Academic literature on the topic 'Lord Howe Island'
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Journal articles on the topic "Lord Howe Island"
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Guymer, G. P., and Ian Hutton. "Lord Howe Island." Kew Bulletin 43, no. 1 (1988): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4118055.
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Smithers, C. N. "Lord Howe Island Psocoptera (Insecta)." Records of the Australian Museum 59, no. 1 (May 30, 2007): 9–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.59.2007.1482.
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AHYONG, SHANE T. "Stomatopod Crustacea of Lord Howe Island." Zootaxa 5194, no. 1 (October 4, 2022): 144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5194.1.9.
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Prior to the present study, five species in four genera of the mantis shrimp superfamily Gonodactyloidea were known from Lord Howe Island, Australia. The 2017 Australian Museum expedition to Lord Howe Island made a small but significant collection of stomatopods, comprising four species: Chorisquilla tweediei (Serène, 1950), Gonodactylaceus falcatus (Forskål, 1775), Pseudosquilla ciliata (Fabricius, 1787) and a new species of Acaenosquilla, representing the first record of the superfamily Lysiosquilloidea from Lord Howe Island. The new species of Acaenosquilla is formally described and a key to the stomatopods of Lord Howe Island is provided.
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Lewis, Fiona. "Oniscidea (Isopoda) From Lord Howe Island." Crustaceana 71, no. 7 (1998): 743–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854098x00022.
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AbstractSix species of Oniscidea have previously been recorded from Lord Howe Island: Ligia australiensis, Tasmanoniscus evansi, Australophiloscia nichollsi, Australiodillo insularis, Australiodillo primitivus, and Orthodillo chiltoni. The following new taxa from Lord Howe Island are here described: Trichorhina sp., two new species of Anchicubaris, four new species of Australiodillo, seven new species of Cubaris, a new species each of Pseudodiploexochus and Pyrgoniscus, and a new genus and species Sphenodillo agnostos. The presence of Actaecia bipleura (Lewis & Green, 1995) is noted. A key to the species of Armadillidae of Lord Howe Island is given.
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Bruce, A. J. "Caridean shrimps from Lord Howe Island." Beagle : Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 1, no. 14 (August 6, 1985): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.258365.
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Growns, Ivor, Darren Ryder, Tsuyoshi Kobayashi, and Adriana García. "Freshwater macroinvertebrates of Lord Howe Island." Journal of Natural History 48, no. 43-44 (August 13, 2014): 2675–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2014.946107.
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Lambkin, K. J., and T. R. New. "THE NEUROPTERA OF LORD HOWE ISLAND." Australian Journal of Entomology 28, no. 1 (February 1989): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1989.tb01184.x.
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Moses, C. A. "Observations on coastal biokarst, Hells Gate, Lord Howe Island, Australia." Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 47, no. 1 (March 19, 2003): 83–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zfg/47/2003/83.
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Recher, Harry F. "The Woodhen: A Flightless Island Bird Defying Extinction." Pacific Conservation Biology 20, no. 4 (2014): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc140401.
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I BEGIN this review of Clifford Frith’s book on the Lord Howe Island Woodhen Gallirallus sylvestris with a ‘conflict of interest’ admission. Long ago, 1970–72 to be precise, while at the Australian Museum, I coordinated an environmental survey of Lord Howe Island. The survey was undertaken at the request of the Lord Howe Island Board for the museum to determine the status of the island’s flora and fauna. As the museum had a long association with Lord Howe Island commencing in 1869 when a team of scientists from the museum undertook a zoological survey of the island, the approach from the Board was well-received by museum staff many of whom participated in the survey. The survey was also joined by botanists from the Royal Botanic Gardens and zoologists from CSIRO.
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Harriott, VJ, PL Harrison, and SA Banks. "The coral communities of Lord Howe Island." Marine and Freshwater Research 46, no. 2 (1995): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9950457.
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Lord Howe Island (31�33′S, 159�05′E) is surrounded by the southern-most coral reefs in the Pacific Ocean. The status of the benthic communities at Lord Howe Island was quantified in 1992-93 using replicated video-transects at 20 sites in the shallow reefal area (<20 m depth). The cover of hard coral was comparable with coral cover on some tropical reefs, ranging from less than 10% at some reef flat sites to greater than 40% cover at two seaward beach sites. The process of reef formation is apparently slow, and accretion of limestone is localized. A total of 59 scleractinian coral species were recorded during this study (including 19 new records), bringing the total number recorded at Lord Howe Island to 83. The coral communities contain a unique association of tropical species at their southern limits of distribution, and subtropical species which are rare or absent from the Great Barrier Reef. Many of the species that have been recorded from Lord Howe Island are rare, and may have resulted from chance recruitment of only a few larvae. There have been few major changes in the coral communities at Lord Howe Island in the past 16 years. At two inshore sites there was an apparent reduction in hard coral cover in the 1980s.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lord Howe Island"
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Papadopulos, Alexander Savas Thomas. "Plant speciation on Lord Howe Island." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7069.
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Lord Howe Island (LHI) is an ideal location for researching the speciation process. The diversity of unique species, its isolation and minute size offer a rare opportunity to investigate the contribution that speciation has made to the entire flora of an ecosystem. On LHI, speciation in sympatry has been documented previously in Howea palms and this project sought to investigate whether this divergence was an exceptional occurrence or if the process is more general. A phylogenetic approach was used to acquire the first estimates of the frequency of sympatric speciation and speciation with gene flow in a community of island plants. The results indicate that speciation with gene flow may be relatively common on LHI. Biogeographic patterns show that Australia is a major source of species for LHI and that, for a given region, the number of immigrants that can establish and speciate is dependent on dispersal limitation and niche conservatism. Speciation events in two genera (Metrosideros and Coprosma) were examined in greater detail to determine whether ecological divergent selection may have promoted the evolution of reproductive isolation. In both cases, evidence is presented demonstrating that natural selection, habitat isolation and competitive exclusion may have played vital roles in these speciation events. Closer examination of speciation in Coprosma revealed that six species have evolved following a single colonisation of LHI, the first documented evidence for a sympatric radiation in plants. Four of these species have evolved via speciation with gene flow and two species are derived from hybrid speciation events; supporting theories that speciation with gene flow and hybrid speciation may be integral to the onset of an adaptive radiation. Together with speciation in Howea, these new cases show that ecologically driven speciation with gene flow is an important source of biodiversity on LHI and potentially in other botanical communities.
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Cottle, Ceaira. "A Tale of Two Islands: Long Distance Dispersal to Oceanic Islands and the Influence of Dispersal Potential on Large-Scale Phylogeographic Patterns." Thesis, Griffith University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367140.
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Comparative phylogeography seeks to compare phylogeographic patterns of multiple co-distributed species in order to examine levels of temporal and spatial congruence. Comparative assessments can lead to reconstructions of major trends in the recent histories of dispersal of a region and can provide significant advances in understanding how behaviour, demography and natural histories of species and populations can influence phylogeographic patterns. When common spatial patterns of evolutionary sub-division are found between co-distributed species they are thought to share a biogeographic history. Although concordant phylogeographic patterns have been found across multiple taxa, not all comparative phylogeographic studies have found evidence of congruence. The influence of dispersal potential on the phylogeographic structuring of multiple co-distributed species was the main focus of this thesis.
The main goal was to explore how dispersal potential, based on life history characteristics, influenced phylogeographic structure on a large-scale in multiple co-distributed species, and in particular how this influenced oceanic island populations. Whilst there are disagreements in the biogeographic literature as to whether vicariant or dispersal processes best explain the geographic distribution of a species, the colonisation and accumulation of biotic assemblages on oceanic islands is unequivocally the result of transoceanic dispersal. The biotic communities present on oceanic islands therefore inevitably consist of species that are able to disperse well. Genetic variation within island populations is directly influenced by the dispersal potential of the species in question. Species that disperse frequently will be more closely related to the source population due to continual migration to the islands from mainland (or other island) sources; whereas species that do not disperse as often will be more genetically distinct and divergent from the source population.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Environment
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Murray, Zoe. "To maintain order amongst a disreputable people: The case of Captain Armstrong, colonial governance and scandal at the antipodes, 1878-1887." Thesis, Department of History, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8830.
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On 4 April 1882, the New South Wales government steamer Thetis arrived at Lord Howe Island bearing J. Bowie Wilson, recently appointed commissioner of an inquiry into the conduct of the Island’s resident magistrate, Captain Richard Armstrong. Following a hastily convened investigation, Wilson recommended that the government confirm Armstrong’s suspension from office. Armstrong claimed he had done nothing to deserve the dismissal and that Wilson’s inquiry made a mockery of justice. So, while the colonial press initially expressed indignation against Armstrong’s alleged wrongdoings, over time the focus of moral outrage shifted to Wilson. This thesis explores the case of Captain Armstrong, a prominent scandal in 1880s New South Wales. It traces Armstrong’s connection with Lord Howe Island from its beginning in 1878 to its end in 1887, when he finally received tangible recognition of injustice, £1500 compensation. By untangling the many threads of the Armstrong case, it is possible to paint a vivid and detailed picture of colonial governance in late nineteenth-century New South Wales. It is not merely that the case highlights the experience of a minor official in a remote outpost – a much neglected area of Australian and imperial history – but that subsequent press and parliamentary debates reveal some of the most vexing issues in colonial society. It sheds light on the contemporary temperance movement, competing ideals of masculine character and pervasive anxieties surrounding the issue of the colony’s reputation. The Armstrong case provides compelling evidence that colonial governance, whether in a remote outpost or an established colony, was a fragile enterprise, fraught with contradictions and anxieties.
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Kannar-Lichtenberger, Lea. "Anthropocene: Human Influence on Evolution and the Biosphere." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14429.
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Through my art investigations I work to bring awareness to the public in order to create understanding of the issues surrounding the human impact on the environment and its long term effects. Further to the island investigations I will be explore evolution and how the Anthropocene is influencing plant selection and behaviour. This is done through the microscopic window of Bio-Art using the Dandelion and Tree Dandelion as my metaphors for the environmental changes that are occurring. The artworks at the centre of this enquiry will consist of (but are not exclusive to) photographic, video, projection, installation, Perspex, ceramic and sculpture. My final examination works include 1 hanging work Corpses from the Everyday, measured, colour coded and catalogued plastic debris from Lord Howe Island, printed in continuous text on vinyl 360 x 500 cm. Two installations, one Towards Dystopia is a combination of plastic/ Perspex, water, text and ceramics. Water Installation, film and sound; ceramics, Perspex Petri dish, Perspex fish tank, transparent piping, fountain pump, clear plastic sheeting, beach debris collected from Lord Howe Island, highly salted water and a tea urn. Size varies 2015 Perspex is vital to the works that I am producing, reflecting the connection we have to this product of the oil industry which is having such wide reaching impact. Gagged is a 3 piece video installation showing performance artist Molly Morphew anthropomorphizing the bird as described in the text by Carl Safina, this performance was videoed from 3 different angles and all three are displayed in larger than life scale. Sounds of gagging are heard overlapping as the performance loops, the text from Gyre the Plastic Ocean by Carl Safina (copyright obtained) is included in the installation.
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Owens, Kimberley Ann. "Farmers, fishers and whalemen : the colonisation landscapes of Lord Howe Island, Tasman Sea, Australia." Phd thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/149932.
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A small dot of land in the middle of the Tasman Sea, Lord Howe Island presents an interesting and unique opportunity to examine several archaeological and historical questions relating to the colonization of islands, settlement landscapes, and the development of isolated communities. Through a combination of historical research and archaeological investigation, this project seeks to investigate the processes of development and change that were operating in the LHI settlement landscape and to arrive at an understanding of how these processes may or may not have significance for the understanding of other island colonization events, particularly prehistoric ones. Extensive background historic research utilizing various published and unpublished sources; community consultation and gathering of local knowledge; surveys of six historically known sites and excavation of four; and the synthesis of the historic and archaeological data in the creation of settlement landscape maps and identifications of resource use over time were employed as mechanisms of understanding the processes of colonization on a Pacific island, and allowed an assessment of its usefulness as an analogue for similar historic and prehistoric scenarios. The consequential thesis that is presented here outlines these research tasks and results and culminates in the general conclusion that Lord Howe Island is both a useful example and comparative case for other studies while paradoxically being subject to its own unique historic context, and is therefore limited to useful generalities rather than specifics.
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Owens, Kimberley Ann. "Farmers, fishers and whalemen: the colonisation landscapes of Lord Howe Island, Tasman Sea, Australia." Thesis, 2008. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/18765/1/18765-owens-2008-thesis.pdf.
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A small dot of land in the middle of the Tasman Sea, Lord Howe Island presents an interesting and unique opportunity to examine several archaeological and historical questions relating to the colonization of islands, settlement landscapes, and the development of isolated communities. Through a combination of historical research and archaeological investigation, this project seeks to investigate the processes of development and change that were operating in the LHI settlement landscape and to arrive at an understanding of how these processes may or may not have significance for the understanding of other island colonization events, particularly prehistoric ones. Extensive background historic research utilizing various published and unpublished sources; community consultation and gathering of local knowledge; surveys of six historically known sites and excavation of four; and the synthesis of the historic and archaeological data in the creation of settlement landscape maps and identifications of resource use over time were employed as mechanisms of understanding the processes of colonization on a Pacific island, and allowed an assessment of its usefulness as an analogue for similar historic and prehistoric scenarios. The consequential thesis that is presented here outlines these research tasks and results and culminates in the general conclusion that Lord Howe Island is both a useful example and comparative case for other studies while paradoxically being subject to its own unique historic context, and is therefore limited to useful generalities rather than specifics.
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Barton, David. "Social and technical aspects of community level decision-making on energy options in two remote island communities." Phd thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151035.
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Simoes, Matias. "Genetic diversity and structure of Moreton Bay fig (Ficus macrophylla) in mainland Australia and Lord Howe Island." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.7/uws:50407.
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Genetic contamination of natural population through human dispersal has the potential to erode natural genetic diversity through competition or introgression. The Moreton Bay fig (Ficus macrophylla) has two distinct forms, macrophylla found in eastern Australia and columnaris in Lord Howe Island (LHI). Given the world heritage status, high levels of endemism and unique biological processes on Lord Howe Island preventing genetic contamination is an important environmental, social and economic issue. This project aims to increase the understanding of the potential for genetic contamination to occur among the two forms, including determining how genetically distinct two forms are and whether they can produce viable hybrid offspring.
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Reid, TA. "Modelling the foraging ecology of the flesh-footed shearwater Puffinus carneipes in relation to fisheries and oceanography." Thesis, 2011. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/12274/1/Reid.pdf.
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Increasing numbers of animal and plant species are under threat, often through human activity. To improve management of these species, it is important to understand the spatio-temporal nature of these interactions. In this thesis the threats to flesh-footed shearwater breeding on Lord Howe Island were explored, and methods that can be adopted for lowering them were investigated.
A census of the population of flesh-footed shearwaters on Lord Howe Island indicated a continuing decline. Possible threats to the population that were identified as (i) offshore, in the form of fisheries by-catch and plastic pollution at sea, and (ii) onshore, with factors such as land clearance and road mortality on Lord Howe Island. Significant mortality was recorded on roads on Lord Howe Island.
Offshore threats were examined by quantifying the regions of interactions between flesh-footed shearwaters and vessels operating in the Eastern Tuna and Billfish Fishery using data from fisheries observers, Australian Fisheries Management Authority logbook data and remote sensing data of oceanographic variables. Recent changes in the regions of interaction between the shearwaters and the ETBF were modelled, and how this affected the by-catch rate was examined. The effect these changes had on the by-catch rate was used to recommend the potential of area closures as a method of conservation.
Using a novel statistical technique, the distribution of flesh-footed shearwaters and their interactions with the ETBF was further examined. Small scale oceanographic relationships between the shearwaters‟ attendance of vessels operating in the fishery were quantified using an arrivals and departures multi-component model. For this the same data as that used in the previous section was used. By comparing the arrivals and departures for shearwaters behind vessels, finer scale attendance was examined and compared with the hypothesis that shearwaters were more likely to attend a vessel when it was operating in conditions that were likely to be more productive.
Finally, the distribution of individual flesh-footed shearwaters during the breeding season was quantified using light based archival tags (GLS loggers). Discrete Choice Models were then used to examine if individuals returned to the same areas on successive trips. Flesh-footed shearwaters used experience to determine where they were foraging, returning to areas that they had visited during the previous two foraging trips, and returning to areas where they apparently were successful during those trips. This has rarely been demonstrated previously, especially for larger or oceanic animals.
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Taysom, Alice Jo. "The occurrence of hybridisation between the Pacific Black Duck (Anas superciliosa) and other dabbling ducks (Genus: Anas) in Australia." Thesis, 2016. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/31040/.
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Hybridisation between closely-related species is an ongoing threat to many species that can be exacerbated by anthropogenic practices. The Pacific Black Duck (Anas superciliosa) is a dabbling duck native to the southwest Pacific that is currently under threat of hybridisation with introduced Mallard (A. platyrhynchos). Mallard are known to hybridise with and threaten many other dabbling duck species throughout the world. To evaluate the threat posed by hybridisation with introduced domestic Mallards to the Australian subspecies of the Pacific Black Duck (A. s. rogersi), a set of nine microsatellite markers were selected to genetically differentiate these species and detect hybrids. The use of these microsatellite markers on putative Pacific Black Ducks found that the overall frequency of hybridisation in Australia is currently low (1.5%) and also revealed that the frequency of hybridisation tended to be higher in urban compared to rural Victoria. Behavioural observations suggested that while Mallards are dominant over Pacific Black Ducks, the latter have not been excluded from parks inhabited by Mallards. In contrast to mainland Australia, most birds on Lord Howe Island appear to be Mallards of New Zealand stock descent. It’s unclear whether hybrids resident were bred locally or whether they emigrated from New Zealand. The lack of Pacific Black Duck phenotypes on Lord Howe Island suggests that this species has been outcompeted by Mallards. In addition to hybridisation with Mallards, anecdotal reports have suggested that Pacific Black Ducks are also hybridising with Chestnut Teals (A. castanea). Based on microsatellite analysis, Chestnut Teal - Pacific Black Duck hybrids were detected, albeit at a low frequency (0.5%), among a sample of putative Pacific Black Ducks sampled throughout Australia
Overall, Mallard – Pacific Black Duck hybridisation does not currently seem to be widespread. However, the precautionary principle would advise eradication methods to be put into place to prevent the spread of the Mallard genome throughout Australia’s Pacific Black Duck population to protect the genetic integrity of the Australian subspecies.
Books on the topic "Lord Howe Island"
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Hutton, Ian. Lord Howe island: Discovering Australia's world heritage. Civic Square, A.C.T: Conservation Press, 1986.
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Hayward, Philip. Hearing the call: Music and social history on Lord Howe Island. Australia: Lord Howe Island Arts Council, 2002.
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Serventy, Vincent. Australia's world heritage sites: The Great Barrier Reef, Kakadu National Park, Western Tasmania Wilderness National Parks, Willandra Lakes Region, the Lord Howe Island Group. South Melbourne: Macmillan, 1986.
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Staff, Australian Geographic. Australian Geographic Lord Howe Island Map. Bauer Media Books, 2018.
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Tulloch, Coral, and Rohan Cleave. Phasmid: Saving the Lord Howe Island Stick Insect. CSIRO Publishing, 2015.
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Hutton, Ian. Birds of Lord Howe Island: Past and Present. Ian Hutton, 1991.
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Marine Benthic Algae Of Lord Howe Island And The Southern Great Barrier Reef. CSIRO Publishing, 2010.
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Moro, Dorian, Derek Ball, and Sally Bryant, eds. Australian Island Arks. CSIRO Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486306619.
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Australia is the custodian of a diverse range of continental and oceanic islands. From Heard and Macquarie in the sub-Antarctic, to temperate Lord Howe and Norfolk, to the tropical Cocos (Keeling) Islands and the islands of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia’s islands contain some of the nation’s most iconic fauna, flora and ecosystems. They are a refuge for over 35% of Australia’s threatened species and for many others declining on mainland Australia. They also have significant cultural value, especially for Indigenous communities, and economic value as centres for tourism.
Australian Island Arks presents a compelling case for restoring and managing islands to conserve our natural heritage. With contributions from island practitioners, researchers and policy-makers, it reviews current island management practices and discusses the need and options for future conservation work. Chapters focus on the management of invasive species, threatened species recovery, conservation planning, Indigenous cultural values and partnerships, tourism enterprises, visitor management, and policy and legislature. Case studies show how island restoration and conservation approaches are working in Australia and what the emerging themes are for the future.
Australian Island Arks will help island communities, managers, visitors and decision-makers to understand the current status of Australia’s islands, their management challenges, and the opportunities that exist to make best use of these iconic landscapes.
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Cleave, Rohan, and Coral Tulloch. Phasmid. CSIRO Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486301133.
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Phasmid is the amazing true story of the Lord Howe Island Phasmid, or Stick Insect. Believed to be extinct for nearly 80 years, the phasmids were rediscovered on Balls Pyramid, a volcanic outcrop 23 kilometres off the coast of Lord Howe Island, Australia. News of their unbelievable survival made headlines around the world and prompted an extraordinary conservation effort to save this remarkable invertebrate.
This wonderful tale captures the life of one of the world's most critically endangered invertebrates, from beginning life as an egg to surviving harsh environments and the hopeful return to their homeland, Lord Howe Island.
With a captivating narrative by Rohan Cleave, invertebrate zookeeper at Melbourne Zoo, and stunning watercolour illustrations by renowned artist Coral Tulloch, Phasmid is a positive story about one species' incredible survival in a time of worldwide species decline.
Phasmid is perfect for primary aged readers.
Honour Book, The CBCA Eve Pownall Award for Information Books 2016
Shortlisted for The Wilderness Society's Annual Environment Award for Children's Literature 2016
Recipient of a 2016 Whitley Award commendation for Children's Conservation Book
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Frith, Clifford. Woodhen. CSIRO Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643108714.
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This book tells the fascinating success story of saving the flightless Woodhen of Lord Howe Island. This unique large rail, an iconic and highly endangered Australian bird, was at the very brink of extinction with just 15 individuals found in 1980, when bold and risky actions were taken to save it.
The book begins with the discovery and ecology of Lord Howe Island. It then details the history of the Woodhen, its place among the rails and their evolution of flightlessness, the planning, implementation and trials, tribulations and successes of the captive breeding programme and the way in which the wild population recovered. The ecology, behaviour and breeding biology of this unique flightless island rail are also discussed. The text is accompanied by numerous photographs and drawings.
This is a story of survival, yet the bird remains highly endangered as it is under constant potential threat, which could tip it over the brink and to extinction. The Woodhen provides gripping insights into the potential for both losing and saving vertebrate species.
Winner of a 2014 Whitley Awards Certificate of Commendation for Historical Zoology.
Book chapters on the topic "Lord Howe Island"
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Claudino-Sales, Vanda. "Lord Howe Island Group, Australia." In Coastal World Heritage Sites, 297–302. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1528-5_43.
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Bird, Eric. "Lord Howe Island – (New South Wales)." In Encyclopedia of the World's Coastal Landforms, 1239–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8639-7_226.
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"Lord Howe Island." In Encyclopedia of Islands, 568–72. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520943728-132.
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"Lord Howe Island Group, Australia." In Dictionary of Geotourism, 368. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2538-0_1456.
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Weddle, Kevin J. "Opening Moves." In The Compleat Victory:, 7–24. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195331400.003.0002.
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This chapter sets the political, strategic, and operational context for the Saratoga campaign. Many of the key personalities are introduced to the reader including General Sir William Howe, Admiral Lord Richard Howe, General Sir Guy Carleton, General George Washington, Major General Horatio Gates, Major General Philip Schuyler, and Major General Benedict Arnold. This chapter also covers the American Revolution’s initial military operations including the battles and siege of Boston, the battles on Long Island and Manhattan, and the failed American invasion of Canada, including the attack on and siege of Quebec. The chapter concludes with Washington’s twin victories at Trenton and Princeton and his adoption of a modified Fabian military strategy.
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Campbell, Marvin. "Elizabeth Bishop and Audre Lorde: Two Views of ‘Florida’ in the Global South Atlantic." In Reading Elizabeth Bishop, 280–93. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474421331.003.0020.
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This chapter investigates how the transnational crossings Elizabeth Bishop launched from the peninsular Florida and its Key into Haiti, Mexico, Aruba, and most famously, Brazil, across North & South, Questions of Travel and Geography III correspond to an analogous geographical arc on the part of Audre Lorde, in which the Southeastern United States, Oaxaca, Mexico, and the Virgin Islands inform an equally fluid and indeed oceanic space from her work of the 1980s onward, when Lorde began spending significant time in the Virgin Islands. As Bishop sought to ‘do more’ with Key West and its environs in than modernist predecessors like Wallace Stevens and Hart Crane by employing this island to make investments in gender, race, nation, and class, Audre Lorde brought racial and sexual difference to the fore of this liminal crossing across national borders and boundaries, hybridizing her own better documented investments in Yoruba myth with a trans-American consciousness lodged squarely in not only the Caribbean and the Southeast, but in Oaxaca, Mexico and the Southwest. Such a remapping reveals two outsider poets who stand at the center of a literary formation where twentieth century American and African-American poetics converge and clash.
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Voss, Huberta von. "19. With Cellphone and Habit on Lord Byron’s Island: Father Grigoris and the Novice Artour (San Lazzaro, Venice)." In Portraits of Hope, 134–40. Berghahn Books, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781782389415-024.
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Wells, H. G. "The War of the Worlds." In The War of the Worlds. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780198702641.003.0102.
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Author of ‘The Time Machine,’ ‘The Island of Doctor Moreau,’ ‘The Invisible Man,’ etc. ‘But who shall dwell in these Worlds if they be inhabited? . . . Are we or they Lords of the World? . . . And how are all things made...
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Harris, Jonathan. "Private International Law But Not as We Know It." In Essays in International Litigation for Lord Collins, 27—C1.P126. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192867988.003.0002.
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Abstract This chapter talks about the development of firewall legislation and certain issues to which it has given rise. It considers the development of firewall legislation in the Cayman Islands and its courts and the subsequent experiences in Jersey. It also looks at the use of firewall legislation within the European Union and determines whether any rapprochement between the approaches of offshore and onshore jurisdictions might be reached. The chapter notes how firewall protection typically applies only to trusts governed by the local law. It indicates the two primary functions of the firewall legislation: first function is to lay down choice of law rules in favour of the application of the local law and restrict the application of foreign laws and second is to prevent the recognition or enforcement of foreign judgments that are ‘inconsistent’ with those rules.
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Hales, Shelley, and Nic Earle. "Dinosaurs Don’t Die: the Crystal Palace monsters in children’s literature, 1854–2001." In After 1851, edited by Kate Nichols and Sarah Victoria Turner. Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9780719096495.003.0008.
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Dinosaurs Don’t Die, claimed the title of Ann Coates’ 1970 children’s book. Coates’ prose, and the charming illustrations by John Vernon Lord which accompanied it, wondered what would happen if the antediluvian monsters from the Crystal Palace came back to life. In fact, the prehistoric creatures had already refused to die: first resurrected by Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins and Richard Owen in the early 1850s they had survived the 1936 fire to become Sydenham’s only remaining display. The monsters have lived on, both on a set of South East London islands, but also in many children’s books from the mid-nineteenth to the early twenty-first centuries. In this article I track how the Crystal Palace monsters fit into the evolution of more general representations of extinct creatures in children’s books and exhibitions over the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Conference papers on the topic "Lord Howe Island"
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Beltran, M. J. "How can the risks associated with climate change help shape Lord Howe Island fire management planning." In DISASTER MANAGEMENT 2011. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/dman110131.
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Ghoneim, G., A. B. Cammaert, and Morten Mejlænder-Larsen. "Arctic Challenges - A Treatise of Past and Recent Developments." In SNAME 9th International Conference and Exhibition on Performance of Ships and Structures in Ice. SNAME, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2010-183.
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In view of the recent announcements by the USA government permitting further drilling in certain areas offshore Alaska and the steady increase in oil prices, it may be again possible to predict that Arctic oil and gas development and transportation projects are imminent. The challenges associated with design and operation of Arctic exploration and production installations are many and have been exhaustively discussed in the past. This paper will summarize these challenges and show how a significant number of them have been addressed in the past and how new technologies may be implemented to alleviate the remaining challenges. In the late seventies and early eighties extensive Arctic R&D work was carried out. A small sample of this work includes the Arctic Pilot Project, the CANMAR icebreaker research program with full scale testing, the Tarsuit artificial island, the Hans island ice load monitoring programs, and the Canadian Coast Guard development of the Canadian Arctic Shipping Pollution Prevention Regulations (CASPPR). The R&D work carried out in Finland and Russia is also discussed. This paper demonstrates how the available results from these projects may be applied in the development of current and new rules and standards. The issues that are still outstanding are highlighted and proposals for possible resolution thereof are made. A presentation of ongoing work for the development of new DNV design guidelines on ice-structure interaction will be presented. The work will be completed in 2011 or early 2012. The project will be based on the new ISO 19906 standard, and will cover both fixed and floating installations. The paper also describes results from a recently completed real-time ice load monitoring program onboard an icebreaking vessel and shows correlation with proposed formulations.
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Alva, Luis H., Jorge E. Gonza´lez, and John B. Hertz. "Impact of Construction Materials in the Energy Consumption in Homes in the Caribbean." In ASME 2005 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2005-76188.
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This investigation presents the thermal analysis of an experimental, low energy consuming home for low-income families, located in Puerto Rico, where the prevailing climate is hot and humid. The objective of this analysis is to aid in the design of energy efficient homes, which in turn will reduce energy consumption in the Island. This investigation compares the analysis of this experimental house, specifically designed for the tropics, to a similarly sized, conventionally built low-cost home. Different construction materials are evaluated in conjunction with the use of either natural ventilation or air conditioning. The impact of natural ventilation is analyzed, with results for the inside temperature and interior heat removal presented and compared. Additional energy saving strategies are evaluated, including solar thermal energy for domestic hot water production, daylighting and the use of energy efficient lights. The annual energy consumption of the proposed experimental home is calculated and compared with the energy consumption of the conventional house. The thermal load of the house is calculated through the use of mathematical simulations of the dynamic annual cooling load using well-known software such as Energy-Plus for a TMY for San Juan, Puerto Rico. Results for the inside temperature of the experimental house, the heat loss due to natural ventilation, the cooling load when air conditioning is used, and energy consumption are presented and compared with the conventional house. Results indicate that the experimental house is 30% more energy efficient when all the energy saving strategies are considered.
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Shang, Ziduan, Chunhua Wu, Boyu Han, Chenyu Chang, and Lutong Zhang. "Nuclear Island Basemat Modeling for Generation III Nuclear Power Plant Design in China." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-66346.
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Nuclear Island (NI) basemat is a very thick reinforced concrete mat sitting on sub-grade soil to function as one-piece-foundation to support all super-structures anchored above the basemat. The Generation III (GEN III) NI is designed with more structures housing on the basemat, as such it is even greater in dimensions compared to GEN II. In the design process of a GEN III Passive-Safety-Plant (PSP), NI base mat is the most critical part for foundation design, since it is not only serves as the pressure boundary in foundation system but also support the whole nuclear island, carrying vertical load from upper structures, seismic loads both in vertical and horizontal directions, lateral soil pressures and buoyant force due to water table etc. For a typical AP plant the main structural systems which are housing within NI comprises of steel containment vessel (SCV), shield building (SC wall), internal structures, and auxiliary buildings etc. The scope for this paper is to investigate the approach and method which are suitable for modeling GEN III passive-safety-plant basemat. The investigation scopes are focused on (1) concrete basemat FE modeling and related subgrade medium (soil) modeling; (2) Design loads evaluation method and application for a typical basemat FE static analysis. Structurally speaking SCV is designed to directly anchored in concrete basemat, the interface between upper structure and foundation, its geometry and connection are unique and complicated, this lead to the modeling of basemat not only have to consider an appropriate FE meshing and element type selection but also need to consider the load application and transferring from the SCV to the basemat basin. Since passive-safety-plant NI basemat is a deep foundation, basemat is deeply buried below the grade, the complete foundation model not only shall consider the basemat and immediate soil under the basemat, but also need to consider the backfill soil, the surrounding soil in vicinity, fill concrete under the basemat and deeper soil condition under the basemat. Since seismic loads pose great effects on basemat and its foundation design, how to evaluation seismic loadings and simplified their application for basemat static analysis is critical for such type of foundation.
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Cao, Z. X., Y. Chen, J. Chen, and Q. Xu. "Laboratory Studies on the Characteristics of Public Fill used in Reclamation Project in the Deep-sea Area." In The HKIE Geotechnical Division 42nd Annual Seminar. AIJR Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.133.28.
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To reduce solid wastes and recover useful resources, an artificial island in the deep-sea area was built and it was planned to use the sorted public fill as the replacement of sand in the land reclamation. The use of the public fill as the replacement of sand not only reduced the CO2 emission, but also shortened the construction period. Although the use of public fill gives benefits to environmental sustainability, the public fill is rarely used in Hong Kong for reclamation in the deep-sea artificial island. Furthermore, the short-term and long-term post-construction settlement due to surcharge load is a key issue in the reclamation work, while limited information of the physical and mechanical properties of the public fill could be found in the past engineering projects. In addition, there are many uncertainties and influencing factors in the construction site such as the surcharge load magnitudes, modes of the loading process, and the variability of geotechnical parameters. How these factors influence the mechanical behavior of the public fill is an interesting issue. This paper gives first-hand laboratory test results accompanied by theoretical analysis to address the mentioned issues. After a comprehensive and careful measurement of several basic engineering properties, such as bulk density, particle size distribution, and Atterberg limits, large-scale oedometer tests were systematically conducted to study the compressibility of the public fill. It is found both volume compressibility and consolidation coefficient decrease with an increasing axial effective stress. An interesting finding is that an increasing fines content with a certain range will lead to an increase in the compressibility of the public fill, indicating the fines content may need to be considered in the land reclamation works. In addition, remarkable creep could be observed if the current vertical stress is lower than the preloading pressure. After obtaining design parameters and ensuring allowable settlement through both in-house laboratory tests and in-situ field tests, the project in the technical paper may be a good reference for future land reclamation design and construction cases.
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Savander, Brant R., Malcolm E. Willis, Karl A. Stambaugh, and Kelley A. Cox. "USCG Patrol Craft Hydrodynamic Fuel Efficiency Improvements." In SNAME 13th International Conference on Fast Sea Transportation. SNAME, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/fast-2015-035.
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A computational analysis program, conducted at full scale, has been completed on the USCG Fast Response Cutter (FRC) to evaluate how appendage and propeller redesign affects calm water powering performance and erosive cavitation onset. Aft working forward, the geometric variations considered included: addition of a stern flap, wake adapted rudder redesign, propeller design refinement, wake adapted skeg redesign, and redesign of the spray rail system. The first activity was to use a wake alignment procedure to redesign the current rudder in an effort to improve the rudder drag characteristics and minimize or eliminate rudder cavitation. The wake aligned redesign eliminated rudder cavitation over the entire speed range, and decreased total drag by 6% at flank speed. Replacement of only the current rudders with the wake aligned redesign is predicted to increase flank speed from 28.9 knots to 29.4 knots. The stern flap and spray rail efforts followed the historical guidance of similar work performed on the USCG Island Class patrol boats, as documented in Cusanelli and Barry (2002). Following the geometric guidance of the Island Class stern flaps the final recommended stern flap for the FRC results in a brake power demand reduction of 15%. The Island Class achieved a 12% reduction in required brake power at similar speeds. The combination of the new stern flap, wake adapted rudders, current propeller, current skegs, and new spray rail yielded an increase in flank speed from 28.9 to 31.4 knots. Skeg redesign resulted in a 30% decrease in the magnitude of the radiated pressure pulse amplitudes experienced in the propeller tunnel above the propeller. The redesign of the skeg did not affect the propeller behind efficiency. Modification of the current propeller geometry was the final redesign task. The final system, which included the new stern flap, wake aligned rudders, redesigned propeller, wake aligned skegs, and new spray rail system decreased power by 18.6% at the prior 28.9 knot flank speed of FRC. The new flank speed, with the final system, has increased to 32.9 knots in the full load, end of service life condition. The combined effect of all redesign activities reveals an annual fuel consumption savings of 24,000 gallons per vessel per year, which corresponds to a 13.6% savings when compared to the original as-built system. Assuming a fuel cost of $4 per gallon, the annual cost savings per vessel per year equals $96,000. This savings extrapolated over a 58 ship fleet equates to $5.5 million in savings per year for the class. This saving per year yields a savings of $110 million for the 20-year operating life of the 58-ship class.
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McKenna, Richard, Mark Fuglem, and Greg Crocker. "Uncertainty in 100 and 10,000 Year Ice Loads on Offshore Structures." In SNAME 11th International Conference and Exhibition on Performance of Ships and Structures in Ice. SNAME, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2014-167.
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The ISO 19906 arctic structures standard specifies that ice loads be calculated at the extreme level (100 year return period) for verifying ultimate limit states and at the abnormal level (10,000 years) for accidental/abnormal limit states. Since ice load measurements on structures have only been made over much shorter time periods, concerns are often expressed about the accuracy to which 10,000 year values can be estimated. In this paper, the uncertainties in 100 and 10,000 year loads are considered through examples based on experience with calculations of loads on structures in different iceberg and sea ice environments. For icebergs, it is necessary to consider the size distribution of icebergs (including the potential presence of extremely large icebergs and ice islands) as well as drift velocities and shapes that can govern high return- period loads for fixed structures. With sea ice, abnormal-level loads can be governed either by the presence and geometrical properties of large discrete features (e.g. first-year ridges and stamukhi, or in the arctic, multi-year floes with thick ridges), or by very thick ice as a result of thermal growth. It is demonstrated how errors in key contributing ice parameters can influence extreme-level loads, and the relationship between level/rafted ice loads at the abnormal level and the factored (1.35) extreme-level values, and how these uncertainties might be considered in the design process.
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Fradette, Michael, and Ke Max Zhang. "Energy Storage for a Sustainable Development." In ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer and InterPACK09 Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2009-90214.
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The CU Green, Palamanui Project Team worked to create an integrated document for the developers of Palamanui, a 725 acre community on the Big Island of Hawaii consisting of residential sections, a business park, town center, university, and hotel, regarding how the development can be more sustainable and environmental aware. The document addresses engineering issues, alongside architectural and environmental issues, including but not limited to solar generation, energy storage, plug in hybrid vehicles (PHEV), microgrids, smart architectural and landscape design, load management, waste water treatment, and the business aspects of each technology. The team worked together to combine engineering, environmental, social, architectural, and business aspects into a single overarching document recommending how the development can move towards sustainability. The following paper addresses the energy storage aspects for the Palamanui development, analyzing different technologies, operating scenarios, and financial results. Incorporating an energy-storage system in the Palamanui development is beneficial for all involved parties. Residents benefit from a more reliable grid, with increased distributed generation. The community and environment will benefit from increased solar generation and a reduction in required peak generation from HELCO, corresponding to a decrease in greenhouse gas emissions and pollutants. Lastly, the developers benefit because the property can be marketed as a sustainable development with a more reliable grid, thus increasing market value. The storage system can exist as a centralized plant, being a large battery bank or compressed-air-energy storage system (CAES), or the system can be distributed throughout the development as plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEV) or individual home batteries. Of the many energy storage methods available, three are seriously considered for the Palamanui development: sodium sulfur battery banks, lead-acid battery banks, and small-scale CAES in fabricated vessels. Battery banks and CAES operate under the same concept, drawing energy from the grid during times of low demand (10 p.m. to 6 a.m.) or from excess solar generation. During times of peak demand, stored energy is discharged to the grid to meet daily loads. Of all the systems analyzed, the final recommendation is block storage distributed throughout the development using sodium-sulfur (NaS) batteries. Sodium-sulfur batteries are the most appealing because of the small footprint, long lifetime, and lower lifetime cost. CAES systems with natural-gas prove to be too expensive with Hawaii’s high natural-gas prices. CAES without natural-gas has potential, but with little to no commercial testing having been done on this systems, further investigation is required and strongly recommended.
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Bellini, Oscar Eugenio. "Green camouflage: una nuova identità per le infrastrutture urbane nella città densa." In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Roma: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7982.
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La crescente richiesta di città più ecologiche e sostenibili impone il ripensamento dei manufatti
e delle attrezzature che vanno sotto la denominazione di infrastrutture urbane. Diventate un
imprescindibile componente fisica dell’ecosistema urbano hanno infatti assunto, nella città
contemporanea, l’involontario ruolo di testimoni della contrapposizione tra contesto naturale e
ambiente artificiale.
Attualmente oggetto di una riflessione critica che sta spostando l’interesse dalla loro
configurazione estetico/funzionale alla verifica di compatibilità ambientale e paesaggistica, esse
possono essere ripensate, anche grazie all’impiego della vegetazione e del verde tecnologico,
quale azione preliminare verso la loro rigenerazione e quella degli “infra-luoghi” che ad esse si
accompagnano.
Al di là delle tendenze modaiole, che sovente scadono nel greenwashing, l’inverdimento delle
infrastrutture può rappresentare l’occasione per rendere ambientalmente più sostenibili
consistenti porzioni di città, anche in ragione degli importanti benefici che la vegetazione
produce: riduzione dell’isola di calore, controllo del deflusso delle acque piovane, abbattimento
dell’inquinamento atmosferico e del rumore, etc.
In questo contesto i dispositivi del camouflage, attuati con il verde, possono aprire ad una
nuova estetica, favorendo la dissimulazione di queste attrezzature all’interno della città.
Il saggio propone un primo bilancio di una ricerca, tutt’ora in corso, sulle potenzialità
dell’impiego della vegetazione nella città densa quale strumento con cui ripensare e riabilitare le
infrastrutture e i relativi spazi, che deturpano il paesaggio urbano, formulando alcune riflessioni,
contestualizzate per concreti risultati raggiunti, su come le tecniche del camouflage e della
mimicry possono contribuire a migliorare il ruolo e la natura di queste attrezzature urbane,
altrimenti solo ed esclusivamente funzionali. The growing demand for more environmentally friendly and sustainable cities requires the
rethinking of the artifacts and equipment that we commonly call gray infrastructure.
They have become an inevitable physical component of the urban ecosystem and have in fact
assumed, in the contemporary city, the involuntary role of witnesses to the contrast between
natural and artificial environment. Gray Infrastructures are currently subject to a critical reflection
about their environmental compatibility as well as their aesthetic/functional configuration; that is why they can be rethought, by use of vegetation and ecotechgreen, to regenerate the "infraplaces"
which they accompany.
Beyond the greenwashing, the greening of infrastructure could be an opportunity to make more
environmentally consistent parts of the high city, also because of the important benefits that
vegetation produces: heat island reduction, control of storm water runoff, reducing air pollution
and noise, etc.
Intervening in many environmental aspects, ‘ecotechgreen’ becomes the premise for a new
environmental planning with which to transform towns into more efficient ecosystems.
In this context, the devices of camouflage, practiced by ecotechgreen, can open a new urban
aesthetic, facilitating the disguise of these facilities within the city.
This paper presents partial results of an ongoing research, about different planning approaches
relative to these urban components into the high density city, and it shows how the techniques
of camouflage and mimicry may help to improve the role and nature of these urban facilities.
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Comfort, George, and Ken Croasdale. "Ice Crushing Global Ice Pressures and Contact Area Geometry." In SNAME 10th International Conference and Exhibition on Performance of Ships and Structures in Ice. SNAME, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2012-159.
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The ice load predictors in present codes tend to be empirical. The empirical relationships are heavily influenced by data from relatively small areas and thickness ranges. One uncertainty in applying the predictors is related to the effect of different contact zone geometries, as these variations tend to get “smeared” over the whole contact zone in the present empirical predictors. An approach (termed the Two-Zone Model) was developed to investigate the effect of various contact zone geometries on global loads and pressures. The contact zone was divided into two independent zones based on their proximity to a free edge. Lower pressures were prescribed for the Outer Zone on the presumption that these would be governed by spalling and flaking of the ice. Various approaches were explored to develop the Two-Zone Model to provide insights and identify sensitivities; and two Cases were used for sample analyses. The Two-Zone model was run for three scenarios producing significantly different contact zone geometries. Of course, the results are sensitive to the assumptions made regarding the pressures within, and the extents of, the Inner and Outer Zones. The work serves to highlight some of the uncertainties involved in estimating ice loads associated with severe ice-structure events. It is hoped that it will help to point a way forward for taking more direct account of the variations in contact zone geometries created by major ice-structure interaction scenarios. Further work in the form of both modelling improvements and large-scale measurements, would be beneficial to quantify the key inputs and relationships for the Two-Zone model. In fact, exercising this type of model helps to highlight the uncertainties and emphasizes the need for full-scale data at larger areas than measured to date and over a range of aspect ratios design ice loads will be determined by the ice crushing pressure applied over the contact area. It is also usual to assume that the maximum average ice crushing pressure will decrease with increasing contact area. Such a trend is well supported by the empirical treatment of measured values from many sources including indentation tests, ship rams, instrumented structures and large scale experiments such as Hans Island. Many theoretical approaches and concepts can also be invoked to support such a trend. These include, fracture theory for brittle solids, statistical treatment of high pressures zones and multi-zone failures. Even plasticity theory can demonstrate a downward trend with indenter width. Data and observations show that contact pressures are not uniform within the contact zone, and uncertainty remains regarding how pressures are distributed within the contact zone. This is of concern because different ice-structure interaction scenarios can produce contact zones that vary significantly with respect to their width, depth and geometry. For example, the interaction of a first-year or multi-year ice sheet with an offshore structure will tend to create a contact zone that is considerably wider than its depth. In contrast, an iceberg impact is likely to generate a contact with much larger depth. A multi-year ridge interacting with a wide offshore structure would generate nonuniform contact zone conditions, as the contact zone depth would vary across the width of the structure. Although these cases could generate contact zones with the same overall area, they would differ substantially. The iceberg impact case is more confined as more of the contact zone is farther away from a free edge. Intuitively, one would expect that this would have an effect on the contact pressures, and hence, the total loads produced by the crushing interaction. There is uncertainty in applying data from one interaction shape to another.