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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Locust nutrition'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Miller, Gabriel A. "Immunity, nutrition and phenotype in locust ecology." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497052.

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2

Zanotto, Flavia Pinheiro. "Physiological and biochemical aspects of nutritional homeostasis in locusts." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306907.

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3

Clissold, Fiona J. (Fiona Jane) 1967. "Nutritional ecology of the Australian plague locust, Chortoicetes terminifera." Monash University, School of Biological Sciences, 2003. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5837.

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4

Raubenheimer, David. "Constraints on nutritional compensation in acridids." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:957eb4b0-d094-43c0-8d81-4e544a48c4f4.

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Some aspects of the ability of locusts and grasshoppers (Acrididae) to compensate for nutritional shortfalls were studied, with a special emphasis on the factors which constrain this ability. Chapter 1 investigates the effects over the short-term (12 h) of the plant-produced allelochemical tannic acid on the ability of Locusta migratoria (L.) and Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal) to compensate for dilution of dietary proteins and carbohydrates by increasing consumption. Tannic acid had no effect on compensatory feeding by L. migratoria, and stimulated feeding by S. gregaria. Chapter 2 extends this study over the longer-term (fifth instar) for L. migratoria. Over this period, tannic acid restricted intake and reduced growth of those insects fed lowprotein diets, indicating an inhibitory effect on compensatory feeding for protein. In addition, the levels of dietary proteins influenced regulation for carbohydrate intake and, to a lesser extent, vice-versa. A detailed discussion is presented of the ways that some dietary components can influence the intake of others, and how failure to take this into account can lead to poor experimental design and interpretation. Chapter 3 investigates some mechanisms involved in dietary selection by the grasshopper Schistocerca americana (Drury). It was found that S. americana conditioned on distinctly flavoured protein-inadequate diets then tested on nutritionally similar diets with the familiar or a novel flavour, tend to eat more of the novel-flavoured diets. This suggests that conditioned neophilia, possibly in conjunction with aversion learning, may be a factor facilitating dietary selection in acridids. Chapter 4 investigates the patterns of feeding and dietary selection behaviour of the polyphagous grasshopper Taeniopoda eques (Burmeister) in its natural desert habitat. Despite the overwhelming thermoregulatory requirements and unpredictable variability inherent in ecological complexity, these insects nonetheless maintained a pattern of feeding comparable to that observed under controlled laboratory conditions. The patterns of dietary selection behaviour were concordant with some of the mechanisms observed to operate in the laboratory. Chapter 5 addresses an important inadequacy in the methodology currently used to investigate some aspects of nutritional compensation. A computer-generated data set is used to illustrate how the analysis of the currently popular ratio-based nutritional indices may be flawed, and how this may be overcome using as an alternative the analysis of covariance.
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5

Gouveia, Scott M. "A respirometric study of locust feeding : metabolic costs of nutritional decisions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343660.

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6

Buergler, Alicia Lenore. "Forage Production and Nutritive Value in a Temperate Appalachian Silvopasture." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9923.

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Integrating trees into pasture may be an effective management tool to improve water, nutrient, and light allocation and increase total system productivity in Appalachia. We tested this hypothesis in a silvopasture near Blacksburg, VA. In 1995, black walnut and honey locust trees were planted within plots (r=3) of predominantly tall fescue pasture. Across a 12% slope, trees were planted to create treatments of low, medium, and high tree densities at shoulder, mid, and toe slope positions within plots of honey locust and black walnut. Sampling sites (n=54) under tree density and slope position combinations were harvested May to October at 35-d intervals in 2002 and 2003 for determination of yield and nutritive value characteristics. Soil surface temperature, forage canopy temperature, soil moisture, and photosynthetically active radiation were measured to determine forage responses to field treatments as functions of resource allocation. Tree density had the greatest effect on forage production and nutritive value. Across both years, yields were 16% greater (P=0.0006) at medium density (6130 kg/ha) compared to forage mass at low (5280 kg/ha)) and high density (4970 kg/ha, SE=130). Increasing tree density did not affect (P>0.2) ADF, CP, P, K, and Mg levels, but reduced (P<0.001) NDF and TNC, and increased (P<0.0001) ADL and Ca. Elevated soil surface and forage canopy temperatures limited forage production and nutritive value at low density, while low light levels were the limiting factor at high density. Moderating forage microclimate with appropriately spaced trees is an effective way to improve forage production in temperate pastures.
Master of Science
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7

Shapiro, Sheryl Lynn 1961. "NUTRITION AND HEALTH PRACTICES: A STUDY OF HOW SOURCES OF NUTRITIONAL INFORMATION, NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE, HEALTH LOCUS OF CONTROL, AND MOTIVATING FACTORS TOWARD PREVENTIVE HEALTH CONTRIBUTE TO THE ADEQUACY OF THE HEALTHY ELDERLY DIET." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291265.

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8

Lund, Jennifer. "The interaction of ingestive and post-ingestive processes in nutritional regulation by locusts." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393723.

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9

Stewart-Knox, Barbara J., A. Rankin, B. P. Bunting, L. J. Frewer, C. Celis-Morales, K. M. Livingstone, A. R. H. Fischer, et al. "Self-efficacy, habit strength, health locus of control and response to the personalised nutrition Food4Me intervention study." Emerald, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18568.

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Yes
Purpose – Randomised controlled trials identify causal links between variables but not why an outcome has occurred. This analysis sought to determine how psychological factors assessed at baseline influenced response to personalised nutrition. Design/methodology/approach – Web-based, randomised, controlled trial (RCT) was conducted across seven European countries. Volunteers, both male and female, aged over 18 years were randomised to either a non-personalised (control) or a personalised (treatment) dietary advice condition. Linear mixed model analysis with fixed effects was used to compare associations between internal and external health locus of control (HLoC), nutrition self-efficacy (NS-E) and self-report habit index (S-RHI) at baseline (N 5 1444), with healthy eating index (HEI) and Mediterranean diet index (MDI) scores between conditions post-intervention (N 5 763). Findings – An increase in MDI scores was observed between baseline and six months in the treatment group which was associated with higher NS-E (p
EU FP7 Project “Personalised nutrition: an integrated analysis of opportunities and challenges” (Contract No. KBBE. 2010.2.3–02, Project No. 265494)
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10

Stewart-Knox, Barbara, A. Rankin, B. P. Bunting, L. J. Frewer, C. Celis-Morales, K. M. Livingstone, A. R. H. Fischer, et al. "Self-efficacy, habit strength, health locus of control and response to the personalised nutrition Food4Me intervention study." Emerald, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18568.

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Yes
Purpose – Randomised controlled trials identify causal links between variables but not why an outcome has occurred. This analysis sought to determine how psychological factors assessed at baseline influenced response to personalised nutrition. Design/methodology/approach – Web-based, randomised, controlled trial (RCT) was conducted across seven European countries. Volunteers, both male and female, aged over 18 years were randomised to either a non-personalised (control) or a personalised (treatment) dietary advice condition. Linear mixed model analysis with fixed effects was used to compare associations between internal and external health locus of control (HLoC), nutrition self-efficacy (NS-E) and self-report habit index (S-RHI) at baseline (N 5 1444), with healthy eating index (HEI) and Mediterranean diet index (MDI) scores between conditions post-intervention (N 5 763). Findings – An increase in MDI scores was observed between baseline and six months in the treatment group which was associated with higher NS-E (p
EU FP7 Project “Personalised nutrition: an integrated analysis of opportunities and challenges” (Contract No. KBBE. 2010.2.3–02, Project No. 265494)
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11

Keys, Sybil L. "Nutritional knowledge, locus of control and dietary practices of college athletes from a NCAA division one university." Virtual Press, 1992. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/845957.

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Nutrition knowledge, Locus of Control, and dietary practices were assessed and compared among male and female athletes at Ball State University with the goal of designing an appropriate nutrition education program. Members of the men's basketball (n=ll), track (n=12) and women's basketball (n=12) and track (n=14) teams were selected as participants in this study. Each participant was required to complete nutrition knowledge, Locus of Control and food frequency questionnaires in addition to completing three 24-hour food recalls on separate occasions.Comparison between gender revealed that female athletes had greater nutrition knowledge levels than male athletes. Women averaged only 90% of advisable caloric intake whereas men exceeded their advisable caloric intake.Male athletes were found not to have better dietary practices than female athletes as previous research suggest. In fact, males exceeded the percent of advisable intake of protein and fat. While, women exceeded advisable protein intake, they consumed less than the maximum advisable fat intake.Comparisons made between sport form revealed two trends: (1) track athletes had greater nutrition knowledge than basketball players and (2) track athletes tended to consume a greater percent of kcalorie intake as protein than basketball athletes.It can be concluded from this study that greater nutrition education should be given to male athletes to encourage lower fat and protein intake. Female athletes need to be educated in the areas of approximate caloric and protein intake. All the athletes need to be educated in general nutrition and nutrition as it relates to physical activity. Further investigation is needed to evaluate the effect of Locus of Control on the dietary practices of both male and female athletes.
Institute for Wellness
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12

Crowley, Susanne 1961. "FACTORS AFFECTING COMPLIANCE IN A BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION WEIGHT REDUCTION PROGRAM: A STUDY OF THE LOCUS OF CONTROL THEORY (NUTRITION)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276759.

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13

Sievers, Jerrie Ann. "NUTRITION AND HEALTH BELIEFS IN FOOD SUPPLEMENT USE: A STUDY OF THE HEALTH LOCUS OF CONTROL THEORY (VITAMINS, HABITS, MINERALS, TOXICITY)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291271.

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14

Cunningham-Sabo, Leslie D. 1957. "Assessing hemodialysis patient compliance to fluid and dietary recommendations: Use of the multidimensional health locus-of-control construct and other methods." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277050.

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This study investigated the hypothesis that dietary compliance among hemodialysis patients is related to their health locus of control orientation, as well as other factors. Fifty chronic hemodialysis patients were studied over a 3-month period. Among women interdialytic weight gain as a percentage of body weight (%BWG) was positively correlated with the number of weekly hemodialysis sessions and negatively related to ease of fluid compliance. Among men %BWG was positively correlated with powerful others health locus of control, family support, and hemodialysis tenure, and negatively correlated with employment. The best fitting multiple regression equation explained 26% of the variance for %BWG using ease of fluid compliance, frequency of urination, and powerful others orientation, with sex effects seen for the latter two variables. Staff perceptions of patient dietary compliance were also highly correlated with %BWG, though they never tabulated fluid gain controlled for body weight.
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15

Kang, Jeeeun. "Assessing psychological, environmental, and nutritional variables of adolescents in horticultural therapy programs of behavioral health service institutions." Diss., Kansas State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/7063.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Horticulture, Forestry, and Recreation Resources
Richard H. Mattson
Subjects of this research were 64 adolescents receiving treatment at two behavioral health service institutions located in an urban mid-western city. Both institutions provided horticultural therapy and non-horticultural therapy programs. Research subjects were adolescents with diverse treatment needs and their responses on research questions were inconsistent compared to other related studies with general population. Current research assessed the adolescents with horticultural therapy treatment and without horticultural therapy treatment in three aspects. First, the levels of psychological aspects of adolescents were assessed with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale for Children. The levels of self-esteem and locus of control of adolescents with horticultural therapy treatment were not significantly different from those of adolescents without horticultural therapy treatment at both institutions. Based on the different level of worthiness and competence factors, it is recommended to design horticultural therapy programs focused on improving the worthiness factor of self-esteem. Second, the pastoralism disposition of the Children's Environmental Response Inventory was used to assess the level of environmental attitude of the adolescents with and without horticultural therapy treatment. Horticultural experience and environmental attitude had a positive relationship with most subjects. At one institution, the level of environmental attitude of the adolescents with horticultural therapy treatment was significantly higher than the adolescents without horticultural therapy treatment. The adolescents at the horticultural therapy program which was scheduled more frequently showed higher environmental attitude scores. To improve environmental attitude of adolescents, horticultural therapy program should provide diversity and abundant opportunities of horticultural experiences. Third, basic horticultural knowledge was tested with the Basic Horticultural Knowledge Questionnaire. Vegetable/fruit consumption and preference were described with the Vegetable and Fruit Preference and Consumption Survey. Basic horticultural knowledge scores of the horticultural therapy group were significantly higher than that of the non-horticultural therapy group at one institution, but the scores were similar between the two groups at the other institution. Basic horticultural knowledge of subjects was significantly correlated to their vegetable and fruit consumption. To increase vegetable/fruit consumption, horticultural therapy programs should set goals to incorporate nutrition education.
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16

Chen, Su-Hui 1961. "The relationship among nutrition self-efficacy, health locus of control, and nutritional status in the Taiwanese elderly." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/3558.

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This study used a correlational and cross-sectional research design to identify factors influencing the nutritional status of a sample of elderly Taiwanese. Guiding the study was a conceptual framework that integrated self-efficacy theory and health locus of control theory. Bivariate correlations among the study variables were examined, and hierarchical multiple regression tests were performed to determine whether and to what degree background characteristics, nutrition self-efficacy, and health locus of control predicted nutritional status. Furthermore, the study analyzed and categorized topics identified in the participants' verbal explanations of their eating patterns. Of the 156 Taiwanese elderly who completed the survey, the majority were healthy males (60.9%) with a mean age of 72.29 years. Relationships among the variables indicated that older people had lower nutrition self-efficacy and nutritional status. Females tended to have higher chance health locus of control. Higher educational levels were related to better nutrition self-efficacy and Mini-Nutritional Assessment scores. Moreover, elderly persons who reported greater health problems and medications had lower Mini-Nutritional Assessment scores, but had higher albumin levels. The results also showed that, among the elderly, nutrition self-efficacy, internal and chance health locus of control, and nutritional status were interrelated, whereas the powerful-others orientation was not correlated with other variables. Nutritional status, age, educational level, health problems and medications, and chance health locus of control all had effects on the Mini-Nutritional Assessment scores, and only health problems and medications explained significant variances in albumin levels. In the qualitative portion, a subsample of 58 participants (37.18%) answered an open-ended question about their eating patterns. The analysis of their responses revealed three categories of eating patterns: eating and old age, eating and faith, and eating and family harmony, with each encompassing a number of subcategories. Generally, the study confirmed the relationships proposed in the research model; however, the overall amount of predicted variance accounted for by the predictors was small, which indicated that unmeasured factors might account for most of the variance in nutritional status. Further research is therefore necessary to gain a deeper understanding of nutritional status and its factors among the Taiwanese elderly.
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