Journal articles on the topic 'Logics of design'
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Annala, Linda, Pia Eva Polsa, and Gyöngyi Kovács. "Changing institutional logics and implications for supply chains: Ethiopian rural water supply." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 24, no. 3 (May 7, 2019): 355–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scm-02-2018-0049.
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Purpose The institutional logic in developing countries is changing from aid toward trade, having implications for institutionally embedded supply chains (SCs) and their members. The purpose of this study is to investigate the transition from aid toward trade through a theoretical lens of institutional logics and the implications of changing logics for SC members and designs. Design/methodology/approach This is a large-scale qualitative study of the SCs of maintenance and repair operations (MRO) of water points. Empirical data were collected via 53 semi-structured interviews, observations, including photographs, and field notes from several echelons of MRO SCs in ten different Ethiopian districts. Findings In spite of the same underlying tenet of a unidirectional trajectory toward a business logic, the study shows that the co-existence or constellation of different institutional logics resulted in diverse practices that impacted SC design. Research limitations/implications The research was carried out in the MRO SC at a time of changing institutional logics, thereby being able to study their transition or constellation of logics. Practical implications The research has implications for policymakers and development practitioners: when designing and implementing rural water supply programs, the presence of co-existing logics and the lack of uniform SC designs should not be viewed as a hindrance. In fact, the study showed how constellations of logics can provide ways through which water points continue functioning and providing clean drinking water to the communities. Originality/value Few studies so far have focused on institutional logics and their implications for SC design.
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Hu, Zhi Ming, Zhong Qi Wang, Ning Li, and Hui Ping Wang. "Description Logics in Information Semantic Integration for Product Design and Manufacturing." Advanced Materials Research 542-543 (June 2012): 251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.542-543.251.
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In the process of information semantic integration for product design and manufacturing, it is very important to express the product information semantic. Description logics (DLs) are a family of state-of-the-art knowledge representation languages, and a decidable subset of first-order logic. Firstly, by analyzing the characteristics of product information, proposed a semantic information description framework based on description logics for product information integration, which is divided into three levels: basic description logic, classic extended logic and unusual extended logic. Then, in the framework, reducer was taken for example to illustrate the application of their description logic in product design and manufacturing formal semantic information. Finally, based on description logic, discussed reasoning problems of product design and manufacturing information.
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Du, Ting. "Research on the Integral Practical and Aesthetic Design Teaching of Architecture and Site Environment —Taking Kindergarten Architecture and Site Logic Model Teaching Approach as an Example." Frontiers Research of Architecture and Engineering 1, no. 2 (April 28, 2018): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/frae.v1i2.47.
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The integral practical and aesthetic design teaching of architecture and site environment is expected to deal with the junior-grade design teaching in architecture major with a current situation that the insuffcient consideration of the site environment and the chaotic city image, which caused by long-term emphasis on single function and personality performance of architecture. The key to the integral practicability and aesthetics is the emphasis on the integrality of spatial logical order of those two factors, which contains the integral harmony of function attributes, scale, logics, and modal relationships and so on. Combine with the teaching of kindergarten architecture design, using architecture and site logic model teaching methodology, through the extraction cognitive teaching approach of the site environment order logics, the cognitive teaching approach of kindergarten architecture spatial logics, the strategic teaching approach of the congruent design of the integral order of architecture and site environment logics, module and model congruent counterpoint design teaching approach of architecture and large site environment order logics, organization and construction integrated design teaching approach of architecture and small site environment spatial logics, and result design teaching approach of architectures integrated into the landscape of large site environment and their surrounding small site environment and other teaching procedures to complete the teaching tasks of the integral practical and aesthetic design of kindergarten architecture and site environment.
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WOO-HYUN PAIK HOON-JAE KI SOO-WON K. "Low power logic design using push-pull pass-transistor logics." International Journal of Electronics 84, no. 5 (May 1998): 467–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/002072198134571.
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Woodside, Sarah J. "Dominant logics." Social Enterprise Journal 14, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 39–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sej-01-2016-0001.
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Purpose Work integration social enterprises (WISEs) address the chronic unemployment of disadvantaged populations. However, WISEs face challenges, in part, because they embody both social mission and market logics which potentially contradict one another. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the founders of WISEs perceive the relationship between logics and how they manage any resulting tensions, to help determine if they are effective vehicles for alleviating unemployment. Design/methodology/approach This study used in-depth interviews with social entrepreneurs in nationally recognized WISEs to assess how they perceived and managed logic tensions. Findings A total of eight out of the ten WISEs emphasized one dominant logic and did not perceive significant internal conflict. Only two cases experienced prolonged and ultimately irreconcilable tensions between their social mission and market goals, when social entrepreneurs were guided by the blended logics of providing training and services to disadvantaged populations within a for-profit legal form. Research limitations/implications Future research is required to determine the generalizability of these findings due to small sample size, an exclusive focus on the founder’s perspective and an exclusive focus on WISEs. Practical implications Findings contribute to greater understanding of logic tensions in WISEs and the opportunities and limitations that result from aligning dominant logic(s) and organizational form. Originality/value This research suggests that the founders of WISEs perceive market and social mission logics as options to be selected, and that WISEs struggle to succeed as organizations with two dominant logics. The market appears as yet unprepared to support singlehandedly organizations with a social mission of work integration.
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Wixom, Jacob Hartt, Eric Dahlin, Curtis Child, and Christopher A. Mattson. "Logics of Collaboration." International Journal for Service Learning in Engineering, Humanitarian Engineering and Social Entrepreneurship 17, no. 2 (November 22, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ijsle.v17i2.15709.
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Participatory design approaches such as co-design are promoted as ways to increase the likelihood that engineered products are economically, environmentally, and socially sustainable by incorporating stakeholders into decision-making processes. However, executing collaborative design practices that incorporate the variety of stakeholders represents an enormous challenge. In this paper we examine these realities as experienced by a co-design team comprised of design engineers from a foreign country who are engaged with local stakeholders to develop a product for a community in the Brazilian Amazon. Based on more than a year of ethnographic research, we identify three types of perspectives or institutional logics operating in this setting—engineering, modernization, and traditional—which interact to constrain and enable the co-design process. We find that these logics can undermine co-design because the design team is better equipped to respond to stakeholders who express modernization logics rather than traditional ones. We conclude that while co-design can be truly collaborative in development projects, other times it may lead to the appearance that the design process is collaborative when it may in fact mask the marginalization of certain stakeholder voices.
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Schäffer, Utz, Erik Strauss, and Christina Zecher. "The role of management control systems in situations of institutional complexity." Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management 12, no. 4 (October 12, 2015): 395–424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qram-01-2015-0010.
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Purpose – This study investigates in depth how decision-making of different organisational members is shaped by various management control systems (MCSs) that reflect different institutional logics, how the entire organisation deals with the arising institutional complexity and which role different management controls as a system play in such situations. Design/methodology/approach – A case study was conducted on a German Mittelstand firm whose MCSs were shaped by three different logics over time: a family logic, a stakeholder logic and a shareholder logic. Findings – This paper shows how different actors of an organisation confronted with institutional complexity used selective coupling of different MCS components and compartmentalizing MCS components to deal with clashing institutional logics. Thereby, it was possible for the actors to balance different sub-communities within the firm that were shaped by conflicting but yet complementary logics that were required for organisational survival. Research limitations/implications – This study contributes to the understanding of how an MCS can be exploited for organisational structural responses to multiple logics. Due to this research design, the present study deals with challenges of ex post rationalization. Practical implications – The results show options for organisational leaders to deal with different kind of worldviews (i.e. logics) that shape employees’ behaviour. Particularly, this paper explains how leaders can restructure their MCSs to influence human behaviour in times of radical change. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the literature on MCSs by showing what role MCSs play in structural responses to institutional complexity.
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Della Giustina, Davide, Amelia Alvarez de Sotomayor, Alessio Dedè, and Francisco Ramos. "A Model-Based Design of Distributed Automation Systems for the Smart Grid: Implementation and Validation." Energies 13, no. 14 (July 10, 2020): 3560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13143560.
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The paper aims at describing a model-based approach to design automation logics for fault location and supply restoration in medium voltage distribution networks. The application of automation functions along medium voltage feeders and, in particular, the installation of protection devices in secondary substations mandates the design and the implementation of complex logics to coordinate the operations of this hardware in case of fault occurrences. This synchronization is realized with the exchange of IEC 61850 GOOSE messages, but the correct usage of this information must be implemented in each protection device through dedicated logics, which are not in the common out-of-the-box system configurations. To support the introduction and the design of these logics, an automata-based approach has been proposed and successfully demonstrated in a real environment in the European research project IDE4L. This formal methodology has been introduced to simplify the design phase and to standardize the logics implemented in the protection prototypes realized in the project. The same models have also been used in the implementation phase with a semi-automatic code generation procedure, considering as a target system the software programmable logic controllers (soft-PLCs), available on the protection devices. Based on the test results and the short time to set up the test bench, this approach proved to be a reliable and effective way to implement complex medium voltage (MV) automation logics such those needed in modern smart grids.
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Yao, Lian, Peng Liu, Jigang Wu, Yinhe Han, Yuehang Zhong, and Zhiqiang You. "Integrating Two Logics Into One Crossbar Array for Logic Gate Design." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 68, no. 8 (August 2021): 2987–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsii.2021.3071386.
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Wilkie, Alex. "Regimes of Design, Logics of Users." Athenea Digital. Revista de pensamiento e investigación social 11, no. 1 (March 8, 2011): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/athenea.842.
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Wilkie, Alex. "Regimes of Design, Logics of Users." Athenea Digital. Revista de pensamiento e investigación social 11, no. 1 (March 8, 2011): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/athenead/v11n1.842.
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Eissens-van der Laan, Monique, Manda Broekhuis, Marjolein van Offenbeek, and Kees Ahaus. "Service decomposition: a conceptual analysis of modularizing services." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 36, no. 3 (March 7, 2016): 308–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-06-2015-0370.
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Purpose – Applying “modularity” principles in services is gaining in popularity. The purpose of this paper is to enrich existing service modularity theory and practice by exploring how services are being decomposed and how the modularization aim and the routineness of the service(s) involved may link to different decomposition logics. The authors argue that these are fundamental questions that have barely been addressed. Design/methodology/approach – The authors first built a theoretical framework of decomposition steps and the design choices involved that distinguished six decomposition logics. The authors conducted a systematic literature search that generated 18 empirical articles describing 16 service modularity cases. The authors analysed these cases in terms of decomposition logic and two main contingencies: modularization aim and service routineness. Findings – Only three of the 18 articles explicitly addressed the service decomposition by reflecting on the underlying design choices. By unravelling the decomposition in each case, the authors were able to identify the decomposition logic and found four of the six theoretically derived logics: single-level process oriented; single-level outcome oriented; multilevel outcome oriented; and multilevel combined orientation. Although the authors did not find a direct relationship between the modularization aim and the decomposition logic, the authors did find that single-level decomposition logics seem to be mainly applied in non-routine service offerings whereas the multilevel ones are mainly applied in routine service offerings. Originality/value – By contributing to a common understanding of modular service decomposition and proposing a framework that explicates the design choices involved, the authors enable an enhanced application of the modularity concept in services.
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Demri, Stéphane, and Raul Fervari. "The power of modal separation logics." Journal of Logic and Computation 29, no. 8 (December 2019): 1139–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/logcom/exz019.
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Abstract We introduce a modal separation logic MSL whose models are memory states from separation logic and the logical connectives include modal operators as well as separating conjunction and implication from separation logic. With such a combination of operators, some fragments of MSL can be seen as genuine modal logics whereas some others capture standard separation logics, leading to an original language to speak about memory states. We analyse the decidability status and the computational complexity of several fragments of MSL, obtaining surprising results by design of proof methods that take into account the modal and separation features of MSL. For example, the satisfiability problem for the fragment of MSL with $\Diamond $, the difference modality $\langle \neq \rangle $ and separating conjunction $\ast $ is shown Tower-complete whereas the restriction either to $\Diamond $ and $\ast $ or to $\langle \neq \rangle $ and $\ast $ is only NP-complete. We establish that the full logic MSL admits an undecidable satisfiability problem. Furthermore, we investigate variants of MSL with alternative semantics and we build bridges with interval temporal logics and with logics equipped with sabotage operators.
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Poirier, Lindsay. "Devious Design: Digital Infrastructure Challenges for Experimental Ethnography." Design Issues 33, no. 2 (April 2017): 70–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/desi_a_00440.
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Diverse disciplinary communities approach design with diverse design logics design directives informed by critical theoretical commitments that are to be translated into material form. Recounting the design of a digital humanities platform, this paper shows how design logics of existing digital infrastructure can at times be out of sync with those of a design community seeking to leverage it. I argue that, in such situations, a designer should do more than simply “make do” with available infrastructure; the designer should instead design deviously – leveraging infrastructure in ways that undercut its logics. This suggests that reflective design involves reflecting, not only on design practice, but also on the logics of the infrastructure available to designers.
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Lehn-Christiansen, Sine, and Mari Holen. "Logics of care in clinical education." Journal of Organizational Ethnography 8, no. 3 (October 14, 2019): 268–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joe-04-2018-0021.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how clinical nurse education and nursing students’ care practices are shaped by different logics of care. Design/methodology/approach Inspired by Mol’s work on care, the paper explores care practices connected to the clinical education of nurses. The empirical data were generated from longitudinal, multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork among nursing students in clinical practice combined with follow-up interviews with the students and their supervisors. Findings The paper illustrates how three logics of care shape clinical education: the logic of relational care, the logic of care education and the logic of care production. The paper demonstrates how the logics unfold and entangle in everyday clinical education. On the one hand, care of patients based on the relationship between patient and nurse is highly valued. On the other hand, this logic is not institutionalized in the same way as practices induced by the logic of care production and the logic of care education. Originality/value The paper may be of value to scholars and practitioners in clinical education, as well as to health educational policy makers. The findings focus on paradoxes produced by conflicting logics in practice, thus offering new reflections and alternative sensemaking of well-known problems connected to clinical education.
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Gisch, Celina, Bernhard Hirsch, and David Lindermüller. "Reporting practices in situations of conflicting institutional logics: the case of a German federal authority." Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change 17, no. 4 (May 5, 2021): 494–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jaoc-02-2020-0020.
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Purpose This study aims to understand how reporting practices act as drivers of change in situations of conflicting institutional logics in a public sector organisation. Design/methodology/approach The findings are based on a case study of a German federal authority, where management accounting reports were introduced as part of a “new” managerial logic of control. Findings In the case organisation, management accounting reports were intended to change the behaviour of executives but were still guided by an “old” logic of justification. Nevertheless, over time, the addressees of the reports used the reports and reconciled different logics. This documents a process from decoupling to compromising and, finally, reconciling different institutional logics. Originality/value By examining the practices of management accounting reporting, this study elaborates the tensions placed on individuals by conflicting institutional logics and provides insights into how organisational practices are used to handle and reconcile conflicting logics in a public sector organisation. Therefore, this paper contributes to the discussion on how organisational practices act as drivers of organisational change.
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Kaya, Cigdem, Nihal Kartaltepe Behram, and Göksel Ataman. "The effects of logic replacement in coal-mining disaster: the case of Soma." Management Research Review 39, no. 10 (October 17, 2016): 1146–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-06-2015-0141.
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Purpose Drawing from the institutional logics and organizational disaster literature, this paper aims to illustrate that the replacement of logics can be problematic in a high-risk industry such as coal mining by adding an institutional perspective to the understanding of disasters. Design/methodology/approach This paper investigated the field of coal mining in Turkey historically from archival data resources. A comprehensive, qualitative inquiry of a single-case study was then conducted. Findings The findings suggest that a shift from social welfare logic to business logic in the coal-mining industry can lead to coal-mining disasters, resulting from changing practices through an increase in the number of private enterprises through royalty contracts, the use of an increased labor force instead of mechanical methods and systems and the maximization of profit by underestimating the effects of taking almost no occupational safety measures. Practical implications The connection between institutional logics and organizational disasters could lead institutional actors to question their understanding of institutional logics. Originality/value This paper provides original research evidence for the relationship between industrial disasters and institutional logics.
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Bartocci, Luca, Giuseppe Grossi, and Sara Giovanna Mauro. "Towards a hybrid logic of participatory budgeting." International Journal of Public Sector Management 32, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-06-2017-0169.
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PurposeParticipatory budgeting (PB) is considered a suitable tool for supporting and promoting citizen engagement in government work. Previous studies of PB have deeply investigated its design and effects, but paid little attention to the underlying logics of adopting and implementing PB. The purpose of this paper is to, accordingly, investigate the development over time of the institutional logics of PB and attempt to explain their effect on PB.Design/methodology/approachUsing a longitudinal multiple case study design, this research analyzes the evolution of institutional logics over time and across five municipalities in Italy. The analysis integrates documents with interviews conducted at two times to investigate the evolution of PB logics.FindingsThe development of PB is characterized by the spread of two emerging logics–i.e. managerial and community-building logics–that replace or coexist with the traditional political logic. Indeed, these different logics can coexist within governments, with different degrees of conflict or coexistence, resulting in what can be considered a hybrid logic.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the number of examined cases is limited, this research elaborates an original conceptual approach and provides new insights that could help in better designing and implementing PB.Originality/valueThis research builds knowledge of PB by shedding light on its different logics, linking them to diverse specific models of PB and exploring their changes over time.
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RABE, FLORIAN. "A logical framework combining model and proof theory." Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 23, no. 5 (March 1, 2013): 945–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960129512000424.
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Mathematical logic and computer science have driven the design of a growing number of logics and related formalisms such as set theories and type theories. In response to this population explosion, logical frameworks have been developed as formal meta-languages in which to represent, structure, relate and reason about logics.Research on logical frameworks has diverged into separate communities, often with conflicting backgrounds and philosophies. In particular, two of the most important logical frameworks are the framework of institutions, from the area of model theory based on category theory, and the Edinburgh Logical Framework LF, from the area of proof theory based on dependent type theory. Even though their ultimate motivations overlap – for example in applications to software verification – they have fundamentally different perspectives on logic.In the current paper, we design a logical framework that integrates the frameworks of institutions and LF in a way that combines their complementary advantages while retaining the elegance of each of them. In particular, our framework takes a balanced approach between model theory and proof theory, and permits the representation of logics in a way that comprises all major ingredients of a logic: syntax, models, satisfaction, judgments and proofs. This provides a theoretical basis for the systematic study of logics in a comprehensive logical framework. Our framework has been applied to obtain a large library of structured and machine-verified encodings of logics and logic translations.
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Ragavendran, U., and M. Ramachandran. "Low Power and Low Complexity Flip-Flop Design using MIFGMOS." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.1 (August 4, 2018): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.1.17233.
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Sequential logic is essential in many applications as data processing for speech recognition in cochlear implants. In this paper, a family of latches based on floating-gate MOS (FGMOS) transistors is presented. This family takes advantage on the fact that FGMOS logics process data using mostly passive devices, achieving small area and low-power, requirements of modern electronics. Post-layout SPICE simulations from an ON-Semiconductors 0.5 µm CMOS process technology shows improvements over conventional CMOS logic families, making FGMOS latches ideal for low-power applications.
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Kamide, Norihiro. "Logical foundations of hierarchical model checking." Data Technologies and Applications 52, no. 4 (September 4, 2018): 539–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dta-01-2018-0002.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop new simple logics and translations for hierarchical model checking. Hierarchical model checking is a model-checking paradigm that can appropriately verify systems with hierarchical information and structures. Design/methodology/approach In this study, logics and translations for hierarchical model checking are developed based on linear-time temporal logic (LTL), computation-tree logic (CTL) and full computation-tree logic (CTL*). A sequential linear-time temporal logic (sLTL), a sequential computation-tree logic (sCTL), and a sequential full computation-tree logic (sCTL*), which can suitably represent hierarchical information and structures, are developed by extending LTL, CTL and CTL*, respectively. Translations from sLTL, sCTL and sCTL* into LTL, CTL and CTL*, respectively, are defined, and theorems for embedding sLTL, sCTL and sCTL* into LTL, CTL and CTL*, respectively, are proved using these translations. Findings These embedding theorems allow us to reuse the standard LTL-, CTL-, and CTL*-based model-checking algorithms to verify hierarchical systems that are modeled and specified by sLTL, sCTL and sCTL*. Originality/value The new logics sLTL, sCTL and sCTL* and their translations are developed, and some illustrative examples of hierarchical model checking are presented based on these logics and translations.
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Primiero, Giuseppe. "A logic of efficient and optimal designs." Journal of Logic and Computation 29, no. 6 (October 2019): 947–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/logcom/exz014.
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Abstract Logics of design have been formulated until recently to offer systematic treatments of the way systems express the relation between resources, processes and their outputs. We present a logic of systems design which explicitly formalizes this relation as a decidable checking problem on resource access and define computable efficiency and optimality properties.
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Brown, Hana E., and Rachel Kahn Best. "Logics of Redistribution." Sociological Perspectives 60, no. 4 (July 1, 2016): 786–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731121416656843.
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Social policy scholars disagree about which factors best predict U.S. welfare state generosity. We argue that this disagreement is an artifact of study designs. Researchers usually study either the totality of a state’s social expenditures or one specific program. These approaches overlook the fact that individual social programs were born of different circumstances and serve different constituencies. Comparing state-level policies for Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), our findings suggest that these programs are governed by distinct logics of redistribution. Racial characteristics drive TANF generosity. Economic forces best predict CHIP generosity. SNAP generosity is a function of political factors. Qualitative data from Congressional hearings confirm these findings. These results adjudicate between conflicting accounts of the contemporary welfare state and also highlight which aspects of a program’s design make it most susceptible to the effects of racial bias and to partisan politics.
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Wimalasinghe, Rochelle, and Tharusha N. Gooneratne. "Control practices in a traditional industry in Sri Lanka: an institutional logics perspective." Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management 16, no. 1 (April 15, 2019): 93–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qram-07-2017-0071.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the co-existence of multiple logics, resulting complexities and their implications on control practices within a traditional industry (southern cinnamon) in Sri Lanka. Design/methodology/approach The paper is premised upon the qualitative methodology and case study approach, while the theoretical backing is provided by the institutional logics perspective. Findings The findings reveal that controls are exercised in the southern cinnamon industry to manage competing facets stemming from the co-existence of multiple logics, such as family logic, commercial logic and state logic. Amid the recurring complexity caused by competing logics, the industry remains in a state of control through mediators, such as the exporter trade union (the Spice Council), which although predominantly guided by commercial logic, acts in easing-off tensions between competing logics, while serving the interest of multiple actors. Controls in southern cinnamon nevertheless take a peculiar form, giving way to the continuation of traditional rudimentary practices, which essentially represent the interests of ground level actors. Originality/value Moving beyond corporate settings, which are the typical focus of mainstream studies, this paper adds to the existing body of knowledge on control practices in traditional industries, where informal and localized controls prevail. Theoretically, it expands the use of the institutional logics perspective, recognizing multiple logics, tensions and complexities in management control research. In doing so, the authors probe into informal control mechanisms in traditional industries to understand the controls and complexities in practice. Practically, the paper portrays beliefs, issues and incidents in the field (of the southern cinnamon industry in Sri Lanka), which explains why the field operates as it does, thereby offering insights to actors in the field, ranging from practitioners to policymakers.
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Maibom, Cæcilie, and Pernille Smith. "Symbiosis across institutional logics in a social enterprise." Social Enterprise Journal 12, no. 3 (November 7, 2016): 260–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sej-02-2016-0002.
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Purpose Non-profit organisations are moving from being permeated with social institutional logics to becoming increasingly influenced by market logics. These organisations thereby have to cope with multiple, often conflicting, logics. The existing literature on hybrid organisations has investigated the consequences of multiple logics, focussing in particular on the conflicts and power struggles between the agents of different logics. This paper aims to examine a social enterprise (SE), which in recent years has experienced a shift towards market logics while being firmly grounded in a non-profit social logic. Design/methodology/approach This paper is a qualitative, single-case case study of a SE based on interviews and observations. Findings The paper investigates how this hybrid organisation experienced and responded to an organisational environment marked by multiple institutional logics. Unlike the subjects of many previous studies, the organisation managed to accommodate and assemble the logics in an unproblematic symbiosis. A strong ideological congruence across institutional logics appears to play the main role in spanning the boundaries between institutional logics. Furthermore, organisational structures advocating decentralisation, autonomy and transparency appear to be important facilitators of the integration of diverse logics. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature on hybrid organisations and SEs and aids practitioners in such organisations. It suggests that organisational decentralisation, autonomy and transparency facilitate the integration of multiple logics – especially if ideological congruence exists between the actors of different institutional logics. The findings indicate that ideological congruence enhances tolerance towards different approaches and increases the willingness to integrate diverse logics.
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Saguin, Kidjie, and Benjamin Cashore. "Two logics of participation in policy design." Policy Design and Practice 5, no. 1 (January 2, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/25741292.2022.2038978.
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Barbour, Joshua B., Cara W. Jacocks, and Kylene J. Wesner. "The Message Design Logics of Organizational Change." Communication Monographs 80, no. 3 (September 2013): 354–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2013.788251.
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Sumartono, Sumartono. "VISUAL POLLUTION IN THE CONTEX OF CONFLICTING DESIGN REQUIREMENTS." Jurnal Dimensi Seni Rupa dan Desain 6, no. 2 (February 1, 2009): 157–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/dim.v6i2.1140.
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AbstrakPopulasi Sosial dalam Kaitannya dengan Pertentangan Persyaratan Desain. Semua jenis desain ( desain grafis, produk dan interior) dirahkan untuk mempertimbangkan beberapa persyaratan tertentu yang diikuti dengan penggunaan metode berfikir secara logis guna memenuhi suatu proses desain. apabila dalam mendesain sesuatu, persyaratan-persyaratn tersebut sudah dipertimbangkan dengan baik dan proses desain secara logis telah digunakan, maka lengkaplah desain itu sendiri. Idealnya , tidak terjadi pertentangan di antara desain yang dibuat karena semuanya sudah berlandaskan kepada pengguanan metode proses desainyang logis. Namun pada kenyataannya, keberadaan yang diharapkan saling menunjang dari masing-masing desain telah menimbulkan adanya pertentangan dalam hal pemenuhan persyaratan dan juga logika. Pertentangan tersebut dapat kita jumpai pada saat terjadi polusi pemandangan ( visual pollution) di suatu lokasi. Tulisan ini akan membahas pengaruh dari pemandangan yang diakibatkan oleh keberadaan papan reklame, rambu-rambu di jalan, poster, rumah/gedung, kendaran yang bergerak, desain grafis di luar toko, desain kemasan, coretan-coretan dan lain-lain dalam konteks pertentangan dalam hal persyaratan dan berpikir logika. AbstractVisual Pollution In the Context of Conflicting Design Requirements. All designs ( graphic, product, and interior design)are directed to consider certain requirements which are followed by logical thinking to fulfill a design process. Once the requirements of each design have been well considered and the logical design process has been fulfilled, the design is complete. Ideally . all design are not supposed to be in conflict with each other because aeach one is based on logical design process. In reality, however the mutual existence of these designs has produced conflicting requirements and thereby conflicting logics. This conflict can be seen in visual pollution. This paper will examine the impct of visual pollution caused by billboard, street signs, posters, houses/buildings, automobiles, shopfront graphic design, packaging design, grafitti etc, in the contex of conflicting logic/requirements
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Stamatopoulou, Athina. "Design for Relations." FormAkademisk - forskningstidsskrift for design og designdidaktikk 13, no. 4 (December 17, 2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.7577/formakademisk.3379.
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The city, composed of heterogeneous relations, is an open complex system, beyond its physicality. Questioning analysis and design, a work-in-progress methodology of a generative mapping negotiating different kinds of design logics is presented. The methodology is composed of (1) data gathering; (2) investigating relations among data; and (3) testing with two cases elicited from Athens Center public space. The focus is on how such a relational-thinking methodology cultivates design logics through designing by analyzing; designing by defining frame(s); designing the program; designing as an interventional strategy in/through interdependencies; designing by intervening with territorial forces; and employing intra-parametric strategies. By enforcing emergence and management of complexities in diverse fields of potential application, the methodology negotiates the limits and the ways of design.
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Systemic urban design, relational design, relational territorialities, relationally generated complexity; design methodology; open method; diagrammatic mapping
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Torres, Javier. "Dynamic Epistemic Logic in Game Design." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 13, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v13i2.12965.
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Dynamic Epistemic Logics are a set of multimodal logics that deal with knowledge and change. We argue that the theory for this formalism is mature enough to start a practical implementation, while at the same time having a sizable amount of theoretical expansions. We also claim that these two factors make it an attractive formalism for new features in games featuring an agent’s internal model, like planning for gathering information, acting without revealing one’s goals or feeding possibly false information to a set of agents to influence their beliefs, augmenting already existing mechanisms.
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González, Pablo R. Velasco. "Superabundant design." A Peer-Reviewed Journal About 5, no. 1 (February 15, 2016): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/aprja.v5i1.116041.
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Tiziana Terranova draws attention to the necessity of questioning how algorithmically enabled automation works “in terms of control and monetization” and “what kind of time and energy” is being subsumed by it (Terranova 387). Cryptocurrencies are payment technologies that automate the production of money-like tokens (Bergstra and Weijland) following algorithmic rules to maintain a fixed production rate. Different kinds of energy and residues, which are not always acknowledged, are involved in this process. Here I distinguish between two closely linked layers in the Bitcoin token production: first, an algorithmic layer, which contains the instructions and rules for the creation of bitcoins; second, a hardware layer, which performs and embodies the former. While these layers work together, I will argue that they enact their own kind of logics of energy and waste. I will begin at the more visible end of the production cycle, the hardware layer, where the definition of waste and energy consumption is shared with many electronic devices; then I will trace back its algorithmic layer, which as I argue, follows a different logic.
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MAHER, MICHAEL J., ILIAS TACHMAZIDIS, GRIGORIS ANTONIOU, STEPHEN WADE, and LONG CHENG. "Rethinking Defeasible Reasoning: A Scalable Approach." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 20, no. 4 (February 24, 2020): 552–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068420000010.
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AbstractRecent technological advances have led to unprecedented amounts of generated data that originate from the Web, sensor networks, and social media. Analytics in terms of defeasible reasoning – for example, for decision making – could provide richer knowledge of the underlying domain. Traditionally, defeasible reasoning has focused on complex knowledge structures over small to medium amounts of data, but recent research efforts have attempted to parallelize the reasoning process over theories with large numbers of facts. Such work has shown that traditional defeasible logics come with overheads that limit scalability. In this work, we design a new logic for defeasible reasoning, thus ensuring scalability by design. We establish several properties of the logic, including its relation to existing defeasible logics. Our experimental results indicate that our approach is indeed scalable and defeasible reasoning can be applied to billions of facts.
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Sarma, Sushanta Kumar. "Composition of Indian microfinance: a case for competing logics." International Journal of Organizational Analysis 27, no. 5 (November 4, 2019): 1298–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoa-05-2018-1436.
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Purpose This paper aims to understand how competing logics can co-exist in the organizational field of Indian microfinance. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses the theoretical lens of an organizational field to understand the composition of the microfinance field. Using the definition of an organizational field, key players in Indian microfinance are identified and their interactions within the field are analysed to understand the emergence and co-existence of multiple logics. The data used for this paper are collected from published work on Indian microfinance. Findings The co-existence of competing logics is sustained through the creation of two sub-fields within Indian microfinance. Each of the sub-field is dominated by one institutional logic. The field originated in developmental logic of microfinance and gradually adopted the banking logic post-2000. The sub-fields are dominated by different organizational forms with different nature of interaction within the field. Research limitations/implications Actors within the field would experience institutional complexity with lesser intensity because of the existence of two distinct sub-communities with individual logic. Dual logics can sustain itself independently provided these are embedded in two different sub-communities. Despite the emergence of a new logic, the previous logic can still remain relevant given the enabling support from institutional infrastructure. Practical implications The manifestation of development and banking logics through practices and the belief system in Indian microfinance would offer useful insights for social entrepreneurs balancing the dual goals of hybrid organizations. Due to the sub-communities, a professional working with different forms of organization would experience little pressure to adjust to diverse logic and would also experience no or little identity conflict. Originality/value This paper focuses on the microfinance sector in India as an organizational field and explores the mechanism of co-existence of the dual goals of microfinance at the field level.
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Kokko, Suvi. "Social entrepreneurship: creating social value when bridging holes." Social Enterprise Journal 14, no. 4 (November 5, 2018): 410–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sej-01-2018-0003.
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Purpose This paper aims to understand how social value is created in a context characterized by institutional complexity. By identifying stakeholders interacting in a social enterprise and the logics guiding their expected and experienced value, the study describes how social value is created when different institutional logics embedded in strong-tie networks are bridged. Design/methodology/approach Concepts of structural holes and institutional logics were applied to the empirical case of a social enterprise. Interviews provided the primary empirical material, but multiple data collection methods were used. Findings A shared goal facilitated co-existence of competing value logics, and provided common space forming multiple social value outcomes as products of the different logics. Research limitations/implications Limited to one case, this study shows that the interaction of otherwise unconnected stakeholders in a social enterprise, and their embeddedness in different institutional logics, provides one explanation for why and how social value is created. Practical implications Acknowledging and addressing gaps in knowledge and resources can lead to social value creation if social enterprises remain open to different logics. This suggests that co-existence of different logics can be a key factor for successful social value creation in social enterprises, if the competing logics are turned into complementary sources. Originality/value Dependency on logics from different networks of stakeholders shapes social enterprises to produce outcomes consistent with the different logics. The multiplicity of social value outcomes poses challenges for evaluating the success of social enterprises, especially when the tendency is to use evaluation approaches from the for-profit sector, focusing on the economic logic.
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Heinzelmann, Rafael. "Accounting logics as a challenge for ERP system implementation: a field study of SAP." Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change 13, no. 2 (June 5, 2017): 162–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jaoc-10-2015-0085.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the accounting logic inscribed in the SAP enterprise resource planning (ERP) system and how this accounting logic becomes effective in organizations. The authors draw on the notion of accounting logics by mobilizing the institutional logics literature (Thornton et al., 2012). Accordingly, accounting logics are conceptualized as crucial underlying design principles consisting of a system of beliefs, assumptions and ideas how accounting systems should be designed. Design/methodology/approach The authors adopt a qualitative case study approach conducted in a manufacturing company, hereafter called Wood Plc. The primary data source is qualitative research interviews. Secondary data, such as internal documents, were collected to increase validity and reliability through data triangulation (Ahrens and Chapman, 2006; Scapens, 2004). Findings The paper demonstrates how a particular accounting logic – the Germanic accounting logic – gets diffused throughout the organization by the means of the SAP ERP system, and creates challenges for management accounting practices in local entities. The contribution of the paper is to show that ERP systems can foster the diffusion of a specific accounting logic, which is inherently linked to the SAP system, and which enables a specific version of accounting to work in an organization. Research limitations/implications This paper could be viewed as an extreme case of a German organization using the SAP ERP system with its Germanic accounting logic inscribed to make a German accounting logic work in the entire organization. Consequently, further research could unpack the relationship between accounting logics, ERP systems, accounting systems and their use by studying not only different empirical settings with respect to the organizational context but also the ERP software used by organizations. Practical implications This paper aims to raise the awareness of practitioners of the conceptual underpinnings inscribed in the SAP accounting modules while at the same time pinpointing the potential challenges of implementation generated by the accounting logics. Originality/value The paper complements existing studies on accounting and ERP systems by bringing the accounting logic inscribed in the SAP ERP system to the fore. More precisely, this paper shows that in the wake of SAP ERP implementation, the organization studied spread its assumptions and beliefs on accounting, which are manifested in the Germanic accounting logic inscribed in the SAP ERP system, in the organization. This invoked particular challenges in non-Germanic subsidiaries in making accounting work.
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Kristiansen, Margrethe, Aud Obstfelder, and Ann Therese Lotherington. "Contradicting logics in everyday practice." Journal of Health Organization and Management 30, no. 1 (March 21, 2016): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhom-11-2013-0265.
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Purpose – Performance management is criticised as a direct challenge to the dominant logic of professionalism in health care organisations. The purpose of this paper is to report an ethnographic study that investigates how performance management and professionalism as contradicting logics are interpreted and implemented by managers and nurses in everyday practice within Norwegian nursing homes. Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents an analysis of 18 semistructured interviews and 100 hours of observation of managers and nurses from three nursing homes. The study draws on the institutional logic perspective as a theoretical framework. In the analysis, the authors searched for patterns of activities and interactions that reflected managers and nurses’ coping strategies for handling contradicting logics. Qualitative content analysis was used to systematically code the data, supported by NVIVO software. Findings – The authors identified three forms of coping strategies: the adjustment of professionalism to standards, the reinforcement of professional flexibility and problem solving, and the strategic adoption of documentation. These patterns of activities and interactions reflect new organisational structures that allowed contradicting logics to co-exist. The study demonstrates that a new complex dimension of governing processes within nursing homes is the way in which managers and nurses handle the tension between contradicting logics in their daily work and clinicians’ everyday practice. Originality/value – The study provides new insight into how managers and nurses reshape internal organisational structures to cope with contradicting logics in nursing homes.
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Sayed, Maysara, Linda C. Hendry, and Marta Zorzini Bell. "Institutional complexity and sustainable supply chain management practices." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 22, no. 6 (September 11, 2017): 542–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scm-10-2016-0365.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the impact of institutional pressures, institutional logics and institutional complexity on Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM) practices across mixed public and private sector supply chains. Design/methodology/approach Multi-case study data were collected from three tiers of food and catering supply chains: the customer/consumer tier; focal public sector UK Universities; and private sector suppliers/contractors. Findings The findings indicate that: normative and mimetic pressures are more prevalent in focal Universities, compared to suppliers; there is typically no single dominant logic across these supply chains; and the multiplicity of institutional logics (e.g. sustainability logic versus financial logic) increases institutional complexity. Therefore, in the typical case of homogeneity in terms of institutional pressures and logics, e.g. with a dominant sustainability logic throughout the supply chain, radical change in SSCM practices is facilitated. In contrast, in the more typical case when there is heterogeneity, with competing logics at different supply chain tiers, this limits SSCM to more incremental changes in practices. Research limitations/implications This study is limited to three tiers of the food and catering supply chains of UK Universities. Practical implications To aid in the successful implementation of SSCM, this study suggests a need for managers to develop an initial understanding of the prevailing institutional logics and pressures at different tiers of the supply chain. Social implications A number of the SSCM practices studied address social sustainability. Originality/value No previous studies have empirically investigated the impact of institutional complexity in the context of SSCM practices across supply chains, involving both mixed public and private sector organisations.
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Malyukova, O. V. "Logical Design of Legal Education. Towards the Anniversary of Kutafin Moscow State Law University." Kutafin Law Review 8, no. 4 (December 28, 2021): 647–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2313-5395.2021.4.18.647-667.
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The paper deals with the problem of interrelation between two research programs — logic and jurisprudence — from antiquity to the present. Traditional logic has created and developed the Great Triad “Concept — Judgment — Inference” that has become an educational and methodological canon of humanitarian knowledge and education in general and legal knowledge and legal education in particular. The doctrine of the concept, the doctrine of judgment, the doctrine of inference (more precisely, the doctrine of proof) are essentially used in legal proceedings, law-making, and law enforcement. The author resorts to modern achievements of the theory and technology of scientific knowledge as a research methodology. Logical knowledge itself appears in the form of methodology. Under this approach, any science, both natural and humanitarian, necessarily defines its conceptual corpus. Any science, creating its own description of the subject area, uses theoretical provisions in the form of a set of theses and arguments expressed by judgments. Any science substantiates its vision of the world using a system of evidence. All these properties are subject to and correspond to the subject of logics taught in every law school in the context of legal logics or logics for lawyers. The place of logic in the framework of legal education is considered as a hierarchy of problems of the relation between the phenomena of “the logical” and “the legal” within the framework of the world-historical process, the relation between the phenomena of “the logical” and “the legal” within the framework of domestic history and domestic education system before 1917, i.e., before the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of the Soviet power, the relation between the phenomena of “the legal” and “the logical” in Soviet and post-Soviet history, creation of an education system, including legal education, in our country and the development of the logical science and logical education at Kutafin Moscow State Law University. The uniqueness of the study is associated with the use of the Transcript of the All-Soviet Meeting of Logic Teachers of Higher Educational Institutions held on June 21–26, 1948 in Moscow discovered and introduced into scientific circulation by the author of the paper. The result of the study proves the special importance of logic for lawyers as a reliable tool in situations of lawmaking, law enforcement and interpretation of legal norms.
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Aksom, Herman. "Academics’ experience of contradicting institutional logics of publishing." International Journal of Educational Management 32, no. 7 (September 10, 2018): 1184–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-02-2017-0035.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore whether and how Ukrainian scholars recognize and react to a situation of an absence of two major institutional logics of academic writing and publishing, namely the logics of science advancement and personal career promotion and the dominance of the logic of coercive pressures to publish regardless of quality and resonance and with no material and reputational rewards. Two fundamental and essential logics that drive research activity at any university in western societies seem to be almost absent in Ukrainian context, where symbolic publishing for accountability only is taken-for-granted. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts qualitative interpretative research methodology. The scholars from seven universities were interviewed, including 16 senior scholars and 15 PhD students. Findings The study shows the dominance of a single logic of accountability which is persisted due to coercive pressures exerted on scholars. Despite the absence of instrumental value behind publishing requirements in Ukrainian higher education system, most academics do not question this policy and largely take it for granted as the only possible system. Originality/value Research conducted in this study contributes to institutional logics and institutional complexity literature by highlighting a unique situation of institutional complexity when logic that offers neither economic nor social benefits dominates the field. It is shown how actors recognize, interpret and respond to this situation, identifying three types of responses that range from blind adherence to taken-for-granted institutional definitions to strategic balance between coercive pressures and desired logics.
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Ahrens, Thomas, and Rihab Khalifa. "The impact of regulation on management control." Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management 12, no. 2 (June 15, 2015): 106–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qram-04-2015-0041.
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Purpose – This paper aims to contribute to our understanding of the impact of regulation on management control practices. It explores the processes by which the institutionalised properties of certain management controls are adapted to organisational contexts and underpin organisational routines. The authors are interested in the voluntary adoption of management controls with highly developed institutional logics, how organisations respond initially to the institutional logics of new management controls and by what means those logics become a workable basis for institutionalising controls in the organisation. Design/methodology/approach – The paper explores some of the ways in which the institutional logics of management control come to have organisational effects, studying a seemingly simple organisational response to institutional processes: compliance. The argument is illustrated with examples from university accreditation as a management control institution that combines cultural and administrative controls. The paper is based on participant observation in three universities. Findings – The authors find that compliance requires considerable organisational meaning-making and that organisational work of compliance separates into adaptation and execution. Moreover, the process of compliance produces distinctions between experts of the accreditation logic, users of the accreditation logic, agnostics and sceptics. Rather than passive acquiescence, compliance with regulated management control is a creative process of arranging and translating general prescriptions for use in a specific context. Originality/value – This is the first study of university accreditation as a management control institution. It adds to a still emerging literature on the effects of institutional logics, and in particular regulatory logics, on organisational management control.
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Busco, Cristiano, Elena Giovannoni, and Angelo Riccaboni. "Sustaining multiple logics within hybrid organisations." Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 30, no. 1 (January 16, 2017): 191–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-11-2013-1520.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how accounting and control practices contribute to the persistence of the multiple logics that characterise hybrid organizations, i.e. organizations that constantly incorporate elements from different institutional logics at the very core of their identity. Design/methodology/approach The authors draw on the literature regarding institutional logics and on studies exploring the enabling power of accounting to interpret the findings derived from a longitudinal case study of a hybrid organization operating in the field of brain-computer interface technology. Findings The study shows that the persistence of conflicting logics and innovation within hybrid organizations can be sustained through the mediating role of accounting and control practices. By engaging different interested parties within processes of innovation, these practices can establish complex interconnections between conflicting perspectives and their objects of concern. Consequently, accounting and control do not address a specific logic but instead contribute to lock different parties to their own logic, allowing them to engage and generate innovation while maintaining their diversity. Originality/value Whereas previous studies have explored mechanisms for keeping the multiple logics of hybrids separate or for reconciling them, the paper shows that conflicts between these logics do not need to be reduced but can be mediated to generate innovation. Additionally, the authors contribute to the literature on accounting “in action”, by illustrating the role of accounting and control practices as boundary objects that act within a broader “ecology of objects” through which innovation materializes in a context of enduring institutional pluralism.
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Ngoye, Benard, Vicenta Sierra, and Tamyko Ysa. "Assessing performance-use preferences through an institutional logics lens." International Journal of Public Sector Management 32, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 2–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-12-2017-0344.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of shared cognitive frames, in particular, that of institutional logics, on the deployment and use of performance measurement systems (PMSs) in the public sector.Design/methodology/approachUsing novel priming techniques derived from behavioral and social psychology, three institutional logics – the public, market-managerial and professional logics – are differentially surfaced in three independent experimental groups. The influence of these primed institutional logics on performance measurement use preferences are then empirically assessed using appropriate analysis of variance techniques.FindingsContrary to theoretical predictions, the paper reveals logic congruence regarding some uses of PMSs in the public sector, and divergence regarding others. Individuals applying a public logic were more likely to propose performance measurement use for strategic planning or strategic alignment; while those applying a professional logic were more likely to propose performance measurement use for learning, compared to otherwise primed individuals.Research limitations/implicationsConsidering the sample size and the novelty of the priming tools, it is feasible that other potentially significant effects may have been missed.Originality/valueThe paper addresses a gap in literature regarding the influence of shared cognitive frames on performance measurement use in public sector organizations. The paper further presents priming techniques embedded within an experimental design as an appropriate method for the micro-level study of attitudes, preferences and judgments in the public sector.
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Iwashita, Hitoshi. "Transferring family logic within a multinational corporation." Cross Cultural & Strategic Management 26, no. 4 (December 5, 2019): 639–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccsm-12-2018-0212.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to extend the understandingof how family logic is transferred through mundane practices across the subsidiaries of a Japanese multinational corporation (MNC) in different national contexts. Design/methodology/approach In order to fulfil this purpose, a comparative qualitative case study was adopted with emphasis on actors’ interpretations. Findings Through qualitative data analysis, three findings and their theoretical significances can be summarised. First, it was found that the constellations of family, market and religion logics were transferred differently. This is significant for Japanese management scholars since it illuminates the importance of actors who perceive the (non-) necessity of logics in a Japanese MNC facing institutional dualities. Second, it was found that the family logic is enacted at different levels and with different boundaries. This is significant for both institutionalists and international business scholars since it highlights the strong influence of language and religion in the transfer of logics from one country to another. Third, it was found that the enactment of the family logic greatly affects the acceptability of Japanese management practices. This is significant for business managers since it further proposes an intimate relationship between Japanese management practices and the meanings attached to the family logic. Originality/value The originality of this work stems from an updated comparative qualitative study of the management of a Japanese MNCs’ subsidiaries across different countries, providing in-depth insights for international business, Japanese subsidiary management and institutional logics perspectives.
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LUQI and DANIEL E. COOKE. "HOW TO COMBINE NONMONOTONIC LOGIC AND RAPID PROTOTYPING TO HELP MAINTAIN SOFTWARE." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 05, no. 01 (March 1995): 89–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021819409500006x.
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This paper explores the possibility of automated support for detecting inconsistencies in software systems and requirements. The inconsistencies are introduced when the environment of the software system changes. We refer to the software environment as its context. We review the recent research progress on nonmonotonic logics, pointing out the significance of these results to software maintenance. We explain how a practical implementation of such logics can be obtained via a simple extension to logic programming in the form of an answer procedure that realizes the Extended Logic Semantics [7] for nonmonotonic logic programs that have a unique answer set (which is a large and useful class of logic programs). We augment the existing automated capabilities of the Computer-Aided Prototyping System (CAPS) for rapid prototyping via the extension to logic programming to provide an improved automated capability for detecting certain kinds of inconsistencies created by implicit requirements changes. We illustrate the significance of this capability via an example prototype for a problem originally suggested by Lehman.
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Streich, W. J., S. Hübel, and R. Franke. "The use of mathematical logics in drug design." Mathematical and Computer Modelling 11 (1988): 647–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0895-7177(88)90572-9.
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Qin, Yu, Huimin Gu, Bin Li, and Daisy Fan. "The Chinese hospitality industry: a perspective article." Tourism Review 75, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tr-05-2019-0196.
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Purpose This paper aims to illustrate the logics that have shifted in the Chinese hotel industry since 1949 and discuss its implications for advance a better understanding of how and why the Chinese hotel industry has evolved into its present situation. The logic evolution and future trends in this market were also discussed. Design/methodology/approach As this research is aimed at answering the “how” and “why” aspects in the evolution of Chinese hotel industry, qualitative approach is applied to answer the questions. Findings This paper divided the history of contemporary Chinese hotel industry into three stages: 1949-1977, 1978-2001 and 2002 to the present. Hotel business in each period was dominated by state logic, profession logic and market/corporation logic, respectively. Originality/value The authors applied institutional logics perspective to explore how and why China hotel industry evolved in the past 70 years.
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Olawale, SOA, and OP Akintunde. "Fuzzy Logic Design Approach for A Singly Reinforced Concrete Beam." Journal of Civil Engineering Research & Technology 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.47363/jcert/2021(3)111.
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This paper presents the Fuzzy logics approach for a singly reinforced concrete beam. The rules are generated for the FIS for the variables. The width, and the moment constitutes the crisp data for the inputs and the steel ratio represents the crisp output. The MATLAB fuzzy tool kit is used to execute the simulation. The code prescription of the design of a singly reinforced concrete beam is a straight forward calculation. However, the overestimation of reinforcement can be enormous. This can be very impacting on the cost of the project. This work attempts to use fuzzy logic predictive power to design a singly reinforced concrete beam. The result reasonable agreement between the code provisions and the fuzzy logic predictions. It was established that fuzzy logic can be adopted as a significant technique for the optimization of the design of a singly reinforced concrete beam.
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HUET, GÉRARD. "Special issue on ‘Logical frameworks and metalanguages’." Journal of Functional Programming 13, no. 2 (March 2003): 257–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956796802004549.
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There is both a great unity and a great diversity in presentations of logic. The diversity is staggering indeed – propositional logic, first-order logic, higher-order logic belong to one classification; linear logic, intuitionistic logic, classical logic, modal and temporal logics belong to another one. Logical deduction may be presented as a Hilbert style of combinators, as a natural deduction system, as sequent calculus, as proof nets of one variety or other, etc. Logic, originally a field of philosophy, turned into algebra with Boole, and more generally into meta-mathematics with Frege and Heyting. Professional logicians such as Gödel and later Tarski studied mathematical models, consistency and completeness, computability and complexity issues, set theory and foundations, etc. Logic became a very technical area of mathematical research in the last half century, with fine-grained analysis of expressiveness of subtheories of arithmetic or set theory, detailed analysis of well-foundedness through ordinal notations, logical complexity, etc. Meanwhile, computer modelling developed a need for concrete uses of logic, first for the design of computer circuits, then more widely for increasing the reliability of sofware through the use of formal specifications and proofs of correctness of computer programs. This gave rise to more exotic logics, such as dynamic logic, Hoare-style logic of axiomatic semantics, logics of partial values (such as Scott's denotational semantics and Plotkin's domain theory) or of partial terms (such as Feferman's free logic), etc. The first actual attempts at mechanisation of logical reasoning through the resolution principle (automated theorem proving) had been disappointing, but their shortcomings gave rise to a considerable body of research, developing detailed knowledge about equational reasoning through canonical simplification (rewriting theory) and proofs by induction (following Boyer and Moore successful integration of primitive recursive arithmetic within the LISP programming language). The special case of Horn clauses gave rise to a new paradigm of non-deterministic programming, called Logic Programming, developing later into Constraint Programming, blurring further the scope of logic. In order to study knowledge acquisition, researchers in artificial intelligence and computational linguistics studied exotic versions of modal logics such as Montague intentional logic, epistemic logic, dynamic logic or hybrid logic. Some others tried to capture common sense, and modeled the revision of beliefs with so-called non-monotonic logics. For the careful crafstmen of mathematical logic, this was the final outrage, and Girard gave his anathema to such “montres à moutardes”.
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Ryngelblum, Arnaldo L., Ernesto M. Giglio, and Victor Silva Corrêa. "Disguise mechanisms in regulation definitions: the private health system." International Journal of Organizational Analysis 27, no. 3 (July 8, 2019): 613–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoa-07-2018-1495.
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Purpose Studies of institutional logics have emphasized two fundamental conceptions: first, that there is continuous competition between the various logics embedded in any context and, second, that certain mechanisms influence the promotion or modification of existing logics. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to these studies by broadening the propositions on the mechanisms used by the actors to disguise the fact that they are not prioritizing non-prevailing logics. Design/methodology/approach The paper examines the disguise mechanisms used in the regulation of the private health field in Brazil, which has still been rarely explored in the literature on the theme. The research strategy was qualitative, involving documentary research that provided information to create a script for interviewing different actors in this field, such as health plan companies, service providers, medical associations, trade unions, regulatory agency, consumer defense organizations and the judiciary, lending credibility to the study. Findings The field data suggest important findings. Field actors pursue exerting influence in defining the outcomes of the institutional logics prevailing at each event. In this pursuit, they work to keep representative parts of prescribed practices non-transparent to allow them a margin in which to maneuver when confronted with a non-prevailing logic. Originality/value This paper emphasizes that, in any context, actors, while following the prescriptions of a prevailing logic, might have to disguise not following the prescriptions of other logics; thus, they will have to seek for mechanisms to do so. This paper, by identifying disguise mechanisms that operate in the specific field of private health in Brazil, finally sheds light on disguise mechanisms, contributing to the general literature on institutionalism.
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Yang, Yi, Wenwen Fu, Jinli Yan, Lu Tang, and Zhigang Sun. "DoubleDeck: Decoupling Complex Control Logic of Network Protocols to Facilitate Efficient Hardware Implementation." Electronics 9, no. 10 (October 10, 2020): 1647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9101647.
Full textAbstract:
A hierarchical method is often used to simplify the design of complex logic. However, when the hierarchical method is used to implement protocol control, there is no suitable decoupling method to divide the sophisticated protocol control into a series of small control logics. For this reason, this paper designs and implements the DoubleDeck model composed of a top state machine and a set of bottom state machines. The model divides the protocol control logic into protocol state conversion logic and processing logic based on hierarchical idea. Simultaneously, DoubleDeck also provides a bottom deck mapping mechanism (BDM) for all protocol control processing logic. Based on the BDM mechanism, developers can quickly implement the bottom state machine array. Next, we present the hardware design of DoubleDeck and prototype the time synchronization protocol on an FPGA array. The results show that DoubleDeck can be used as a design model to guide the implementation of complex protocol control logic. Compared with the finite state machine (FSM), DoubleDeck uses the BDM mechanism to implement three protocols can reduce the amount of code for developers by 30%.