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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lokal Bank'

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Published: 30 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Syrén, Matilda, Max Svensson, and Johanna Andersson. "Det lokala bankkontoret i digitaliseringens fotspår : En kvalitativ undersökning av de lokala bankchefernas kundrelationsskapande under den digitala transformationen." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105526.

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Bakgrund och problem: Den digitala transformationen har drastiskt påverkat hur bankernaskunder genomför sina bankärenden och de spenderar mindre tid på bankkontoret än tidigare.Samtidigt som bankerna vill att kunden ska bli mer självständig med sina bankärenden i ettlönsamhetssyfte vill de fortfarande ha en stark relation med kunden. Det är en utmaning förde lokala bankkontorscheferna att skapa långvariga kundrelationer när kunden interegelbundet kommer in till det lokala kontoret och om det lokala bankkontoret inte anpassarsitt arbetssätt riskerar de att kunderna blir mer flyktiga. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur lokala svenska bankkontor styr för attuppnå starka kundrelationer. Anledningen är att vi vill få en ökad förståelse för hur lokalabankkontor arbetar med kundrelationer i en alltmer digital värld och vad de intervjuadecheferna anser är rätt tillvägagångssätt för att lyckas med detta. Vi vill därmed bidra medkunskap om hur kundrelationer kan hanteras under denna delen av den digitalatransformationen. Metod: Studien har genomförts med en induktiv ansats och en kvalitativ metod.Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med lokala bankkontorschefer i Kalmar Län.Medverkande banker var Handelsbanken, Häradssparbanken och Ölands Bank. Slutsats: Fem styrningsaktiviteter med tillhörande utmaningar har identifierats som hjälpertill att förklara hur det lokala bankkontoret arbetar för en stark kundrelation. De femstyrningsaktiviteterna är att kontoret ska vara proaktiva, skapa en kundfokuseradorganisationskultur, skapa mervärde, vara tillgängliga samt ha en säker personligidentifiering.
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2

Mak, Suk-fong Julia, and 麥淑芳. "A study of banking needs and bank selection criteria among local corporations and recommendation for bank marketing strategy." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3126332X.

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3

Frizell, Julie Dolan. "The Causes and Effects of Commercial Bank Participation in the Federal Home Loan Bank System." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29347.

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The 1990s saw significant increases in commercial bank membership in the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) System and extensive growths in FHLB assets and outstanding advances. Since FHLB policies may enable risk-taking behavior by the System's member institutions, this research evaluates the impact of the FHLBs on community bank members, local consumers, and local markets. Results suggest that commercial bank liquidity is enhanced by and managed with the use of System advances, and investments in loans and mortgage-related assets increase with FHLB participation, particularly by small bank members. Credit quality and bank financial conditions improve after participating in the FHLB program, and cost savings from borrowing System funds may contribute to higher rates paid on deposits in local markets. However, banks with greater exposure to interest rate risk are more likely to become FHLB members, and interest rate risk exposure further increases after membership attainment, as the amount of advances borrowed increases, and the longer members remain in the FHLB program. Long-term advances have not been used to lengthen liability duration to offset growth in long-term asset investments, which makes the FHLB System more highly susceptible to rising rates.
Ph. D.
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4

Kan, Nelson. "The need hierarchy of small/medium Chinese trading/mfg. firms and its implications on the strategy of local Chinese banks /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1985. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12315977.

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5

Ab, Wahab Norailis. "Dimensions of service quality and service climate : a study of bank customers and employees in four local Malaysian banks." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1297.

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In spite of the rapid growth and internalization of banking services in particular, managers first need to correctly identify the antecedents of what the local consumer perceives as service quality and its link to service climate, thus the strengths of this relationship would be beneficial as a global competitive tool. Although significant studies had been done regarding issues and factors contributing to service quality and service climate in the banking industry, very little has been published regarding the connection between perceptions of these dimensions. The purpose of this study is to describe an accomplished research to determine whether Malaysian local bank customers’ perceptions of service quality and its dimensions relate to employees’ perceptions of service climate and its dimensions; and to ascertain whether various background elements’ reported differences influence the relationships between the dimensions of service quality and service climate. This study encapsulated two phases of survey with open-ended and close-ended questionnaires consecutively. The researcher employed the Profile Accumulation Technique in the first phase and from the respondents’ results, close-ended questionnaires were constructed with responses from four local banks in Malaysia, corroborated together with previous scholars’ findings. Several analyses were carried out such as demographic, reliability, validity, performance, non-parametric and parametric tests and elaboration analysis. The main findings produced nine dimensions of service quality (Automated Teller Machine; corporate image; customer interaction and customer service; online and phone banking; physical feature and facilities; products and services; rates and charges; management and staff) and eleven dimensions of service climate (benefit, bonus, reward and salary; corporate image; customer service; facilities; organization; department and branch; management; organization output; products and services; workforce; myself). There were significant relationships between service quality and service climate dimensions. Respondents’ characteristics influenced the strength of the relationships between dimensions, service quality and service climate. Consequently, the results offered significant implications for participating banks to improve quality in their environment concerning their employees and customers; using customer-oriented processes and training programs within an increasingly diverse marketplace. Economic development, the political situation, socio-cultural system and the level of sector maturity do need to be considered by managers and policy makers so as to investigate their influence on service quality and service climate.
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6

Mkhaiber, Achraf. "Bank size, locality, SME lending and local economies." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/419978/.

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This thesis contains both macro- and microeconomic analyses of banking organisational structure, Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) lending and local economic development. The first examination is based on a bank-level analysis to investigate the impact of bank size on bank propensity to small and micro business lending. Secondly, I review the regional banking-growth literature and highlight the need for original investigations of the effects of local small business lending, as a measure of local banking development, on local economic development, emphasising the importance of distributional heterogeneity and spatial effects across regions within a one-country framework. Thirdly, I empirically investigate whether small and micro business lending, provided by small local banks, has an impact on the performance of local economies, taking into consideration the distributional heterogeneity among regions. Finally, I examine whether spatial spillover effects of local banks on local economies are significant. Using an econometric approach and data on over 14,000 U.S banks of all sizes, from 1994 to 2013, the results indicate an inverse relationship between bank size and the propensity of banks to lend to small and micro businesses. The relationship is robust and survives a number of rigorous specification checks. The subsequent review of the literature of regional banking-growth studies reveals that previously employed econometric methodologies do not account for distributional heterogeneity and spatial spillover effects in the examination of the regional banking-growth relationship. I also offer the small business lending channel as a proxy measure for local banking development. Furthermore, the subsequent analyses of the local banking-growth nexus indicate a boosting impact of local banks on the local economies through the small business lending channel. Besides, such impact varies in accordance to the regions’ level of economic development and the magnitude of the spillovers of SME loans from one region to another. Important policy implications can be drawn from my empirical findings. The inverse association of bank size with propensity to small business lending indicates that small banks are superior in SME lending through their form of relationship lending. Accordingly, small banks can be the optimal financial machinery to facilitate credit to and support the growth of SMEs. Moreover, the results emphasise the importance of small locally-operating banks to development of the local economies through small business lending, as well as confirm the existence of heterogeneous effects and significant spatial spillover effects of small local banks on the growth of the regions. The policy implication is that policy-makers need to ensure that localisation effects are sustained, because of the comparatively minimal cost required to minimize individual (in relation to aggregate) uncertainties and local stability can be relied upon to achieve global stability. Both can be done by supporting the creation and continued viability of small local banks. For this, a positive yield curve is required – which currently central banks in many countries are not delivering.
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7

Hedenmark, Nina, and Hampus Fäldt. "Kort om kort : En lokal banks affinitetsmarknadsföring." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Business Studies, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7856.

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Kandidatuppsatsen ”Kort om kort- en lokal banks affinitetsmarknadsföring” undersöker Sala Sparbanks planerade kreditkorts chanser att lyckas på en alltmer mättad marknad. Banken funderar på att koppla ett förmånssystem till det nya kreditkortet och författarna syftar till att ta reda på Sala Sparbanks kunders attityder till ett sådant kreditkort som kallas affinitetskort. Avsikten är att diskutera kortets möjlighet till att öka försäljning och användande samt att styra handeln och skapa växtkraft i bygden.

Undersökningsmetoden är kvantitativ, telefonintervju genomfördes med bankens kunder och tillika invånare i Sala – och Heby kommuner. Intervjuobjekten graderade påståenden, baserade på Fock et al´ s (2005) modell, om två olika typer av förmåner, affektiv lojalitet till banken, affektiv lojalitet till affinitetsgruppen och prestige i affiniteten. Teori om affinitetsmarknadsföring och typ av affinitetsgrupp berättar om hur kortegenskaper och affinitetspartner påverkar kundens attityd till affinitetskortet och i förlängningen användandet av detsamma. Kunderna uttryckte en stark affektiv lojalitet till både banken och affinitetspartnern ”bygden” samt en stolthet över att bo i verksamhetsområdet Sala – och Heby kommuner, men värderar dock förmånerna lägre. På grund av, denna låga förmånsvärdering samt en invägning av affinitetsgruppens karaktär, ifrågasätts affinitetskortets möjlighet att uppnå tillfredsställande resultat. Den ena typen av förmån anser författarna vara bättre än den andra men rekommendationen till banken är svag då den sammanlagda attityden inte anses vara tillräckligt positiv.

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8

Gao, Ying M. C. P. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "The local knowledge bank : uncovering the processes and networks of social innovation at Brazil's first community bank." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90097.

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Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 142-148).
In this thesis, I apply a case study method to examine the processes of knowledge management both within the neighborhood, and in institutional partnerships, by Banco Palmas, Brazil's first community development bank, as a way of uncovering a key component to understanding community-driven social innovations. Founded in 1998, in an urban peripheral neighborhood in Fortaleza, Brazil, the bank is best known for an unusual combination of microfinance integrated with local social currency. An increasing emphasis on community-driven approaches has become part of the practice of development in sectors ranging from economic development, disaster relief, to refugee assistance, yet what to make of the self-organized practices originating from the poor, as a concept, model or theory, is far from clear. First, I outline a "follow the knowledge" research design combining a working conceptual framework of knowledge, multi-source data collection, including semistructured interviews and extensive participant observation, and other fieldwork activities. The resulting 22 formal interviews from 13 institutions and additional case study data were interpreted with mutual corroboration and thick contextualization relying on relevant literature. The findings from within the neighborhood showed that the most effective function related to knowledge had to do with maintaining a community of practice of local social entrepreneurs, which the bank expertly did by combining what I identify as three practices and two processes of local knowledge management. Moreover, the bank's local knowledge directly built on the community's long history of mobilization, and the accumulation of experience-based knowledge was such that the organization could be seen as serving in the role of local knowledge bank for the neighborhood. In institutional partnerships, Banco Palmas provided local knowledge to key partners and allies in academic, civil society and government branches, while responding to a number of institutional constraints in contemporary Brazil, charting a unique path from the grassroots to influencing national policies. In conclusion, I draw lessons on replicating local knowledge bank, suggest strategic and tactical recommendations for Banco Palmas, and reflect on my personal learning experience.
by Ying Gao.
M.C.P.
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9

Kan, Nelson, and 簡以能. "The need hierarchy of small/medium Chinese trading/mfg. firms and its implications on the strategy of local Chinese banks." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31263215.

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10

Lai, Kam-hung Jimmy. "The strategic importance of information technology (IT) to the credit card business of a local banking group /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18003205.

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11

Mohamed, Zozk. "Analys av metoder för lokal rörelseplanering." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-92687.

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Under senare år har vi med hjälp av robotar som använder rörelseplanering kunnat automatisera olika processer och uppgifter. Idag finns det väldigt få strategier för lokal rörelseplanering vid jämförelse med global rörelseplanering. Syftet med det här projektet har varit att analysera tre strategier för lokal rörelseplanering, dessa har varit Dynamic Window Approach (DWA), Elastic Band (Eband) och Timed Elastic Band (TEB).I projektet har styrkor, svagheter, beteenden och förbättringsmöjligheter för respektive strategi studerats närmare genom att utföra olika simulerade tester. I testerna mätes tid för att nå mål, antal kollisioner och antalet gånger som målet nåddes. Under projektet användes en virtuell allriktad robot från ABB för att testa strategierna. Testerna genomfördes på ett så rättvist sätt som möjligt, där alla strategier fick samma antal försök och hade samma information om robotens begränsningar.Resultatet visar att TEB är den snabbaste strategin, följt av DWA och sista Eband som var den långsammaste strategin. TEB var också den strategi som presterade bäst vid dynamiska hinder, däremot var den också den strategi som kolliderade mest i testerna, medan Eband kolliderade minst.
In recent years, we have been able to automate various processes and tasks with the help of robots that use motion planning. Today, there are very few strategies for local motion planning when compared to global motion planning. The purpose of this project has been to analyze three strategies for local motion planning, these have been Dynamic Window Approach (DWA), Elastic Band (Eband) and Timed Elastic Band (TEB).In the project, strengths, weaknesses, behaviours and opportunities for improvement for each strategy have been studied in more detail by performing various simulated tests. The tests measure time to reach the goal, the number of collisions and the number of succeeding attempts. During the project, a virtual omni-directional robot from ABB was used to perform the tests. The tests were performed in as fair a way as possible, where all strategies got the same number of attempts and had the same information about the robot's limitations.The results show that TEB is the fastest strategy, followed by DWA and last Eband that was the slowest strategy. TEB was also the strategy that performed best in dynamic obstacles, however, it was also the strategy that collided most of the tests, while Eband collided the least.
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Fransson, Sara, Karolina Lahdeaho, and Therese Skoglund. "Customer Loyalty: A case study of a local bank in Sweden." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-16177.

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Background: The financial services industry is a highly competitive and fragmented market. Firms are realizing the need and advantage of retaining customers rather than only focusing on acquiring new customers. Managers should focus on increasing customer satisfaction and communication levels as well as providing higher service quality. They should also emphasize the importance of building better relationships with customers to create loyalty. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate if customers of a local bank office are loyal, find the factors that create disloyalty and analyze how the bank can increase customer loyalty.  Method: To complete the purpose of this paper, the authors prepared a case study on a local Swedish bank and conducted a survey of the bank’s customers to determine levels of loyalty within the company. The authors spent four days in the bank office to have the customers fill in the survey immediately after their experience with the bank. Participants in the survey were customers who visited bank tellers, had booked meetings, or un-booked meetings. Conclusion: It was found that the bank had high levels of customer loyalty, as a majority of the customers were exclusively customers of the bank. Never the less a significant amount of customers had an additional bank(s) which shows the bank has an opportunity to strengthen their market position, but also a need to retain their customers. Customers were satisfied with the service quality provided and the relationships were satisfactory between customers and their advisers. The majority of the customers were contributing to a positive word of mouth, which is an indicator that they are loyal customers. However, the main area of improvement needed by the bank is to implement a better customer complaint management system, as many customers did not know how or where to complain.
Bakgrund: Den finansiella tjänstesektorn är en starkt konkurrensutsatt och fragmenterad marknad. Företag inser behovet och fördelen av att behålla kunder snarare än att enbart fokusera på att värva nya. Genom att fokusera på att öka kundnöjdheten för att de existerande kunderna kan de erbjuda en bättre service kvalitet. De bör också betona vikten av att bygga bättre relationer med kunder för att skapa lojalitet. Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka om en lokal banks kunder är lojala, hitta de faktorer som skapar illojalitet och analysera hur banken kan öka kundlojaliteten. Metod: För att uppnå syftet med vår uppsats utarbetade författarna en fallstudie den lokala banken. Författarna genomförde en undersökning av bankens kunder för att analysera dess lojalitet till företaget. Författarna tillbringade en vecka i banken för att utvärdera kundens erfarenhet i relation till dess besök. Deltagarna i undersökningen var kunder som besökte banken i ärenden inom kassa, bokat möten, eller obokat möte. Slutsats: Det konstaterades att banken hade hög kundlojalitet, då en majoritet av kunderna var endast kunder i banken. Icke desto mindre, en stor mängd kunder hade ytterligare bank(er) vilket visar att banken har en möjlighet att stärka sin ställning på i den lokala marknaden, men också att stärka sin ställning i den existerande kundkretsen. Kunderna var nöjda med den servicekvalitet som banken tillhandahåller och relationer var tillfredsställande mellan kunder och deras rådgivare. Majoriteten av kunderna bidrar med positiva rekommendationer, vilket är en indikator på att de är lojala kunder. Dock är den viktigaste biten av förbättring krävs av banken för att genomföra ett bättre system för hantering av anmälningar, eftersom många kunder inte vet hur eller var att klaga.
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13

Joram, Niko. "Design of a Dual Band Local Positioning System." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-186495.

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This work presents a robust dual band local positioning system (LPS) working in the 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz industrial science medical (ISM) bands. Position measurement is based on the frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar approach, which uses radio frequency (RF) chirp signals for propagation time and therefore distance measurements. Contrary to state of the art LPS, the presented system uses data from both bands to improve accuracy, precision and robustness. A complete system prototype is designed consisting of base stations and tags encapsulating most of the RF and analogue signal processing in custom integrated circuits. This design approach allows to reduce size and power consumption compared to a hybrid system using off-the-shelf components. Key components are implemented using concepts, which support operation in multiple frequency bands, namely, the receiver consisting of a low noise amplifier (LNA), mixer, frequency synthesizer with a wide band voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) having broadband chirp generation capabilities and a dual band power amplifier. System imperfections occurring in FMCW radar systems are modelled. Effects neglected in literature such as compression, intermodulation, the influence of automatic gain control, blockers and spurious emissions are modeled. The results are used to derive a specification set for the circuit design. Position estimation from measured distances is done using an enhanced version of the grid search algorithm, which makes use of data from multiple frequency bands. The algorithm is designed to be easily and efficiently implemented in embedded systems. Measurements show a coverage range of the system of at least 245m. Ranging accuracy in an outdoor scenario can be as low as 8.2cm. Comparative dual band position measurements prove an effective outlier filtering in indoor and outdoor scenarios compared to single band results, yielding in a large gain of accuracy. Positioning accuracy in an indoor scenario with an area of 276m² can be improved from 1.27m at 2.4GHz and 1.86m at 5.8GHz to only 0.38m in the dual band case, corresponding to an improvement by at least a factor of 3.3. In a large outdoor scenario of 4.8 km², accuracy improves from 1.88m at 2.4GHz and 5.93m at 5.8GHz to 0.68m with dual band processing, which is a factor of at least 2.8
Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Entwurf eines robusten lokalen Positionierungssystems (LPS), welches in den lizenzfreien Frequenzbereichen für industrielle, wissenschaftliche und medizinische Zwecke (industrial, scientific, medical, ISM) bei 2,4GHz und 5,8GHz arbeitet. Die Positionsbestimmung beruht auf dem Prinzip des frequenzmodulierten Dauerstrichradars (frequency modulated continuous wave, FMCW-Radar), welches hochfrequente Rampensignale für Laufzeitmessungen und damit Abstandsmessungen benutzt. Im Gegensatz zu aktuellen Arbeiten auf diesem Gebiet benutzt das vorgestellte System Daten aus beiden Frequenzbändern zur Erhöhung der Genauigkeit und Präzision sowie Verbesserung der Robustheit. Ein Prototyp des kompletten Systems bestehend aus Basisstationen und mobilen Stationen wurde entworfen. Fast die gesamte analoge hochfrequente Signalverarbeitungskette wurde als anwendungsspezifische integrierte Schaltung realisiert. Verglichen mit Systemen aus Standardkomponenten erlaubt dieser Ansatz die Miniaturisierung der Systemkomponenten und die Einsparung von Leistung. Schlüsselkomponenten wurden mit Konzepten für mehrbandige oder breitbandige Schaltungen entworfen. Dabei wurden Sender und Empfänger bestehend aus rauscharmem Verstärker, Mischer und Frequenzsynthesizer mit breitbandiger Frequenzrampenfunktion implementiert. Außerdem wurde ein Leistungsverstärker für die gleichzeitige Nutzung der beiden definierten Frequenzbänder entworfen. Um Spezifikationen für den Schaltungsentwurf zu erhalten, wurden in der Fachliteratur vernachlässigte Nichtidealitäten von FMCW-Radarsystemen modelliert. Dazu gehören Signalverzerrungen durch Kompression oder Intermodulation, der Einfluss der automatischen Verstärkungseinstellung sowie schmalbandige Störer und Nebenschwingungen. Die Ergebnisse der Modellierung wurden benutzt, um eine Spezifikation für den Schaltungsentwurf zu erhalten. Die Schätzung der Position aus gemessenen Abständen wurde über eine erweiterte Version des Gittersuchalgorithmus erreicht. Dieser nutzt die Abstandsmessdaten aus beiden Frequenzbändern. Der Algorithmus ist so entworfen, dass er effizient in einem eingebetteten System implementiert werden kann. Messungen zeigen eine maximale Reichweite des Systems von mindestens 245m. Die Genauigkeit von Abstandsmessungen im Freiland beträgt 8,2cm. Positionsmessungen wurden unter Verwendung beider Einzelbänder durchgeführt und mit den Ergebnissen des Zweiband-Gittersuchalgorithmus verglichen. Damit konnte eine starke Verbesserung der Positionsgenauigkeit erreicht werden. Die Genauigkeit in einem Innenraum mit einer Grundfläche von 276m² kann verbessert werden von 1,27m bei 2,4GHz und 1,86m bei 5,8GHz zu nur 0,38m im Zweibandverfahren. Das entspricht einer Verbesserung um einen Faktor von mindestens 3,3. In einem größeren Außenszenario mit einer Fläche von 4,8 km² verbessert sich die Genauigkeit um einen Faktor von mindestens 2,8 von 1,88m bei 2,4GHz und 5,93m bei 5,8GHz auf 0,68m bei Nutzung von Daten aus beiden Frequenzbändern
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14

Rogers, Michael L. "Local church endowment fund bane or blessing? /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 1997. http://www.tren.com.

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15

Petkov, Ivan. "Essays on Local Determinants of Economic Growth." Thesis, Boston College, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:106789.

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Thesis advisor: Fabio Schiantarelli
The fundamental concept unifying this thesis is that outcomes at small geographical units can shed light on key economic questions of interest for both macroeconomics and finance. Some of the questions I explore in my work include whether bank networks facilitate access to financial capital by small businesses in the US, whether lending to small businesses is important for short-term economic growth, and whether different cultural and institutional endowments improve economic outcomes in the long run.\\ Small Business Lending and the Bank-Branch Network: In this chapter, I examine the role of banks in propagating local economic shocks from one area to another through their network of bank branches, by exploiting a newly developed branch-level dataset. Specifically, I examine the change in the geographical distribution of small business loans within each bank network in response to: 1) increases in deposit growth due to presence in areas with new fracking wells; 2) changes in the profitability of real estate loans due to presence in areas experiencing real estate booms. I evaluate how the supply-driven changes in lending following these shocks impact real economic activity. I find that banks export the increase in liquidity from the fracking areas and fund more small business loans at other, more distant branches. Borrowers from banks with a higher exposure to fracking experience faster establishment growth at areas beyond 100 miles from the fracking activity. The results for the real estate booms show that increases in the return of real estate loans contributed to a decrease in small business lending at branches away these booms. Borrowers from banks with high exposure to residential appreciation experienced slower establishment growth even within areas at a significant distance from the real estate booms.\\ Does It Matter Where You Came From? Ancestry Composition and Economic Performance of US Counties, 1850 - 2010: The United States provides a unique laboratory for understanding how the cultural, institutional, and human capital endowments of immigrant groups shape economic outcomes. In this paper, we use census micro-samples to reconstruct the country-of-ancestry composition of the population of US counties from 1850 to 2010. We also develop a county-level measure of GDP per capita over the same period. Using this novel panel data set, we show that the evolution of the country-of-origin composition of a county is significantly associated with changes in county-level GDP. The cultural, institutional, and human capital endowments from the country of origin drive this association. Particularly important are attitudes towards cooperation with others. Using an instrumental variable strategy, we identify a significant effect of changes in the ancestry-weighted endowments on economic development. Finally, our results suggest that while the fractionalization of ancestry groups is positively related to county GDP, fractionalization in attributes such as trust is negatively related to local economic performance. \\ Culture: Persistence and Evolution: This paper presents evidence on the speed of evolution (or lack thereof) of a wide range of values and beliefs of different generations of European immigrants to the US and interprets the evidence in the light of a simple model of socialization and identity choice. The main result is that persistence differs greatly across cultural attitudes. For instance, many family values, political orientation, and most deep personal religious values converge slowly to the prevailing US norm. Others, such as attitudes toward cooperation, children's independence, and sexual matters, converge rather quickly. The results obtained studying higher generation immigrants differ greatly from those found when the analysis is limited to the second generation, as typically done in the literature, and they imply a lesser degree of persistence than previously thought. Finally, we show that persistence is ``culture specific'' in the sense that the country from which one's ancestors came matters for the pattern of generational convergence
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2016
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Economics
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16

Green, Bobby Morgan, and Ivar Brandin. "Kundnöjdhet : Bankkunders uppfattning om lokala banker." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-228092.

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Nya banker etablerar sig kontinuerligt i Sverige. Det är därför av stort intresse för etablerade banker att ha nöjda och lojala kunder för att klara av marknadens hårda konkurrens. Uppsatsen riktar sig mot banksektorn och undersöker bankkundernas åsikter kring vad kundnöjdhet är och vad de efterfrågar från bankerna för att vara nöjda och lojala. Genom en fokusgrupp har denna studie undersökt hur lokala bankkunder upplever bankerna utifrån ett kundnöjdhets- och lojalitetsperspektiv. Fokusgruppen bestod av sju deltagare som fick svara på frågor i en diskussionsform. Data från fokusgruppen ställs mot vald teori och sammanställs i en analys. Resultatet av uppsatsarbetet visar att kundnöjdhet hos bankkunder inte är resultatet av hur väl företag lyckas överträffa kundens förväntningar. Istället skapas nöjdhet genom kundes erfarenheter, upplevelser och känslor till banken. För att nå högre kundnöjdhet behöver bankerna skapa ett positivt rykte. För kunderna är det viktigt att de har en relation med banken byggd på personlig kontakt. Relationen mellan bank och kund är svårtolkad men uppvisar tecken på att vara ömsesidig. Bankerna väljer att skära ner antalet kontor i landet och minska kontanthanteringen men lyssnar samtidigt på kunden och ersätter dessa tjänster med IT-lösningar. Utvecklingen mot internettjänster, färre kontor och mindre kontanthantering verkar inte ha påverkat kundernas upplevelse negativt vilket tyder på att det finns en form av blixtlåsrelation mellan kund och bank där båda anpassar sig efter varandras behov. Fokusgruppen lyfter fram att en stor del av lojaliteten till banken grundar sig i svårigheten att byta bank utan att mötas av höga transaktionskostnader. Det tyder på att relationen inte är fullt positiv och det finns en form av ofrivillig beteendelojalitet bland kunderna gentemot bankerna. En lojal kund är nödvändigtvis inte en nöjd kund och vice versa. Kunder har blivit passiva angående sin ekonomi och föredrar att lägga över ansvaret till banker. Vidare lägger bankkunder lägre vikt vid produkter och förmåner och bankernas förmånsprogram ser därför ut att ha liten betydelse för kunden. En övergång mot att bygga känslomässig lojalitet och skapa personliga relationer till kund ger bankerna högre grad av kundnöjdhet och fyller kundens behov för att förbli lojal samtidigt  som banken skapar en grund för att generera positiv Mun till mun (eng. Word of mouth).
Banks are opening new offices in Sweden and therefore there's an increased need of satisfied and loyal customers to survive in a highly competitive market. The paper targets the banking sector and examines customers’ opinions about what customer satisfaction is and what they demand from banks to be satisfied and stay loyal. Customer satisfaction of bank customers are not the result of how well the company manages to exceed customer expectations. Instead it is created based on how each customer perceives their entire experience and feelings towards the bank. To achieve high customer satisfaction the banks need to generate Word of mouth and a positive reputation. Customers want a personal relationship towards their banks based on personal contact. There is a form of involuntary behavior-based loyalty among bank customer. Customers get stuck in habits and routines which makes it even harder to switch bank when they are tied up in loans and in investments. Customers have become passive about their finances and rather push the responsibility over to the banks. A move towards building emotional loyalty and create personal relationships with customers would give banks greater customer satisfaction and fulfill their customers’ needs to remain loyal.
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17

Suplicy, Mariana Pereira. "The role of bank branches in local credit markets: evidence from Brazil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12138/tde-06052016-150907/.

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Credit is seen in Economic Literature as one of development drivers, promoting investment, smoothing consumption, allowing for risk sharing and the use of new production technologies. Our objective is to analyze if the physical presence of banks through bank branches is still relevant to develop local credit markets in Brazil. Since there are unobservable market characteristics that could drive both credit and bank entry, the relation between credit and branches may suffer from endogeneity. Therefore, the simple regression of credit on bank branches would be biased. To try to deal with this endogeneity, we employ an IO framework to model firm entry and use the estimated result as an instrument for observed bank branches. We find that estimations using expected values or predicted probabilities of bank branches show little to no effect of bank branches on credit. The same result is achieved when using a second IO model as an additional analysiss
A Literatura Econômica de desenvolvimento aponta o crédito como um dos determinantes do desenvolvimento econômico, que promove investimentos, suavização do consumo, mitigação do risco e uso de novas tecnologias de produção. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em analisar se a presença física de bancos por meio da agência bancária ainda é relevante para o desenvolvimento de mercados locais de crédito no Brasil. A relação entre crédito e agências bancárias pode sofrer de endogeneidade, uma vez que existem características de mercado não-observáveis que podem afetar tanto crédito quanto a entrada de bancos nos mercados. Para tratar esta endogeneidade, se propõe o uso de um framework de OI para modelar a decisão de entrada de firmas. A partir destes modelos, utiliza-se o resultado previsto como instrumento para as agências bancárias observadas. O resultado encontrado é de que, ao utilizar o valor esperado de agências ou a probabilidade estimada de haver agência, o impacto de agência em crédito se reduz significativamente e é nulo na maioria das especificações e para a maior parte dos anos da amostra. O uso de um segundo modelo de OI como teste secundário teve o mesmo resultado
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Mughal, Urooj. "The power politics of water struggles| Local resource management in the West Bank." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1542820.

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This thesis examines the significance of a micro-level approach to the Israeli-Palestinian water conflict. By rethinking scale of analysis and examining local insecurities, Palestinian experiences reveal how water conflict plays out in latent and discursive ways. In a step-by-step method, I detail the processes and outcomes of the water struggle in the West Bank. First, I show how technical challenges ((i) poor water supply, (ii) antiquated water infrastructure, (iii) failed institutions) are shaped by political imperatives. Second, I show how Palestinians have responded to local water sector challenges: (iv) nonpayment to the Palestinian Water Authority for their water supply, (v) increasing rural to urban migration by Palestinian farmers. As a result, Palestinian society is stuck in cycles of crisis that make the conditions increasingly ungovernable. While Palestinians are stuck in a mode of ungovernability, their position in the peace process with Israel is undermined.

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19

Van, der Bank Marjoné. "The role of building regulations in sustainable local governance / van der Bank, M." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7580.

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This study highlights one way by means of which South Africa can become more sustainable namely by applying "green building" and "green design" in the local context. The study asks the question: What is the role of building regulations in sustainable local governance as provided for in South African environmental and local government legislation? Schedule 4(B) in conjunction with section 156(1) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (hereafter the Constitution) states that local government has the power to execute law–making and executive powers in relation to building regulations. The Constitution further provides in section 24, the environmental right, read together with section 152(1) that municipalities are co–responsible with the other two spheres of government to protect the environment and to secure an environment that is not detrimental to the health or well–being of people. The Local Government: Municipal Systems Act 32 of 2000 in section 4(2)(d), (i) and (j) further states that municipalities have the duty to provide services that is effective, fair and sustainable. Municipalities are bound by national legislation (including the National Environmental Management Act 107 of 1998 and national legislation dealing with building regulations, specifically the National Building Regulations and Building Standards Act 103 of 1977) in how it deals with and within the environment. The South African National Standards (SANS) 10400–XA: 2011 finds its application specifically on environmental sustainability and energy usage in buildings. The link between these laws and instruments (such as SANS and other projects) and the notion of "green building" is explored in this dissertation. Municipalities in the Western Cape Province are making an effort to adhere to the above national laws. More specifically the City of Cape Town has a Problem Building By–law and the Drakenstein Municipality (Paarl) has a green building manual to regulate "green building" and "green design". With reference to these two municipalities, this study serves to show that some South African municipalities strive toward "green building" and "green design", but more have to be done nationally in order to be pro–active in this regard.
Thesis (LL.M. (Environmental law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
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20

Cook, V. "Emirati engagement in the private sector : an action research initiative in a local bank." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2015. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3001754/.

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The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has grown rapidly since independence in 1971, but much of this growth has been fuelled by expatriates. The UAE’s workforce now totals c.4.2 million, of which only 225,000 are Emiratis. Of more concern, just 10% of these are employed in the private sector (UAE Ministry of Labour cited by Salama, 2013). With 150,000 Emirati workers entering the job market by 2020 (Salama, 2013), this over reliance on public sector employment is not sustainable (Economist Intelligence Unit, 2012). The private sector employment of Emiratis however, has proved problematic. Private sector employers have traditionally perceived Emiratis as unattractive employees and Nationals are not generally attracted to the sector. Nevertheless, there are Emiratis who have succeeded outside the government. Developing an in-depth understanding of why they engaged with the sector and how they succeeded within their organisation is critical to address the current challenge and attract more to do the same. We currently know little about the motivations and factors that influenced the career choice of Emiratis who joined the private sector and their subsequent experience. This study considers these questions and utilises the concept of employee engagement to frame the Emirati employee experience. The UAE’s banking sector is by far the largest employer of private sector based Emiratis. This research, therefore, explores the situation through the perspectives of Emirati employees that have joined a mid-sized local bank in the last three years. It is the first study of its kind and makes a three-fold contribution to producing actionable knowledge. Firstly, the findings will help the UAE private sector to attract new Emirati employees and strengthen existing engagement efforts to address the status quo and achieve, inter alia, a more effective Emirati workforce. Secondly, it explores the applicability of employee engagement in the UAE’s banking sector. Thirdly, it contributes towards the current public policy debate about how to encourage greater Emirati participation in the private sector. The study was shaped by the social constructionist philosophy and used mixed methods and an emergent approach to study the phenomenon in depth. Data was collected through; semi-structured interviews with 15 Emiratis, 5 formal group discussions in the form of action learning based sets, and an organisation wide quantitative survey. The research specifically adopted the principles of Action Research including iterative cycles of reflection and experiment/action and case study research. Significant issues were found for Emirati employees, including; challenges in building Meaningfulness, finding a trustworthy working environment, developing a career path, learning from colleagues and coping with significant social pressures. These challenges were explored in action learning sets where a collaborative effort was made to address the problems surfaced. The research confirmed the relevance of the employee engagement model but highlights the importance of a contextual perspective in order to surface the priority areas for action. It also moves the debate away from the overwhelming focus on pay and working hours, to much more subtle considerations that will need to be addressed by individual organisations.
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JÃnior, Rosendo Fernandes da Silva. "There was change in Competitiveness Public and Private Banks in Local Markets Brazilians after the year 2000? A Competitive Analysis for the year 2010, considering all public banks (scenario # 1), and considering only CAIXA as the only Public Bank (scenario 2). Following, antitrust analysis in Sector Brazilian Banking: fusion simulation application from Bank of Brazil and CAIXA." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16228.

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nÃo hÃ
Em 2008, o mundo se deparou com uma crise econÃmica que abalou as pilastras e confiabilidade no setor bancÃrio mundial. Os bancos se estruturam em um processo defensivo de proteÃÃo de seus ativos. No Brasil, O Governo Federal estimulou os bancos pÃblicos a prover crÃdito no mercado, buscado suavizar os efeitos de fuga de investimento e repatriaÃÃo de cash na recomposiÃÃo dos ativos. A pergunta chave desse artigo Ã: houve alteraÃÃo na Competitividade de Bancos PÃblicos e Privados em Mercados Locais Brasileiros apÃs o ano 2000? Mais de uma dÃcada se passou e refizemos essa verificaÃÃo para dados de 2010, seguindo Bresnahan e Reiss (1991a), e comparamos com o trabalho de Coelho, Pinho e Rezende (2011). Dada a alta concentraÃÃo no setor bancÃrio, como se comportaria uma simulaÃÃo de fusÃo entre os dois maiores bancos pÃblicos brasileiros? Esse trabalho se divide em 03 (trÃs) artigos. No artigo n 1, verificamos se houve mudanÃa na competitividade em bancos pÃblicos e privados para a dÃcada de 2010. Constatamos mudanÃas significativas, com alteraÃÃo da qualificaÃÃo do custo e do processo de estruturaÃÃo da margem preÃo-custo que nos faz inferir numa mudanÃa na composiÃÃo e de estratÃgias dos bancos pÃblicos e privados em uma nova visÃo competitiva do setor. Os bancos pÃblicos nÃo afetam o comportamento dos bancos privados em mercados locais, mas a exigÃncia de tamanho de mercado para a inserÃÃo de um novo concorrente foi reduzida pela alteraÃÃo da estrutura dos custos e influÃncias de efeitos regionais. E se considerÃssemos o mercado com apenas um banco pÃblico? No artigo n 2, refizemos a anÃlise, considerando a CAIXA como o Ãnico banco pÃblico, e encontramos resultados semelhantes a nossa anÃlise revisional de 2010, a notar mais Ãnfase nos efeitos regionais, tanto na reduÃÃo dos custos pra a regiÃo Norte como na alteraÃÃo negativa nos deslocadores de demanda para as regiÃes Sudeste, Sul e Centro-Oeste, bem como influÃncia praticamente nula do Ãnico banco pÃblico â CAIXA na reduÃÃo dos lucros dos bancos privados. No artigo n 3, apresentamos uma anÃlise de simulaÃÃo de fusÃo no setor bancÃrio brasileiro. O objetivo central foi capturar os efeitos da fusÃo entre o Banco do Brasil e a CAIXA em 12 (doze) segmentos/portifÃlios mais significativos do mercado. Os resultados do equilÃbrio pÃs-fusÃo foram obtidos pelo modelo PCAIDS (Proportionality-Calibrated Almost Ideal Demand System), proposto por Epstein e Rubinfeld (2002), que simula a fusÃo de 02 (duas) empresas em um mercado oligopolizado. Os Resultados do exercÃcio de simulaÃÃo confirmaram os aumentos esperados nos âpreÃosâ dos segmentos. Este resultado à condizente com a expectativa de que as fusÃes implicam em aumentos de preÃos de mercado e, sem ganhos de eficiÃncia econÃmica, podem impor perdas para os consumidores.
In 2008, the world faced an economic crisis that shook the pillars and reliability in the global banking sector. Banks are structured in a defensive process of its asset protection. In Brazil, the federal government encouraged public banks to provide credit in the market, sought to soften the investment leakage effects and cash repatriation in the restructuring of assets. The key question that is: was no change in Competitiveness Public and Private Banks in Local Brazilian markets after 2000? More than a decade has passed and redid this check to 2010 data, following Bresnahan and Reiss (1991a), and compared with Coelho's work, Pinho and Rezende (2011). Given the high concentration in the banking sector, would behave as a simulation of a merger between the two largest Brazilian public banks? This work is divided into 03 (three) articles. In Article 1, we check to see if there was a change in competitiveness in public and private banks for the decade to 2010. We found significant changes, by changing the qualification of the cost and price-cost margin of the structuring process that makes us infer a change in the composition and strategies of public and private banks in a new competitive view of the sector. Public banks will affect the behavior of private banks in local markets, but the market size requirement for the inclusion of a new competitor was reduced by changing the cost structure and influences of regional effects. And if we consider the market with only a public bank? In Article 2, redid the analysis, considering CAIXA as the only state-owned bank, and found similar results to our revisional analysis 2010, noted more emphasis on regional effects, both in reducing costs to the North as in the negative change in demand shifters for the Southeast, South and Midwest, and virtually no influence of the only public bank - CAIXA in reducing the profits of private banks. In Article 3, we present a fusion of simulation analysis in the Brazilian banking sector. The main objective was to capture the effects of the merger between Banco do Brazil and CAIXA in 12 (twelve) segments most significant portfolio in the market. The results of the post-merger balance were obtained by PCAIDS model (Proportionality-Calibrated Almost Ideal Demand System), proposed by Epstein and Rubinfeld (2002), which simulates the merger of 02 (two) companies in an oligopoly market. The results of the simulation exercise confirmed the expected increases in "price" of the segments. This result is consistent with the expectation that mergers entail market price increases and without economic efficiency gains, impose losses to consumers.
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22

Yuan, Dian. "Essays on local banking market structure : Impacts on SME’s financing and activity and on bank efficiency." Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0002.

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Cette thèse examine l'impact de la structure du marché bancaire sur l’activité économique et les contraintes financières des petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) et l'efficacité des banques au niveau local. Il comprend trois chapitres empiriques. Le premier chapitre s’intéresse à l’impact du relationship banking sur les contraintes financières des PME et s'appuie sur deux indicateurs alternatifs pour saisir différentes dimensions de ces contraintes. Les résultats soulignent le rôle ambigu de la proximité bancaire et de la relation client face aux contraintes financières des PME. Sur la période 2005-2013, la présence accrue de banques régionales ou géographiquement concentrées contribue à atténuer les contraintes de crédit à court terme des PME françaises mais accroît leur sensibilité aux flux de trésorerie liés aux investissements. En outre, dans les deux cas, les contraintes financières des PME sont renforcées sur des marchés distants sur le plan fonctionnel. De plus, en période de crise, les avantages de la relation bancaire sur la contrainte de crédit à court terme demeurent et, dans certains cas, sont renforcés. Nous constatons également que la présence accrue des banques régionales facilite l'accès au crédit à court terme pour les entreprises plus rentables avant la crise financière mondiale et particulièrement pour celles qui ont connu une forte baisse de leur rentabilité en période de crise. Le deuxième chapitre analyse l’impact des relations de crédit via une plus grande proximité bancaire sur l’activité économique réelle, en s’appuyant à la fois sur des données individuelles de firmes et sur des données macroénomiques au niveau des départements. Il s’intéresse également à l’impact différencié de cette proximité en fonction du degré de dépendance au financement externe des PME françaises sur la période 2005-2013. Nos résultats révèlent que la relation de crédit via une plus grande proximité bancaire est bénéfique pour l'activité économique des PME en temps normal et en période de crise. De plus, parmi ces PME, les avantages de la proximité bancaire sont les plus importants pour les micro-entreprises. De plus, nos résultats montrent une forte hétérogénéité dans l’impact de la structure du marché bancaire local en fonction du degré de dépendance vis-à-vis du financement extérieur. Notre analyse macroéconomique montre également que une plus forte proximité bancaire a un impact positif sur l’emploi et stimule la croissance de l’activité économique. Le troisième chapitre analyse l’impact l'impact des caractéristiques des banques et des marchés locaux sur l'efficacité des succursales bancaires. Cette analyse s’appuie sur un ensemble données détaillé au niveau des succursales en Chine sur la période 2008-2011. Nos résultats suggèrent que les caractéristiques des marchés tant locaux que bancaires affectent l’efficacité des succursales bancaires. Les succursales de banques appartenant à l'État ont l’efficience-profit la plus forte mais l’efficience-coût la plus faible, tandis que les succursales de banques étrangères ont l’efficience-profit la plus élevée. En outre, la concurrence des banques et le développement économique sur le marché local contribuent à promouvoir l'efficacité des succursales. De plus, l’efficacité des banques et l’efficacité du marché bancaire local peuvent influer sur l’efficacité des succursales, l’impact de l’efficacité des banques étant économiquement plus important. Nos résultats suggèrent que la structure du marché bancaire local a un impact statistiquement et économiquement significatif sur l’activité économique et les contraintes financières des PME, l'activité économique réelle et l'efficacité des banques. Les superviseurs bancaires et les régulateurs doivent veiller à maintenir un environnement bancaire diversifié, garantissant la présence de banques locales et géographiquement concentrées, et à renforcer la concurrence des banques afin de stimuler la croissance économique
This dissertation examines the impact of banking mar ket structure on SMEs financial constraints, real economic activity and bank efficiency at a local level. It comprises three empirical essays as three chapters, the first two chapters are on French banking market and the third one is on Chinese banking mar ket. The first chapter investigates the relevance of relationship lending for SMEs and continuation lending during crisisrelying on two alternative indicators to capture different dimensions of SMEs financial constraints. The findings emphasize the ambiguous role of banking proximity and of relationship banking on SMEs financial constraints. Over the 2005-2013 period, for French manufacturing SME s, higher presence of regional banks or of geographically-focused banks help to alle viate their short-term credit constraint, while lar germarket share of national banks or stronger presence of geographically-diversified banks is beneficial to reduce their investment cash-flow sensitivity. Moreover, in both cases, SMEs’ financial constraints are strengthened in functionally-distant mar kets. In addition, during crisis times, the benefits of relationship banking on short-term credit constraint remains and, insome cases, are reinforced. We also find that these benefits differ according to SMEs pre-crisis financial health, in line with pre vious findings of continuation lending during crisis.The second chapter analyzes the impact of relationship lending through a stronger banking proximity on real economic activity at both firm le vel and county (department) level and the heterogeneity of this impact based on SMEs external financial dependence in France over the 2005-2013 period. Our results confirm the benefits of elationship banking for SMEs as highlighted in the pre vious chapter. A stronger banking proximity is beneficial to SMEs’ economic activity in both ormal and crisis times, even after controlling for times, county, industry and firm level characteristics, and these benefits are stronger for micro firms, the smallest and more informationally-opaque SMEs. In addition, our results show a significant heterogeneity in the impact of local banking market structure among small firms depending on the le vel of dependence on external finance. Further, our macroeconomic analysis also provide evidence that local banking market structure has statistically and economically significant impact on economic activity. The third chapter analyzes the finance-growth nexus from a different perspective by investigating what drives bank branch efficiency. Three efficiency measures are adopted to estimate the impact of bank and local market characteristics on bank branch efficiency using a detailed branch-level dataset in China over the 2008-2011 period. Our findings suggest that both bank and local market characteristics affect bank branch efficiency. Branches of state-own banks are the most profit efficient and least cost efficient, while branches of foreign banks are the most cost efficient. In addition, bank competition and economic development in local market help promote branch efficiency. In addition, both bank efficiency and local banking market efficiency can affect branch efficiency, and the impact of bank efficiency is econ omically more significant. Our findings suggest that local banking market structure has a statistically and economically significant impact on small business lending, real economic activity and bank efficiency, bank supervisors and regulators should pay at tention to maintain a diversified banking environment, guaranty the presence of local and geographically-focused banks, and enhance bank competition to stimulate growth
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23

Rabbani, Seyedeh Parisa. "Effect of image variation on computer aided detection systems." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknik och hälsa (STH), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-123546.

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Computer Aided Detection (CAD) systems are expecting to gain significant importance in terms of reducing the work load of radiologists and enabling the large screening programs. A large share of CAD systems are based on learning from examples, to enables the decision making between the images with or without disease. Images are simplified to numerical descriptors (features vectors) and the system is trained with these features. The common practical problem with CAD systems is training the system with a data from a specific source and testing it on a data from a different source; the variations between sources usually affect the CAD system function. The possible solutions for this problem are (1) normalizing images to make them look more equal, (2) choosing less variation sensitive features and (3) modifying the classifier so that it classifies the data from different sources more accurately. In this project the effect of image variations on the developed CAD system on chest radio graphs for Tuberculosis is studied at Diagnostic Image Analysis Group. Tuberculosis is one of the major healthcare problems in some parts of the world (1.3 million deaths in 2007) [1]. Although the system has a great performance on the train and test data from the same source, using different sub dataset for training and testing the system does not lead to the same result. To limit the effect of image variation of the CAD systems three different approaches are applied for normalizing the images: (1) Simple normalization, (2) local normalization and (3) multi band local normalization. All three approaches enhance the performance of the system in case of various sub datasets for training and testing purposes. According to the improvement achieved by applying normalization it is suggested as a solution for the stated problem above. Although the outcome of this study has satisfactory result, there is always room for further investigations and studies; in specific testing different approaches for finding less variation sensitive features and modifying the classification procedure to a more variation tolerant process.
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Bloch, Thomas. "Essays on banking : consequences of mergers among local banks in Germany /." Frankfurt a.M, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000253645.

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25

Garrett, Amanda Lynne. "When Cities Fight Back: Minorities, Local Politics, and Conflict in Europe." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10821.

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What explains minority-state urban conflict across Europe? When, how and why do some localities seem more prone to turn the political expression of grievance into a blood sport, while others avoid this fate altogether, even when faced with similar internal and external conditions? To answer these questions, my argument challenges existing interpretations of minority-state relations based on "national models" of integration, cultural variables and minority inequality. Instead, I find that it is the entrenchment of local political elites and their strategic foundational social alliances with minority populations that ultimately condition the likelihood of violent confrontation and the ways in which it is managed at the local level.
Government
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26

Kendall, Jake. "Local banks, human capital, and regional development in India and Brazil /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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27

Tsoulka, Polyxeni. "Local inhomogeneities in polycrystalline wide band gap Culn1-xGaxSe2 thin-films." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT4009/document.

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Les cellules solaires à base de CuIn1-xGaxSe2 sont des dispositifs en couches minces permettant d’atteindre des hauts rendements de conversion photovoltaïque. Le CuIn1-xGaxSe2 est un absorbeur permettant d’adapter l’énergie de la bande interdite de la cellule solaire en changeant la teneur en Ga. Le rendement record de conversion photovoltaïque actuel a été obtenu pour x~0.3, alors que la théorie indique qu’il devrait être obtenu pour un x~0.7. L’origine de cette limite pour x élevé reste en débat. Dans cette thèse, on étudie deux origines liées aux interfaces internes de CuIn1-xGaxSe2 à savoir i) le changement d’élément ségrégé aux joints de grains pour des fortes et faibles teneurs en Ga et ii) la ségrégation défavorable du séléniure du cuivre au volume ou à la surface. Dans une première partie, une étude par premiers principes (DFT) montre que la ségrégation substitutionnelle de l’In par Ga (ou de Ga par In) n’est pas favorisée dans un joint de macle. Dans le cas plus général d’une surface notre étude sur les forces motrices de ségrégation montre qu’il est plus facile de faire ségréger une impureté d’In qui se trouve dans une matrice de CuGaSe2 que l’inverse. Dans la seconde partie, les résultats expérimentaux du CuIn1-xGaxSe2 indiquent qu’en augmentant le taux de Ga la couche devient plus inhomogène. Cela est dû aux inhomogénéités locales de concentration en Cu dans la couche. L’origine de ce phénomène est liée à la cinétique de la formation de CuGaSe2 qui est lente et à la faible diffusion du Cu et du Ga. Nous proposons une étape de relaxation supplémentaire pendant la co-évaporation de CuIn1-xGaxSe2 qui permet de faciliter la croissance des grains, d’améliorer l’homogénéité de la couche et d’atteindre l’équilibre attendu
Amongst the different semiconductor materials used as absorber layers, polycrystalline CuIn1-xGaxSe2 is one of the most promising materials in the thin-film photovoltaic technology. Due to the high efficiency, stability and band gap tunability with x, thin-film solar cells based on CuIn1-xGaxSe2 absorber layer are already industrially implemented. Moreover, in the multi-junction solar cell technology the aim of reaching higher efficiencies while keeping the fabrication costs low, makes the wide band gap indium-free CuGaSe2 absorber layer an interesting candidate as a top cell in a hybrid tandem solar cell based on c-Si bottom cell. However, the actual energy conversion efficiency strongly decreases for x larger than 0.3 and it does not follow the theoretical predictions indicating better performances for x around 0.7. The difficulty to obtain a high device performance for large x has been a worldwide question for several years and many theories have been proposed to explain the limited conversion efficiency. A possible cause of the limited CuIn1-xGaxSe2 performance for large x involves the local inhomogeneities at the inter- or intra-grain regions, since the nature of the accumulated species or compound at the interfaces can be detrimental or beneficial for the solar cell efficiency. In this thesis we investigate two possible phenomena that are likely to occur at the CIGSe interfaces i) a preferential elemental segregation at the grain boundaries and ii) the detrimental copper selenide surface segregation or bulk precipitation. In this work, the elemental segregation is investigated at equilibrium by coupling ab initio calculations and thermodynamic modeling. Our results indicate that substitutional (InGa or GaIn antisite) cannot be expected in the most frequently present interfaces such as the twin grain boundaries. A complementary and simple analysis of the main segregation driving forces was also studied in order to understand the segregation in the more general cases, such as the surface segregation. Our calculations show that In is slightly more favorable to segregate at the surface rather than Ga. The experimental analysis on CuIn1-xGaxSe2 films at intermediate and large x reveals that increasing x the Cu content in the CuIn1-xGaxSe2 film can locally differ, creating detrimental Cu-enriched domains within the bulk of the film. This phenomenon is due to the slow kinetics at large x and the reduced Cu and Ga interdiffusion. In this work, we propose a strategy to avoid these local inhomogeneities by applying a relaxation stage during the CuIn1-xGaxSe2 deposition process. This stage improves the photovoltaic performance, since it leads to a long-range equilibration, grain growth, annihilation of voids and a close to stoichiometry bulk which was expected
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28

Tezel, Aslihan. "Global Tendencies, Local Implications: The Role Of International Organizations In The West Bank And Gaza, 1993-2003." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608227/index.pdf.

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This thesis analyses the role of international organizations in the West Bank and Gaza. The role of international organizations is discussed within the larger framework of global governance. In light of the theories on global transformation, the renewed role for international organizations as the agents of global governance is introduced within the Palestinian context. With a focus on the complex relationship between domestic and international actors, the role of international organizations as the promoters of good governance is examined in terms of Palestinian state building process. Several international organizations are introduced in terms of their objectives, projects and activities in Palestine.
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29

Bazimya, Peter Butera. "Power and the neglect of local geographies in Uganda : a critique of the World Bank approach to development." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414575.

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30

Zarookian, Ruffy. "Feasibility of Spectrum Sharing Between Airborne Weather Radar and Wireless Local Area Networks." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35841.

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Emerging technologies such as wireless local area networks and cellular telephones have dramatically increased the use of wireless communications services within the last 10 years. The shortage of available spectrum exists due to increasing demand for wireless services and current spectrum allocation regulations. To alleviate this shortage, Research aims to improve spectral efficiency and to allow spectrum sharing between separately managed and non-coordinating communications systems. This thesis explores the feasibility of spectrum sharing between airborne weather radar and wireless local area networks at 9.3 GHz – 9.5 GHz. Characteristics of flight paths of aircraft using airborne weather radar and the low duty cycle of radar transmissions offer unique opportunities for spectrum sharing. But it was found that the extremely sensitive receivers provide challenges for designing a communications system meant for widespread use. The probability of causing harmful interference to airborne weather radar is too great for most types of wireless local area networks, but a direct sequence spread spectrum scheme could share spectrum with airborne weather radar. Bit errors in wireless local area network links caused by airborne weather radar interference do not significantly decrease the performance of the wireless local area network system. The distribution of interference outside of the airborne weather radar receiver by using direct sequence spread spectrum combined with the acceptable bit error rates indicate that while spectrum sharing between airborne weather radar and wireless local area network at 9.3 GHz – 9.5 GHz is not feasible, direct sequence spread spectrum systems can share spectrum with airborne weather radars under more limited assumptions.
Master of Science
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31

Danielsson, Michaela. "The Plastic Bag Ban in Rwanda: Local Procedures and Successful Outcomes." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-313576.

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32

Hansen, Rachel Lindsey. "A LOOK AT THE BAN THE BOX MOVEMENT IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/612961.

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This thesis centers on the Ban the Box movement, a study on its affects within the greater-Tucson area, interviews of Human Resources Directors, a synthesis of what is happening in Arizona, and a discussion of its importance. Ban the Box is a movement that promotes the elimination of “the box” that forces anyone with a criminal background to check on applications for jobs, housing, education, etc. The movement has steadily increased in both the public and private sector as companies like Target and Wal-Mart have voluntarily eliminated the box from their initial application forms. This is important because the United States crime rates are increasing and thus the box affects more and more people every day. In the case study, it became clear that various jurisdictions in Arizona have extremely varied responses to the movement, though each Human Resources professional seemed to have a similar opinion. I learned that this topic is not as cut and dry as it originally seems. To make a complete law that is commonly accepted by all, a lot of research and support from all parties involved will be necessary. For future studies done on Ban the Box, it is important to give interviewees plenty of time to prepare and to do varied research before. The thesis concludes with a summation of the material discussed and the author’s opinion shining through.
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33

"Locational analysis and distribution strategy for a local retail bank." 1999. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5889477.

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by Lam Chun Wah, Lo Kar Ming, Alen.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-82).
INTRODUCTION --- p.3
METHODOLOGY --- p.6
Identify social-economic trends --- p.6
Review of the banking industry --- p.7
review Hong Kong local banks financial performance --- p.7
Perform in-depth financial and locational analysis of the selected local bank and its distribution channels --- p.8
Explore alternate product/service distribution channels --- p.8
Determine consumer behavior towards different financial product/services and channels --- p.9
Recommend future distribution channel strategy for this local bank --- p.9
Predict competitor response to the recommended strategy --- p.9
SOCIAL - ECONOMIC REVIEW --- p.10
Population Demographics --- p.10
Economic Indicators --- p.14
REVIEW OF THE BANKING INDUSTRY --- p.19
The Banking Industry of Hong Kong --- p.19
The three-tier system --- p.19
The Interest Rate Rules --- p.21
The Hong Kong Monetary Authority --- p.21
The Banking Industry Performance --- p.22
The Banking Strategic Review --- p.28
REVIEW ON HONG KONG LOCAL BANKS FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE --- p.31
The Asset Size and Profit --- p.31
Financial Performance --- p.33
Correlation analysis on bank performance --- p.36
LOCATIONAL ANALYSIS OF BRANCH DISTRIBUTION FOR THE WING HANG BANK --- p.40
Company Background --- p.40
The Branch Network --- p.41
List of Wing Hang Bank Branches and Addresses --- p.42
Hong Kong Insland --- p.42
Kowloon --- p.42
Financial Performance of Branches --- p.42
Locational Analysis --- p.44
Transaction Analysis --- p.47
ALTERNATIVE PRODUCT/SERVICE DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS --- p.53
Banking service industry --- p.53
CONSUMER BEHAVIOR TOWARDS DIFFERENT FINANCIAL PRODUCT/SERVICE AND CHANNELS --- p.59
General trends --- p.59
RECOMMENDATION ON TO WING HANG BANK --- p.66
Branch Network Size --- p.66
Cost cutting --- p.68
Combine functions and develop new products --- p.69
Branch Image --- p.72
Branch atmosphere --- p.72
Branch contact --- p.73
Use of Self Service Terminals --- p.75
COMPETITOR RESPONSE --- p.76
OVERALL COMMENTS --- p.79
APPENDIX --- p.80
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.81
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34

"Favorable outcomes and the difficulties in the acquisitions of local banks in Hong Kong--: case study : Dao Heng Bank and Overseas Trust Bank." 1999. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5889470.

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by Au Yeung Yuk Hang, Tong Henry.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-89).
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT --- p.ii
TABLE OF CONTENT --- p.iii
LIST OF TABLES --- p.vi
LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vii
Chapter
Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter II. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.4
Chapter III. --- FAVORABLE OUTCOMES --- p.5
Synergy Effects --- p.5
Economies of Scale --- p.6
Economics of Scope --- p.7
Better Management --- p.7
Attract and Retain Talents --- p.8
Tax Benefits --- p.8
Risk Diversification --- p.9
Assets (Loan) --- p.10
Liabilities (Deposit) --- p.11
Earnings --- p.12
Increase Market Share --- p.12
Entry into New Market --- p.14
Improve Financial Performance --- p.14
Too Big To Fail --- p.15
Ability to Issue Highly-rated Paper --- p.15
Cheaper Offered Price --- p.16
Too Big To Swallow --- p.17
Chapter IV. --- CAUSES OF FAILURE --- p.18
Culture Clashes --- p.21
Management Changes --- p.22
Customer Grievance --- p.23
Employees Dissatisfaction --- p.24
Computer System --- p.24
Y2K Problem --- p.25
Controversy before merger or acquisition --- p.26
Relationship between Acquirer Bank and Acquired Bank --- p.27
Lack of Agreed Objective --- p.27
Unfulfilled Acquirer Bank Management Promises --- p.28
Improper or Unstable Position in the merged bank --- p.29
Over Dependence on a Few Executives --- p.30
Acquired Bank Out of Acquirer Bank's Expectation --- p.30
Acquirer Bank Deceived by Acquired Bank --- p.31
Paid Too Much --- p.32
Corporate Indigestion --- p.32
Acquirer bank does not understand the business of the acquired bank --- p.33
Improbable Events --- p.33
Family Control --- p.34
Anti-takeover Response --- p.35
Litigation by Target Firm --- p.36
Poison Pills --- p.36
Greenmail --- p.36
Keeping the Stock Price at High Level --- p.37
White Knight --- p.37
Chapter V. --- CASE STUDY: THE ACQUISITION OF OVERSEAS TRUST BANK (OTB) BY DAO HENG BANK (DHB) --- p.38
Introduction --- p.38
Company Background before the Acquisition --- p.39
Dao Heng Bank (DHB) --- p.39
Overseas Trust Bank (OTB) --- p.40
Highlights in Acquisition --- p.42
Timetable of Major Events --- p.42
Financing Package --- p.43
Favorable Outcomes to Dao Heng Bank in the Acquisition --- p.43
Gigantic Organic Growth and Being One of Regional Banking Leaders --- p.44
Extraordinary Financial Performance --- p.44
Improving Operating Efficiency by Synergy --- p.45
Risk Diversification --- p.47
Adequate Capital for Exploring New Opportunities --- p.48
"Recruitment, Retention and Retraining Banking Professionals for Future Development" --- p.49
Able to Issue High-rated Paper --- p.50
Difficulties to Dao Heng Bank in the Acquisition --- p.50
Culture Clashes --- p.51
Sudden Change of Management Level --- p.51
Maintaining the Customer Confidence --- p.52
Agreement with the Government --- p.52
Employees Distress and Dissatisfaction --- p.52
The Compatibility of Computer System --- p.53
Chapter VI. --- RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.54
Structural Changes --- p.55
Criteria of a healthy Structural Change --- p.55
Process and Operating System Changes --- p.55
Culture Change --- p.56
Good Planning --- p.57
Easing Culture Clash --- p.58
Respecting Cultures --- p.58
Systematically Learning about Partners' Cultures --- p.59
Determine Merged Culture --- p.60
Employee Satisfaction --- p.60
Good Employee Communication --- p.61
Manage Psychological Force & Emotional Climate --- p.63
Reward Right People and Let Wrong People Go --- p.63
Get Employee Involved --- p.64
"Deal with Disparities in Compensation, Benefits, and Incentive Programs" --- p.64
Customer Retention --- p.65
Focus on the Business Customer Base --- p.65
Deal with Customers' Uncertainty --- p.66
Conducts Extensive Researches --- p.66
Measuring Customers Satisfaction --- p.67
Recognize and Reward Top Retainers --- p.67
Computer Systems --- p.68
Determining business requirements --- p.68
Due Diligence --- p.68
Assessing compatibilities --- p.69
Setting priorities --- p.69
Developing an integration plan --- p.70
Well Documentation --- p.70
Get System managers involved before Mergers and Acquisitions --- p.71
Y2K Problem --- p.71
Chapter VII. --- FUTURE PROSPECT --- p.72
APPENDIX 1 --- p.74
APPENDIX 2 --- p.77
APPENDIX 3 --- p.80
APPENDIX 4 --- p.81
APPENDIX 5 --- p.82
APPENDIX 6 --- p.83
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.84
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35

Chen, Chi Jen, and 陳啟仁. "The Effect of Private Equity's Acquisition of Local Banks: The Case Study of Cosmos Bank." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51729280799650213639.

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碩士
暨南國際大學
管理學院經營管理碩士學位學程碩士在職專班
100
There were several waves of merger and acquisition (M&A) activities happened in United States. The types of M&A activities varied with the economy transformation. This transformation leaded to the birth of new types of M&A, such as management buyout (MBO) and leverage buyout (LBO). Because of the emergence of LBO and new financial tools, private equity firms expanded in recent years. Especially in year 2000, due to prosperity of network industry, private equity firms` investment reached a new level. Later on, followed with network industry bubbles, private equity firms had their hard time.The thesis uses case study method to investigate the impact of the Acquisitions of Domestic Banks by Private Equity Funds , Cosmos Bank is taken as an example. The conclusions from this study are as below： 1.It is debatable whether the costs/benefits of hiring from competitors are up to original expectations of private equity funds. 2.Besides financial manipulations, Private equity funds need to focus more on bank's business development in order to precisely elevate the bank's value.
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36

Wu, DauKai, and 吳道凱. "The method to evaluate the performance of the local banks and to select bank stocks." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27050703707992162403.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
國際企業學研究所
88
Although, the researches about the valuation of the bank performance and the prediction of the stock return have often been implemented in the recent years. The special point of my research is able to consolidate both of them. For local business banks, we design some index to evaluate the performance of them. And then, we try to use these index to help investors to know how to invest the bank stocks. The content divides to three parts: the first part is to design some indexes to evaluate the performance of the banks and evaluate the local banks by the indexes; the second part is to explore the relationship between the indexes and the bank stock price; the third part is to utilize the above results to establish the investment strategy and compare the investment performance of these portfolio. We use the financial reports of all local banks to be researched. The research period is 1992-1999. Finally, we discover: firstly, the debt ratio, the reserve rate, the earning, and ROA… etc, can be used to present the performance of the banks. And we find Shi-Hwa Bank is the best recently, Secondly, the above index is proven to be able to explain the return of the bank stock. Besides, the P/E ratio, market value, and M/B ratio are also related with the bank stock return. Finally, if we use the above index to establish our investment strategy and setup portfolio, the investment performance will be better than the mean of the all banks’ stock return. So, our indexes have their special value.
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37

Chang, Hsin-Yueh, and 張馨月. "The Factoring Strategies Formulation Analysis of the Local Commercial Banks In Taiwan－In Case of C Bank." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73772216537034326724.

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碩士
淡江大學
國際貿易學系國際企業學碩士在職專班
95
With the change of global trading environment and trading practice, Factoring services have been needed for the purpose of funding, hedging and risk management. Furthermore, banks’ profit margin has been shrinking due to reduce of traditional banking loan industry and interest margin. Banks shall aggressively create new business module to increase profit margin. In recent years, Factoring became one the fastest developing and prevalent financial services products in the global financial market. Factoring banking services was launched and permitted by government''s financial reform in 1994 and became the most popular financial service. This study concentrates on the current Factoring development of Local Commercial Bank in Taiwan with emphasis on the relationship between business strategy formulation factors and strategies so as to assess the internal environmental factors and external environmental factors through the mission statement of the target company; and thus summarizes the critical factors related to the strategy formulation, thereby initiating business strategies and presenting the findings to the commercial bank factoring services providers. Making use of the explosive case study method, this study has studied the related archives comprehensively, and collected secondary data extensively with findings as follows: 1. With the business mission statement, the internal environmental assessment factors and external environmental assessment factors are crucial for business strategy formulation. As to the target company, the most valuable competence of internal environmental is the professional teamwork and innovations, which is the main strength to achieve the goals of the target company. 2. With the mission statement, this study has assessed the internal and external competitive environment of the target company together with the macro-environmental factors so as to summarize the business strategy formulation factor diagram. The three environmental key factors are sufficient for the target company to formulate its business strategies so as to initiate and modify its specific business strategies. 3. After internal environmental assessment, industrial environmental assessment and macro-environmental assessment, the target company’s competition strategy is develop innovation actively and high-tech services, which will make the target company achieve its mission.
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38

張宏維. "The corporate strategy of a local middle-size bank - E bank." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97409224151093597699.

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39

Lin, Mei-Chun, and 林玫君. "THE STUDY OF THE DIFFERENCES IN SERVICE QUALITY OF WEALTH MANAGEMENT IN TAIWAN BANKS’ INDUSTRY- USING FOREIGN BANK A AND LOCAL BANK C AS EXAMPLE." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25364109245329713239.

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碩士
元智大學
管理研究所
96
This study is to understand the differences in service quality of wealth management in Taiwan banks’ industry- the study includes: 1.To understand the differences in service quality in wealth management between local banks and foreign banks. How do the customers feel? How satisfied are the customers? 2.To understand the differences of maintenance in customers relationship in wealth management between local banks and foreign banks. How do the customers feel? How satisfied are the customers? 3.To understand the loyalty of customers in wealth management between local banks and foreign banks. How do the customers feel? How satisfied are the customers? The research shows: the service quality/maintenance of customer relationship/loyalty of customers/and the satisfaction of customers of ABN-AMRO Bank, are better than local Bank C, which indicates that local Bank C needs to improve.
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40

Liang, Chung-Hsiu, and 梁忠秀. "Analysis on local banks’ credit assessments to small and medium enterprises - Using private bank T as an example." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12693398161239098144.

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碩士
淡江大學
國際商學碩士在職專班
98
Since the U.S. investment bank, Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc., filed for bankruptcy in the second half of 2008, global economic activities cooled down and deteriorated within a relatively short timeframe, invoking massive waves of unemployment and a global financial crisis that covered every corner of the world. It was not until 2009 that we began seeing hope for recovery. To most enterprises, being able to obtain continual financial support from financial institutions is ever more critical to their survival through a crisis, and to their perpetual business growth as well. This is also one of the keys to strengthen an enterprise''s business foundation and succeed during the future recovery. Taiwan''s corporations, which mainly consist of small and medium enterprises, have always been the backbone to the nation''s economic growth. According to the statistics published in the 2009 “White Paper on Small and Medium Enterprises” by the nation''s Small and Medium Administration, Ministry of Economic Affairs, domestic small and medium enterprises amounted to 1,235 thousand in 2008, representing 97.70% of all corporations; small and medium enterprises employed a total of 7,966 thousand staff in 2008, representing 76.58% of total employees nationwide. In addition, when we look back at the evolvement and advancement of Taiwan''s economy, small and medium enterprises not only played a vital role to the nation''s industrial reform, they had also made substantial contributions to the miracle growth of Taiwan''s economy. However, Taiwan''s small and medium enterprises were struck hard during the latest financial crisis since they are commonly small in business scope, constrained in market size, inadequate in capital, inaccurate in financial reporting, disadvantaged by deficient policies and insufficient information etc, and on top of which, the business performance of small and medium enterprises are easily affected by the movements of the external economic environment. In this research, we conducted in-depth interviews with credit staffs of all levels in the subject bank, with regards to the critical credit criteria for small and medium enterprises. The purpose of this research was aimed to investigate whether banks'' credit arrangements with small and medium enterprises established during normal circumstances could survive the impact of a financial crisis. If not, then what are the deficiencies in banks'' credit assessments and decisions? Do banks assess the credit qualities of small and medium enterprises differently during the financial crisis, as compared to the normal circumstances? Through the conclusions of this research, we strive to resolve the asymmetric financial information between small and medium enterprises and their banks, thereby providing win-win solutions to the suppliers of capital and those who need them. This research concluded that the credit decision criteria adopted by banks during assessment has decisive influences over the post-lending credit quality. In-depth interviews with small and medium enterprises credit staffs of all levels in subject bank T revealed that, prior to the financial crisis (i.e. the normal circumstances), credit assessments were mainly focused on the corporate borrower itself such as characteristics, capabilities, capitalization, collaterals, and uses of funds etc while lesser emphasis was placed on the future prospects of the external business environment which the loan applicant operated in; this affected the ability of a credit application to endure risks in volatile economies. All interviewees concurred that if the financial crisis develops further, they will adjust their future credit decision criteria to focus on corporate customers'' external factors, i.e. industry status, market competitiveness, industry ranking, industry demands and supplies, sources of repayment, business environment, future prospects etc.
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41

郭怡萍. "The synergy of foreign bank M&A with local bank – Take Standard Chartered Bank and Citibank for example." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85616397727698716014.

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42

Lee, Wen-Chu, and 李文助. "A study on the effect of customer relationship marketing on the business strategy of local bank－the case of local bank." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24237615877349740031.

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碩士
逢甲大學
經營管理碩士在職專班
96
This study selected in the bank - as the Taichung Commercial Bank study, to understand Taiwan''s financial market, foreign banks and private equity funds compete entered the local financial industry is operating right in the bank how to use them against the edge, to be based in Taiwan, to take a board view in China . According to a bank customer asked, would choose to foreign banks or bank market surveys, the results in the bank has a 76 percent win ratio. The reason is that people believe that the foreign banks compared snobbish, “deep emotion” in the bank''s strengths should not be in Neglect, this is not foreign relations of trust can be established .In particular, to the more central and southern Taiwan ,the appearance of things is more strengthen. Foreign banks want to overthrow the local people of deep cultivation and solid impression at the same time expand Taiwan''s market share, also active in the last preparation. Citigroup, ABN AMRO are planning for small and medium enterprises in the province-service centre, an attempt to attack the heart of SMEs can not be untold. Thinking the business of foreign banks, it is bound to affect Taiwan''s future financial markets. Development of new customers in the difficult conditions, to maintain customer loyalty seems to be increasingly difficult to grasp, at this time “Trust”, “Customer commitment”, “Economic value”,”Shared values”, “Friendship, “Confidence benefits”,”Preferential treatment”,”Increaed share-of-customer”,”Increased purchase intentions”, and other variables in the research, in the bank''s business strategy, has become a must face the important issue. In this study, a survey of access to primary information as to collect information of the main research tool, the design of the questionnaire reference to the relevant literature on the decision variables and the causal relationship between disguise and with the guidance of professors, with the financial industry and to discuss practical, Made from various parts of the question of the measure, as the variables in this study the question of the measure, and as a follow-up of statistical analysis and reasoning. Hypothesis of this study is part of “Trust” to “customer commitments” have a positive impact “customer commitment” to “Increased purchase intentions” have a positive impact “customer commitment” to “Increaed share-of-customer” have a positive impact on “confidence benefits” the extent , For improving the customer''s “trust” have a positive effect, is be established. Based on the findings of this paper in the bank in the implementation of business strategies at the appropriate recommendations. At present, Taiwan has no one single bank has more than 10 percent of the market share of the future bank''s survival intense competition, merger or closure of the exit mechanism and Hengjiang the strong trend is inevitable. As a local bank manager, to understand the internal and external changes in the competitive environment and trends, and provide quality service in the pursuit at the same time, the implementation of the competition in the banking and strategy level, still Should pay attention to the performance of the market competitiveness and the value of the bank significantly affected. Key word：customer relationship marketing, trust, customer commitment, shared values, Friendship, manage achievements
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43

Chen, Kuei-Chun, and 陳桂春. "Research for Pricing of Local Bank Internal Money Transfer." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74945034102509691455.

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碩士
文化大學
國際企業管理研究所
82
This study focus on the issues of pricing interest rates of interbank funds transfer. Since most of the paper barely study establishment and target of funds transfer system. With local and foreign scholars'' experimental information, this study is to explore cognitive consistency of pricing interest rate between money center in head office and branchs, and relationship of this cognition and bank''s perfermance. In addition, bank''s attribute might affect cognitive consistency of interbank interest rates, so that this study also put emphasis on this field. 　　The samples in this study come from one professional bank, three commercial banks-run by government, and six private commercial banks. Questionnairing finds managers in headoffices and general managers of branches. Measuring factors of pricing interbank interest rate and ways of adortions, tackling the difficulties, such as time lag, time of making adjustment, and some information with its background. The conclusions as follows: 　　(1)It is significant difference to the banks to evaluate the factors of pricing interbank interest rates, and the ways they have adopted, which include marginal cost, variable cost, cost-added, and cost and market price whichever is lower. It is also significant difference of interbank interest rates to different bank''s attribute, in which they have adopted different ways among policy''s interest rate approach, market price approach, interest rate below market price, and two-way interest rates applied to debit balance and credit balance. 　　(2)Cognitive consistency of pricing method and time lag must impact on banks performance. 　　(3)Cognitive consistency of funds management among the factors of pricing interest rates in govermment-run professional banks must influence bank''s performance. Cognitive consistency of the way of interbank interest rates which government-run commercial banks have adopted and time lag must affect bank''s performance.
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44

Chin, Yang-Chieh, and 金揚傑. "Multi-foreign-currency Positions Optimization for Local Trading Bank." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10284450255047880352.

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碩士
國立東華大學
國際企業研究所
92
Dump or replenishment policy of local trading bank is depended on the difference in amount of buying and selling orders. This leads to the long or short position, and the optimal holding position of foreign currency inventory in the local trading bank, and the execution of dump and replenishment is decided by those situations. When the short position occurs and deviates to the optimal holding position, the local trading bank will take a non-instantaneous receipt (NIR) to revert the optimal holding position. The focus of this study is to consider multi-foreign-currency and use fuzzy non-linear programming (FNLP) to build a multi-foreign-currency fuzzy NIR-EOQ model. This study attempts to use ARMA-GARCH model to forecast the foreign exchange rate to improve the typical NIR-EOQ model. Finally, this study uses genetic algorithm to solve the optimal holding position problem. The result of this study can provide the decision maker of local trading bank as a reference for multi-foreign-currency positions controlling.
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45

HSIEH, YU-CHI, and 謝郁琪. "The Attributes of Customer Loyalty for National Bank and Local Bank: From Commitment, Trust, and Satisfaction." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/hbf57c.

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碩士
中國文化大學
國際企業管理學系碩士在職專班
102
Banking in the face of changes in economic environment how to attract consumers’ attention in the case of limited resources and provide satisfactory service quality, how to get the valid scientific data and analysis on the industry. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to understand and explore, do distinguish between consumer loyalty and relationship behavior relationship attitudinal loyalty to distinguish different types of consumers, according to personal preferences awareness level differences as we examine the different loyalty degree types of consumers in the integrity, in order to improve customer for loyalty behavior. According to the statistical findings, Relationship of acts of loyalty and relationship attitude loyalty construct four groups with differences in types of consumers, were named as “absolute loyalty” and “a high degree of loyalty”, “a low degree of loyalty”, “indifference loyalty”. Therefore, it is recommended that banking should be established for different consumers of the relationship, to obtain the trust of consumers, and ultimately consumers become loyal customers.
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46

Lu, Ping-yu, and 呂斌毓. "A Comparative Study on the Operating Performance of Taiwanese Bank Branch in Vietnam and Vietnam Local Bank." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/adf78d.

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碩士
國立高雄大學
國際高階經營管理碩士在職專班(IEMBA)
102
In the financial liberalization and internationalization title shot, the changing banking environment reform, making the overall environment is full of opportunities and threats, the soundness of the financial system at stake whether the economic and social stability and development. After 80 years of Republican government opened 15 private banks established in Taiwan's financial industry to flourish kill exhibition. The face of major changes in the overall domestic financial ecology in recent years, Vietnam's economic development and investment environment in the Asia-Pacific region and even favored by investors, Taiwan-funded banks turning Vietnam and other Southeast Asian region to find a second production base. Therefore, Taiwan-funded banks have to follow the footsteps of the layout of the Asian markets of Taiwan to explore business opportunities, enhance the profitability of the bank the opportunity to spread business risk, and expand international competitiveness. So, how to analyze the bank's competitive advantages and disadvantages, and choose the best business strategy, seeking the best performance, is an important issue to be faced by the banks. Formulating competitive strategy, we must first understand the relative efficiency of all banks. What factors will affect its operating efficiency? Therefore, this study intends to cut from an efficiency point of view , mining data envelopment analysis (DEA) as analytical tools , in addition to the information envelope basic concept analysis , the model evolution and use of procedures such as first be described clarified , but be positive and two Taiwan public-funded banks and four IPO banks in Vietnam for the study, collected from 2006 to 2013 financial information, etc., for efficiency analysis, slack variable analysis , sensitivity analysis, changes in total factor productivity analysis, in order to observe these six banks long-term changes in the relative efficiency of operations . The study found that the efficiency of the performance of the bank 's capital after the capital increase before the superior efficiency performance ; Taiwanese banks outperformed the more efficient banks ; changes in technical efficiency of the first bank branch in Ho Chi Minh City, the changes showed a growing trend in production technology , changes in total factor productivity greatest growth . This article shall be first and the more domestic-owned banks operating performance appraisals for Vietnam Taiwan-funded empirical thesis, the time series data converted into panel data, changes in total factor productivity conduct dynamic analysis, which is also the study unique.
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47

LEE, TZUNG-LIN, and 李宗霖. "The Performance Analysis of HSBC (Taiwan) Acquiring The Local Bank." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9drbe3.

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碩士
實踐大學
企業管理學系碩士在職專班
107
The caption of “Foreign banks seek to withdraw from Taiwan market.” appeared on the financial news scoop for several times since 2015. According to the statistical data from the authorities that there were 65 branches closed during 2011~2018 for foreign banks in Taiwan. Plus, At the time, a rumor of “a London-based Financial service giant in TW is seeking Pulling out of Retail Banking” spreading in the financial market, which would follow withdrawals in recent months from a cluster of foreign banks including Barclays and Bank of Nova Scotia. How come such information or “RUMORS” emerge that often? Is there something wrong, or what happen to the market? Is it about the foreign company business strategy change? Or the corporate culture and the TW financial edict not match up, prompting them leaving TW. Meanwhile, according to the press reports, the high-management level of the largest (Life Insurance) Financial Holdings confirmed: “More Than ONE foreign bank contacts us”and seek sales of their whole banking business in TW. Thus, in this study research, I chose HSBC (TW) for the performance analysis comparing with citibank (TW), the both are the Top-2 foreign banking giants which acquiring the local banks in the same year in 2007. And analysis showed that HSBC (TW) failed to expand the market share and profits from the main competitor. This meant that “No Synergy emerged.” for the Acquisition case by HSBC (TW) for the first decade. Its rival, by far citibank (TW) is still the market leader for foreign banks with its strong Core Competence, prevailing brand, high ambition, aggressive business strategy, corporate culture, and the factor of “Matthew Effect, The Big Ones Get Bigger” etc. This is why HSBC (TW) is hard to approach citibank for the current stage. The market competition is set to intensify due to Fin-tech, mobile payment emerged etc. And the local banking giants progress rapidly in “Economy of Scale” and many areas such as “Foreign exchange”, “Fin-tech” with agile and quick flexible move. The overbanking status hasn't changed. For the suggestion to the whole foreign commercial banks in Taiwan that they should gear up and prepare for the “Bank 4.0” and the severe challenges in the foreseeable future. DO MORE in “Diversification”, “Innovation” in their operations for expanding market share. Otherwise, their profits and market share might go from bad to worse in Taiwan due to overbanking.
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48

Chen, Yi-wen, and 陳怡雯. "Are Local Enterprises Different from Foreign Ones? Chinese Organization Politics: Cases Study on F Bank and A Bank." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bc6n7n.

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碩士
世新大學
企業管理研究所(含碩專班)
102
The study is to investigate the differences between domestic local enterprises and foreign enterprises in the Chinese organization politics relations and further compare the impact of different working environments of local and foreign enterprises on employees’ career life. On the organization type, the management way and characteristics of local enterprises are different from that of foreign enterprises, for instance, paternalistic management, clear and strong authority of business owners, resource allocation and decision-making rights. However, organization political behavior is almost everywhere in enterprises and has a negative impact on organization or individual; but if enterprises can coordinate and address the political behavior based on the work atmosphere and good communication between officers and employees to unite the centripetal force of the members of the organization and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises. It’s recommended that local enterprises should be more democratic in the organization management structure design, give employees the opportunity to participate in organization operation and express their views and moderately reduce the impact of employees on organization politics. While in the development with cross-cultural differences, enterprises should flexibly react and consider to help organizations improve the performance in various areas, and, finally should move towards the direction of specialization and institutionalization to make enterprises more successful.
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49

Hsu, Man-Fen, and 徐曼芬. "Managerial Efficiency Evaluation After the Merger and Acquisition Between Foreign Bank and Local Bank – A Case Study of DBS." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41118702982777205508.

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碩士
銘傳大學
應用統計資訊學系碩士班
100
With the liberalization and internationalization of financial development, companies take active mergers acquisition actively to get market shares and professionals more quickly. Based on the second financial reformation advanced by Taiwanese government, this influenced of mergers and acquisitions trend. Foreign banks to quickly enter the Taiwan market, expanding its financial operations and extends to China. In recent years, foreign banks mergers and acquisitions of local banks of such as: Standard Chartered Bank mergers and acquisitions of Hsinchu International Bank, City Bank mergers and acquisitions of OCBC Bank, HSBC mergers and acquisitions of The Chinese Commercial Bank, DBS Bank mergers and acquisitions of Bowa Bank. In this study, we use CCR model and BCC model to discuss the eight foreigner acquisitioned domestic banks in Taiwan, and the slack variable analysis to understand how much for improvement of the inefficient bank; then observe DBS Bank, through Malmquist to investigate the past six years, the efficiency values of different periods and efficiency changes in situation, and a Tobit regression model to understand the indicator for the importance of the efficiency value of DBS Bank. Finally, through a nonparametric test to observe the DBS Bank mergers and acquisitions of Bowa Bank that is there to enhance operating performance.
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50

ZHU, ZHE-YI, and 朱哲毅. "A study on performance evaluation model for local bank in Taiwan." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89216497944277891634.

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