Journal articles on the topic 'Loss-in-Weight Feeder'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Loss-in-Weight Feeder.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Loss-in-Weight Feeder.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Hopkins, Mark. "Loss in Weight Feeder Systems." Measurement and Control 39, no. 8 (October 2006): 237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002029400603900801.
Full text
2
Engisch, William E., and Fernando J. Muzzio. "Method for characterization of loss-in-weight feeder equipment." Powder Technology 228 (September 2012): 395–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2012.05.058.
Full text
3
Peterwitz, Moritz, Sina Gerling, and Gerhard Schembecker. "Challenges in tracing material flow passing a loss-in-weight feeder in continuous manufacturing processes." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 612 (January 2022): 121304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121304.
Full text
4
WADA, Kenzo, Hiroshi ITO, and Eiji MORIMOTO. "Control of the Outflow Quantity Discharged Pulsatingly from a Loss in Weight Type Feeder." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 58, no. 545 (1992): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.58.120.
Full text
5
Li, Tianyi, James V. Scicolone, Eric Sanchez, and Fernando J. Muzzio. "Identifying a Loss-in-Weight Feeder Design Space Based on Performance and Material Properties." Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation 15, no. 3 (June 3, 2019): 482–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12247-019-09394-4.
Full text
6
El Kassem, Bilal, Thomas Brinz, Vahid Jenkouk, Yousef Heider, and Bernd Markert. "Design of a vertical Loss-in-Weight feeder prototype with experimental proof of concept validation." Pharmaceutical Development and Technology 26, no. 5 (April 19, 2021): 559–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10837450.2021.1901915.
Full text
7
Spire, M. F., J. M. Sargeant, and James S. Drouillard. "Effects of sickness on weight gain and radiant energy loss in recently received feeder cattle." Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 73–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.1805.
Full text
8
Yadav, Indrajeetsinh K., James Holman, Elizabeth Meehan, Furqan Tahir, Jiyi Khoo, Julian Taylor, Antonio Benedetti, Opeyemi Aderinto, and Gurjit Bajwa. "Influence of material properties and equipment configuration on loss-in-weight feeder performance for drug product continuous manufacture." Powder Technology 348 (April 2019): 126–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2019.01.071.
Full text
9
Basarab, J. A., J. R. Brethour, D. R. Zobell, and B. Graham. "Sorting feeder cattle with a system that integrates ultrasound backfat and marbling estimates with a model that maximizes feedlot profitability in value-based marketing." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 79, no. 3 (September 1, 1999): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a98-094.
Full textAbstract:
Studies were conducted to evaluate a feeder cattle sorting system for tracking future carcass merit. The Kansas State University (KSU) sorting system combines initial body weight, ultrasound backfat thickness and marbling score with economic data to project the number of days on feed that will maximize profitability. The KSU sorting system was applied, 3 to 4 mo before slaughter, on 4101 yearling steers at two large feedlots located in southern Alberta. In Feedlot 1, steers averaging 408.7 kg (SD = 45.2 kg) were randomly assigned to two treatment groups: sorted by weight (control; n = 856) and sorted by the KSU sorting system (n = 849). In Feedlot 2, steers averaging 494.4 kg (SD = 42.3 kg) were randomly assigned to two treatment groups: not sorted (control; n = 798) and sorted by the KSU sorting system (n = 1598). Whole pens were marketed when the majority of steers in the pen approached the carcass weight and grade characteristics required for optimal return. The KSU sorted steers gained 0.12 kg d−1 faster at Feedlot 1 (P = 0.043) and 0.05 kg d−1 faster at Feedlot 2 (P = 0.036) than control steers. Feed intake, feed efficiency, death loss, warm carcass weight, backfat thickness, l. dorsi area, marbling score and lean meat yield were similar between sorting systems regardless of feedlot. The KSU sorting system reduced dark cutting (B4) carcasses to zero (0.0% KSU vs. 1.3% Control; P = 0.005) and increased AAA quality grade carcasses by 40.8% (31.4% KSU vs. 22.3% Control; P = 0.001) in Feedlot 1. In Feedlot 2, the KSU sorting system reduced over-fat carcasses (Y3) by 47.4% (10.2% KSU vs. 19.4% Control; P = 0.001) and increased AA carcasses by 14.7% (52.3% KSU vs. 45.6% Control; P = 0.003). These changes resulted in the KSU sorted steers being more profitable than control steers by $27.67 head−1 in Feedlot 1 and $15.22 head−1 in Feedlot 2. The increased net return was primarily due to improved weight gains and a more desirable distribution of carcass yield and quality grades. Key words: Ultrasound, carcass uniformity, steers
10
Lu, Ning, Jorge Estrada, Andrea Hanson, Carine M. Vier, Jose A. Soto, Gustavo Silva, Beau Peterson, et al. "274 Effects of Feeding Levels in Early Gestation on PIC Camborough Sows and Litter Performance." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_3 (September 21, 2022): 119–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac247.229.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Our objective was to determine the effects of increasing feeding levels for PIC Camborough sows during early gestation on sow and litter performance. A total of 636 sows (PIC Camborough) were randomly assigned at weaning to 1 of 4 treatments that were balanced for weight and caliper scores within parity categories. Treatments consisted of feeding sows with daily feed allowances to meet 85, 115, 145, or 175% of the NRC (2012) maintenance metabolizable energy (MEm) requirement calculated as MEm, kcal/d = 100 × (body weight, kg)0.75. A common corn-soybean meal-distillers dried grains with solubles-based diet with 3,092 kcal of ME/kg and 0.64% standardized ileal digestible lysine was used. Treatments were applied from d 6 to 35 of gestation, after which sows were moved to gestation pens and fed according to body condition through an electronic sow feeder until moved to the farrowing room. Sow was the experimental unit and data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models with the lmer and glmer functions of R. On average, females were ideal condition at weaning across treatment as determined by the caliper scores. Average feed allowances were 1.6, 2.1, 2.6, and 3.2 kg/day for the 85, 115, 145, and 175% treatments, respectively. Increasing feed allowances reduced (linear, P< 0.05) body weight loss (-13.8, -10.3, -4.7 and -0.5 kg, respectively) and increased caliper score gain (-0.43, -0.03, 0.64, 0.76 units, respectively) from weaning to d 35 of gestation. There was no evidence for treatment effects on farrowing rate, total born, stillborn rate, average litter weight, piglet throughput, or subsequent reproductive performance. In summary, increasing feed allowances to meet 85 to 175% of the MEm requirements during early gestation on Camborough sows resulted in a reduction in body weight loss and an improvement in caliper gain until d 35 of gestation without evidence of impact in reproductive performance.
11
Cernicchiaro, N., B. J. White, D. G. Renter, A. H. Babcock, L. Kelly, and R. Slattery. "Effects of body weight loss during transit from sale barns to commercial feedlots on health and performance in feeder cattle cohorts arriving to feedlots from 2000 to 20081." Journal of Animal Science 90, no. 6 (June 1, 2012): 1940–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2011-4600.
Full text
12
Akinsanya, Aminat Korede, Steve Olaoluwa Afolami, Peter Kulakow, and Danny Coyne. "The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, profoundly affects the production of popular biofortified cassava cultivars." Nematology 22, no. 6 (July 14, 2020): 667–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00003331.
Full textAbstract:
Summary Despite being the single largest cassava-producing country, yields in Nigeria remain consistently poor and among the lowest. Regionally, yields are also particularly low across Africa. Pests and pathogens, including plant-parasitic nematodes, play an important role in this current yield deficit. African countries are not only faced with the problem of food security but also that of nutritional deficiency, due to limited micronutrients in the diet. In this study, six biofortified cultivars were evaluated for their response to inoculation with approximately 30 000 root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) eggs in 30 l pots in Nigeria. All cassava cultivars proved highly susceptible to M. incognita infection after 6 months, with nematode reproduction factor ranging from 7.0 to 44.8. Galling was common on feeder roots and gall index scores were recorded between 4 to 5 (on a scale of 1-5 where 5 ⩽ 100 galls). Meloidogyne incognita infection significantly reduced plant height, stem girth, fresh plant mass, fresh storage root number and storage root weight. Percentage yield loss of between 41.8-88.4% was recorded in M. incognita-infected plants compared with non-infected controls. Although M. incognita reduced storage root weight, it did not necessarily affect the nutritional quality (total carotenoid) or dry weight percentage of the biofortified cassava cultivars. Total carotenoid and dry weight contents of the control cultivar were similar to some of the biofortified cultivars. The high susceptibility of the biofortified cassava cultivars to M. incognita infection indicates that substantial yield losses are likely being experienced by farmers, as this nematode pest is prevalent across sub-Saharan Africa and the tropics.
13
Wu, F., K. R. Vierck, J. M. DeRouchey, T. G. O'Quinn, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, S. S. Dritz, and J. C. Woodworth. "A review of heavy weight market pigs: status of knowledge and future needs assessment1." Translational Animal Science 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/tas2016.0004.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Marketing weight is an important economic variable that impacts the productivity and profitability of finishing pig production. Marketing weight has been increasing worldwide over the past decades driven by the dilution of fixed production cost over more weight per pig and the improvement of genetic selection of lean-type pigs. This review was aimed to summarize current knowledge and assess the future research needs on producing finishing pigs with marketing weight greater than 130 kg. Based on a thorough literature review, increasing marketing weight affected overall pig growth; in particular, cumulative average daily gain (ADG) decreased by 4.0 g, average daily feed intake (ADFI) increased by 78.1 g, and gain-to-feed ratio (G:F) decreased by 0.011 for every 10 kg increase of marketing weight. Increasing marketing weight by 10 kg increased carcass yield by 0.41% units, backfat by 1.8 mm, longissimus muscle (LM) area by 1.9 cm2, carcass length by 2.2 cm, and belly yield by 0.32% units, but decreased percentage of fat-free-lean by 0.78 units and decreased loin, shoulder, and ham yields by 0.13, 0.16, and 0.17% units, respectively. Studies that investigated the effects of marketing weight on pork quality observed decreased pH by 0.02 and 0.01 at 45 min and 24 h postmortem, respectively, and increased a* value by 0.28 per 10 kg marketing weight increase. Heavier market pigs had increased concentrations of saturated fatty acids and intramuscular fat. However, studies reported conflicting results for L* and b* values, drip loss, Warner-Bratzler shear force, and sensory properties of pigs in response to increasing marketing weight. A limited amount of research has been conducted to estimate nutrient requirements for pigs greater than 140 kg. Increased weight and size of heavy pigs can create challenges to farm and packer facilities and equipment. Discussions and recommendations are provided concerning the adjustments for floor and feeder space, barn design, ventilation, disease control, transportation, and carcass processing needed for increasing marketing weight. In conclusion, increasing marketing weight creates both opportunities and challenges to current finishing pig production, and future research is needed to provide nutritional and management guidelines and improve feed efficiency and meat quality of heavy weight market pigs.
14
Rajão, Daniela S., Diego H. Couto, Marcela R. Gasparini, Adrienny T. R. Costa, Jenner K. P. Reis, Zélia I. P. Lobato, Roberto M. C. Guedes, and Rômulo C. Leite. "Diagnosis and clinic-pathological findings of influenza virus infection in Brazilian pigs." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33, no. 1 (January 2013): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2013000100006.
Full textAbstract:
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a respiratory pathogen of pigs and is associated with the porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC), along with other respiratory infectious agents. The aim of this study was to diagnose and to perform a clinic-pathological characterization of influenza virus infection in Brazilian pigs. Lung samples from 86 pigs in 37 farrow-to-finish and two farrow-to-feeder operations located in the States of Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, and Mato Grosso were studied. Virus detection was performed by virus isolation and quantitative real time reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Pathologic examination and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed in 60 lung formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue fragments. Affected animals showed coughing, sneezing, nasal discharge, hyperthermia, inactivity, apathy, anorexia, weight loss and growth delay, which lasted for five to 10 days. Influenza virus was isolated from 31 (36.0%) lung samples and 36 (41.9%) were positive for qRT-PCR. Thirty-eight (63.3%) lung samples were positive by IHC and the most frequent microscopic lesion observed was inflammatory infiltrate in the alveoli, bronchiole, or bronchi wall or lumen (76.7%). These results indicate that influenza virus is circulating and causing disease in pigs in several Brazilian states.
15
Showler, Allan T., Weste L. A. Osbrink, and Kimberly H. Lohmeyer. "Horn Fly, Haematobia irritans irritans (L.), Overwintering." International Journal of Insect Science 6 (January 2014): IJIS.S15246. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/ijis.s15246.
Full textAbstract:
The horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans (L.), is an ectoparasitic blood feeder mainly on cattle. Its cosmopolitan distribution extends from boreal and grassland regions in northern and southern latitudes to the tropics. Stress and blood loss from horn flies can reduce cattle weight gain and milk production. Horn flies show substantial plasticity in their response to winter. Populations in warmer, lower latitudes have been reported to overwinter in a state of dormancy, but most overwinter as active adults in normal or reduced numbers. As latitudes increase, winters are generally colder, and correspondingly, larger percentages of horn fly populations become dormant as pharate adults (a post-pupal, pre-emergent stage) or die. Reports on the effect of elevation on horn fly dormancy at high elevations were contradictory. When it occurs, dormancy takes place beneath cattle dung pats and in the underlying soil. The horn fly's mode of dormancy is commonly called diapause, but the collective research on horn fly diapause (behavioral and biochemical) is not conclusive. Understanding the horn fly's overwintering behaviors can lead to development of pre-dormancy insecticide spray strategies in colder latitudes while other strategies must be determined for warmer regions.
16
Symeon, George K., Anastasios Athanasiou, Nikos Lykos, Maria A. Charismiadou, Michael Goliomytis, Nikos Demiris, Anna Ayoutanti, Panagiotis E. Simitzis, and Stelios G. Deligeorgis. "The Effects of Dietary Cinnamon (Cinnamomum Zeylanicum) Oil Supplementation on Broiler Feeding Behaviour, Growth Performance, Carcass Traits and Meat Quality Characteristics." Annals of Animal Science 14, no. 4 (October 1, 2014): 883–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2014-0047.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with cinnamon oil on growth performance, behaviour, carcass traits and meat quality of broilers. One hundred and thirty-five Cobb 700 day-old broiler chickens were randomly assigned into three equal treatment groups with three replicates (pens) of fifteen chickens each. The dietary treatments consisted of the basal diet as control (C) and basal diet supplemented with 0.5 (C1) or 1.0 (C2) ml of cinnamon oil per kg of feed. On day 49, 5 birds from each pen (15 per treatment) were slaughtered and the pectoralis major muscle samples were collected for meat quality evaluation. No effect of cinnamon oil supplementation on the probability of a bird standing at the feeder or the drinker was observed until the age of 17 days. Moreover, cinnamon oil supplementation did not affect body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio. No significant differences were also found in internal organs’ weights and carcass characteristics among the treatments, although cold carcass weight was the lightest in the C1 group. At the same time, colour parameters, pH24, cooking loss, intramuscular fat and shear values were not affected by diets. The extent of lipid oxidation in raw pectoralis major muscle stored at 4ºC for up to 9 days or at -20ºC for up to 6 months was also not influenced by the dietary treatment. The present findings suggest that cinnamon oil at the selected concentrations may not have the potential to improve broiler growth performance, carcass and meat quality characteristics.
17
Davis, Paul G. "The taphonomy of birds." Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200006420.
Full textAbstract:
The taphonomy of birds can be investigated with actualistic studies complemented by reviewing Konversat Lagerstätten such as Messel, Green River and Solnhofen.Two field sites were chosen in southern Florida: 1, a freshwater (16–23 ppt salinity) environment in which biogenic carbonate muds were being deposited and 2, a marine (30–34 ppt salinity) environment in which pyritous carbonate muds were being deposited. Ninety-six specimens (36 genera, 40 species) were used in this study (these were obtained from a wildlife centre where they died of natural causes). Experiments were set up in both marine and freshwater sites in the following categories: large protected, unprotected; small protected, unprotected. Protected specimens were placed in metal cages coated with small mesh (1.5mm2) nylon netting.The specimens were allowed to degrade under natural conditions. The following variables were recorded daily over a seventy day period: air and water temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind and current speed and direction, salinity, dissolved oxygen content, pH, and water depth. Specimens from each of the eight categories were sampled at day 1, 4, 7, 11, 28, 56, and 70.Scavengers play a major role in the early taphonomic processes. Unprotected specimens were rapidly removed from the study area by large predators such as alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) and American crocodiles (Crocodylus actus), and Turkey vultures (Cathartes aura). Even protected specimens were prone to attack by more “intelligent” large scavengers such as racoons. Smaller predators include crayfish in the freshwater site and the carnivorous gastropods (Crown conch) in the marine environment. The Crown conch was observed to be a voracious feeder and large numbers rapidly strip all flesh from any carcass within reach of the bottom.Decay proceeds rapidly in the warm waters of the field sites. Within the carcasses temperatures approach optimum bacterial temperatures and large bacterial colonies form within muscle blocks after only one day. The initial decay of the muscle fibres is also rapid (one day) as the muscle myofibrils start to break into short lengths and the myoseptum starts to disintegrate, and has totally disappeared after seven to fourteen days (depending on the initial mass of the bird).From graphs showing plots of percentage weight loss (weight loss as a percentage of original weight) versus time decay can be seen to follow an exponential curve ie. most rapid decay occurs early (as soft tissues decay) then weight loss slows down (after 10 days for small specimens and 28 days for large specimens) as by this time nearly all but the most resistant soft tissues have decayed and the weight loss is due to the removal of skeletal matter to the sedimentary record. Feathers are resistant to the initial stages of decay and the primary and secondary feathers remain attached to the wing bones for up to twenty-eight days even when the soft tissues have been totally removed.The results of the decay experiments have provided directly comparable specimens to those that can be found within the fossil record. This comparison of fossil and modern analogues allows a series of taphonomic thresholds to be defined in the fossilisation of birds.
18
Lee, T. L., C. D. Reinhardt, S. J. Bartle, C. I. Vahl, M. Siemens, and D. U. Thomson. "Assessment of risk factors contributing to carcass bruising in fed cattle at commercial slaughter facilities." Translational Animal Science 1, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/tas2017.0055.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Cattle injuries can occur during transportation due to vehicle design, transport conditions, and loading or unloading procedures and lead to carcass bruising and economic loss due to decreased carcass value. The objectives of this study were to determine whether a relationship exists between trauma incurred during unloading and prevalence of carcass bruising in finished beef cattle at commercial slaughter facilities and determine related risk factors which contribute to both trauma and carcass bruising. Breed (classified as either Holstein cattle or beef breeds), sex, distance traveled, and trailer type (“fat/feeder combination” vs. “fat” trailer) were considered risk factors which may contribute to traumatic event prevalence. When carcass bruise prevalence within each lot was used as the dependent variable, breed, sex, distance traveled, traumatic event prevalence, ribeye area, fat thickness, yield grade, and average carcass weight were considered potential risk factors. Carcass bruises were categorized by location and size, according to the Harvest Audit Program Carcass Bruise Scoring System. Traumatic events were observed while cattle exited trailers onto the unloading docks, and were categorized by location on the animal. Average traumatic event prevalence per lot was 20.4% (± 1.11%). Average carcass bruise prevalence by lot was 68.2% (± 1.15%). There was an interaction between breed and trailer type when multiple linear regression was used to explore variables contributing to traumatic events observed at unloading (P ≤ 0.05). Traumatic events were not associated with prevalence of carcass bruising, while average carcass weight and breed were associated with carcass bruising prevalence. Carcass bruising was more prevalent in Holstein cattle than in cattle which were predominantly beef breeds (P ≤ 0.01). Average carcass weight was negatively associated with carcass bruise prevalence (P ≤ 0.05). The association between traumatic events at unloading and carcass bruising is not significant when multiple variables are considered, indicating that bruising may occur at numerous other points prior to and during the transportation process, including loading and transport, and that other variables can contribute to carcass bruise prevalence. These areas should be explored to determine all potential causes of bruising in beef carcasses, and to help implement prevention practices.
19
Whittaker, X., S. A. Edwards, H. A. M. Spoolder, S. Corning, and A. B. Lawrence. "The performance of group-housed sows offered a high fibre diet ad libitum." Animal Science 70, no. 1 (February 2000): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800051626.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAs a part of a study investigating the extent to which ad libitum feeding of a high fibre diet could mitigate behavioural problems associated with food restriction, the performance of sows given food at restricted or ad libitum levels was compared. Ten subgroups of five were allocated to each of the restricted (R) and ad libitum (A) feeding regimes. Five weeks after service, subgroups were introduced into one of two dynamic groups of sows housed in adjacent straw-bedded pens. R sows received a fixed daily ration (parity 1: 2·2 kg; parity 2: 2·4 kg) of a conventional pregnancy diet (13·1 MJ digestible energy per kg) from an electronic sow feeder. Sows on the A regime had unrestricted access to five single-space hoppers dispensing a high fibre diet (containing 600 g unmolassed sugar beet pulp per kg). Subgroups were maintained on these gestation feeding regimes for two consecutive parities. During both parities, A sows were heavier by day 50 of gestation (parity 1: P < 0·05; parity 2: P < 0·01) and at farrowing (parity 1: P < 0·001; parity 2: P < 0·001) than R sows. No difference was found between feeding regime in sow weight at weaning, due to a greater weight loss during lactation of A (parity 1: P < 0·001; parity 2: P < 0·001) than R sows. No difference was found between feeding regime in sow backfat thickness, sow reproductive performance or litter performance in either parity. This suggests that unmolassed sugar beet pulp diets may be used to feed sows on an ad libitum basis during gestation without compromising productivity. However, food intakes may be too high (estimated at 4·1 kg per sow per day) to make ad libitum feeding of pregnant sows an attractive option for producers.
20
Rajendran, Arulraj, and Kumarappan Narayanan. "A novel multi-objective hybrid WIPSO-GSA algorithm-based optimal DG and capacitor planning for techno-economic benefits in radial distribution system." International Journal of Energy Sector Management 13, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 98–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-01-2018-0007.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThis paper aims to optimally plan distributed generation (DG) and capacitor in distribution network by optimizing multiple conflicting operational objectives simultaneously so as to achieve enhanced operation of distribution system. The multi-objective optimization problem comprises three important objective functions such as minimization of total active power loss (Plosstotal), reduction of voltage deviation and balancing of current through feeder sections.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, a hybrid configuration of weight improved particle swarm optimization (WIPSO) and gravitational search algorithm (GSA) called hybrid WIPSO-GSA algorithm is proposed in multi-objective problem domain. To solve multi-objective optimization problem, the proposed hybrid WIPSO-GSA algorithm is integrated with two components. The first component is fixed-sized archive that is responsible for storing a set of non-dominated pareto optimal solutions and the second component is a leader selection strategy that helps to update and identify the best compromised solution from the archive.FindingsThe proposed methodology is tested on standard 33-bus and Indian 85-bus distribution systems. The results attained using proposed multi-objective hybrid WIPSO-GSA algorithm provides potential technical and economic benefits and its best compromised solution outperforms other commonly used multi-objective techniques, thereby making it highly suitable for solving multi-objective problems.Originality/valueA novel multi-objective hybrid WIPSO-GSA algorithm is proposed for optimal DG and capacitor planning in radial distribution network. The results demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed technique in improved distribution system planning and operation and also in achieving better optimized results than other existing multi-objective optimization techniques.
21
Kang, In-Jae, Sung-Min Moon, Joon Ho Kwon, and Daehie Hong. "A Control System Using Butterworth Filter for Loss-in-Weight Feeders." Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering 31, no. 10 (October 1, 2014): 905–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7736/kspe.2014.31.10.905.
Full text
22
Engisch, William E., and Fernando J. Muzzio. "Feedrate deviations caused by hopper refill of loss-in-weight feeders." Powder Technology 283 (October 2015): 389–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2015.06.001.
Full text
23
Ali, Alyaa Younis, Areej Atiyah Hussein, and Najdat Shukur Mahmood. "Detection of human adenovirus 40/41 among children with some hematological disorders." Journal of Ideas in Health 2, no. 2 (November 23, 2019): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.47108/jidhealth.vol2.iss2.33.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Different parts of the world are witnessing a significant increase in the prevalence of human adenoviruses (HAdVs) diarrhea among children. This study aimed to assess the prevalence rate of HAdVs type 40 and type 41 (40/41) infections in children with diarrhea and to assess the relationship between viral infection and different socio-demographic and clinical parameters.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was recruited to analyze a convenient sample of children presented with diarrhea. Data was collected from 8th August 2018 till 6th July 2019 at Al-Batool teaching hospital for gynecology and pediatrics in Baquba city, Center of hematology in Baquba city, and the Central teaching hospital of pediatric in Baghdad. Depending on the clinical examination, patients categorized into four groups; Group I with acute diarrhea, Group II with iron deficiency anemia and diarrhea, Group III with thalassemia and diarrhea, and Group IV with leukemia and diarrhea. Each patient gave one stool sample stored in a deep freeze at -20 ̊C for further analysis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunochromatographic test used to test the samples.
Results: A total of 184 children aged one month to fifteen years have been included in this study. More than half (97, 52.7%) of children were males. The prevalence rate of HAdVs 40/41 was 4.34%. Patients in the age group ranged from one month to five years, G IV (leukemia and diarrhea), male gender, low educated mothers, and those who changed to spoon feeder are more likely to have a high prevalence of diarrhea due to HAdVs 40/41. The most top clinical sign was fever (7, 87.5%), and the lowest was the loss weight (1, 12.5%), however vomiting, abdominal pain, and dehydration seen among at least three cases.
Conclusion: Human adenovirus 40/41 appeared to play a significant role causing acute gastroenteritis among children with leukemia and less than five years old.
24
Tahir, Furqan, John Palmer, Jiyi Khoo, James Holman, Indrajeetsinh K. Yadav, Gavin Reynolds, Elizabeth Meehan, Andrew Mitchell, and Gurjit Bajwa. "Development of feed factor prediction models for loss-in-weight powder feeders." Powder Technology 364 (March 2020): 1025–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2019.09.071.
Full text
25
Hanson, Joshua. "Control of a system of loss-in-weight feeders for drug product continuous manufacturing." Powder Technology 331 (May 2018): 236–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2018.03.027.
Full text
26
Gonçalves, Saulo Romero Felix, Órion Pedro Da Silva, Mariana Lumack do Monte Barretto, Rômulo Freitas Francelino Dias, Raylson Pereira De Oliveira, Gabriela Gonçalves Da Silva, Pedro Paulo Feitosa De Albuquerque, Márcia De Figueiredo Pereira, and Andrea Alice Da Fonseca Oliveira. "Systemic Cryptococcosis in a Miniature Schnauzer Dog." Acta Scientiae Veterinariae 46 (June 17, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.86857.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Cryptococcosis is an important zoonotic disease that occurs worldwide. The disease is caused by a soilborne opportunistic fungus of the genus Cryptococcus, which can also be found in the feces of birds, especially pigeons. In Brazil, the geographical distribution of the agent is fairly defined, with the species C. gattii predominantly found in thenorth-eastern states. Diagnosis is based on the clinical history, physical examination findings, and results of complementary testing, such as cytopathological and histopathological examinations. This report aims to describe the clinical and anatomopathological findings in a case of systemic cryptococcosis in a dog.Case: A 4-year-old female Miniature Schnauzer was referred for necropsy. For 3 months prior to death, the dog had displayed generalized alopecia, pruritus, and severe weight loss, Initially, a private veterinarian had suspected leishmaniasis. Gross examination was performed and samples for cytopathology, histopathology, and fungal culture were obtained. Themacroscopic examination revealed generalized alopecia, congested mucosa, cachexia, hyperemia of the brain, and multiple white nodules measuring 0.5 cm to 4 cm in the lungs and the kidneys. None of the other organs showed significant lesions. Cytopathological examination of the nodules revealed a highly cellular sample, with a severe chronic inflammatory response, characterized by multinucleated giant cells and round-to-elliptical, yeast-shaped structures (5-10 μm), suggestive ofCryptococcus organisms. Histopathological examination of the lungs, kidneys, and brain revealed a severe diffuse chronic inflammatory process, with lymphocytic infiltration and multinucleated giant cells; countless yeast-shaped, round-to-ovoid structures (similar in appearance to “soap bubbles”) that were negative in hematoxylin-eosin stain were also present.Grocott’s methenamine silver stain was then applied, which positively stained the organism capsules black, confirming Cryptococcus. For mycological diagnosis, samples from the lungs nodules were cultured on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar supplemented with chloramphenicol 0.4% and incubated for 7 days at 25-30ºC. Abundant small, smooth, irregular-sized,cream-colored colonies were obtained, and a mycological smear, stained by India ink, was performed.Discussion: Considered an uncommon disease, canine cryptococcosis can be misdiagnosed. Clinical findings, such as alopecia, lymphadenopathy, and cutaneous nodules that may be ulcerated, are commonly seen in these patients due to the hematogenous spread of the organism. In the case described, the dog’s owner was contacted and asked to provide epidemiological information. The owner reported that the dog had lived in an apartment, with little access to the street; however, pigeons were frequently observed on the balcony, along with pigeon feces in the dog feeder. The presence of pigeon feces is a risk factor for the development and spread of the fungus, which may be problematic to public health. Cytopathological examination is a simple, quick diagnostic tool with good sensitivity for some infectious agents. Mycological culture can provide results due to the characteristic of the Cryptococcus sp., since the encapsulated yeast produces a mucous-like colony. Cryptococcosis has a relevant role in public health, so a precise diagnosis is imperative. Its diagnosis is based upon culture, cytology and serological tools. When the animal does not survive to the ilness, the association between necropsyfindings and histopathological examinations is essencial.Keywords: canine, diagnostic, yeast, anatomopathology.
27
Engler, Michael, Paul Defoor, Carter King, and Justin Gleghorn. "The impact of bovine respiratory disease: the current feedlot experience." Animal Health Research Reviews 15, no. 2 (October 29, 2014): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1466252314000139.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractMortality during the finishing phase in beef steers has increased over the last 13 years at a rate of 0.05% per year for cattle fed in Cactus Feeders’ operations. A change in the demographics of placements has also occurred, in that heavier weight cattle are being placed as compared to previous years. Morbidity rates are lower, but higher case fatality rates are observed when compared to years when lighter weight cattle were placed. More lung lesions of varying degree are documented at necropsy of new arrivals and there is greater perception of reduced response to therapy in animals identified with respiratory disease. As placement weights have increased, mortality in the early stages of the feeding period has decreased, resulting in a greater proportion of total death loss later in the period. This shift, in conjunction with an increasing long-term trend of total death loss, can lead to the interpretation of higher ‘late day mortality’. Rather than relying solely on observation and distributions of the data, Cactus Feeders believes that the development of a predictive model is better suited to address the potential of ‘late day mortality’ in confined cattle feeding operations.
28
da Palma Guerreiro, Alexandra, Cornelia Dorweiler, Laurent Kintzelé, Dunja Baatout, Malte Huelsemann, Valeska Berg, Olaf Merkel, et al. "Loss of TOSO Promotes Richter's Transformation of TCL1A Driven CLL." Blood 128, no. 22 (December 2, 2016): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.354.354.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background: The immunoglobulin-like protein TOSO, which has been found to serve as Fc receptor for IgM (FcµR), was shown by us and others to be overexpressed on CLL cells and only weakly expressed on more aggressive B-NHL. However the functional role of TOSO on lymphomagenesis has not been explored so far. Methods: To determine the role of TOSO on lymphoma development, we took advantage of the Eµ-TCL1 transgenic mice, which usually end up with an aggressive (IgVH unmutated) CLL-like phenotype. We generated a novel B cell-specific conditional knockout (KO) mouse model in which EµTCL1 mice (TC or control in the following) were crossbred with TOSO-floxed mice, expressing Cre recombinase under the control of the CD19 promoter (EµTCL1;Tosofl/fl;Cd19cre/wtor TCT in the following). TCT mice were further compared with p53 conditional knockout (EµTCL1;Tp53fl/fl;Cd19cre/wt or TCP). Results: In this study, we compared kinetics, overall survival and phenotype of lymphoma/CLL in TC, TCT and TCP mice. Interestingly, TCTmice developed a very aggressive phenotype and resulted in significantly shorter overall survival compared to TC mice (TCT 274 days vs. TC 346 days; p<0.0001). As expected, mice lacking p53 (TCP) died even more rapidly than TCT mice (median survival: TCP 233 days). Initially, all three genotypes (TC, TCT, TCP) developed a CLL phenotype, exhibiting a CD19 and CD5 positive malignant clone. In the TCT mice, shorter overall survival is accompanied by a stronger increase of blood leukocytes. Flow cytometry analysis confirmed a strong increase of leukemic CD19/CD5-positive B cells in the blood of TCT mice. With only 20 weeks of age, leukemic cells already made up 37.5 % (SD ± 15.47; n=14) of lymphocytes (TC: 14.3 % SD ± 9.81; n=31). At the age of 36 weeks, TCT mice showed even a 3.6-fold elevated malignant cell count compared to control mice (n=35 TC, n=14 TCT; p=0.006). All TCT mice developed a splenomegaly, with spleen weight (p=0.01) and size (p=0.018) significantly increased in 36 week old TCT mice (n=7) compared to TC mice (n=7) and comparable to those from TCP mice. Interestingly, between week 28 and 36, we could observe that most of the TCT mice start losing CD19+ cells in the blood in contrast to TC and TCP mice. Immunohistochemistry revealed the expansion of malignant cells with pleomorphic nuclei and abundant cytoplasm in the spleen and bone marrow, as we know it from Richter`s transformation. To understand the rapid development of leukemia in TCT mice, we first determined the role of the BCR in this model. Interestingly, flow cytometry revealed a higher surface IgM expression (MFI: TCT 9,27; TC 2,05). In addition, in vitro assays revealed a significantly higher resistance of TCT cells towards PI3K inhibition (Idelalisib and Duvelisib) compared to TC cells. To further rule out the role of TOSO under "germinal-center conditions", we stimulated primary human CLL cells with CD40L expressing feeder cells and IL-4. Interestingly, both stimuli (either alone or in combination) resulted in almost complete loss of TOSO on CLL cells. Moreover, we uncovered, that the TOSO promoter is counteractively regulated by NF-κB and BCL6. Furthermore, our data illustrate that DNA hypomethylation of the TOSO promoter is a discriminating characteristic in CLL patients compared to healthy donors, thus explaining the significantly enhanced expression levels. Thus, both, epigenetic regulation and altered NF-κB/ BCL6 expression are critical pathogenetic steps in the development of CLL and aggressive B-NHL by regulating TOSO expression. Conclusion: The transformation of CLL into more aggressive malignancies is still not fully understood. Our data reveal that the loss of TOSO might play a major role in Richter's transformation by upregulation of the BCR and by mimicking the germinal-center phenotype. Disclosures Fingerle-Rowson: Roche: Employment. Wendtner:Celgene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Mundipharma: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Hoffmann-La Roche: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Gilead: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Servier: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Morphosys: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Hallek:GSK: Research Funding; Mundipharma: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Gilead: Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Honoraria.
29
Titarsole, Jimmy, Rohny Setiawan Maail, and Jimmy Johanson Fransz. "KETAHANAN KAYU GERGAJIAN KOMERSIL DI KOTA AMBON TERHADAP SERANGAN RAYAP." JURNAL HUTAN PULAU-PULAU KECIL 3, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 186–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/jhppk.2019.3.2.186.
Full textAbstract:
This study was conducted to determine the resilience of sawn timber traded in the city of Ambon against the attack of wood destroyer organisms namely dry wood termite (Cryptotermes cynocephalus Light) and subteranian termite (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren). The results showed that from feeding 3 types of wood using 3 types of preservatives on dry wood termites, Meranti with preservatives 1 (LATREX 400 EC) has the highest level of dried wood termites (48%), while Pulai with Papaya Leaf extract has the lowest mortality rate of dry wood termites (24%). The average loss of wood weight due to dry wood termite attack ranged from 4.04 to 11.68%, where the preservatives of papaya leaf extract have the highest weight loss of 11.68%, the lowest (4.04%) on Meranti with preservatives 1 (LATREX 400 EC). The level of weight loss test sample wood feeders that have been given preservatives against soil termite attack are very different in real with the treatment of solid wood comparator (control) of each type, where the percentage of weight loss test sample of wood that uses preservatives between 11.04-18.71%, while the percentage of weight loss of solid wood Meranti, Samama, and Pulai (without preservatives) amounted to 36.39%, 46.04% and 58.65%. Commercial sawn timber in the city of Ambon is more resistant to the attack of dry wood and soil termites when given the treatment of wood preservatives.
30
Albano, Joseph P., and William B. Miller. "Ferric Ethylenediamine-tetraacetic Acid Photodegradation in a Commercially Produced Soluble Fertilizer Affects Iron Uptake in Tomato." HortTechnology 13, no. 2 (January 2003): 289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.13.2.0289.
Full textAbstract:
Irradiating a ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (FeEDTA)-containing commercially available soluble fertilizer with ultraviolet (UV) and blue radiation from high intensity discharge (HID) lamps caused the photooxidation of the FeEDTA complex, resulting in the loss of 98% of soluble iron. The loss of soluble iron coincided with the development of a precipitate that was mostly composed of iron. The effects of using an irradiated FeEDTA-containing fertilizer solution on plant growth and nutrition under commercial conditions were studied. Application of the irradiated fertilizer solutions to greenhouse grown tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum) resulted in lower levels of iron (6%) and zinc (9%), and higher levels of manganese (8%) and copper (25%) in leaf tissue compared to control plants that received a nonirradiated fertilizer solution. Leaf macronutrient levels (phosphorous, potassium, calcium, and magnesium), leaf dry weight, leaf number, and plant height was not affected by application of the irradiated fertilizer solution.
31
Bujal, Noor Ropidah, Aida Fazliana Abdul Kadir, Marizan Sulaiman, Sulastri Manap, and Mohamad Fani Sulaima. "Firefly analytical hierarchy algorithm for optimal allocation and sizing of DG in distribution network." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 13, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 1419. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i3.pp1419-1429.
Full textAbstract:
<span lang="EN-MY">Distributed generation (DG) can be beneficially allocated in distribution power systems to improve the power system's efficiency. However, specious DG's allocation and sizing may cause more power loss and voltage profile issues for distribution feeders. Therefore, optimization algorithms are vital for future intelligent power distribution network planning. Hence, this study proposes a multi-objective firefly analytical hierarchy algorithm (FAHA) for determining the optimal allocation and sizing of DG. The multi-objective function formulation is improved further by integrating analytical hierarchy process (AHP) with FA to obtain the weight of the coefficient factor (CF). The performance of the proposed approach is verified on the 118-bus radial distribution network with different bus voltage at DG location (VDG) as regulated PV-bus during load flow calculations. The calculated CF and impact of the unregulated voltage at the PV-bus on the objectives function have been analysed. The findings show that the proposed techniques could allocate the DG at the most voltage deviation while minimizing the power loss and improving the radial distribution’s voltage stability index (VSI). The experimental results indicate that the approach is able to improve the overall voltage profile, especially at PQ-buses, minimize the power loss while improving the network's stability index simultaneously.</span>
32
Nieto, R., R. M. Palmer, I. Fernández-Fígares, L. Pérez, and C. Prieto. "Effect of dietary protein quality, feed restriction and short-term fasting on protein synthesis and turnover in tissues of the growing chicken." British Journal of Nutrition 72, no. 4 (October 1994): 499–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19940054.
Full textAbstract:
The effect of dietary protein quality and quantity on fractional rates of protein synthesis (ks) and degradation (kd) in the skeletal muscle, liver, jejunum and skin of young growing chickens was studied. Chickens were either fasted overnight or were fed at frequent intervals, using continuous feeders, with equal amounts of a diet containing soya-bean meal as the sole protein source, unsupplemented, or supplemented with either lysine or methionine. Each of the three diets was provided at 2 or 0.9 × maintenance. On the higher intake, birds on the unsupplemented diet gained weight, lysine supplementation decreased and methionine supplementation increased body-weight gain (by −23% and + 22% respectively). Birds led at 0.9 × maintenance lost weight; supplementation with methionine or lysine did not influence this weight loss. None of the dietary regimens had significant effects on protein synthesis rates in any of the tissues, thus the mechanism whereby muscle mass increased in response to methionine supplementation appeared to be a decrease in the calculated rate of protein degradation. Similarly, on the 0.9 × maintenance diet the failure of the animals to grow appeared to be due to an increase in the rate of protein degradation rather than an effect on synthesis. Conversely, muscle ks was decreased in fasted chickens previously fed on the unsupplemented diet at 2 × maintenance, and in birds which had received the 0.9 × maintenance diet fasting resulted in a similar reduction in protein synthesis in muscle; ks in the liver and jejunum was also significantly decreased. The effect of fasting, unlike the effect of supplementation or restriction of the diet, appeared to be due to changes in the rate of protein synthesis.
33
Bauske, Ellen M., Suzanne M. Bissonnette, and Adrianna D. Hewings. "Yield Loss Assessment of Barley Yellow Dwarf Disease on Spring Oat in Illinois." Plant Disease 81, no. 5 (May 1997): 485–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.5.485.
Full textAbstract:
The quantitative relationship between yield of spring oat cvs. Ogle and Noble and incidence of barley yellow dwarf (BYD) disease caused by barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV-PAV-IL) was studied. Field plots were infested with Rhopalosiphum padi vectoring BYDV-PAV-IL. A linear critical point regression model was developed that related percentage of maximum yield to BYD incidence, assessed by estimating the percentage of plants with BYD symptoms at Feekes growth stage 10.5 in each plot. The model y = 96.9 - 0.45x (r2 = 0.53) best explained the relationship. Test weight was unaffected by BYD. Although Noble consistently sustained higher disease incidence than Ogle, covariate analysis indicated that the effect of BYD on yield was similar for both cultivars. Studies of random versus focus inoculation of Noble oat, designed to determine the importance of compensation in reducing yield loss associated with BYD, indicated that compensation did not play an important role.
34
Cappelli, F. Piccioli, C. J. Seal, and D. S. Parker. "Glucose and ]13C[leucine metabolism by the portal-drained viscera of sheep fed on dried grass with acute intravenous and intraduodenal infusions of glucose." British Journal of Nutrition 78, no. 6 (December 1997): 931–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19970210.
Full textAbstract:
The effect of exogenous glucose supply by either intrajugular (IJG) or intraduodenal (IDG) infusion at 2.0 mg glucose/kg body weight per min was investigated in four wether sheep (average weight 44 (sd 4) kg) chronically catheterized in the carotid artery and portal veins. Sheep were fed on a dried grass pellet diet hourly using continuous belt feeders. Whole-body glucose irreversible loss (IL) rate, measured with [6-3H[glucose, was increased by 0.5 and 0.8 of exogenous supply for IJG and IDG infusions respectively. Portal glucose utilization, measured by isotope dilution across the portal-drained viscera, was unaffected by additional glucose regardless of the route of glucose supply (P = 0.76 for control ν. glucose infusions) and was a constant proportion of glucose IL (0.28) for all treatments. Portal plasma flow was higher during IDG infusions compared with IJG infusions (1.65 ν. 1.44 litres/min, P=0.055). Circulating total free amino acid concentrations fell during glucose infusions (2146, 1808 and 1683 μmol/l for control, IJG and IDG treatments respectively, P=0.067 for treatment effect) but net portal absorption was not affected by increased glucose supply. Recovery in the portal vein of [1-13C[leucine infused into the duodenum averaged 0.65 and was not affected by increasing glucose supply to the gut tissues. The results show that glucose utilization by gut tissues is responsive to changes in both vascular and luminal glucose supply. The effects of changing gut tissue use of glucose and increased whole body glucose IL on metabolism of nutrients is discussed.
35
Grandhi, R. R. "Effect of dietary methionine to lysine ratio on lactation performance of first and second parity Yorkshire and Hampshire lean genotype sows." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 82, no. 2 (June 1, 2002): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a01-037.
Full textAbstract:
A total of 196 Yorkshire (Y) sows, 137 of first and 59 of second parity, and 97 Hampshire (H) sows, 55 of first and 42 of second parity, were used to determine the effect of increased dietary amino acids and two methionine-to-lysine ratios on sow lactation performance. The three treatment diets were: (1) a barley-wheat-soybean meal diet containing lysine at 0.43 g MJ-1 DE with no supplemental amino acids, 2) the same as diet 1, except the lysine content was increased to 0.68 g MJ-1 DE with supplemental threonine and methionine providing threonine and methionine to lysine ratios of 0.60 and 0.26, respectively, and 3) the same as diet 2, except with an increased methionine-to-lysine ratio of 0.30. All diets were fed as pellets, ad libitum in self-feeders, with free access to drinking water during a 28-d lactation period. Nursing piglets were given creep feed after 14 d of age. The average daily feed intake increased during lactation, and it was higher (P < 0.05) in the second than the first parity sows. Feeding diets 2 and 3 increased (P < 0.05) sow lactation weight and backfat gains, compared to diet 1 for both breeds. Feeding diet 3 increased (P < 0.05) the sow lactation weight and backfat gains and piglet weight gains in the second parity Y sows, but not H sows. Post-weaning sow weight loss and weaning to estrus interval were not different (P > 0.10) among the diets in both breeds. Feeding diets 2 and 3 decreased (P < 0.05) the serum urea nitrogen concentration in Y sows indicating less amino acid catabolism. The results indicated that a dietary methionine-to-lysine ratio higher than 0.27 was not beneficial in maximizing lactation performance of modern lean genotype sows. Key words: Sows, lactation, ideal amino acid, Yorkshire, Hampshire, piglet
36
Dahlen, Carl R., Sarah R. Underdahl, Matthew S. Crouse, Kacie L. McCarthy, Cierrah J. Kassetas, Friederike Baumgaertner, James D. Kirsch, et al. "148 Effects of managing mature beef bulls on divergent planes of nutrition on body composition and concentrations of hormones and metabolites." Journal of Animal Science 98, Supplement_4 (November 3, 2020): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaa278.214.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Fifteen mature beef bulls (BW = 800.4 ± 17.4 kg) were used in a 112-d experiment to evaluate effects of divergent planes of nutrition on body composition and concentrations of hormones and metabolites. Bulls were ranked by BW and randomly assigned to one of two treatments; 1) managed on a positive plane of nutrition (POS, n = 8), or 2) managed on a negative plane of nutrition (NEG, n = 7). Bulls were fed a common diet with deliveries into Insentec feeders adjusted biweekly to achieve targeted weight loss or gain (~12.5% of original BW). Blood samples were collected on d 0, 56, and 112. By design, bull BW was influenced by a treatment × day interaction (P < 0.0001), and POS bulls gained 1.27 ± 0.08 kg/d while NEG lost 0.93 ± 0.08 kg/d. Body condition score and scrotal circumference were similarly impacted by treatment × day interactions (P < 0.0001), both starting similar among treatments, then greater for POS than NEG thereafter. To achieve targeted weight divergence POS bulls (13.8 ± 0.45 kg/d) ate more (P < 0.0001) than NEG (5.1 ± 0.45 kg/d). Body composition was impacted (P ≤ 0.02), with rump fat, rib fat, loin muscle area, and intramuscular fat each increasing in POS and decreasing in NEG. Concentrations of NEFA in serum were greater in NEG bulls at d 56 and 112 compared with POS (treatment × day; P < 0.0001), concentrations of glucose (treatment × day; P = 0.02) were greater for POS bulls, and concentrations of urea were not impacted (P = 0.60). Additionally, concentrations of T3 and T4 on d 112 were greater (P ≤ 0.004) for POS. Our model resulted in altered body composition and profiles of hormones and metabolites which could influence semen on functional, morphological, and molecular levels.
37
Muir, S. K., R. Behrendt, M. Moniruzzaman, G. Kearney, and M. I. Knight. "Automated feeding of sheep. 2. Feeding behaviour influences the methane emissions of sheep offered restricted diets." Animal Production Science 62, no. 1 (2022): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an20634.
Full textAbstract:
Context During the non-growing season of pastures and during droughts, the dry-matter intake (DMI) of sheep is often constrained due to low pasture availability and the need to feed for weight loss or maintenance. Below-maintenance feeding may have consequences for methane (CH4) production and yield in farm systems. Aims The effect of six restricted feeding levels on CH4 emissions measured using portable accumulation chambers (PACs) was examined in relation to DMI, oxygen consumption (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and observed changes in feeding behaviour in sheep fed with automated feeders. Methods An automated feeding system was used to apply daily feeding levels to Maternal Composite ewes (n=126). Sheep were adapted to the automated feeding system over 19days, with unlimited access to feed. Following adaptation, sheep were allocated to restricted daily feed levels at 40%, 80%, 100%, 140% and 180% of estimated maintenance requirements (MR) for 41days. Methane, CO2 and O2 emissions from ewes were measured using PACs on Days 30 and 31 of the restricted feeding period. Key results Methane production (g/day) increased (P<0.001) with the level of feeding. However, time since the last meal decreased with the level of feeding and was associated with CH4 production. Sheep on lower levels of feeding tended to consume meals earlier in the day and had longer times since their last meal at PAC measurement and lower CH4 production. These two factors explained 58.7% of the variance in CH4 production in an additive linear model. Methane yield (gCH4/kg DMI) decreased as the level of feeding was increased. Conclusions Methane emissions were affected not only by daily DMI, but also time since the last meal. An understanding of the effect of feeding behaviour and time since the last meal should be incorporated into feeding protocols prior to CH4 measurements when PACs are being used to measure CH4 emissions from sheep fed restricted diets. Implications Utilising automated feeders may improve the accuracy of PAC measurements of sheep CH4 emissions fed both ad libitum and restricted feed amounts, by increasing understanding of DMI and feeding behaviour.
38
Obermier, Dalton R., Mark Knauer, Amanda Graham, and Hyatt Frobose. "PSII-12 The effects of lift crates on sow performance and litter survival." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_2 (July 2019): 233–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz122.411.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In modern sow farms, pre-weaning mortality (PWM) remains a key barrier to achieving peak productivity and optimizing piglet welfare. Therefore, a total of 270 sows (PIC 1050, 3.6 average parity) were used (May to July 2018) to determine the effect of lift crates in farrowing on sow and piglet performance and litter survival in a commercial setting in southwestern Ontario, Canada. Lift crates are driven by postural changes in the sow which activate a hydraulic lift system (Balance Frame; NOOYEN, Deurne, NL) which temporarily raises a movable sow slat 25 cm above the crate floor. Sows were randomly assigned to 2.44 m × 1.83 m farrowing crates that were 1) conventional or 2) lift crates. Within rooms, litters were standardized to 13 or 14 pigs within 24 h after parturition. Daily sow feed intake was measured using electronic lactation feeders (Gestal SOLO; JYGA Technologies, Inc.). Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS (Cary, NC). Sow was the experimental unit. No differences (P > 0.22) were observed for number born alive, stillbirths or mummified fetuses. Sow backfat loss (2.2 vs. 2.5 mm), average daily feed intake (5.67 vs. 5.74 kg) and wean-to-estrus interval (5.27 vs. 5.62 d) were similar (P > 0.16) between conventional and lift crate treatments. However, from birth to cross-fostering, lift crates reduced (P < 0.01) piglet deaths by 55% when compared to conventional crates (0.58 vs. 0.32 piglets). Piglet deaths from cross-fostering to weaning did not differ (P = 0.18, 0.68 vs. 0.54 piglets). Number of pigs weaned (12.62 vs. 12.87) and suckled litter weaning weight (75.7 vs. 75.6 kg) did not differ (P > 0.11) across treatments. These results provide evidence that lift crates can reduce the number of piglet deaths and may improve PWM in sow farms.Keywords: crate, piglet, survival
39
Sidorova, V. Y. "FEED DISPENSERS FOR DOMESTIC MEAT ANIMAL HUSBANDRY." Scientific Life 15, no. 9 (September 30, 2020): 1233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.35679/1991-9476-2020-15-9-1233-1239.
Full textAbstract:
The article examines the influence of domestic feed dispensers’ technical characteristics on the quality of preparing various types of feed for beef cattle breeding. Among the studied options for preparation and distribution of feed for beef cattle are mixer-feeders, which in the form of mobile trailers, trailers, semitrailers and stationary installations are universal transport and technological means for crushing, mixing, unloading various types of feed and feed mixtures: long-fiber green mass, silage, haylage, loose and pressed hay, straw, briquetted, wet and frozen fodder. Domestic feed dispensers are suitable for mixing various feed components into homogeneous (95-98%) grain mixtures, technical specialized feed mixtures, etc., with automated electronic weighing systems, control of the quantity and quality of feed, with the production of feed fraction up to 10 mm and taking into account the requirements for humidity. The models have options for the injection of liquid components: water, oils, vitamins, etc. The main structures of the feed dispensers are horizontal and vertical, for processing ingredients with a density of 300-500 kg/m3 into a loose mass without loss of nutritional value. The volume of the bunkers varies from 3 to 20 m3; dimensions of various modifications of the model range are approximately the same: width 1.5-2.3 m, length 3.5-7.7 m, height 1.7-3.2 m. The average weight of horizontal models is 12.5% more than vertical. Horizontal feed mixers are designed for the preparation of protein mineral and vitamin supplements and compound feeds, vertical feed mixers for the main ration. Components - loose, dry, wet, liquid and heavy ones - are prepared in a mixture as a percentage in accordance with the recipe. Premixes, bran, cake, grain meal are also used as fillers.
40
"Loss-in-weight feeder uses new technology." Additives for Polymers 1998, no. 12 (December 1998): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0306-3747(98)90768-0.
Full text
41
Sacher, Stephan, Sara Fathollahi, and Johannes G. Khinast. "Comparative Study of a Novel Micro-feeder and Loss-in-weight Feeders." Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation, November 11, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12247-021-09599-6.
Full text
42
Witzel-Rollins, Angela, Maryanne Murphy, Cary M. Springer, Tamberlyn D. Moyers, and Julia D. Albright. "Evaluation of a pet-separating automatic feeder and high-frequency meal feeding for weight loss in multi-cat households." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, June 28, 2022, 1098612X2211050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x221105046.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives The objectives of this study were two-fold: (1) to determine if a feeder system providing individualized food access and automatic dispensing of meals makes weight-loss programs in multi-cat homes easier for cat owners; and (2) to assess if feeding six meals daily reduces food-seeking behavior and increases calorie requirements vs two meals per day. Methods Adult cats with body condition scores (BCSs) of 7/9 or greater underwent a weight-loss plan for up to 6 months using a traditional feeding bowl with two meals per day (B2) or an automatic feeder with two meals (A2) or six meals (A6) per day. Cats were weighed at weeks 0, 2, 4, 6, 10, 14, 18, 22 and 26 and food intake was adjusted to maintain weight-loss rates between 0.5% and 1.5% body weight per week. Owner questionnaires were completed at each study visit. Results Twenty-three cats were included in the study. Cats fed from the automatic feeders were more likely to reach ideal body condition ( P = 0.006), with 83.2% of cats in A6, 40% of cats in A2 and no cats in B2 achieving a BCS of ⩽6/9. Owners of cats fed from automatic feeders reported the weight-loss plan was easier vs owners of cats fed from bowls ( P = 0.01). Owners using the automatic feeders also reported fewer incidences of certain food-seeking behaviors. Neither percent body weight lost per week nor calorie intake per kg differed between groups. Conclusions and relevance Feeding six instead of two meals daily did not result in faster rates of weight loss or the need to increase calorie intake to maintain appropriate rates of weight loss. However, use of an automatic feeder that provided separated, portioned meal feeding made the weight-loss program easier, reduced food-seeking behaviors and improved the overall success of the weight-loss plan.
43
Hadar, Barr N., Kenneth J. Lambrecht, Zvonimir Poljak, Jason B. Coe, Elizabeth A. Stone, Adronie Verbrugghe, and Theresa M. Bernardo. "A technology-enhanced weight-loss program in multiple-cat households: a randomized controlled trial." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, October 21, 2021, 1098612X2110444. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x211044412.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives The objectives of this study were to determine whether a technology-enhanced weight-loss program, using a home pet health technology ecosystem, is an effective tool in feline weight-loss management in multiple-cat households and to evaluate its impact on cat behavior. Methods The study was a prospective parallel unmasked block-randomized controlled trial comparing two weight loss intervention groups: (1) traditional group with dietary restriction alone (n = 9); (2) technology group that used dietary restriction, digital scales, smart feeders, activity monitors and pet treat cameras (n = 6). A 12-week weight-loss program of client-owned indoor-only two- or three-cat households with at least one overweight cat was conducted in Canada and the USA. Owner impressions of the technology, weight loss rates, smart feeder data, activity monitor data and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were assessed. Results The study was completed by 9/15 traditional group and 6/10 technology group cats. Dropouts were mainly due to owner issues unrelated to the study. The pet health technology ecosystem received favorable reviews (six responders). Smart feeders and home scales were perceived as valuable additions, while activity monitors and pet treat cameras were valued lower. The average weekly weight-loss rate (percent loss of initial body weight) was higher ( P = 0.036) in the technology group (0.694%) than in the traditional group (0.175%). Although not associated with weight-loss rates, technology group cats trended toward grazing feeding patterns and decreased daily activity counts, while HRQoL increased, on average, for all cats. Conclusions and relevance This introductory investigation suggests that a technology-enhanced weight-loss program would be accepted by cat owners and may deliver advantageous outcomes in multiple-cat households, providing an effective and practical tool in feline weight-loss strategies that will continue to evolve as new technologies become available. It also illustrates the potential value of data gathered from home monitoring devices and digital diaries, providing deeper insights into pet behavior.
44
Peterwitz, Moritz, Sina Gerling, and Gerhard Schembecker. "Corrigendum to “Challenges in tracing material flow passing a loss-in-weight feeder in continuous manufacturing processes” [Int. J. Pharm. 612 (2022) 121304]." International Journal of Pharmaceutics, August 2022, 122077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122077.
Full text
45
Ogbu, Ikenna I., Nikolaos Tzerakis, and Zaineb Al-Shamary. "Sudden-onset paraplegia in a 72-year-old male with a spinal dural arteriovenous fistula: illustrative case." Journal of Neurosurgery: Case Lessons 2, no. 9 (August 30, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/case21283.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) are rare vascular malformations of the spine but account for up to 80% of all vascular malformations involving the spine. Few case reports of SDAVFs have been reported in the literature, and even fewer have been described with sudden onset of symptoms. OBSERVATIONS The authors described the case of a 72-year-old male with sudden-onset bilateral paraplegia and sensory loss with subsequent inability to bear weight and an initial suspicion of cauda equina syndrome, which was eventually diagnosed as an SDAVF using magnetic resonance imaging. During open surgery, it was difficult to identify the feeder vessels. A postoperative scan showed persistence of the fistula, and the patient had to receive redo ligation with good postoperative status. LESSONS Sudden-onset paraplegia is not the typical presentation of SDAVF. All doctors need to be aware of the possibility of an acute presentation with SDAVF, especially with the high likelihood of misdiagnosis and resultant worse outcome due to treatment delays. A high index of suspicion is required to ensure early recognition as well as initiation of treatment.
46
"Loss-in-weight feeders." Pigment & Resin Technology 29, no. 1 (February 2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt.2000.12929aad.008.
Full text
47
Ozersky, Sydney A., and Zachary Loughman. "Transfer of Cryptosporidium oocysts from feeder rodents to neonate snakes and its impact on parasite identification methods used by zoological institutions." Proceedings of the West Virginia Academy of Science 93, no. 1 (April 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.55632/pwvas.v93i1.793.
Full textAbstract:
Parasites are found in a variety of species and can cause issues in animal health and welfare. One parasite in particular, Cryptosporidium, is a protozoan that impacts the gastrointestinal and respiratory tract of its hosts, which includes humans, rodents, cattle, birds, fish, and reptiles. In squamates, specifically snakes, Cryptosporidium serpentis has been reported to cause lethargy, weight loss, and mortality. Another species, Cryptosporidium parvum, causes infections in mice, humans, and cattle but is nonpathogenic in snakes. Common identification methods, such as ELISA antigen testing, Acid-fast (AF) staining, and Immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) testing, are frequently used because of their low cost and simplicity; however, these can appear positive for both C. parvum and C. serpentis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is also used for Cryptosporidium identification and is one of the only methods that easily differentiates between Cryptosporidium species. Differentiating between these species is necessary as zoological protocols recommend euthanizing or permanently isolating squamates infected with C. serpentis. Rodents are a staple of snake diets in human care, so it is crucial to understand how their diet could impact infection identification. Additionally, immunocompetent mice infected by C. parvum are known to show no clinical signs of infection, so feeder rodent companies may be unaware that their rodents are infected. The purpose of this study is to show how consuming an infected prey item could cause a false positive using common Cryptosporidium identification methods, specifically IFA, and the importance of using species-specific identification methods such as PCR.
48
"Using loss-in-weight feeders in compounding." Plastics, Additives and Compounding 5, no. 5 (October 2003): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1464-391x(03)00537-3.
Full text
49
Rout, Sagarika, and Gyan Ranjan Biswal. "Integration of distributed generations by coordinating electric vehicle charging station in medium voltage network by Swarm intelligence." World Journal of Engineering, June 1, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-03-2022-0105.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Notable energy losses and voltage deviation issues in low-voltage radial distribution systems are a major concern for power planners and utility companies because of the integration of electric vehicles (EVs). Electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) are the key components in the network where the EVs are equipped to energize their battery. The purpose of this paper is coordinating the EVCS and distributed generation (DG) so as to place them optimally using swarm-based elephant herding optimization techniques by considering energy losses, voltage sensitivity and branch current as key indices. The placement and sizing of the EVCS and DG were found in steps. Design/methodology/approach The IEEE 33-bus test feeder and 52-bus Indian practical radial networks were used as the test system for the network characteristic analysis. To enhance the system performance, the radial network is divided into zones for the placement of charging stations and dispersed generation units. Balanced coordination is discussed with three defined situations for the EVCS and DG. Findings The proposed analysis shows that DG collaboration with EVCS with suitable size and location in the network improves the performance in terms of stability and losses. Research limitations/implications Stability and loss indices are handled with equal weight factor to find the best solution. Social implications The proposed method is coordinating EVCS and DG in the existing system; the EV integration in the low-voltage side can be incorporated suitably. So, it has societal impact. Originality/value In this study, the proposed method shows improved results in terms EVCS and DG integration in the system with minimum losses and voltage sensitivity. The results have been compared with another population-based particle swarm optimization method (PSO). There is an improvement of 18% in terms of total power losses and 9% better result in minimum node voltage as compared to the PSO technique. Also, there is an enhancement of 33% in the defined voltage stability index which shows the proficiency of the proposed analysis.
50
Lopez, Diego A., Su A. Lee, and Hans H. Stein. "Effects of microbial phytase on standardized total tract digestibility of phosphorus in feed phosphates fed to growing pigs." Journal of Animal Science, October 20, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac350.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and the standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P in feed phosphates are increased by microbial phytase when fed to growing pigs. Monocalcium phosphate (MCP), monosodium phosphate (MSP), and magnesium phosphate (MgP) from volcanic deposits were used in the experiment. Three corn-soybean meal based diets that contained 0, 500, or 4,000 units of microbial phytase (FTU), but no feed phosphates, were formulated. Nine additional diets were formulated by adding each of the 3 feed phosphates to the 3 basal diets. A P-free diet was also formulated to estimate the basal endogenous loss of P, and therefore, 13 diets were used in the experiment. A total of 117 growing barrows (initial body weight: 15.56 ± 1.68 kg) were allotted to the 13 diets with 9 pigs per diet. Pigs were housed individually in metabolism crates equipped with a feeder and a nipple drinker. Installation of a screen floor under the slatted floor allowed for collection of feces. Diets were fed for 10 d, with the initial 5 d being a period of adaptation to the diet followed by a collection period of 4 d. During the experiment, pigs were fed equal amounts of feed twice daily at 0800 and 1600 h. Results indicated that the ATTD and STTD of P in all diets increased with the inclusion of 500 or 4,000 FTU, but the ATTD and STTD of P in the feed phosphates were not affected by the inclusion of phytase. This indicates that the increases in ATTD and STTD of P that were observed in the mixed diets when phytase was used was due to release of P from phytate in corn and soybean meal and not from an increase in digestibility of P in feed phosphates. However, MgP had a lower (P < 0.05) ATTD and STTD of P than MCP and MSP. In conclusion, microbial phytase does not increase the digestibility of P in MCP, MSP, or MGP, but the digestibility of P in MgP is less than in MCP and MSP.