Academic literature on the topic 'Long haul travel'
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Journal articles on the topic "Long haul travel"
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Kelly, L., and G. Caplan. "Delirium and long haul travel." Age and Ageing 38, no. 6 (September 16, 2009): 762. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afp171.
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Masiero, Lorenzo, Richard T. R. Qiu, and Judit Zoltan. "Long-Haul Tourist Preferences for Stopover Destination Visits." Journal of Travel Research 59, no. 5 (September 15, 2019): 811–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287519867143.
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International long-haul travel represents a distinct market segment with great potential. Yet, empirical studies on the stopover destination visits are limited. The current research is based on a web survey conducted among residents in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia, which are three of the world’s top spenders and long-haul travel source markets. In this work, we examine tourist intentions to trade leisure time at a long-haul destination for a visit to a stopover destination. In particular, tourist preferences are analyzed as a function of traveler price sensitivity toward long-haul destinations, travel personality, activity engagement, motivation, travel profile, and demographic characteristics. Results provide insights into the under-researched topic of stopover tourism and guide aviation mega-cities toward an enhanced understanding of the potential demand.
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Rodríguez, Andrea Martín, and John F. O’Connell. "Can low-cost long-haul carriers replace Charter airlines in the long-haul market? A European perspective." Tourism Economics 24, no. 1 (August 3, 2017): 64–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354816617724017.
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Charter airlines operating all-inclusive vacation packages on the short-haul European market are quickly being replaced by low-cost carriers. The business model of low-cost carriers is now evolving to capture the long-haul travel segment and consequentially could replace the all-inclusive package holidays provided by the Charter airlines in this market. The research deduces that this will not transpire. The study extrapolates the opinions from experts who resonate that three pivotal cornerstones the differentiate Charter airlines from low-cost long-haul carriers which comprise of its destination expertise, Air Travel Organiser Licence affiliation and its horizontally integrated multifaceted enterprise. A passenger survey directed exclusively at passengers travelling on Charter airlines to long-haul destinations in Latin America found that vacationers aged 56 years and older together with families would not opt to vacation on low-cost long-haul airlines.
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Descamps, Marjanne J. L., Myles J. Lewis, Paul E. Hart, Stefan Brew, H. Rolf Jäger, and Richard Greenwood. "Brainstem Infarction during Long-Haul Air Travel." European Neurology 52, no. 3 (2004): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000081862.
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Hertzberg, Susan R., Shiva Roy, Adam Chan, David Brieger, and Warren Walsh. "Pulmonary embolism associated with long haul air travel." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 39 (March 2002): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(02)80941-x.
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Duanmu, Jun, Peter Foytik, Asad Khattak, and R. Michael Robinson. "Distribution Analysis of Freight Transportation with Gravity Model and Genetic Algorithm." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2269, no. 1 (January 2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2269-01.
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The application of a gravity model in freight modeling work on both short-haul and long-haul trips is discussed. A commodity-based gravity model was developed to assess the distribution of freight by long-haul trucks in southeastern Virginia. Although gravity models have been used extensively in transportation studies, little work has been done to address the special characteristics of freight transportation, such as the definition of friction factors and the differences between long-haul and short-haul trips. Results of a recent study of these and similar problems provide valuable insight into freight distribution modeling. A new calibration method that used a genetic algorithm was applied, various commodities were modeled, and the impact of the commodities on the accuracy of the gravity model was studied. Both travel time and travel distance were tested to generate the impedance for friction factors; results showed that for commodity-based long-haul models, travel times were more appropriate for friction factor calculations. In addition, results showed that the gamma function was more suitable than the exponential function for friction factor calculations. Extensive analyses of the causes of variation between observed values and the gravity model outputs are provided. The analyses and conclusions may help modelers better understand characteristics specific to freight transportation and can promote model constructions with greater accuracy and efficiency.
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Tan, Chee Fai, G. W. Matthias Rauterberg, Wei Chen, and Vee Kiat Kher. "Adaptive Body Support System for Aircraft Seat." Applied Mechanics and Materials 263-266 (December 2012): 1232–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.263-266.1232.
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The development of new technology enables the comfort service becoming an important requirement in the air travel industry. Long haul air travel may cause different physiological and psychological discomfort of aircraft passenger. Most of the aircraft company treats the passenger comfort as a main priority for the user’s acceptance of their airline. In order to improve the aircraft passenger body comfort during long haul air travel, an adaptive body support system was developed and embedded in the economy class aircraft seat. In this paper, we describe the development of adaptive body support system.
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Hon, Kam Lun, Alexander K. C. Leung, Albert M. C. Li, and Daniel K. K. Ng. "Central Hypoventilation: A Case Study of Issues Associated with Travel Medicine and Respiratory Infection." Case Reports in Pediatrics 2015 (2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/647139.
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Aim. We presented the case of a child with central hypoventilation syndrome (CHS) to highlight issues that need to be considered in planning long-haul flight and problems that may arise during the flight.Case. The pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) received a child with central hypoventilation syndrome (Ondine’s curse) on nocturnal ventilatory support who travelled to Hong Kong on a make-a-wish journey. He was diagnosed with central hypoventilation and had been well managed in Canada. During a long-haul aviation travel, he developed respiratory symptoms and desaturations. The child arrived in Hong Kong and his respiratory symptoms persisted. He was taken to a PICU for management. The child remained well and investigations revealed no pathogen to account for his respiratory infection. He went on with his make-a-wish journey.Conclusions. Various issues of travel medicine such as equipment, airline arrangement, in-flight ventilatory support, travel insurance, and respiratory infection are explored and discussed. This case illustrates that long-haul air travel is possible for children with respiratory compromise if anticipatory preparation is timely arranged.
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Feng, Ruomei, Liping A. Cai, and Yu Zhu. "Long-Haul Travel Attitude Construct and Relationship to Behavior—." Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 20, no. 1 (October 12, 2006): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j073v20n01_01.
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Williams, Peter W., Gail Andestad, Anna Pollock, and Karim B. Dossa. "Health spa travel markets: Mexican long-haul pleasure travellers." Journal of Vacation Marketing 3, no. 1 (October 1996): 10–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135676679600300102.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Long haul travel"
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Harrison-Hill, Tracey, and n/a. "Implications of Long Haul Travel on the Marketing of International Tourism." Griffith University. School of Tourism and Hotel Management, and School of Marketing and Management, 2001. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20060104.134512.
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Tracking studies conducted by the Australian Tourist Commission (ATC) over the last decade have revealed that Australia has a high ranking as a desired destination among US residents. However prior to the peaked effect of the Olympics, this desire had not translated into increasing numbers of visitor arrivals from the US. As travel to Australia from the US is time consuming and involves extremes of physical distance, it would be to Australia's advantage to understand better the dimensions and ramifications of long haul travel with regard to destination choice. This thesis has two objectives: to assess the extent to which a destination being a long haul from its target market affects the choice of this destination; and to consider the marketing implications of the above with a focus on the selection of Australia, as compared to competitive destinations, by the US holiday market. Data were collected from two samples: the West Coast of the US and the East Coast of Australia. The instrument for the US sample collected information on the respondents' choice set structure, attribute importance in selecting a long haul destination, perceptions of the long haul destinations of Australia and Italy, and sociodemographics. The instrument for the Australian sample collected information on the respondents' choice set structure, attribute importance for both long haul and short haul destination selection, perceptions of the long haul destination of the US and the short haul destination of New Zealand, and sociodemographics. This data were then used to test nine hypotheses designed to give insight into the research objectives. The results indicate that tourists place differing degrees of importance on attributes of a long haul destination as compared to a short haul destination for a vacation. It also demonstrates that tourists' perceptions of the distance to destinations are often highly inaccurate and that this inaccuracy is related neither to actual distance nor choice set placement. The cognitive distance is however directly related to perceptions of cost of travelling to the destination. A conundrum was also established in that the distance to Australia was overestimated and related positively with the choice of the destination. Yet at the same time the overestimation led to increasing perceptions of cost, travel time and risk, which indirectly had a negative impact on the choice of the destination. This far-off allure was not evident for the equidistant competitor, Italy, where the cognitive distance was underestimated. It was also found US respondent's place differing importance on the attributes they seek in a long haul destination as compared to the Australian respondents. Notably, the US market places a significantly higher importance on distance, even though their estimation of the distance between Australia and the US did not differ from the Australian estimate. Marketing implications for Australia as a long haul destination were then considered with an emphasis on redefining vacation distances in tourists' minds without relinquishing the far-off allure. The relationship between cognitive distance and perceptions of cost and time in comparison to competitors were driving the need for redefining distance. Emphasis was placed on delivering information to tourists during their decision process when their involvement and information processing was highest. Direction was also given for future research that would be useful for travel marketers in gaining additional insight into their long haul target markets.
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Harrison-Hill, Tracey. "Implications of Long Haul Travel on the Marketing of International Tourism." Thesis, Griffith University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366395.
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Tracking studies conducted by the Australian Tourist Commission (ATC) over the last decade have revealed that Australia has a high ranking as a desired destination among US residents. However prior to the peaked effect of the Olympics, this desire had not translated into increasing numbers of visitor arrivals from the US. As travel to Australia from the US is time consuming and involves extremes of physical distance, it would be to Australia's advantage to understand better the dimensions and ramifications of long haul travel with regard to destination choice. This thesis has two objectives: to assess the extent to which a destination being a long haul from its target market affects the choice of this destination; and to consider the marketing implications of the above with a focus on the selection of Australia, as compared to competitive destinations, by the US holiday market. Data were collected from two samples: the West Coast of the US and the East Coast of Australia. The instrument for the US sample collected information on the respondents' choice set structure, attribute importance in selecting a long haul destination, perceptions of the long haul destinations of Australia and Italy, and sociodemographics. The instrument for the Australian sample collected information on the respondents' choice set structure, attribute importance for both long haul and short haul destination selection, perceptions of the long haul destination of the US and the short haul destination of New Zealand, and sociodemographics. This data were then used to test nine hypotheses designed to give insight into the research objectives. The results indicate that tourists place differing degrees of importance on attributes of a long haul destination as compared to a short haul destination for a vacation. It also demonstrates that tourists' perceptions of the distance to destinations are often highly inaccurate and that this inaccuracy is related neither to actual distance nor choice set placement. The cognitive distance is however directly related to perceptions of cost of travelling to the destination. A conundrum was also established in that the distance to Australia was overestimated and related positively with the choice of the destination. Yet at the same time the overestimation led to increasing perceptions of cost, travel time and risk, which indirectly had a negative impact on the choice of the destination. This far-off allure was not evident for the equidistant competitor, Italy, where the cognitive distance was underestimated. It was also found US respondent's place differing importance on the attributes they seek in a long haul destination as compared to the Australian respondents. Notably, the US market places a significantly higher importance on distance, even though their estimation of the distance between Australia and the US did not differ from the Australian estimate. Marketing implications for Australia as a long haul destination were then considered with an emphasis on redefining vacation distances in tourists' minds without relinquishing the far-off allure. The relationship between cognitive distance and perceptions of cost and time in comparison to competitors were driving the need for redefining distance. Emphasis was placed on delivering information to tourists during their decision process when their involvement and information processing was highest. Direction was also given for future research that would be useful for travel marketers in gaining additional insight into their long haul target markets.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Tourism and Hotel Management
Griffith Business School
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Sturesson, Vladka. "Can the low cost boom in aviation reach long distance destinations? : MBA thesis in marketing." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-8582.
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Aim The commercial success of some low cost airlines presents the low cost model as very attractive. Until now their main focus has been on short-haul routes, but it is no surprise that they show an interest in entering the long-haul routes market as recent trends are very promising. The aim of this study is to analyze whether the low cost business model is applicable for long-haul routes, which parts of the model are transferable to long-haul services, what competitors responses might be and whether there is potential for low cost airlines operating in Scandinavia to gain frequent, well paying and demanding business travelers on their future long-haul routes. Method In this study a survey method with structured questionnaire distributed by e-mail has been used to collect the primary data. The main source of secondary data has been airline industry literature, newspapers, magazines and data provided by aviation statistical organizations. The empirical part of this study is conducted as a quantitative and qualitative study. Intention of empirical part is to find detailed information and describe business travelers’ behavior, corporate travel policies, business trips pattern and attitude towards low cost airlines. Conclusions The cost savings that low cost airlines achieved in the short-haul market will be much more difficult to achieve to long-haul services. In terms of areas where airlines can achieve cost leadership labor costs is certainly the best area to attack. To be successful, low cost airlines would have to adopt some elements of the traditional business model. But the success of long-haul low cost airlines will not only depend on achieving cost advantages. Availability of leisure time for long-haul trips and response of competitors will be other factors. Suggestions for future research A deeper analysis of low cost long-haul airlines potential could be possible with survey among leisure travelers and VFR (visiting friends and relatives) segment. Contribution of the Study This study has arrived at the conclusion that in order to be successful on long-haul routes low cost airlines would have to keep most of the features of traditional airlines. Low cost long-haul airlines would most probably be successful in pure leisure routes, ethnic markets, during peak season and on dense point to point destinations.
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au, A. Schweda@murdoch edu, and Anika Schweda. "Interactive Television and Tourism Marketing WA to the UK Pleasure Travel Market through Interactive Television Applications." Murdoch University, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20050930.104954.
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As an information intensive industry and as one of the most progressive industries in information technology adoption, travel and tourism provides an ideal context in which to investigate how new technologies such as interactive television challenge our understanding of media and media use. This research looks at how interactive television can be used by consumers and how it may be best applied by marketers in international holiday travel.
Using the UK international traveller market to Western Australia as case in point, this research had three main research goals: 1) to understand how travellers use information sources with a focus on interactive television; 2) how an individuals previous interactive media and travel experiences may pre-dispose them to using interactive television; and 3) to better understand why individuals interact and what impact the interaction has on the promotional effort. A travel ad and a travel show segment were used to explore these with impulse (brochure request) and telescopic (destination video) interactive opportunities. The treatments were deployed over a video-on-demand platform in greater London and participants took part in their homes via their televisions and a self administered questionnaire.
This research has furthered the use of the multi-dimensional grid in understanding information sources in relationship to one another and updated the landscape with modern information sources such as television, teletext, the Internet and interactive television. Findings from this area of investigation suggest that current interactive television offerings cater better to short-haul destinations and although it currently plays a minor role, interactive television has the potential to significantly contribute to travellers long-haul holiday planning process.
The finding that individuals understand interactive television through their experience with teletext rather than the Internet and are more likely to use interactive television if they are thorough and experienced planners supports the theory of knowledge transference. However, most importantly, if an individual has a positive experience with interactive television they will interact again in the future. Contributions were also made to a better understanding of the interactive television user and the use of interactive television applications to the travel and tourism industry in particular. Exploration of the differences between the Impulse and Telescopic approaches to interactivity highlighted that while interactivity generally enhances the promotional effort each approach has its own strategic applications.
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Luzecka, Paulina Monika. "Gap year travel as a social practice : a study of long-haul flying in the age of climate change." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/27988.
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The continued growth of aviation poses a major challenge to climate change mitigation. Many argue that absolute reductions in greenhouse gas emissions will not be possible without restricting demand and call for fundamental changes in travel patterns, particularly flying shorter distances. However, research shows that voluntary behaviour change in this area is unlikely: even those who express concern over aviation emissions are unwilling to sacrifice their travel plans for the sake of the environment. It has been argued, therefore, that researchers and policy makers should direct their attention to the collective nature of unsustainable air travel, rather than blaming individual passengers for their “choices”. This thesis provides an in-depth and socially situated understanding of long-haul flying within the gap year context, which is an increasingly popular activity for the British youth. Drawing on Giddens’s structuration theory and using data from a study, which employed a variety of qualitative research methods, this thesis first positions the gap year as a social practice, characterized by shared social meanings, norms and resources; second, it explores factors influencing its current long-haul character; and third, examines the role of agency in gap year participation and mobility decisions. The findings suggest that travel to (often several) long-haul destinations is a particularly desirable, appropriate and convenient way of “doing a gap year” and that opportunities for making more sustainable choices, whilst not completely absent, are constrained. Moreover, the rules and resources that form the terrain for action for prospective gap year takers are shaped by numerous networked agents. As such, this thesis joins the calls for redefining the problem of unsustainable mobility from that of individual “choice” to collective travel practices. Strong structuration is suggested as a particularly useful conceptual framework to study non-routine forms of travel, such as gap years. Policy implications are discussed, specifically potential interventions that could shift the gap year practice into a more sustainable trajectory, or substitute it for a less carbon-intensive equivalent.
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Eriksen, Carina. "A qualitative investigation of cabin crew's experience of long haul travel : implications for coping style, psychological health and personal, professional and social relationships." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511733.
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This study used qualitative interviews and grounded theory to develop a model of how cabin crew (N=8) cope with the impact of their disrupted lifestyle on psychological wellbeing. Of special interest were the implications for personal, social and professional relationships, which taken together, is likely to lead to increased loneliness, anxiety and depression even for the most resilient crew member (Bor and Levitt, 2003; Partridge and Goodman, 2006). A model was developed to help understand the complex ways in which cabin crew members' experience of psychological disruptions were contingent on their abilities to adapt the demands of their personal lives according to work requirements. Moreover, cabin crew appeared to actively manage and moderate the extent to which the combined effects of psycho-social interruptions and sleep deprivation affected their cognitive, emotional, and physical wellbeing. It is anticipated that the model will help crew members to cope with work-life dichotomies as well as encouraging counselling psychologists to become more involved in various aspects within the provision of stress reducing interventions in the workplace. Implications for future research, crew rostering, and counselling psychology practice and training needs are discussed.
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Vaninetti, Travis. "Volvo Trucks: A Trucker's Pride : Increasing the Quality of Life for American Long-Haul Truckers." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen Designhögskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-55861.
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Volvo Trucks: A Trucker's Pride The North American trucking industry is in decline. By 2014, the United States is projected to be short 110,000 drivers (Wikipedia). The hardest hit segment is the long-haul sector, due to the difficult lifestyle of the long-haul trucker. Drivers experience long periods of time away from home, mediocre pay, and “miserable” working conditions. In order to revive the struggling industry and refresh the lifeblood of our civilization, the long-haul trucker lifestyle must be made more appealing. This project is a study into how to make the North American Long-Haul trucker lifestyle appealing to future trucker generations through both interior and exterior design. In-depth research found that emotional needs of American long-haul truckers are not being met. Emotional needs are directly linked to the concept of “quality of life”. Therefore, increasing the trucker’s quality of life would help truckers meet their emotional needs and thus help revive the North American trucking industry. Through interviews and questionnaires, pride was determined to be the key emotional need of the American Trucker. These interviews revealed that the best method to appeal to this key emotional need was to rethink the exterior form. It was decided that a design sculpture should be used to illustrate the concept of emotionally appealing transportation. For the interior design, research showed that a trucker’s fundamental human needs were not being met aboard the truck. Expanding the living space on-board and providing truckers access to their basic human needs allow people to truly live life on the road. The Volvo Vision Long-Haul (VLH) helps future truckers take pride in themselves and their lifestyles. Pride comes from the aesthetics of assertive strength and the confident stance of the vehicle. A higher seating position gives drivers a commanding view of the road and the use of noble materials helps drivers feel they live in a quality environment. Onboard, the Volvo VLH maximizes interior space, providing enough room for a trucker to live life on the road. To meet basic human needs, the truck has a shower and toilet onboard, along with a kitchen complete with stove and sink. The lofted bedroom offers feelings of exclusivity and expands upward when the vehicle is parked. This unique expanding space is accessed via a spiral staircase, which stores neatly away when not in use. The Volvo VLH meets the emotional needs of the American long-haul trucker, making the lifestyle appealing to future generations.
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Tsai, Hsin-Jui, and 蔡昕叡. "Travel Demand Analysis of Long-haul Routes for Low-cost Carriers." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4abpwv.
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碩士國立交通大學
運輸與物流管理學系
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In recent years, low-cost carriers are in a trend toward long-haul services. Not only are the incumbent low-cost carriers launching new long-haul routes, but also some new established long-haul low-cost carriers are focusing on operating long-haul routes. However, previous literature has mostly discussed the issue from the supply side. Hence, this study is aimed to explore the choice of Taiwanese passengers for long-haul air services from the demand side. The questionnaire developed by this study was conducted by means of stated preference method. The choice scenarios are composed of long-haul air service attributes and travel destination attributes. The data was modeled by multinomial logit model, rank-ordered logit model, and latent class logit model. The model results revealed that both air service attributes, such as fare, on-time performance, transfer time etc., and travel destination attributes, such as safety and price level have apparently effects on tourists’ choice behavior. This study divided the passengers into two groups by latent class logit model. One of the two groups comprises travelers who are elder and have higher income. Passengers in this group are less sensitive to fare but care more about on-time performance. The passengers in the other group are more concerned with the safety of the destination and have less loyalty to a particular destination. So this study suggests long-haul low-cost carriers that different marketing strategies be planned in accordance with different passenger characteristics so as to increase their market share.
Books on the topic "Long haul travel"
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The long haul. Old Portsmouth: Tricorn Books, 2009.
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Edwards, Anthony David. The European long haul travel market: Forecasts to 2000. London: Economist Intelligence Unit, 1991.
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Kahn, Farrol. Arrive in better shape: The long-haul passenger handbook. London: Thorsons, 1995.
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Kinney, Jeff. Long Haul. Penguin Random House, 2014.
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Kinney, Jeff. Long Haul. Penguin Random House, 2014.
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The Long Haul. USA: jjvb, 2000.
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The Long Haul. Amulet Books, 2014.
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The Long Haul. serena cai, 2020.
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The Long Haul. scalastic, 2014.
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Kinney, Jeff. The Long Haul. Thorndike Press Large Print, 2017.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Long haul travel"
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Hu, Lala, Mirko Olivieri, and Jun Wen. "China's long-haul travel experiences." In Chinese Outbound Tourist Behaviour, 77–91. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003121329-8.
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Schweda, Anika, and Duane Varan. "Use of Interactive Television Promotional Tools as Information Sources in Long-Haul Travel." In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2003, 412–20. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6027-5_44.
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Cordieri, Silvia Anna, Francesca Fumero, Ola Jabali, and Federico Malucelli. "The Long-Haul Transportation Problem with Refueling Deviations and Time-Dependent Travel Time." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 245–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16579-5_17.
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Lee, Alan, and Tay Koo. "Exploratory Study of the Impact of Significant Ecotourism Experience on Voluntary Carbon-Offset Behaviour of Young Travellers in Their Long-Haul Air Travel Choices." In Strategic Innovative Marketing and Tourism, 971–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36126-6_108.
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Hadler, Markus, Beate Klösch, Stephan Schwarzinger, Markus Schweighart, Rebecca Wardana, and David Neil Bird. "The Development of the Questionnaire." In Surveying Climate-Relevant Behavior, 53–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85796-7_4.
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AbstractThis chapter presents the development of the survey in the underlying study in this book, a description of our sample, and the results of the validation efforts. Our survey includes variations of existing scales which have been used to measure climate-relevant behaviors within the areas of housing, mobility, diet, and consumption. We go beyond these existing questions, however, as we also include various new items and analyze the validity of existing and new questions. Based on our findings we recommend a set of questions for different significant areas of emissions, for example, asking about the distance traveled by car in the previous year, the number of short-haul and long-haul flights, and a question about the frequency of the consumption of particularly energy-intensive foods.
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"Long-haul Flights, Travel Fatigue and Jet Lag." In Passenger Behaviour, 264–78. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315247328-24.
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Shahrin, Norkamaliah, and Azizan Marzuki. "Long-Haul Travel Motivation by International Tourist to Penang." In Mobilities, Tourism and Travel Behavior - Contexts and Boundaries. InTech, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.72411.
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Duggal, Munish Kumar, and Harpreet Kaur. "An Analysis of Tourism Opportunities and Challenges Post COVID-19 Between India and Southeast Asia." In Evaluating Trade and Economic Relations Between India and Southeast Asia, 122–43. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5774-7.ch007.
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This chapter attempts economic analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on the economies of Southeast Asia and India. The impact on tourist footfalls, tourism revenues, national GDPs, and employment will be focused on. The challenges thrown by COVID-19 relating to safety, hygiene, mindshare, and digital tools could help evolve a structurally different tourism landscape in the post-COVID-19 world. Long haul travel may not happen soon, and the countries must develop products incorporating proximity tourism, vaccine tourism, and domestic tourism. Intra-ASEAN travel will have to be developed further to offset the losses caused by the curtailment of long-haul travel. Historical and cultural linkages between Southeast Asia and India should be leveraged to extend Intra-ASEAN travel to the Northeastern States of India. This would create a win-win situation for Southeast Asia as well as India. Targeted investments and subsidies aimed at confidence building of travelers and other stakeholders will go a long way to minimize the economic impact of external shock caused by COVID-19.
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Bongaerts, Rob, Jeroen Nawijn, Eke Eijgelaar, and Paul Peeters. "Aeromobilities in Transition, From quick and dirty to slow and sexy." In Low Carbon Mobility Transitions. Goodfellow Publishers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.23912/978-1-910158-64-7-3289.
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In this chapter we discuss the current impacts of aviation on the environment and climate change. The sharp growth of this industry will lead to an even greater future impact. Therefore, we come with some suggestions to reduce the carbon emissions of the industry. We conclude that a combination of economical, behavioural and technological measures is the only way to go if a decrease of carbon in a growing industry is to be achieved. Price mechanisms like increasing taxes and introducing real carbon cost should lead to less demand for air travel. Furthermore, promoting regional tourism and de-marketing long haul destinations contributes to a sharp emission reduction. Short haul and regional travel should be combined with promoting low carbon travel modes, like rail transport. If decision makers can combine these measures and force their airlines to adopt the latest technological standards on aircraft, we believe that the industry can transform from a ‘quick and dirty’ way of transport to a ‘slow and sexy’ one.
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O. Amarin, Zouhair, and Mahmoud A. Alfaqih. "Venous Thromboembolism in the Context of Reproduction: The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Recommendations." In Family Planning and Reproductive Health. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93724.
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Venous thromboembolism complicates 1–2 of every 1000 deliveries. It may manifest as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. Pregnancy-associated venous thromboembolism is an important major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Prophylaxis and therapy in pregnancy are complicated by the need to take both fetal and maternal well-being into consideration. Risk factors for venous thromboembolism during pregnancy or the puerperium are multiple. They include, but are not limited to, thrombophilia, multiparity, orthopedic injuries, medical comorbidities, prior venous thromboembolism, smoking, gross varicose veins, age, if older than 35, obesity, multiple pregnancy, preeclampsia, cesarean section, prolonged labor, instrumental vaginal delivery, stillbirth, preterm birth, postpartum hemorrhage, hyperemesis gravidarum, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, immobility, long periods of hospitalization, and long haul travel. This chapter is a clinical guide that covers prophylaxis and therapy of pregnancy-associated venous thromboembolism, based on evidence-based research and consensus opinion.
Conference papers on the topic "Long haul travel"
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Tan, CheeFai, Wei Chen, Marcel Verbunt, Christoph Bartneck, and Matthias Rauterberg. "Adaptive Posture Advisory System for Spinal Cord Injury Patient During Long Haul Air Travel." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86076.
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Today, air travel is popular as a way of transportation for different purpose such as business and tourism. The numbers of air travel passengers are increasing every year. At the same time the flight distance is increased because of better fuel efficiency and technology advancement of airplanes. Sitting is the most common activity during the flight. The US Department of Health advised the disable people to change their sitting posture frequently to relieve sitting pressures at least every 1 hour, and every 15 minutes for normal people. Decubitus is widely recognized as serious complication for a person with spinal cord injury. Motor paralyses affected a person’s ability to respond unconsciously to potential noxious stimuli. Decubitus affect the quality of life of spinal cord injury patient. For the spinal cord injury patient who travels with long haul flight, which is more than 5 hours, the decubitus risk will increase. The paper describes the development of an adaptive posture advisory system for spinal cord injury passengers. The aim of the system is to reduce the decubitus risk of the spinal cord injury patient during long haul flight.
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Serrano-Sánchez, Juan. "Thrilling Travel or Lonesome Long Haul? Loneliness and Acculturation Behavior of German Sojourners Abroad." In 2020 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1577713.
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Santos, Auteliano A., Matheus V. Lopes, Vanessa Gonçalves, Jony J. Eckert, and Thiago S. Martins. "Vibration Energy Harvesting to Power Ultrasonic Sensors in Heavy Haul Railway Cars." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-87836.
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Long heavy-haul trains are now a reality, especially for ore transportation. In some railways, compositions of up to 330 wagons are in service, requiring several locomotives. Trains like that travel long distances, sometimes through cities or in uninhabited regions. They are driven by just one driver which must keep the whole train working safely on the track. The wagons don’t have any source of electrical energy to power sensors and to transmit their signals to the locomotive; nor wireless communication. In fact, in some of these railways, there is no internet along with the track out of the cities. One important indicator of the safety of the train is the force between the wagons during the trip, through the shunting. Using strain gauges to measure these forces is a possible solution and ultrasonic stress sensors (UST) is a suitable alternative. UST with Lcr waves requires a low amount of energy and can be employed in rusty and dirty places. However, they also need an energy source. Wind and solar solutions are not always adequate because, unfortunately, there are places where these components have economic value and they can be stolen. A possible source of energy to power the USTs could be the Vibration Energy Harvester (VEH). These simple and not expensive systems can be built in small packs, giving the energy to measure the forces and transmit the data to the locomotive or designated sites along the track. This work aims to evaluate the possibility of using VEH to power USTs to measure the forces between the wagons during the journey. Knowing that the oscillation in the shunting has a very low frequency, the work intent to optimize a multi-beam VEH to be able to capture the highest amount of energy possible, in a very small arrangement, using genetic algorithm. The result shows that VEH is an adequate alternative to power autonomous UST sensors.
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Deng, Junpeng, Philipp Polterauer, and Luigi del Re. "Emission Aware Eco-Driving on Country Roads." In ASME 2019 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2019-8963.
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Abstract Eco-driving is a way to improve performance — mainly energy consumption — of road vehicles by computing an optimal speed and gear shifting profile based on vehicle data and road profile, e.g. slopes or speed limits. It mainly focuses on long haul scenarios such as highways, considering longitudinal movement only. Lateral acceleration of a vehicle is a critical quantity both in terms of comfort and safety, but its impact on fuel consumption or emissions is rarely considered or believed to be limited [1], as it does not affect directly the operating point of the engine. However, on country roads which usually present much stronger curvatures, lateral acceleration may be a critical constraint. In this paper, the impact of lateral acceleration limits on optimal solutions to multi-objective eco-driving is investigated. It is found that it may play an even more critical role than longitudinal acceleration with respect to fuel consumption and NOx emission. As a consequence, the choice of limits to lateral acceleration on curvy roads should be set very carefully in order to achieve a balance between energy saving, drivers comfort and travel time. The results of this work are validated on a high-feasibility Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) system calibrated with data from Real Driving Emissions tests.
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Bergano, Neal S. "Undersea applications of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1992.thf1.
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Transoceanic cable transmission systems are on the verge of a capacity increase, the magnitude of which has not been equaled since the change from analog coaxial cable to digital light-wave systems. The next generation of undersea cable transmission systems will use erbium-dopedfiber amplifiers (EDFAs) in the repeaters to boost signals periodically as they travel across the world's oceans. The first optical amplifier systems will increase the transmission capacity four to eight fold over the most advanced regenerator systems now in use today. The first generation of undersea optical amplifier systems will go into service in the 1995-1996 time frame. These systems will use the NRZ modulation format at bit rates up to 5 Gb/ s, with dispersion shifted fiber that is matched to the operating wavelength. The feasibility of this type of system has been demonstrated with circulating loop experiments with transmission distances in excess of 21,000 km and with long straight experiments of lengths up to 4500 km. The technique of measuring the bit error rate in a circulating loop, which we first reported one year ago, has proven to be quite useful in the design of long-haul optical amplifier systems. With this technique we have demonstrated transmission distances of 14,000 km and 21,000 km at 5 Gb/s and 2.4 Gb/s data rates for a maximum bit rate distance product of 71 Tb km/sec. These results showed that 5 Gb/s all-optical EDFA transmission systems are capable of achieving transoceanic distances at very low error rates.
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Kim Pham, Nguyen, and Edwin A. Peraza Hernandez. "Design Exploration of a Tensegrity-Based Twisting Wing." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22656.
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Abstract In the modern days of air travel, more fuel-efficient aircraft is desired to meet the demanding requirements of the long-haul market. This paper explores the feasibility of using a tensegrity column topology as the means for the internal mechanism of a twisting wing, which can be potentially applied to more fuel-efficient aircraft. This new morphing wing design removes the need for separate control surfaces such as ailerons and allow the wing to have a continuous surface which in turn will reduce aerodynamic drag and improve the overall performance. Furthermore, the tensegrity-based design can potentially reduce the weight of the wing by replacing conventional metal-based support structures with a lightweight tensegrity design. A design-of-experiments (DOE) study on the influence of the topological parameters of the torsional tensegrity mechanism on the achievable twist angle, structural mass, and the stresses in the different wing components is performed. It is found that for a wing with a span and chord length of 2 m, the maximum achievable twist angle from root to tip per unit mass, without any component exceeding their maximum allowable stress value, is 0.0659°/kg. The tensegrity column mechanism for this design consists of four torsional cells (equivalent to five ribs) and ten sets of actuating wires along the circumference of the column sections.
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Breidenthal, Julian, and Stephen A. Townes. "Performance Trades for Long-Haul Communication in Deep Space." In SpaceOps 2002 Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2002-t2-43.
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Kyprianidis, Konstantinos G., and Andrew M. Rolt. "On the Optimisation of a Geared Fan Intercooled Core Engine Design." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-26064.
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Reduction of CO2 emissions is strongly linked with the improvement of engine specific fuel consumption, as well as the reduction of engine nacelle drag and weight. One alternative design approach to improving specific fuel consumption is to consider a geared fan combined with an increased overall pressure ratio intercooled core performance cycle. Thermal benefits from intercooling have been well documented in the literature. Nevertheless, there is little information available in the public domain with respect to design space exploration of such an engine concept when combined with a geared fan. The present work uses a multidisciplinary conceptual design tool to further analyse the option of an intercooled core geared fan aero engine for long haul applications with a 2020 entry into service technology level assumption. The proposed design methodology is capable, with the utilised tool, of exploring the interaction of design criteria and providing critical design insight at engine-aircraft system level. Previous work by the authors focused on understanding the design space for this particular configuration with minimum specific fuel consumption, engine weight and mission fuel in mind. This was achieved by means of a parametric analysis, varying several engine design parameters — but only one at a time. The present work attempts to identify “globally” fuel burn optimal values for a set of engine design parameters by varying them all simultaneously. This permits the non-linear interactions between the parameters to be accounted. Special attention has been given to the fuel burn impact of the reduced HPC efficiency levels associated with low last stage blade heights. Three fuel optimal designs are considered, based on different assumptions. The results indicate that it is preferable to trade overall pressure ratio and pressure ratio split exponent, rather than specific thrust, as means of increasing blade height and hence reducing the associated fuel consumption penalties. It is interesting to note that even when considering the effect of HPC last stage blade height on efficiency there is still an equivalently good design at a reduced overall pressure ratio. This provides evidence that the overall economic optimum could be for a lower overall pressure ratio cycle. Customer requirements such as take-off distance and time to height play a very important role in determining a fuel optimal engine design. Tougher customer requirements result in bigger and heavier engines that burn more fuel. Higher overall pressure ratio intercooled engine cycles clearly become more attractive in aircraft applications that require larger engine sizes.
Reports on the topic "Long haul travel"
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Muelaner, Jody. The Challenges of Vehicle Decarbonization. SAE International, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2022se1.
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A narrow focus on electrification and elimination of tailpipe emissions is unlikely to achieve decarbonization objectives. Renewable power generation is unlikely to keep up with increased demand for electricity. A focus on tailpipe emissions ignores the significant particulate pollution that “zero emission” vehicles still cause. It is therefore vital that energy efficiency is improved. Active travel is the key to green economic growth, clean cities, and unlocking the energy saving potential of public transport. The Challenges of Vehicle Decarbonization reviews the urgent need to prioritize active travel infrastructure, create compelling mass-market cycling options, and switch to hybrid powertrains and catenary electrification for long-haul heavy trucks. The report also warns of the potential increase in miles travelled with the advent of personal automated vehicles as well as the pitfalls of fossil-fuel derived hydrogen power.