Relevant bibliographies by topics / Local transit – United States

Academic literature on the topic 'Local transit – United States'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Local transit – United States"

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Fischer, Lauren Ames, Rosalie Singerman Ray, and David A. King. "Who Decides? Toward a Typology of Transit Governance." Urban Science 5, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci5010006.

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This article describes a typology for formal governance structures of public transit in the United States to support inquiry into how organizational structures influence policy making processes, organizational capacity and policy outcomes. Scholarship of public transit has largely explored outcome-based research while paying less attention to how decisions are made. Despite some transport scholarship that shows how institutional characteristics influence financing, power arrangements and public discourse, there has been little recent analysis of governance within public transit systems beyond the regional role of Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs). Using data from multiple sources, we assembled a database of governance structure of transit systems in the largest 40 cities in the United States. We show that the structure of transit decision making has substantial variance across and within cities, and is far from limited to MPOs. The variety of governance models and growth of local and sub-local models suggest that local context is critical for better understanding transit priorities and decision-making processes.
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Liu, Luyu, Harvey J. Miller, and Jonathan Scheff. "The impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on public transit demand in the United States." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (November 18, 2020): e0242476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242476.

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The COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions led to major transit demand decline for many public transit systems in the United States. This paper is a systematic analysis of the dynamics and dimensions of this unprecedented decline. Using transit demand data derived from a widely used transit navigation app, we fit logistic functions to model the decline in daily demand and derive key parameters: base value, the apparent minimal level of demand and cliff and base points, representing the initial date when transit demand decline began and the final date when the decline rate attenuated. Regression analyses reveal that communities with higher proportions of essential workers, vulnerable populations (African American, Hispanic, Female, and people over 45 years old), and more coronavirus Google searches tend to maintain higher levels of minimal demand during COVID-19. Approximately half of the agencies experienced their decline before the local spread of COVID-19 likely began; most of these are in the US Midwest. Almost no transit systems finished their decline periods before local community spread. We also compare hourly demand profiles for each system before and during COVID-19 using ordinary Procrustes distance analysis. The results show substantial departures from typical weekday hourly demand profiles. Our results provide insights into public transit as an essential service during a pandemic.
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Lambert, Thomas E., Hokey Min, and Kyle Dorriere. "The impact of urban sprawl on journey to work times for mass transit and all other commuters in the United States: A research note." Journal of Transportation Management 26, no. 2 (January 1, 2016): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22237/jotm/1451606700.

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As government budgets get tighter, there has been considerable public outcry about the continued investment in public mass transit systems and their financial viability. Amid this outcry, a number of studies have been conducted to determine which factors influence the use and efficiency of publiclyfunded mass transit systems. These factors include population density and less sprawl (or greater urban compactness). However, their impact on mass transit usage is somewhat contradictory in that the heavy concentration of populations in the urban area and greater compactness is believed to increase mass transit usage due to a bigger number of potential passengers. In fact, greater compactness and greater transit ridership have played a role in lengthening the journey to work for most commuters and thus discouraged the use of mass transit systems. Thus, some questioned the wisdom of mass transit subsidies and “smart growth” policies. To attempt to answer this question and avoid any further confusion, this paper examines how urban sprawl affects the journey to work commute time of mass transit riders and other commuters throughout the United States after controlling for variables such as the volume of ridership, local per capita income, the presence of a local rail transit system, and local weather. The findings for this research note defy some conventional wisdom and point to several public policy recommendations on how to improve public mass transit at the local level. For instance, we find that greater urban compactness can be turned into a mass transit advantage if mass transit riders can use a commuter rail option.
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Espinosa, Judith M., Eric F. Holm, and Mary E. White. "Creating Intelligent, Coordinated Transit." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1927, no. 1 (January 2005): 138–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105192700116.

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New Mexico is among the first states in the United States to develop, implement, and deploy contactless, smart card technology in a rural area. The Alliance for Transportation Research Institute, working with the New Mexico Department of Transportation's Public Transportation Programs Bureau, developed the Intelligent, Coordinated Transit (ICTransit) smart card technology and the Client, Referral, Ridership, and Financial Tracking (CRRAFT) software. The U.S. Department of Transportation's FTA–FHWA Joint Program Office provided federal funding for the project. The ICTransit smart card functions as a universal use electronic fare card, enabling passengers to transfer between transit providers to access jobs, education, and health care beyond their local rural communities. ICTransit's Global Positioning System receiver and Pocket PC capture the time and location that passengers board and exit the vehicle and the passenger miles traveled on the vehicle. The CRRAFT software system for express scheduling, automatic generation of monthly financial reports, and onboard tracking of ridership provides increased efficiency in rural areas. The ICTransit system with CRRAFT can overcome barriers to coordinated interagency transportation and provide increased access and mobility to all, but especially to those underserved by public transportation. ICTransit with CRRAFT can empower states to build coordinated transportation networks that provide safe and seamless movement of people and enhance the quality of life.
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Howland, Renata E., Nicholas R. Cowan, Scarlett S. Wang, Mitchell L. Moss, and Sherry Glied. "Public transportation and transmission of viral respiratory disease: Evidence from influenza deaths in 121 cities in the United States." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): e0242990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242990.

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One important concern around the spread of respiratory infectious diseases has been the contribution of public transportation, a space where people are in close contact with one another and with high-use surfaces. While disease clearly spreads along transportation routes, there is limited evidence about whether public transportation use itself is associated with the overall prevalence of contagious respiratory illnesses at the local level. We examine the extent of the association between public transportation and influenza mortality, a proxy for disease prevalence, using city-level data on influenza and pneumonia mortality and public transit use from 121 large cities in the United States (US) between 2006 and 2015. We find no evidence of a positive relationship between city-level transit ridership and influenza/pneumonia mortality rates, suggesting that population level rates of transit use are not a singularly important factor in the transmission of influenza.
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Pasha, Obed, and Theodore H. Poister. "The Impact of Performance Management Under Environmental Turbulence." American Review of Public Administration 49, no. 4 (November 27, 2018): 441–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0275074018814245.

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Performance management is an established concept in the public sector, with several empirical studies supporting its beneficial impact on organizational performance. Research on performance management, however, is still in initial stages and mostly examines the impact of this practice under stable environmental conditions. This study adds to the literature by analyzing the effect of this system on performance of local transit agencies in a turbulent environment characterized by the Great Recession and its aftermath. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on survey responses from 162 local transit agencies in the United States is used to extract the four components of performance management, namely, formal strategic planning, logical incrementalism, performance measurement, and performance information use. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis shows that an independent use of formal strategic planning and logical incrementalism has a negative impact on organizational performance under turbulence. Performance measurement and a blend of formal strategic planning and logical incrementalism, however, show a positive impact.
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JYOTI, L. M., and SANJIB SEN. "On the transit of Venus 2012: Method of computation for prediction of contact timings." MAUSAM 63, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v63i1.1460.

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Transit of Venus over the solar disc is an extremely rare event. The phenomenon occurred last time on June 8, 2004 when the entire event was visible from all parts of India. Another Transit of Venus is going to occur on June 6, 2012, though the entire event will not be visible from India. The Positional Astronomy Centre publishes data on Transit of Mercury and Venus in its annual publication ‘The Indian Astronomical Ephemeris’. In this paper an attempt has been made to provide documentation on the methodology for computation of contact timings of the event. Using the methodology, the geocentric contact timings and local contact timings for important places of India for the event of Transit of Venus of June 6, 2012 have been predicted. The result thus obtained for different geocentric phases of the event has been compared with the predicted timings published by The Nautical Almanac Office, United States Naval Observatory and NASA.
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Bess, Michael K. "‘Neither motorists nor pedestrians obey the rules’: Transit law, public safety, and the policing of Northern Mexico’s roads, 1920s–1950s." Journal of Transport History 37, no. 2 (August 1, 2016): 155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022526616654700.

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In the first half of the twentieth century, Mexican authorities implemented transit laws to regulate motor traffic and address concerns about road safety. The northern city of Monterrey, Nuevo León serves as a case study for this process. Monterrey’s location at the junction of two major national highways, as well as its proximity to the United States, made it an important site for cross-border trade and tourism. Local officials in Monterrey developed US-inspired rules to modernise traffic patterns and bolster tourism. This essay examines how state authorities in Nuevo León coped with an influx in regional motor traffic, passing transit laws that reflected ideological priorities in favour of US-style economic development and technological modernisation.
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Siddiq, Auyon, Christopher S. Tang, and Jingwei Zhang. "Partnerships in Urban Mobility: Incentive Mechanisms for Improving Public Transit Adoption." Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 24, no. 2 (March 2022): 956–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/msom.2021.0987.

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Problem definition: Because of a prolonged decline in public transit ridership over the last decade, transit agencies across the United States are in financial crisis. To entice commuters to travel by public transit instead of driving personal vehicles, municipal governments must address the “last-mile” problem by providing convenient and affordable transportation between a commuter’s home and a transit station. This challenge raises an important question: Is there a cost-effective mechanism that can improve public transit adoption by solving the last-mile problem? Academic/practical relevance: In this paper, we present and analyze two incentive mechanisms for increasing commuter adoption of public transit. In a direct mechanism, the government provides a subsidy to commuters who adopt a “mixed mode,” which involves combining public transit with hailing rides to/from a transit station. The government funds the subsidy by imposing congestion fees on personal vehicles entering the city center. In an indirect mechanism, instead of levying congestion fees, the government secures funding for the subsidy from the private sector. We examine the implications of both mechanisms on relevant stakeholders. These two mechanisms are especially relevant because several jurisdictions in the United States have begun piloting incentive programs, in which commuters receive subsidies for ride-hailing trips that begin or end at a transit station. Methodology: We present a game-theoretic model to capture the strategic interactions among five self-interested stakeholders (commuters, public transit agency, ride-hailing platform, municipal government, and local private enterprises). Results: By examining equilibrium outcomes, we obtain three key findings. First, we characterize how the optimal interventions associated with the direct or the indirect mechanism depend on: (a) the coverage level of the public transit network; (b) the public transit adoption target; and (c) the relative strength of commuter preferences between driving and taking public transit. Second, we show that the direct mechanism cannot be budget-neutral without undermining commuter welfare. However, when the public transit adoption target is not too aggressive, we find that the indirect mechanism can increase both commuter welfare and sales to the private-sector partner while remaining budget-neutral. Finally, we show that, although the indirect mechanism restricts the scope of government intervention (by eliminating the congestion fee), it can dominate the direct mechanism by leaving all stakeholders better off, especially when the adoption target is modest. Managerial implications: Our findings offer cost-effective prescriptions for improving urban mobility and public transit ridership.
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Lederman, Jaimee, Anne Brown, Brian D. Taylor, and Martin Wachs. "Lessons Learned from 40 Years of Local Option Transportation Sales Taxes in California." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 4 (June 30, 2018): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118782757.

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Jurisdictions across the United States have increasingly turned to local option sales taxes, or LOSTs, to fund transportation projects and programs. California is an enthusiastic adopter of these measures; since 1976, residents in over half of the state’s 58 counties have voted on 76 LOST measures. As of 2017, 24 counties, home to 88% of the state’s population, have LOST measures in place. Many counties have enacted multiple measures, with passage rates especially high among renewal and follow-on measures. This research is the first comprehensive analysis of LOST measures; drawing on measure expenditure plans to determine the range and frequency of transportation projects and services funded. This detailed review of expenditure plans across dozens of urban, suburban, and rural California counties offers insight on these measures and the projects and programs they fund. Overall, this study finds that LOSTs are heterogeneous, often including something for nearly every interest group. Almost all of the measures studied dedicate funding to a mix of transportation modes, including highways, public transit, local road maintenance, and active transportation. Expenditures on particular modes vary, reflecting transportation geography across counties. On average, 60% of LOST expenditures in California fund road projects and over 30% are allocated to public transit. Measures often dedicate a substantially larger share of revenue to transit relative to transit’s mode share. Finally, LOSTs typically appeal to diverse local interests by returning a portion of revenues to local jurisdictions to address local priority projects.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Local transit – United States"

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Campo, Carlos. "Bus rapid transit: theory and practice in the United States and abroad." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37089.

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Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) is a relatively new mode with a wide range of applications that are still not well understood. Its explosive growth in developing and developed countries has increased its exposure but has led to mostly experimental implementation with mixed results. Therefore, better understanding about the reasons behind BRT implementation success and shortcomings is needed. The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the state of BRT planning under different contexts by assessing how background theory and practical implementation of BRT systems compare. The scope is limited to current a detailed evaluation of 13 case studies in the United States, Canada, Australia, Mexico, Brazil, Colombia, and Ecuador chosen to represent some of the most succesful and established systems in the world. Data was obtaiend from previous research as well as direct reporting from agencies. The evaluation is performed through qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative methods classify BRT systems by characteristics and assess the relationship between their implementation and performance using the criteria defined in the literature. Quantitative methods build upon the previous analysis to more precisely assess their performance from both the users' and the transit providers' perspectives. This research found that BRT as a public transit mode has a large room of improvement in terms of design and implementation, since there is a significant variability in performance under similar conditions and a considerable gap between planning best practices and implementation. Also, that planning guidelines are still in an early stage of development and difer in scope and application to a particular context. It also found that its success is not conscribed to developing countries, but that its wide range of applications need to be better adapted to the context they should serve. The findings are significant because they dispel myths about the real potential of BRT and partially identify the reasons behind successes and failures of current systems, such as understimation of implementation times and lack of knowledge about component integration. Further research should approach these issues mainly in two complementary directions. First, it should focus on expanding the case study approach to the newer systems in operation once better data is available. Second,it should further advance the development of theoretical framwork for better operational design based on urban form, as well as an evaluation framework that puts more emphasis on user experience and sustainability. Finally, the findings reinforce that BRT is a distinct mode so that systems that do not meet its criteria should not be named as such.
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Scott, Marc Angus. "Developing Input to “Best-Value” Vehicle Procurement Practice: An Analysis of Supplier Evaluation and Selection in the U.S. Public Transportation Industry." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29321.

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Collectively, US public transportation systems operated 137,047 vehicles per peak period in 2008 (American Public Transportation Association 2010). Buses accounted for the largest segment among these vehicles, and the passenger van segment was second. Together, they accounted for 78% of the vehicles operated per peak period (American Public Transportation Association 2010). Due to their pervasive use in the public transportation industry, buses and vans have been the focus in various academic research studies. However, very few studies have focused on vehicle procurement. Further, none have focused on the specific vehicle procurement function of supplier evaluation and selection. The over-arching objective of this research is to gain a deeper understanding of the relative importance of vehicle supplier attributes in reference to the Federal Transit Administration's (FTA) “best-value” procurement initiative and the influence of these attributes on the evaluation and selction of bus and van suppliers. This research studies vehicle procurement decision-makers at public transportation agencies to determine which supplier attributes they perceive to be the most important when evaluating vehicle suppliers. Results indicate that the top five supplier attributes were quality, reliability, after-sales support, warranties and claims, and integrity. The order of these top five attributes changed according to the type of supplier being evaluated, i.e., conventional fuel vehicle supplier versus alternative fuel vehicle supplier. The reason for this change was explained as being due to the increased engineering and technological expertise required of alternative fuel vehicle suppliers. Utilizing Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), the research showed that the variation in the perception of the importance of particular supplier attributes was not generally influenced by an agency's urban classification, its vehicle fleet size, its capital expenditure level, its decision-makers' education level, or their years of experience. However, FTA region was determined to have an influence on two attributes. Utilizing a conditional logit discrete choice model, the research also found that in practice price and not quality had the highest parameter estimate and was therefore deemed most important. It was followed by quality, after-sales support, technical capability, and delivery. Further, to garner a deeper understanding of attributes' relative importance, participants in the research identified 41 attribute components and provided metrics by which to measure these components and, by extension, the attributes. This research contributes in four areas. These are government procurement initiatives, agency “best-value” procurement practice, vehicle supplier marketing, and academic research in supplier evaluation and selection in the public transportation industry.
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Ziemke, Dominik. "Comparison of high-speed rail systems for the United States." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37286.

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After decades of standstill in intercity passenger rail in the United States, the Obama administration recently started major initiatives to implement high-speed ground transportation projects that are expected to improve the nation's transportation system significantly, addressing most prevailing issues like congestion and energy prices while having positive effects on the economy. This study evaluates and compares two high-speed ground transportation systems that have the potential to improve intercity passenger transportation in the United States significantly: the wheel-on-rail high-speed system and the high-speed maglev system. Both high-speed ground transportation systems were evaluated with respect to 58 characteristics organized into 7 categories associated with technology, environmental impacts, economic considerations, user-friendliness, operations, political factors, and safety. Based on the performance of each system in each of the 58 characteristics, benefit values were assigned. In order to weight the relative importance of the different characteristics, a survey was conducted with transportation departments and transportation professionals. The survey produced weighting factors scoring each of the 58 characteristics and the 7 categories. Applying a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) approach, the overall utility values for either system were calculated based on the benefit values from the systems comparison and the weighting factors from the survey. It was shown that the high-speed maglev system is generally slightly superior over the wheel-on-rail high-speed system. Because the magnitude of the difference in the overall performance of both transportation systems is not very big, it is recommended that every project in the high-speed intercity passenger transportation market consider both HSGT systems equally.
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Dunning, Anne Elizabeth. "Transit for National Parks and Gateway Communities : impacts and guidance." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 2005. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11192004-163050/unrestricted/dunning%5Fanne%5Fe%5F200505%5Fphd.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005.
Rodgers, Michael O, Committee Member ; Contant, Cheryl, Committee Member ; Steinemann, Anne, Committee Member ; Amekudzi, Adjo, Committee Member ; Meyer, Michael D, Committee Chair. Includes bibliographical references.
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Swiantek, Kirk M. "Stock in-transit : why we have it, why it matters." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Jun%5FSwiantek.pdf.

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Gordon, Michael A. "Funding Urban Mass Transit in the United States." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1844.

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Thesis advisor: Richard, S.J. McGowan
As urbanized areas have grown across the United States, roads have quickly developed with them. Yet many cities have developed this infrastructure at the cost of failing to adequately fund urban mass transit, in spite of the important services it provides for the poor, commuters, and the environment. Consequently, many urban mass transit systems have struggled with deficits, increased fares, and reduced service. This study examines six major systems in the United States and analyzes data from these systems to provide policy recommendations regarding urban mass transit funding
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Economics Honors Program
Discipline: College Honors Program
Discipline: Economics
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Glock, Earl Ferdinand. "The Rise of Modern Richmond and the Fall of Electric Transit." W&M ScholarWorks, 2009. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626601.

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Ryburn-LaMonte, Terri Simms L. Moody. "Route 66, 1926 to the present the road as local history /." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9960423.

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Thesis (D.A.)--Illinois State University, 1999.
Title from title page screen, viewed July 28, 2006. Dissertation Committee: L. Moody Simms (chair), M. Paul Holsinger, Dolores Kilgo, Lawrence W. McBride. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 333-346) and abstract. Also available in print.
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McBurney, Andrew Patrick. "A glimpse of Bike-n-Bus: an exploratory survey of the United States." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43705.

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Bike-n-Bus includes any number of methods where bicycle serves as the access mode to some form of bus transit. This study examines bike-n-bus operations in the United States based on telephone interviews with transit professionals from 33 transit agencies across the lower 48 states. It reviews past trends in research and gives some history of bike-n-bus in the U.S. and abroad. A brief explanation of methodology is followed by a description of the various facets of U.S. bike-n-bus operations, based on both interviews and the literature, with commentary by survey respondents. The study ends with a long term vision for bike-n-bus based on the characteristics of that mode-couple. Conclusions are addressed to various audiences: transit agency, community leader/ policy maker, and researcher. Included are suggestions for possible next steps in research and implementation. These findings would be of interest to those studying transit and bicycle travel, developing travel demand models, managing a transit agency, or those with influence over bicycle policy and infrastructure. Most transit agencies have installed front-mounted bicycle racks on their entire bus fleet, and expressed satisfaction that the amenity accommodates bicyclists. However, agencies have made only moderate efforts to follow-up on this success. Studies suggest that cycling to transit can be competitive with the private automobile in journey-to-work trips and attracts new riders to transit. Better bicycling infrastructure is the most significant way to increase the number of bike-n-bus riders. However, transit agencies seem reluctant to support these improvements.
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Genuth, Joel. "The local origins of United States national science policy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11299.

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Books on the topic "Local transit – United States"

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Bernick, Michael. The new emphasis on transit-based housing throughout the United States. Berkeley: University of California at Berkeley, Institute of Urban and Regional Development, National Transit Access Center, 1992.

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Cervero, Robert. Transit joint development in the United States. Berkeley, Calif. (316 Wurster Hall, Berkeley 94720): University of California at Berkeley, Institute of Urban and Regional Development, 1992.

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Ferguson, Erik. Transportation management associations in the United States: Final report. Washington, D.C: Technology Sharing Program, U.S. Dept. of Transportation [distributor, 1992.

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Office, General Accounting. Federal Transit Administration grant management. Washington, D.C: U.S. General Accounting Office, 1992.

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United States. Federal Transit Administration. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration: Strategic plan, 1998-2002. [Washington, D.C. (400 Seventh St., S.W., Washington 20590): The Administration, 1998.

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United States. Government Accountability Office. Public transportation: Opportunities exist to improve the communication and transparency of changes made to the new starts program : report to congressional committees. Washington, D.C: GAO, 2005.

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United States. Federal Transit Administration. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration: Strategic plan, 1998-2002. [Washington, D.C. (400 Seventh St., S.W., Washington 20590): The Administration, 1998.

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United States. Federal Transit Administration. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration: Strategic plan, 1998-2002. [Washington, D.C. (400 Seventh St., S.W., Washington 20590): The Administration, 1998.

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United States. Federal Transit Administration. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration: Strategic plan, 1998-2002. [Washington, D.C. (400 Seventh St., S.W., Washington 20590): The Administration, 1998.

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U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration: Strategic plan, 1998-2002. [Washington, D.C. (400 Seventh St., S.W., Washington 20590): The Administration, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Local transit – United States"

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Stein, H. "The United States Economy in Transition." In Trade in Transit, 111–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7735-9_10.

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Schulz, Mary, Eric Scorsone, and Simone Valle de Souza. "United States of America." In Local Governments' Financial Vulnerability, 85–92. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003274278-10.

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Savitch, Hank V., and Ronald K. Vogel. "The United States: executive-centred politics." In Comparing Local Governance, 211–27. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-21242-8_13.

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Anderson, C. W. "Local Journalism in the United States." In The Routledge Companion to Local Media and Journalism, 141–48. London; New York: Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351239943-17.

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Wolman, Harold. "Theories of Local Democracy in the United States." In Rethinking Local Democracy, 158–73. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24756-1_8.

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Williams, Anthony. "Washington, DC: Restoring the Capital of the United States." In The Local Alternative, 91–94. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230119642_6.

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Schwartz, Alex F. "State and Local Housing Policy and the Nonprofit Sector." In Housing Policy in the United States, 238–76. 4th ed. Fourth edition. | New York, NY : Routledge Books, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003097501-9.

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Clark, J. Spencer. "The Context of Civic Education in the United States Around 1900." In Local Civics with National Purpose, 17–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65581-5_3.

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Fennelly, Katherine. "Local Responses to Immigrants in the Midwestern United States." In Majority Cultures and the Everyday Politics of Ethnic Difference, 94–113. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230582644_6.

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Ali, Christopher. "The Death of Broadcast Localism in the United States." In The Routledge Companion to Local Media and Journalism, 83–92. London; New York: Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351239943-10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Local transit – United States"

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Barbosa, Fábio C. "Automated People Mover Technology Review - A Mobility Tool for Large Capacity Airports and Connecting Transit Systems." In 2022 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2022-78132.

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Abstract The Automated People Mover (APM) technology has been systematically used to handle increasing airport local passenger demands and for connecting transit systems, into short rides, with medium capacity vehicles (up to 300 passengers per ride), short headways (up to 60 seconds), and, hence, with a high service level. The APM technology enables the use of the decentralized passenger terminals layout, required for large capacity airports, in order to ensure its operational feasibility, through the safe integration of remote located passenger concourses, as well as assuring reasonable walking distances (up to 300m/1,000 ft) to both airport terminals (passenger boarding, transfers and connections), parking facilities and transit system connections. The APM can be classified as an advanced transportation system, which uses driverless automated, operating on fixed guideways (single or multicar trains) along an exclusive right-of-way (RoW), on steel or concrete guideways, with capacities ranging from 1,000 to 16,000 passengers per hour direction (pphd), with the ability to operate in an on demand mode, especially during off-peak hours, to minimize the energy used, as well as a ride quality comparable with the best of any transit system. The APM vehicles are electric-powered, rubber tired, steel wheeled or air cushion suspended, as well as tractioned by onboard electric motors, drawn by cables or pneumatically driven, with different guiding, switching, and control concepts, depending on the technology adopted. The APM technology was firstly implemented in the United States (U.S.), at the Tampa International Airport, in the early 70’s, followed by other systems in other U.S. and North American airports, as a tool to address the increasing walking distances, caused by the passenger terminals growing, required to accommodate the large passenger traffic. In the late 80’s and early 90’s, the APM technology was also introduced in Asia and Europe for both airports and amusement parks, while in the early 2000’s, in Latin America, for both airports and transit systems. This work presents an overview of the APM technology, in a review format, based on the available technical literature, followed by an assessment of the APM’s technical and operational features, associated with the different technologies. It also reports some case studies of the main APM systems worldwide and ongoing projects to be implemented.
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Mandell, S. M., S. P. Andrew, and B. Ross. "A Survey of the History of Transit Buses in the United States." In SAE International Truck and Bus Meeting and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/892517.

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Richardson, Jr., Jesse J. "Local Land Use Regulation of Karst in the United States." In Ninth Multidisciplinary Conference on Sinkholes and the Engineering and Environmental Impacts of Karst. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40698(2003)45.

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Shaw, J. Richard, Kris Sigurdson, Ue-Li Pen, Albert Stebbins, and Michael Sitwell. "Analysing transit telescopes with the m-mode formalism." In 2014 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/usnc-ursi-nrsm.2014.6928117.

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Omaki, E., W. Shields, R. Rousch, A. Collier, and S. Frattaroli. "0078 Understanding Implementation of Child Death Reviews in the United States Understanding Implementation of Child Death Reviews in the United States." In Injury and Violence Prevention for a Changing World: From Local to Global: SAVIR 2021 Conference Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2021-savir.55.

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Katz, Jonathan S., Lev G. Feldkhun, and Fred S. Teeboom. "Towards a Unified Local Area Network Architecture for the United States Air Force." In MILCOM 1985 - IEEE Military Communications Conference. IEEE, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/milcom.1985.4794963.

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Chen, T., H. Spiller, J. Badeti, A. Funk, M. Zhu, and G. Smith. "0028 Methamphetamine exposures reported to United States poison control centers, 2000–2019." In Injury and Violence Prevention for a Changing World: From Local to Global: SAVIR 2021 Conference Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2021-savir.14.

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Gailey, Nicole, and Noman Rasool. "Pipeline Diagnostics With Ultrasonic Meters." In 2016 11th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2016-64193.

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Canada and the United States have vast energy resources, supported by thousands of kilometers (miles) of pipeline infrastructure built and maintained each year. Whether the pipeline runs through remote territory or passing through local city centers, keeping commodities flowing safely is a critical part of day-to-day operation for any pipeline. Real-time leak detection systems have become a critical system that companies require in order to provide safe operations, protection of the environment and compliance with regulations. The function of a leak detection system is the ability to identify and confirm a leak event in a timely and precise manner. Flow measurement devices are a critical input into many leak detection systems and in order to ensure flow measurement accuracy, custody transfer grade liquid ultrasonic meters (as defined in API MPMS chapter 5.8) can be utilized to provide superior accuracy, performance and diagnostics. This paper presents a sample of real-time data collected from a field install base of over 245 custody transfer grade liquid ultrasonic meters currently being utilized in pipeline leak detection applications. The data helps to identify upstream instrumentation anomalies and illustrate the abilities of the utilization of diagnostics within the liquid ultrasonic meters to further improve current leak detection real time transient models (RTTM) and pipeline operational procedures. The paper discusses considerations addressed while evaluating data and understanding the importance of accuracy within the metering equipment utilized. It also elaborates on significant benefits associated with the utilization of the ultrasonic meter’s capabilities and the importance of diagnosing other pipeline issues and uncertainties outside of measurement errors.
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Allison, Edith. "United States Experience Regulating Unconventional Oil and Gas Development." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2573582-ms.

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ABSTRACT In the midst of aggressive anti-drilling campaigns by environmental organizations and well-publicized complaints by citizens unaccustomed to oil and gas operations, rigorous studies of unconventional oil and gas development show that there are no widespread or systemic impacts on drinking water resources in the United States. In addition, air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions have significantly declined with the growth in natural gas production and its use in power generation. Furthermore, induced seismicity from subsurface waste disposal has plummeted in response to industry initiatives and new regulations. This record of environmental protection reflects the fact that U.S. hydraulic fracturing, like other oil and gas operations, is highly regulated by the states. In addition, air emissions, operations on federal lands, and subsurface injection are subject to federal regulation. Academic and government researchers have documented that chemicals and gas produced by hydraulic fracturing are not contaminating drinking water. However, as an added complication, methane occurs naturally in drinking water aquifers in some producing areas. In 2015, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) completed a four-year study of potential aquifer contamination from hydraulic fracturing and associated industry operations. The report found some impacts on drinking water including contamination of drinking water wells; however, the number of cases was small compared to the number of wells hydraulically fractured. The scientific peer-review and public critique of the study, which continues after more than a year, may recommend additional research. The emotionally charged, anti-fracking campaigns provided important lessons to U.S. operators: pre-drilling, baseline data on water and air quality are essential to answering public concerns; infrastructure issues such as increased truck traffic on small, local roads are important to residents; and the initial failure to disclose the composition of hydraulic fracturing fluid intensified public concern.
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Manko, J. "Laboratories of democracy: the collision of federal and local global warming policy in the United States." In RAVAGE OF THE PLANET 2006. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/rav060061.

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Reports on the topic "Local transit – United States"

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Agrawal, Asha Weinstein, Serena Alexander, and Ashley M. Hooper. Understanding COVID-19’s Impact on Local Transportation Revenue –A Mid-Crisis View from Experts. Mineta Transportation Institute, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.1938b.

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When COVID-19 swept into the United States in early 2020, it upended two patterns of behavior critical to transportation funding: how people traveled and where economic activity occurred. This study explored how, one year into the pandemic, experts in California believed that the COVID-19 pandemic was impacting local transportation budgets. We interviewed 34 funding experts who represented local transportation and public works departments, state officials, and municipal finance experts. In these conversations, conducted from December 2020 to March 2021, we asked interviewees how they saw COVID-19 impacting their overall local transportation budgets in the short and long term as well as which specific revenue sources were particularly effected. Key findings were as follows: the transportation revenue impacts from COVID-19 varied greatly by place, mode, and type of local government; public transit was the mode that experienced the most drastic change in transportation revenues; federal coronavirus relief funds allowed essential services to continue through the pandemic; the shift to telework had an enormous impact on transportation budgets by changing the location of taxable activities and thus reallocating revenue differently across local jurisdictions; and COVID-19 spotlighted long-term challenges with both motor fuel taxes and the distribution of sales tax from online purchases.
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Albouy, David, Alex Chernoff, Chandler Lutz, and Casey Warman. Local Labor Markets in Canada and the United States. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25709.

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Eudy, L., and M. Gifford. Challenges and Experiences with Electric Propulsion Transit Buses in the United States. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15005817.

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Auerbach, Alan, Yuriy Gorodnichenko, and Daniel Murphy. Local Fiscal Multipliers and Fiscal Spillovers in the United States. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25457.

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Soto Padin, David. Exploring the Relationship of Bikeshare and Transit in the United States of America. Portland State University, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/ccemp.51.

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Boustan, Leah Platt, Fernando Ferreira, Hernan Winkler, and Eric Zolt. Income Inequality and Local Government in the United States, 1970-2000. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16299.

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Haines, Michael, and Robert Margo. Railroads and Local Economic Development: The United States in the 1850s. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w12381.

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Bartik, Timothy J., and Nathan Sotherland. Local Job Multipliers in the United States: Variation with Local Characteristics and with High-Tech Shocks. W.E. Upjohn Institute, April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17848/wp19-301.

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Haines, Michael. A State and Local Consumer Price Index for the United States in 1890. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/h0002.

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Autor, David, David Dorn, and Gordon Hanson. The China Syndrome: Local Labor Market Effects of Import Competition in the United States. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18054.

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