Academic literature on the topic 'Logical-linguistic model'
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Journal articles on the topic "Logical-linguistic model"
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Phong, Pham Đinh. "A TIME SERIES FORECASTING MODEL BASED ON LINGUISTIC FORECASTING RULES." Journal of Computer Science and Cybernetics 37, no. 1 (2021): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1813-9663/37/1/15852.
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The fuzzy time series (FTS) forecasting models have been being studied intensively over the past few years. Most of the researches focus on improving the effectiveness of the FTS forecasting models using time-invariant fuzzy logical relationship groups proposed by Chen et al. In contrast to Chen’s model, a fuzzy set can be repeated in the right-hand side of the fuzzy logical relationship groups of Yu’s model. N. C. Dieu enhanced Yu’s forecasting model by using the time-variant fuzzy logical relationship groups instead of the time-invariant ones. The forecasting models mentioned above partition the historical data into subintervals and assign the fuzzy sets to them by the human expert’s experience. N. D. Hieu et al. proposed a linguistic time series by utilizing the hedge algebras quantification to converse the numerical time series data to the linguistic time series. Similar to the FTS forecasting model, the obtained linguistic time series can define the linguistic, logical relationships which are used to establish the linguistic, logical relationship groups and form a linguistic forecasting model. In this paper, we propose a linguistic time series forecasting model based on the linguistic forecasting rules induced from the linguistic, logical relationships instead of the linguistic, logical relationship groups proposed by N. D. Hieu. The experimental studies using the historical data of the enrollments of University of Alabama observed from 1971 to 1992 and the daily average temperature data observed from June 1996 to September 1996 in Taipei show the outperformance of the proposed forecasting models over the counterpart ones.
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Khairova, Nina, Orken Mamyrbayev, Kuralay Mukhsina, Anastasiia Kolesnyk, and Saurabh Pratap. "Logical-linguistic model for multilingual Open Information Extraction." Cogent Engineering 7, no. 1 (2020): 1714829. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2020.1714829.
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Zhao, Aiwu, Junhong Gao, and Hongjun Guan. "Forecasting Model for Stock Market Based on Probabilistic Linguistic Logical Relationship and Distance Measurement." Symmetry 12, no. 6 (2020): 954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12060954.
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The fluctuation of the stock market has a symmetrical characteristic. To improve the performance of self-forecasting, it is crucial to summarize and accurately express internal fluctuation rules from the historical time series dataset. However, due to the influence of external interference factors, these internal rules are difficult to express by traditional mathematical models. In this paper, a novel forecasting model is proposed based on probabilistic linguistic logical relationships generated from historical time series dataset. The proposed model introduces linguistic variables with positive and negative symmetrical judgements to represent the direction of stock market fluctuation. Meanwhile, daily fluctuation trends of a stock market are represented by a probabilistic linguistic term set, which consist of daily status and its recent historical statuses. First, historical time series of a stock market is transformed into a fluctuation time series (FTS) by the first-order difference transformation. Then, a fuzzy linguistic variable is employed to represent each value in the fluctuation time series, according to predefined intervals. Next, left hand sides of fuzzy logical relationships between currents and their corresponding histories can be expressed by probabilistic linguistic term sets and similar ones can be grouped to generate probabilistic linguistic logical relationships. Lastly, based on the probabilistic linguistic term set expression of the current status and the corresponding historical statuses, distance measurement is employed to find the most proper probabilistic linguistic logical relationship for future forecasting. For the convenience of comparing the prediction performance of the model from the perspective of accuracy, this paper takes the closing price dataset of Taiwan Stock Exchange Capitalization Weighted Stock Index (TAIEX) as an example. Compared with the prediction results of previous studies, the proposed model has the advantages of stable prediction performance, simple model design, and an easy to understand platform. In order to test the performance of the model for other datasets, we use the prediction of the Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite Index (SHSECI) to prove its universality.
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Yerizon, Yerizon, and Atus Amadi Putra. "The Effect of Various Learning Approaches on Mathematical Learning Outcomes based on the Multiple Intelligences of Students." ATHENS JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 8, no. 3 (2021): 213–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajs.8-3-4.
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The aim of this paper is to describe the research results on multiple intelligences in mathematics learning, using a descriptive approach. It also ascertains the influence of various learning models on mathematics learning outcomes based on students’ multiple intelligences. Student Teams-Achievement Divisions (STAD) and Team Games Tournament (TGT) learning models improved learning outcomes for students possessing logical-mathematical, kinesthetic, and interpersonal intelligences. Furthermore, Group Investigation (GI) and Numbered Head Together (NHT) learning models improved student learning outcomes with logical-mathematical intelligence. Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) learning model with peer tutors improved student learning outcomes with linguistic, logical-mathematical, and interpersonal intelligences. Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) and Jigsaw learning improved student learning outcomes with linguistic intelligence. Also, TSTS and NHT learning models improved student learning outcomes with logical-mathematical, and interpersonal intelligences. Keywords: compound intelligence, learning model, mathematics
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Polyakov, O. M. "Linguistic Data Model for Natural Languages and Artificial Intelligence. Part 7. Internal Logic 1." Discourse 8, no. 1 (2022): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2022-8-1-133-141.
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Introduction. The article continues a series of publications on the linguistics of relations (hereinafter referred to as R-linguistics) and is devoted to the study of the functioning of logical connectives with verbs. The article is the first part of the discussion of internal logic, which examines the use of logical connectives within sentences. This research involves the formation of semantic logic, that is, logic that takes into account the semantics of sentences.Methodology and sources. The results obtained in the previous parts of the series are used as research tools. To develop the necessary mathematical representations in the field of internal logic, the previously formulated semantic concepts and operations are used.Results and discussion. The use of logical connectives with verbs is analyzed. It is shown that these connectives actually refer to external logic, although in some cases it is necessary to adjust part of sentence, taking into account the semantics of the linguistic model. The concept of semantic substitution is defined and the first rule of substitution for verbs is formulated and justified.Conclusion. Abandoning the traditional view of natural language logic means abandoning logical operations and logical inference. This forces us to consider logical operations that now take into account semantics, since they are related to the structure of the linguistic model. Analysis of the functioning of logical connectives with verbs shows that they are related to the linguistic model, which leads to the need for various semantic transformations of the text when such connectives are used. In particular, the use of logical connectives can lead to the loss of the meaning of the text. The rejection of logical inference is compensated by the appearance of semantic substitution rules, one of which is considered in this paper.
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Nikitin, Yury, Pavol Božek, and Jozef Peterka. "Logical–Linguistic Model of Diagnostics of Electric Drives with Sensors Support." Sensors 20, no. 16 (2020): 4429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20164429.
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The presented paper scientifically discusses the progressive diagnostics of electrical drives in robots with sensor support. The AI (artificial intelligence) model proposed by the authors contains the technical conditions of fuzzy inference rule descriptions for the identification of a robot drive’s technical condition and a source for the description of linguistic variables. The parameter of drive diagnostics for a robotized workplace that is proposed here is original and composed of the sum of vibration acceleration amplitudes ranging from a frequency of 6.3 Hz to 1250 Hz of a one-third-octave filter. Models of systems for the diagnostics of mechatronic objects in the robotized workplace are developed based on examples of CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machine diagnostics and mechatronic modules based on the fuzzy inference system, concluding with a solved example of the multi-criteria optimization of diagnostic systems. Algorithms for CNC machine diagnostics are implemented and intended only for research into precisely determined procedures for monitoring the lifetime of the mentioned mechatronic systems. Sensors for measuring the diagnostic parameters of CNC machines according to precisely determined measuring chains, together with schemes of hardware diagnostics for mechatronic systems are proposed.
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Vavilenkova, Anastasiia. "Features of the Knowledge Base of the System of Automated Construction of Logic and Linguistic Models of Text Documents." Vìsnik Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Lʹvìvsʹka polìtehnìka". Serìâ Ìnformacìjnì sistemi ta merežì 9 (June 10, 2021): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sisn2021.09.075.
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The article outlines the problem of finding meaningful units in electronic text documents and analyzes the main shortcomings of existing approaches of extracting knowledge from textual information. The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the process of construction of logic and linguistic models of electronic text documents, in particular the description and research of the peculiarities of knowledge bases of the system of automated construction of logic and linguistic models of Ukrainian- language text documents. The author proposes a scheme of formalization of textual information based on the construction of a logic and linguistic model of an electronic text document. The first stage of construction is the formation of logical and linguistic models of natural language sentences, which uses a specially developed method of automated formation of logical and linguistic models. This method is based on parsing sentences of natural language, using words of natural language as a thesaurus database and using a database of rules to identify logical connections. This in turn is made possible by the author’s developed knowledge base 1, which is used to determine the role of each word in an electronic text document and serves as a production model with formalized rules of the Ukrainian language for forming phrases that can form members of sentence of natural language. The knowledge base 2 was created by the author to find connections between sentences that are part of an electronic text document and is a set of productions that reflect the principles of synthesis of logic and linguistic models of sentences of natural language, ie the rules of combining and replacing structural components of logic and linguistic models of sentences of natural language. The knowledge base 3, used to build the linguistic component of the logic and linguistic model of a text document, is a set of productions that contains the rules of forming of transition networks to interpret the thematic progression of the text. The application of the developed formalized rules was demonstrated on specific text fragments. Applying the developed knowledge bases allows to trace the process of formation of logic and linguistic models of electronic text documents.
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Popov, A., and D. Polyakov. "Fuzzy logical-linguistic model for assessing the qualitative composition of carbon nanomaterials." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 693 (November 28, 2019): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/693/1/012010.
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Polyakov, O. M. "Linguistic Data Model for Natural Languages and Artificial Intelligence. Part 7. Internal logic 2 Oleg M. Polyakov." Discourse 8, no. 2 (2022): 98–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2022-8-2-98-112.
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Introduction. The article continues a series of publications on the linguistics of relations (hereinafter referred to as R-linguistics) and is devoted to the study of the functioning of logical connectives with nouns and adjectives. The article is the second part of the discussion of internal logic, which examines the use of logical connectives within sentences. This research involves the formation of semantic logic, that is, logic that takes into account the semantics of sentences.Methodology and sources. The results obtained in the previous parts of the series are used as research tools. To develop the necessary mathematical representations in the field of internal logic, the previously formulated semantic concepts and operations are used.Results and discussion. Two types of negation are introduced and their properties are defined. The properties of the linguistic model are formulated. The use of logical connectives with nouns and adjectives is analyzed. It is shown that the connective NOT can be attributed to both external and internal logic. The connectives AND and OR do not have a logical content, but serve to identify the state of a particular concept. Three semantic substitutions are defined. The reasons for the stability of semantic interpretation when changing the state of relations are substantiated.Conclusion. Abandoning the traditional view of natural language logic means abandoning logical operations and inference. This forces us to consider logical operations that now take into account semantics, since they are related to the structure of the linguistic model. Analysis of the functioning of logical connectives with nouns and adjectives shows that they either provide identification of the state of concepts, or can be transferred to external logic, or can operate within the framework of a linguistic model. The formulated substitution rules provide semantically correct substitutions and justify the stability of semantic interpretation in the conditions of changing states of concepts.
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WANG, PAUL P., and CHIH HSUN HSIEH. "MODELING THE DEGREE OF TRUTHFULNESS." New Mathematics and Natural Computation 06, no. 02 (2010): 141–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793005710001712.
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This paper reports some novel approach on linguistic logic with our intention to realize CWW, Computing With Words, via a simple example which consists of only five words. As a by product, this simple example of the linguistic logical system may serve as a mathematical model, modeling the degree of truthfulness in daily usage. The five words set of a linguistic variable modeling the degree of truthfulness are; true, nearly true, undecided, nearly false and false. We subjectively choose trapezoidal fuzzy numbers as our linguistic truth values in order to model our linguistic logic system. Firstly, some natural operations and linguistic logic operators are defined to suit our objective of developing a closed linguistic variable set. Then the computation of linguistic truth values for this linguistic logical system is developed in order to facilitate us to perform the linguistic inferences. Properties of these natural operations can be derived accordingly. It is perhaps quite rewarding to see numerous linguistic truth relations defined on a single linguistic truth set and linguistic implications ended up with numerous linguistic truth tables. In addition, the linguistic inferences of generalized modus ponens and generalized tollens determined by linguistic compositional rules based on the linguistic truth relation and some natural operations are introduced. The simple examples of the linguistic inferences of the various generalized tautologies are illustrated. Finally, we have proved via a simple dictionary that a closed and self consistent linguistic logical system indeed can be constructed and it is possible to move a chunk of information as modeled by a fuzzy set to a higher level according to the theory of semiotics. These results have shown some promise in realizing the appealing theory of CWW.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Logical-linguistic model"
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Петрасова, Світлана Валентинівна. "Інформаційна технологія ідентифікації знань у наукометричних системах на основі інтелектуального аналізу слабоформалізованих даних". Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2016. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/28125.
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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.13.06 – інформаційні технології. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2017.
Мета дисертаційного дослідження – підвищення ефективності процесу ідентифікації знань у наукометричних системах за рахунок побудови моделей і методів інтелектуального аналізу слабоформалізованих даних. Основні результати: уперше розроблено логіко-лінгвістичну модель визначення семантично зв'язних фрагментів слабоформалізованої реферативної інформації, яка заснована на використанні алгебро-предикатних операцій, що дозволяє ефективно ідентифікувати знання у реферативній інформації. Удосконалено метод формалізації смислових відношень сутностей, який базується на використанні міри смислової близькості та відрізняється застосуванням інтелектуального аналізу при виявленні класів еквівалентності та толерантності, що дозволяє визначити неявно виражені відношення близькості й відношення таксономії. Отримав по-дальший розвиток метод компараторної ідентифікації, який використано для класифікації смислових фрагментів рефератів у наукометричних системах що дозволяє виділити єдині інформаційні простори наукової взаємодії авторів за рахунок моделювання функцій інтелекту з розуміння та класифікації смислу. Удосконалено інформаційну технологію ідентифікації знань у наукометричних системах, яка дозволяє за рахунок визначення імпліцитних зв'язків між рефератами наукометричних систем динамічно виявляти спільні фронти наукових досліджень. Результати дослідження знайшли практичне застосування у системах обробки анотацій та рефератів. Використання розроблених у роботі моделей і методів дозволило підвищити ефективність процесу ідентифікації знань у слабоформалізованій реферативній інформації за рахунок підвищення значень коефіцієнтів повноти й точності видачі близької за смислом інформації.<br>Thesis for a candidate degree in technical sciences, speciality 05.13.06 – Information Technologies. – National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute". – Kharkiv, 2017.
The objective of the thesis is to increase the effectiveness of knowledge identi-fication in scientometric systems by designing the models and methods of intelligent analysis of weakly formalized data. The main results are as follows. The current state of the knowledge identification problem in scientometric systems has been analysed. Existing methods for the intelligent analysis of weakly formalized data have been systematized. Thus the basic requirements for designing the information technology of knowledge identification have been formulated. Using the finite predicate algebra in the information and logical models of knowledge identification in Ukrainian and English abstract data of scientometric systems has been proved. The logical-linguistic model of semantically connected fragments identification in weakly formalized abstract information has been developed. The model is based on the use of algebraic-predicate operations that allows effectively extracting knowledge from abstract information. The method for the formalization of semantic relations between entities has been improved. The method is based on the use of the semantic similarity measure and intelligent analysis for the identification of equivalence and tolerance classes that allows defining implicit relations of similarity and relations of taxonomy. The method for comparator identification has got the further development. This method is used to classify abstract fragments in scientometric systems that allows determining common information spaces of scientific interaction by modelling intel-ligence functions of understanding and classification of sense. The information technology of knowledge identification in scientometric systems has been improved. The technology allows identifying common research fronts by defining dynamically implicit connections between abstracts of scientometric systems. The research results have been implemented in the systems of summaries and abstracts processing. Using the developed information technology improves the effectiveness of knowledge identification in weakly formalized data by increasing the average values of the precision and recall measures of semantic similarity of text information. The practical results can be used in information retrieval, expert, and information-analytical general-purpose systems for the formation of electronic catalogues of semantically connected texts in scientometric, library, and abstract systems.
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Петрасова, Світлана Валентинівна. "Інформаційна технологія ідентифікації знань у наукометричних системах на основі інтелектуального аналізу слабоформалізованих даних". Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2017. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/28123.
Full textAbstract:
Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук за спеціальністю 05.13.06 – інформаційні технології. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2017.
Мета дисертаційного дослідження – підвищення ефективності процесу ідентифікації знань у наукометричних системах за рахунок побудови моделей і методів інтелектуального аналізу слабоформалізованих даних. Основні результати: уперше розроблено логіко-лінгвістичну модель визначення семантично зв'язних фрагментів слабоформалізованої реферативної інформації, яка заснована на використанні алгебро-предикатних операцій, що дозволяє ефективно ідентифікувати знання у реферативній інформації. Удосконалено метод формалізації смислових відношень сутностей, який базується на використанні міри смислової близькості та відрізняється застосуванням інтелектуального аналізу при виявленні класів еквівалентності та толерантності, що дозволяє визначити неявно виражені відношення близькості й відношення таксономії. Отримав по-дальший розвиток метод компараторної ідентифікації, який використано для класифікації смислових фрагментів рефератів у наукометричних системах що дозволяє виділити єдині інформаційні простори наукової взаємодії авторів за рахунок моделювання функцій інтелекту з розуміння та класифікації смислу. Удосконалено інформаційну технологію ідентифікації знань у наукометричних системах, яка дозволяє за рахунок визначення імпліцитних зв'язків між рефератами наукометричних систем динамічно виявляти спільні фронти наукових досліджень. Результати дослідження знайшли практичне застосування у системах обробки анотацій та рефератів. Використання розроблених у роботі моделей і методів дозволило підвищити ефективність процесу ідентифікації знань у слабоформалізованій реферативній інформації за рахунок підвищення значень коефіцієнтів повноти й точності видачі близької за смислом інформації.<br>Thesis for a candidate degree in technical sciences, speciality 05.13.06 – Information Technologies. – National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute". – Kharkiv, 2017.
The objective of the thesis is to increase the effectiveness of knowledge identi-fication in scientometric systems by designing the models and methods of intelligent analysis of weakly formalized data. The main results are as follows. The current state of the knowledge identification problem in scientometric systems has been analysed. Existing methods for the intelligent analysis of weakly formalized data have been systematized. Thus the basic requirements for designing the information technology of knowledge identification have been formulated. Using the finite predicate algebra in the information and logical models of knowledge identification in Ukrainian and English abstract data of scientometric systems has been proved. The logical-linguistic model of semantically connected fragments identification in weakly formalized abstract information has been developed. The model is based on the use of algebraic-predicate operations that allows effectively extracting knowledge from abstract information. The method for the formalization of semantic relations between entities has been improved. The method is based on the use of the semantic similarity measure and intelligent analysis for the identification of equivalence and tolerance classes that allows defining implicit relations of similarity and relations of taxonomy. The method for comparator identification has got the further development. This method is used to classify abstract fragments in scientometric systems that allows determining common information spaces of scientific interaction by modelling intel-ligence functions of understanding and classification of sense. The information technology of knowledge identification in scientometric systems has been improved. The technology allows identifying common research fronts by defining dynamically implicit connections between abstracts of scientometric systems. The research results have been implemented in the systems of summaries and abstracts processing. Using the developed information technology improves the effectiveness of knowledge identification in weakly formalized data by increasing the average values of the precision and recall measures of semantic similarity of text information. The practical results can be used in information retrieval, expert, and information-analytical general-purpose systems for the formation of electronic catalogues of semantically connected texts in scientometric, library, and abstract systems.
Books on the topic "Logical-linguistic model"
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Moortgat, Michael. Categorial investigations: Logical and linguistic aspects of the Lambek calculus. Foris Publications, 1988.
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Huang, Yan. Neo-Gricean Pragmatics. Edited by Yan Huang. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199697960.013.12.
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The aim of this chapter is to provide a state-of-the-art survey of classical and especially neo-Gricean pragmatics, focusing on the bipartite model put forward by Horn and the trinitarian model advanced by Levinson. It assesses the role neo-Gricean pragmatics plays in effecting a radical simplification of the lexicon, semantics, and formal syntax in linguistic theory respectively, covering lexical narrowing, lexical cloning, lexical blocking, and lexicalization asymmetry in logical operators, and concentrating on pragmatic intrusion into what is said, Grice’s circle, and the pragmatics–semantics interface, and anaphora and binding.
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Holliday, Wesley H., and Thomas F. III Icard. Axiomatization in the Meaning Sciences. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198739548.003.0002.
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While much of semantic theorizing is based on intuitions about logical phenomena associated with linguistic constructions—phenomena such as consistency and entailment—it is rare to see axiomatic treatments of linguistic fragments. Given a fragment interpreted in some class of formally specified models, it is often possible to ask for a characterization of the reasoning patterns validated by the class of models. Axiomatizations provide such a characterization, often in a perspicuous and efficient manner. This chapter highlights some of the benefits of providing axiomatizations for the purpose of semantic theorizing. Three examples from the study of modality provide an illustration of these benefits.
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Baldwin, Thomas. Russell on Modality. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786436.003.0007.
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This essay presents a synoptic account of Russell’s changing views concerning possibility and necessity. The essay shows how an intuitionist view of logical necessity, according to which it is a fundamental, indefinable property that is ‘purely and simple perceived’, swiftly gives way in Russell’s work to scepticism concerning whether necessity exists at all, since he holds that it cannot be explained by analyticity. The essay then shows how Russell returns, in effect, to both Aristotle and Hume with the thought that necessity is grounded on the universal truth of the relevant propositional function, and an attendant feeling of necessity. The essay also addresses Russell’s later suggestion that the domain of quantification of propositional functions is possible worlds—the idiom was familiar to him from his early book on Leibniz—and argues that Russell’s commitments point towards what in contemporary modal theory would be called a quasi-linguistic modal ersatzism.
Book chapters on the topic "Logical-linguistic model"
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Igamberdiev, H. Z., A. N. Yusupbekov, D. A. Mirzaev, and N. A. Kabulov. "Logical-Linguistic Model of Functioning of Computer Systems’ Software." In 13th International Conference on Theory and Application of Fuzzy Systems and Soft Computing — ICAFS-2018. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04164-9_116.
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Khairova, Nina Feliksivna, Svetlana Petrasova, and Ajit Pratap Singh Gautam. "The Logical-Linguistic Model of Fact Extraction from English Texts." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46254-7_51.
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Khairova, Nina, Włodzimierz Lewoniewski, and Krzysztof Węcel. "Estimating the Quality of Articles in Russian Wikipedia Using the Logical-Linguistic Model of Fact Extraction." In Business Information Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59336-4_3.
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Hammer, Eric, and Norman Danner. "Towards a Model Theory of Venn Diagrams." In Logical Reasoning with Diagrams. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195104271.003.0010.
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One of the goals of logical analysis is to construct mathematical models of various practices of deductive inference. Traditionally, this is done by means of giving semantics and rules of inference for carefully specified formal languages. While this has proved to be an extremely fruitful line of analysis, some facets of actual inference are not accurately modeled by these techniques. The example we have in mind concerns the diversity of types of external representations employed in actual deductive reasoning. Besides language, these include diagrams, charts, tables, graphs, and so on. When the semantic content of such non-linguistic representations is made clear, they can be used in perfectly rigorous proofs. A simple example of this is the use of Venn diagrams in deductive reasoning. If used correctly, valid inferences can be made with these diagrams, and if used incorrectly, they can be the source of invalid inferences; there are standards for their correct use. To analyze such standards, one might construct a formal system of Venn diagrams where the syntax, rules of inference, and notion of logical consequence have all been made precise and explicit, as is done in the case of first-order logic. In this chapter, we will study such a system of Venn diagrams, a variation of Shin’s system VENN formulated and studied in Shin [1991] and Shin [1991a] (see Chapter IV of this book). Shin proves a soundness theorem and a finite completeness theorem (if ∆ is a finite set of diagrams, D is a diagram, and D is a logical consequence of ∆ , then D is provable from ∆ ). We extend Shin’s completeness theorem to the general case: if ∆ is any set of diagrams, D is a, diagram, and D is a logical consequence of ∆. then D is provable from ∆. We hope that the fairly simple diagrammatic system discussed here will help motivate closer study of the use of more complicated diagrams in actual inference.
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Stojnić, Una. "An Alleged Ambiguity and the Dynamics of Context-Change." In Context and Coherence. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198865469.003.0003.
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The observation that demonstrative expressions allow for both bound and referential readings, and can be bound across sentence boundaries, provides independent motivation for a shifty account of context. Dynamic semantics offers an elegant model of shiftiness, in treating the context as a running record of potential interpretive dependencies, and utterances as instructions to update and possibly change extant dependencies. Such an account advances over the static Kaplanean model insofar as it allows for the interpretation to be dynamically affected by the linguistic elements in the preceding discourse. However, due to the way it represents linguistic dependencies, and due to its reliance on both linguistic and non-linguistic effects of context to determine interpretation, the account still makes demonstrative pronouns indefinitely ambiguous at the level of logical form, thus inheriting some of the theoretical problems of the static account.
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Stojnić, Una. "The Model of a True Demonstrative: Extra-linguistic Effects on Situated Meaning." In Context and Coherence. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198865469.003.0002.
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This chapter introduces the standard account of context-sensitivity, focusing on true demonstratives, the model for most context-sensitive expressions. The account involves an idealization that utterances are interpreted in a single, unchanging context. But this is problematic: it has a consequence that demonstratives are either indefinitely lexically ambiguous, or indefinitely ambiguous at the level of logical form. The chapter argues this is theoretically problematic. Relaxing this idealization, we could let the context change between occurrences of demonstratives. A demonstrative could then have an unambiguous meaning, selecting the prominent interpretation in the current context. However, if prominence is determined extra-linguistically, as the traditional model assumes, we would still lack a systematic account of context-change, facing much of the same problems. An alternative account is outlined, which the chapter argues avoids the problems: the context is shifty, but the mechanisms of context-change are linguistic, and so the content of demonstratives is fully linguistically determined.
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Soames, Scott. "Methodology in Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Analytic Philosophy." In Analytic Philosophy in America. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691160726.003.0002.
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This chapter discusses the methodology that guided logico-linguistic analysis from Gottlob Frege’s 1879 Begriffsschrift to Rudolf Carnap’s 1934 The Logical Syntax of Language. In the first four decades of this period, culminating with Bertrand Russell’s 1918–19 lectures on The Philosophy of Logical Atomism, analysis was viewed as an increasingly powerful tool employed in the service of solving traditional philosophical problems. The logicist reduction of arithmetic to what was taken to be logic was the driving force, providing the exemplar of philosophical analysis and the model for extending it beyond the philosophy of mathematics. The methodology is indicated by the role played by A2 in answering Frege’s guiding philosophical questions Q1 and Q2.
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Higginbotham, James. "Tense, Indexicality, and Consequence." In The Arguments of Time. British Academy, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197263464.003.0008.
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This chapter outlines the problem of framing a theory of the temporal indicators of natural language in all their complexity and, in particular, of understanding the interaction of linguistic and contextual elements. It describes how the phenomenon of sequence of tense shows that tense logic is too limited, since it excludes the cross-reference typical of bound variables; it suggests instead that the tenses express temporal relations between events conceived as in Davidson. The particular discussion leads to the general question of the form of truth conditions for sentences in an indexical language. The discussion advocates conditional truth conditions, in which an antecedent clause spells out the import of the indexical elements. It goes on to describe two notions of a model for a language with such truth conditions, the notions varying as to whether the satisfaction of such antecedents is incorporated, and thus diverging in their conceptions of logical consequence.
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Milnes, Tim. "The Conversable Intellect." In The Testimony of Sense. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812739.003.0003.
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Hume’s rhetorical concerns underscore the ways in which the pragmatic turn in British counter-Enlightenment thought is also, in a broad sense, a linguistic turn. His understanding of the necessity of trust in sustaining the fictions of belief necessary for communication undermines the conception of meaning as representation in ways that enable thinkers like Reid and Bentham to model human thought around the pragmatics of communication. Nonetheless, Hume’s linking of truth and the social conventions of language divides common-sense thinkers like Reid and Stewart (who interpret such indispensable conventions as first principles) from materialists such as Bentham and John Horne Tooke (who see Hume’s fictions of belief as, at best, pragmatically necessary). What unites Hume, Tooke, and Bentham is their vision of language as the source of what Bentham calls ‘logical fictions’, fictions that are at once philosophically unjustifiable and necessary for coherent thought.
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Heletka, Marharyta, Iryna Cherkashchenko, and Valentyna Kravchuk. "BUSINESS MODEL AS A SUBJECT FOR LINGUAL AND COGNITIVE ANALYSIS." In Integration of traditional and innovative scientific researches: global trends and regional as. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-001-8-1-10.
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Lingual analysis allows structuring and rationalizing human perception of the real world through the primacy of semantics, the encyclopedic nature of linguistic meaning, the perspectival nature of pure lexical meaning. Cognitive science focuses on human mind, assuming it has mental representations similar to computer data structures, and computational procedures identical to computational algorithms. Supposedly, human mind relies on such mental representations as declarative knowledge including logical propositions, rules, concepts, images, and analogies. Additionally, the mind uses procedural knowledge including operations such as search, matching, retrieval and deduction. The combination of lingual and cognitive analyses turns out to be an effective tool for providing a comprehensive approach to studying and deep understanding of language concepts that reflect the phenomena of the real world. The paper deals with BUSINESS MODEL as a complicated economic concept, whose profound analysis and understanding is of great practical value for business analysis segment. Proceeding from the above, lingual and cognitive analysis of the concept BUSINESS MODEL also requires an inter-disciplinary approach, related both to linguo-cognitive and economic studies. Thus, the paper represents an attempt to clarify the mental essence of BUSINESS MODEL, which is implied by diverse language units verbalizing this concept, and to give it a rational structured form that can be easily understood and used by skillful experts in the field of economics. The research also focuses on major stages of linguo-cognitive analysis, used for establishing the relationship between mental and language representation of BUSINESS MODEL as an extralinguistic essence. The analysis offered enables determining a generalized definition of the BUSINESS MODEL in terms of cognitive linguistics and business-modeling/reengineering. At the long last, the cognitive paradigm of modern linguistic studies gives linguists the possibility to discover extralinguistic reality, mechanisms of human thinking through the lenses of language data, and processes of coding and knowledge objectification on the world in language structures. The relevance of the paper resulted from a very important scientifically practical task, namely the necessity to generalize the definition of the concept of BUSINESS MODEL in order to provide business-modeling and reengineering services to corporations. The aim of the paper is to create the conceptual interframe net of BUSINESS MODEL; to determine semantic roles (actants) as part of propositions that form frames; to find out the structure of the universal BUSINESS MODEL. The research focuses on the concept BUSINESS MODEL and a set of semantic roles and connections between them that form the concept under examination. Moreover, it has been established that BUSINESS MODEL belongs to semiotic fractal systems. The lingual and cognitive analyses gave an opportunity to figure out the preconditions for specification of top-down levels of the business-model as a multi-level construction with iterative nature.
Conference papers on the topic "Logical-linguistic model"
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Khairova, Nina, Svitlana Petrasova, Orken Mamyrbayev, and Kuralay Mukhsina. "Detecting Collocations Similarity via Logical-Linguistic Model." In RELATIONS - Workshop on meaning relations between phrases and sentences. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w19-0802.
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Briukhanov, A. Yu, A. V. Trifanov, A. V. Spesivtsev, R. A. Uvarov, and V. A. Spesivtsev. "Logical-linguistic model of farm organic waste recycling." In 2017 XX IEEE International Conference on Soft Computing and Measurements (SCM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scm.2017.7970556.
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Gorbunov, Alexey, Sari Farah Abbas, and Aleksey Loktev. "Logical-linguistic Model of Risks of the Cardiovascular System." In 2021 3rd International Conference on Control Systems, Mathematical Modeling, Automation and Energy Efficiency (SUMMA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/summa53307.2021.9632088.
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Laishev, Kasim, Aleksandr Spesivtsev, Aleksandr Prokudin, and Nelya Domshenko. "Logical-linguistic model of anthrax epizootic monitoring in Far North." In 17th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Agriculture, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev2018.17.n250.
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Khristodulo, Olga, Vladimir Gvozdev, Oxana Bezhaeva, and Marat Shamsutdinov. "Assessment of the characteristics of the municipal solid waste management system based on the apparatus of the theory of reliability." In International Conference "Computing for Physics and Technology - CPT2020". Bryansk State Technical University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/conferencearticle_5fce277281cca9.86270786.
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Currently, the problem of organizing a municipal solid waste management system (MSW) has become more acute in Russian regions and all over the world. Various environmental and economic problems, as well as problems related to public health negatively affect many aspects of the development of modern society. Therefore, the careful organization of the management of the MSW management system is of great social importance and needs constant improvement.
 In this paper, we look at the MSW management system from the point of various scientific approaches, namely, structural analysis methods, geoinformation technology methods, reliability theory for complex technical systems, evergetics, graph theory and fuzzy logic methods, including the apparatus of linguistic variables. The purpose of the work is to show the possibility of application and systematic combination of the above scientific methods that have proven themselves well in their fields to a new area of the MSW management systems. However, just application of these approaches is impossible without their further adaptation and systematization from the point of view of existing approaches to the management of similar systems.
 As part of this study, elements of the MSW management system were identified and a topological model of the system was developed. Structural-logical models of reliability at various levels of abstraction were also built.
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Kobets, Elizaveta, Arsenii Tretiakov, and Natalia Gorlushkina. "Creation of Logical Models for Conducting Forensic Linguistic Expertise." In IX International Scientific and Practical Conference “Current Problems of Social and Labour Relations" (ISPC-CPSLR 2021). Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220208.033.
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Popov, V. D., A. V. Spesivtsev, A. I. Sukhoparov, and V. A. Spesivtsev. "Use of logical-linguistic models to predict the retained biological potential of grasses during their conservation." In 2016 XIX IEEE International Conference on Soft Computing and Measurements (SCM). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scm.2016.7519741.
Full textReports on the topic "Logical-linguistic model"
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Makhachashvili, Rusudan K., Svetlana I. Kovpik, Anna O. Bakhtina, and Ekaterina O. Shmeltser. Technology of presentation of literature on the Emoji Maker platform: pedagogical function of graphic mimesis. [б. в.], 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3864.
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The article deals with the technology of visualizing fictional text (poetry) with the help of emoji symbols in the Emoji Maker platform that not only activates students’ thinking, but also develops creative attention, makes it possible to reproduce the meaning of poetry in a succinct way. The application of this technology has yielded the significance of introducing a computer being emoji in the study and mastering of literature is absolutely logical: an emoji, phenomenologically, logically and eidologically installed in the digital continuum, is separated from the natural language provided by (ethno)logy, and is implicitly embedded into (cosmo)logy. The technology application object is the text of the twentieth century Cuban poet José Ángel Buesa. The choice of poetry was dictated by the appeal to the most important function of emoji – the expression of feelings, emotions, and mood. It has been discovered that sensuality can reconstructed with the help of this type of meta-linguistic digital continuum. It is noted that during the emoji design in the Emoji Maker program, due to the technical limitations of the platform, it is possible to phenomenologize one’s own essential-empirical reconstruction of the lyrical image. Creating the image of the lyrical protagonist sign, it was sensible to apply knowledge in linguistics, philosophy of language, psychology, psycholinguistics, literary criticism. By constructing the sign, a special emphasis was placed on the facial emogram, which also plays an essential role in the transmission of a wide range of emotions, moods, feelings of the lyrical protagonist. Consequently, the Emoji Maker digital platform allowed to create a new model of digital presentation of fiction, especially considering the psychophysiological characteristics of the lyrical protagonist. Thus, the interpreting reader, using a specific digital toolkit – a visual iconic sign (smile) – reproduces the polylaterial metalinguistic multimodality of the sign meaning in fiction. The effectiveness of this approach is verified by the poly-functional emoji ousia, tested on texts of fiction.