Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Loches (France)'
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Ottaway, John. "Beaulieu-lès-Loches : une église princière de l'ouest de la France aux alentours de l'an mil." Poitiers, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986POIT5003.
Full textThe thesis proposes an analysis of the written documents relating to the abbey of Beaulieu-lès-Loches during the eleventh century, and of the romanesque abbey church itself, so as to provide a sketch of the mentalities of the times concerning ecclesiastical construction. Following a presentation of the textual and archeological documentation and of the historiography of this documentation, the principal written documents are studied in order to determine their redactional strata, and the phases of construction, the primitive morphology and the nature of the romanesque transformation of the monument established. The economic, judicial and ecclesiastical structures of the written documents are then placed in their regional context, along with the diverse architectural criteria (architectural modules, constructional techniques, architectonic elements, capitals, reliefs) of the structure of the primitive abbay church. Lastly, after a classification of documents heighlighting the position of the church within its own history, the various architectural modules which make up the monument (chevet, transept, nave) are examined from the point of view of their propagation and their significance (in terms of actuality, transition and of "royalty"); a relationship is proposed, through a liturgy which is particular to the abbey of Beaulieu-lès-Loches, between the abbey church and the saint-sepulchre at jerusalem. Does the church enter into the framework of a renaissance? It is proposed in the conclusion that this church, through its situation, its patronage and its architectural iconography, can be considered a "model" of geo-political strategy
Bourocher, Solveig. "Le "Logis Royal" du château de Loches depuis le XIVè siècle : l'essor d'une résidence ducale puis royale dans le Val de Loire." Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR2011.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to renew our knowledge of the "Logis Royal" of the castle of Loches and propose a restitution of its sites, its distributions and its decorations from the last third of the fourteen century, which saw the building of a first main lodging by Duke Louis Ier d’Anjou, to the beginning of the sixteenth century during which completed the construction of a second building housing the royal lodgings of Charles VIII, Louis XII and Anne de Bretagne. Still standing, the two main lodgings have benefited from a thorough archaeological study of buildings, combined with the analysis of textual and iconographic sources conserved, that allows to highlight the contribution the "Logis Royal" of Loches could bring to the architecture of the residential palaces of the fourteenth century and the royal castles of the first french Renaissance in the Loire Valley
Hutchison, Ross. "Locke in France : 1688-1734 /." Oxford : the Voltaire foundation, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35499517w.
Full textFaessel, Nicole. "Contribution à l'étude des radios locales privées en France : l'expérience des radios locales privées en Lorraine." Nancy 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN20002.
Full textThis thesis is a study on the application in lorraine of the laws concerning private local radios. After having broadcasting in parallel to the state monopoly, and this in total anarchy, the so-called "free" radio stations were legally acknowledged only after the presidential elections of 1981, when a government with a socialist majority was appointed. The diverse obligations that they were imposed (either technical or concerning their programs) overwhelmed them with financial difficulties. As soon as the haute autorite (high authorities) of audiovisual communications authorized it, they received subsidies through the fonds de soutien a l'expression radiophonique locale (support funds for local radio expression) that was created to this effect. Advertising was legally forbidden, so they found different ways to finance themselves in order to survive. The law passed the 1st of august 1984 finnaly accorded them the right to advertise, but only if they set themselves up in small or average sized fims. But the partnership sector continued to exist, and, in the face of this legal emptiness, a third category devleopped, part-partnership, part-firm. The election in march 1986 of an assemblee nationale (national parliament) with a reght-wing majority (udf rpr) saw through the voting on the 30 th of september 1986 of the leotard law. Amongst other things, it replaced the haute autorite by the commission nationale de la communication et des libertes (national communication and rights commission). The will to organize the freedom of audiovisual communication still comes up against a fundamental difficulty : how to reconcile the freedom of the broadcasting stations with the freedom of the listeners, who have a right to maximum "listening comfort", both "materially and morally" ?
Cheval, Jean-Jacques. "Les radios locales privées en Gironde." Bordeaux 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR30038.
Full textThe experiences of the few "free radios" in gironde are however at the beginning of a largest movement which gives rise to several tens of radios from which 44 will be legaly authorized to emit between 1983 and 1986; then they take name of " prived local radios". They concern in gironde more than 1500 persons in 1984. The development of these radios in gironde, as at the national level, is done in a legislative context altered on several occasion but which is not used. The social phenomenon, marginal and claimant of the "free radios" offering an anarchic character rediscovers quickly its proper laws of regulation which are essentially economics. The authorisation for the radios to have recourse to advertising's financing accelerates the process. At the experiences of associatives radios succeed the experiences of business radios with a very clear tendancy at the concentration by the integration of the radios in national networks. The prived local radios get also settle with regard to the local press and to the local administrative areas. The local information is treated by a limited number of radios. At the begining, the programms either generals or thematics and for community become more and more musicals for a young public. The local prived radios get a consistent hearing in gironde wich is estimated at one third of the total audience of the radio. The investigation of the girondin's case concerning prived local radios present little originality but allows to better understand their history in france
Faure, Bertrand. "Le pouvoir réglementaire des collectivités locales." Pau, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PAUU2019.
Full textIn a traditionnal manner, the local communities exercise a staturory power. However, it is recently that this statutory local power caused political and doctrinal debates and motivated a comprehensive reflection. New perspectives of analysis appear, due to the contemporary development of decentralization and the emergence of a constitutional status of the local communities. They forgive the construction of a general theory of statutory power, specific to decentralized communities and, concurrently imply a global research on the distribution of the statutory competency within the state
Schott, Annick. "La publicité et les radios locales en Aquitaine." Bordeaux 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR30073.
Full textThe current use of a technoligy elabored at the beginning of our century was to modify at last the possibility for radio broadeasting and the economic balance of the other means of communication. This was the origin of the free radios which, as they were gainning more listeners, obliged the lawma-kers to turn progressively the principle of the monopoly of the state into an exception. As the free radios, which have became the local radios from 1982, have st-arted an irreversible phenomenon up to the liberalization of the great areas of written and audiovisuel communication, they had, in order to ensure their durability, to fight and look for a way to be financed : advertising which they vere refused to use until 1984. The repeal of the legislature steps, precised in 1982 and in 1984, by the lwas of 1986, didn't coast doubt over this way of financing. , however, the position of the biggest local radios, belonging or not to a network, has made easier the concentration of a market most local and has directed the fighting energy of the concurrent radios. Determined by their parteners (advertising traders and advertisers), refined by the concurrent radios and defined according to the specific needs of the radios, the rules of the game around advertising have standardized as well the dis
Garay, Ana. "Banques locales et banques régionales en France au XIXe siècle /." Villeurbanne : ENSSIB, 2001. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dpssib/rrbgaray.pdf.
Full textDPSSIB = Diplôme professionnel supérieur en sciences de l'information et des bibliothèques. Notes bibliogr.
Branquart, Christelle. "La réforme de la fiscalité locale en France." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA4016.
Full textLocal taxation reform, an old and recurrent problem, is proving to be necessary not only because of the numerous flaws of own local fiscal system but also because it faces a structural crisis. Local taxes are not suited to the financial needs of our local communities. However, this reform is proving hard to implement due to difficulties which explain why, over the past twenty years, the state has taken on an increasing share of the local finances rather than embarking upon an ambitious program of reform. The reform program is not universally backed by local councillors some of whom believe this « creeping nationalisation » of local taxes puts their very existence in danger, which incidentally is not compatible with increased decentralization. Therefore, it seems that the local tax system is in need of real reform which must aim to review the taxable amount of four main local taxes ; to restore the fiscal autonomy of local communities by replacing state grants with new taxes which have a real local effect and which increase their fiscal power ; to reduce the disparities of resources between local communities by balancing the taxation system ; and to develop local councillor responsibility by reinforcing fiscal specialisation at each level of local government
Djekouri, Badjo. "Les collectivités territoriales à l'épreuve de la coopération décentralisée. Approche juridique et évolution pratique d'un nouveau type de partenariat entre la France et la Côte d'Ivoire. (L'expérience des régions Franche-Comté et l'Ouest montagneux)." Paris 5, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA05D010.
Full textThe decentralized co-operation which is based on a new type of partnership takes root in research of the durable development of which one of the solutions resides in the restoration of dies of management of the development aid. It is thus the means of diversification and decentralization of the decision-making centre as regards management of the policy of international co-operation especially relative to this help. Also, in margin of the purely official international relations and exclusively policies build it e new give incarnated by the decentralized co-operation of the local authorities still called co-operation “of community to community” to this end, these people take note which are not classified easily in a precise category or a single legal order because pf existence sometimes of several elements of extraneity. From the point of view of the construction of a harmonized Community space, the local authorities and in particular the areas become the instrument of implementation of the European policy. Thus, reforms is structural funds and the creation of national commission of decentralized co-operation take part of the achievement of this objective. Consequently, an important and coordinated engagement is started in favour of the interest of this new exercise of local freedom. This step will become the point of support of a convergent orientation of the local policies for an official recognition of the international action of the local communities. So that the change of he NORTH-SOUTH relations remains especially characterized by the entry in scene of local authorities thus marking the end of the official monopoly and the beginning of emergence of the local authorities in the international relations of the development. In this moment, the decentralized co-operation becomes the new alternative of the economic and social development. In the analysis of this decentralized co-operation, the legal approach of the acts and actors of this new type of partnership are an important shutter. It contributes to the determination of the nature of concluded conventions. As for the aspects of its practical evolution, it seems like the development and the implementation of these conventions or of the projects which they contain. The partnership experiment of the local authorities of franche-comté and west-mountainous of Ivory Coast aims to elucidate all these remarks
Ferrand, Jean-Pierre. "Le pouvoir fiscal des autorités locales." Aix-Marseille 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX32007.
Full textLaffay-Reymond, Françoise. "Le contrôle juridictionnel des comptes des collectivités locales." Lyon 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO33025.
Full textFares, Abbas. "Une étude comparative des banques locales libanaises et des banques locales et régionales du Sud-Est français." Aix-Marseille 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX32008.
Full textThe thesis contains two essential parts : the first part studies the lebanese context and that of the south-east of france in which the banks exercice their activities. In fact, this documentary part consist of two chapers : the first chapter deals with the banking system of the lebanon, espacially the growth and the performane of the local banks of the lebanon. The second chapter investigates the french banking system, and it studies the regional and local in the sowth-east of france. The first part constitutes the introduction to the second part. The second part comprises three chapters : the first chapter (the investigation and the selection of speciamen) aims at finding a solution to certain questions relatives to economic, political, managerial, social and cultural factors. This investigation was conducted with lebanese bankers and french bankers. The second chapter studies the rlation beetwen sise and performance in the banks which this study deals with. The third chapter compares the factors involved in the banks studied. This chapter explores the similarities and the dissimilarities of these banks. The conclusion makes a comparaison on different levels beetwen the two types banks
Le, Roux Martine. "Sociétés d'économie mixte locales et procédures collectives." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010285.
Full textLignières, Paul. "Les cautionnements et garanties d'emprunt donnés par les collectivités locales." Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON10011.
Full textThe grant of loan guarantees by local authorities raises the question of the influence of one particular party on the contract. Only the consent of the local authority should be submitted to particular rules which reflect the specificity of the local authority. The framework of consent is limited by the right of decentralisation and, the internal and european community rights of competition. The decision making process ("deliberation") is the essential part of consent by the local authority. This process is subject to public law. This specific law must not, however, be extended to the whole contract. For the rest of the contract, private law must be applied in principle. For this reason, thedistinction between the contract of "cautionnement" (which is a guarantee subject to the "code civil") and the contract of "garantie autonome" (a guarantee independent of the "code civil") is not specific to this subject. This study shows that it is necessary to discern in a legal rgime, which is apparently a combination of public and private law. Matters related to public and private law
Bertin, Jean Jacques. "Sociologie électorale et communautés locales." Bordeaux 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR1D029.
Full textThe study of the evolution of cantonal elections during the vth republic shows a complete change. This cannot yet be considered as a stepping into line of local polls with national elections. An important distinction must be made between the change in the outline of the polls and the change in the candidates'speech, with is not so obvious. This evolutive process is founded on the transformation appearing in the electoral behaviour and on the strategies of the political parties towards the local polls. Meanwhile, certain areas still remain ardently traditional, emerging from the notion of local rooting of the candidates. Among them, the retiring candidates keep on playing a capital role. In order to grasp the evolution of cantonal election, it is essential to distinguish between rural polls and urban polls, something that is often neglected by general studies. These are influenced by the large variety of local situations which are conveyed at the time of cantonal elections. In spite of its pertinence, the model of "elections intermediaires" does not escape
Jonaidi, Salem Abdelwali. "Les collectivites locales : etude comparative entre la france et la jordanie." Reims, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REIMD001.
Full textMost of modern societies, in their social, political and economical oganization obey one of the following prevailing systems : centralization or decentralization. The purpose of this study is to analyse the local authorities organization in jordan in order to apraise the degree of decentralization in relation to france. However, in this study, france is more a pattern of approach than a comparative reference. Actually, the two countries differ not only in their degree of development but also in their historical, political and social background. In the first instence, research has been directed towards a studyof the function and organization of both countries'local structures and necessary in order to understand the application of decentralization. Subsequently, to look into the question, of the relationship between the central and local governments in order to understand the efficiency, dinancial means of administration that are afficially acknowledged
Schirrer, Maxime. "Révolution informatique et collectivités locales : quels impacts ? : l'exemple de la métropole parisienne." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100058.
Full textThe prime objective of the thesis is to know if the information of the administrative services modifies the organization of the local communities. The second objective questions the repercussions in economic terms of performances and social equity. The impact study of the TIC on the level of the local institutions clarifies the emergence of a new economic area founded on the support of the economy of the networks. When the innovation is not any more the fruit of a kingly actor, but a source of differentiation, which problems are posed the leaders and the technicians of the local communities in order to distinguish and to make gravitational their territories? The analysis of case of Paris, Yvelines and Seine-et-Marne were used as test with our assumptions in order to identify variables of differentiation or convergence. The conclusions drawn from the analysis of these three departments contributed to a personal interpretation on the comprehension of spaces "postindustriels"
Guehair, Nourreddine. "La notation financière : cas des collectivités locales françaises." Pau, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PAUU2005.
Full textThe modernization of public finance of major french local authorities questioned credit rationg. We discuss their motivations for using their practical utilities and purposes, beyond the role of access to financing. We have recourse to a wide theoretical framework : the theory of the agency, the signal, the stakeholders, as well as the learning and the neo-institutional theories. The work is based on a questionnaire plus public data originating from 149 communities among which 20 are rated. The results show that the motivations for the use of credit rating are mainly : size, the level of risk control and financial reporting, tax and financial variables, the perceived shortcomings of the DGCO and DGCL risk prevention devices, as well as the image of the rating agencies. Beyong the role of certification, credit ratings also appears as a tool for learning, controlling, legitimating, obtaining and disseminates financial information both in internally and externally. It would became a managerial tool contributing to improving local governance
Févrot, Olivier. "Recherche sur la notion de démocratie locale." Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA020067.
Full textEog, Jean-Claude. "La perequation financiere et fiscale effectuee au profit des collectivites locales francaises : un facteur de renforcement de l'autonomie financiere locale et de dynamisation de l'amenagement du territoire." Reims, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REIMD005.
Full textThe financial relations which exist between the state and local communities and among local communities themselves in france express tensions which exist among the principles equality, national solidarity, national unity, the free administration of local communities and financial autonomy. In this thesis our aim is to show that the introduction of the "financial and fiscal perequation" in local finances leads to the reinforcement of local financial autonomy and to dynamisation of territorial development. After the definition of this concept, we show reasons why it must be applied. The study of examples of resources distribution, those of germany, switzerland and the usa, shows that the practice of the concept is likewise in all the western countries. This concept of "financial and fiscal perequation derives from that of perequation, which came from the latin " perequare" and means to equalise. Ancient, juridical even "scholar", its appeared in ordinary french in the eighteenth century, event if they already used it in the middle of the fifteenth century, in the sense of "equitable repartition of taxes". Before being a word, perequation is an administrative and fiscal technique. In public financial books of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, people used it about territorial taxes, to quality solutions to be adopted, to lighten the effects of inequality of fiscal treatment between territories and the taxe-payers. In the indexes, jurisprudence production or contemporary juridical data, they used it in civil service law and in that of administrative exams to mark, in military and civil old age pensions. In these cases, they modified the amounts to reduce the differences, in order to introduce more equality. That is why, in our opinion, we must speak, in the domain of local finances, of "financial and fiscal perequation". In fact, the mechanisms created to introduce more equality among local communities produce either them financial resources or fiscal ones or both of them at the same time
Choi, Jin-hyuk. "Assemblées locales et autonomie locale en France et en Corée du Sud." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA01A018.
Full textThis thesis was principally dedicated to the organization and the function of local assembly according to existing and created models. It was based on an institutional and sociological approach about the mutation enrolled in the democracy following the movement of decentralization in france (1982) and in south korea (1991). The study of history and theory on the context of local assembly carried out the points of convergence and divergence (specific). A descriptive analysis on the modelization of local assembly between two countries is based on the integration and separation of power in institutional form of local government: the + soft ; separation of power (in france), the + hard ; separation of power (in south korea). Regarding the organization of local assembly, it was benefited from an endogenous phenomenon characterized by an electoral regime, a composition of local assembly and specific commission, and an exogenous phenomenon delimitated by the reciprocal relation. An analysis of powers of local assembly is accomplished from the angle of the relation to local government. The correlation between the degree of decentralization and the powers of local assembly is analyzed by the modality, the principle of transfer and the degree of decentralization by distribution of function. The function of local assembly is described by the regime of meeting and its modality, by decisional activities of local assembly and its particularism. The correlation between the degree of central control and the powers of local assembly is required from this point of view. An general evaluation ends up vertical and horizontal unbalance to explain the limits of financial power of local assembly. The fical capacity is one of the factors necessary for the successful local autonomy. Central government must intervene in terms of financial resources when local governments are fiscally not self-sufficient and when fiscal coordination and equity among local autonomous entities are necessary. It seems to be appropriate for south korea to implement decentralization according to the french model as soon as possible. Any future effort toward decentralization (with three major factors: democracy, effectiveness, rule of law), however, must begin with a careful study on the previously indicated problems and has to overcome obstacles and relevant blockage. These are the key factors to be succes
Tourjansky-Cabart, Laure. "L'interventionnisme économique des collectivités locales et la localisation des entreprises en France." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994IEPP0038.
Full textSince the "decentralisation laws" (1982), investment promoting activities of the French local governments have been steadily increasing. They consist in different subsidies, but also in taxe policies and wider local competences with an impact on the economic environment. The evaluation of these local policies' results depends on whether the study is made at a local or a national scale. "fiscal federalism" is the main theory about the distribution of powers and competences between central and local governments. This approach is completed by a few other theories - growth models, game theory, spatial economics, industrial economics. At the local level, economic development policies are likely to be successful when the local authorities already attract ed many firms. At the national level, local policies as a whole seem to have a long-term positive impact on economic growth. This result has to be compared with their influence on the firms'localization and the spatial equilibrium. However the costs and benefits of spatial concentration are not yet very well know
Ginsburger, Ted. "L'exercice d'activités commerciales par les collectivités locales : permanence et mutations du service public." Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX32052.
Full textThe organization and operation of industrial and commercial public services by local authorities have been presented as no longer being limited by the freedom of trade and industry. In recent years this principle has however known, a renewed interest, particularly in the jurisprudence of the Conseil d‘Etat, which declares its coexistence with that of equal competition. The delimitation of competence for local communities to act in the areas of trade, to the existence of a local public interest, is in fact an eternal return to the general definition of public service, and therefore appears to be the best guarantor of respect for the freedom of trade and industry. This return, or rather this constancy in the definition of competence, in accordance with the general clause of territorial authorities, must be put in parallel with mutations in terms of managing public services, including implementation of new management methods. The obligation for local authorities to respect the principle of equal competition does not, however, mask the fact that the exercise of commercial activities by them, by applying a number of rules derived from administrative law, can not be done under the same conditions as it is done by an ordinary industrial. Local authorities will therefore seek ways of operating the service the most competitive, particularly through the mixed economy and since recently by detention of the entire capital of a company
Loudun, Claude. "Collectivités locales et territoires : espaces communaux gardois." Montpellier 3, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985MON30045.
Full textFournier, Laurent Sébastien. "Ethnologie des fêtes locales en Provence : mise en valeur du patrimoine et vécu festif." Montpellier 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON30001.
Full textTartour, Laurence. "L'autonomie financière des collectivités territoriales en droit français." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010277.
Full textMaurel, Christophe. "Approches et perceptions du contrôle de gestion dans les conseils généraux." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN1G019.
Full textWhile the management control in the French public local sector focuses on the cities, some evolutions concern the general councils with a legal change ( a new budgetary and accounting framework), a cultural change (the development of managerial values) and technological changes (the new technologies of information and communication meet the manager's expectations). Are general councils consider these evolutions as opportunities to develop a management control system ? Using a socio-technical framework, we exploit a longitudinal analysis based on six local authorities and a national survey to verify the impacts of these evolutions and to characterize the approaches of the management control. The analysis of management control units, based on documents and interviews, show the complexity, the variety, and the instability of the management control approaches in the general councils. The answers of the questionnaire addressed to thirty-nine local authorities confirm theses ideas with typologies proving the diversity of approaches used. We point out that the new budgetary and accounting instruction called M52 is no used to improve the information system, that the management values implemented are called into question, and that the computerised tools contribute to the development of the organisation and coordination missions of the controller. Furthermore, the treatment of the interviews by a speech automatic classification shows some cognitive dissonances between the way the controllers perceive theirs functions and the acitvities really made
Dietrich, Ingrid. "Essai sur les mutations de la gestion financière des collectivités locales." Aix-Marseille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX32034.
Full textFrench local authorities, since the adoption of the key laws on decentralisation, have been constantly demanding greater freedom, and especially financial freedom, without really having their wishes fulfilled by a State, which seems firmly attached to centralisation. Thus the main expression of local freedom, in terms of financial management, is still the diversity of choice available to local authorities in their means of financing. However, this regrettable situation remains wholly paradoxical, as local authorities do not make full use of their options to obtain funding. What is more, they often employ these means of financing (in particular the tapping of capital markets) so as to get a better deal with their financial partners for their bank borrowings. Nevertheless, the use of these instruments merely to apply pressure may be one reason why local authorities do not actually finance themselves in this way, but there are also other reasons (lack of adequate training, or imperfect command of techniques for proceeding with or monitoring such financing). A revolution has to be undertaken in the traditional perception of local authorities
Balvet, Delphine. "La consommation de productions locales en Bresse de l'Ain : pratiques et représentations alimentaires." Lyon 2, 2002. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2002/balvet_d.
Full textThe present work takes part in a study concerning the consumption of local agricultural products and foodstuffs in a context of strong valorisation and fancy for these products in France. It proposes to better understand the status granted to this food by the "consumers-connoisseurs" taking the consumers from Bresse (Ain - Rhône-Alpes) as a Aradne's thread. This doctoral thesis tries to show how the attention of the consumer towards what he's eating is all the more sustained and the food all the more appreciable since the mental and physical proximity with the product and its production system is great. Therefore, the ethnographic approach underlines that consuming this sort of foodstuffs needs a certain number of knowledges and know-hows, in term of way of consumption and in cooking or product's identification. This knowledges give sense to the act of incorporation. It will deal with the practices and representation regarding these foodstuffs, by setting them within the whole local food system by favouring their dynamic aspects. The local production can be sometimes exteriorised: the processes of exhibition suppose some selection processes which create a gap between private food and public food, between "saying" and "doing". But in the Bresse area, those processes scarcely take the shape of heritage creation process
Pauvros, Mélanie. "Les politiques locales d'immigration : un redéploiement des frontières de l'état." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070072.
Full textThis research explores local government officials' practices regarding foreigners in a context of nationalization and Europeanization of immigration policy. It is at once a sociological analysis of local actors, an analysis of local immigration public policies and a philosophical study of political action. Its goal is to evaluate the impact of the State's attempt to harmonize criteria according to which foreigners are to be excluded or accepted on French soil, specifically in the Nord-Pas de Calais region, where the European Schengen area ends. At a time when the State's sovereignty is questioned by supra-national institutions and movements, this study shows how this global evolution creates policy space for new local actors, who take an increasing part in the definition of national immigration policy. Based on a sociological survey conducted during three and a half years in six communities in the Nord-Pas de Calais, it sheds the light on the emergence of local immigration policies and practices that question sovereign boundaries. Political action thus reappears at the heart of the biopolitical chain established by the State
Bermond, Laurence. "L’imposition des personnes publiques locales : recherche d'un critère." Pau, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PAUU2001.
Full textVery early, the administrative doctrine aimed at defining the basis, the explanatory principle of the administrative law i. E. The general criterion of the administrative system. The analysis of the tax system applicable to local authorities takes the step adopted by the administrative law as a starting point. The purpose of this study is to verify whether the taxation of local authorities ("collectivités territoriales", "groupements de collectivités territoriales", and public institutions) obeys a general criterion. For various reasons, investigations have been limited to land tax ("taxes foncières"), council tax ("taxe d'habitation"), local tax on businesses ("taxe professionnelle"), corporation tax, VAT, and recording fees ("droits d'enregistrement"). The quest for a general criterion makes it possible to define the main orientations of the issue and to comprehend the mechanism of taxation applied on local authorities. The analysis of fiscal rules leads inevitably to historical research. Indeed it is not rare to find in the "CGI" (general code of taxation) rules which date from the revolutionary period. Prospection within old texts has highlighted the evolution of the taxation of local authorities. First the observation of fiscal rules reveals the criteria relevant for every type of taxation. But there is no general criterion as regards fiscal rules. Then it can be demonstrated that section 1654 of the "CGI" about the taxation of public services doesn't determine the taxation of local authorities. Last but not least taxation depends neither on the nature nor on the management process of public services
David, Michaël. "La décentralisation de l'environnement : essai sur l'administration de l'environnement par les collectivités locales." Bordeaux 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR40054.
Full textAbadie, Florence. "Les spécificités disciplinaires et locales d'accès aux diplômes universitaires : effet-discipline et effet-site." Bordeaux 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR20877.
Full textBecerra, Sylvia. "Protéger la nature : politiques publiques et régulations locales en Espagne et en France." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133021.
Full textPendanx, Marie. "Cultures locales et identités : l'exemple des pays du Sud Sud-Ouest landais (France)." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00976337.
Full textGalli, Adeline. "Droit communautaire et marchés publics des collectivités locales (le cas de la France)." Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE0049.
Full textPendanx, Marie. "Cultures locales et identités : l’exemple des pays du Sud Sud-Ouest landais (France)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR30021/document.
Full textWithin the framework of globalization and the implicit process of cultural standardization, we are confronted with the paradoxical emergence of local identities and territories - in Aquitaine and beyond - which are supported by original cultural practices or claiming, at least, to be as such. What are the particulars of these local cultures, which often come in a variety of forms in the context of a more or less deep sociospatial recomposition (development of peri-urban et coastal areas) ? To what extent do the confirmation or emergence of these cultures, firmly rooted in local identities and territories, impact on citizenship, country planning and regional development ? How can social realities assert themselves ?On our ground of investigation, the south-west corner of the Landes département bordering the Pays basque and the Béarn, we are in front of society in a state of renewal. Therefore it is convenient to figure out the lines along which the local territory we chose takes shape. Confronted with changing objects full of ideologies and representations, we adopted a combining approach which lies at the heart of a social and humanist geography. Our work of investigation and research has enabled us to show that the local culture of this area is marked both by external influences and its own features. The study of daily life in our area of investigation in the south of the Landes has shed light on the inner components of a whole culture based on living, the sense of the “here” and popular and lively celebrations. Nevertheless these apparent specificities are the outcome of “connections” worked out by increasingly mobile individuals, regardless of the urban or rural context. Local features thus turn out to be permanently under an innovatory process of construction fed by makeshift identity creations
Godek, Magdalena. "Les euro-obligations municipales en France : une source de financement des collectivités locales." Lyon 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO33020.
Full textNgampio-Obélé-Bélé, Urbain. "Les sociétés d'économie mixte locales et le droit des sociétés." Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX32022.
Full textLocal mixed economy businesses, in conformity with the first article of the july 7 1983 act, have been established as anonymous companies. So, except if otherwise provide for, they are subject to the rules set by the july 24 1966 revised act on commercial businesses, as well as to the common law providing for all types of companies. Now, enforcing the common law of companies entails difficulties when local collectivities participate in these companies. Indeed when the legislator stated in the first article of the 1983 act that local mixed economy businesses are to be considered as anonymous companies, he never realized that the combination of rules belonging both to the common law and to the public law would be attended by serious consequences. Besides, the law generated by the 1966 act hardly agrees with the requirements of public management. If, basically, local mixed economy businesses are ruled by commercial common law, the renewed weigth of public law rules, especially those of administrative law, can increasingly be felt. This is why an in-depth revision of the july 7 1983 act would be very useful to cope with all the difficulties hampering the management of such businesses; this would make the law that applies to local mixed economy businesses better adjusted to the common law of companies. In spite of a few previous alterations, such revision remains a topical question
Armand, Fabrice. "Les contrats et marchés publics de services bancaires et d'investissement des collectivités locales et des établissements publics locaux." Aix-Marseille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX32018.
Full textMany banks refuse to execute banking or investment services with French public bodies by ignorance or because of prejudices. Since the 1970s, public bodies endeavour to revolutionise their economic and legal situation. It started from the "decentralisation" act in 1982 and continues under the influence of the European community : "MAF act", new code of public procurement, "NRE and Murcel" acts. French Parliament and courts take their decisions according to the European liberal rules, whereas the govrenment and its ministries remain conservative. This hidden revolution progressively lessens ignorance or prejudices : the alleged incapacity of the local public entities doesn't exist, the famous rule of compulsory Treasury deposit it no more, the rule relating to the specific investment services are no more public procurement and consequently are subject to private law. .
Joyau, Marc. "De l'autonomie des collectivités locales françaises : contribution à une théorie de la décentralisation politique." Nantes, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NANT4017.
Full textThis thesis sets out the theoretical basis of a french autonomy model, which should not be confused with autonomy as it is known in regional states (spain, italy) but which, nontheless, allows french territorial collectivities (local government) to make political decisions. In the first part, research shows that these collectivities do not have an initial normative power, that is a normative power both "original" (not the result of delegation) and "inconditional" (to be used directly on the base of the constitution). In the second part, the study shows that, as the competence (domaine of action) of local government is materially determined, independent use of normative power may be obtained. Finally the areas in which these collectivities may use their normative power, and the danger of "centralizator judgements", resulting from contentious regulation are envisaged in the third part of this thesis (translation : alison paratt)
Dauba, Caroline. "Le statut de l'élu local entre droits et contraintes." Avignon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AVIG2012.
Full textIn the context of elected roles, this thesis explores the issues surrounding the status of locally elected officials. Examination of accessibility and the exercise of the various elective duties reveals that the rights of elected officials have in fact hardly progressed. The question of remuneraion is at the centre of the debate. Some suggest that currently this is too high for what is in effect a voluntary role and which therefore is overly costly of local democracy. Others the majority, resent the fact that remuneration is often insufficient to compensate the loss of salaried income which arises from the sacrifice of time given over to civil duties. Caught in the cross fire, the level of remuneration is re-evaluated infrequently and all other forms of benefit deriving from the exercising compatible with carrying out normal professional duties (leave of absence, overtime, return to wor. . ), pension benefits or indeed the protection of elected officials in the carrying out of their duties. And because at the same obtaining the right talent is insufficiently rewarded, it is apparent that the total remunerative package awarded to locally elected officials in order to carry out their duties is insufficient. This package relates not only to material benefits but also institutional benefits. In fact, over and above the simple fact of carrying out duties, the question arises over the ability of all elected officials to participate in local issues. The key objective of consultative meetings, is that they are intended to guarantee the right of freedom of information and the right of participation. These rights are inalienable in the context of elected roles, and although the intention is that candidates carry out majority decisions, they seem insufficient to give elected officials the power to oppose a real issue. In parallel with the slow progression of the rights of elected officials, the constraints of office by contrast are in fact increasing. These constraints begin during the candidacy phase. In fact, in order to alleviate the legitimate concern of access to elected functions, the legislative powers have complicated electoral procedure to such a point that recourse to a legal process is more and more frequent and allows now and again a direct contradiction of the decision of the ballot fox. There fire today an electoral campaign can appear to carry certain annoyances in the eyes of the general public, the whole experience is judjed to be time-consuming, sometimes violent in terms of human relations, costly, and legally extremely complex. The problems continue of course well beyond the election itself. To be a locally elected official today means to carry out one's duties under the control of the State - a level of control that influences both actions and people. But without doubt the heaviest weight on the local official is the personal sacrifice in carrying out his duties
Chabellard, Frédéric. "Décentralisation et discipline budgétaire du secteur public local." Pau, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PAUU2002.
Full textThe theory of fiscal federalism has recently recognised the importance of imposing a hard budget constraint to subnational administrations in a multi-tiered government. In the first part, we analyse the financial relationships between central government and subnational governments, and we provide a first survey of the emerging literature on soft budgets in multi-level governments. Then, we analyse the recent experience of developed countries. Applied to the case of French "communes", this theoretical framework leads to point out sources of strategic behaviour that would result from the decentralisation process, should the "péréquation" and fiscal financing of "communes" not be modified. The second part analyses the consequences of tax competition on the budget constraint of private partners (PP) of local authorities. Horizontal tax competition increases commitment capacity and may impose a hard budget constraint to PP. This result leads to overhaul the tax assignment problem. Then the thesis considers different types of financing federal government and shows that the source of financing matters for the status of PP budget constraint. Finally, it is shown that vertical tax competition may lower the commitment capacity of local authorities and then entails a soft budget constraint equilibrium
Ajavon, Ayikoe Emmanuel Bonito William. "Essai sur la France et la coopération décentralisée." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05D013.
Full textThe present study is an essay on France and decentralized cooperation it revolves around two main points which deal with the implications of decentralized cooperation in public law but also the legal dimension of this embryonic international action. This work is required to capture the essence of French decentralized cooperation. This is to show that France has not taken the full measure of this mode of expression of foreign relations of local authorities which he helped develop. This necessitate to highlight the evolution of decentralized cooperation including the study of proto-decentralized cooperation, the antechamber of modern decentralized cooperation. This study examines the adequacy of decentralized cooperation as envisaged by the legislator to present the reality of it to release an operational concept of French decentralized cooperation with innovative and cutting edge designs making general this term the general framework of different types of external actions that communities can lead. Finally, the main originality of this work is its international dimension which means that the external actions of local authorities are not considered solely in terms of states but also in terms of international organizations like the UN. As a result of all that has just been presented we can conclude the existence of a soft power of the French local authorities who comes to marry, combine with the international state
François-Lubin, Bertrand. "Contribution à l'étude des groupements territoriaux." Antilles-Guyane, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AGUY0250.
Full textHouard, Noémie. "Logement social, droit au logement, et mixité : de la mise sur agenda aux pratiques locales." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0009.
Full textBy crossing two approaches, public policy analysis and sociology of local public action, the objective is to identify the categories employed to describe the recipients of social housing, as well as those who are excluded, and to identify the processes and actors, who interfere in their emergence. The thesis reveals that as social housing pauperizes - in the early 1980s -, their administrators seem determined not to appear as simple lodging house keepers of poor people. They develop a strategy to change the image of social housing and participate in the emergence of two categories of local public action - the right to housing and social mixity -. Locally, the categories used to design the beneficiaries of social housing come from a system that impose its norms : those shared by representatives of the cities and the administrators of social housing. Indeed, the norms of occupying social housing are defined by those central actors ; whereas State representatives tighten on the regulation of the system and face difficulties with positioning themselves between their multiple roles. When implemente, the right to housing and the social mix can contradict themselves. The right to housing is applied in a minimal way, where the people in charge find an interest. The question of social mix is only mentioned in poor neighbourhoods, and serves as a major argument to refuse housing to the households judged as "unwanted". This thesis enlightens the rival conceptions of social housing, "universal" and "residual" ; the meaning of right to housing and social mix ; and the modes of regulation of the local public policy
Hastings-Marchadier, Antoinette. "Le regime juridique des contrats d'emprunt des collectivites locales." Nantes, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NANT4018.
Full textThe current legal rules as regards the borrowing of money contracted by the local communities arise from a double process : the decentralization ont he one hand, the liberalisation of credit on the other. Within this legal and financial context, the local communities are progrssively able to diversify their contractuel practices cocnerning loans and thus to strengthen their financial autonomy. However, in order to maintain these advantages, the freedom to contract is to be closely associated with concerns of contractual security
Roubieu, Olivier. "Des cadres gouvernants : les hauts fonctionnaires des collectivités locales." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010252.
Full textIn the study of the process of transformation affecting a profession and those involved, we have shown how the meaning of the profession of urban district secretary-general has undergone a progressive alteration due to the following factors ; the effect of social transformations ; the actions and strategies made possible by these transformations ; the conflicts between agents interested in modifying the image and status of the profession, these conflicts being intensified by the changes in recruiting methods ; the tendency of agents to use themes and a system of reference essential in other sectors of activity (modernization, management, etc. ). As a result, the strategies (partly unconscious) of these high-ranking civil servants of local communities and their objective allies ; (consultants, academics and counciliors) have caused oppositions to harden between large and small communes, between senior and middle management. Likewise these strategies have led to opposition between camps (territorial civil servants againts state civil servants) and structured stakes, in particular that concerning the grand ecole empowered to train the futur executives in question. But such conflicts and competition cannot be dissociated from the morphological transformations of the group (wether they be social, generational or in terms of qualification). Thus, since the end of the seventies, we can notice a clear relation between the elevation of social value attached to these posts and a phenomenon of partial dispossession of those who in the past had acces to these posts by means of individual social promotion. This development of the profession and the morphological structure of the group leads to the diffusion of a management; or entrepreneurial; ideology which in the end appears to be an upgrading of the traditional apolitical discourse. But while local community senior executives use this discourse, they are literally caught in the politics through their career, their daily work and the interactions in which they are constantly involved and above all, through the aims assigned their activities by themselves or by councillors. In other words, the secretary-general takes part in politicallyaimed activities and these political objectives become those of the profession itself
Hinti, Saïd. "Les dynamiques économiques mobilisables par les collectivités locales en faveur de l'emploi." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010063.
Full textThe sustained creation of jobs is at the center of political, economic and social concerns. This issue of the greatest concern to governments at all levels, national or infra-national. Beginning at the local level, our objective in this research is to show how and to what extent the economic dynamics which are available to local government to create economic activity and jobs can be effective. Our theoretical analysis, backed up by field studies based on a varied cross-section of large cities surrounding paris, have come to the following conclusion : job creation cannot result solely from predetermined market mechanisms, but is organized and based on a collective approach. Job creation assumes that local governments have the capacity to implement -with a view to regional development- an innovative approach which ensures the diversification of local systems of production. This occurs in a sphere of structural economic change. This spatial perception of economic development and the finality of employment that it target assumes that all local economic actors be taken into account. This model regional organization, which leads to economic and social regulation is somewhere between a pure market model and the public sector model, takes its inspiration from the properties of meso-territoriality, a form of partnership organization which goes beyond a relationship which is purely based on the market and economic planning