Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Local welfare services'

The thesis investigates the development of family support within one local authority in Scotland and shows that it has emerged from a complex interplay of governmental, philosophical, policy and practice change.

This dissertation investigates the Dutch policy turn towards more volunteering in neighborhood-based welfare services, and its effects on poorer and wealthier urban neighbourhoods. Over the last two decades, various Western European governments have become more attentive and supportive to citizens’ voluntary organisations in the fields of social cohesion, care and emancipation in the neighbourhood. In the UK, the so-called ‘Big Society’ policy frame has become very influential. Inspired by this example, the Dutch national government has expressed that the Dutch welfare state is to transform into a ‘participation society’. The dissertation project empirically tests one of the critiques on the Dutch participation society. This critique holds that deprived urban areas have less potential to self-organize welfare services and that, consequently, the level and quality of welfare services will be lower in these neighborhoods than in richer neighborhoods. Therefore it is feared that more support for welfare self-organisation will eventually exacerbate existing social inequality in the city. The research has consisted of interviews and observations of almost all year-round welfare service providing volunteer groups in four Rotterdam neighbourhoods. This showed that the groups are actually more numerous in the poorer than in the wealthier research neighbourhoods: the deprived areas have twice as many groups. Analysis of all 2014 funding applications to the Rotterdam Resident Initiative fund, also shows that deprived boroughs have more groups than wealthier boroughs. To understand deprived neighbourhoods’ higher number of groups per inhabitant, it proves necessary to look also at self-organization leaders’ motivations for volunteering. My interview data indicate that for many higher educated leaders, volunteering is related to paid work. In the second place, higher educated leaders working in low-income neighbourhoods are quite often ethnic minority volunteers who work to help their own ethnic group. Thirdly, I found that many volunteers are non-working citizens (retired or unemployed) who are motivated by the opportunities for social contact and useful or pleasurable occupation of their leisure time. The motivation perspective helps to explain why more groups were found in the deprived research neighbourhoods: in these areas also more un(der)employed people and ethnic minority communities are present. Furthermore, the research investigates how the socio-economic profile of the neighbourhood influences volunteer groups’ opportunities to acquire material resources they need. It finds that the municipality strongly supports that residents make application to its funding program, especially in the deprived neighbourhoods, but that due to budget cuts this funding is often less generous than before. Together, the empirical data show that the relatively large number of self-organizations in the lower income research neighborhoods is mostly due to higher activation. It also indicates that the services that are self-organised in Rotterdam’s participation society are often well adapted to local welfare needs. At the same time, this self-organised welfare landscape is quite fragmented along ethnic lines and sometimes also class lines. Furthermore, the supply of welfare services is difficult to supervise or steer for local government. Lastly, even though deprived neighborhoods have relatively more welfare service groups, this is still a very small number in absolute terms, and the losses that come with Rotterdam’s participation society policies are most tangible in these areas. They used to have much more state-funded welfare services than the wealthier areas of the city. The fact that these have been largely scaled down in budget cut operations, impacts residents’ daily life more strongly in the deprived than in the wealthier neighbourhoods.

Contemporary policy developments have signalled a shift in emphasis for Local Authorities from service delivery to service commissioning. The Every Child Matters policy agenda identified joint commissioning as an important mechanism for delivering integrated services and better outcomes for children. Taking a case study approach and drawing on literature from the fields of policy implementation and evidence-based policy making this thesis explores the implementation of joint commissioning in one local authority. It examines how different policy actors conceptualise and practice commissioning within a particular organisational and political context. In so doing it illustrates that policy is interpreted and reformulated at a local level, existing as the outcome of a complex set of interactions and ‘negotiated settlements’ between actors that are in part contingent upon the local political and organisational context and in part upon actors’ value systems, epistemological positions and goal interests. Different ways in which commissioning is understood or ‘framed’ are orientated around alternative value systems with respect to accountability and its perceived acceptability as a mechanism of governance for public services. This in turn means that policy actors assign different roles to the forms of evidence with which they identify and construct responses to policy problems. Hence evidence for upwards accountability, principally framed as managerial targets and outputs, prefigures in the priority setting and evaluative ‘stages’ of the commissioning ‘cycle’, whilst appeal to a values base and experiential knowledge take centre stage in formulating local responses to identified priorities. Achieving the rhetorical ideal of evidence-based commissioning is thus compromised not only by the political and institutional context in which this takes place but also by the conceptual challenges this presents to differently situated policy actors.

Individuals employed as social workers in local public welfare agencies in Virginia are not required to have a social work degree or mandated to participate in continuing professional development activities as a condition of their employment. The study employed survey research to investigate Continuing Professional Development (CPD) activities of Social Workers employed in local Departments of Social Services or Welfare in Virginia. Two social work-related focus groups and an expert panel of adult educators helped identify CPD activities used to construct the survey. The resulting twenty (20) CPD activities, used as the dependent variables for the study, were: formal education, mandatory training, voluntary training, supervision, mentoring, coaching, shadowing, formal peer interaction, informal peer interaction, instructing others, instructional development, computer-based learning, work-related teams, professional meetings, professional memberships, professional licensure/certification, testing/ inventories, professional reading, professional writing and critique, and reflective practice. The independent variables, employee characteristics of job class, program/practice area, total years of employment in a local agency, highest level of education, major, and agency class, were also surveyed. A proportionate, stratified random sample, N=330, of social work staff in Virginia's local public welfare agencies was surveyed. The overall response rate was 62.7% (N = 207). For each of the twenty CPD activities, survey respondents were asked whether they had participated in the activity "ever", "within the last 3 years", and , if so, their assessment of the "impact" of the activity on their practice, Significant difi‘erences were found for impact on practice between those who had participated within the last three years in an activity and those who had not. There was statistically significant evidence that there is some association of certain CPD activities with time in the job and with area of practice. Two activities which had some of the highest levels of participation and were identified as contributing to professional development were professional reading and shadowing. Professional writing had the least participation, but a high level of impact for those who do participate. Further study of the relationship of the length of time employed and program/practice area hold some promise for identifying CPD patterns.

The current and social crisis imposes a reflection on the implementation of a new welfare model in order to replace the current structure. This model is not based on public functions only. It needs to take into consideration the family’s value, the profit and non-profit business and, more in general, all the stakeholders. Therefore, a system-based input is required for managing, more efficiently, the ascending demand of new needs. On the other hand, it is crucial to evaluate what would be the cooperation’s role within a context whereby the birth rate, migrating flows and new life expectations will be defining new economic and social balances. It, infact, may represent the key to a renovated and ideal welfare model. Through the comparison of the relationship between cooperation-economic crisis and welfare state model-local welfare policies, this thesis shows up interesting results. Indeed, the cooperative company’s resilience during a high recession period licenses small entrepreneurs to act upon the social and welfare sectors. The cooperatives resilience may be identified with the governance model, that is balancing market logics and social policies.

Recent work has sought to explain the striking variations in municipal hospital provision in the 1930s by quantitative analysis. Such work has not so far provided a hypothesis which satisfactorily explains the range of variations found. This study, grounded in an analysis based on the Advocacy Coalition Framework and the results of three case studies of events in the county boroughs of Plymouth and Exeter and in Devon County Council, uses a qualitative methodology developed by iteration between a deductive approach drawing on recent work and an inductive approach using a computer-assisted analysis of primary source material and proposes a new hypothesis. The hypothesis developed is that where a local authority inherited a Poor Law workhouse as a result of the Local Government Act (1929) development would be more likely to occur in places where councillors exhibited strong progressive beliefs in accountability to the wider community and in their social responsibility towards that community; where they had successful experience of direct hospital provision in other fields; and when they had available a committed entrepreneur able to marshal support for change within the council. In addition to its empirical findings the study contributes to the development of public policy theory by suggesting improvements to the Advocacy Coalition Framework. Such improvements comprise recognition of the importance of ‘deep core’ as well as ‘policy core’ beliefs to policy change, consideration of path dependency as a significant method of policy learning, and of the roles of entrepreneurs and policy brokers. Finally the study draws attention to the relevance of the study to current practice in the implementation of public policy and proposes specifically that local NHS agencies should give greater prominence to identifying and supporting individuals with the skills of policy entrepreneurs.

La tesis realiza una aproximación al sistema organizativo y competencial de los servios sociales de la Cataluña de la postcrisis, a través del modelo de prestación territorial que desde la perspectiva local pone en el centro de gravedad del sistema a la persona. La primera parte se centra en el análisis del marco jurídico internacional, estatal y nacional que configuran el verdadero derecho a los servicios sociales para las ciudadanas y los ciudadanos de Cataluña, en una situación económica y social de postcrisis. Asimismo, se estudia con exhaustividad la distribución de competencias materiales y funcionales en el ámbito de los servicios sociales entre la administración de la Generalitat y los en locales. La segunda parte analiza la arquitectura pública prestacional catalana, donde los entes locales resultan la unidad imprescindible para desarrollar los servicios sociales, en virtud de los principios de universalidad, proximidad y descentralización, consagrados en la Ley 12/2007 de servicios sociales. Esta ley establece el acceso a los servicios sociales para todas las ciudadanas y todos los ciudadanos, lo que podemos interpretar como el nacimiento de un nuevo derecho social. Asimismo, se hace una aproximación a la legislación sectorial con implicaciones para los servicios sociales locales. En la tercera, y última parte, se hace una crítica fundamentada al sistema político y económico de nuestra sociedad, y de su funcionamiento contradictorio. Un sistema que lejos de resultar inclusivo, expulsa a una parte de la ciudadanía, para abocarla a la marginación o la exclusión social, en vez de desplegar políticas valientes para poder erradicar estas situaciones.
La tesi realitza una aproximació al sistema organitzatiu i competencial dels serbis socials de la Catalunya de la postcrisi, a través del model de prestació territorial que des de la perspectiva local posa en el centre de gravetat del sistema a la persona. La primera part se centra en l'anàlisi del marc jurídic internacional, estatal i nacional que configuren el veritable dret als serveis socials per a les ciutadanes i els ciutadans de Catalunya, en una situació econòmica i social de postcrisi. Així mateix, s'estudia amb exhaustivitat la distribució de competències materials i funcionals en l'àmbit dels serveis socials entre l'administració de la Generalitat i els en locals. La segona part analitza l'arquitectura pública prestacional catalana, on els ens locals resulten la unitat imprescindible per a desenvolupar els serveis socials, en virtut dels principis d'universalitat, proximitat i descentralització, consagrats en la Llei 12/2007 de serveis socials. Aquesta llei estableix l'accés als serveis socials per a totes les ciutadanes i tots els ciutadans, la qual cosa podem interpretar com el naixement d'un nou dret social. Així mateix, es fa una aproximació a la legislació sectorial amb implicacions per als serveis socials locals. En la tercera, i última part, es fa una crítica fonamentada al sistema polític i econòmic de la nostra societat, i del seu funcionament contradictori. Un sistema que lluny de resultar inclusiu, expulsa a una part de la ciutadania, per a abocar-la a la marginació o l'exclusió social, en comptes de desplegar polítiques valentes per a poder erradicar aquestes situacions.
The thesis approaches the organizational and competence system in postcrisis Catalonia's social services, through the territorial service model that, from the local perspective, puts the person in the center of gravity of the system. The first part of the thesis focuses on the analysis of the international, state and national legal framework that shapes the true right to social services for the citizens of Catalonia, in a post-crisis economic and social situation. Likewise, the distribution of material and functional competencies in the area of social services between the administration of the Generalitat and the local authorities is studied in detail. The second part analyses the Catalan public service architecture, in which local entities are the essential unit for developing social services, by virtue of the principles of universality, proximity and decentralisation, as enshrined in Law 12/2007 on social services. This law establishes access to social services for all citizens, which can interpret as the rise of a new social right. It also provides an approximation to the sectoral legislation with implications for local social services. In the third part, a well-founded criticism is made of the political and economic system of our society, and of its contradictory functioning. A system that, far from being inclusive, expels a part of the citizenry, in order to marginalize or socially exclude them, instead of deploying courageous policies to eradicate these situations.

Neighbourhood councils are sub-municipal committees which operate within a geographically delimited area of a municipality or a municipal department. Their activities cover a single established policy area such as social services (single functioned committee) or several areas such as education, leisure, and social issues (multi-functioned committee). The thesis includes a comparative analysis of the origin, occurance, and performance of multi-functioned neighbourhood councils in Finland, Norway, and Sweden during the period 1968-1986. In the case of Denmark, the debate is analyzed and the question posed as to why neighbourhood councils were not introduced during this period.It is the interplay between a number of factors which determines how and why neighbourhood councils occur and in some cases endure and are developed further. The countries' traditions and characteristics - such as the size of the public sector and local government's share of it, size of municipalities, and political culture - are important in this context. Increased democracy and greater effectivity were the main aims of the reform and these have been achieved to some extent. The occurance of neighbourhood councils also means that participation, recruitment, articulation of demands, and communication between elector and elected are changed and somewhat improved. Where neighbourhood councils exist, greater consideration is given to geographical (rather than departmental) principles in the distribution and redistribution of services and welfare. Neighbourhood councils are clearly a source of further variation between and within the Nordic countries. It is, however, too early to judge whether the variation within countries will develop into inappropriate deviations from the principal of equal services for all or if they, on the contrary, are indications of greater future responsiveness.
digitalisering@umu

“The truth about stories is that’s all we are.” Thomas King (2003, p.2). This study is a reflective critical narrative by a non-Aboriginal practitioner whose professional practice has been associated with provision of services to Aboriginal children and families. The themes of the study include: my efforts to make meaning and theorize about my practice; illustrations of how Aboriginal epistemologies and worldviews have transformed my practice; and evidence in the literature, supported by my practice experience, that meaningful service change inclusive of ‘place-centered knowledge’ is necessary for transforming child welfare service and service delivery. My narrative draws on: stories and oral accounts of Aboriginal Elders and carriers of local knowledges; families engaged in Aboriginal Family Group Conferences; statements of Aboriginal community leaders and non-Aboriginal human service agency personnel including government officials. Some of the data is represented in the vignettes; from personal reflections of my participation in ceremonial work and Family Group Conference sharing circles. This reflective narrative responds to three questions: first; what knowledge and human service practice elements a non-Aboriginal professional service provider should possess in order to provide an effective service to Aboriginal children and families, second; what are the impacts of re-introducing local knowledge as the foundation upon which an alternative and effective Aboriginal child welfare service delivery system can be achieved, and third; what paradigm shifts in human services are necessary for the professional helping disciplines to become ‘facilitators of’ rather than ‘obstacles to’ changes that are required for the effective delivery of child welfare services to Aboriginal populations? I call for a service change that re-introduces local cultural practices including ceremony, healing, and sacred spiritual practices; and a general shift in relationships between professionals and families from a linear ‘results based’ approach that identifies with professionalism and Eurocentric knowledge to a relational and ‘process based’ connection and communication that is characteristic of Indigenous epistemologies. Such a transformation is necessary in order to engage the collective resources of Aboriginal extended families to help reduce the high rates of Aboriginal children held in Provincial protective care across Canada.

Local authorities were at the forefront of the provision of health services and health service planning before the establishment of the National Health Service (NHS) in Scotland and in Britain more generally in 1948. By 1929 the Local Government Act had consolidated the position of local authorities, who provided a range of hospital services and clinics and carried out public health duties. Furthermore, in Scotland local authorities were influential in the planning of health services. They gave evidence, through their associations and individually, to a range of committees including the Committee on Scottish Health Services in the 1930s and the Committee on Post-War Hospital Problems in Scotland in the 1940s. Yet, despite their centrality in the provision of health services and their influence on future planning, historians such as Morrice McCrae and Jacqueline Jenkinson have paid little attention to local authorities in their histories of the NHS which stress consensus and the domination of the medical profession and organisations. The Department of Health for Scotland (DHS) was also increasing their role within the provision of health services through the administration of the Highlands and Islands Medical Service (HIMS) and the war-time Emergency Medical Service. As a result the DHS believed that effective administration of health services, particularly the hospitals, could only be achieved through centralisation under their authority. This created competition between the DHS and local authorities over the administration of hospitals, the most prestigious part of the health services. This thesis provides evidence to support the view of Charles Webster and Rudolf Klein that conflict within consensus characterised the establishment of the NHS in Britain. The thesis argues that conflict was evident within the Scottish NHS as it was in the NHS in England and Wales. The period between 1939 and 1974 witnessed the slow removal of local authorities from the Scottish NHS, initially through negotiations over policy formation. Policy network theory is utilised in this thesis as a tool to analyse the relationship between the DHS and local authorities. Policy network theory suggests that organisations with bargaining resources can influence policy formation in an area in which they have interests, and the policy formation process does not end with the passing of an Act but continues during the implementation process. On this basis local authorities would be expected to have been in a strong position to influence the NHS (Scotland) Act, 1947 and its implementation. This thesis argues that the DHS created a hierarchical relationship with local authorities which prevented them from influencing the development of the NHS in any significant way. The relationship between the DHS and local authorities was both a partnership and hierarchical, making it difficult for local authorities to oppose the proposals put forward by the DHS, particularly the removal of their hospital services. The local authorities’ acceptance of assurances from the DHS, that the removal of services from their remit was temporary, resulted in an auxiliary role for them in the NHS (Scotland) Act, 1947. The implementation process continued the slow removal of local authorities from the administration and planning of health services. Despite local authorities’ attempts to increase their influence within the NHS, the DHS (later the Scottish Home and Health Department) regarded local authorities as service providers of peripheral health services. Only in the development of their own areas of responsibility were local authorities able to assert any influence, with the caveat that it did not have an impact on any other part of the NHS. Throughout its implementation, the NHS continually encountered problems of co-operation, co-ordination and clarity in division of responsibility throughout its implementation. The DHS tended to resolve these issues in favour of the hospitals and general practitioners, rather than the local authorities. Despite the DHS’ attempt to promote the importance of the local authorities’ role in the NHS through publicity, both the attitude of the DHS and the relatively small proportion of NHS expenditure accounted for by local authorities, led local authorities to see themselves on the periphery of the NHS. The removal of local authorities from the NHS continued in the 1950s and 1960s, encouraged not only by the DHS but also by legislation such as the Social Work (Scotland) Act, 1968, which removed many of their health services including mental health services. In 1960s the Scottish Home and Health Department (SHHD) came to the view that the inherent administrative problems within the NHS could only be removed through reorganisation. Local authorities had little bargaining power left by this stage and although they attempted to reassert their position within the NHS were effectively removed from the negotiating table. The reorganisation of the health services in 1974 achieved both the Department of Health for Scotland’s goal of centralisation and the removal of local authorities from the Scottish health services.

This thesis reports on the first study into the role of self-conscious emotions, namely pride, shame, guilt, humiliation, and embarrassment, in social work practice. Employing a qualitative case study research design, involving the safeguarding service of one local authority, ethnographic constructionist grounded theory methods were used to develop a conceptual understanding of these emotional experiences in the practice of the social workers involved. Integrating data from 246.5 hours of observations, 99 diary entries, 33 assessments written by the social workers, 19 interviews, and 329 pages of documents relating to the organisation, this study analyses the context for these emotional experiences within the case study site, how they were experienced, and their influence on the social workers’ practice. It argues that these emotional experiences are inherently part of practice, influencing what the social workers did and how they did it, which could be manipulated by others to regulate the social workers’ identities so that they acted in institutionally ‘appropriate’ ways. While some social workers felt proud to act in such a manner in some contexts, often resulting in a difficult experience for the parents, most social workers felt constrained, believing they were no longer doing social work, and in some contexts sought to resist the institutional expectations.

碩士
國防大學
財務管理學系
106
This study uses dynamic data envelopment analysis (Dynamic DEA) to measure the performance and relative efficiency of 22 local governments in Taiwan from 2012 to 2016 for the budgetary expenditures of welfare services for the elderly. In addition, are there obvious differences in expenditure efficiency between the municipalities and non-municipalities, between the local governments of the aged society and aging society, and among the local governments of the North, South, East and Outlying Islands？ The results show that 10 local governments, such as Taipei, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Yunlin, Chiayi, Pingtung, Taitung, Penghu, Hsinchu and Chiayi, have better performance, are more friendly and lively citys. There is no significant urban-rural gap between the operating performance of welfare services for the elderly in "municipalities" and "non-municipalities". Local governments in " aged society" performed better than local governments in "aging society". The "Southern" local government performed better than the "Eastern", "Outlying Islands" and "Northern" regions.

The researcher conducted a qualitative study to determine the relationship between Local Government and the welfare organizations in the Eersterust community. In the previous political dispensation Eersterust was a community that was disadvantaged in terms of services by Local Government. Although Local Government is now tasked with a social development responsibility, its role regarding welfare organizations still does not go beyond rendering basic services, such as making premises and recreational facilities available. The research findings indicated that there is no clarity on the relationship; welfare organizations are uncertain of what is expected of them by Local Government and what they can expect from Local Government.
Health Studies
M.A.(Social Science (Mental Health))

Primary health care represents a change from curative approach to preventive approach to rendering health care services. The study analyses the problems encountered in the administration of primary health care in South Africa with specific reference to the Emfuleni Local Authority. The study describes the role of international institutions in the administration of primary health care in South Africa. Furthermore, the historical development, the role of the National Department of Health in the administration of primary health care services is outlined. The study also investigates the role of the Gauteng Provincial Department of Health regarding the implementation of district health system, health promotion, the involvement of the private sector and NGO's in primary health care. Problems encountered by the Emfuleni Local Authority such as lack finance, personnel shartages, security, urbanisation, non-involvement of traditional healers and citizen apathy are investigated. Lastly, governmental relations for primary health care are described.

The Indigency Policy / Programme was introduced by the Tshwane Municipality in 2000 to alleviate poverty by assisting the poor with subsidized limited basic municipal services. The goal of this study was to explore the experiences and views of indigent older persons in Atteridgeville of the Indigency Policy / Programme of the Tshwane Municipality. Limited literature was available on the topic and hence the researcher undertook a qualitative study that was exploratory and descriptive in nature to explore this unknown area. The key recommendations were: There is a need for active involvement and availability of municipal social workers; continuous monitoring, education and evaluation by the municipality for the communities. It was recommended that the Municipality conduct a full scale research on indigents` experience and perceptions/ views of their Indigency Policy / Programme in Tshwane.
Social Work
M. A. (Mental Health)

Developmental local government is regarded as a remedy for the deep-rooted structural socio-economic challenges in South Africa. Many of these challenges are a legacy of apartheid and colonialism, so the ascent to power of a democratic government after the 1994 democratic elections was seen as a watershed for the development of policies and programmes to ameliorate poverty, unemployment and gross inequality. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act, 108 of 1996, positions South Africa as a developmental state (defining developmentalism as a capable state with strong economic growth and professionalized public institutions). The White Paper on Local Government, 1998, was also introduced to mitigate poverty and unemployment. The adoption of a democratic developmental state model that empowers local government, as the coalface of service delivery, was seen as the solution. The developmental trajectory posited by the national government was thus predicated on the efficacy of municipalities. This study therefore explores the success and failure of developmentalism in South Africa, using the Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality as a case study. Analysis and comparison regarding the best model for South Africa was done on the basis of a literature review of international and local studies and official documents and legislation. The review shows that the now defunct developmentalist Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) was adopted in 1994 to address the socio-economic ills associated with colonialism and apartheid, but it was replaced by the neoliberal Growth Employment and Redistribution policy. Most developing countries use East Asia as a template to replicate developmental models. Developmentalism thrived in Asia because these countries are not democratic. However, South Africa is a constitutional democracy, which means that the public and public participation must be taken into consideration in policy-making and decision-making, especially for local government to address local socio-economic problems, particularly those affecting the poor. This was not found to be the case in the Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality, where developmentalism is overshadowed by endemic problems around leadership, patronage and a lack of consultation with the people, leaving their needs largely unmet. Neo-liberal policies, clearly not aligned with developmentalism, have been espoused, so a developmental local government model has not been implemented systematically in the Metro. Recommendations to prioritize truly developmental local economic growth and socio-economic development include extensive training and higher appointment criteria.
Development Studies
M.A. (Development Studies)

MAdmin
Department of Public and Development Administration
The main thrust of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the Public Protector’s office in enhancing ethical conduct: The Case of Vhembe District Municipal Area. After the attainment of democracy in 1994, South Africa established the Public Protector’s office and other institutions to enhance ethical conduct within the public service. Despite the establishment of the Public Protector’s office, ethical challenges remained a big problem to achieve good governance and efficient service delivery to the masses of Vhembe. This study followed a mixed research methods and employed a descriptive case study design with explanatory features characterised by the sequential explanatory model strategy in which the collection and analysis of quantitative data was done, followed by the next phase of collecting and analysing qualitative data. Participants in this study were Public Protector’s officials, Mayors, Municipal Managers, Civic Organizations and the representatives of the private (tendering) companies found in Vhembe. The empirical data were collected through questionnaire and semi-structured interview schedule and analysed using SPSS and thematic (content) analysis. Data collection and analysis followed the objectives of the study as a framework. The major finding of the study is that the Public Protector’s office is not effective enough to enhance ethical conduct due to its inability and lack of constitutional powers to enforce adherence and compliance with its recommendations after conducting investigations. As a result, this renders the Public Protector’s office ineffective and unable to enhance ethical conduct effectively. The study therefore, recommends that the Public Protector’s office needs to be provided with sufficient resources as well as more constitutional powers to enable it to enforce implementation and compliance with its recommendations.
NRF

碩士
中華大學
行政管理學系碩士班
98
Abstract Since the 1980s, all advanced countries the supply of social welfare services, it has emerged a trend of multi-supply. " Government-owned, Privately run " welfare services approach is more susceptible to certain kind of policy for the government and private third-party provision of welfare services model, be regarded as a methond that simultaneously improve efficiency and effectiveness is widely implemented. Hsinchu City Government affected by the impact of the wave, but also in 2003, physically and mentally handicapped welfare service center in Hsinchu City, with Government-owned, Privately run means commissioned by non-governmental organizations based management and the provision of services during the three consecutive years have been assessed for the national Excellence in Ministry of the Interior. Their effectiveness is to obtain the affirmative, showing a future, " Government-owned, Privately run " will be the Hsinchu City Government to promote social welfare services of the main option. This study subject is that the " Government-owned, Privately run" of physically and mentally handicapped, Hsinchu City Service Center of Public Welfare, in addition to the literature and secondary data collation of view. The main source of analytical information, includes the Department for the municipal business units that entrusted with the case, and the main non-governmental organizations to conduct -depth interviews. The opinions obtained to verify the public and private based upon the problems and difficulties faced by the same time, if it has any delegate units is expected to achieve the goal. The study found that a number of key-oriented, that is " Government-owned, Privately run" institutions setting up the process of outsourcing, we must pay attention to information delivery, contract signing, building mutual trust, establish a comprehensive advisory services, with a sound rigorous evaluation methond, as well as related personnel re-education, will affect the" Government-owned, Privately run" institutions set up the results of outsourcing and development. And the other new concept is the implementation of local government social welfare agencies, public and private policy must be set up to establish a " triple alliances." Key Word：Government-owned, Privately run、Physically and Mentally Handicapped’、Social Welfare、Non-profit organization

碩士
南華大學
非營利事業管理學系
100
The collaboration between public and private sectors facilitating the social welfare service delivery to meet the public''s expectations is the common consensus of both sides. The Kaohsiung City Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault Prevention Center and the private social welfare institutions work together to fulfill the spirit of the Domestic Violence Prevention Law as well as to protect the victims'' rights through the establishment of mutual aid network and sharing of resources. 　 　　This study is to explore the service quality effect upon the private social welfare institutions using local resources on the domestic violence through public-private sector collaboration on social welfare service delivery. The objectives of this study as following: 1.The difference of the service quality on domestic violence cases between the public sectors and the private social welfare institutions. 2.The difference of the service quality on domestic violence cases between the public sectors and the private social welfare institutions using local resources. 　 　　The conclusions of this study as following: 1.Kaohsiung City Government regards the domestic violence cases as the important civil services, and accelerates the collaboration between public and private sectors through cooperative networks in order to cope with the abovementioned cases. 2.The delivery system of new triangular welfare service is the main cooperative axis of public sector, which is based on the model of government allocates budget (for personnel expense) to purchase the labor service (social worker manpower) from private sector, then offers the service to the user(victim of domestic violence). 3.The over workload of domestic violence cases result in the leak of service quality due to the lack of evaluation tools on the user satisfaction, and its feedback is in vain. 4.There has no evaluation standard for the mental retarded domestic violence, the correlation of the sickness and domestic violence behavior will affect the treatment planning, and which is worthy for further research. 　 　　The conclusion of this study also finds that the application of public and private resources would promote the service quality of domestic violence cases. It shows that the purpose of service should satisfy the multi demands of the target case. To hope that the conclusions and suggestions of this study could mend the service leaks of domestic violence cases for the public and private sectors.