Journal articles on the topic 'Local multiplier effect'
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Huang, Daquan, Han He, and Tao Liu. "The Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors of Employment Multipliers in China’s Expanding Cities." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (January 23, 2021): 1016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031016.
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In the process of urbanization in developing countries, creating enough jobs to realize the transition from an agricultural population to a non-agricultural population is a major goal of development. The differences and localities of cities need to be considered in the policymaking process. This study estimated the local employment multipliers of expanding cities in China and calculated the employment multiplier of each city. First, there are obvious differences in the size of employment multipliers across cities; therefore, it is necessary to adopt different policies in employment promotion. Second, an inverted-U-shape relationship is detected between employment multiplier and city size, namely the larger the city, the greater the employment multiplier, but when the city size exceeds a certain value, the employment multiplier begins to decline. Third, different degrees of influence are generated by factors for cities at different levels of economic development. Based on the research results, we suggest that expansion of the trade sector be promoted in small- and medium-sized cities, to give full play to its employment multiplier effect; meanwhile, in large cities, the degree of specialization of the trade sector and diversification of the non-trade sector should be improved.
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Karyatun, Subur, Kadek Wiweka, Ramang H. Demolingo, Putu Pramania Adnyana, and Iffatunnisa Nurfikriyani. "TOURIST VILLAGE MULTIPLIER EFFECT STUDIES: SMALL SCALE APPROACH." International Journal of Management, Innovation & Entrepreneurial Research 6, no. 2 (January 1, 2021): 139–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/ijmier.2020.6213.
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Purpose of the Study: Tourism stakeholders and academics have begun to question the benefits of developing tourism in rural areas. This study aims to identify tourists, tourism entrepreneurs, and employees' characteristics and measure the multiplier effect for local communities in Nglanggeran tourist village, Yogyakarta. Specifically, this study measures income generation (direct, indirect, and induced), employment generation, and the multiplier effect of both.
Methodology: This research uses a descriptive quantitative approach. Primary data collection was carried out by the non-participant observation method (for four months). While the technique of determining the sample size (100 tourists, 51 entrepreneurs, and 62 employee respondents) used is non-probability sampling, referring to the Slovin formula with a margin of error of 10%.
Main Findings: This study found that local entrepreneurs can be categorized as small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Data analysis results show that tourism village had an important economic impact for local communities with a Keynesian income multiplier effect value of 2.57, 1.74 for the Income multiplier type I ratio, and 2.23 for the type II. While the employment multiplier value is 0.0000041.
Implication/Applications: This study's results can answer doubts about the economic benefits received by local communities from the development of the Tourism Village.
The originality of the study: This study is the latest research, especially considering the implementation of the multiplier effect formula on a small scale. However, this study has some limitations, such as the sample area used (Desa Wisata Nglanggeran) and the context of the tourism impacts studied. Further research is expected to reach other tourist villages and expand its studies to environmental and socio-culture issues.
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Suryanata, I. Gusti Ngurah Putra. "Investment multiplier effect expands tourism destinations." International research journal of management, IT and social sciences 6, no. 2 (March 19, 2019): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/irjmis.v6n2.606.
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The study is aimed at discussing the investment multiplier effect expands tourism destinations. The main problem is how can multiplier investments in the tourism sector minimize unemployment in Junjungan Village, Ubud, Bali. The results of the analysis and discussion show that the existence of investments influences many of the social and economic life of the community, because there are so many benefits or benefits obtained by both the Gianyar government and the local community as an integral part of the tourism business on the island, both in the form of tax and assistance provided to local communities to improve the quality of life and also training in the human resources. The more investment in this village, it is expected to be able to open as wide employment opportunities as possible. Therefore, unemployment is minimized and public income is expected to continue increasing.
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Asworo, Listiana. "Economic Development-Based on Local Tourism in Yogyakarta." Journal of Local Government Issues 1, no. 1 (March 19, 2018): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/logos.vol1.no1.105-126.
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Tourism sector has long been referred to as economic sector. It is believed that tourism is one of the factors causing multiplier effect that result in welfare on one side and community empowerement on another side. In order to realize the multiplier, effect all stakeholders should work in a synergy to develop tourism-based local economics. The article described how bottom-up approach, empowerement and local wisdom had given positive contribution towards tourism sector in Gua Pindul and at the same time improved the local economics.
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Asworo, Listiana. "Economic Development-Based on Local Tourism in Yogyakarta." Journal of Local Government Issues 1, no. 1 (March 19, 2018): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/logos.vol1.no1.46-60.
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Tourism sector has long been referred to as economic sector. It is believed that tourism is one of the factors causing multiplier effect that result in welfare on one side and community empowerement on another side. In order to realize the multiplier, effect all stakeholders should work in a synergy to develop tourism-based local economics. The article described how bottom-up approach, empowerement and local wisdom had given positive contribution towards tourism sector in Gua Pindul and at the same time improved the local economics.
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Rohyani, Indah, Dewi Noorsanti, Siti Nur Azizah, and Sri Wahyuningsih. "ANALISIS DAMPAK EFEK BERGANDA PADA PANTAI SUWUK DI DESA TAMBAK MULYO KECAMATAN PURING KABUPATEN KEBUMEN." Jurnal E-Bis (Ekonomi-Bisnis) 3, no. 1 (June 6, 2019): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37339/e-bis.v3i1.114.
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Suwuk Beach is one of the leading coastal tourism destinations in Kebumen Regency. In 2018 Suwuk beach is still an attractive destination for tourists with 287,085 tourists. This can bring economic benefits to the people in the Suwuk coastal area. To determine the impact of the economy, the researchers used a multiplier effect formula. The results found in this study are the multipliyer's effect on type I and II, namely Multiplier Effect 2.44, Keynesian Local Income Multiplier 1.2 and Ratio Income Multiplier of 1.6 so that tourism activities have an economic impact on people's income.
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Kolesnikov, Nikolai, and Natalia Kolesnikova. "Spatial economic effects of the use of local resources: case of cement-bonded wood fiber blocks." MATEC Web of Conferences 193 (2018): 03041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819303041.
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Use of local resources as a replace for resources brought from outside the region impacts the spatial allocation of value-added chains and causes spatial economic effects. Region benefits from multiplier economic effect caused by extra production volumes added within the region. Effects for national economy could be controversial if the replacing production is less efficient. The article considers the case of cement-bonded wood fiber construction blocks to be produced in the Republic of Karelia, Russia. Economic multiplier regional effects are assessed applying social accounting matrix approach.
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Corbi, Raphael, Elias Papaioannou, and Paolo Surico. "Regional Transfer Multipliers." Review of Economic Studies 86, no. 5 (November 27, 2018): 1901–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdy069.
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Abstract A series of discontinuities in the allocation mechanism of federal transfers to municipal governments in Brazil allow us to identify the causal effect of public spending on local labour markets, using a “fuzzy” Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD). Our estimates imply a cost per job of about 8,000 US dollars per year and a local income multiplier around two. The effect comes mostly from employment in services and is more pronounced among less financially developed municipalities.
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de Moraes Rocha, Roberta, and Breno Caldas de Araújo. "Local multiplier effect of the tradable sector on the Brazilian labor market." Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences 14, no. 3 (October 21, 2021): 269–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12076-021-00278-1.
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Ramli, Muh, Danial Sultan, and Ihsan Ihsan. "ANALISIS MULTIPLAYER EFFECT KEBERADAAN PELABUHAN PERIKANAN TERHADAP EKONOMI USAHA KULINER DI PANGKALAN PENDARATAN IKAN BEBA, KEC. GALESONG UTARA, KAB. TAKALAR." JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN TROPICAL FISHERIES (JOINT-FISH) : Jurnal Akuakultur, Teknologi Dan Manajemen Perikanan Tangkap, Ilmu Kelautan 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 74–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33096/joint-fish.v4i1.92.
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This study aims to identify the types of economic activity, characteristics and perceptions of visitors, business actors, labor towards culinary businesses and to determine the multiplier effect and sustainable development strategies for culinary businesses on the economic growth of local communities. This research was conducted from November 2020 to January 2021 at the Beba Fish Landing Base, Galesong Utara, Takalar Regency. This research uses simple random sapling technique. The data of this study consisted of primary data and secondary data. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires and field observations then analyzed descriptively and multiple impact analysis (Multiplier Effect) then analyzed using a SWOT analyst. Based on the research results, there are two types of economic activities in PPI Beba, namely, fishery activities and supporting activities (culinary business) of food made from fish as the main ingredient. In general, visitors who come to PPI Beba are aged between 45 years and over with the majority of jobs being civil servants with 51% of the total visitors as a whole the rest are entrepreneurs. While the majority of business actors are women in the age range of 40 - 50 years and over. Meanwhile, 81.8% of the culinary business workforce are women with the highest level of education in Elementary Schools. In general, the three recipes gave an assessment of the PPI Beba condition which was far from good. is the main business. The characteristics of the workforce are 74.3% female and 25.7% male, with the status of 65.7% being married and ages ranging from 28 - 45 years. And in general, visitors have a perception or give a moderate to good assessment of the accessibility to PPI Beba. Culinary efforts at PPI Beba have a real economic impact on the local community. The economic impacts arising from these activities are direct impacts, indirect impacts, and induce impacts as measured by the multiplier effect value, where the results of this study obtained a multiplier effect value of 2.15 for the Keynesian Income Multiplier; 1.10 for the income multiplier type I ratio, and 1.14 for the income multiplier type II ratio. This shows that the culinary business at PPI Beba can be developed into culinary tourism to see the opportunities that exist.
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David, Březina, Hlaváčková Petra, Michal Jakub, Slováčková Hana, and Meňházová Jitka. "Quantification of the influence of Písek City Forests Ltd. on the local economy of the region." Journal of Forest Science 64, No. 9 (October 8, 2018): 371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/35/2018-jfs.
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The aim of this paper is to highlight the possible way of quantification of the impact of forest enterprise and forest management on the economic and social development of the territory by using the methodology of the local multiplier calculation and identifying potential cash flows associated with the implementation of socioeconomic functions of forest ecosystems. The economic indicators to be analysed are the local expenditures of Písek City Forests Ltd. on suppliers and employees in 2015. The local multiplier is a specific microeconomic indicator which enables quantification and evaluation of socioeconomic benefits of the selected operator for the local people and entrepreneurs. The results of the specific university research project of Mendel University in Brno with the title: Quantification of the Influence of the Selected Forestry Enterprise on the Local Economy of the Region will allow us to evaluate the effect of the special-purpose forest enterprise and forest management on the economic and social development as well as to identify the potential cash flows related to the fulfilment of socioeconomic functions of the forest ecosystems in the area of interest of Písek City Forests Ltd.
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Bergman, Nittai K., Rajkamal Iyer, and Richard T. Thakor. "The Effect of Cash Injections: Evidence from the 1980s Farm Debt Crisis." Review of Financial Studies 33, no. 11 (February 7, 2020): 5092–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhaa012.
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Abstract What is the effect of cash injections during financial crises? Exploiting county-level variation arising from random weather shocks during the 1980s Farm Debt Crisis, we analyze and measure the effect of local weather-driven cash flow shocks on the real and financial sectors. We show that such cash flow shocks significantly affect a host of economic outcomes, including land values, loan delinquency rates, the probability of bank failure, employment, and wages. Estimates of the effect of local cash flow shocks on county income levels during the financial crisis yield a multiplier of 1.63.
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Denny, Agustinus, Liyushiana ., and Dewi Yanti. "ANALISIS MULTIPLIER EFFECT DAN PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN PUSAT INFORMASI WISATA." Jurnal IPTA 9, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ipta.2021.v09.i02.p10.
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The existence of the Toba Caldera National Geopark Information Center is an indicator of the seriousness of the government in tapping the potential of Lake Toba with the World-recognized National Geopark approach. Therefore, it is very interesting to explore the impact of the Toba Caldera National Geopark Information Center, especially for the surrounding community. On the one hand, the existence of the Toba Caldera National Geopark Information Center as one of the tourist information centers is a question of whether it is really needed, considering that tourists can now access digital information. Therefore this study seeks to see how the Toba Caldera National Geopark Information Center applies the principle of sustainable development to maintain its existence. This research method is a combination of the quantitative Keynesian Income Multiplier method and interview techniques with the sustainable tourism development approach of the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) by combining practical principles. The results obtained show that economically, the Toba Caldera National Geopark Information Center has an encouraging impact on the number 1: 1.26, meaning that for each additional tourist expenditure of IDR 10,000, local income will increase by IDR 12,600. On the other hand, the Toba Caldera National Geopark Information Center has attempted to apply the principles of sustainable tourism development in view of the dimensions of business quality, social sustainability and environmental balance recommended by UNWTO, but improvements are needed for aspects of tourism facilities and activities.
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Towe, Charles, and Chad Lawley. "The Contagion Effect of Neighboring Foreclosures." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 5, no. 2 (May 1, 2013): 313–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.5.2.313.
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We examine the contagion effect of residential foreclosures and find strong evidence of a social interactions influence on default decisions where the interaction is based on neighbors' behavior in a previous period. Using a unique spatially explicit parcel-level dataset documenting residential foreclosures in Maryland for the years 2006–2009 and a highly localized neighborhood definition, based on 13 nearest neighbors, we find that a neighbor in foreclosure increases the hazard of additional defaults by 18 percent. This feedback effect goes beyond a temporary reduction in local house prices and implies a negative social multiplier effect of foreclosures. (JEL R23, R31)
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Suwardi, Akbar. "Pengeluaran Pemerintah Daerah, Produktivitas Pertanian, dan Kemiskinan di Indonesia." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia 12, no. 1 (July 1, 2011): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21002/jepi.v12i1.287.
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This study aims to determine the relationship between local government spending, agricultural productivity, and poverty in Indonesia for the period of 2005-2008. Using econometric models of the panel and panelsimultaneous, this study find the evidence that local government spending on infrastructure and education significantly affect agricultural productivity and poverty. The study also found that the value of multiplier effect of local government spending on poverty, roads is the largest, followed by education (the literacy rate) and irrigation.
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Wiedermann, Krzysztof. "Industry and its Surroundings – Multiplier Effects and Embeddedness of Companies." Studies of the Industrial Geography Commission of the Polish Geographical Society 32, no. 4 (November 27, 2018): 176–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20801653.324.11.
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Research of industrial enterprises concerning their impact on the surroundings through multiplier effects is becoming more and more important due to changes in the organisation of production processes. They mainly result from the increasing technological advancement of products and the need to achieve the expected financial effect, which is possible only through large-scale production. The result of these components is a continuous increase in the specialisation of both companies and individual industrial plants. These processes are reflected in contemporary models of industrialisation, which show that companies operate on the basis of more and more complex value-added chains. This increases the indirect impact of enterprises on the development of the surroundings. The article aims to present the mechanism of functioning of multiplier effects and indicate factors that affect different sizes, as well as the scale of their range. It also presents the evolution of the idea of multiplier effects on the ground of macroeconomics and shows the contribution of Polish researchers to this trend of knowledge. It should be noted that the research to date in this area is not often undertaken both on scientific grounds and in the field of broadly understood economic consulting for the benefit of local government units, which results mainly from the lack of data. The need to obtain detailed data, particularly financial data, within the company chain is a crucial barrier.
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Sugiyanta, Sugiyanta. "ANALISIS BELANJA MODAL DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHINYA PADA PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN/KOTA DI INDONESIA." JURNAL AKUNTANSI UNIVERSITAS JEMBER 14, no. 1 (August 30, 2016): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jauj.v14i1.2504.
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Infrastructure development is one of important aspects in achieving high economic growth of all regions in Indonesia. On the other hand, portion of capital expenditure in the budget of Local Government spending a very important component for the realization of capital expenditure undertaken local governments will have a multiplier effect to drive the regional economy. Therefore, the higher the ratio of capital spending in the budget structure, is expected to be the better its impact on economic growth. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of Local Independence (Local Own Source Revenue/PAD), General Purpose Grant DAU, Specific Purpose Grant (DAK), Shared Fund (DBH), Personnel Expenditures, and Surplus of Budget Financing (Silpa) in allocating of capital expenditures. Population of this research is the local goverment in Indonesia with year study period from 2011 to 2013. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis to examine the effect between variables. The result of this study shows that empirical evidence that Specific Purpose Grant and Surplus of Budget Financing has positive effects to capital expenditure. While the Local Own Source Revenue General Purpose Grant, Shared Fund, and personnel expenditures also holds negative effects to capital expendicture.
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Kryukov, Valerij A., Nikita I. Suslov, and Miron A. Yagolnitser. "AN APPROACH TO FORM A CONCEPT OF COMPLEX DEVELOPMENT OF ASIAN RUSSIA: FROM PROBLEMS THROUGH PROJECTS TO SCENARIOS." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 3, no. 1 (May 21, 2021): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2021-3-1-3-15.
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In the article both economic development problems of the Asian Russia, and their resource potential are discussed including mineral resources, forests, bio-resources, and geographic areas having strategic importance. Asignificant part of Asian Russia is situated in the permafrost and Arcticzones with sever climate, which both makes costlier local production and raises environmental risks. Poor development level and connectivity should be additionally mentioned which hinsumcreatesadem and to prepare and to use new approaches to projection of development of its socio-economic system. The theoretical basis for a methodological approach to the formation of scenarios for the development of Asian Russia based on the concept of the "big push", are substantiated. A methodology for assessing the multiplier effect of inter-industry interaction of the mineral resource sector on other sectors of the economy, based on the use of multivariate econometric models, is proposed. Using the proposed methodology, the multipliers of the impact of the mineral sector on GDP and employment were calculated.
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Bayzakov, S. B., and M. K. Uandykova. "Innovative development of the regions and multiplier-based performance impact assessment of local resources." Russian Journal of Industrial Economics 13, no. 2 (July 2, 2020): 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2020-2-167-181.
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One of the most important tasks of innovative development of a country and its regions is building an innovative vector of development essential for reaching a competitive level and economic growth. The authors have explored tasks and issues and tasks connected with quantitative explanation of still unresolved dependence of export-oriented countries’ economic growth on export volumes and prices in the foreign market. They used a three- way model of innovative development to study the productivity of resources in different areas of development.As a result of their research the authors introduced a different approach to the notion of innovative development. It allows researchers to view it as a system and integrity in three co-related directions: technique and technology, currency and finance, and society and politics. Thus, they have the opportunity to estimate how much each sector of national (regional) economy individually and all of them together contribute to the economic growth. This approach provides the opportunity to examine the basic holistically co-related directions which allow measuring the level of innovative development, estimating the economy’s innovativeness, determining and viewing differently the innovative paradigm. The authors used mathematical model to study and introduce productivities of major types of resources. They point out that effective functioning of economy (including financial) makes it possible to develop industries gradually and to smooth out economic development of the regions, to avoid structural shifts and disproportions in economy which finally results in the possibility of productive implementation of programs of the country’s innovative development.The authors have systematically studied the correlation between the productivity of resources and the achievement of systematic multiplier effect (there is no wide research found on this problem, the authors dealt with individual indicators of multiplier effect)
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Nzima, Divane, Vusumzi Duma, and Philani Moyo. "Migration and Local Development: The Multiplier Effect of Migrant Remittances on Non-recipient Households in Tsholotsho, Zimbabwe." Migracijske i etničke teme / Migration and Ethnic Themes 33, no. 2 (2017): 143–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11567/met.33.2.2.
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Prihatini, Juliati, and Siti Zulaika. "The Factors Causing Changes in Community Livelihoods Around the Industrial Area in Sinarbaya Village, Teluk Jambi Sub-district, Karawang District, West Java Province." International Journal of Applied Business and International Management 6, no. 1 (April 20, 2021): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32535/ijabim.v6i1.1090.
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Sinarbaya village in Teluk Jambe district has less productive land, yet it has strategic location for industrial area, that the land was sold to business owners causing the local people change their livelihoods from agricultural sector to industrial sector. The presence of the industry around the village is not automatically able to hire a large number of workers from local people, due to the fact that the required skills do not meet the requirement. This study aims to find out the factors causing changes in community livelihoods. The method used in this study was descriptive qualitative. The data collection techniques conducted through interviews and documentation. The result showed that the presence of industry has a multiplier effect on local people, yet the effect brings benefit to the government.
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Crevoisier, Olivier, and Delphine Rime. "Anchoring Urban Development: Globalisation, Attractiveness and Complexity." Urban Studies 58, no. 1 (January 13, 2020): 36–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098019889310.
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Since the work of Hoyt in the 1930s, economic theories of urban development have stressed the primacy of manufacturing because of the existence of a regional multiplier effect. This model was extended to traded services and, in the last 10 years, to the residential and presential economy, taking into account the fact that mobile consumers and residents also bring monetary flows into regions. The city today is both a productive agglomeration and a place of living, for both local and extra-local consumers, heralding the end of the primacy of manufacturing. In this article, we go a step further and consider the primacy of other kinds of export, either based on selling competitive goods or on attracting consumers. Due to changes in globalisation and to the rise of interurban competition for spending, incomes earned on exports are less and less likely to be spent locally, and instead flow out, progressively invalidating the multiplier effect. Consequently, the hypothesis of this article is that the main issue for urban development theories and practices is combining competitiveness in terms of exports with attractiveness to local as well as to external consumers. In this article, we call complexity the idea of pushing aside the focus on exports in order to understand the tensions and synergies between all activities and populations present within the urban space. In order to formulate new research questions, we build a typology of urban income flows and activities.
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Mangiri, Ditha, Hermanto Siregar, and Ernan Rustiadi. "Dampak Ekonomi dan Strategi Pengembangan Wisata Danau Sentani di Kabupaten Jayapura." Journal of Regional and Rural Development Planning 4, no. 1 (April 2, 2020): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jp2wd.2020.4.1.31-42.
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Economic Impacts and Development Strategies for Lake Sentani Tourism in Jayapura Regency
Lake Sentani tourism is a type of natural tourism. Management of the natural tourism is in the form of collaboration between the local government and local communities by relying on the beauty and panorama of the nature. Aims of this study are (1) to estimate the economic value of Lake Sentani tourism which is expected to have an impact to the local economy and benefit the surrounding communities, and (2) to formulate effective strategies for managing the natural tourism. Data collection was conducted through field survey and interview. Data used were on tourist expenditure, labor, business income, number of tourists, and perceptions and preferences of stakeholders towards the development of Lake Sentani tourism. The sampling method used was the purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 133 persons. The method of analysis used were Individual Travel Cost Method (ITCM), multiplier effect, and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Analysis results show that Lake Sentani tourism had a low economic impact on the local economy development and communities around the area with a value of Keynesian income multiplier of 0.93. In order to develop Lake Sentani tourism, the proposed strategy is ecologically based, supported by the role of local government stakeholder as regulator who are responsible for advancing the welfare of business people involved in all activities related to Lake Sentani tourism.
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Bangun, R. H., L. Hakim, and Jayusman. "The Contribution of Gambir (Uncaria gambir roxb) Based Agroforestry System on Regional Development in Pakpak Bharat District, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 912, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/912/1/012013.
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Abstract Gambir (Uncaria Gambir Roxb.) is one of the non-timber forest product commodities developed by Pakpak Bharat society has beneficial for the health and raw materials of the industry. This research aims to determine the contribution of gambir to the local economy, identifying the district production base of gambir commodities as well as characteristics of spreading gambir commodities to support the economic development of the Pakpak Bharat District. The study was using secondary data of time series from 2015 to 2019. Location Quotient (LQ) was used for localization and specialization analysis, as well as for basic service ratio (BSR) and regional multiplier (RM) analysis. The results showed that the region of the gambir commodity base based on the production indicator consists of Salak subdistrict, Sitellu Tali Urung Jehe sub-district, Pergetteng Getteng Sengkut sub-district, and Tinada sub-district. The gambir community forest is not concentrated in one region but is scattered in several sub-districts. Pakpak Bharat District also does not specialize in gambir community forest. Gambir commodities can support plantation activities and the regional economy in Pakpak Bharat District. The existence of the gambir community forest supports economic activity in the form of the multiplier effect generated for the sub-districts in Pakpak Bharat District. The multiplier effect is generated in the form of increasing community income and the absorption of manpower both in the plantation subsectors and other sectors.
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Shi, Jia Lu, Cheng Xin Wang, Hong Yan Liu, and Xue Qin Wang. "Study on the Chain Effect of Spring Tourism in Ji'nan." Advanced Materials Research 869-870 (December 2013): 870–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.869-870.870.
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As a comprehensive industry, Tourisms development can faster the overall ascension of a city. The multiplier effects caused by tourism attract more and more researchers attention. . Jinan is an open city which is famous for its springs. At present, the evaluation about the chain effects of Jinan tourism effect is still vacant. Taking Jinan as an example, from three aspects including economy, society and ecology by empirical analysis, the cascading positive influence that the spring tourism brought to Jinan is discussed. And it conformed that spring tourism development is of far-reaching significance for Jinan from different angles, such as accelerating tertiary industry development, the industrial structure optimization, increasing the foreign exchange income, industrial branding, urbanization develop with a faster speed, a profound impact on spiritual value, local traditional folk revival, the awakening of consciousness of ecological civilization , increasing green area and reforming urban environment and reducing the environmental pollution.
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Macdonald, Rhona L., and J. K. Swales. "The Local Employment Impact of a Hypermarket: A Modified Multiplier Analysis Incorporating the Effect of Lower Retail Prices." Regional Studies 25, no. 2 (April 1991): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00343409112331346367.
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Hidayat, Avicenna S., and Frederic Winston Nalle. "ANALISIS PENGARUH BELANJA PEMERINTAH, TENAGA KERJA, DAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI REGIONAL PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR TAHUN 2010-2015." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan 15, no. 1 (August 25, 2017): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jep.v15i1.4647.
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Regional economic growth is expressed in the Gross Domestic Regional Product is a good indicator in analyzing the economic conditions of a region. East Java is a province with high regional economic growth. This is supported by adequate government spending, labor, and local revenue. In terms of government expenditure that always experienced increase, indicating more activities financed by the government budget so that the expected multiplier effect is also greater. On the other side of the labor force, East Java has great potential, 19, 36 million people by 2015. Finally, in terms of Original Local Government Revenue, in 2015 the percentage of realization of Original Local Government Revenue East Java is even able to exceed the percentage of realization of state revenues derived from taxes. This study aims to determine the effect of government spending, labor, and Original Local Government Revenue on regional economic growth in 38 districts / cities in the Province of East Java period 2010-2015. Using panel data analysis, it was found that government spending, labor, and Original Local Government Revenue variables were positively and significantly influenced regional economic growth.
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李, 雪增. "Research of Employment Multiplier Effect Based on Shift-Share Method—The Impact of Manufacture Sector on Local Service Sector." Sustainable Development 10, no. 05 (2020): 755–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/sd.2020.105093.
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Mulyanto. "The Social Impact and Enviromental Risks of Public Oil Mining in Musi Banyuasin Regency South Sumatera Province." E3S Web of Conferences 68 (2018): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186802002.
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The oil mining was firstly performed in Musi Banyuasin Regency by the end of the 1990s as performed by the people on old wells of Standard Vacuum Oil Company which was no longer engaged in oil production activities. The crude oil is then refined into gasoline (premium), kerosene and gas oil (solar). Due to the increasing oil mining activities, the local government of Musi Banyuasin Regency stipulated a Local Regulation No.27 of 2006 concerning the sale of public oil mining products. In this local regulation, people are only paid for their work drawing out the crude oil, which is valued at a low price and is not suited with the workload. Since then, the people have not only performed mining for crude oil from old wells, but also by performing their own mining activities, especially for the mining field with a depth of 100 - 200 meters. The result is that the crude oil trade in the Musi Banyuasin Regency is increasingly widespread, either for the crude or distilled oil. This study aimed to describe, analyze and interpret social impact, environmental risks and multiplier effect of illegal public oil mining. This study used the paradigm of critical theory. The results showed there are some social impacts on people's lives in the mining and refinery sites. The positive impact is the shift of livelihood activities, from rubber farmers to oil miners, both as investors, traders, workers and oil takers, so that the multiplier effect of this activity is highly perceived by the community in their lives. The negative impact is the polarization in the life of society, such as gambling, drug distribution, red-light district and environmental degradation due to oil spills and distillation.
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Waluya, Bagja, Elly Malihah, Mamat Ruhimat, and Erlina Wiyanarti. "Tourism Revitalization Based on Local Wisdom in ‘Saba Budaya’ of Baduy." Jurnal Geografi Gea 22, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/gea.v22i1.45571.
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Tourism impact is the multiplier effect. But its development so far caused negative impacts such as the damage to natural environment and degradation of local culture, as happened to tourism in the Baduy tribe. Sustainable cultural tourism and local wisdom-based revitalization in Baduy are necessary. This research aims to dig the value of ‘Saba Budaya Baduy’ as a reference for its revitalization. The research method used is qualitative descriptive. Research result shows that Baduy tribe traditional village has various local wisdom value, both tangible and intangible that can be grouped in the form of historical-philosophical value, the tradition of traditional ceremonies, farming, arts, taking care of nature, community entertainment, and the way of building a home. Aside from having the attraction of scarcity, naturalism, and uniqueness, its local wisdom also holds the value that can be a reference for preservation efforts and the aspects of its revitalization. Revitalization through ‘Saba Budaya Baduy’ refers to the value of local wisdom and sustainable tourism can be implemented to develop Baduy tourism under the desire of the community and protect its sustainability.
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DR. AHAM IKWUMEZIE, PROF. COSMAS C. ALUGBUO, DR. (MRS.) CHIGOZIE UGOCHUKWU OKORO, and DR. POLYCAP IGBOJIEKWE. "Measuring the contribution of specific cultural festival to growth of Nigeria’s GDP through average tourists spending." International Journal on Integrated Education 3, no. 12 (December 3, 2020): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i12.905.
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Tourists spending behaviours play major role in the potential of cultural festival to create forward linkage with other indicators of the gross domestic product (GDP). This study focused on evaluating tourists spending behaviour on the different types of cultural festivals in Nigeria to determine their direct, indirect and induced effect on each naira of direct sales and number of jobs supported. A total of 9,984 respondents were surveyed across six states (1,664 in each state). We employed Stynes fairly complete micro-computer-based system for estimating economic impacts of recreation and tourism; and the money generating model (MGM) in the data analysis, to estimate the direct and total sales, marginal earning on each naira (income) and employment effects of tourists’ spending on state and local government revenues. At α = 0.79 we found that earning on each naira of tourist spending at the Igue cultural festival Benin city, the Riye musical festival Abeokuta, the Ofala cultural festival Onitsha, Calabar carnival, Calabar, the Kwagh hir Masquerade festival Makurdi and the Arugungun fishing festival Gusau in that order added 61 kobo, 61 kobo, 62 kobo, 89 kobo, 30 kobo and 30kobo respectively in secondary effect or induced effect. In the same order, the multiplier effect of the spending supported 2 local jobs; 2,700 local jobs; 400 local jobs; 27,000 local jobs; 15 local jobs and 21,850 local jobs respectively in the respective states. The study recommends the need to measure tourists spending within well defined categories to identify not only the kinds of products and services being purchased and the types of businesses directly receiving these funds but to also identify the sectors receiving the spending. This is important as it ties changes in tourists spending to a regional economic model.
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Abdullah, Zulkifli, Noraini Ismail, and Suzaida Bakar. "Economic Impact from the Existence of Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) in Muadzam Shah Town, Pahang, Malaysia: An Input-Output Approach." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.38 (December 3, 2018): 814. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.38.27551.
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Muadzam Shah is a small town in Rompin District, Pahang, Malaysia, established in 1979 by the South-East Pahang Development Authority (DARA). It is a quiet and tranquil agricultural based economy area and is a brainchild of Malaysia’s second Prime Minister Tun Abdul Razak. The advent of University Tenaga Nasional in 2001 had changed the landscape of the local economy. Following the concept of “Town University”, UNITEN has successfully contributed to amplify the local economy into a greater level, from the oil-palm industry area to a multi-sectoral economy such as retailing sector, food industries, hospitality as well as healthcare industry. Besides, UNITEN also serves as a medium of community and intellectual development between the academia and the society. By adopting Leontief input-output approach, this paper is designed to determine the economic multiplier effect that students and faculty staffs have on the local economy and community in Muadzam Shah.
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Dzhurka, Natalya. "Estimating the Effects of Economic Interactions in a Hierarchically Organized Space: Possibilities of the Balance Method." Spatial Economics 18, no. 4 (2022): 9–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/se.2022.4.009-035.
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In this paper we discuss the capabilities of input-output tables for obtaining the estimates of system effects generated by interregional interactions in the hierarchically organized space. Two options of integrating the concepts of interregional interactions and central place are presented, one of which implies the a priori, the other – the a posteriori solution to the problem of identifying (constructing) a market hierarchy. While the first one is used only in situations when the system effects are reduced to the spill-over of economic activity from the periphery to the center, the second one is used in more general situations when the system effects include not only spill-over effects but also the feedback effects. We consider the feedback loop input-output analysis, which allows us to get a posteriori estimates of regions distribution by the levels of spatial hierarchy. And determine that it had varying effectiveness for the cases of Japan and Russia. In accordance with the existing methods of decomposition of spatial multipliers the system effects of interregional interactions are determined, on the one hand, as a residual multiplier effect obtained after identifying the effects of intra-regional interactions, on the other hand, as a result of superposition of the effects of interregional interactions within the framework of dyads, triads, tetrads, etc. composed of regions. In order to obtain estimates of the system effects generated by interactions on markets of different levels (provided that these levels are identified), we propose the method of localizable partition, organizing the calculation of the structural blocks of spatial multipliers in the ‘from the general to the particular’ logic (from the system effects of interactions on the national market to the effects of interactions on local markets). On the basis of this method, we estimate the size and structure of the system effects absorbed by the economies of the three central regions of Japan (Kanto, Chubu, Kinki), which form the core of the national economic space
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Wu, Hongtao, Lei Jia, Ying Meng, Xiao Liu, and Jinhui Lan. "A Novel Adaptive Non-Local Means-Based Nonlinear Fitting for Visibility Improving." Symmetry 10, no. 12 (December 11, 2018): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym10120741.
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The spatial-based method has become the most widely used method in improving the visibility of images. The visibility improving is mainly to remove the noise in the image, in order to trade off denoising and detail maintaining. A novel adaptive non-local means-based nonlinear fitting method is proposed in this paper. Firstly, according to the smoothness of the intensity around the central pixel, eight kinds of templates with different precision are exploited to approximate the central pixel through a novel adaptive non-local means filter design; the approximate weight coefficients of templates are derived from the approximation credibility. Subsequently, the fractal correction is used to smooth the denoising results. Eventually, the Rockafellar multiplier method is employed to generalize the smooth plane fitting to any geometric surface, thus yielding the optimal fitting of the center pixel approximation. Through a large number of experiments, it is clearly elucidated that compared with the classical spatial iteration-based methods and the recent denoising algorithms, the proposed algorithm is more robust and has better effect on denoising, while keeping more original details during denoising.
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Wijonarko, Gugus, and Amaliyah Amaliyah. "Social Economic Changes of Local Communities in Affected Locations Post-Development of Lamong Bay Terminal." Jurnal Transportasi Multimoda 20, no. 1 (July 30, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/mtm.v20i1.2141.
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Infrastructure development drives changes in livelihoods, incomes, and social status. The construction of the Teluk Lamong Terminal is a phenomenon of community social change that originates from environmental changes. This study aims to explain the socio-economic changes in the surrounding community after constructing the Teluk Lamong Terminal. This research was conducted using a descriptive method by interviewing 161 employees who are also part of the local community. This study found that most people felt the socio-economic changes that occurred because of the multiplier effect in the economic field, such as opening business opportunities. In the social field, changes also occur in social relations in the community, namely the improvement in conditions of social harmony and the role of PT. Teluk Lamong Terminal in terms of repairing various infrastructures in the affected areas. Through the concept of Green Port and Green Culture, PT. Teluk Lamong Terminal also creates cultural changes in the community to participate consistently in protecting the environment.
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Huet-Vaughn, Emiliano. "Stimulating the Vote: ARRA Road Spending and Vote Share." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 11, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 292–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.20170151.
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This paper estimates the impact of public good spending on voting behavior in the United States, using a quasi-experimental design and the distribution of American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) road projects in New Jersey. I find an approximate 1.5 percentage point increase in Democratic Party presidential vote share in areas close to highway and bridge expenditures. I consider two alternative mechanisms: one, a salience mechanism whereby spending and associated “funded-by” signage affect political preferences; the other, a possible political multiplier effect whereby stimulus spending improves local economic outcomes, generating incumbent votes. Evidence is inconsistent with the later explanation. (JEL D72, H41, H54, H76, R42)
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Singh, Alok. "Perspective of Developer, Buyer, Financier and Equity Participants in Real Estate Project Development Process in India: An important constituent of Construction Industry." International Journal of Management Excellence 8, no. 2 (February 28, 2017): 932–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/ijme.v8i2.886.
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The real estate project development is an important constituent of construction industry. The other important constituent of construction industry is infrastructure development. The construction industry drives and impacts many other industries and has a substantial multiplier effect on various sectors and hence on economic output as well as on employment scenarios. This article discusses multiplier effect of construction industry on few of the important economic indicators and further focuses on real estate project development process. The real estate project development process starts from land acquisition to sales and marketing. The internal stakeholders in real estate project development process are real estate developers, real estate buyers and the real estate financers. The paper discusses alternatives for real estate developers, the opportunistic schemes for real estate buyers, and the role of portfolio of financing agencies as well as the role of multitudes of equity participants. It also describes about the regulatory institutions active in real estate project development and promotion process. The real estate projects are developed by organized real estate project developer as well as by unorganized real estate project developers or local builders. This article contributes regarding the challenges and opportunities among the real estate buyers, real estate developers, portfolio of financial schemes offered by real estate financers and the opportunities for real estate equity participants.
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Lestari, Eny, Agung Wibowo, and Paramita Rahayu. "Cultural Transformation in the Development of Home Industries in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java, Indonesia." E3S Web of Conferences 316 (2021): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131604002.
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The development of home industries based on cultural values is one of the strategies used by the Indonesian government to alleviate poverty in rural communities. In the development of home industries, a model of cultural transformation based on local wisdom offers opportunities for communities to show their local identity and local potential as well as displaying their own uniqueness. The goal of this research is to discover how the transformation of local culture based on local wisdom takes place in the development of home industries in rural communities. The research method is qualitative and uses a case study approach which examines the shift in cultural values and the importance of local wisdom in the development of home industries. In this case study, the data collection includes various sources, such as observation, interviews, FGDs, audio visual material, documents, and reports. The research results show that the development of home industries in rural areas is full of dynamics in the cultural transformation from an agrarian culture to an industrial culture. This cultural transformation has a multiplier effect and acts as a trigger and determining factor in rural development.
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Chen, Jian-Yu, Suk-Jun Lim, Hyun-Jung Nam, and Joe Phillips. "Local culture as a corporate social responsibility multiplier: Confucian values' mediation between firm policies and employees' attitude." Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration 12, no. 3/4 (August 3, 2020): 387–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjba-04-2019-0088.
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PurposeThe Western-centric nature of research into corporate social responsibility (CSR) has left gaps in one’s understanding of local culture's role in augmenting or undermining the impact of firms' CSR policies. This paper constructs and tests variables measuring “Confucian values” mediation between Chinese employees' perceived CSR and their job satisfaction, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior.Design/methodology/approachThe hypotheses were tested through structural equation modeling, using data from 311 responses completed by employees at Chinese private companies, located in China's Cheng-Yu economic area (Chongqing and Chengdu).FindingsChinese employees' perceived CSR had a positive significant effect on job attitudes (job satisfaction and organizational commitment). However, perceived CSR had no significant positive impact on organizational citizenship behavior. The authors also found that Confucian values are a partial mediator between perceived CSR and job attitudes and a full mediator between perceived CSR and organizational citizenship behavior.Originality/valueThe results enrich one’s understanding of cultural values in these relationships and suggest further research into how firms and governments in Confucian-based societies can better operationalize Confucian values to argument the firm's and country's CSR identity, thus improving job attitudes and public relations among customers who share this cultural heritage. For non-Confucian societies and foreign firms operating in China, the results encourage searches for Confucian value substitutes, such as trust and education, to incorporate into CSR mechanisms that promote these values among employees. The authors suggest approaches for furthering these agendas.
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Sabal, Jhon Louie B., and Ma Kresna Navarro-Mansueto. "A Snapshot of the Crisis of COVID-19: Estimate of the Employment Impact Due to Lockdowns in Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines." Journal of Emergency Management and Disaster Communications 02, no. 02 (December 2021): 171–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2689980921500068.
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When coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) became a national health crisis, the local government of the Cagayan de Oro City (CDOC) did not implement total lockdown. The COVID-19 Adjustment Measure Program adopted by the local government probably affected the April 2020 Labor Force Survey that showed that Region 10 posted an employment rate of 88.9%, which is higher than the national average of 82.3% (Department of Labor and Employment, Region Office No. X (DOLE-X). NorMin secures highest employment rate amid COVID 19. 2020. Available from: https://pia.gov.ph/news/articles/1044898 [Accessed 9th May 2021]). Despite the regional figure being 6.6 percentage points higher than the national one, there is a decrease in employed persons by around 400,000 from 2.302 million persons employed in April 2019 to 1.883 million in April 2020 (Department of Labor and Employment, Region Office No. X (DOLE-X). NorMin secures highest employment rate amid COVID 19. 2020. Available from: https://pia.gov.ph/news/articles/1044898 [Accessed 9th May 2021]). Hence, the study determines the effect of COVID-19 protective measures implemented by the government on the economy of CDOC. Using the barangay-level and selected sectoral-level data on business registration, and employment data between 2010 and 2019, the study estimates that one-week lockdown means a ₱1,825 loss of income for a minimum-wage employee. One-month lockdown costs ₱7,300 foregone income, while one-quarter lockdown (or a half of six months) is equivalent to ₱21,900 income loss. We recommend 10 policy interventions, but the government should also think big and invest its resources into programs that create a multiplier effect on the economy. Multipliers are interventions that create ripples or positive impacts on other sectors and/or economic participants.
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Parrilla-González, Juan Antonio. "Does the Tourism Development of a Destination Determine Its Socioeconomic Development? An Analysis through Structural Equation Modeling in Medium-Sized Cities of Andalusia, Spain." Land 10, no. 4 (April 5, 2021): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10040378.
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Medium-sized European cities have been playing an increasingly significant role in the economic development of countries in recent decades, establishing themselves as genuinely specialized local production systems with great potential for stimulating the economy and generating added value. In many of these cities, in addition, tourism has become an incredibly strong economic activity with the capacity to stimulate local economies, as it contributes to the enhancement of endogenous resources and the generation of a multiplier effect on other economic sectors. This paper uses a structural equation model to demonstrate, first, that a direct relationship exists between tourism development and economic development and second, that, of all cities analyzed (medium-sized cities of Andalusia, Spain), those with a higher level of tourism development are actually those showing a higher level of socioeconomic development, which confirms that tourism has great potential as a tool for endogenous development.
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Mira, Mira. "INDIKATOR KEBIJAKAN USAHA PEMBANGUNAN WISATA MASAL DI PULAU-PULAU KECIL." Jurnal Kebijakan Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan 4, no. 1 (June 3, 2014): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jksekp.v4i1.224.
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Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis indikator kebijakan pembangunan wisata masaldi pulau-pulau kecil di Kepulauan Seribu, penelitian ini penting dilakukan karena kepulauan kecil yangsangat rentan terhadap pembangunan yang tidak ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan padatahun 2012 di Kepulauan Seribu, yang dibiayai oleh Universite de La Rochelle. Indikator kebijakanpembangunan wisata masal ini mengacu pada parameter yang telah ditetapkan oleh Weaver (2000),Shaw et william (2002) et Cournoyer (2005). Ditinjau dari indikator kebijakan atraksi, pulau-pulau wisatayang dikelola oleh swasta menerapkan wisata masal, hal ini bisa dilihat dari karakteristik atrakasi (aspekwisata sangat dikomersialkan, bersifat generik, homogen, dan, pembangunan ditujukan secara eklusifuntuk kunjungan wisatawan, dengan tipe wisata pantai dan berjemur. Dari indikator kebijakan tekanan,aspek pembangunan wisata yang terlalu komersial di pulau yang dikelola oleh swasta membuat aspeksosial terabaikan. Untuk pulau-pulau yang dikelola oleh masyarakat dan oleh pemerintah, indikatorkebijakan wisata masal hanya bisa dilihat dari elemen musim kunjungan dan permintaan, sedangkandua elemen lainnya (volume dan asal turis), element tersebut tidak ditemukan dalam pengelolaanwisata. Ditinjau dari indikator kebijakan struktur ekonomi, pulau-pulau wisata yang dikelola oleh swastamenerapkan wisata masal, karena pembangunan wisata dilakukan secara ektensif, dan pembangunanwisata memiliki multiplier effect yang rendah terhadap masyarakat. Berbeda dengan pulau-pulau yangdikelola masyarakat lokal yang tidak menerapkan wisata masal, karena pengembangan wisata tidakdilakukan secara ektensif, dan memiliki multiplier effect yang tinggi terhadap masyarakat lokal. Kontrolpemerintah dan masyarakat terhadap aturan pembangunan wisata di pulau yang dikelola oleh swastasangat lemah.Title: Indicators of Mass Tourism Development Policy in Small IslandsThe purpose of this study is to analyze indicators of mass tourism development in small islands.The study was conducted 2012 at Seribu Archipelago (Pramuka, Panggang, Karya, Bidadari, Ayer besar,Untung Jawa, Onrust, Cipir, Kelor, and Rambut Island). Indicators of mass tourism development policyrefer to the parameters set by Weaver (2000), Shaw et William (2002) et Cournoyer (2005).The resultsof the study analysis indicates, firstly (Policy Indicators Attraction, the islands are managed by privatecompanies, practice the principles of mass tourism, because it is commercial, generic, homogen, andexclusive. Secondly, the islands are managed by government and community local, not practice theprinciples of mass tourism, because it is not extensive, eclusive, and it has high multiplier effect forlocal community. the islands are managed by private companies do not involve the local communities.Although it is expected from the management of the tourism development that they should involve thelocal communities. Control of government and society to the rule of tourist development on the island aremanaged by the private sector is very weak.
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Gkouzos, Andreas, and Manolis Christofakis. "Multiplier effects under a disaggregate economic base model." Journal of Economic Studies 45, no. 2 (May 14, 2018): 383–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-12-2016-0259.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the multiplier effects of economic activities in the local economy of Greek non-metropolitan prefectures at NUTS3 level according to the Eurostat classification. Design/methodology/approach A disaggregate economic base model using OLS regression with clustered standard errors is implemented in 49 non-metropolitan prefectures and 17 economic activities for 2000 and 2012. The specific model indicates a clear picture of multiplier effects of economic activities among the prefectures as it has a similar logic to the input-output analysis while bearing in mind the spatial effects among prefectures. The specific model has not applied for testing base multipliers in the Greek economy according to the academic literature. Findings Non-traditional export-oriented activities play a significant role in the economic growth of the non-metropolitan prefectures. Their multiplier effects are higher than the traditional basic activities. Especially, some of these activities indicate strong shifts on specific local activities, which tend to be the significant multiplier effects on the overall local economy. Of course, the existence of agglomeration economies plays a considerable role in non-metropolitan prefectures with a significant population and non-metropolitan prefectures which are in insular space or belong to the perimetric and interior mountainous space, which are sparsely populated. Originality/value The specific model applies at the NUTS3 level, according to the Eurostat classification. Also, the model indicates that the multiplier effects come from non-traditional export activities, such as, information-communication, arts entertainment, health services, professional support services and real estate in the overall local economy. Finally, the spatial correlation influences the sectoral multipliers.
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Reed, A. Scott, and Charles R. Blinn. "Minnesota's Logging Equipment Show: An Evaluation and Economic Impacts." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 3, no. 4 (December 1, 1986): 163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/3.4.163.
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Abstract Logging and sawmill equipment shows are held in many states to view and compare new machinery. After 30 years of such a show in Minnesota its sponsors sampled the more than 2000 attendees and 80 equipment exhibitors to characterize the people involved and to measure the 1984 event's local economic impacts. Nearly 40% of attendees were loggers, 30% spectators, and less than 10% each sawmillers or foresters. Viewing logging equipment and observing live loading competition were the top reasons cited for attendance. Direct mail was the most effective promotional technique. The average attendee spent about $60 to attend the show, while equipment exhibitors averaged nearly $860 per exhibit. Total expenditures related to the show were nearly $190,000, about 62% of which was spent by attendees. Considering the economic multiplier effect, the ultimate impact of the show on the local economy was more than a quarter of a million dollars. North. J. Appl. For. 3:163-166, Dec. 1986
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Jones, Richard C. "Migrant agency and community structure: Competing explanations for economic decline in migrant sending communities of rural central Mexico." Migration Letters 9, no. 2 (October 1, 2012): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v9i2.101.
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In response to Giddens' structuration theory, this study attempts to unravel the linkages between migration and local economic growth by moving beyond the household to the community level of analysis, and by considering lagged relationships over several years. The case study -24 towns in central Zacatecas, Mexico-concludes that remittances from US migration play an ambiguous role, providing basic income but at the same time resulting in more expenditures outside the community, which results in a lower multiplier effect and lower growth rates (measured by population growth). The reason for the externalization of expenditures is not so much the migration experience itself, as the socio-economic structure of sending communities, including their small populations and poor employment structures, which put overwhelming constraints on their growth and development.
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Roussakis, Emmanuel N., and Dimitrios D. Thomakos. "International banking: its role in Florida's economy at the outset of the twenty-first century." Cuadernos de difusión 6, no. 11 (December 30, 2001): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.46631/jefas.2001.v6n11.01.
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One of the most remarkable economic developments of the 1970s for the State of Florida was its emergence in the international financial world. Florida's economy, which until then was essentially relying on tourism, agriculture and the construction industry, began during the 1970s to gradually acquire a new dimension--international banking. Florida's proximity to Central and South American markets, its bilingual population, and the promulgation by the state of international banking legislation have all contributed to Miami's emergence--both nationally and internationally--as a specialized Latin American banking center. With international banking a major financial activity, its impact is felt throughout the Florida economy. Employment and office expenditures have a direct effect on local income. However, the total economic impact of international banking activities on the local economy is even more important when the multiplier effect of all direct and indirect expenditures associated with international banking is factored in. The purpose of this study is to describe the size and composition of international banking activities in Miami and to identify the effects of these activities for Miami-Dade County and, more broadly, for the Florida economy. To quantify this information a survey was undertaken in February 2000 among banking institutions in Miami-Dade. * Although other financial institutions, such as security firms, provide international services, this survey was limited to commercial banks and Edge Act corporations.
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Laapas, Lehtonen, Venäläinen, and Peltola. "The 10-Year Return Levels of Maximum Wind Speeds under Frozen and Unfrozen Soil Forest Conditions in Finland." Climate 7, no. 5 (April 30, 2019): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli7050062.
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Reliable high spatial resolution information on the variation of extreme wind speeds under frozen and unfrozen soil conditions can enhance wind damage risk management in forestry. In this study, we aimed to produce spatially detailed estimates for the 10-year return level of maximum wind speeds for frozen (>20 cm frost depth) and unfrozen soil conditions for dense Norway spruce stands on clay or silt soil, Scots pine stands on sandy soil and Scots pine stands on drained peatland throughout Finland. For this purpose, the coarse resolution estimates of the 10-year return levels of maximum wind speeds based on 1979–2014 ERA-Interim reanalysis were downscaled to 20 m grid by using the wind multiplier approach, taking into account the effect of topography and surface roughness. The soil frost depth was estimated using a soil frost model. Results showed that due to a large variability in the timing of annual maximum wind speed, differences in the 10-year return levels of maximum wind speeds between the frozen and unfrozen soil seasons are generally rather small. Larger differences in this study are mostly found in peatlands, where soil frost seasons are notably shorter than in mineral soils. Also, the high resolution of wind multiplier downscaling and consideration of wind direction revealed some larger local scale differences around topographic features like hills and ridgelines.
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TICHAAWA, Tembi Maloney. "INFORMAL BUSINESS TOURISM IN CAMEROON." GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 38, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 1289–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.38437-771.
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The uniqueness of business tourism in the African context is argued to be an amalgam of several clusters of activities manifested in both the formal and informal sectors. In this study, business tourism in the global south, with a specific focus on the informal sector in Cameroon is analysed. Using data that was collected from a series of semi-structured interviews conducted with three hundred and seventy-seven business travellers, the study reveals that informal business tourism includes domestic business travellers classified into five distinctive categories: (1) informal salespeople (2) shopowners (3) herdsmen (4) local farmers and (5) wholesalers. The study concludes that informal business tourism represents an important sector that contributes to tourism development and if well harnessed, its multiplier effect could be widespread amongst the different economic sectors of Cameroon.
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Krivašonoka, Inita. "LOCAL FOOD PROCUREMENT TENDENCIES IN LATVIA." ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 20, 2019): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2019vol1.4175.
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The OECD has emphasized that regions need to boost their growth by placing local resources and means in circulation in order to benefit from their competitive advantages. It encourages the search and analysis of those regional key factors that are driving development in the regions. Local authorities can boost their region with the use of territorial capital and the promotion of entrepreneurship. One of the ways how to do this is to buy food from local producers. Giving preference to local suppliers, even if it means spending a little more, can actually benefit a region’s finances. When local governments spend their money on locally owned firms, those firms in turn rely on and generate local supply chains, creating an “economic multiplier” effect. Each additional dollar that circulates locally boosts local economic activity, employment and, ultimately, tax revenue. In Latvia, since 2014, attention has been focused on increasing the consumption of local food. Improvements in regulatory enactments have been made, which stipulate that green public procurement criteria should be used in food procurement, where one of the criteria, the supply distance, directly contributes to this aim by giving preference to the local producers. The research aim is to analyze the data of local government food procurements carried out in Latvia from 2010 to 2018 and to evaluate the share of local suppliers in these procurements. The food procurement winners were divided into four groups: agricultural producers, food processing companies, wholesale companies and retail companies. The study evaluates how each group's share in total food purchases varies over the years, and how procurement volumes vary depending on the winner's belonging to the one of the groups previously defined. Such an analysis shows the proportion of local producers in procurement, but does not fully reflect on the volume of local production, as it is not possible to obtain data on the share of production which producer purchased from others to provide the necessary volumes of food, and there is no data on the origin of products supplied by wholesalers. The following research methods were employed to carry out the present research: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, the monographic method, statistical analysis and the graphic method.
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Indrasti, Rita, and Jefny B. Markus Rawung. "The Assessment of Production System and Marketing of Siam Citrus in Jember Regency." E3S Web of Conferences 232 (2021): 02025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123202025.
Full textAbstract:
Siam citrus is a potential horticultural commodity for export and has high economic value. This research was conducted in Umbulsari District, Jember Regency, one of the productions and marketing centres for Siam citrus in East Java Province. The research results on the production and marketing system for the Siam citrus commodity in Jember Regency show that economically the Siam citrus agribusiness provides direct economic benefits to local farmers and has a multiplier effect for a household. The marketing system has been running, involving many actors known as the perfect competition market. However, it is necessary to increase farmers' bargaining value by strengthening farmer institutions, capital institutions, and market and technology information systems. The SWOT analysis results show that the opportunity for the development of Siam citrus is still facing technical problems in cultivation and marketing institutions. However, Siam citrus cultivation is the strength component to meet domestic demand in the country.