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Academic literature on the topic 'Lots de graphes de tâches'
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Journal articles on the topic "Lots de graphes de tâches"
N'takpé, Tchimou. "Heuristiques d'ordonnancement en deux étapes de graphes de tâches parallèles." Techniques et sciences informatiques 28, no. 1 (January 30, 2009): 75–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/tsi.28.75-99.
Full textGarcia-Debanc, Claudine, Myriam Bras, and Laure Vieu. "Annotation de la cohérence dans des textes d’élèves et jugements de cohérence d’enseignants du primaire." SHS Web of Conferences 186 (2024): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202418603003.
Full textBeauprez, Ellie, Anne-Cécile Caron, Maxime Morge, and Jean-Christophe Routier. "Délégation de lots de tâches pour la réduction de la durée moyenne de réalisation." Revue Ouverte d'Intelligence Artificielle 4, no. 2 (July 4, 2023): 193–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.5802/roia.62.
Full textPelletier, Caroline, Lise Desmarais, and Nathalie Cadieux. "Contrat psychologique, pratiques managériales et bouleversements organisationnels : mieux s’adapter." Ad machina, no. 6 (December 22, 2022): 131–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1522/radm.no6.1508.
Full textFoucambert, Denis, Tracy Heranic, Christophe Leblay, Maarit Mutta, and Minjing Zhong. "Intégration de la visualisation dans l’analyse de processus complexes : écritures et réécritures dans un corpus multilingue universitaire." SHS Web of Conferences 138 (2022): 06010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202213806010.
Full textTayou Djamegni, Clémentin. "Exécution d'un graphe cubique de tâches sur un réseau bi-dimensionnel et asymptotiquement optimal." Revue Africaine de la Recherche en Informatique et Mathématiques Appliquées Volume 4, 2006 (October 12, 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.46298/arima.1848.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Lots de graphes de tâches"
Simon, Bertrand. "Ordonnancement de graphes de tâches sur des plates-formes de calcul modernes." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEN022/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with three main themes linked to task graph scheduling on modern computing platforms. A graph of tasks is a classical model of a program to be executed, for instance a scientific application. The decomposition of an application into several tasks allows to exploit the potential parallelism of this application without adaptating the program to the computing platform. The graph describes the tasks as well as their dependences, some tasks cannot be initiated before others are completed. The execution of an application is then determined by a schedule of the graph, computed by a dedicated software, which in particular describes which resources should be allocated to each task at which time. The three studied themes are the following: exploit inner task parallelism, use accelerators such as GPUs, and cope with a limited memory.For some applications, two types of parallelism can be exploited: several tasks can be executed concurrently, and each task may be executed on several processors, which reduces its processing time. We propose and study two models allowing to describe this processing time acceleration, in order to efficiently exploit both types of parallelism.We then study how to efficiently use accelerators such as GPUs, in a dynamic context in which the future tasks to schedule are unknown. The main difficulty consists in deciding whether a task should be executed on one of the rare available accelerators or on one of the many classical processors. The last theme covered in this thesis deals with a available main memory of limited size, and the resort to expensive data transfers. We focused on two scenarios. If it is possible to avoid such transfers, we propose to modify the graph in order to guarantee that any execution fits in memory, which allows to dynamically schedule the graph at runtime. If every schedule needs transfers, we studied how to minimize their quantity.The work on these three themes has led to a better understanding of the underlying complexities. The proposed theoretical solutions will influence future software implementations
Loi, Michel. "Outils pour la construction de graphes de tâches acycliques à gros grain." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10260.
Full textBerger, Karl-Eduard. "Placement de graphes de tâches de grande taille sur architectures massivement multicoeurs." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLV026/document.
Full textThis Ph.D thesis is devoted to the study of the mapping problem related to massively parallel embedded architectures. This problem arises from industrial needs like energy savings, performance demands for synchronous dataflow applications. This problem has to be solved considering three criteria: heuristics should be able to deal with applications with various sizes, they must meet the constraints of capacities of processors and they have to take into account the target architecture topologies. In this thesis, tasks are organized in communication networks, modeled as graphs. In order to determine a way of evaluating the efficiency of the developed heuristics, mappings, obtained by the heuristics, are compared to a random mapping. This comparison is used as an evaluation metric throughout this thesis. The existence of this metric is motivated by the fact that no comparative heuristics can be found in the literature at the time of writing of this thesis. In order to address this problem, two heuristics are proposed. They are able to solve a dataflow process network mapping problem, where a network of communicating tasks is placed into a set of processors with limited resource capacities, while minimizing the overall communication bandwidth between processors. They are applied on task graphs where weights of tasks and edges are unitary set. The first heuristic, denoted as Task-wise Placement, places tasks one after another using a notion of task affinities. The second algorithm, named Subgraph-wise Placement, gathers tasks in small groups then place the different groups on processors using a notion of affinities between groups and processors. These algorithms are tested on tasks graphs with grid or logic gates network topologies. Obtained results are then compared to an algorithm present in the literature. This algorithm maps task graphs with moderated size on massively parallel architectures. In addition, the random based mapping metric is used in order to evaluate results of both heuristics. Then, in a will to address problems that can be found in industrial cases, application cases are widen to tasks graphs with tasks and edges weights values similar to those that can be found in the industry. A progressive construction heuristic named Regret Based Approach, based on game theory, is proposed. This heuristic maps tasks one after another. The costs of mapping tasks according to already mapped tasks are computed. The process of task selection is based on a notion of regret, present in game theory. The task with the highest value of regret for not placing it, is pointed out and is placed in priority. In order to check the strength of the algorithm, many types of task graphs (grids, logic gates networks, series-parallel, random, sparse matrices) with various size are generated. Tasks and edges weights are randomly chosen using a bimodal law parameterized in order to have similar values than industrial applications. Obtained results are compared to the Task Wise placement, especially adapted for non-unitary values. Moreover, results are evaluated using the metric defined above
Kamoun, Soumaya. "Ordonnancement distribué temps réel sérialisable de tâches : étude de faisabilité." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000VERS0018.
Full textHantz, Fabien. "Plate-forme pair-à-pair pour l'exécution d'applications exprimables sous la forme de graphes de dépendances de tâches." Besançon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BESA2077.
Full textA lot of resources are still under-used or unused for a long period of time whereas number of users needs computational power. The suggested solutions in order to use these resources usually concern multiparameter-applications where all users download and perform the same application on different data partitions. The systems which take in charge the dependences between tasks usually do it interfacing a traditional computing system. The outcome is some large and costly comings and goings of intermediary results between the client, servers and workers. From these observations, we have specified the HiPoP (Highly Distributed Platform of Computing) platform which, on the one hand, permits to submit its own specific applications and on the other hand to model them with DAG. We have also worked on fundamental characteristics of the platform such as fault tolerance that we managed resorting to task duplicates, and the users' resource security that we put in HDS (HiPoP Dynamic Sandbox). Another aspect we have strongly stressed is the system ease of use. Indeed, numbers of systems provide interesting functionalities but are only used by advanced users because of the system complexity: installation of the system and of its software dependences, configuration and utilization. Although our platform, which is devoid of matchmaker and of optimum scheduler, is very straightforward, HiPoP has shown, comparatively to other platforms managing dependences between tasks, some great aptitudes to manage DAG having a lot of dependences and having tasks from several seconds to one hour length
Gurhem, Jérôme. "Paradigmes de programmation répartie et parallèle utilisant des graphes de tâches pour supercalculateurs post-pétascale." Thesis, Lille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUI005.
Full textSince the middle of the 1990s, message passing libraries are the most used technology to implement parallel and distributed applications. However, they may not be a solution efficient enough on exascale machines since scalability issues will appear due to the increase in computing resources. Task-based programming models can be used, for example, to avoid collective communications along all the resources like reductions, broadcast or gather by transforming them into multiple operations on tasks. Then, these operations can be scheduled by the scheduler to place the data and computations in a way that optimize and reduce the data communications. The main objective of this thesis is to study what must be task-based programming for scientific applications and to propose a specification of such distributed and parallel programming, by experimenting for several simplified representations of important scientific applications for TOTAL, and classical dense and sparse linear methods.During the dissertation, several programming languages and paradigms are studied. Dense linear methods to solve linear systems, sequences of sparse matrix vector product and the Kirchhoff seismic pre-stack depth migration are studied and implemented as task-based applications. A taxonomy, based on several of these languages and paradigms is proposed.Software were developed using these programming models for each simplified application. As a result of these researches, a methodology for parallel task programming is proposed, optimizing data movements, in general, and for targeted scientific applications, in particular
Lambert, Alain. "Planification de tâches sûres pour robot mobile par prise en compte des incertitudes et utilisation de cartes locales." Compiègne, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998COMP1142.
Full textWillaume, Pierre. "Modélisation de formes 3D par les graphes pour leur reconnaissance : application à la vision 3D en robotique dans des tâches de "Pick-and-Place"." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAD041/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to design an automatic system involving one or several cameras capable of detecting in three dimensions a set of abjects placed in a bin. To do this, we must model, recognize and locate shapes in an image. First, we propose a solution to optimize the camera calibration system. This is an essential task for the retrieval of quantitative information about the captured images. However, the current methods require specific skills in image processing, which are not always available in industry. We propose to automate and optimize the calibration system by eliminating the selection of images by the operator. Second, we propose to improve the detection systems for thin and featureless abjects. Finally, we propose to adapt evolutionary algorithms to optimize search times
König, Jean-Claude. "Les réseaux d'interconnexion et les algorithmes distribués." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112069.
Full textThis thesis contains two parts. Ln the first one we study interconnection networks and in particular their fault tolerance. The first chapter deals with the extensions of networks. We construct networks with given connectivity and maximum degree by adding the vertices p by p. In such a way that the minimum number possible of links is deleted. Ln chapter 2 we study the vulnerability of bus networks; this leads us to study various notions of connectivity in uniform hypergraphs. The second part concerns distributed algorithms, in particular problems of broadcasting and routing. Chapter 3 deals with the problem of broadcasting information or requests in a distributed net work. We give a new algorithm to construct a spanning tree and apply it to the problem of mutual exclusion. We use methods of control knowledge transfers and also synchronization and filtering methods. Ln chapter 4 we present a "meta-algorithm" based on the notion of phases. Furthermore we specify the use and the importance of the network topology in the distributed computing. Ln these two chapters we determine the complexity in number or messages and time of the proposed algorithms. Finally we give in the appendix a scheduling algorithm for parallel computing which is optimal for the 2-sceps precedence graph (Gaussian elimination in dense matrices)
Papin, Jean-Charles. "A Scheduling and Partitioning Model for Stencil-based Applications on Many-Core Devices." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLN032/document.
Full textComputing capability of largest computing centers is still increasing: from a few hundred of cores in the90's, they can now exceed several million of cores! Their infrastructure also evolves: it is no longerlinear, but fully hierarchical.High Performance applications, well used by the scientific community, require on tools that allow themto efficiently and fully use computing resources.Numerical simulations mostly rely on large computations chains for which the cost (computing load), either acomputing time or a memory access time, can strongly vary over time: it is referred to as dynamic computing loadevolution.In this thesis, we propose to study actual data partitioning and computing scheduling tools, and to explore theirlimitations with regards to strong and repetitive load variation as well as the still increasing cluster hierarchy.We will then propose a new scheduling and partitioning model, based on physical interactions, particularlysuitable to regular mesh based applications that produce strong computing load variations over time.We will then compare our model against well-known and widely used graph partitioning tools and we will see thereasons that make this model more reliable for such parallel and distributed applications.Lastly, we will propose a multi-level scheduling interface that is specially designed to allow to use ourmodel in even more hierarchical clusters