Journal articles on the topic 'Local provenance'
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Ye, Terrance Z., and K. J. S. Jayawickrama. "Geographic Variation and Local Growth Superiority for Coastal Douglas-fir – Rotation-age Growth Performance in a Douglas-fir Provenance Test." Silvae Genetica 63, no. 1-6 (December 1, 2014): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sg-2014-0016.
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Abstract Rotation-age growth performance of 16 provenances and local growth superiority were assessed from a rotation- age reciprocal coastal Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] provenance test established in the Pacific Northwest of America. Provenance differences for total volume per plot were highly significant. Due to the significant provenance × site interaction effect, the best provenances varied across planting sites in terms of rotation-age volume growth. Local provenance trees exhibited superior volume growth at two of the six planting sites. At the remaining four sites, local provenances performed equally well as average non-local provenances. At the three low-elevation (< 460 m) sites, low-elevation provenances performed significantly better than high-elevation provenances. By contrast, high- and low-elevation provenances had similar growth at the two high-elevation (> 800 m) sites. Southern provenances generally grew faster than northern provenances at the Oregon sites, while northern provenances performed better than southern provenances at the sites in British Columbia. Regression analyses showed that although local growth superiority increased with the geographic distance between provenance’s origin and the test site in general (r=0.47, P<0.001), it only became obvious when the geographic distance is larger than 435 km in latitude or 370 m in elevation. Significant spatial autocorrelation was found via Mantel test, and geographically or climatically closely located provenances tended to have similar rotation-age volume growth. The results suggested that breeding zones larger than the current second-cycle zones would lead to little loss of rotation-age total volume for coastal Douglas-fir in this region.
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Savva, Yu V., F. H. Schweingruber, E. A. Vaganov, and L. I. Milyutin. "INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGES ON TREE-RING CHARACTERISTICS OF SCOTS PINE PROVENANCES IN SOUTHERN SIBERIA (FOREST-STEPPE)." IAWA Journal 24, no. 4 (2003): 371–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000342.
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Scots pine provenances from all over Russia planted in 1964 at the forest- steppe zone were analyzed. Eight tree-ring characteristics from 12 different provenances were measured densitometrically. The time span of tree-ring observation covers the period from 1969 to 1997. The sensitivity coefficient of latewood width, latewood and maximum densities and latewood percentage decreases in relation to the increasing latitude of the provenances. The growth of all studied provenances is dictated by the local weather and climate. The correlation coefficients of indices between the local provenance and the other provenances are not lower than 0.46–0.97, and the synchronicity coefficients are minimally 0.84. The Euclidean distances vary from 0.11 to 0.13 between the local provenance and the other provenances. All statistical parameters show that the interannual variability reflects the prevailing influence of the local weather conditions. Variability of weather conditions determines up to 87% of the growth variability in the forest-steppe of southern Siberia.
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Magnussen, S., V. G. Smith, and C. W. Yeatman. "Tree size, biomass, and volume growth of twelve 34-year-old Ontario jack pine provenances." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 15, no. 6 (December 1, 1985): 1129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x85-183.
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Tree size and aboveground biomass in twelve 34-year-old Ontario jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) provenances growing at Petawawa National Forestry Institute (Chalk River, Ontario) was negatively correlated with latitude of origin. The best provenance exceeded the local provenance in tree height and diameter by approximately 10%. The pattern of geographical variation was stable over time, making general and sound predictions of provenance growth based on juvenile performance feasible. Persistent differences among some geographically close provenances indicated the potential for genetic improvement by selecting the best populations within site regions. The results demonstrated have important implications for jack pine breeding and improvement strategies at the provenance level. The provenance averages of aboveground ovendry weight per tree ranged from 44 to 79 kg. The aboveground tree biomass was distributed as follows in seven analyzed provenances: stem wood, 78%; stem bark, 8%; branch wood, 8%; needles, 5%; cones, 1%. Variation in average stemwood mass among provenances was less than the variation in average stem volume because of a strong negative correlation on a single tree basis between stem volume and stem wood density. The mean annual volume and biomass accretion per hectare in the best provenances averaged 10 m3 and 4 t, respectively. Total stem volume production per hectare varied exponentially with tree height. Mean annual stem volume increment of the best provenances exceeded that of the slowest growing provenances by 22–40%.
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Stojnic, Srdjan, Ute Sass-Klaassen, Sasa Orlovic, Bratislav Matovic, and Britta Eilmann. "Plastic growth response of european beech provenances to dry site conditions." IAWA Journal 34, no. 4 (2013): 475–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-00000038.
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Due to projected global warming, there is a great concern about the ability of European beech to adapt to future climate conditions. Provenance trials provide an excellent basis to assess the potential of various provenances to adjust to given climate conditions. In this study we compared the performance of four European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) provenances growing in a provenance trial at the Fruška Gora Mountain, Serbia. Three of the investigated provenances (Höllerbach and Hasbruch from Germany and Vrani Kamen from Croatia) originate from moist sites, with annual precipitation sums being twice as high as at the provenance trial in Serbia. The performance of these provenances are compared to the growth of the local provenance Fruška Gora which is well adapted to dry site conditions. We analysed tree-ring width, mean vessel area, vessel density and water-conductive area for the period from 2006 to 2012. In spite of differences in climate conditions at their place of origin all beech provenances showed a similar pattern in radial increment. Also the wood- anatomical variables showed similar inter-annual patterns for all provenances and no significant differences between the provenances. This indicates that beech provenances from moist environments can adjust to the relatively dry temperate climate in Serbia.
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Klisz, Marcin, Radosław Puchałka, Sławomir Wilczyński, Władysław Kantorowicz, Tomasz Jabłoński, and Jan Kowalczyk. "The Effect of Insect Defoliations and Seed Production on the Dynamics of Radial Growth Synchrony among Scots Pine Pinus sylvestris L. Provenances." Forests 10, no. 10 (October 22, 2019): 934. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10100934.
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The intraspecific variation of climate–growth relationships observed on provenance trials results from among–provenance differences in phenotypic plasticity. Temporal variation in radial growth synchrony among provenances may be modified by adverse climatic/biotic conditions such as drought or insect defoliation. However, these factors can potentially diminish provenance–specific growth reactions and, consequently, prevent the identification of provenances with the highest adaptive potential. Thus, understanding the influence of major biotic conditions on provenance–specific climate–growth relationships seems to be important to anticipate climate change. To determine provenance–specific growth patterns in relation to climate conditions (drought), seed production (reproductive effort), and insect defoliation in a common garden of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), we applied dendroecological techniques to time–series of tree–ring widths and basal area increments. The long–term records of seed production and insect outbreaks from the local Scots pine stands were used to explain the potential effect of biotic factors on the temporal dynamics of radial growth synchrony. During a period of favorable growth conditions, Scots pine provenances showed a decline in inter–provenance synchronicity in growth patterns, while during years affected by severe soil water deficit and insect defoliation, they manifested high uniformity in growth dynamics. The long–term trend in growth synchrony among P. sylvestris provenances depend on both abiotic and biotic environmental factors. This gains significance following an introduction of the appropriate selection of tree provenances for climate–smart forestry.
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Weller, Andreas. "Douglasien-Provenienzversuch von 1961 in Nordwestdeutschland: Ergebnisse nach 38 Jahren." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 163, no. 3 (March 1, 2012): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2012.0105.
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Douglas-fir provenance trials established 1961 in northwestern Germany: findings at the age of 38 years The Douglas-fir provenance trials established on 14 sites in northwestern Germany in 1961 are the basis for a comparison of 26 North American Douglas-fir provenances. The following assessment criteria were formulated: (1) How do the provenances differ with respect to total volume growth after 38 years? (2) Can climate-induced variations be observed in provenance values? (3) Do provenances differ in regard to branchiness? Because of non-orthogonal trial set-ups and plot-related influences, overall trial sites analysis called for a standardisation of interval-scaled primary data. Relative rank classes were calculated on the basis of a mean plot value. With respect to total volume growth, the provenances Tenas Creek (D47) as well as Molalla (D74) and Timber (D41/59) proved provenances with stable and outstanding productivity. Among the tested local climate elements “long-term annual mean temperature”, “mean annual precipitation” and “height above sea level” only the influence of long-term annual mean temperature is statistically relevant for productivity. Beside hardy ecotypes, which adapt to a wide spectrum of differing plot climates (e.g., Molalla [D74]), there are provenances with poor adaptive capabilities that react sensitively to local climatic conditions (e.g., Salmon Arm II [D46]). For the criterion “fine-branchiness”, the provenances Conrad Creek (D43), Ashford (D67) and Gold Hill (D83) show the best, the provenances Detroit (D76), Carson (D87) and Salmon Arm II (D46) the poorest results.
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Kokutse, Adzo Dzifa, Kossi Adjonou, Kouami Kokou, and Messanvi Gbeassor. "Problématique de la performance du teck de provenance tanzanienne par rapport au teck local en plantation au Togo." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 302, no. 302 (December 1, 2009): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2009.302.a20399.
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Originaire d'Asie du Sud et introduit au Togo depuis le début du siècle dernier, le teck (Tectona grandis L.f.) y est devenu la première espèce commercialisable. Mais depuis les années 1990, une nouvelle provenance dite teck tanzanien, reconnue pour ses bonnes performances, est préférée par le service forestier et les planteurs privés. Cette étude compare les performances morphologiques et technologiques du teck tanzanien à celles du teck cultivé depuis un siècle au Togo. Pour ce faire, les caractéristiques dendrométriques, l'indice de productivité (Ip), le pourcentage de bois de coeur à 1,30 m de hauteur de tige, les propriétés physiques et mécaniques ont été mesurés sur deux parcelles âgées de 7 ans. Les résultats montrent qu'à ce stade de croissance la provenance tanzanienne est plus productive (Ip = 6,75) que la provenance locale (Ip = 6,06). Les hauteurs du teck tanzanien (hauteur dominante H0, hauteur totale Ht et hauteur fût Hf) sont significativement supérieures à celles du teck local. En revanche, chez les arbres dominants, le teck local présente un diamètre moyen Dd significativement supérieur à celui du teck tanzanien. La provenance tanzanienne renferme en moyenne 40 % de plus de bois de coeur que le teck local. Cependant, les deux provenances ne montrent aucune différence significative en ce qui concerne les caractéristiques physiques (densité du bois à 12 % d'humidité) et mécaniques du bois (module d'élasticité et contrainte de rupture en flexion). (Résumé d'auteur)
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Morgenstern, Kristian, and Margaret Penner. "White spruce growth to age 44 in a provenance test at the Petawawa Research Forest." Forestry Chronicle 82, no. 4 (July 1, 2006): 572–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc82572-4.
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Twenty-five provenances of white spruce were planted in 1963 in 144-tree plots and three replications as part of a provenance test series for eastern Canada. The experiment was well maintained and thinned to 50% of its original stocking in 1986 (age 26 years from seed).Measurements at age 44 were subjected to analyses of variance and correlation and compared with height and survival at age 15. The results demonstrated that at age 15, identification of the best provenances is ineffective because of changes in rank and the late expression of survival differences. At age 44, significant differences among provenances were observed for survival, mean height, diameter, basal area, and volume. The greatest volume was produced by a provenance from Cushing in the Ottawa Valley in Quebec, 287 m3 per ha, which was 11% greater than the volume of the local provenance, Chalk River, Ontario. When ranked on the basis of survival and volume, the best eight provenances included five from Quebec, and one each from New Brunswick, Ontario, and Wisconsin. The experiment shows that at the appropriate stage in a selection program, large plots can yield significant results, which has important implications for the design of experiments. Key words: provenance tests, jack pine, experimental design, growth and yield
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Višnjić, Ćemal, Besim Balić, Velid Halilović, and Fuad Šehić. "VARIATION IN GROWTH AMONG NINE BOSNIAN HERZEGOVINIAN PROVENANCES OF SILVER FIR (Abies alba Mill)." Radovi Šumarskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Sarajevu 49, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54652/rsf.2019.v49.i1.21.
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UDK: 630*232:582.475(497.6)
Provenance experiments with forest trees provide valuable information about the growth and adaptability of population, often transferred from remote geographical regions and various climate conditions. This study researches the growth of nine provenances of silver fir from the area of its natural distribution in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The experiment was established in the year 1991 in the form of a random block system with 5 repetitions. For planting, we used five-year-old seedlings (2/3), and planting spacing was 2x2 m. Each Silver fir provenance was included with 320 plants. Measurement results in the 28th year of age show the existence of variations between silver fir provenances in characteristics; mean height, mean diameter and average tree volume. Silver fir provenance from Bosanski Petrovac showed the best results. The mean height of this Silver fir provenance at the age of 28 was 9.1 m, while the mean diameter was 11.9 cm. Provenances that show the lowest growth (8.1 m) were from Pale, Olovo-Klis and Konjic. Silver fir provenance from Konjic has the lowest mean diameter (10.7 cm). In all provenances, we have had a culmination of height increment in age between 20 and 25 years. Variation between tested silver fir provenances for examined characteristic “mean height” was larger (four groups of population) compared to examined characteristic “mean diameter” (two groups of population). Volume of mean tree (0.062m3) and assortment (111.33 m3/ha) in Bosanski Petrovac provenance was larger than spreadsheet values for the first yield class for Central Europe conditions. The trial shows that silver fir in Bosnia and Herzegovina is variable on the local level due to specific micro-habitual conditions in which it grows.
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Tsegaye, Mintesnot, Belayneh Lemage, and Alemayehu Hido. "Seedling performance of different provenances of selected indigenous tree species in Debub Ari District, Southern Ethiopia." Global Journal of Earth and Environmental Science 6, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31248/gjees2020.086.
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Better understanding of variations in seed traits and seedling vigor in various populations of a given species is vital for appropriate nursery and tree planting technology. The main objective of this study was to identify better provenance for indigenous trees by testing seed germination and seedling traits. Seeds of six indigenous trees (Vachellia abyssinica, Vachellia seyal, Faidherbia albida, Balanites aegyptiaca and Terminalia laxiflora Engl.) were collected from different geographic areas. One hundred (100) polyethylene pots (20 cm height and 12 cm diameter) were filled with 2:1:1 ratio of local, forest soil and sand composition for seedlings. A Complete Randomized Design (CRD), 5 x 4 polyethylene pots in four replications of 20 polyethylene pots for each provenance was designed in the nursery and the provenances for selected species. Different early growth performance parameters were measured for each tested provenance. All collected data were analyzed by using ANOVA while the least significance difference was computed for mean separation. The seedling performance of Vachellia abyssinica and Vachellia seyal were significantly varied among the provenances. Vachellia abyssinica from Butajira provenance had the highest mean values across all the studied parameters. Except height, Kako provenance had the highest mean values across all the early performance parameters of Vachellia seyal. Seedling performances of Faidherbia albida in the nursery was significantly varied among the provenances except for root collar diameter. Provenance from Wondo Genet had the highest mean values of germination percent and comparable leaf numbers with provenance from Hawassa. It can be concluded that the observed patterns of variation will have the implication for genetic resources conservations and tree improvement. Accordingly, Butajira and Kako provenances could be taken as a good source of seed collection for Vachellia abyssinica and Vachellia seyal, respectively. Wondo Genet and Hawassa provenances could also ensure the provision of planting materials of Faidherbia albida for farmers. Further progeny tests in the field should be undertaken for a longer period to obtain definitive recommendations for early selection
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Vander Mijnsbrugge, Kristine, Marc Schouppe, Stefaan Moreels, Yorrick Aguas Guerreiro, Laura Decorte, and Marie Stessens. "Influence of Water Limitation and Provenance on Reproductive Traits in a Common Garden of Frangula alnus Mill." Forests 13, no. 11 (October 22, 2022): 1744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13111744.
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Drought periods during the growing season will increase and intensify in Western Europe due to climate change. To better understand the consequences for woody perennials, we restricted watering of potted cuttings of Frangula alnus Mill. in a common garden setting in Belgium during the growing season of 2020. We focused on the responses of three provenances (Belgian, Italian and Swedish) for several reproductive traits in the year of the water limitation. F. alnus, as a shrub species, bears fruits fast. It can blossom on current season’s growth and can therefore produce ripened berries continuously during several months. The total berry count across the whole growing season was much lower in the water-limited plants, independent of the provenance. The local Belgian provenance produced more ripened berries in total than the Italian and Swedish provenances, both in the water-limited plants as in the control plants. Maximal berry production occurred in July. The control plants from the Belgian and Italian provenances displayed a second lower maximum in August. Mainly the Swedish provenance displayed a clear advancement of the maximum berry production among the water-limited plants in comparison to the control plants. Slight differences were detected in the average stone count per berry and in the average stone weight, with both traits displaying a single maximum through time. The Swedish provenance displayed the highest average stone count per berry and the Belgian provenance had the lightest average stone weight, both likely attributable to local adaptation. Remarkably, both stone traits were not affected by the water limitation. Results are discussed in the context of several drought response mechanisms including drought escape, drought avoidance, compensation growth, growth/reproduction trade-off and seed size/number trade-off.
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Vander Mijnsbrugge, Kristine, Jessa May Malanguis, Stefaan Moreels, Amy Lauwers, Arno Thomaes, Luc De Keersmaeker, and Kris Vandekerkhove. "Growth Recovery and Phenological Responses of Juvenile Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Exposed to Spring Warming and Late Spring Frost." Forests 12, no. 11 (November 20, 2021): 1604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12111604.
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Global change increases the risk of extreme climatic events. The impact of extreme temperature may depend on the tree species and also on the provenance. Ten provenances of Fagus sylvatica L. were grown in a common garden environment in Belgium and subjected to different temperature treatments. Half of the one year old seedlings were submitted to a high thermal stress in the spring of the first year, and all plants were exposed to a late spring frost in the second year. The high-temperature treated plants displayed reduced growth in the first year, which was fully compensated (recovery with exact compensation) in the second year for radial growth and in the third year for height growth. Frost in the spring of the second year damaged part of the saplings and reduced their growth. The frost damaged plants regained the pre-stress growth rate one year later (recovery without compensation). The high temperature treatment in the first year and the frost damage in the second year clearly influenced the phenological responses in the year of the event and in the succeeding year. Little population differentiation was observed among the provenances for growth and for phenological responses. Yet, a southern provenance, a non-autochthonous provenance (original German provenance that was planted in Belgium about a century ago) and a more continental provenance flushed earlier than the local Atlantic provenances in the year of the frost event, resulting in more frost damage. Some caution should therefore be taken when translocating provenances as an anticipation of the predicted climate warming.
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Smith, Ben C., Bronson P. Bullock, Fikret Isik, and Steven E. McKeand. "Modeling genetic effects on growth of diverse provenances and families of loblolly pine across optimum and deficient nutrient regimes." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 44, no. 11 (November 2014): 1453–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2013-0379.
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Optimal deployment of improved loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) planting stock in the southeastern United States requires knowing how diverse seed sources and families perform over time across the wide range of sites used for plantations. This study tests if the relative growth performance of provenances and families is the same at the individual-tree and stand levels for family block plantings and determines what type of adjustment may be required to account for genetic differences when modeling growth and yield. Ten open-pollinated families from two very different provenances, Atlantic Coastal Plain and “Lost Pines” Texas, were grown in single-family block plots to test for growth differences between provenances and among families under severely deficient and optimal nutrition regimes on a nutrient-deficient, dry site. The three-parameter Chapman–Richards function was fit to plot means over time by provenance, family, and nutrition treatments. Models with provenance- or family-specific parameters of the Chapman–Richards function were tested for significant improvement over global parameters. At age 14 years, family, provenance, and nutrition treatments all significantly affected individual-tree growth traits of height, diameter, and volume. Significant nutrition by provenance interactions were found for stand-level traits of basal area per hectare and volume per hectare. Family differences were also significant for these traits. Provenance- or family-specific asymptotic parameters accounted for differences in growth over time. Several traits required the use of local asymptotic and rate parameters in the fertilized treatment only. For modeling growth, a multiplier would be sufficient to account for genetic effects on the majority of traits.
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Mashudi, Mashudi. "KERAGAMAN SUDUT PERCABANGAN DAN PANJANG INTERNODUS TANAMAN UJI KETURUNAN PULAI GADING (Alstonia scholaris (L.). R.Br.)." Jurnal Hutan Tropis 8, no. 2 (July 8, 2020): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jht.v8i2.9049.
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Alstonia scholaris is a local species, widely used for making hadicraft and pencil slate. The purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of provenance and family on the diversity of tree branching angle and internodus length of A. scholaris plants. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Block Design with provenance and family treatments. The number of provenance involved was 5 provenances (Lombok, Jayapura, Solok, Timor and Bali) and the number of family involved was 48 families. Each family planted 4 seeds per plot with a spacing of 4 x 2 m and was repeated 3 times. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the provenance and family had a significant effect on the tree branching angle and length of the internodus. The average of tree branching angle between families ranges from 37.50 - 61.25o and the length of the internodus ranges from 1.15 - 2.20 cm. Provenance with the best tree branching angle are occupied by the Timor provenance and the best length of the internodus is occupied by the Lombok provenance. The best tree branching angle is occupied by 20 families with an angle range of 50.91o - 61.250 and the best length of the internodus is occupied by 22 families with a range of 1.82 - 2.20 m.
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Kashian, Daniel M., and Burton V. Barnes. "Tree growth and survival over 61 years at the Second International Larch Provenance Test in southeastern Michigan, USA." Silvae Genetica 70, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sg-2021-0002.
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Abstract Provenance trials remain an important tool for understanding genetic variation in forest trees. Maintaining decades-old experiments is critical for revealing maladaptation of translocated populations to local sites and meaningful divergence in survival and growth. We revisited the Second International Larch Provenance Test in southeastern Michigan, which featuring 24 provenances of European and Japanese larch. We compiled data collected when the plantation was 25, 41, and 61 years from seed to supplement data published at 19 years from seed. Divergence in survival rates first became pronounced at 41 years from seed. Plantation sources of unknown origin and continental Sudeten provenances had the highest rates of survival. High-elevation sources from the southern Alps performed the poorest. Survival differences were likely driven by ice storm damage and severe growing season droughts, both of which occurred at least 1-2 times per decade in southeastern Michigan over the last 60 years. Provenance performance for growth mirrored that of survival, although sources varied more in their survival than in their growth. Growth rate among sources varied over the 43-year sampling period, with intervals of fast growth occurring in several of the overall poor-performing provenances. Diameter was moderately correlated to both elevation and latitude, with inconsistent correlations to climatic variables. Broad geographical variation in provenance performance was also important in explaining variation in growth. Our data corroborate that monitoring of long-term provenance trials could be an important source of information needed to predict and understand how forest species may respond to imminent climate change and may be critical for developing strategies for its mitigation.
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Mata, R. De La, and R. Zas. "Performance of Maritime Pine Spanish Mediterranean Provenances at Young Ages in a Transitional Region Between Atlantic and Mediterranean Climates in NW Spain." Silvae Genetica 59, no. 1-6 (December 1, 2010): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sg-2010-0002.
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AbstractMaritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) occurs naturally in a wide variety of sites around SW Europe, from typical Mediterranean climates to areas in Northern Spain and France with a strong oceanic influence. Within its distribution range populations are strongly differentiated, showing local adaptations to environmental conditions that have been widely documented in different provenance trials both in the Atlantic region and in the Mediterranean area. In the present paper, we analyzed the performance of six Mediterranean provenances in three sites in the interior of Galicia (NW Spain), a transitional region between Atlantic and Mediterranean climates where few catalogued materials are available for reforestation. Seven year after planting, provenances coming from the mildest climates grew faster but showed inferior stem form. The provenance x site interaction was weak, although some significant provenance rank changes were observed in the driest site. Among the tested provenances, Serranía de Cuenca showed good early growth in all sites and acceptable stem form, being thus a potential recommended material for using in the area. The Albarracín origin showed also good results, with excellent stem form and acceptable growth, especially in the driest site. A combined spatial analysis allowed us to compare the tested provenances with improved materials from Coastal Galicia (NW Spain) and Western Australia planted in adjacent progeny trials. Although the differences were small, the Atlantic material of both breeding programs performed slightly better than the Mediterranean provenances, and represents another alternative material for use in reforestation in this transitional climate region.
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Zeltiņš, Katrevičs, Gailis, Maaten, Desaine, and Jansons. "Adaptation Capacity of Norway Spruce Provenances in Western Latvia." Forests 10, no. 10 (September 25, 2019): 840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10100840.
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In Europe, numerous Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) provenance trials have been established and evaluated at a juvenile age. Still, information about the adaptation potential and long-term fitness of transferred seedlots in the Baltic Sea region is lacking. The aim of the study was to evaluate the adaptation capacity of provenances and assess the patterns of their long-term reaction to environmental transfer. We examined a 32-year-old provenance trial in the mild Baltic Sea coastal climate of Western Latvia. Significant differences in height and stem volume were observed among provenances. Growth superiority for certain local and Carpathian provenances was maintained over more than one-third of the rotation period. The best predictor of climate transfer functions was minimum temperature of the coldest month at the place of origin, explaining 28% variation in tree height. Populations from sites with more frost days and a colder mean annual temperature, minimum temperature, and lower annual heat-moisture index than the planting site were generally taller.
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Libiad, Mohamed, Abdelmajid Khabbach, and Abdeslam Ennabili. "Genotypic variation effect on quality determination of caper products collected in North-Central Morocco." Boletin Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromaticas 21, no. 6 (November 30, 2022): 757–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37360/blacpma.22.21.6.46.
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The caper plant (Capparis spinosaL., Capparaceae) from Morocco is described differently, and shows a very variable morphology. In this work, two provenances of caper plant, spontaneous and cultivated, from the North-Central Morocco, are characterized on the basis of morphological and productive criteria. Quantitative and qualitative parameters reveal significant differences between the two origins. Thecultivated provenance corresponds to C. spinosasubsp. spinosa, whereas the spontaneous origin is mainly composed of this subspecies and secondarily C. orientalis. Small capers are abundant in the two origins, but their aesthetic quality is more observed in the cultivated one. Caper berries of spontaneous provenance display a longer peduncle and gynophore and those of cultivated provenance are more numerous and thicker. The spontaneous caper genotypes produce capers and caper berries over a longer period and generate less income for the local population.
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Raymond, Carolyn A., and M. Henson. "Genetic Variation Amongst and Within The Native Provenances of Pinus radiata D. Don in South-eastern Australia. 1. Growth and form to age 26 years." Silvae Genetica 58, no. 1-6 (December 1, 2009): 242–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sg-2009-0031.
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Abstract Four hundred and sixty individual families of Pinus radiata, representing all provenances and populations in a 1978 seed collection, plus a local seed orchard control, were planted together in 1980 in a large trial in southern New South Wales, Australia. Provenance means and genetic parameters for growth measured at ages 3, 8 and 26 years plus stem straightness, branch angle and nodality at age 26 years are reported. Large provenance differences were apparent for all traits. The two island provenances, Cedros and Guadalupe, were significantly inferior to the mainland provenances and, due to competition effects, very few trees survived to age 26. Within the mainland provenances, the performance of Año Nuevo and Monterey was almost identical, with Cambria being less vigorous. The best performing seedlot for all traits was the local control. Differences between populations within the mainland provenances were apparent for diameter at age 26 within Año Nuevo and Cambria but not Monterey. Año Nuevo also showed population differences for stem straightness. Heritabilities for early growth were similar within Año Nuevo and Monterey but by age 26, the heritability for diameter was higher in Monterey. Within Cambria, heritabilities for growth and tree form at age 26 were close to zero. Genetic correlations between traits showed similar patterns for each of the mainland provenances, with the exception of correlations with stem straightness within Año Nuevo. Results are discussed in light of recent molecular studies of genetic architecture, levels of inbreeding in the native stands and possible effects of this inbreeding.
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Linkevičius, Edgaras, Almantas Kliučius, Giedrius Šidlauskas, and Algirdas Augustaitis. "Variability in Growth Patterns and Tree-Ring Formation of East European Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Provenances to Changing Climatic Conditions in Lithuania." Forests 13, no. 5 (May 11, 2022): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13050743.
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An increase in the mean monthly temperature in July and a lack of precipitation during the vegetation period will cause an increase in the frequency and severity of droughts during the vegetation period in Lithuania. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the growth response to climate change of East European pine provenances in Lithuania. The research was performed based on a long-term pine provenance experiment that was established in 1975 in Lithuania. The results showed that central populations demonstrated the same or better survival and growth results compared with western populations that also included local Lithuanian provenances. Even though southern populations were characterized by the same productivity, their low survival rate suggests a negative introduction effect. Analysis of temporal variation in climate sensitivity showed a higher resistance of central and southern Scots pine provenances to the negative climatic changes, compared to the western provenances. Provenances from the central, southern and especially western locations demonstrated an increasing statistically significant negative effect of monthly temperatures in July. Additionally, provenances from western locations were more sensitive to precipitation amounts, water balance and droughts in June and July. Considering that central and southern provenances demonstrated the consistent effect of growth tolerance, the incorporation of the genetic material from the southern part of European Russia and Ukraine into local breeding programs of Scots pine might amplify positive effects of the transfer. Moreover, knowledge gaps remain regarding the growth performance of Scots pine provenances that originated from central or western European regions. Thus, Scots pine origins from Poland and the northeastern part of Germany should be included in Lithuanian provenance experiments.
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Wilkinson, David M. "Is local provenance important in habitat creation?" Journal of Applied Ecology 38, no. 6 (December 2001): 1371–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0021-8901.2001.00669.x.
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Vander Mijnsbrugge, Kristine, and Astrid Janssens. "Differentiation and Non-Linear Responses in Temporal Phenotypic Plasticity of Seasonal Phenophases in a Common Garden of Crataegus monogyna Jacq." Forests 10, no. 4 (March 27, 2019): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10040293.
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Phenology in perennial plants implies the temporal occurrence of biological events throughout the year. Heritable phenotypic plasticity in the timing of the phenophases can be of importance in the adaptation of woody species to a quickly changing environment. We observed the timing of bud burst, flower opening, leaf senescence and leaf fall in two successive years in a common garden of Crataegus monogyna Jacq. in Belgium, consisting of six local and five non-local provenances. Data were processed with cumulative logistic mixed models. Strong auto-correlation was present among the spring phenophases as well as among the autumnal phenophases, with spring phenophases being negatively correlated with fall phenophases. The strongest between-provenance differentiation was found for the timing of bud burst in spring, followed by flower opening and finally by leaf senescence and leaf fall. Warmer spring temperatures in March 2017 advanced the timing of bud burst, and to a lesser extent of flower opening, in all provenances compared to 2016. However, the advancement was non-linear among the provenances, with the lower latitude provenances being relatively less early and the higher elevation provenances being more late than the local provenances in this year. It can be hypothesized that non-local provenances display larger temporal phenotypic plastic responses in the timing of their spring phenophases compared to local provenances when temperatures in the common garden deviate more from their home-sites.
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O’Neill, Gregory A., Gordon Nigh, Tongli Wang, and Peter K. Ott. "Growth response functions improved by accounting for nonclimatic site effects." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37, no. 12 (December 2007): 2724–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x07-100.
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Growth response functions (GRFs) that relate the growth of a population to the climate of the sites in which it is tested are gaining attention for their ability to predict impacts of climate change on tree growth. However, nonclimatic site to site variation introduces error into GRFs. Using data from a large lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.) provenance test in British Columbia and the Yukon, Canada, a technique is presented that accounts for the effect of nonclimatic variation in GRFs. The mean height of the “local” provenances at each test site was used to predict “site height” from site climate variables in multiple regression. Residuals from the site height equation provided an index of the nonclimatic effect for each site and were included as a covariate in quadratic GRFs that related provenance height at each test site to mean annual temperature at each test site. Inclusion of the nonclimatic index in the model resulted in a moderate or large displacement of GRFs for 25% of the provenances, while increasing mean R2 values for 138 of 140 provenances and decreasing the root mean squared error for 113 of 140 provenances. These results suggest that inclusion of the nonclimatic index in GRF models could substantially affect height predictions for some provenances and reduce prediction error for most provenances.
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Behe, Bridget K., Benjamin L. Campbell, Charles R. Hall, Hayk Khachatryan, Jennifer H. Dennis, and Chengyan Yue. "Consumer Preferences for Local and Sustainable Plant Production Characteristics." HortScience 48, no. 2 (February 2013): 200–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.48.2.200.
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Some consumers are becoming more interested in and purchasing products that are locally grown and/or ecologically friendly. Market segmentation and product targeting are efficient methods to allocate a firm’s scarce marketing resources to supply heterogeneous markets. This study’s objective was to identify consumer segments, focusing on their gardening purchases, to determine whether there were differences in consumer preferences for provenance and environmental attributes for transplant purchases. Using a consumer survey of U.S. and Canadian consumers, we found that participants who purchased different plant types had distinct preferences for varying environmental attributes and provenances. We profiled nine consumer segments, identifying their plant purchases and preferences for local and sustainably grown products and plant containers. Results provide plant producers and retailers with market segments that can be identified and targeted and provide a basis for customizable marketing communications to enhance profits.
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Elena N, Nakvasina, Demina Nadezhda A, and Prozherina Nadezhda A. "Evaluation of survival and growth of Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. and Picea obovata Ledeb. provenances in the north of Russia." Journal of Forest Science 63, No. 9 (September 21, 2017): 401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/74/2017-jfs.
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Adaptation variability and ecological plasticity in the “genotype-environment” system of 22 provenances of Picea abies (Linnaeus) H. Karsten, Picea obovata (von Ledebour) and their introgressive hybrids growing within the Russian Plain were studied. Provenances grow in provenance trials located in the Arkhangelsk, Vologda Regions, and Komi Republic. For assessment of provenances in the “genotype-environment” system, the ranking method was used. Based on a complex ranking index (survival, diameter, height) two local areas of the most adaptive geographic races of P. abies, P. obovata and their hybrid forms were distinguished. In the south-western part of the Russian Plain the best provenances are represented by P. abies and related hybrids from Karelia, Vologda, Leningrad, and Pskov Regions. In the north-eastern part they are represented by P. obovata and its hybrids from the Komi Republic, Arkhangelsk, Sverdlovsk Regions. Provenances of local P. abies and related hybrid forms demonstrate high ecological plasticity on their growing in harsh climatic conditions of the north outside of the species distribution area.
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Sultana, Salmin, and Elisa Bertino. "A Distributed System for The Management of Fine-grained Provenance." Journal of Database Management 26, no. 2 (April 2015): 32–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdm.2015040103.
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Existing provenance systems operate at a single layer of abstraction (workflow/process/OS) at which they record and store provenance. However, the provenance captured from different layers provides the highest benefit when integrated through a unified provenance framework. To build such a framework, a comprehensive provenance model able to represent the provenance of data objects with various semantics and granularity is the first step. In this paper, the authors propose a provenance model able to represent the provenance of any data object captured at any abstraction layer and present an abstract schema of the model. The expressive nature of the model enables a wide range of provenance queries. The authors also illustrate the utility of their model in real world data processing systems. In the paper, they also introduce a data provenance distributed middleware system composed of several different components and services that capture provenance according to their model and securely stores it in a central repository. As part of our middleware, the authors present a thin stackable file system, called FiPS, for capturing local provenance in a portable manner. FiPS is able to capture provenance at various degrees of granularity, transform provenance records into secure information, and direct the resulting provenance data to various persistent storage systems.
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Hansson, Lennart. "Damage by wildlife, especially small rodents, to North American Pinuscontorta provenances introduced into Sweden." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 15, no. 6 (December 1, 1985): 1167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x85-189.
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In 20 provenance trials with the North American Pinuscontorta Dougl. introduced into Sweden, 6 were severely damaged by voles, especially Microtusagrestis L., 2 by moose (Alcesalces L.), and 2 by roe deer (Capreoluscapreolus L.). Six trials were abandoned earlier partly because of roe deer damage and one as a result of vole damage. Vole damage was severe in northern Sweden and roe deer damage was severe in southern Sweden. Certain provenances were more severely attacked by voles, moose, or roe deer than others. The three mammals did not show any agreement in their selection. Voles damage southern provenances, or those with long growing seasons, more than northern ones. The differences among provenances declined rapidly in situations of increasing total damage. Selection among provenances for resistance to mammalian attacks may be possible if local or regional attack rates are taken into account.
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El Finti, Aissam, Mohamed Belayadi, Rachida El Boullani, Fouad Msanda, Mohammed Amine Serghini, and Abdelhamid El Mousadik. "Genetic Structure of Cactus Pear (Opuntia Ficus Indica) in Moroccan Collection." Atlas Journal of Plant Biology 1, no. 2 (June 11, 2017): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5147/ajpb.v1i2.110.
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Recently, a large plantation has been established in Morocco, to reduce water and wind erosion, rangeland degradation, sand movement and to enhance the restoration of the vegetation cover. However, this plant material has unknown genetic characterization. In addition, several local classifications and morphological descriptions were used. The objective of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity using RAPD markers in a collection of 13 provenances of Moroccan Opuntia ficus indica (L.). Based on 13 random primers, the result showed that the level of diversity (h) and polymorphism varied according to the provenance. A high genetic differentiation was found between the provenances (Gst = 0.29), thus some loci were characteristic of certain provenances. These results can be used to characterize genetic resources of Morocco cactus pear, and to initiate a program of genetic improvement and selection.
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Notivol, Eduardo, Luis Santos-del-Blanco, Regina Chambel, Jose Climent, and Ricardo Alía. "Seed Sourcing Strategies Considering Climate Change Forecasts: A Practical Test in Scots Pine." Forests 11, no. 11 (November 20, 2020): 1222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11111222.
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Research Highlights: We experimentally tested different seed sourcing strategies (local, predictive, climate-predictive, climate-adjusted, composite and admixture) under a climate change high emissions scenario using a Scots pine multi-site provenance test. Background and Objectives: There is an urgent need to conserve genetic resources and to support resilience of conifer species facing expected changes and threats. Seed sourcing strategies have been proposed to maximize the future adaptation and resilience of our forests. However, these proposals are yet to be tested, especially in long-lived organisms as forest trees, due to methodological constraints. In addition, some methods rely on the transfer of material from populations matching the future conditions of the sites. However, at the rear edge of the species, some specific problems (high fragmentation, high genetic differentiation, role of genetic drift) challenge the theoretical expectations of some of these methods. Materials and Methods: We used a Scots pine multi-site provenance test, consisting of seventeen provenances covering the distribution range of the species in Spain tested in five representative sites. We measured height, diameter and survival at 5, 10 and 15 years after planting. We simulated populations of 50 trees by bootstrapping material of the provenance test after removing the intra-site environmental effects, simulating different seed sourcing strategies. Results: We found that local and predictive methods behaved better than methods based on the selection of future climate-matching strategies (predictive-climate and climate-adjusted) and those combining several seed sources (composite and admixture seed sourcing strategies). Conclusions: Despite the theoretical expectations, for Scots pine, a forest tree species at its rear edge of its distribution, seed-sourcing methods based on climate matching or a combination of seed sources do not perform better than traditional local or predictive methods or they are not feasible because of the lack of future climate-matching populations.
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Ginwal, H. S., and A. K. Mandal. "Variation in Growth Performance of Acacia nilotica Willd. ex Del. Provenances of Wide Geographical Origin : Six Year Results." Silvae Genetica 53, no. 1-6 (December 1, 2004): 264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sg-2004-0049.
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Abstract Results of a provenance trial of Acacia nilotica Willd. ex Del. laid out in 1993 at Tropical Forest Research Institute Campus, Jabalpur (23°N lat., 79°E long. and 400 m altitude) Madhya Pradesh, a semi-arid region of India are reported and discussed. Nineteen provenances from India, Pakistan, Sudan, Senegal and Yemen were evaluated in the field at age three and six years. Local source of A. nilotica (S.F.R.I., Jabalpur) was used as check material for comparison. Significant differences between the provenances (P < 0.05) were observed for height, diameter at breast height (DBH), number of branches and field survival. The provenances from Gujrat (Punjab), Pakistan, ranked first for growth traits namely height, DBH and survival. The next superior provenance was from Beihan, Yemen, which scored second highest values of height and DBH and had good survival at age six years. Results indicate that genetic differences exist between the provenances of A.nilotica. None of the traits assessed (viz. height, DBH, number of branches, inter-nodal length and survival) were found to correlate with any of the geographical coordinates of the provenances (latitude, longitude and altitude). Height, DBH and number of branches showed significant and positive correlation with each other. Fair differences between phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variability were observed. Heritability values were found fairly good for height, DBH and number of branches as compared to inter-nodal length. The relative performance of these provenances was fairly consistent throughout the period of observation at three and six year. The two sources viz. Gujrat (Punjab), Pakistan and Beihan, Yemen, are recommended for plantation programme under semi-arid conditions.
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Sackville Hamilton, N. R. "Is local provenance important in habitat creation? A reply." Journal of Applied Ecology 38, no. 6 (December 2001): 1374–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0021-8901.2001.00670.x.
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Wu, Duan, and Zhang. "Long-term Growth Variation and Selection of Geographical Provenances of Cunninghamialanceolata (Lamb.) Hook." Forests 10, no. 10 (October 5, 2019): 876. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10100876.
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In order to understand the long-term growth variation of Chinese fir’s geographical provenances and promote long-term genetic improvement, the experimental provenance forest of Chinese fir planted in 1981 was taken as a research object.The provenances originated from southeastern China. The study measured each diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height at 5, 6, 8, 12, and 33 years of age and analyzed the genetic variation of major growth traits of trees withdifferent provenances at different forest ages. Additionally, the study analyzed the geographical variation of Chinese fir by using the trend surface and principal component analysis (PCA) and evaluated the long-term selection effect of provenance by using juvenile–mature correlation and cluster analysis. The heritability of the DBH, treeheight, and volume of Chinese fir with different provenances reached 0.35–0.76, and with increasing forest age, the heritability of each trait showed a rising and gradually stabilizing trend. There were obvious differences in geographical variation patterns among the tested provenances, and both the DBH and the tree height growth patterns are two-way gradients. This variation pattern is associated with climatic conditions in different regions, and the factors limiting the growth difference of Chinese fir may be the mean temperature in winter and the precipitation in autumn and winter.An early selection age has a significant effect on shortening the timber production cycle of Chinese fir. The selection of trees aged between 6 and 12 years is more conducive to improving the efficiency of the genetic improvement of Chinese fir.The 42 excellent provenances selected from the 33-year-old mature Chinese fir forests have a larger increase in growth than trees with local provenances, which are concentrated in the Wuyi and Xuefeng mountains and are suitable for plantation in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and surrounding areas.
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Anglisano, Anna, Lluís Casas, Marc Anglisano, and Ignasi Queralt. "Application of Supervised Machine-Learning Methods for Attesting Provenance in Catalan Traditional Pottery Industry." Minerals 10, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min10010008.
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The traditional pottery industry was an important activity in Catalonia (NE Spain) up to the 20th century. However, nowadays only few workshops persist in small villages were the activity is promoted as a touristic attraction. The preservation and promotion of traditional pottery in Catalonia is part of an ongoing strategy of tourism diversification that is revitalizing the sector. The production of authenticable local pottery handicrafts aims at attracting cultivated and high-purchasing power tourists. The present paper inspects several approaches to set up a scientific protocol based on the chemical composition of both raw materials and pottery. These could be used to develop a seal of quality and provenance to regulate the sector. Six Catalan villages with a renowned tradition of local pottery production have been selected. The chemical composition of their clays and the corresponding fired products has been obtained by Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF). Using the obtained geochemical dataset, a number of unsupervised and supervised machine learning methods have been applied to test their applicability to define geochemical fingerprints that could allow inter-site discrimination. The unsupervised approach fails to distinguish samples from different provenances. These methods are only roughly able to divide the different provenances in two large groups defined by their different SiO2 and CaCO3 concentrations. In contrast, almost all the tested supervised methods allow inter-site discrimination with accuracy levels above 80%, and accuracies above 85% were obtained using a meta-model combining all the predictive supervised methods. The obtained results can be taken as encouraging and demonstrative of the potential of the supervised approach as a way to define geochemical fingerprints to track or attest the provenance of samples.
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Tsuyama, Ikutaro, Wataru Ishizuka, Keiko Kitamura, Haruhiko Taneda, and Susumu Goto. "Ten Years of Provenance Trials and Application of Multivariate Random Forests Predicted the Most Preferable Seed Source for Silviculture of Abies sachalinensis in Hokkaido, Japan." Forests 11, no. 10 (September 30, 2020): 1058. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11101058.
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Research highlights: Using 10-year tree height data obtained after planting from the range-wide provenance trials of Abies sachalinensis, we constructed multivariate random forests (MRF), a machine learning algorithm, with climatic variables. The constructed MRF enabled prediction of the optimum seed source to achieve good performance in terms of height growth at every planting site on a fine scale. Background and objectives: Because forest tree species are adapted to the local environment, local seeds are empirically considered as the best sources for planting. However, in some cases, local seed sources show lower performance in height growth than that showed by non-local seed sources. Tree improvement programs aim to identify seed sources for obtaining high-quality timber products by performing provenance trials. Materials and methods: Range-wide provenance trials for one of the most important silvicultural species, Abies sachalinensis, were established in 1980 at nine transplanting experimental sites. We constructed an MRF to estimate the responses of tree height at 10 years after planting at eight climatic variables at 1 km × 1 km resolution. The model was applied for prediction of tree height throughout Hokkaido Island. Results: Our model showed that four environmental variables were major factors affecting height growth—winter solar radiation, warmth index, maximum snow depth, and spring solar radiation. A tree height prediction map revealed that local seeds showed the best performance except in the southernmost region and several parts of northern regions. Moreover, the map of optimum seed provenance suggested that deployment of distant seed sources can outperform local sources in the southernmost and northern regions. Conclusions: We predicted that local seeds showed optimum growth, whereas non-local seeds had the potential to outperform local seeds in some regions. Several deployment options were proposed to improve tree growth.
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Szakmány, György, Kristóf Fehér, Zsolt Kasztovszky, and Tamás Sági. "Archaeometric analyses of adze-blades on Nuku Hiva, Marquesas Islands." Archeometriai Műhely 18, no. 1 (2021): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.55023/issn.1786-271x.2021-005.
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In this paper we present our results based on detailed archaeometric (mineralogical, petrological and geochemical) investigations on two flakes, originated from Nuku Hiva, Vaitehii I and Ha’ahinani sites. The main aim of these researches was to determine and characterise the raw material of the stone tools and determine or at least outline their provenances. Based on the mineralogical composition and texture the flake origined from Vaitehii I are basalt and it is very similar to the local Tekao type tholeiitic basalt. On the contrary the raw materials of the flake origined from Ha’ahinani is phonolite, its provenance is Ua Pou island.
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Ginwal, H. S., Pradip Kumar, V. K. Sharma, A. K. Mandal, and C. E. Harwood. "Genetic Variability and Early Growth Performance of Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. in Provenance cum Progeny Trials in India." Silvae Genetica 53, no. 1-6 (December 1, 2004): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sg-2004-0027.
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Abstract Results of provenance cum progeny trials of Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. laid out in 2002 at three sites viz. FRI Campus (Uttaranchal), Chiryanpur (Uttaranchal) and Midnapore (West Bengal) located in tropical region of India are reported and discussed. Thirteen provenances representing 91 families from Australia and Papua New Guinea (PNG) viz. Oro bay to Emo, PNG; Sirinumu Sogeri Plat, PNG; Warwick, QLD; Yurammie, SF, NSW; Buckenbowra SF, NSW; Selection flat SF559, NSW; Credition SF, QLD; Cardwell, QLD; Mitchell River MT Molloy, QLD; Mill stream archer creek, QLD; Helenvale, QLD; Walsh River, QLD; Burdekin River, QLD were evaluated from nursery stage to field performance (age 21months). As a local seed source open-pollinated seeds collected from selected interspecific Eucalyptus F1 hybrid trees of FRI-4, FRI-5 and Mysore gum (Eucalyptus teretirornis) were used to serve as check material (control). Significant differences between the provenances and families at age 21 months were observed for height, clean stem length, collar diameter and field survival. Significant provenance x site interaction was observed for height. In general the north Queensland provenances performed better and in particular two provenances viz. Walsh River, QLD and Burdekin River, QLD ranked the best in comparison to others at this age. Results indicate that significant genetic differences exist between the families and provenances of E. tereticornis. The growth traits were inter-correlated with each other. Geographic clinal variation pattern was observed in some of the growth traits viz. height, clean stem height and collar diameter. There were fair differences between phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variability. Heritability (narrow sense) values were fairly good for height and clear stem length in comparison to collar diameter. The relative performance of the provenances was fairly consistent throughout test sites.
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Reiter, Samantha Scott, Karin Margarita Frei, Heide Wrobel Nørgaard, and Flemming Kaul. "The Ølby Woman:." Danish Journal of Archaeology 8 (November 25, 2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/dja.v8i0.114995.
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The Early Nordic Bronze Age oak coffin burials include some of Europe’s best preserved human remains. Although traditional typological examinations thereof have not always found clear foreign references, recent provenance investigations from Egtved and Skrydstrup suggest that the two women were of non-local provenance. In order to investigate potential mobility patterns and how these might or might not be related to the archaeological evidence, we conducted comprehensive multi-analytical investigations on the Ølby Woman, another key female oak coffin burial. Her grave included large metal items, the remains of a corded skirt and a glass bead recently identified as of Egyptian origin. Strontium isotope analyses of the dental enamel of Ølby’s first, second and third molars investigate her provenance and potential mobility through childhood. Furthermore, we conducted lead isotope analyses and craft technical analyses of her belt plate and sword/dagger. Our results reveal that the Ølby female’s strontium isotope signatures fall within the local baseline, suggesting that she was of local origin. The metal provenance studies and craft technical studies of the belt plate and sword suggest that the objects were manufactured in Scandinavia, while the raw materials for each item were imported from different places in Europe.
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Matisons, Roberts, Volker Schneck, Diāna Jansone, Endijs Bāders, Stefānija Dubra, Pauls Zeltiņš, and Āris Jansons. "South-Eastern Baltic Provenances of Scots Pine Show Heritable Weather-Growth Relationships." Forests 12, no. 8 (August 18, 2021): 1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12081101.
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The productivity of forests has been linked to the sensitivity of tree growth to meteorological conditions and their fluctuations, hence moderation of tree sensitivity is one of the goals for climate-smart forest management. For this, tree breeding is among the most effective means, particularly if breeding populations are supplemented with genotypes (provenances) adapted to the expected climates. Nonetheless, heritability of traits is essential for their improvement by breeding. In this study, heritability of growth sensitivity of south-eastern Baltic provenances of Scots pine differing by field performance to meteorological conditions was assessed combining methods of quantitative genetics and dendrochronology. Five parallel provenance trials within the south-eastern Baltic region were investigated. The effects of regional weather drivers of growth (moisture regime in summer, temperature regime in preceding summer and in the dormancy period) were estimated, yet their strengths differed among the provenances, indicating local specialization of metapopulations of Scots pine. The heritability of growth sensitivity to these factors ranged from low to moderate, similarly as observed for the morphometric traits within the region; however, the provenance (genetic) variation appeared to be higher. The differences in heritability of responses, however, indicated uneven adaptive significance of weather conditions. Although the estimates were based on a limited set of genotypes implying caution in the extrapolation of results, the weather-growth relationships and their heritability indicate that sensitivity of growth is a complementary trait aiding breeding of forest reproductive material best suited for future climates. Heritable weather-growth relationships also imply a high potential for forest breeding to moderate the sensitivity of the trees.
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Lloyd, Greg. "Shared services – shared necessity: Austerity, reformed local government and reduced budgets." Administration 63, no. 3 (December 1, 2015): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/admin-2015-0019.
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Abstract Shared services are now established as a core delivery model in local and regional governance arrangements. Shared services have emerged as a ‘common sense’ delivery vehicle with attendant efficiency and effectiveness gains. There is, however, a more complex intellectual provenance to a reliance on shared services. In essence, shared services are the logical outcome of the deliberate turn to neo-liberal thinking and the various iterations of the new public managerialism methodology which has progressively established itself in local and regional governance over the past thirty years or so. This paper explores the neo-liberal provenance of shared services and considers the consequential vulnerabilities to austerity, administrative reform and reduced public sector budgets. The central proposition of the paper is that while neo-liberal ideas have created the justification for shared services, this has embedded a set of systemic tensions in the delivery model.
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Larwanou, M., A. Raebild, R. Issa, and E. D. Kjær. "Performance of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd Provenances in Dryland Savannah of Niger." Silvae Genetica 59, no. 1-6 (December 1, 2010): 210–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sg-2010-0025.
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Abstract A study was conducted to evaluate the performance of 11 Acacia senegal provenances in Niger, West Africa, grown on 2 different soil types. Among the provenances, 6 are from Niger, 4 from Mali and 1 from Sudan. The assessment was carried out with measurements of growth parameters (survival rate, height, diameter and basal area) as well as gum and fruit production at age 15. The results showed significant differences in growth parameters between soil types and provenances. The provenances from Mali perform best, followed by the local Niger provenances. There were no significant differences in gum and fruit production between provenances, but it cannot be excluded that this was a result of limited power in the test of provenance variation in these traits. Survival of the provenances was correlated to the precipitation and the latitude of the origin, whereas basal area was correlated to latitude, and height was correlated to longitude/altitude at the origin. Recommendations could be made for genetic selection of two Mali provenances if growth is a desired character. We conclude that recommendations in terms of gum and fruit production must be based on a relative high number of sample trees as tree to tree variation within provenances may be large.
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Sharma, Chetan, Damir D. Torrico, Lloyd Carpenter, and Roland Harrison. "Indigenous Meanings of Provenance in the Context of Alternative Food Movements and Supply-Chain Traceability: A Review." Social Sciences 10, no. 7 (July 5, 2021): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10070255.
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This article reviews the concept of provenance from both contemporary and traditional aspects. The incorporation of indigenous meanings and conceptualizations of belonging into provenance are explored. First, we consider how the gradual transformation of marketplaces into market and consumer activism catalyzed the need for provenance. Guided by this, we discuss the meaning of provenance from an indigenous and non-indigenous rationale. Driven by the need for a qualitative understanding of food, the scholarship has utilized different epistemologies to demonstrate how authentic connections are cultivated and protected by animistic approaches. As a tool to mobilize place, we suggest that provenance should be embedded in the immediate local context. Historic place-based indigenous knowledge systems, values, and lifeways should be seen as a model for new projects. This review offers a comprehensive collection of research material with emphasis on a variety of fields including anthropology, economic geography, sociology, and biology, which clarifies the meaning of provenance in alternative food systems. It questions the current practices of spatial confinement by stakeholders and governments that are currently applied to the concepts of provenance in foods, and instead proposes a holistic approach to understand both indigenous and non-indigenous ideologies but with an emphasis on Maori culture and its perspectives.
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Magnussen, S., and C. W. Yeatman. "Height growth components in inter- and intra-provenance jack pine families." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 19, no. 8 (August 1, 1989): 962–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x89-148.
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Duration (D), rate of shoot elongation (RSE), number of stem units (NSU), and mean stem unit lengths (MSUL) of current year's (1987) leaders were analyzed in 18 jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) full-sib progenies from nine inter- and nine intra-provenance crosses. The parent material consisted of selected "plus" trees from Ontario, Quebec, Wisconsin, and Michigan provenances. The average within-family variance (phenotypic) of D was on the average 186 days or twice as large as the among-family variance of 90 days. Duration was positively correlated with the number of growing degree-days at the place of parental origin. Tree height and height growth of several crosses significantly exceeded a local check lot, and the provenance effects on heights were predominantly additive (but not the luxuriance of hybrids). In determining annual height growth, it was discovered that D and RSE were roughly equally important, but large differences in RSE were observed among families with almost equal growth duration. The superior height growth of two interprovenance families was attributed to higher growth rates rather than a longer growth period. Although NSU was more important than MSUL in determining final shoot length, a negative correlation between NSU and MSUL complicated the overall significance of NSU. It was concluded that jack pine had sufficient variation in the examined height growth components to facilitate genetic improvement in height growth without adverse effects on periodicity. The provenance hybrids produced sufficiently promising results and additional exploitable phenotypic variation to warrant continued hybridization efforts.
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Novokreshchennykh, Victor V., and Irina A. Novokreshchennykh. "Archival Pedagogy as regards Forming Value Orientations of the Younger Generation: Schools and Universities." Herald of an archivist, no. 1 (2018): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2018-1-285-293.
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The article studies cooperation between archives and educational institutions in forming value orientation of the growing generation. The archival pedagogy is a young branch of pedagogy formed at the intersection of history, pedagogy, and allied disciplines, such as museology, archival hermeneutics, and local history. Currently, it actively penetrates archives’ activities. The article is to study and to identify means of such cooperation in a case-study of the work of the Municipal Archive of Perm with schools and universities. The novelty of study springs from materials on archival pedagogy. The authors look beyond local history and patriotism, and explore issues of Perm culture connected with preservation of the cultural heritage of the region. Perm art and science, as presented in the fonds of Municipal Archive of Perm, is examined according to local, national, and global discourse. Local history is projected on world history by contributions of individuals to art and science. Interaction of local and national aspects of culture within the framework of archival pedagogy events is studied on the material of Perm art book and from personal provenance fonds of artists S. R. Kovalev, E. V. Kamshilova, photographer M. I. Kusnetsov, and others. Professors of philology B. M. Proskurnin and N. S. Bochkareva display cooperation of regional and global components in their professional activity. Their personal provenance archival fonds may provide significant material for studying archival pedagogy. Components of regional culture became a basis of an intellectual quest game ‘Treasures and puzzles of Rasgulay,’ dedicated to the city founder, V. N. Tatischev. The article studies in great depth the 2017 event, dedicated to creative work of S. R. Kovalev, local graphic artist. There was an introductory lecture on problems of intermedia, an overview of personal provenance fonds of the archive, a presentation of the personal provenance fond of S. R. Kovalev, and then there was time for students' individual work with the files of the fond and for self-reflection, as students analyzed graphical reproductions and literary works of the artist.
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Bresnan, Damian F., Wayne A. Geyer, Keith D. Lynch, and George Rink. "Black Walnut Provenance Performance in Kansas." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 9, no. 2 (June 1, 1992): 41–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/9.2.41.
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Abstract Fifteen seed sources of black walnut were planted at Manhattan, Kansas (39.2°N and 96.5°W) in 1967, the western edge of its natural range. After 22 years, height, dbh, and survival measurements revealed that local trees (Kansas) and trees from within 200 miles south of the planting site grew tallest. Height and dbh correlations were highly significant and increased when compared to successive 5-yr interval measurements. Geographic and climatic variables of seed sources did not provide a significant predictive regression model. Low survival limited the success of some sources, such as two from Indiana, in this Kansas plantation. North. J. Appl. For. 9(2):41-43.
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Mihai, Georgeta, Alin-Madalin Alexandru, Ion-Andrei Nita, and Marius-Victor Birsan. "Climate Change in the Provenance Regions of Romania over the Last 70 Years: Implications for Forest Management." Forests 13, no. 8 (July 31, 2022): 1203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13081203.
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The recent climate change scenarios show significant increases in temperature and extreme drought events in Southern and Eastern Europe by the end of the 21st century, which will have a serious impact on forest growth and adaptation, and important consequences for forest management. The system of provenance regions, according to the OECD Scheme and EU Directive, was thought to encourage the use of the local seed sources, under the concept ‘local is the best’. However, climate is changing faster than some species or populations can adapt or migrate, which raises some uncertainties with respect to the future performance of local populations. In Romania, as in other countries, the delimitation of provenance regions is based on geographical, ecological and vegetation criteria. The aim of this study is to evaluate: (1) the climate change that has occurred at the level of the provenance regions; (2) which regions will be most vulnerable to climate change; (3) which forest types will be the most vulnerable in a certain region; and (4) changes in the climatic envelope of forest species. Several climatic parameters and an ecoclimatic indices have been calculated and analyzed at the level of provenance regions, subregions and ecological sectors (forest types) in Romania, during the period 1951–2020. The results highlight a general shift towards warmer and drier conditions in the last 30 years, the mean annual temperature increasing with 0.3–1.1 °C across the provenance subregions. The De Martonne aridity index for the vegetation season shows that 86% of the ecological sectors fell into the arid and semiarid categories, which indicates a very high degree of vulnerability for forest species. On the Lang rainfall index, forest steppe climatic conditions occurred in all pure or mixed pedunculate oak forests, thermophile oak species, meadow forests, poplar and willow, Turkey oak and Hungarian oak forests. The Ellenberg coefficient highlights that the warming process is more evident along the altitude and the degree of vulnerability increase at lower altitude or at the edge of species distribution. The climate envelopes of many forest species have already shifted to another ecosystem’s climate. This paper presents the importance of re-delineation the provenance regions for the production and deployment of forest reproductive materials according to the climate change occurred in the last decades, as a fundamental tool for an adaptive forest management.
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Li, Sheng Tao, Wei Dong Shi, Yang Zhang, Sen Qi Zhang, and Xiao Gang Shang. "Study on Formation Mechanism of High-Fluoride Groundwater in Guide Basin." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 2515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.2515.
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As high-fluoride poisoning is widespread in Guide Basin, formation mechanism study is of significance for local water quality improvement. Through analysis of regional geology, tectonics and petrography, the provenances are confirmed that metamorphic rocks from Archean to Lower Proterozoic periods are the original provenance of fluorine and the Miocene - Pliocene Guide Group stratum of fine lake sediments, which is rich in organic matter, is the secondary provenance. Moreover, confined groundwater occurring in the Guide Group stratum, which has a fluoride content of 0.32~4.57mg/L, is the main groundwater of high fluoride in the study area. The distribution of confined groundwater obviously controlled by the compression-tortion fault with NNW striking and tension-shear fault with NEE striking forms two abnormal centers. The anomaly area spreads around the NEE shear and forms an ellipse shape, which has a north-south width of 5km and a east-west length of approximately 10km. In further study, the distribution characteristics of high-fluoride groundwater in the plane is discovered generally to be consistent with the distribution of groundwater, and has a positive correlation with depth and temperature of boreholes. This phenomenon indicates that the high-fluoride groundwater is likely controlled by the geothermal anomaly, and the geological effects of thermal dynamics may play an important role in the control of fluorine in enrichment, migration and transformation.
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Formosa, Jean Paul, Frederick Lia, David Mifsud, and Claude Farrugia. "Application of ATR-FT-MIR for Tracing the Geographical Origin of Honey Produced in the Maltese Islands." Foods 9, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 710. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9060710.
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Maltese honey has been produced, marketed, and sold as an exclusive local gourmet food product for countless years. Yet, thus far, no study has evaluated the individuality of this local food product. The evaluation of the parameters and properties which characterise the provenance and floral source of honey have been the subject of various studies worldwide, owing to the price and potential beneficial properties of this food product. Models analysing the potential of attenuated total reflection mid-infrared (ATR-FT-MIR) spectroscopy in discriminating and classifying local honey from that of foreign origin were investigated using 21 Maltese honey samples and 49 honey samples collected from abroad (Sicily, Greece, Sweden, Italy, France, Estonia and other samples of mixed geographical origin). Through a combination of spectroscopic techniques, spectral transformations, variable selection and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), chemometric models which successfully classified the provenance of local and non-local honey were developed. The results of these models were also corroborated with other classification and pattern recognition techniques, such as linear discriminate analysis (LDA), support vector machines (SVM) and feed-forward artificial neural networks (FF-ANN).
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Zhang, Liangren. "CHINESE LACQUERWARES FROM BEGRAM: DATE AND PROVENANCE." International Journal of Asian Studies 8, no. 1 (January 2011): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479591410000239.
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In the 1930s, the French Archaeological Delegation discovered a few fragments of Chinese lacquerwares at the Hellenistic town of Begram in Afghanistan. These lacquerware fragments, along with other artifacts from this site, have puzzled generations of scholars. Through a comparison of these fragments with lacquerwares discovered in China proper and beyond, this article offers a new chronology of the period from 74 BC to AD 23. This temporal frame corresponds to a time when the social life of Begram is vague in historical records, but it appears that the local aristocracy, for a period of about a hundred years, must have had some political and economic interactions with the late Western Han and Xin dynasties.
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Ioannidis, Kostas, Marianthi Tsakaldimi, Katerina Koutsovoulou, Evangelia N. Daskalakou, and Petros Ganatsas. "Effect of Seedling Provenance and Site Heterogeneity on Abies cephalonica Performance in a Post-Fire Environment." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (May 28, 2021): 6097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116097.
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Reforestation constitutes a challenge in post-fire ecosystem restoration, although there are limitations such as species and genotype selection, planting and management design, and environmental conditions. In the present study, the basic issue is the longevity of Abies cephalonica Loudon—the Greek fir seedlings planted extensively in Parnitha National Park (Central Greece), located near the metropolitan city of Athens, following the large-scale wildfire of 2007. Seedling performance was assessed for a 3-year monitoring period (2013–2015) through the establishment of 8 permanent transects, including 400 seedlings at the burned, reforested sites. According to the long-term reforestation project, two seedling provenances were used: (a) from Mt. Mainalon (South Greece, Vytina provenance) and (b) the local one from Mt. Parnitha. Both provenances showed a relatively successful survival rate reaching, in average, 73.8%, with the first summer after planting being crucial for seedling survival. The overall mean seedling height was 39.2 ± 1.1 cm, with a mean crown diameter of 47.3 ± 1.4 cm in the last monitoring survey. Although Parnitha seedlings seem to perform better in terms of growth, seedling performance in both provenances was affected by reforestation site characteristics, mainly altitude and aspect. Approximately one third of seedlings exhibited damage in their crown architecture (29.8%), while apical bud damage was less extensive (12.2%) in the final field measurement. Data indicate that seedling performance has proved to be quite promising for post-fire restoration, although long-term monitoring data should be considered.
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Krauss, Siegfried L., Elizabeth A. Sinclair, John D. Bussell, and Richard J. Hobbs. "An ecological genetic delineation of local seed-source provenance for ecological restoration." Ecology and Evolution 3, no. 7 (June 5, 2013): 2138–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.595.
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