also known as 4D printing, is a combination of materials, mathematics, and additives. This study constitutes a literature review to address hydrogel-based additive manufacturing technologies, introducing the characteristics of commonly used 3D printing hydrogel methods, such as direct ink writing, fused deposition modeling, and stereolithography. With this review, we also investigated the stimulus types, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of various stimulus-responsive hydrogels in smart hydrogels; non-responsive hydrogels; and various applications of additive manufacturing hydrogels, such as neural catheter preparation and drug delivery. The opportunities, challenges, and future prospects of hydrogel additive manufacturing technologies are discussed.

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Ong U Jing, Daniel, Declan Devine, and John Lyons. "3D Printed End of Arm Tooling (EOAT) for Robotic Automation." Robotics 7, no. 3 (September 5, 2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics7030049.

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This research furthers the practice of designing and manufacturing End of Arm Tooling (EOAT) by utilizing a low cost additive manufacturing Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) technique to enable tool weight saving and provision of low cost EOATs on demand, thereby facilitating zero inventory lean manufacturing. The materials used in this research for the fabrication of the EOAT parts were Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and nylon with infill densities of 20% and 100%. Three-point flexural tests were performed to determine the differences in strength and stiffness between varying polymers, infill ratios, and a standard metal part. Additionally, potential weight savings were identified and challenges with utilizing low cost FFF technologies are outlined. A motion of programmed trajectories was executed utilizing a standard 6-axis robot and the power consumption was evaluated. This study demonstrates the utility of using thermoplastic material with the fabrication of 3D printed parts used in EOATs.

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Lutter-Günther, Max, Stephan Wagner, Christian Seidel, and Gunther Reinhart. "Economic and Ecological Evaluation of Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Technologies Based on the Combination of Laser Metal Deposition and CNC Machining." Applied Mechanics and Materials 805 (November 2015): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.805.213.

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Hybrid additive manufacturing technologies combine selective material deposition with a conventional milling process in one machine, enabling the production of complex metal parts and reducing the need for part specific tools. The hybrid technology offers technological advantages compared to more established additive fabrication processes, such as powder bed fusion. Compared to powder bed based additive processes, which are currently in a prevailing positon regarding AM adaption, hybrid additive technologies enable increased build rates, enhanced build volumes and a reduction of machine changes. In the Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) process, metal powder is deposited through a nozzle and melted by a laser on the surface of the part. By integrating the LMD process into a machining center, good surface roughness and low tolerances can be realized by means of e. g. milling without reclamping. In comparison to powder bed based processes, cost and resource input have not been investigated in detail. In this study, hybrid additive manufacturing technologies are analyzed regarding cost and resource input. A cost model for hybrid additive processes is introduced that enables the analysis of the manufacturing cost structure for a given part. Furthermore, the resource inputs for the operation of a hybrid production machine are estimated.

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Naseer, Muhammad Nihal, Asad A. Zaidi, Hamdullah Khan, Sagar Kumar, Muhammad Taha Bin Owais, Yasmin Abdul Wahab, Kingshuk Dutta, et al. "Desalination technology for energy-efficient and low-cost water production: A bibliometric analysis." Green Processing and Synthesis 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 306–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/gps-2022-0027.

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Abstract Over the last few decades, steady growth in desalination literature has been observed. However, conducting a quantitative analysis of this literature is still a novelty. This study aimed at carrying out a quantitative analysis of desalination literature published during the last 30 years, using bibliometric and content analysis techniques, based on the Web of Science database. The bibliometric analysis revealed that desalination has received much attention after the year 2000, as 95.4% of literature has been published in two decades after 2000. The text mining analysis showed that the hot themes of desalination research are reverse osmosis optimization, graphene implications, interfacial polymerization, capacitive deionization, carbon nanotube implications, and antifouling techniques. Furthermore, it was observed that many desalination technologies have emerged recently that make it a challenge to choose the right desalination technology for industrialization. Therefore, this study also contributed to identifying the factors that are important for the industrialization of desalination technologies and, based on these identified factors, this study has compared different desalination technologies to unearth the energy-efficient and low production cost technology. Analytical hierarchy process was used for comparing existing desalination technologies based on eight different parameters and it demonstrated that reverse osmosis is the best available technology for desalination.

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Brandão, Pedro, Paulo T. Silva, Marco Parente, and Luís Rosado. "μSmartScope – Towards a low-cost microscopic medical device for cervical cancer screening using additive manufacturing and optimization." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 236, no. 2 (December 20, 2021): 267–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14644207211022774.

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Developing a low-cost medical device requires numerous stages of prototyping, where using traditional manufacturing technologies can increase development costs. The current study presents the development of a critical component for a low-cost microscope whose goal is to confer an inexpensive solution for automated analysis of microscopic smears. A novel design methodology was developed to optimize the achieved solution. During the exploration of this methodology, it is asked: how can an additive-manufactured prototype be cost-effective for accurate examination of cervical cytology smears? To understand the effect on cost and tensile strength that infill density and perimeter wall count, tensile tests were conducted. These results combined with the developed methodology achieved the most cost-effective solution. To achieve this, topology optimization was used to improve the stiffness-per-weight ratio of different parts. Finally, design for additive manufacturing and topology optimization was proven as an effective design tool.

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Hensen, Jéssica Cristina Dias dos Santos Forte, José Aguiomar Foggiatto, Leandra Ulbricht, and Adriana Maria Wan Stadnik. "Additive manufacturing of customized lower limb orthoses – A review." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 6, no. 10 (October 31, 2018): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol6.iss10.1175.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) has been successfully applied in the healthcare and shows potential for modernization of lower limb orthoses manufacturing process. This study aims to analyze the scientific production of AM application in customized lower limb orthoses production (foot and ankle-foot orthoses) to identify possible research gaps. To reach the proposed objective, a systematic literature review was carried out, based on the construction of a bibliographic portfolio, a bibliometric study and on article content analysis. Some study gaps were identified as the cost of the 3D digitalizing and the additive manufacturing process employed. This review will be the basis for the development of research on the application of low cost 3D digitizing and 3D printing technologies in the development of lower limb orthoses.

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Ostuzzi, Francesca, Valentina Rognoli, Jelle Saldien, and Marinella Levi. "+TUO project: low cost 3D printers as helpful tool for small communities with rheumatic diseases." Rapid Prototyping Journal 21, no. 5 (August 17, 2015): 491–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-09-2014-0111.

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Purpose – This paper aims to present a pilot study’s aims to identify opportunities and limits deriving from the use of low-cost 3D printing (3DP), fused deposition modelling (FDM), open-source technologies in co-design and co-production processes involving persons with rheumatic diseases (RDs). Design/methodology/approach – In the paper, the authors outline why the use of low-cost, entry-level FDM can be meaningful for this scenario, implying a complete sharing of the design and the production phases of small assistive devices. The +TUO process is composed of several stages, among which the generative session represents the core. Findings – This study highlights as the introduction of this low-cost technology in co-generative processes with people with RDs is a real challenge that can lead to new products and solutions, and that can sustain a social and local manufacturing approach for people facing a specific disablement. Research limitations/implications – This research is a first step of a broader research, new researches are going to explore further details related with the technology and of the adopted method. Practical implications – Involving actively, the end user during the creation process can bring advantages such as meeting more precisely their needs and create innovative products, as shown in the text. Social implications – For people living with RDs, an occupation is important to sustain a process of empowerment. Adopting assistive devices supports daily activities and facilitates the occupation. Originality/value – +TUO is a pilot study that explore a topic already discussed in the scientific arena, without focusing on the specific use of low-cost 3DP technologies.

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Di, Lei, and Yiran Yang. "Cost Modeling and Evaluation of Direct Metal Laser Sintering with Integrated Dynamic Process Planning." Sustainability 13, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010319.

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Additive manufacturing technologies have been adopted in a wide range of industries such as automotive, aerospace, and consumer products. Currently, additive manufacturing is mainly used for small-scale, low volume productions due to its limitations such as high unit cost. To enhance the scalability of additive manufacturing, it is critical to evaluate and preferably reduce the cost of adopting additive manufacturing for production. The current literature on additive manufacturing cost mainly adopts empirical approaches and does not sufficiently explore the cost-saving potentials enabled by leveraging different process planning algorithms. In this article, a mathematical cost model is established to quantify the different cost components in the direct metal laser sintering process, and it is applicable for evaluating the cost performance when adopting dynamic process planning with different layer-wise process parameters. The case study results indicate that 12.73% of the total production cost could be potentially reduced when applying the proposed dynamic process planning algorithm based on the complexity level of geometries. In addition, the sensitivity analysis results suggest that the raw material price and the overhead cost are the two key cost drivers in the current additive manufacturing market.

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Korzhyk, V., V. Khaskin, O. Voitenko, Volodymyr Sydorets, and O. Dolianovskaia. "Welding Technology in Additive Manufacturing Processes of 3D Objects." Materials Science Forum 906 (September 2017): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.906.121.

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Using of welding technologies to produce metal volume objects allows considerable lowering of their manufacturing cost at simultaneous increase in productivity, compared to SLS-and SLM-processes. The most perspective welding technology of additive manufacturing of three-dimensional objects is plasma-arc technology with application of wires or powders. It allows creating at comparatively low heat input quality volumetric products with wall thickness from 3 to 50 mm from alloys based on Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Ti, Al, as well as composite materials, containing refractory components.

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Rooks, Brian. "Rapid manufacturing advances at Loughborough." Assembly Automation 22, no. 4 (December 1, 2002): 333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01445150210446193.

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An outline of the current activities in the Rapid Manufacturing (RM) Group at Loughborough University, one of the new Innovation Research Centres funded by the Engineering and Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC). A description is given of the facilities available for research and some of the projects underway – laminated tools for die casting, laser fusion of functionally‐graded materials, and design for RM. Another activity is the industrial Consortium that helps its members in the application of RM technologies. Three Consortium projects are described: deep slot tooling production using copper plated rapid prototype (RP) produced electrodes, cost reduction through RP‐produced patterns for investment casting, and production of thin walled investment cast components with RP‐built low thermal conductivity tooling.

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Fleischer, Jürgen, Florian Kößler, Julia Sawodny, Tobias Storz, Philipp Gönnheimer, and Janna Hofmann. "Flexible Produktionsysteme/Agile Battery Cell Manufacturing as Response for Volatile Markets and Technologies." wt Werkstattstechnik online 111, no. 07-08 (2021): 486–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2021-07-08-18.

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Die industrielle Batteriezellfertigung ist geprägt durch starre Produktionssysteme für die Massenfertigung. Die Fertigung anwendungsspezifischer Zellen im geringen bis mittleren Stückzahlsegment erfolgt derzeit kostenintensiv in einer Werkstattfertigung. Basierend auf standardisierten Roboterzellen und einer flexiblen Steuerungsarchitektur wird ein Konzept zur hoch automatisierten material-, format- und stückzahlflexiblen Batteriezellfertigung beschrieben.   Industrial battery cell production is characterized by rigid production systems for mass production. The production of application-specific cells in a low to medium quantity segment is currently performed by cost-intensive workshop production. Based on standardized robotic cells and a flexible control architecture, a concept for highly automated battery cell production that is flexible in terms of material, format and number of units is described.

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Mukherjee, Sanjay, Abhishek Asthana, Martin Howarth, and Jahedul Islam Chowdhury. "Techno-Economic Assessment of Waste Heat Recovery Technologies for the Food Processing Industry." Energies 13, no. 23 (December 5, 2020): 6446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236446.

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The food manufacturing sector is one of the most dominant consumers of energy across the globe. Food processing methods such as drying, baking, frying, malting, roasting, etc. rely heavily on the heat released from burning fossil fuels, mainly natural gas or propane. Less than half of this heat contributes to the actual processing of the product and the remaining is released to the surroundings as waste heat, primarily through exhaust gases at 150 to 250 °C. Recovering this waste heat can deliver significant fuel, cost and CO2 savings. However, selecting an appropriate sink for this waste heat is challenging due to the relatively low source temperature. This study investigates a novel application of gas-to-air low temperature waste heat recovery technology for a confectionary manufacturing process, through a range of experiments. The recovered heat is used to preheat a baking oven’s combustion air at inlet before it enters the fuel-air mixture. The investigated technology is compared with other waste heat recovery schemes involving Regenerative Organic Rankine Cycles (RORC), Vapour Absorption Refrigeration (VAR) and hot water production. The findings indicate that utilising an oven’s exhaust gases to preheat combustion air can deliver up to 33% fuel savings, provided a sufficiently large heat sink in the form of oven combustion air is available. Due to a lower investment cost, the technology also offers a payback period of only 1.57 years, which makes it financially attractive when compared to others. The studied waste heat recovery technologies can deliver a CO2 savings of 28–356 tonnes per year from a single manufacturing site. The modelling and comparison methodology, observations and outcomes of this study can be extended to a variety of low temperature food manufacturing processes.

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Chang, Hui, and Lian Zhou. "Current Situation of Titanium Research, Development and Applications in China." MATEC Web of Conferences 321 (2020): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032101001.

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This planery paper reviewed the progress of titanium research, development, applications and industry in China during the past four years since the Ti-2015 conference in San Diego. Including additive manufacturing, material genome engineering technologies, low cost titanium and short manufacture processing, powder metallurgies and near net shape fabrication technologies, applications in marine, gas and oil exploitations, as well as consuming products. And the industry situation in China has also been reviewed.

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Menzler, N. H., F. Han, T. van Gestel, W. Schafbauer, F. Schulze-Küppers, S. Uhlenbruck, W. A. Meulenberg, and H. P. Buchkremer. "Development of Thin-Film Manufacturing Technologies for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and Gas Separation Membranes." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2012, CICMT (September 1, 2012): 000277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-2012-wa12.

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The development of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and gas separation membranes for fossil (fuel?) power plants has previously suffered from cost issues like the manufacturing of the core components including i) the ceramic fuel cell and ii) the ceramic membrane, and from insufficient power density (current density or flow rate) on the stack, module or system level. Forschungszentrum Jülich has been working on SOFC development for 20 years, and on membrane development for 6 years. Both energy-related applications are based on similar materials systems, similar micro-structural features (porous-dense, coarse-fine), comparable application parameters (e.g. high temperature) and are manufactured with similar technologies. In the past the focus laid mostly on basic materials research and proving the functionality of the membranes or fuel cells. Meanwhile, one key topic has been the application of low-cost thin-film high-throughput manufacturing technologies. This includes the fabrication of the supports (mostly tape-casting), the coating with functional layers by ceramics technologies (screen printing, roll coating) and the reduction of sintering steps and temperatures. Additionally special thin-film technologies like sol-gel technique and electron beam evaporation / sputtering have also been applied for functional layers, depending on the functional necessities. The presentation gives an overview regarding the state-of-the-art in SOFC and gas separation membrane development at Forschungszentrum Jülich with an emphasis on the manufacturing technologies, resulting in optimized layer micro-structures and thickness. Additionally it summarizes the electrochemical and permeation data obtained so far.

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Wang, Xiao Jun, Wen Hui Yue, and Zi Qiang Han. "Study on High Speed Cutting Technology for Green Manufacturing." Advanced Materials Research 305 (July 2011): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.305.25.

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As a sustainable model of modern manufacturing industry, green manufacturing is one of the essential solutions of the manufacturing environment pollution problems. Green cutting technology is the base and key of green manufacturing and will be the inevitable trend of cutting technology. High speed machining technology is a kind of the advanced manufacturing technologies which have superiorities as low cost, high efficiency, good processing quality and are suitable for machining thin walled workpieces and difficult-to-cut materials, and the relative problem has attracted scholars' attention from all over the world. From the perspective of green manufacturing, research results of high speed machining hardened steels are reviewed, including cutting force, cutting temperature, selection and optimization of processing parameters and machining quality, and conclude that high speed cutting is one of the key technologies in implementing green manufacturing and cleaner production. Finally, its future works of the research are discussed.

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PENA-GONZALEZ, Luis Edoardo, Paulo DA SILVA, and Ikuo TANABE. "DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTALLY-FRIENDLY TECHNOLOGIES BASED ON THE DOUBLE-ECO MODEL -AN EVALUATION PLATFORM." Journal of Machine Engineering Vol.18, No.1 (February 22, 2018): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.8812.

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In recent years, the urgency to create environmentally-friendly technologies has dramatically increased. However, these technologies are usually not adopted due to their large cost and low profit. Previously the “Double-ECO model” has been proposed as a methodology that reconciles both “Economy” and “Ecology”, which relies on the exploration of technology alternatives that offer an improved mechanical performance. Here, as mechanical performance, cost and environmental impact were meant to be approached under the same degree of priority, this model was thought to offer the basis for a broader technology development framework. The current research initiates said framework by proposing an evaluation platform, which through a transition from a focus on environmental-friendliness towards an improved eco-efficiency definition lays groundwork for an automated evaluation. This was done by defining a dimensionless evaluation parameter based on existing methodologies and referred as the “DE Index”. This paper applied the proposed evaluation method into a machine tool lubrication technology example. It was concluded that, (1) the platform was able to effectively compare technologies under the proposed eco-efficiency parameter, (2) the developed technology possessed improvements in the environmental pollution output, mechanical performance and cost when compared to conventional technologies.

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Samborski, Tomasz, Jan Wiejak, and Eugeniusz Matras. "Device for Low-Cost Assembly of Chips in RFID Inlays." Solid State Phenomena 237 (August 2015): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.237.239.

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Security systems employ the RFID method to protect objects and data and to ensure public safety and the safety of commercial activity, e.g. through the control over technological processes. The research activity aimed at improving the level of safety of electronic and technical protection needs to be verified through the manufacture of prototype IDs with RFID inlays.The authors presents an original experimental device enabling the implementation of individual chips in RFID inlays, which were made on a flexible base to which an RFID antenna is attached. The collection of the chip from the dispenser and an unambiguous orientation of the soldered tips in relation to the antenna are provided by a four-axis vacuum manipulator cooperating with a vision system identifying the location of the chip on the manipulator and its final application area. A computer control system enables the operation in two modes, i.e. a semi-automatic mode in which it is possible to manually control the order and the way in which individual tasks are performed, and an automatic mode conducted according to the designed algorithm. The developed device is intended for research on the ways to improve the manufacturing techniques and electronic document protection by means of RFID technologies.

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Davies, Huw, and Alastair Clarke. "Design and manufacture of components for motor sport using computer-aided design and rapid casting technology." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 227, no. 12 (February 26, 2013): 2751–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406213479079.

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That motor sport is synonymous with advanced manufacturing is probably true of the upper echelons such as F1, WRC and ALMS. However, at privateer level, many of the advanced manufacturing technologies, and to an extent many of the more traditional manufacturing technologies, are beyond reach due to a combination of cost and low production volumes. One technology that has the potential to make the transition from the upper echelons to the privateer level is rapid casting technology. Rapid casting combines the advantages of traditional casting, including greater flexibility during the design stage and a more effective structural behaviour, with the requirement for low production numbers synonymous with motor sport. The low-volume element is achieved through the use of rapid prototyping technology to fabricate the high quality and complex patterns used in investment casting with lower cost and shorter leading times. A potential application was investigated through the presented case study. This involved the use of rapid casting, based on the direct rapid prototyping approach, to design and manufacture an upright for a single-seater race car. The use of advanced computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture techniques and rapid casting technology resulted in an upright that is structurally efficient (<160 MPa main load cases), has low weight (∼900 g) and a reduced number of component parts.

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del Alamo, Jesús A. "GaAs Integrated Circuit Manufacturing." MRS Bulletin 17, no. 4 (April 1992): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400041063.

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In the mid 1980s, reports of exciting progress from GaAs integrated circuit (IC) performance from R&D laboratories world-wide portrayed a rosy future for GaAs. Now, in the early 1990s, true to their reputation, GaAs ICs are still largely the stuff of the future. In fact, deployment of GaAs ICs in real systems has been disappointingly slow. In 1985, the commercial GaAs IC market was forecast to reach $800 million by 1990. The actual figure was only $142 million. To put this number in perspective, it represents less than 0.4% of the total Si IC merchant market.In a recent survey of the GaAs industry, Kato explored the causes for GaAs troubles, with startling findings. The issue certainly does not seem to be a performance one because GaAs ICs are sufficiently ahead of alternative technologies. Material quality is not a problem either. Extremely high-quality 3 in. and 4 in. GaAs wafers are now on the market at reasonable prices. On the other hand, several serious deficiencies center around IC manufacturing. The price of the final GaAs ICs is perceived as not competitive with alternative technologies. This is rooted in the low yields and poor repeatability of the manufacturing lines. A great contribution to cost is time-consuming functionality testing, particularly for analog products. For MMICs (monolithic microwave integrated circuits) in particular, final testing can easily become the bottleneck of the entire fabrication process. There is also much uncertainty about reliability. This might explain to a large extent the low customer confidence in the technology. Kato reports that fundamental technical problems in making GaAs ICs are still believed to remain.

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Kim, Hyungjung, Woo-Kyun Jung, In-Gyu Choi, and Sung-Hoon Ahn. "A Low-Cost Vision-Based Monitoring of Computer Numerical Control (CNC) Machine Tools for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)." Sensors 19, no. 20 (October 17, 2019): 4506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19204506.

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In the new era of manufacturing with the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the smart factory is getting much attention as a solution for the factory of the future. Despite challenges in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), such as short-term strategies and labor-intensive with limited resources, they have to improve productivity and stay competitive by adopting smart factory technologies. This study presents a novel monitoring approach for SMEs, KEM (keep an eye on your machine), and using a low-cost vision, such as a webcam and open-source technologies. Mainly, this idea focuses on collecting and processing operational data using cheaper and easy-to-use components. A prototype was tested with the typical 3-axis computer numerical control (CNC) milling machine. From the evaluation, availability of using a low-cost webcam and open-source technologies for monitoring of machine tools was confirmed. The results revealed that the proposed system is easy to integrate and can be conveniently applied to legacy machine tools on the shop floor without a significant change of equipment and cost barrier, which is less than $500 USD. These benefits could lead to a change of monitoring operations to reduce time in operation, energy consumption, and environmental impact for the sustainable production of SMEs.

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Krapež Tomec, Daša, and Mirko Kariž. "Use of Wood in Additive Manufacturing: Review and Future Prospects." Polymers 14, no. 6 (March 15, 2022): 1174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14061174.

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Polymers filled with natural-based fillers have shown growing demand/interest in recent years, including in additive manufacturing. Like most natural fillers in 3D printing, wood particles serve mainly as a filler that lowers the cost of the printing material due to their low price. However, could wood be used as a main ingredient to affect/improve the properties of 3D-printed parts? Several advantages, such as its reinforcing ability, biodegradability, availability as waste material from other industries, ability to be used in different forms or only in partial components, recycling options or even the use of its undesirable hydromorph-induced dimensional instability for 4D printing, indicate the importance of exploring its use in 3D printing. A review of publications on 3D printing with wood biomass and technologies involving the use of wood particles and components was conducted to identify the possibilities of using wood in additive technologies and their potential.

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Ahn, Dong-Gyu. "Investigation of Applicability of Additive Manufacturing Processes to Appropriate Technologies for Developing Countries." Academic Society for Appropriate Technology 7, no. 2 (November 20, 2021): 188–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37675/jat.2021.7.2.188.

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In recent years, additive manufacturing (AM) processes have emerged as an important manufacturing technology for a multi-item small sized production to lead the 4th industrial revolution. The layer-by-layer deposition characteristics of AM process can rapidly produce physical parts with three-dimensional geometry and desired functionality in a relatively low cost environment. The goal of this paper is to investigate the applicability of AM process to appropriate technologies for developing countries. Through the review of examples of appropriate technology of the AM process, the possibility of a practical usage of the AM process for the appropriate technologies is examined. In addition, significant applications of the AM process to the appropriate technology are introduced. Finally, future issues related to production of physical parts for developing countries using the AM process are discussed from the viewpoint of the appropriate technology.

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Liu, Ming, Ting Yang, and Qingjun Li. "Dynamic Production Control and Optimization under Low Carbon Economy considering Delivery Time Demand." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (May 21, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4535383.

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Production control plays an important role in the efficient use of production resources. To promote energy-saving and environmental protection, low carbon emissions, and sustainable development of enterprises, it is necessary to explore the production control scheme that facilitates the manufacturing of low-cost products. However, the existing studies have not incorporated expected delivery time into the preparation of production control scheme. With the purpose of improving the low carbon economy, this paper integrates the quantitative data of the dynamic production control process to reduce the overall cost and solves the problems of collaborative operation between dynamic production control and delivery time demand, aiming to promote the green and sustainable development of production control technologies of the manufacturing industry. To solve the problems more scientifically, the following works were done: firstly, a dynamic production control model was established under the constraint of low carbon emissions. Next, the corporate manufacturing information was synthetized with the data on production, logistics, and delivery, and a collaborative optimization model was established for the dynamic production control and delivery time demand under low carbon economy. The effectiveness of our model was demonstrated through experiments.

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Santamaría, L., M. García, A. Gharib, M. Galdo, E. Blanco, J. M. Fernández, and S. Velarde. "Training program for researchers in design and manufacturing of experimental prototypes for fluids engineering using additive technologies." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1193, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1193/1/012096.

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Abstract Experimental testing is one of the pillars in Fluids Engineering research. The arrival of rapid prototyping, and especially, Additive Manufacturing (AM), has revolutionized this field, allowing fast and flexible prototype manufacturing. Among these technologies, Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) allows to fabricate complex parts using light, resistant, composite materials at a very affordable cost. To harness the full potential of this technology, the fluid dynamics engineering research group (GIFD) of the University of Oviedo started a training program for researchers in this area. This rich and complete program is presented herein, emphasizing its elaborate methodology and highlighting the successful case-studies derived from its application. Knowledge and integration of this technology has granted the capability of self-manufacturing customizable, low-cost experimental prototypes with adequate mechanical properties and accuracy, which produce high-quality results. Additionally, it has widened remarkably the possibilities of experimental research, resulting in a significant increase of experimental publications.

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Waseem, Muhammad, Usman Ghani, Tufail Habib, Sahar Noor, and Tauseef Ahmed. "Productivity Enhancement with Material Handling System Design and Human Factors Analysis – a Case Study." July 2021 40, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 556–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.2103.10.

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Global competitiveness leads industry to meet the customer needs by short lead time to market and quality products with low prices. Survival in such a market can be accomplished by either adopting latest technologies or improving the existing systems to the best possible level. Acquiring these technologies need heavy investments and consistent demands due to which small and medium industries skip this option and tend to opt for other choice that is: improve the existing system. Material handling activities contributes a significant investment in production cost. Effective handling system reduces total production cost while considering ergonomics issues improves the productivity. This paper presents a conceptual framework with material handling systems design and the effects of human factors to improve productivity by reducing cost and optimizing quality. The framework provides a general methodology for analyzing a manufacturing/production line. Procedure for its implementation is discussed in a hierarchical way and finally the framework is used to analyze the production lines of a petrochemical industry. The analysis results in successful improvement of the process with 15% increase in overall manufacturing cycle efficiency.

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Rouzaud, A., M. Cartier, J.-C. Souriau, G. Simon, J. Brun, and G. Pares. "Packaging for medical and wellness applications." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2016, no. 1 (October 1, 2016): 000139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2016-wa11.

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Abstract Wellness and medical area are today identified among the next big markets, and the associated roadmaps show a global trend from the benchtop to portable devices then to longer term wearable and implantable devices. For these last devices new packaging technologies need to be developed in order to satisfy both size reduction, important reliability constraints, and moderate/low costs. Two divergent identified markets have been identified:-Consumerist healthcare market associated to high volume and low cost manufacturing,-Professional healthcare market associated to low volume and high cost manufacturing. Based on these findings, we will present in this paper the main new packaging technologies developed at Léti to fit with the constraints of these markets:-In the field of wearable devices: an innovative package designed to be integrated in textiles offering low interaction with material structure and compatible with standard textile tooling and package-winding machines. A specific example of RFID tags will be presented.-In the field of implantable devices: an advanced implantable low profile silicon box for SiP including a MEMS chip and its ASIC. The emphasis will be put on the tests needed to satisfy the different constraints linked to implantability (biostability, biocompatibility).-Lastly, some generic building blocks for soft packaging will be presented, as well as the main trends in their use.

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Jung, Woo-Kyun, Dong-Ryul Kim, Hyunsu Lee, Tae-Hun Lee, Insoon Yang, Byeng D. Youn, Daniel Zontar, Matthias Brockmann, Christian Brecher, and Sung-Hoon Ahn. "Appropriate Smart Factory for SMEs: Concept, Application and Perspective." International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing 22, no. 1 (December 8, 2020): 201–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12541-020-00445-2.

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AbstractIn the manufacturing industry, the smart factory is considered the final stage of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Manufacturing companies are pursuing breakthroughs by introducing various advanced technologies to ensure their competitiveness. However, it is difficult for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to adopt smart-factory technologies, owing to financial and technical burdens. This paper proposes a smart factory that can be applied technically and strategically to the introduction of a smart factory for SMEs. The concept of an ‘appropriate smart factory’ involves applying appropriate measures in terms of cost and scale with consideration of the situations faced by SMEs. The goal is to build a smart factory that has necessary functions (Essential) but can be easily operated (Simple) at a low cost (Affordable) and has compatibility (Interoperable). This paper presents technical application measures such as appropriate smart sensors, appropriate IoT (Internet of Things), and small data processing, along with the definition of an appropriate smart factory. In addition, a case study was examined where the quality inspection equipment for garment manufacturing SMEs was developed by applying the appropriate smart factory concept.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Low-cost technologies for manufacturing turbogenerators'

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