Relevant bibliographies by topics / Long-term fallow

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Academic literature on the topic 'Long-term fallow'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Long-term fallow"

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GANESHAMURTHY, A. N. "Soil changes following long-term cultivation of pulses." Journal of Agricultural Science 147, no. 6 (June 23, 2009): 699–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859609990104.

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SUMMARYStudies were conducted on Entisols to understand the effects of continuous pulse cultivation on soil chemical, physical and biological properties by comparing with continuous non-pulse crops and uncultivated soils. Soils of a Typic Ustochrept, developed from the same parent material, from 16-year-old pulse cultivation fields, non-pulse crop fields and uncultivated fallow fields in a location with uniform topography were analysed using a polyphasic approach combining traditional soil physical and chemical analysis, culture-dependent and independent microbiological analysis and enzymatic analysis. Among the soil physical properties, only soil aggregate stability and soil compaction showed significant improvement in soils under pulses than non-pulse crops. Compared to uncultivated fallows, the soil pH after pulse cultivation was about 1 unit lower while non-pulse crop cultivation reduced it by 0·36. The chemical and biological variables that contribute most to the discrimination of the pulses effect and non-pulse crops effect on soil quality are organic carbon (C), microbial biomass C, nitrogen (N) and biomass ninhydrin-N, and secondary variables related to N cycle:nitrate (NO3–N), organic and total soluble N. The enzyme activities were significantly higher in soils after pulse cultivation than after non-pulse crops or uncultivated fallow. The soil quality of pulse cultivation fields seems to be markedly different to that of non-pulse crop fields and uncultivated fallows in terms of all the variables studied.
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CHANG, C., T. G. SOMMERFELDT, T. ENTZ, and D. R. STALKER. "LONG-TERM SOIL MOISTURE STATUS IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 70, no. 2 (May 1, 1990): 125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss90-015.

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Nineteen years of soil moisture content data at Lethbridge and two locations near Turin (Turin 1 and Turin 2) in southern Alberta were examined to evaluate the efficiency of follow for conserving moisture, and to calculate the long-term mean amount of water recharge during growing and nongrowing seasons under a fallow-cereal, 2-yr rotation and a continuous cropping system. Soil samples were taken annually from 1969 to 1987 to a depth of 120 cm in 30-cm intervals in the spring (early May) and fall (late September). A method for testing differences of means between nonstandard data using localized uncertainty associated with sliding polynomial smoothing was used to test for differences in the soil moisture contents due to cultural practices. The available soil moisture content of the soil to 120-cm depth was at least 50% of available water-holding capacity (AWHC) of the profile for the fallow treatment at Lethbridge and Turin 2, and, except in some years, at Turin 1. At seeding time, there was an average of 69 mm more available water (AW) in the fallow field than in the continuous cropping field at Lethbridge and 30, 35 and 27 mm more AW in the fallow field than in the fresh stubble field of a fallow-cereal, 2-yr rotation for Lethbridge, Turin 1 and Turin 2, respectively. The overall mean precipitation conserved as soil moisture for the fallow-cereal rotation practice was 23, 29 and 23% for Lethbridge, Turin 1 and Turin 2, respectively. The significantly higher soil water content at the 90- to 120-cm depth for the fallow field than for other fields during various periods of time indicates that the soil water recharge from precipitation might be deeper in the fallow field than in continuous cropping and fresh stubble of fallow-cereal rotation fields. The deeper soil water recharge could increase the available soil moisture for crop production and it could also contribute to ground water recharge. Key words: Soil water, available water content, continuous cropping, summerfallow
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Wang, G., J. Jin, X. Chen, J. Liu, X. Liu, and S. J. Herbert. "Biomass and catabolic diversity of microbial communities with long-term restoration, bare fallow and cropping history in Chinese Mollisols." Plant, Soil and Environment 53, No. 4 (January 7, 2008): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2313-pse.

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Microbial biomass and community catabolic diversities at three depths (0−10 cm, 20−30 cm, and 40−50 cm) in Chinese Mollisols as influenced by long-term managements of natural restoration, cropping and bare fallow were investigated. Microbial biomass was estimated from chloroform fumigation-extraction and substrate-induced respiration (SIR), and catabolic diversity was determined by using Biolog® EcoPlate. Experimental results showed that microbial biomass significantly declined with soil depth in the treatments of restoration and cropping, and not in the treatment of bare fallow, where the microbial biomass had a positive relationship with the total soil C content. The inspections into the catabolic capability of the microbial community at the same soil depth showed that the treatment of natural restoration had a relatively stronger metabolic ability than the cropping and bare fallow treatments. Shannon”s diversity index, substrate richness and substrate evenness calculated from the Biolog data were higher in the treatments of natural restoration and cropping than the bare fallow treatment with the same soil depth, and with the highest values in the top soil. Principal component analysis indicated that the catabolic profiles not only varied with the soil depth in each treatment, but also differed in the three treatments within the same soil depth. The catabolic profiles of the three treatments were similar to each other in the soil depth of 0−10 cm and distinctly different in the soil depths of 20−30 cm and 40−50 cm. These results suggest that it was microbial biomass rather than community function that was influenced by the different soil management in the topsoil (0−10 cm); in the relative depths, the soil microbial community function was more easily influenced than microbial biomass.
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Selles, F., and R. P. Zentner. "Spring wheat yield trends in long-term fertility trials." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 73, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps93-011.

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Results from a 16-yr fertility study conducted on fallow and stubble throughout southwestern Saskatchewan were used to assess the effects of technology adoption on spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields and the influence of available N on the yield effect of these new technologies. The magnitude of the residual trend (after the effect of growing-season precipitation was removed) was considered to reflect the yield increases attributable solely to the newly adopted technologies. Of the independent variables monitored, May and July precipitation and total available water on fallow plots were affected by time. Yields of wheat grown on stubble and fallow increased by an average 48 and 64 kg ha−1 yr−1, respectively. Of this annual yield increase, 52% on stubble and 78% on fallow were attributed to the adoption of new production technologies, with the remainder being explained by the trends observed in May and July precipitation. Nitrogen availability was an important factor in determining the magnitude of the trend due to technology adoption. The technology trend increased linearly from about 10 kg ha−1 yr−1, at the lowest available N levels, to about 65 kg ha−1 yr−1 when 98 kg N ha−1 was available; there were no further yield increases above this level of N. These results demonstrate that the full benefits of adopting new production technologies and more productive cultivars may not be achieved unless other growth-limiting factors, such as N availability, are removed. Further, this study demonstrates that researchers conducting long-term studies must be aware of possible time trends that may alter or obscure effects of treatments, thus making detrending procedures a basic requirement of data analyses in these types of studies. Key words: Spring wheat, yields, N fertilizer, available nitrogen, available water, trends
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Johnston, Adrian M., Francis J. Larney, and C. Wayne Lindwall. "Spring Wheat and Barley Response to Long-Term Fallow Management." Journal of Production Agriculture 8, no. 2 (April 1995): 264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jpa1995.0264.

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Guenet, Bertrand, Sabrina Juarez, Gérard Bardoux, Valérie Pouteau, Nathalie Cheviron, Christelle Marrauld, Luc Abbadie, and Claire Chenu. "Metabolic capacities of microorganisms from a long-term bare fallow." Applied Soil Ecology 51 (November 2011): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2011.07.006.

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ZENTNER, R. P., and C. A. CAMPBELL. "FIRST 18 YEARS OF A LONG-TERM CROP ROTATION STUDY IN SOUTHWESTERN SASKATCHEWAN – YIELDS, GRAIN PROTEIN, AND ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 68, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps88-001.

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The effects of rotation length, crop sequence, and N and P fertilizers on yield, grain quality, and economic performance of 10 crop rotations in an ongoing experiment conducted on a Brown Chernozemic silty loam soil at Swift Current, Saskatchewan are discussed after the first 18 yr. When N and P fertilizers were applied based on soil tests, yields of wheat grown on fallow were similar for the 2-yr and 3-yr wheat rotations (1905 kg ha−1). Yields of wheat grown on N- and P-fertilized stubble were also similar whether grown in 3-yr or continuous rotations (1379 kg ha−1). Stubble wheat yields were unaffected by the preceding crop, except when following flax in a continuous-type rotation where it was suppressed due to moisture competition from weeds. Fertilizer N had no affect on yields of wheat grown on fallow because little N was required or applied; but yields of wheat grown on stubble were increased 7% when grown in a 3-yr rotation and 17% when grown continuously. Application of P fertilizer increased fallow and stubble wheat yields by 11–12%. In contrast to seeded area yields, total wheat production was lowest for the fallow-wheat rotation (949 kg ha−1 yr−1), intermediate for fallow-wheat-wheat (1105 kg ha−1 yr−1), and highest for wheat grown continuously (1354 kg ha−1 yr−1). Protein concentrations in wheat grown on fallow were similar in the 2-yr and 3-yr wheat rotations and were generally higher than that found in wheat grown on stubble, except when wheat was grown on flax stubble. Fallow-wheat was the most profitable rotation when wheat prices were below $130.00 t−1. At wheat prices between $130.00 and $160.00 t−1, the fallow-wheat and fallow-wheat-wheat rotations provided the highest and about equal net return; between wheat prices of $160.00 and $275.00 t−1, fallow-wheat-wheat provided the highest net return while continuous wheat provided the highest net return for wheat prices above $275.00 t−1. The cost of producing wheat was lowest for fallow-wheat ($88.00 t−1), intermediate for fallow-wheat-wheat ($94.00 t−1), and highest for continuous wheat ($138.00 t−1). Income variability and risk of financial loss decreased as the proportion of fallow in the rotation increased.Key words: Crop rotations, protein, fertilizer effects, net returns, costs, income variability
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Barré, P., T. Eglin, B. T. Christensen, P. Ciais, S. Houot, T. Kätterer, F. van Oort, et al. "Quantifying and isolating stable soil organic carbon using long-term bare fallow experiments." Biogeosciences 7, no. 11 (November 26, 2010): 3839–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-3839-2010.

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Abstract. The stability of soil organic matter (SOM) is a major source of uncertainty in predicting atmospheric CO2 concentration during the 21st century. Isolating the stable soil carbon (C) from other, more labile, C fractions in soil is of prime importance for calibrating soil C simulation models, and gaining insights into the mechanisms that lead to soil C stability. Long-term experiments with continuous bare fallow (vegetation-free) treatments in which the decay of soil C is monitored for decades after all inputs of C have stopped, provide a unique opportunity to assess the quantity of stable soil C. We analyzed data from six bare fallow experiments of long-duration (>30 yrs), covering a range of soil types and climate conditions, and sited at Askov (Denmark), Grignon and Versailles (France), Kursk (Russia), Rothamsted (UK), and Ultuna (Sweden). A conceptual three pool model dividing soil C into a labile pool (turnover time of a several years), an intermediate pool (turnover time of a several decades) and a stable pool (turnover time of a several centuries or more) fits well with the long term C decline observed in the bare fallow soils. The estimate of stable C ranged from 2.7 g C kg−1 at Rothamsted to 6.8 g C kg−1 at Grignon. The uncertainty associated with estimates of the stable pool was large due to the short duration of the fallow treatments relative to the turnover time of stable soil C. At Versailles, where there is least uncertainty associated with the determination of a stable pool, the soil contains predominantly stable C after 80 years of continuous bare fallow. Such a site represents a unique research platform for characterization of the nature of stable SOM and its vulnerability to global change.
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Hannah, MC, and GJ O'Leary. "Wheat yield response to rainfall in a long-term multi-rotation experiment in the Victorian Wimmera." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35, no. 7 (1995): 951. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9950951.

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Seventy-six years of wheat yield data from a long-term rotation experiment at Dooen in the Victorian Wimmera were analysed to describe the response of wheat yield to seasonal rainfall, crop sequence, and time. Wheat yields from 7 different 1- to 4-course rotations involving wheat, barley, oat, field pea, grass pasture and fallow were compared as a function of growing-season (May-November) rainfall. The field layout had no within-year replication, but each phase of each rotation was represented once in each year. An approximate quadratic response of wheat yield to both current year and previous year May-November rainfall was observed for each rotation. Previous year May-November rainfall boosted wheat yields grown on fallow, but decreased the yield of wheat grown on field pea or wheat stubble. Highest wheat yields followed fallow preceded by pasture, high yields followed fallow preceded by a cereal, moderate yields followed field pea, and low yields occurred for continuous wheat. Long-term trends in wheat yields adjusted for rainfall depended on crop sequence and fluctuated more in the non-fallow, 3-course rotations. Over the 76 years, average yield declined in all rotations except the continuous wheat, which was always low, but there was evidence that yield of all continuous cropped rotations had increased during the last 2 decades.
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Beke, G. J., H. H. Janzen, and T. Entz. "Salinity and nutrient distribution in soil profiles of long-term crop rotations." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 74, no. 2 (May 1, 1994): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss94-031.

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The effect of cropping systems on salt and nutrient movement in soil has been studied mainly at relatively short-term (< 20 yr) experimental sites or at commercial sites without documented history. This study investigated the impact of two similar, unfertilized, long-term crop rotation experiments, differing in duration and experimental design, on soil EC (salinity), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), nitrate-N, and extractable-P distributions in semi-arid southern Alberta. The experiments, established in 1911 and 1951 at the Lethbridge Research Station on moderately well drained soils, included continuous spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fallow-wheat-wheat and fallow-wheat cropping sequences. Regardless of length of experiment or cropping sequence, the salinity and SAR values increased with soil depth. Leaching of salts had occurred to a minimum depth of 150 cm, depending on the nature of the parent material and soil-drainage volumes. Within the 90- to 150-cm depth, most salt leaching had taken place under the fallow-wheat rotation and least under the continuous-wheat cropping sequence. Downward movement of nitrate-N generally peaked in the lower root zone, regardless of cropping system or duration of the experiment. Deep leaching of nitrate-N had occurred in the fallow-wheat soil. Movement of extractable P was restricted to the 0- to 30-cm depth. Significant deep leaching of salts had taken place over the 35-yr period of the 1951 experiment whereas the longer, 75-yr period of the 1911 experiment was required to cause significant deep leaching of nitrate-N and of extractable P movement in the 0- to 30-cm depth. Key words: Dryland crop rotations, summerfallow, semi-arid region, soil salinity, soil nitrate and phosphate
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Long-term fallow"

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Widell, Torbjörn. "Klimatnytta och ekonomiskt incitament med snabbväxande hybridasp (Populus tremula L. x P. tremuloides Michx.) på åkermark." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för skog och träteknik (SOT), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105338.

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Keise, Kay. "Preventing Falls in Long-Term Care Facilities." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7813.

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Falls and related injuries have affected residents in long-term care facilities for many years. It has been well-established that patient fall prevention includes staff education and hourly rounding in addition to adequate risk assessment. These steps, taken together, have the potential to decrease a 52.7% fall rate on the long-term care pilot unit. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to: (a) educate staff on the process of properly performing hourly rounding and (b) and achieve a decreased incidence of falls from the current fall rate. Thus, the practice-focused question for the project addressed whether rounding hourly on patients in a long-term care facility would decrease the numbers of falls and related injuries. The conceptual framework used for this evidence-based project was the Institute for Healthcare Improvement's rapid cycle improvement. A sample size of 40 residents' fall rates were compared for a 6-week period before the intervention of hourly rounding to the fall rates after 6 weeks of full implementation of the rounding process. A Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test (z = -4.169, p < .001) showed that there was a statistically significant improvement in staff knowledge when mean pretest scores (75.9%) were compared to posttest scores (94.5%). Nursing staff were also evaluated on competencies, and 100% of the staff successfully completed the competency checklist on the first attempt. Post project fall rates revealed a decreased fall rate by 22% over a 6-week period post implementation. Nursing leadership should ensure that staff are continually educated on policies being implemented to ensure an effective outcome. Having hourly rounding as a permanent policy can decrease the patient's fall rate and improve patient safety, a positive social change.
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Aguwa, Henrietta. "Nursing Education to Prevent Resident Falls in Long-Term Care." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7455.

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Residents in nursing facilities are more prone to falls than those living in the community. Injuries resulting from falls impact residents, their families, and healthcare costs. The gap in nursing practice was the lack of a comprehensive fall-prevention program in a long-term care facility that had experienced high fall rates among residents. This project addressed whether an educational program using the American Medical Directors Association's clinical practice guideline and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's STEADI (Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, & Injuries) toolkit for fall- prevention improved the self-efficacy of direct-care staff in preventing falls among residents in a long-term care facility. The practice-focused question focused on whether education on the use of an integrated multifactorial fall-prevention guideline would increase confidence of long-term care staff in reducing falls in long-term care residents. The evaluation used the 11-item Self-Efficacy for Preventing Falls-Nurse scale for 5 licensed nursing staff and the 8-item Self-Efficacy for Preventing Falls-Assistant scale for 21 nursing assistants. The positive change in self-efficacy scores of nurses and nursing assistants after the education program was greatest for face-to-face team communication regarding fall risk and individual resident prevention plans. The use of best-practice guidelines that improve fall risk-assessment and use of fall precautions to decrease the number of falls and falls with injury has the potential to bring about positive social change by improving the nursing care of nursing home residents, resulting in improved resident safety and quality of life.
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Bishop, Keith Allan. "Predictor Variables Related To Falls In A Long-Term Care Environment." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9717.

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Although a great deal is known about the etiology of falls in elderly individuals, fall accidents continue to represent a significant burden to elders residing in long-term care facilities. It has been stated that 75% of deaths due to falls in the United States occur in the 13% of the population age 65 and over. The first objective of the study was to identify which fall-predictor variables acknowledged in the research literature are associated with increased fall frequency with the older population. Identifying specific predictor variables related to a high occurrence of falls in long-term care setting can assist in the redesign of tools and programs aimed to recognize fall risk, and prevent fall-related accidents and fatalities in the geriatric population. The second objective of the study was to identify which combination of predictor variables could better predict the frequency of falls. A history of falls variable was the only predictive variable that differed significantly between groups of residents who had sustained subsequent falls and those who had not. Other variables including age, mental status, day number of stay, elimination, visual impairment, confinement, blood pressure drop, gait and balance, and medication were found to not be statistically significant between groups of fallers and non-fallers. In this setting, the current design of the tool had limited accuracy and exhibited an inability to effectively discriminate between resident populations at risk of falling and those not at risk of falling. Consequently, the current fall risk assessment tool is not adequate for assessing fall risk in this clinical setting.
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Poole, Wilson Tiffany. "Utilization of Activity Monitoring Devices in the Documentation of Patient Fall Occurrences in Long-Term Healthcare Settings." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1447691201.

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Sabaté, Rotés Anna. "Restoration of pulmonary valve competence in patients with repaired tetralogy of fallot, short and long-term experience." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284053.

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La tetralogia de Fallot és la cardiopatia congènita cianògena més freqüent. Des de que es va començar a reparar amb èxit a mitjans dels anys 50, els pacients amb aquesta cardiopatia tenen una esperança de vida més llarga incrementant el número de pacients que sobreviuen a l’edat adulta. La regurgitació valvular pulmonar severa és habitual en aquests pacients, requerint freqüentment substitució valvular pulmonar. Actualment, encara no hi ha consens en quin és el moment apropiat i l’abordatge quirúrgic adequat per la substitució valvular pulmonar, sobretot si es vol preservar la funció ventricular i millorar la capacitat funcional i el pronòstic a llarg termini. Aquesta Tesi estudia la supervivència, el risc de reintervenció i d’arítmia ventricular després de la substitució valvular pulmonar, junt amb l’impacte en la capacitat funcional i el rol de les noves tècniques ecocardiogràfiques en pacients amb tetralogia de Fallot reparada. En resum, els resultats d’aquesta Tesi mostren que els pacients amb tetralogia de Fallot reparada han estat operats de la vàlvula pulmonar tard en la seva evolució, i conseqüentment no s’ha aconseguit uns resultats quirúrgics òptims. Encara que subjectivament la classe funcional i les característiques ecocardiogràfiques mostren millora després de la substitució valvular pulmonar, la mesura objectiva tant de la classe funcional com mitjançant les noves tècniques ecocardiogràfiques no mostren una milloria clínica o estadísticament significativa. A més, la supervivència lliure d’esdeveniments de risc vital i la supervivència global són limitades als 15 anys de seguiment, essent per sota del 80% en una població jove, al voltant dels 30 anys d’edat en el moment de la substitució valvular pulmonar. Tot i això, el moment apropiat s’ha de sospesar amb el risc de reintervenció, ja que operar més aviat pot comportar més risc de reintervenció, especialment en menors de 18 anys. Preoperatòriament, la prova d’esforç pot ser convenient per fer una valoració objectiva de la classe funcional. A més, les noves tècniques ecocardiogràfiques poden ser d’ajuda per avaluar el moment òptim i per fer el seguiment d’aquests pacients, aportant un valor afegit a l’estratègia d’estudi vigent. Per últim, el millor moment i la millor estratègia quirúrgica per restaurar la funció valvular pulmonar en pacients amb tetralogia de Fallot reparada encara no està clar. Varis factors destacats en aquesta Tesi haurien de ser considerats i avaluats per un equip multidisciplinar.
Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. Since the first successful repair on the mid 1950s, numerous contributions have been made leading to an increasing population of tetralogy of Fallot repair survivors. Severe pulmonary regurgitation is common in these patients, requiring pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) at some point during follow-up. Uncertainty remains on defining appropriate intervention referral and the optimal surgical approach aiming to preserve ventricular function and improve functional and vital outcomes in these patients. This Thesis studies survival, risk of reintervention, and risk of ventricular arrhythmia, impact on aerobic capacity and the role of novel echocardiographic techniques on a group of patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot undergoing PVR. In summary, the results of this Thesis show that patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot have been operated on the pulmonary valve late in their disease process to achieve ideal postoperative outcomes. Even though subjective functional class and qualitative echocardiography show improvement after pulmonary valve replacement, objectively measured exercise capacity and novel quantitative functional echocardiographic techniques show no clinically or statistically relevant improvement. In addition, freedom from life-threatening events and overall survival are poor at 15 year follow-up, being below 80% in a young population with a mean of 30 years of age at PVR. However, the appropriate moment for pulmonary valve replacement needs to be balanced with the risk of pulmonary valve reintervention. Operating sooner may lead to earlier need of reintervention, especially in patients younger than 18 years old. Exercise testing may be convenient preoperatively as an objective functional class assessment. Besides, novel deformational echocardiographic techniques may be helpful to determine optimal timing and can be valuable to ongoing serial evaluation, adding to the current imaging strategy. Importantly, the appropriate moment and the best surgical approach for restoring pulmonary valve function in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot are still not clear. Several aspects highlighted in this Thesis should be considered and evaluated by a comprehensive multidisciplinary team.
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Mitchell, Robyn. "Hourly Rounding: A Fall Prevention Strategy in Long-Term Care." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3708.

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Falls and injuries related to falls are some of the most common and costly incidents that occur in the long-term care environment. Purposeful hourly rounding is a proactive way for nursing staff to identify patient needs and demonstrate positive fall prevention outcomes. This project examined a process improvement endeavor of a long-term care unit that experienced an increase in the number of falls over 3 months. The purpose was to evaluate whether staff education and implementation of an evidence-based hourly rounding program would affect the number of patient falls. The Johns Hopkins nursing evidence-based conceptual model, Kurt Lewin's change model, and the Shewhart cycle process improvement model were used to implement the change process as well as the Studer Group best practice hourly rounding tools. A sample of 40 residents was included in a quantitative descriptive design describing the implementation of hourly rounding. Staff were educated 30 days prior to implementation. Pre and post project fall rates were retrieved from the VA fall data management system and revealed a 55% decrease over 3 months post staff education. The use of evidence-based hourly rounding measures increased over the same time period. Nurse leaders must ensure rounding programs are evidence-based, clearly defined in policies, and include robust education plans. There are limited studies on the relationship between education and hourly rounding; therefore, future studies should focus on outcomes of initial and ongoing education for program success and sustainability. Falls are a healthcare concern nurses must address at any point-of-care to promote public safety through prevention and to facilitate positive social change by providing a safe hospital environment.
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Aliu, Omokhele Rosemary. "Frequent Fall Risk Assessment Reduces Fall Rates in Elderly Patients in Long-Term Care." Thesis, Walden University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10256725.

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Falls are a serious issue for the elderly living in long-term care facilities, as falls contribute to significant health problems such as increased dependence, loss of autonomy, confusion, immobilization, depression, restriction in daily activities, and, in some cases, death. An estimated 424,000 fatal falls in elderly patients residing in long-term facilities occur annually in the United States costing $34 billion in direct medical costs. One way to reduce falls among elderly patients in long-term care is to assess for fall risk frequently and implement evidence-based strategies to prevent falls. Patients in this project site facility had been assessed for fall risk via the Briggs Fall Risk Assessment Tool with implementation of fall risk iinterventions only upon admission or when there was a fall. The purpose of this project was to assess whether changing to weekly use of the Briggs Fall Risk Assessment Tool with implementation of fall risk interventions by nursing staff could decrease fall rates in the elderly in long-term care in Harris County, Texas. The model of prevention served as the conceptual framework for this project. Thirty participants (20 females and 10 males) between the ages of 65-115 participated in the program. Pre-implementation data were collected for 1 month and post-implementation data were collected for 1 month. The total number of falls reported weekly was counted before and after the weekly implementation of the Briggs Fall Risk Assessment Tool. The number of falls decreased from 12(70.6%) before the implementation of the assessment tool to 5(29.4%) falls afterwards. A fall prevention program in long-term care may affect social change positively by reducing fall risk in long term care by reinforcing the importance of increased awareness of risk of falls to implement fall prevention strategies

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Spirgienė, Lina. "Pagyvenusių žmonių griuvimų rizikos įvertinimas ilgalaikės globos institucijose." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060619_120601-40584.

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The aim of this study was to investigate fall risk and predisposing factors for fall among the residents in long-term care institutions. Methods. Elderly care homes residents 48 men (mean ± SD, 78,6±7,0) and 101 women (mean ± SD, 81,6±6,4), all 149 residents, participated in the study. For investigation a questionnaire was used, which was made according literature and including following instruments: Environmental Falls Audit Tool – Individual, Falls Risk Assessment Tool and Risk Factor Checklist, Mini Mental State Examination. Results. The most frequently diseases among men and women were heart and vascular (89,6 % and 92,1 %) and eyes diseases (70,8 % and 75,2 %). Ambulatory aid was needed for a half of all residents (54,4 %); ambulatory aid, which respondents didn’t want to used were three times common for women than men (p=0,007). Most residents had low fall risk (72,5 %), but high fall risk was more common in women (14,9 %) than men group (4,2 %); there were no significant difference between groups. High fall risk significantly dominated among the residents older than 85 year in comparison with 65-74 and 75-84 year age groups. Residents who had lower education (p<0,001), were older (p=0,005) and took more medications (p=0,002) had higher fall risk scores evaluated by Fall Risk Assessment Tool. Residents who had such risk factors as unsafe mobility, over-reaches transfer, forgot gait aids, observed behavioural agitation, disorientation had more medium-high fall risk... [to full text]
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Robinson, Lisa. "Self-management and adherence with exercise-based falls prevention programmes for older people with long-term conditions : a framework for physiotherapy practice." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2012. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/8448/.

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Introduction: This study aimed to work with older people attending a regional falls and syncope service, older people with the falls-associated chronic liver disease primary biliary cirrhosis, relatives and local physiotherapy practitioners to develop a framework for physiotherapy practice to promote self-management and adherence with an exercise based falls prevention programme for older people with a long-term condition. Methods: Focus groups were conducted with older people attending a regional falls and syncope service (3 groups, total 12 participants), relatives (1 group, total 4 participants) and local physiotherapists (4 groups, total 18 participants). Participants were asked to propose strategies to promote self-management and adherence with an exercise-based falls prevention programme. These strategies were tested and refined in an experimental case-series for 10 older people with primary biliary cirrhosis. Findings: The older people participating in the focus group research expressed a long-term commitment to exercise-based falls prevention programmes. They valued approaches that promoted self-efficacy and self-management. The physiotherapists indicated that the older people they came into contact with were poorly motivated to participate in an exercise-based falls prevention programme. They demonstrated a limited awareness of strategies to promote self-efficacy and self-management. Visual analysis of the experimental case-series data revealed unstable baselines and fluctuations throughout the treatment and follow up phases in keeping with variations in disease-specific quality of life measures, suggesting that long-term conditions interact with measures that predict and monitor falls-risk and self-efficacy. The exercise-based falls prevention programmes had perceived benefit for older people with primary biliary cirrhosis. However, this was not evident in the measures selected, many of which demonstrated a ceiling effect in the population group under investigation. The self-management strategies had low levels of perceived acceptability. Participants indicated that they lacked the necessary skills to monitor their progress with an exercise-based falls prevention programme on completion of the experimental case-series. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that self-management does not sit comfortably within the philosophy of routine clinical practice. The framework for physiotherapy practice developed during the course of the current study has the potential to empower physiotherapists and older people with long-term conditions identified as being at increased risk of falling to work in partnership to challenge existing approaches to clinical service delivery.
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Books on the topic "Long-term fallow"

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McElligott, Alan G. Fighting, vocal activity, annual mating success and lifetime mating success of Fallow bucks (Dama dama L.): Short-term investment and long-term cost. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1997.

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Association, American Medical Directors. Falls and fall risk: Clinical practice guideline, 1998. [Columbia, Md.?]: American Medical Directors Association, 1998.

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Schneider, Barbara. Clinical protocol series for care managers in community based long-term care. Philadelphia, PA (642 North Broad St., Philadelphia 19130-3409): Philadelphia Corporation for Aging, 1995.

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Schneider, Barbara. Clinical protocol series for care managers in community based long-term care. Philadelphia, PA (642 North Broad St., Philadelphia 19130-3409): Philadelphia Corporation for Aging, 1995.

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Schneider, Barbara. Clinical protocol series for care managers in community based long-term care. Philadelphia, PA (642 North Broad St., Philadelphia 19130-3409): Philadelphia Corporation for Aging, 1995.

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Schneider, Barbara. Clinical protocol series for care managers in community based long-term care. Philadelphia, PA (642 North Broad St., Philadelphia 19130-3409): Philadelphia Corporation for Aging, 1995.

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Schneider, Barbara. Clinical protocol series for care managers in community based long-term care. Philadelphia, PA (642 North Broad St., Philadelphia 19130-3409): Philadelphia Corporation for Aging, 1995.

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Schneider, Barbara. Clinical protocol series for care managers in community based long-term care. Philadelphia, PA (642 North Broad St., Philadelphia 19130-3409): Philadelphia Corporation for Aging, 1995.

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Schneider, Barbara. Clinical protocol series for care managers in community based long-term care. Philadelphia, PA (642 North Broad St., Philadelphia 19130-3409): Philadelphia Corporation for Aging, 1995.

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Schneider, Barbara. Clinical protocol series for care managers in community based long-term care. Philadelphia, PA (642 North Broad St., Philadelphia 19130-3409): Philadelphia Corporation for Aging, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Long-term fallow"

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Morrow, C. J., G. W. Asher, and H. N. Jabbour. "Effects of Strategic Short-term and Long-term Melatonin Treatment on Estrous Cyclicity in Fallow Deer." In The Biology of Deer, 354. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2782-3_76.

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Bado, B. V., A. Bationo, F. Lompo, K. Traore, M. P. Sedogo, and M. P. Cescas. "Long Term Effects of Crop Rotations with Fallow or Groundnut on Soil Fertility and Succeeding Sorghum Yields in the Guinea Savannah of West Africa." In Lessons learned from Long-term Soil Fertility Management Experiments in Africa, 27–40. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2938-4_2.

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Zanini, E., E. Bonifacio, and B. Biasiol. "Heavy Metals in Soils After a Long—Term Industrial Fallout: A Case Study Near Turin (Italy)." In Soil & Environment, 453–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2008-1_95.

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Casaldaliga, J. "Mid- and Long-term Postoperative Results of Tetralogy of Fallot Cases Operated on in the Hospital Infantil, Ciudad Sanitaria ‘Vall d’Hebron’ (1971–1983)." In Therapeutics in Cardiology, 427–35. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1333-2_48.

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de Assis Neto, Silvano Ramos, Guto Leoni Santos, Elisson da Silva Rocha, Malika Bendechache, Pierangelo Rosati, Theo Lynn, and Patricia Takako Endo. "Detecting Human Activities Based on a Multimodal Sensor Data Set Using a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Model: A Case Study." In Challenges and Trends in Multimodal Fall Detection for Healthcare, 31–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38748-8_2.

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Wolff, Jonathan. "Beyond Poverty." In Philosophy and Poverty, 23–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31711-9_2.

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AbstractPoverty is often defined as lacking the financial resources to meet a defined set of needs. The stated level of financial resources is taken to define a poverty line. Accordingly, the clear policy response to poverty is to raise the incomes of those who fall below such a line. In this paper, drawing on the capability approach, I argue that this approach is limited in two related ways, and it is necessary to move “beyond poverty” both in a conceptual and a policy sense. First, it is rarely if ever the case that a particular level of financial resources is necessary or sufficient to meet a set of needs, as other factors also act as critical inputs. Second, to bring people over the threshold set of needs, policies that do not raise income, such as the provision of collective goods, will often be more effective in the long term than income transfers. Nevertheless, in the short-term raising incomes will often be the easiest and most available strategy and hence there is also reason to retain the concept of poverty and related policies.
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Cihacek, L. J., and M. G. Ulmer. "Estimated Soil Organic Carbon Losses from Long-Term Crop-Fallow in the Northern Great Plains of the USA." In Soil Management and Greenhouse Effect, 85–92. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203739310-7.

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Shennan, Andrew. "The long term: legacies." In The Fall of France, 1940, 156–68. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315842134-9.

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Tilman, David. "Listening to Nature and Letting Data Be “Trump”." In Long-Term Ecological Research. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199380213.003.0022.

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My long-term research, which has focused on major ecological mysteries and questions, has provided many unexpected insights into the processes, mechanisms, and feedbacks that determine the structure and functioning of the grassland ecosystems. Many of these insights have emerged from exploring these questions with a combination of well-replicated field experiments, long-term observations, and predictions of theory. A major source of research creativity has been my instinct to pay the deepest attention to any rigorous results that fall outside the realm of current paradigms, concepts, or theoretical predictions, including the predictions of my own theories. I refer to this as “listening to nature” and letting data be “trump.” It is when current ideas fail and “things fall apart” that new hypotheses are generated that are so crucial for the advancement of science. My teaching builds on this approach: trying to have each lecture explore a mystery or paradox, including those with which I am currently grappling, and challenging my students to propose solutions. Perhaps because they are not saturated with the current paradigms of ecology, students and members of the public frequently respond to ecological mysteries with great creativity. I believe that the amazing privilege of having public support for my research obliges me to communicate my findings of relevance to society through public talks, testimony to legislative committees, interviews with the media, and discussion with business leaders. In 1981, when we were writing the initial Cedar Creek Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) proposal, I was a 32-year-old, 6-year-post-PhD associate professor at the University of Minnesota. I had spent most of my career doing mathematical theory and laboratory studies of resource competition between freshwater algae. I had started doing nutrient-addition field experiments in the Cedar Creek grasslands only 3 years earlier and had just finished writing a book on resource competition (Tilman 1982). Hutchinson’s (1961) “paradox of the plankton”—the search for the forces and processes that allowed so many competing species to coexist with each other, whether algae in lakes, herbaceous species in grasslands, or trees in tropical forests—was intriguing.
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Yates, Robert. "Tetralogy of Fallot." In ESC CardioMed, 814–18. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0192.

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Primary repair is now the favoured approach for most patients with tetralogy of Fallot, and has excellent results. Pulmonary regurgitation is the major management issue during long-term follow-up, and late pulmonary valve replacement by surgery or percutaneous approach may be required.
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Conference papers on the topic "Long-term fallow"

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Hsieh, Sheng-Ta, and Chun-Ling Lin. "Fall Detection Algorithm Based on MPU6050 and Long-Term Short-Term Memory network." In 2020 International Automatic Control Conference (CACS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cacs50047.2020.9289769.

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Louza, J., CL Klappert, R. Gürkov, E. Krause, J. Müller, JM Hempel, and M. Canis. "Cochlear Implant and the risk of falls: a long-term evaluation." In Abstract- und Posterband – 89. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie e.V., Bonn – Forschung heute – Zukunft morgen. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1640467.

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Chen, Suiyao, William D. Kearns, James L. Fozard, and Mingyang Li. "Personalized fall risk assessment for long-term care services improvement." In 2017 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium (RAMS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ram.2017.7889692.

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Swift, Peter, M. Kathryn Knowles, Jerry McNeish, Clifford W. Hansen, Rob Howard, Robert J. MacKinnon, and S. David Sevougian. "Long-Term Performance of the Proposed Yucca Mountain Repository, USA." In 2008 MRS Fall Meetin. Materials Research Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-1124-q01-01.

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Adhikari, Kripesh, Hamid Bouchachia, and Hammadi Nait-Charif. "Long short-term memory networks based fall detection using unified pose estimation." In Twelfth International Conference on Machine Vision, edited by Wolfgang Osten and Dmitry P. Nikolaev. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2556540.

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Anishchenko, Lesya, and Evgeniya Smirnova. "Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory Networks for Fall Detection using Bioradars." In 2020 International Conference on Biomedical Innovations and Applications (BIA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bia50171.2020.9244280.

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Widjaja, Indra, Peter Bosch, and Humberto La Roche. "Comparison of MME Signaling Loads for Long-Term-Evolution Architectures." In 2009 IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2009-Fall). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vetecf.2009.5378833.

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Shen, Qian, Jianliao Deng, Haixiao Lin, Song Zhang, and Yuzhu Wang. "Improving the Medium-long Term Frequency Stability of Pulsed Optically Pumped Rubidium Clock." In 2019 Photonics & Electromagnetics Research Symposium - Fall (PIERS - Fall). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/piers-fall48861.2019.9021351.

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Wang, Wen-Tsuen, and Lou Watkins. "Long-Term Performance of Syntactic Foam Materials in Unusual Environments." In ASME 2005 24th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2005-67276.

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Syntactic foam, a composite material made by combining spherical fillers in a polymeric binder, has been used for over thirty years in the offshore oil industry. To date, the applications of this material have fallen into two categories: (1) buoyancy modules or floats to support drilling risers, or (2) thermal insulation for subsea equipment and flowlines. In the first category, the syntactic foam is exposed only to cold water (4° C). In the second category, the insulation may be subjected to temperatures as high as 150° C. The contrast of these two separate applications has led to two distinct classes of materials, each with its own properties and accepted standards and criteria. Now a new category of usage has arisen: Vertical production risers that require buoyant lift, and sometimes some degree of thermal insulation, for long-term service (20–25 years) in “warm” water that may be in the range of 40° C to 65° C. By combining the buoyancy requirement of lowest possible density with the insulation requirement of prolonged hydrothermal stability, this application poses new challenges for syntactic foam development and demands new directions in testing and analysis. Because of the increasingly large size of emerging offshore projects, the potential requirement here is for very large volumes. This paper describes the materials that have been identified as candidates for the new service, and outlines the testing philosophy that is being evolved to test and qualify them with confidence for very long periods of service. Preliminary test data is presented, along with predictions of long-term performance. Lessons learned during the project will have implications for all syntactic materials, and will be useful to any managers and technologists involved in marine engineering.
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Rauh, Sebastian, Joerg Robert, Thomas Lauterbach, Gerd Kilian, Hendrik Lieske, and Albert Heuberger. "Long-Term LPWAN Sub-GHz Deep Indoor-to-Outdoor Channel Model." In 2019 IEEE 90th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2019-Fall). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vtcfall.2019.8891297.

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Reports on the topic "Long-term fallow"

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Dahl, Travis, Justin Giles, Kathleen Staebell, David Biedenharn, and Joseph Dunbar. Effects of geologic outcrops on long-term geomorphic trends : New Madrid, MO, to Hickman, KY. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41086.

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The Mississippi River between New Madrid, MO, and Hickman, KY, is of particular interest because of divergent trends in water surface profiles at the upstream and downstream ends of the reach. This report documents the investigation of the bathymetry, geology, and hydraulics of this segment of the river. The report shows that the area near River Mile 901 above Head of Passes strongly affects the river stages at low flows. This part of the river can experience high shear stresses when flows fall below 200,000 cfs, as opposed to most other locations where shear stress increases with flow. One-dimensional hydraulic modeling was also used to demonstrate that an increase of depth at a single scour hole, such as the one downstream from Hickman near River Mile 925, is unlikely to cause reach-wide degradation.
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Cram, Jana, Mary Levandowski, Kaci Fitzgibbon, and Andrew Ray. Water resources summary for the Snake River and Jackson Lake Reservoir in Grand Teton National Park and John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway: Preliminary analysis of 2016 data. National Park Service, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2285179.

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This report summarizes discharge and water quality monitoring data for the Snake River and Jackson Lake reservoir levels in Grand Teton National Park and John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway for calendar year 2016. Annual and long-term discharge summaries and an evaluation of chemical conditions relative to state and federal water quality standards are presented. These results are considered provisional, and may be subject to change. River Discharge: Hydrographs for the Snake River at Flagg Ranch, WY, and Moose, WY, exhibit a general pattern of high early summer flows and lower baseflows occurring in late summer and fall. During much of 2016, flows at the Flagg Ranch monitoring location were similar to the 25th percentile of daily flows at that site. Peak flows at Flagg Ranch were similar to average peak flow from 1983 to 2015 but occurred eleven days earlier in the year compared to the long-term average. Peak flows and daily flows at the Moose monitoring station were below the long-term average. Peak flows occurred four days later than the long-term average. During summer months, the unnatural hydro-graph at the Moose monitoring location exhibited signs of flow regulation associated with the management of Jackson Lake. Water Quality Monitoring in the Snake River: Water quality in the Snake River exhibited seasonal variability over the sampling period. Specifically, total iron peaked during high flows. In contrast, chloride, sulfate, sodium, magnesium, and calcium levels were at their annual minimum during high flows. Jackson Lake Reservoir: Reservoir storage dynamics in Jackson Lake exhibit a pattern of spring filling associated with early snowmelt runoff reaching maximum storage in mid-summer (on or near July 1). During 2016, filling water levels and reservoir storage began to increase in Jackson Lake nearly two weeks earlier than the long-term average and coincident with increases in runoff-driven flows in the Snake River. Although peak storage in Jackson Lake was larger and occurred earlier than the long-term average, minimum storage levels were similar to the long-term average.
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Baron, Lisa. Post-Dorian shoreline change at Cape Hatteras National Seashore: 2019 report. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2282127.

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In 2018 and 2019 the Southeast Coast Network (SECN), with assistance from park staff, collected long-term shoreline monitoring data at Cape Hatteras National Seashore as part of the National Park Service (NPS) Vital Signs Monitoring Program. Monitoring was conducted following methods developed by the NPS Northeast Coastal and Barrier Network and consisted of mapping the high-tide swash line using a Global Positioning System unit in the spring of each year (Psuty et al. 2010). Shoreline change was calculated using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) developed by the United States Geological Survey (USGS; Himmelstoss et al. 2018). Following the same field methods used for monitoring long-term shoreline change, geospatial data were collected as part of the Hurricane Dorian (or Dorian) Incident Response from September 12–16, 2019. This report summarizes the post-Dorian data and the previous two shoreline data collection efforts (spring 2019 and fall 2018).
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Kaffenberger, Michelle. Modeling the Long-Run Learning Impact of the COVID-19 Learning Shock: Actions to (More Than) Mitigate Loss. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsgrise-ri_2020/017.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has forced 1.7 billion children out of school temporarily. While many education systems are attempting varying degrees of remote learning, it is widely accepted that the closures will produce substantial losses in learning (World Bank, 2020; Kuhfeld et al., 2020). However, the real concern is not just that a few months of learning will be lost in the short run, but that these losses will accumulate into large and permanent learning losses as many children fall behind during school closures and never catch up. This note uses a calibrated model with a “pedagogical production function” (Kaffenberger and Pritchett, 2020) to estimate the potential long-term losses to children’s learning from the temporary shock of school closures. The model shows that without mitigation, children could lose more than a year’s worth of learning even from a three-month school closure as the short-term losses continue to compound after children return to school. Turning to mitigation strategies, the note examines the long-term effects of two strategies, finding that with some mitigation efforts education systems could come back from the crisis stronger than before.
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Ares, Adrian, Thomas A. Terry, Kathryn B. Piatek, Robert B. Harrison, Richard E. Miller, Barry L. Flaming, ChristopherW Licata, et al. The Fall River Long-Term Site Productivity study in coastal Washington: site characteristics, methods, and biomass and carbon and nitrogen stores before and after harvest. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-gtr-691.

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Ricciulli-Marín, Diana. The Fiscal Cost of Conflict: Evidence from La Violencia in Colombia. Banco de la República de Colombia, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/chee.53.

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This paper studies the effect of internal conflict on local fiscal capacity using evidence from Colombia’s political conflict in the mid-20th century, better known as La Violencia. Following a difference-in-differences strategy, I find that internal conflict has negative long-term consequences in local fiscal capacity. More precisely, municipalities affected by La Violencia experienced an average reduction of 10.3% in their tax revenue and a fall of 2.8 percentage points on their ratio of taxes to total revenue. Effects lasted for more than a decade and are only partially explained by a population and economic activity downturn. These results are consistent with previous evidence indicating a negative effect of violence on tax collection efficiency at the local level.
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Schmidt-Sane, Megan, Eva Niederberger, and Tabitha Hrynick. Key Considerations: Operational Considerations for Building Community Resilience for COVID-19 Response and Recovery. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.002.

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As the unequal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues, there is a need to robustly support vulnerable communities and bolster ‘community resilience.’ A community resilience approach means to work in partnership with communities and strengthen their capacities to mitigate the impact of the pandemic, including its social and economic fallout. However, this is not resilience which returns the status quo. This moment demands transformative change in which inequalities are tackled and socioeconomic conditions are improved. While a community resilience approach is relatively new to epidemic preparedness and response, it frames epidemic shocks more holistically and from the perspective of a whole system. While epidemic response often focuses on mitigating vulnerabilities, there is an opportunity to use a resilience framework to build existing capacities to manage health, social, psychosocial, and economic impacts of an epidemic. This makes a resilience approach more localised, adaptable, and sustainable in the long-term, which are key tenets of an epidemic response informed by social science. This brief presents considerations for how health and humanitarian practitioners can support communities to respond to and recover from COVID-19 using a community resilience approach. This brief was developed for SSHAP by IDS (led by Megan Schmidt-Sane with Tabitha Hrynick) with Anthrologica (Eva Niederberger).
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Schmidt-Sane, Megan, Eva Niederberger, and Tabitha Hrynick. Key Considerations: Operational Considerations for Building Community Resilience for COVID-19 Response and Recovery. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.004.

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As the unequal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues, there is a need to robustly support vulnerable communities and bolster ‘community resilience.’ A community resilience approach means to work in partnership with communities and strengthen their capacities to mitigate the impact of the pandemic, including its social and economic fallout. However, this is not resilience which returns the status quo. This moment demands transformative change in which inequalities are tackled and socioeconomic conditions are improved. While a community resilience approach is relatively new to epidemic preparedness and response, it frames epidemic shocks more holistically and from the perspective of a whole system. While epidemic response often focuses on mitigating vulnerabilities, there is an opportunity to use a resilience framework to build existing capacities to manage health, social, psychosocial, and economic impacts of an epidemic. This makes a resilience approach more localised, adaptable, and sustainable in the long-term, which are key tenets of an epidemic response informed by social science. This brief presents considerations for how health and humanitarian practitioners can support communities to respond to and recover from COVID-19 using a community resilience approach. This brief was developed for SSHAP by IDS (led by Megan Schmidt-Sane with Tabitha Hrynick) with Anthrologica (Eva Niederberger).
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Schmidt-Sane, Megan, Eva Niederberger, and Tabitha Hrynick. Key Considerations: Operational Considerations for Building Community Resilience for COVID-19 Response and Recovery. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.025.

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As the unequal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues, there is a need to robustly support vulnerable communities and bolster ‘community resilience.’ A community resilience approach means to work in partnership with communities and strengthen their capacities to mitigate the impact of the pandemic, including its social and economic fallout. However, this is not resilience which returns the status quo. This moment demands transformative change in which inequalities are tackled and socioeconomic conditions are improved. While a community resilience approach is relatively new to epidemic preparedness and response, it frames epidemic shocks more holistically and from the perspective of a whole system. While epidemic response often focuses on mitigating vulnerabilities, there is an opportunity to use a resilience framework to build existing capacities to manage health, social, psychosocial, and economic impacts of an epidemic. This makes a resilience approach more localised, adaptable, and sustainable in the long-term, which are key tenets of an epidemic response informed by social science. This brief presents considerations for how health and humanitarian practitioners can support communities to respond to and recover from COVID-19 using a community resilience approach. This brief was developed for SSHAP by IDS (led by Megan Schmidt-Sane with Tabitha Hrynick) with Anthrologica (Eva Niederberger).
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Schmidt-Sane, Megan, Eva Niederberger, and Tabitha Hrynick. Key Considerations: Operational Considerations for Building Community Resilience for COVID-19 Response and Recovery. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.029.

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As the unequal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues, there is a need to robustly support vulnerable communities and bolster ‘community resilience.’ A community resilience approach means to work in partnership with communities and strengthen their capacities to mitigate the impact of the pandemic, including its social and economic fallout. However, this is not resilience which returns the status quo. This moment demands transformative change in which inequalities are tackled and socioeconomic conditions are improved. While a community resilience approach is relatively new to epidemic preparedness and response, it frames epidemic shocks more holistically and from the perspective of a whole system. While epidemic response often focuses on mitigating vulnerabilities, there is an opportunity to use a resilience framework to build existing capacities to manage health, social, psychosocial, and economic impacts of an epidemic. This makes a resilience approach more localised, adaptable, and sustainable in the long-term, which are key tenets of an epidemic response informed by social science. This brief presents considerations for how health and humanitarian practitioners can support communities to respond to and recover from COVID-19 using a community resilience approach. This brief was developed for SSHAP by IDS (led by Megan Schmidt-Sane with Tabitha Hrynick) with Anthrologica (Eva Niederberger).
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