Academic literature on the topic 'Local government, decentralisation, administrative reform, revolution'
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Journal articles on the topic "Local government, decentralisation, administrative reform, revolution"
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Slukhai, Sergii, Liudmyla Demydenko, Yuliia Nakonechna, and Tetiana Borshchenko. "The Principle of Transparency in the Ukrainian Decentralisation Reform." Central European Public Administration Review 17, no. 2 (November 7, 2019): 141–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17573/cepar.2019.2.07.
Full textAbstract:
After the Revolution of Dignity (2013–2014), the new Ukrainian government set out a number of reforms, one of which – and a successful one so far – was decentralisation, involving territorial amalgamation and re-allocation of public revenues and outlays in favour of the newly-established amalgamated territorial communities (ATCs). This study aims to analyse whether decentralisation is supported by the realisation of the budget transparency principle. We attempt to fill the gap still existing in the research of public sector transparency in Ukraine, concerning the basic administrative level, hereby being limited to big cities and regions. The authors carried out an assessment of budget transparency in newly-established ATCs in four Ukrainian regions by applying a simplified methodology (‘snapshot assessment’) involving 11 measures that could be easily located on the ATC websites. In order to understand the reasons for a particular level of transparency, a polling of ATC heads was undertaken. The findings of the study demonstrate that the overall budget transparency in the newly established ATCs is rather low and subject to significant interregional variation. We find that the local officials overstate the existing level of budget transparency in their communities and are not proactive in their efforts to raise it. The importance of this article lies in substantiating the need for making budget transparency a priority for local officials, as well as in detailing the activity of the state and the local community in this field
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NYIKADZINO, DR TAWANDA, and PROF SHIKHA VYAS-DOORGAPERSAD. "Decentralisation and Central Government Control: Experiences from the Local Government Reform in Zimbabwe." African Journal of Governance and Development (AJGD) 11, no. 1.2 (November 3, 2022): 213–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36369/2616-9045/2022/v11si2a1.
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Post-independence state-building in Africa was hinged on decentralisation reforms aimed at increasing the participation and involvement of the previously disenfranchised black majority in governance and development processes. There was a realisation that the inherited governance and development challenges could only be addressed through decentralisation. The qualitative desktop analysis of the relevant literature that was undertaken in the recent research, however, indicates that decentralisation reforms implemented by most African countries since gaining independence failed to achieve the intended results. Building on this trend, this article is guided by Falleti’s sequential theory of decentralisation and argues that the administrative, fiscal, and political decentralisation reforms implemented in Zimbabwe, rather than empowering the local people, further entrenched the central government’s grip on and control of local governments – centralisation and recentralisation through decentralisation/devolution. Authors argue that the reforms created avenues through which the central government could micromanage, whip, and sometimes, undermine local governments thereby suffocating their capacity to provide basic services. The reforms allowed the central government to deepen its patronage networks. Keywords: Centralisation, Decentralisation, Devolution, Recentralisation, Zimbabwe
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Sabadash, Natalia, and Anatoliy Kruglashov. "Decentralisation Processes in Ukraine: Dilemmas of Democratisation and National Security." Public Policy and Administration 21, no. 1 (March 29, 2022): 22–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ppaa.21.1.28441.
Full textAbstract:
Ukraine has been facing unprecedented challenges since 2014. A Revolution of dignity makes Ukraine turn closer to the EU and NATO, while ongoing and expanded Russian aggression threatens the very existence of Ukrainian statehood. One of the key directions of making Ukraine resilient to threats and challenges is the decentralisation process. It aims at making the government and public administration in Ukraine more democratic, transparent and efficient, open to public concerns and the needs and expectations of local communities. The article proposes analytical approaches towards the decentralisation process taking into account the imperative of democratisation and security challenges that Ukraine has been dealing with. The authors consider both dimensions of the national regional policy and self-government reforms, proposing a balanced vision on their advantages and disadvantages, as well as pointing out key problems that should be attended by the government. The process of decentralisation means a lot for Ukraine to make its statehood stronger and more secure vis-a-vis threats the country is facing now.
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Karabin, Tetyana Oleksandrivna, Oleksandr Bilash, Roman Fridmanskyy, and Vasyl Tymchak. "Local Government Transfer into the Process of Ukraine's European Integration: Achievements of Communities and Losses of the Executive Branch of Power." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 19, no. 3 (July 22, 2021): 781–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/19.3.781-803(2021).
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The obligations assumed by the Ukrainian state by ratifying the association agreement between Ukraine and the European Union have become a reference point for transformations taking place in various spheres of public life, including local self-government. The article analyzes Ukraine's compliance with EU requirements regarding local self-government organisation, achievements in this field, and determining the prospects for reform. The analysis is grouped into four blocks: implementation of administrative and territorial reform; budget decentralisation; optimization of the organization of local public authorities (executive bodies formation of regional (oblast) and district (rayon) councils, the establishment of prefectures); land reform (transfer of land management to communities). The powers of local self-government bodies and state bodies were transformed in implementing municipal, territorial, fiscal and land reforms. However, further reforms are impossible without amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine (regarding the decentralisation of power), the adoption of new legislative acts (on the principles of the administrative-territorial structure of Ukraine, on prefectures), as well as amendments to some existing ones (on local self-government, etc.).
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Ribot, Jesse C. "Decentralisation, participation and accountability in Sahelian forestry: legal instruments of political-administrative control." Africa 69, no. 1 (January 1999): 23–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161076.
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Colonial relations of political administration are being reproduced in the current era of participation and decentralisation. In natural resource management, participation and decentralisation are promoted on the basis that they can increase equity, yield greater efficiency, benefit the environment and contribute to rural development. Reaping these benefits is predicated on (1) the devolution of some real powers over natural resources to local populations, and (2) the existence of locally accountable authorities to whom those powers can be devolved. However, a limited set of highly circumscribed powers are being devolved to locally accountable authorities, and most local authorities to whom powers are being devolved are systematically structured to be upwardly accountable to the central state, rather than downwardly accountable to local populations. Many of the new laws being passed in the name of participation and decentralisation administer rather than enfranchise. The article examines the historical legal underpinnings of the powers and accountability of state-backed rural authorities (chiefs and rural councils), the authorities through which current natural resource management projects in Burkina Faso and in Mali represent local populations, and the decisions being devolved to local bodies in new natural resource management efforts. Without reform local interventions risk reproducing the inequities of their centralised political-administrative context. Rather than pitting the state against society by depicting the state as a negative force and society and non-state institutions as positive—as is done in many decentralisation and participatory efforts—this article suggests that representation through local government can be the basis of general and enduring participation by society in public affairs.
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Romanova, Valentyna, and Andreas Umland. "The decentralisation reform in Ukraine: First accomplishments and future challenges." Political Studies, no. 1 (2021): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.53317/2786-4774-2021-1-3.
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The article explores the decentralization reform in Ukraine under the presidency of Petro Poroshenko in 2014−2019, evaluating its main results and challenges in the context of territorial consolidation and democratization. The article seeks to explain what made the policy makers choose the priority of increasing the institutional and financial capacity of local government to provide public services in the context of improving Ukraine’s cohesion and resilience to external threats in relation to its territorial unity and sovereignty. The article argues that the logic of decentralization in 2014−2019 has brought Ukraine closer to the EU by implementing the principles of subsidiarity and promoting local democracy in the framework of multilevel governance in a unitary decentralized state. At the same time, the article highlights a number of challenges that decentralization faced in 2014−2019, including the level of institutional coordination within a multi-level governance setting, as well as the limited effectiveness of the incentives to increase local development in Ukraine. In the first stage of the reform in 2014−2019, decentralization led to shifting the balance of power and resources between central and subnational actors and institutions, but did not institutionalize the involvement of the latter into the process of policy making at the central level. According to the logic of the Sequential Theory of Decentralization, the start of the reform from administrative and fiscal decentralization, as well as the postponing of political decentralization, can set the vector of reducing the degree of autonomy of actors and institutions at the sub-state levels on the further stages, especially in the case of limiting the financial capacity of self-government to provide public services. If the reform is successful at its the next stages, it will generate a useful example of a decentralized democracy outside the EU, being more resilient to external and internal challenges due to its strengthened local self-government. Ukraine’s decentralization reform can become an example for post-Soviet countries and some EU member states that seek to strengthen their territorial integrity. Key words: decentralization, territorial consolidation, multi-level governance, Ukraine
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Wall, Rachel, and Noemia Bessa Vilela. "Deal or no deal: English Devolution, a top-down approach." Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 14, no. 3 (July 31, 2016): 655–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/14.3.655-670(2016).
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A new legislative framework for devolution has been introduced into England marking a potentially significant step towards addressing the unfinished business of Labour’s devolution settlement. What promised to be a bespoke and bottom-up commitment to devolution for English local government has manifested into a top-down, prescriptive and inconsistent process of agreeing the decentralisation of functions and finances to groups of principal local authorities. The paper reports on the progress of the new wave of devolution in England to date, through a review of agreed devolution deals and assesses the extent to which the current ‘devolution revolution’ represents the beginning of a shift away from a centralised system built from the bottom up, or looks set to result in another typically top-down reform to local government. The paper presents the initial findings of early research, which will be used to develop key research questions for a further long-term research project.
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Breuillard, Michæle. "New Governance of Urban Areas in France." Hrvatska i komparativna javna uprava 16, no. 3 (September 8, 2016): 479–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31297/hkju.16.3.6.
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The paper analyses urban governance and decentralisation in France. It explains the “quiet revolution” that wants to set the legal base of French local government back to the drawing board with special focus on the reform of local government in urban areas. The context of the too many too small communes – at the heart of the reform programme – is described since it is a typically French evil (part 2). In the absence of any successful top-down policy of amalgamating communes, new communes are deemed to be the effective solution along with a new mapping of intercommunal joint bodies (part 3). Finally, the paper describes what the metropolis “à la française” consists of (part 4) with a special focus on Lyon – the perfect model for the whole country – and Paris and Aix-Marseille as the worst pupils in transition. France stands out as an important case where new powers bestowed upon metropolitan governments have curbed the jurisdictions of regional governments. The ambiguity over the powers and functions of local governments triggers obdurate turf wars between the two levels of government, which clearly indicates that the governance of any modern society needs to be simplified. If left unaddressed, competition – not coordination or cooperation – between regionalization and metropolitanisation, regionalization and local governments, governability and multilevel governance is likely to become the norm. The author concludes that France desperately needs an in-depth reform of its institutional architecture, which is regularly postponed. What is required is a simplification of governmental machinery: more efficiency in local policies, a clearer allocation of responsibilities, reduced expenses, and governance closer to citizens.
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Serohina, Svitlana H., Iryna I. Bodrova, and Maryna O. Petryshyna. "Municipal policy as a priority area of legal policy in the context of reforming the territorial organisation of power and European integration of Ukraine." Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine 28, no. 3 (September 17, 2021): 129–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37635/jnalsu.28(3).2021.129-143.
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The present study investigates the problems of development and implementation of municipal policy in Ukraine. It was found that the essence of municipal policy of Ukraine, given the ongoing decentralisation reform, is that it is a relatively stable, organised, purposeful activity of public authorities and local governments, which aims to build a capable local government, adequate to the needs and interests of territorial communities. The study describes the elemental composition of municipal policy. The authors of this study established that its elemental composition includes: the concept of system-structural and organisational-functional organisation and activities of local authorities at different levels of administrative-territorial organisation; a coordinated system of regulations that govern the organisation and activity of local bodies of state executive power and local self-government, establish the scope and limits of their competence, determine the features of interaction and the procedure for resolving disputes between them; regulatory basis of resource provision of local self-government; legislative definition of a body or official in the structure of state executive bodies, which represents the interests of the state in the corresponding territory, has the right to exercise control powers, and constitutes a link between the territorial community, local governments and the system of state executive bodies; formally defined decision-making algorithm on issues relating to local self-government; system of monitoring the national municipal policy. The authors also identified the main blocks of issues under study, which require further use of a comprehensive scientific approach to their legislative solution
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Serohina, Svitlana H., Iryna I. Bodrova, and Maryna O. Petryshyna. "Municipal policy as a priority area of legal policy in the context of reforming the territorial organisation of power and European integration of Ukraine." Journal of the National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine 28, no. 3 (September 17, 2021): 129–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37635/jnalsu.28(3).2021.129-143.
Full textAbstract:
The present study investigates the problems of development and implementation of municipal policy in Ukraine. It was found that the essence of municipal policy of Ukraine, given the ongoing decentralisation reform, is that it is a relatively stable, organised, purposeful activity of public authorities and local governments, which aims to build a capable local government, adequate to the needs and interests of territorial communities. The study describes the elemental composition of municipal policy. The authors of this study established that its elemental composition includes: the concept of system-structural and organisational-functional organisation and activities of local authorities at different levels of administrative-territorial organisation; a coordinated system of regulations that govern the organisation and activity of local bodies of state executive power and local self-government, establish the scope and limits of their competence, determine the features of interaction and the procedure for resolving disputes between them; regulatory basis of resource provision of local self-government; legislative definition of a body or official in the structure of state executive bodies, which represents the interests of the state in the corresponding territory, has the right to exercise control powers, and constitutes a link between the territorial community, local governments and the system of state executive bodies; formally defined decision-making algorithm on issues relating to local self-government; system of monitoring the national municipal policy. The authors also identified the main blocks of issues under study, which require further use of a comprehensive scientific approach to their legislative solution
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Local government, decentralisation, administrative reform, revolution"
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Hicks, Natalie. "Organisational adventures in district government: central control versus local initiative in Long An Province, Vietnam." Phd thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/7170.
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Most studies of sub-national government in rural Vietnam have focused on the commune and province level governments. This dissertation is an examination of district (huyen) government. It shows that the district was important to the central
government both before the Communist victory in 1975 and afterwards and that the
district level has remained a primary interface between the villagers and higher
authorities. This study also examines tensions between central governments' attempts to control rural areas and localist tendencies that exist within district administrations.The dissertation focuses on selected districts in Long An province in the Mekong Delta during three periods: the wartime South Vietnamese regime, which existed below the seventeenth parallel from 1955 until its defeat by the Communists in 1975; the late 1970s and 1980s when the Communist government in Hanoi pursued a
district-building campaign; and the reform era of the 1990s. Under the South Vietnamese regime and in the pre-reform era of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, local initiative was stifled as policy was dictated by the central government, with
disastrous consequences. Most literature on this subject emphasises a sharp break
between pre-1975 and post-1975 Vietnam. By contrast, this dissertation highlights the
way in which there are important elements of continuity between both regimes in
terms of central government measures to control district government through
administrative re-organisation and top-down policy implementation. In the reform era, the dynamics of central regulation versus district control have changed. The district government now has greater latitude to develop innovative 'local' approaches to agricultural development. Using a state-in-society approach that is generous enough to avoid definitive boundaries between state and society, the study examines how district officials have been joined by 'associates of the state', particularly agricultural extension officers, who act as a link between state and societal objectives. This interaction has contributed to increased prosperity for many villagers while also raising inequality. The study also shows that while the central government has been more willing to allow local experimentation during the reform era, its influence and interests are still felt at the district level.Professor Nguyen Van Lich and the Ho Chi National University
Book chapters on the topic "Local government, decentralisation, administrative reform, revolution"
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Goldberg, Ann. "The Duchy of Nassau and the Eberbach Asylum." In Sex, Religion, and the Making of Modern Madness. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195125818.003.0005.
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Eberbach’s founding in 1815 coincided with the lunacy reform movement that swept Europe and North America in the first half of the century. That movement in Germany took peculiar shape in the central role played from the start by the state. Unlike England and France, the primary initiative for the lunacy reforms in Germany came from above, by enlightened state bureaucrats under the tutelage of the German neoabsolutist states. If the (apocryphal) founding image of French psychiatry is the alienist Phillip Pinel famously striking the chains off the inmates of the Bicêtre during the French Revolution, its (real) German counterpart is that of the Prussian Minister Karl August von Hardenburg charging J. G. Langermann (medical officer, later privy councillor and head of Prussian medical affairs) in 1803 with the responsibility of turning the Bayreuth madhouse into Germany’s first mental hospital. Other states and areas of Germany followed suit in the decades after the Napoleonic wars. Eberbach was no exception to the German pattern, where new, enlightened ideas about insanity, concerns of state security with respect to the deviant poor, and the desire to keep abreast of the most progressive trends united to lead even the small and impoverished state of Nassau to embark on costly lunacy reforms. Further, in Nassau both the founding and functioning of the asylum were closely tied to state-building, that is, to the consolidation of state power, the political integration of the population, and the extensive administrative reforms that this entailed—in the penal system, medicine, local government, education, religion, and so forth. State reforms in the area of culture (religion and education) will be discussed in chapter 3. The following section focuses on the penal, medical, and (local) governmental reforms, which formed the broader institutional context of the asylum. The duchy of Nassau, which achieved its final form in 1816 (bounded by the Rhine, Main, Sieg, and Lahn rivers), was one of the new Mittelstaaten (medium sized states) to emerge out of the Napoleonic wars and the Congress of Vienna.