To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Local flexibility market.
Journal articles on the topic 'Local flexibility market'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Local flexibility market.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Antal, Claudia, Tudor Cioara, Marcel Antal, Vlad Mihailescu, Dan Mitrea, Ionut Anghel, Ioan Salomie, et al. "Blockchain based decentralized local energy flexibility market." Energy Reports 7 (November 2021): 5269–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2021.08.118.
Full text
2
Pinto, Tiago, Nathalia Boeno, Zita Vale, and Everthon Sica. "Multiagent Simulation of Demand Flexibility Integration in Local Energy Markets." E3S Web of Conferences 239 (2021): 00010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123900010.
Full textAbstract:
Overcoming the issues associated with the variability of renewable generation has become a constant challenge in power and energy systems. The use of load flexibility is one of the most promising ways to face it. Suitable ways to incorporate flexibility in the electricity market, in addition to the already challenging integration of distributed generation primary sources, are therefore crucial. The integration of prosumers and consumers flexibility in the market is, however, not straightforward, as current wholesale and retail market structures are not prepared to deal with the current and future needs of the system. Several models for local energy markets have been studied and experimented; but there it is still not clear what is the most efficient way to integrate the dynamic participation of demand flexibility in this type of local markets.
3
Schmitt, Carlo, Felix Gaumnitz, Andreas Blank, Olivier Rebenaque, Théo Dronne, Arnault Martin, Philippe Vassilopoulos, Albert Moser, and Fabien Roques. "Framework for Deterministic Assessment of Risk-Averse Participation in Local Flexibility Markets †." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 22, 2021): 3012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113012.
Full textAbstract:
Local flexibility markets (LFMs) are a market-based concept to integrate distributed energy resources into congestion management. However, the activation of flexibility for storage-based flexibility changes the respective state of charge. Compensation in later points of time is needed to regain the original flexibility potential. Therefore, we propose a LFM bid formulation including both flexibility and compensation. Furthermore, flexibility market participation might lead to inc-dec-gaming, i.e., congestion-increasing behavior to maximize profits. However, this inc-dec-gaming might lead to electricity market schedule deviations if LFM offers are not activated. We propose a risk-averse modeling formulation considering the potential non-activation of LFM bids to provide a framework for the assessment of LFM participation comparing different approaches. Our exemplary case studies demonstrate the proposed LFM bid formulation and show the impact of LFM participation modeling on inc-dec-gaming and congestion management costs.
4
Zeiselmair, Andreas, and Simon Köppl. "Constrained Optimization as the Allocation Method in Local Flexibility Markets." Energies 14, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 3932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133932.
Full textAbstract:
Local flexibility markets or smart markets are new tools used to harness regional flexibility for congestion management. In order to benefit from the available flexibility potential for grid-oriented or even grid-supportive applications, complex but efficient and transparent allocation is necessary. This paper proposes a constrained optimization method for matching the flexibility demand of grid operators to the flexibility supply using decentralized flexibility options located in the distribution grid. Starting with a definition of the operational and stakeholder environment of smart market design, various existing approaches are analyzed based on a literature review and a resulting meta-analysis. In the next step, a categorization of the allocation method is conducted followed by the definition of the optimization goal. The optimization problem, including all relevant input parameters, is identified and formulated by introducing the relevant boundary conditions and constraints of flexibility demand and offers. A proof of concept of the approach is presented using a case study and the Altdorfer Flexmarkt (ALF) field test within the project C/sells. In this paper, we analyze the background of the local flexibility market, provide the methodology (including publishing the code of the matching mechanism), and provide the results of the field test.
5
Dronne, Theo, Fabien Roques, and Marcelo Saguan. "Local Flexibility Markets for Distribution Network Congestion-Management in Center-Western Europe: Which Design for Which Needs?" Energies 14, no. 14 (July 7, 2021): 4113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144113.
Full textAbstract:
With the growth of decentralized resources, congestion management at the distribution level has become a growing issue in Europe. Several initiatives with local flexibility markets are being implemented, with different designs and objectives. In this paper, we provide a comparative assessment of four case studies of local flexibility markets (ENERA, GOPACS, UKPN, and ENEDIS) in different center-western Europe countries: Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and France. We identify a number of differences across these countries that have an impact on the drivers of implementation of these local flexibility markets and their market design such as the type and depth of congestion, the organization and governance of networks operators, the current approach for congestion management, and the need for the development of additional flexibility sources. We find that the different market design choices can be explained by the local specificities and use the four case studies to generalize our findings and define a typology of possible approaches for flexibility markets depending on the electricity system local specificities, as well as the sector governance and the policy priorities.
6
Khajeh, Hosna, Hooman Firoozi, Mohammad Reza Hesamzadeh, Hannu Laaksonen, and Miadreza Shafie-Khah. "A Local Capacity Market Providing Local and System-Wide Flexibility Services." IEEE Access 9 (2021): 52336–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3069949.
Full text
7
Esmat, Ayman, Julio Usaola, and Mª Moreno. "A Decentralized Local Flexibility Market Considering the Uncertainty of Demand." Energies 11, no. 8 (August 9, 2018): 2078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11082078.
Full textAbstract:
The role of the distribution system operator (DSO) is evolving with the increasing possibilities of demand management and flexibility. Rather than implementing conventional approaches to mitigate network congestions, such as upgrading existing assets, demand flexibility services have been gaining much attention lately as a solution to defer the need for network reinforcements. In this paper, a framework for a decentralized local market that enables flexibility services trading at the distribution level is introduced. This market operates on two timeframes, day-ahead and real-time and it allows the DSO to procure flexibility services which can help in its congestion management process. The contribution of this work lies in considering the uncertainty of demand during the day-ahead period. As a result, we introduce a probabilistic process that supports the DSO in assessing the true need of obtaining flexibility services based on the probability of congestion occurrence in the following day of operation. Besides being able to procure firm flexibility for high probable congestions, a new option is introduced, called the right-to-use option, which enables the DSO to reserve a specific amount of flexibility, to be called upon later if necessary, for congestions that have medium probabilities of taking place. In addition, a real-time market for flexibility trading is presented, which allows the DSO to procure flexibility services for unforeseen congestions with short notice. Also, the effect of the penetration level of flexibility on the DSO’s total cost is discussed and assessed. Finally, a case study is carried out for a real distribution network feeder in Spain to illustrate the impact of the proposed flexibility framework on the DSO’s congestion management process.
8
Minniti, Simone, Niyam Haque, Phuong Nguyen, and Guus Pemen. "Local Markets for Flexibility Trading: Key Stages and Enablers." Energies 11, no. 11 (November 8, 2018): 3074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11113074.
Full textAbstract:
The European energy transition is leading to a transformed electricity system, where Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) will play a substantial role. Renewable Energy Sources (RES) will challenge the key operational obligation of real-time balancing and the need for flexibility will consequently increase. The introduction of a local flexibility market (LFM) would allow the trading of flexibility supplied by both producing and consuming units at the distribution level, providing market access to DERs, a support tool for Distribution System Operators (DSOs) and a value stream for energy suppliers. Aggregators and DSOs for different reasons can enhance the valuation of flexible DERs. Several research papers have assumed aggregators fully interacting with the electricity markets and DSOs contracting services with power system actors. These interactions are still not allowed in many European countries. This article aims to analyze the European regulation to identify the most important enablers and pave the way towards the full exploitation of DER flexibility, culminating in the establishment of an LFM. Therefore, three main stages, emerging from the progressive withdrawal of the current regulatory and market barriers, are identified: (1) enabling the aggregator’s trading, (2) evolution of the DSO’s role, and (3) key-design challenges of an LFM.
9
Heinrich, Carsten, Charalampos Ziras, Tue V. Jensen, Henrik W. Bindner, and Jalal Kazempour. "A local flexibility market mechanism with capacity limitation services." Energy Policy 156 (September 2021): 112335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112335.
Full text
10
Olivella-Rosell, Pol, Pau Lloret-Gallego, Íngrid Munné-Collado, Roberto Villafafila-Robles, Andreas Sumper, Stig Ottessen, Jayaprakash Rajasekharan, and Bernt Bremdal. "Local Flexibility Market Design for Aggregators Providing Multiple Flexibility Services at Distribution Network Level." Energies 11, no. 4 (April 2, 2018): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11040822.
Full text
11
Annala, Salla, Lurian Klein, Luisa Matos, Sirpa Repo, Olli Kilkki, Arun Narayanan, and Samuli Honkapuro. "Framework to Facilitate Electricity and Flexibility Trading within, to, and from Local Markets." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 31, 2021): 3229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113229.
Full textAbstract:
Peer-to-peer (P2P) electricity sharing or trading can empower consumers and prosumers, incentivize the balancing of generation and demand locally, increase system resilience and reliability, and help in achieving societal goals, such as increasing renewable energy penetration. Nevertheless, the development of P2P trading in actual environments has been slow due to the unclear position of P2P markets in the power system. Recent developments in the European legislation are promising for the establishment of P2P markets and energy communities. Hence, the interplay between local trading and existing market structures needs to be addressed carefully. Furthermore, P2P trading with distributed resources presumes that electricity end users will become active players in the power system. This paper proposes a bidding and pricing mechanism for local markets, considering the external markets; a new approach to balance settlement and balance responsibility when local trading occurs; and an interface to promote end-user interest in, and interactions with, local energy trading. The proposed local market concept and interface solution promote the coupling between local and existing retail, wholesale and ancillary service markets, and can be seen as a step towards the establishment of local energy markets in real-life settings.
12
Faia, Ricardo, Tiago Pinto, Fernando Lezama, Zita Vale, and Juan Manuel Corchado. "Optimisation for Coalitions Formation Considering the Fairness in Flexibility Market Participation." E3S Web of Conferences 239 (2021): 00016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123900016.
Full textAbstract:
This paper proposes a coalitional game-theoretical model for consumers’ flexibility coalition formation, supported by an optimization model based on differential evolution. Traditionally, the participation in conventional electricity markets used to be limited to large producers and consumers. The final end-users contract their energy supply with retailers, since due to the smaller quantity available for trading, they cannot participate in electricity market transactions. Nowadays, the growing concept of local electricity market brings many advantages to the end-users. The flexibility negotiation considering local areas is an important procedure for network operators and it is incorporating a local electricity market opportunity. A coalition formation model to facilitate small players participation in the flexibility market proposed by the network operator is addressed in this work. The inclusion of Shapley value in the proposed model enables finding the best coalition structures considering the fairness of the coalitions in addition to the potential income achieved by the consumers when selling their flexibility. An optimization model based on differential evolution is also proposed as the way to find the optimal coalition structures based on the multi-criteria specifications.
13
Sefertzi, Elena. "Flexibility and Alternative Corporate Strategies." Articles 51, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 97–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/051076ar.
Full textAbstract:
This article discusses various and alternative forms of corporate strategy developed with respect to current industrial restructuring and transition towards flexible production. Corporate strategies are distinguished according the size of firms and their organizational structure. The point is not to establish an exhaustive typology of strategies but to elaborate the concept of variety in flexible organization of production and markets. For each type of corporate strategy four major options are analysed: interfirm networks, internal organization of production, labour market, and innovation. The article concludes that the strategic choices made by firms are influenced more by local socioeconomic factors than by global models which apply to all firms ' sites and operations.
14
Ferreira, Joao, and Ana Martins. "Building a Community of Users for Open Market Energy." Energies 11, no. 9 (September 4, 2018): 2330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11092330.
Full textAbstract:
Energy markets are based on energy transactions with a central control entity, where the players are companies. In this research work, we propose an IoT (Internet of Things) system for the accounting of energy flows, as well as a blockchain approach to overcome the need for a central control entity. This allows for the creation of local energy markets to handle distributed energy transactions without needing central control. In parallel, the system aggregates users into communities with target goals and creates new markets for players. These two approaches (blockchain and IoT) are brought together using a gamification approach, allowing for the creation and maintenance of a community for electricity market participation based on pre-defined goals. This community approach increases the number of market players and creates the possibility of traditional end users earning money through small coordinated efforts. We apply this approach to the aggregation of batteries from electrical vehicles so that they become a player in the spinning reserve market. It is also possible to apply this approach to local demand flexibility, associated with the demand response (DR) concept. DR is aggregated to allow greater flexibility in the regulation market based on an OpenADR approach that allows the turning on and off of predefined equipment to handle local microgeneration.
15
Anaya, Karim L., and Michael G. Pollitt. "The Role of Regulators in Promoting the Procurement of Flexibility Services within the Electricity Distribution System: A Survey of Seven Leading Countries." Energies 14, no. 14 (July 6, 2021): 4073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144073.
Full textAbstract:
This paper identifies and explores regulatory issues that may have an impact on the use of flexibility services by distribution utilities to solve grid constraints. This can be done by flexible distributed energy resources which can be instructed, for instance, to reduce export generating capacity or increasing consumption. We want to identify how regulation can better support the development of the future distribution utility in its role as neutral market facilitator, enabling more competition in local flexibility markets and optimal use of resources. A set of questionnaires were designed to capture the insights around important aspects of the regulation of flexibility markets (utilities’ network incentives, network tariff structure, market design for flexibility markets, etc.). These were sent to distribution utilities, energy regulators, energy marketplaces, energy associations and relevant experts from seven jurisdictions. The responses suggest a collective interest in the procurement of flexibility services by distribution utilities from distributed energy resources. New regulations, the adaptation of current rules and recent consultations reflect this. However, the amount of progress with and preferences for key regulatory changes differ across jurisdictions.
16
Heinrich, Carsten, Charalampos Ziras, Angeliki L. A. Syrri, and Henrik W. Bindner. "EcoGrid 2.0: A large-scale field trial of a local flexibility market." Applied Energy 261 (March 2020): 114399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114399.
Full text
17
Détang-Dessendre, Cécile, Mark D. Partridge, and Virginie Piguet. "Local labor market flexibility in a perceived low migration country: The case of French labor markets." Regional Science and Urban Economics 58 (May 2016): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2016.03.003.
Full text
18
Nativel, Corinne, Peter Sunley, and Ron Martin. "Localising Welfare-to-Work? Territorial Flexibility and the New Deal for Young People." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 20, no. 6 (December 2002): 911–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c0125.
Full textAbstract:
The move towards workfare and active labour-market policies is often alleged to be closely associated with the decentralisation and localisation of welfare delivery and agencies. In the United Kingdom, the New Deal for the young unemployed was designed to introduce local flexibility and discretion in delivery to mainstream labour-market policy. We use case studies of five local areas to examine the extent to which the programme has actually been decentralised and benefited from ‘local flexibility’. We categorise the arguments for policy decentralisation under four main rationales—improved policy learning and adaptation, stronger partnership building, more innovation, and greater resource targeting—and examine the achievements and limitations of the programme under each. We argue that, although the contractualism of the New Deal has allowed a certain degree of local discretion and cooperation in delivery, there have been strong standardised bureaucratic and financial constraints on the real extent of territorial flexibility. Although the limited decentralisation achieved has yielded some of the predicted benefits, the centralised nature of labour-market policy in the United Kingdom is proving resistant to change and, paradoxically, the programme is producing uneven results across the country. To conclude, we consider whether more local flexibility would be sufficient to improve the performance of the programme.
19
Ullah, Zahid, and Nayyar Hussain Mirjat. "Virtual power plant: state of the art providing energy flexibility to local distribution grids." E3S Web of Conferences 231 (2021): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123101002.
Full textAbstract:
Integrating decentralised energy sources into the traditional distribution networks can result in technical issues impacting the power quality. Innovative ideas are, therefore, needed to promote the transformation of systems to a smart grid. Distribution System operator (DSO) could make use of the flexibility of emerging technologies as a method to address these power quality issues. This study aims to present an overview of a local flexibility market (LFM) which will allow DSO requirements to be fulfilled through the (VPP) as an energy flexibility provider. The required optimization loads, generators and as well as storage units, are undertaken in the general algebraic modeling simulation (GAMS) environment. The aim of the optimization problem is to provide DSOs the opportunity to increase or curtail the local generations and loads in order to satisfy their requirement. The VPP will then be responsible for handling the relevant requests in real time to ensure the correct operating schedule of a resource is applied. The preliminary results of simulation studies presented in this paper have shown that the local market framework for flexibility could have potential for deferring investments in distribution network capacity, minimizing energy costs and improving the hosting capacity of distribution networks.
20
Fernandes, Rui, Borges Gouveia, and Carlos Pinho. "EXPLORING MODES OF ENTRY INTO INTERNATIONAL MARKETS: DIRECT INVESTMENT OR CONTRACTUAL RELATIONS." Journal of Business Economics and Management 15, no. 1 (March 4, 2014): 56–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2013.809786.
Full textAbstract:
We consider the multinational company's decision on whether to enter a new foreign market using direct investment by establishing a subsidiary, direct exporting or contracting a local distributor, with the option to invest later. We develop two models, based on the real options theory, to support such decisions. The option on direct exporting or on a local distributor allows the firm to minimize risks by finding out if the market is large enough to support future direct investment. We find the direct investment to be the desirable mode of entry in large markets subject to low demand uncertainty. Overall, the investigation increases the knowledge related with exploring new markets subject to demand uncertainty, valuing the flexibility of present and future options.
21
Facchinetti, Emanuele, Beni Rohrbach, Gerko van der Wel, and Andrew Bollinger. "Monetary Value of a District’s Flexibility on the Spot- and Reserve Electricity Markets." Buildings 8, no. 12 (December 18, 2018): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings8120181.
Full textAbstract:
In the future, advanced multi-energy systems are expected to handle an increasing share of fluctuating renewable energy generation through the management of multiple advanced energy conversion and storage technologies operating across different energy carriers. The market diffusion of such concepts of Local Energy Management—the management of energy supply, demand, and storage within a given geographical area—is expected to provoke a fundamental reorganization of the power generation sector. This work contributes to this topic by estimating the maximum potential economic value attained from using the flexibility of a district to take advantage of operating within multiple electricity markets at the same time. The study is based on the measured demand and production data of a newly built suburban residential district located in Central Switzerland. The actual configuration of the district and the resulting flexibility, as well as an extension with a battery storage system, is used to estimate the economic value of the flexibility. Then, an optimization algorithm manages flexible demand, production, and storage capacities in order to alternatively maximize the revenues/cost savings, self-sufficiency, or share of renewable resources of the district’s energy supply. In this vein, the impact of the way the system operates in the markets regarding the degradation of the battery is assessed and its pay-back-time is estimated. The analysis revealed a considerable profit potential associated with the district thermal and electricity storage flexibility, in particular, when operating on both the spot and reserve electricity markets. Firstly, it was shown that overall energy costs can be minimized through an optimal management of energy conversion and storage systems. Secondly, complementing the infrastructure with batteries and trading flexibility on the spot market would decrease costs by about 43%, while an additional 20% cost decrease could be captured by including trading on the reserve market. Thirdly, it has been shown that operation on the spot- and reserve market does not seem to degrade the battery more than solely operation on the spot market. However, when operating on the spot- and reserve markets, battery amortization would still take about 10 years.
22
Lüth, Alexandra, Jan Martin Zepter, Pedro Crespo del Granado, and Ruud Egging. "Local electricity market designs for peer-to-peer trading: The role of battery flexibility." Applied Energy 229 (November 2018): 1233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.08.004.
Full text
23
Ge, Shaoyun, Jifeng Li, Xingtang He, and Hong Liu. "Joint energy market design for local integrated energy system service procurement considering demand flexibility." Applied Energy 297 (September 2021): 117060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117060.
Full text
24
Hagen, Inger Marie, and Sissel Charlotte Trygstad. "Local flexicurity: resolving the conflict between direct and representative participation." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 15, no. 3-4 (August 2009): 557–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10242589090150031901.
Full textAbstract:
Norway is often praised for its flexible workforce and flexible workers, which contribute to the adaptive capacity and competitiveness of the economy. At national level, the interplay between strong welfare arrangements, active labour market policies and generous protection in the event of lay-offs also contributes to labour mobility: being laid off does not entail personal catastrophe, as unemployment benefits are universal and generous, and access to new employment is likely to come quickly, due to an active employment and labour market policy. At company level, flexible employees are characterised by their ability and willingness to combine different tasks, take on new responsibilities and use their skills in the best interests of the company. At the same time, laws and agreements secure employees against arbitrary and unfair treatment from management and colleagues. What sort of mechanisms provide for this combination of security and flexibility at company level? We argue that this security and flexibility can be attributed to the manner in which representative and individual participation interact at company level in Norway. We call it ‘local flexicurity’.
25
Guerrero Alonso, Juan Ignacio, Enrique Personal, Sebastián García, Antonio Parejo, Mansueto Rossi, Antonio García, Federico Delfino, Ricardo Pérez, and Carlos León. "Flexibility Services Based on OpenADR Protocol for DSO Level." Sensors 20, no. 21 (November 3, 2020): 6266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20216266.
Full textAbstract:
Nowadays, Distribution System Operators are increasing the digitalization of their smart grids, making it possible to measure and manage their state at any time. However, with the massive eruption of change-distributed generation (e.g., renewable resources, electric vehicles), the grid operation have become more complex, requiring specific technologies to balance it. In this sense, the demand-side management is one of its techniques; the demand response is a promising approach for providing Flexibility Services (FSs) and complying with the regulatory directives of the energy market. As a solution, this paper proposes the use of the OpenADR (Open Automated Demand Response) standard protocol in combination with a Decentralized Permissioned Market Place (DPMP) based on Blockchain. On one hand, OpenADR hierarchical architecture based on distributed nodes provides communication between stakeholders, adding monitoring and management services. Further, this architecture is compatible with an aggregator schema that guarantees the compliance with the strictest regulatory framework (i.e., European market). On the other hand, DPMP is included at different levels of this architecture, providing a global solution to Flexibility Service Providers (FSP) that can be adapted depending on the regulation of a specific country. As a proof of concept, this paper shows the result of a real experimental case, which implements a Capacity Bidding Program where the OpenADR protocol is used as a communication method to control and monitor energy consumption. In parallel, the proposed DPMP based on Blockchain makes it possible to manage the incentives of FSs, enabling the integration of local and global markets.
26
Pownall, Thomas, Iain Soutar, and Catherine Mitchell. "Re-Designing GB’s Electricity Market Design: A Conceptual Framework Which Recognises the Value of Distributed Energy Resources." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 20, 2021): 1124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041124.
Full textAbstract:
The design of electricity markets determines the technologies, services and modes of operation that can access value, consequently shaping current and future electricity landscapes. This paper highlights that the efficacy of Great Britain’s electricity market design in facilitating net zero is inadequate and must be reconfigured. The rules of the current electricity market design are remnants of an electricity sector dominated by large-scale, centralised, fossil fuel technologies. Therefore, routes to market for the provision of necessary services to support net zero, not least flexibility, are largely inaccessible for distributed energy resources and, despite their benefits to the system, are thus undervalued. Based upon a review and consolidation of 30 proposed electricity market designs from liberalised electricity sectors, this paper proposes a new electricity market design for Great Britain. This design is presented alongside a new institutional framework to aid in the efficient operation of the market. Specifically, this paper proposes a new local balancing and coordinating market located at each grid supply point (the transmission and distribution interface). This is realised through the implementation of a distributed locational marginal pricing structure which is governed by the evolution of the current distributed network operator, known as the distributed service provider (DSP). The DSP also operates a local balancing and ancillary market for their geographical area. The wholesale market is reconfigured to coordinate with these new local markets and to harmonise the actors across the distribution and transmission network.
27
Monastiriotis, Vassilis. "Labour Market Flexibility in the UK: Regional Variations and the Role of Global/Local Forces." Economic and Industrial Democracy 26, no. 3 (August 2005): 443–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831x05054743.
Full text
28
Aswariningsih, Yelli. "Peranan Kepala Desa Muara sungai dalam Pengelolaan Pasar." Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING) 3, no. 1 (August 30, 2019): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/costing.v3i1.808.
Full textAbstract:
Village planning provides the flexibility and opportunity for villages to explore local initiatives (ideas, desires and local will) which are then institutionalized into policies, programs and activities in the field of village governance and development. The purpose of the study was to explain the role of the village head in the management of the Muara Sungai village market in the management of the village market in the Muara river village, CambaiPrabumulih Timur District. The research method is descriptive-analytical with the juridical-empirical method. The results showed that the role of Muara Sungai village head Cambai Subdistrict, Prabumulih Timur Regency in issuing a policy in village market management had not been done properly and correctly, this proved the village head could not issue a form of policy according to his authority, so that it did not provide benefits and income to the village treasury. This is seen as unproductive due to unclear management patterns. So in essence the village market has not provided benefits to increase village income. Therefore, the management of village markets should be improved through standardized management mechanisms and systems as well as accountability in order to avoid irregularities.
Keywords : Management, Market, Village, Village Head
29
Rydell, Alexis, and Rune Wigblad. "Company-level flexicurity during the restructuring process: a model." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 17, no. 4 (November 2011): 547–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1024258911419781.
Full textAbstract:
This article focuses on the analysis of and suggestions for improving company-level flexicurity during the restructuring process, based on a best-practice case in Sweden. The parties involved in the restructuring process created company-level flexicurity through strategic corporate social responsibility (CSR) in exchange for increased numerical flexibility by means of temporary employees. The high numerical flexibility was possible because the trade unions saw that top management was committed to strategic socially responsible behaviour in the restructuring process. Our proposal concerns the dissemination of a model for company-level flexicurity during the restructuring process which promotes: (1) improved strategic CSR in the restructuring process, (2) improved transition to new employment in the local labour market and (3) improved flexibility, which creates increased efficiency, competitiveness and rapid payback in the course of restructuring. Cet article est centré sur l’analyse de la « flexicurité » au niveau de l’entreprise durant le processus de restructuration et sur des suggestions d’amélioration sur la base d’un cas de meilleure pratique en Suède. Les parties impliquées dans le processus de restructuration ont créé une « flexicurité » au niveau de l’entreprise au travers d’une approche stratégique de la responsabilité sociale des entreprises (RSE), en échange d’une flexibilité numérique accrue grâce au recours à une main-d’oeuvre temporaire. La flexibilité numérique élevée a été rendue possible parce que les syndicats ont vu que le sommet du management avait adopté un comportement stratégique socialement responsable durant le processus de restructuration. Notre proposition concerne la dissémination d’un modèle de flexicurité durant le processus de restructuration qui promeut: (1) une meilleure approche stratégique de la RSE durant le processus de restructuration, (2) une meilleure transition vers un nouvel emploi sur le marché du travail local, et (3) une meilleure flexibilité, qui génère une efficience et une compétitivité accrues et un retour rapide à la rentabilité au cours de la restructuration. Dieser Beitrag untersucht anhand eines Beispiels bewährter Praxis in Schweden die Anwendung betrieblicher Flexicurity-Regelungen während des Umstrukturierungsprozesses und formuliert Vorschläge für deren Verbesserung. Die an dieser Umstrukturierung beteiligten Parteien haben eine Flexicurity-Regelung im Rahmen einer Strategie zur sozialen Verantwortung des Unternehmens (CSR) eingeführt, als Gegenleistung für eine erhöhte Flexibilität durch den Einsatz von Zeitarbeitskräften. Die Gewerkschaften akzeptierten die hohe Flexibilität, weil die Unternehmensführung sich zu einem strategischen sozial verantwortungsvollen Handeln im Umstrukturierungsprozess verpflichtet hatte. Aus unserer Sicht sollte bei Umstrukturierungsprozessen ein betriebliches Flexicurity-Modell angewandt werden, das Folgendes fördert: 1) eine verbesserte strategische CSR im Umstrukturierungsprozess, 2) einen besseren Übergang in eine neue Beschäftigung auf dem lokalen Arbeitsmarkt und 3) eine verbesserte Flexibilität, die zu mehr Effizienz und Wettbewerbsfähigkeit führt und eine schnelle Amortisierung während der Umstrukturierung ermöglicht.
30
Rahman, Nayeem, Rodrigo Rabetino, Arto Rajala, and Jukka Partanen. "Ushering in a New Dawn: Demand-Side Local Flexibility Platform Governance and Design in the Finnish Energy Markets." Energies 14, no. 15 (July 21, 2021): 4405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14154405.
Full textAbstract:
Energy ecosystems are under a significant transition. Local flexibility marketplaces (LFM) and platforms are argued to have significant potential in contributing to such a transition. The purpose of this study was to answer the following research question: how do market conditions and stakeholders shape emerging LFM platform governance choices? We approached this objective with an exploratory single-case study by conducting ten semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders in the Finnish energy ecosystem. The results of the content and pattern analyses revealed the key challenges to LFM implementation such as the current regulatory treatment of flexibility, high costs of gadget installations, and ensuring sufficient liquidity in the market. In addition, we also demonstrated that despite such barriers, the Finnish ecosystem is largely pragmatic about LFMs’ in its midst. All in all, we contributed to the non-technological streams of LFM literature by developing an exhaustive framework with four distinctive dimensions (i.e., ecosystem readiness, value-creation logic, platform architecture and governance, platform competitiveness) for LFM development, which helps academics, practitioners, and policy-makers to understand how novel platforms emerge and develop.
31
JAGUSIAK, Bogusław. "Związki zawodowe a rynek pracy w Unii Europejskiej." Przegląd Politologiczny, no. 4 (November 2, 2018): 149–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pp.2010.15.4.12.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study is to present the opportunities for trade unions to influence the labor market in the EU. The economic crisis in the EU has affected its labor markets to varying degrees. In the analysis of selected examples it can be clearly seen that the countries that have survived the crisis in the labor market better are those where the labor market is flexible, i.e. where, although people can easily lose one job, they are relatively likely to find another. EU states undertake to make labor relations more flexible, to further diversify employment forms, or to move salary negotiations to lower levels, thus eliminating state intervention in labor markets. Local EU labor markets have become a part of a supranational system of free flow of workers. European integration has generated common problems in the labor market, where trade unions need to undertake joint efforts to increase the flexibility, mobility and efficiency of the labor force, to improve labor market programs and provide for more efficient collaboration of social partners. This also follows from the protective function trade unions are supposed to play in the unified European market, and from an attempt to solve the issue of whether the expansion of trade union activity to the European level is effective in looking for compromise on the labor market.
32
Gialis, Stelios, Maria Tsampra, and Lila Leontidou. "Atypical employment in crisis-hit Greek regions: Local production structures, flexibilization and labour market re/deregulation." Economic and Industrial Democracy 38, no. 4 (June 17, 2015): 656–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143831x15586815.
Full textAbstract:
The article addresses the shifting patterns of atypical employment across the regions of Greece, severely hit by the 2009 crisis. Changes are depicted by NUTS-II level data for the pre- and post-crisis periods of 2005–2009 and 2009–2011. A regional categorization is suggested, as different forms of atypical employment, namely part-time, temporary, solo self-employment and family work, have expanded unevenly across space. The authors argue that different patterns are related to regional specialization and industrial structures differently affected by the crisis. Established forms of atypical employment have been shaken, while new highly precarious ones have been boosted. Moreover, regulatory reforms for higher labour flexibilization have also defined the emergent atypical employment patterns in Greece. The article points out that in the Greek labour market, already marked by high flexibility and poor job security and social benefits, recent regulatory reforms increasing flexibilization have deteriorated labour and devalued atypical employment.
33
Stokan, Eric, and Aaron Deslatte. "Beyond Borders: Governmental Fragmentation and the Political Market for Growth in American Cities." State and Local Government Review 51, no. 3 (September 2019): 150–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160323x20915497.
Full textAbstract:
Political fragmentation has been conceptualized as a phenomenon which increases competition for mobile citizens and jobs between local governments within the same region. However, the empirical basis for this nexus between governmental fragmentation and increased competition for development is surprisingly lacking. Utilizing a newly constructed database that matches political fragmentation indices (horizontal, vertical, and bordered) to a nationwide survey of economic development officials in 2014, we begin to fill this gap by analyzing the influence fragmentation has on the use of tax incentives, regulatory flexibility, and community development tools in U.S. cities. Applying the political market framework and a Bayesian inferential approach, we find that the proliferation of local governments increases incentive use. However, more specialized governance increases the probability of using community development activities.
34
Retorta, Fábio, João Aguiar, Igor Rezende, José Villar, and Bernardo Silva. "Local Market for TSO and DSO Reactive Power Provision Using DSO Grid Resources." Energies 13, no. 13 (July 3, 2020): 3442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13133442.
Full textAbstract:
This paper proposes a near to real-time local market to provide reactive power to the transmission system operator (TSO), using the resources connected to a distribution grid managed by a distribution system operator (DSO). The TSO publishes a requested reactive power profile at the TSO-DSO interface for each time-interval of the next delivery period, so that market agents (managing resources of the distribution grid) can prepare and send their bids accordingly. DSO resources are the first to be mobilized, and the remaining residual reactive power is supplied by the reactive power flexibility offered in the local reactive market. Complex bids (with non-curtailability conditions) are supported to provide flexible ways of bidding fewer flexible assets (such as capacitor banks). An alternating current (AC) optimal power flow (OPF) is used to clear the bids by maximizing the social welfare to supply the TSO required reactive power profile, subject to the DSO grid constraints. A rolling window mechanism allows a continuous dispatching of reactive power, and the possibility of adapting assigned schedules to real time constraints. A simplified TSO-DSO cost assignment of the flexible reactive power used is proposed to share for settlement purposes.
35
Steen, Trui. "Een nieuw en flexibel personeelsbeleid in de lokale besturen in Vlaanderen ?" Res Publica 40, no. 1 (March 31, 1998): 79–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v40i1.18569.
Full textAbstract:
Personnel management in localgovernment in Flanders bas undergone some major reforms during recent years. We examine the purposes and the extent of these reforms. Also, the new personnel management in Flemish local government is evaluated in terms of flexibility. The Flemish civil service can be considered as an Internal Labour Market. The rigidity which characterises the Internal Labour Market in local government in Flanders is shown by the fact that local government lacks discretion in elaborating the personnel statute, which still constitutes the basis of personnel management. However, the thesis that the public sector employment policy is too rigid has to be nuanced. The civil service is familiar with irregular forms ofemployment. Infact, in Flemish local government only half of all personnel are employed according to a statute.Despite some constraints on the development of more flexible personnel policies, it is still possible to find opportunities which provide hope for the development of new and modern personnel management strategies in local government.
36
Nagopoulos, Nikos, and Kostas Rontos. "Applying Sociological Knowledge to Produce Positive Social Change. - New Forms of Employment and the Case of Flexicurity." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 6, no. 2 (April 30, 2016): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v6i2.p180-190.
Full textAbstract:
This paper considers flexicurity as a potential strategy to improve labour market, especially in times of economic crisis. Flexicurity is defined as a grated strategy aimed at simultaneously improving a) flexibility and security in the labour market b) social cohesion at a time of intense social changes with lack of social protection and instability c) flexible and reliable contractual arrangements (FCA) d) comprehensive lifelong learning (LLL) strategies e) effective active labour market policies (ALMP); and Modern social security systems (MSS). Thereafter, the paper presents a state of the art regarding the typologies of the flexicurity concept. Based on the state-of-the-art, and in order to explain the different levels of flexicurity strategies among EU member states, the authors suggest the criteria of examining and analysing the features of the good examples of flexibility policies at the regional and local level of EU. Based on those criteria, the authors then develop a typology of flexicurity initiatives. The specific characteristics of those initiatives are analysed. Finally, a discussion about the types of regions for application is taking place
37
Gábor, I. "Experience-earnings profile and earnings flexibility: A missing piece in some labour market puzzles?" Acta Oeconomica 60, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aoecon.60.2010.1.3.
Full textAbstract:
Drawing on data from 11 successive waves of yearly wage surveys carried out by the Public Employment Service in Hungary from 1992 to 2003, the paper examines, with the use of elementary statistical tools, whether or not earnings fluctuations differ in size across groups of employees with different degrees of schooling and labour market experience, and if they do, whether the observed differentials might be related to differences in the experience-earnings profiles of those groups.Although preliminary, our findings suggest that earnings fluctuations do differ in magnitude across those groups, and that, moreover, their magnitudes vary in positive association with group-specific global and local slopes of the relevant experience-earnings profiles.Assuming that (1) differences in the observed magnitudes of earnings fluctuations are at least partly due to differences in the flexibility/rigidity of the market rates of earnings, and that (2) the flexibility/rigidity of those rates is a determinant of unemployment, it seems reasonable to expect that long-discovered systemic differences in unemployment across groups of employees with different degrees of schooling and experience (and, perhaps, across countries as well) might also be related in part to differences in experience-earnings profiles
38
Chen, Haiyang, Michael Y. Hu, and G. Peter Zhang. "Overcoming Liability of Foreignness." International Journal of Strategic Decision Sciences 1, no. 3 (July 2010): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jsds.2010070105.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines the liability of foreignness (LOF) faced by multinational enterprises (MNEs), and the effects of strategies employed to overcome the liability. Based on a sample of 3,085 Sino-foreign joint ventures formed in manufacturing sectors in China, the authors find that Hong Kong investors, who are often perceived to have lower LOF than investors from other countries, are more actively engaged in strategies to overcome the LOF. Specifically, Hong Kong investors actively adopt strategies to seek local markets, maintain investment flexibility, utilize their competitive advantages in labor-intensive industries, and leverage cooperative synergism to improve their performance. Investors from other countries adopt market seeking and cooperative synergy approach to improve performance.
39
Chakraborty, Shantanu, Remco Verzijlbergh, Kyri Baker, Milos Cvetkovic, Laurens De Vries, and Zofia Lukszo. "A Coordination Mechanism For Reducing Price Spikes in Distribution Grids." Energies 13, no. 10 (May 15, 2020): 2500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13102500.
Full textAbstract:
Recently, given the increased integration of renewables and growing uncertainty in demand, the wholesale market price has become highly volatile. Energy communities connected to the main electricity grid may be exposed to this increasing price volatility. Additionally, they may also be exposed to local network congestions, resulting in price spikes. Motivated by this problem, in this paper, we present a coordination mechanism between entities at the distribution grid to reduce price volatility. The mechanism relies on the concept of duality theory in mathematical programming through which explicit constraints can be imposed on the local electricity price. Constraining the dual variable related to price enables the quantification of the demand-side flexibility required to guarantee a certain price limit. We illustrate our approach with a case study of a congested distribution grid and an energy storage system as the source of the required demand-side flexibility. Through detailed simulations, we determine the optimal size and operation of the storage system required to constrain prices. An economic evaluation of the case study shows that the business case for providing the contracted flexibility with the storage system depends strongly on the chosen price limit.
40
Tonhá, Henrique Mesquita, Thyago Carvalho Marques, and Bernardo Pinheiro Alvarenga. "Visual Market equilibrium model for power seller multi-microgrid based on a graphic game." Conjecturas 21, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 18–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.53660/conj-082-104.
Full textAbstract:
Microgrids (MGs) have characteristics of flexibility and intelligence. These grids provide potential for integrating renewable energy sources. Hybrid Microgrids make possible to manage complementary between sources and storage schemes, enabling exploration of stronger commercial impact of these energy producing stations. This paper proposes a new market model of equilibrium operation for MGs in local energy markets. MGs remotely located in the grid are virtually associated to compete with other MGs better located. The model meets the interests of the MGs by remuneration of the delivered power and the other stakeholders via loss reduction. A deterministic method based on reduction of the constraint set size and application of Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions process visually the Nash equilibrium (NE) and the Pareto efficiency (PE). The non-cooperative static game has the ability to encourage the participation of small agents in the grid.
41
Pomponi, Joseph Philip, Henry J. Quesada, Robert Smith, and Joseph Loferski. "Factors Behind Construction Companies Wood Products Purchasing Decisions: Supplier Market Impact." Forest Products Journal 71, no. 3 (May 1, 2021): 262–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.13073/fpj-d-21-00025.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Companies in the construction industry have a wide range of suppliers to choose from to meet their building material needs. Local (in-state) suppliers within key southern states in the United States face challenges gaining market share within the construction sectors. Construction companies often outsource their purchase of wood products from a different state or country, which adversely affects the local economy as a result of loss of revenue. However, if companies were limited to in-state supply it would affect trade across states and countries; but the focus was to improve local wood products supplier market impact. Companies within the states of Georgia, Texas, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Florida, and Virginia were interviewed by phone and in person to determine how companies chose wood product suppliers and what factors affected their purchasing decisions. Key factors included cost, quality, delivery, flexibility, location, relationship, and payment options. A survey of construction companies was conducted after the interviews were concluded. Important factors highlighted by responses included cost, quality, relationship, and lead time in choosing a supplier. Suppliers were asked to differentiate their products using information the construction companies highlighted as factors they emphasized. In-state wood product suppliers have an opportunity to gain market share within the construction industry using the factors those construction companies favored in interviews and survey results.
42
Wells, Don. "Labour Markets, Flexible Specialization and the New Microcorporatism The Case of Canada’s Major Appliance Industry." Relations industrielles 56, no. 2 (October 20, 2002): 279–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/000026ar.
Full textAbstract:
Summary“High performance” management systems in unionized workplaces have the potential to create a more microcorporatist industrial relations system in Canada. Increasing interfirm and intrafirm competitiveness, combined with restratification of internal and external labour markets, promote a deepening of “core” workforce dependency on employers. Microcorporatist tendencies reflect more active worker cooperation in achieving management productivity, quality and flexibility goals. Analysis of development of these tendencies in the major appliance industry suggests that microcorporatism has contradictory implications. In one direction lies the displacement of both “social movement” unionism and social democratic labour politics by a local-centred unionism that is increasingly captured by the logic of market competition. In a second direction lies a logic of greater worker resistance related to increased worker control of labour processes.
43
Laaksonen, Hannu, Hosna Khajeh, Chethan Parthasarathy, Miadreza Shafie-khah, and Nikos Hatziargyriou. "Towards Flexible Distribution Systems: Future Adaptive Management Schemes." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8 (April 20, 2021): 3709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083709.
Full textAbstract:
During the ongoing evolution of energy systems toward increasingly flexible, resilient, and digitalized distribution systems, many issues need to be developed. In general, a holistic multi-level systemic view is required on the future enabling technologies, control and management methods, operation and planning principles, regulation as well as market and business models. Increasing integration of intermittent renewable generation and electric vehicles, as well as industry electrification during the evolution, requires a huge amount of flexibility services at multiple time scales and from different voltage levels, resources, and sectors. Active use of distribution network-connected flexible energy resources for flexibility services provision through new marketplaces will also be needed. Therefore, increased collaboration between system operators in operation and planning of the future power system will also become essential during the evolution. In addition, use of integrated cyber-secure, resilient, cost-efficient, and advanced communication technologies and solutions will be of key importance. This paper describes a potential three-stage evolution path toward fully flexible, resilient, and digitalized electricity distribution networks. A special focus of this paper is the evolution and development of adaptive control and management methods as well as compatible collaborative market schemes that can enable the improved provision of flexibility services by distribution network-connected flexible energy resources for local (distribution system operator) and system-wide (transmission system operator) needs.
44
Febrianda, Rendi, and Hiromi Tokuda. "Strategy and Innovation of Mushroom Business in Rural Area Indonesia: Case Study of a Developed Mushroom Enterprise from Cianjur district, West Java, Indonesia." International Journal of Social Science Studies 5, no. 6 (May 13, 2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v5i6.2304.
Full textAbstract:
Mushroom farming has become attractive business in agricultural sector due to its simplicity and flexibility of cultivation and quite profitable. Health awareness of Indonesian people about mushroom gives a positive impact to mushroom business. Behind the good aspects, several evidence argued that production performance of mushroom business is not optimal related to less capacity and deficiently appropriate knowledge. This paper aims to learn the unique strategy and innovation from local mushroom enterprise which is very famous in Cianjur distric, West Java, Indonesia in order to improve the business performance. Using technological (innovation) approach and qualitative method, this study concluded that there are two types of strategies, one relating to the technological part, and the other relating to the organization part. The technological focuses on attracting market and enhancing the yield productivity. The organization part focuses on developing capacity to fulfill the demand by making a contract agreement resembling contract farming with local society. For local society, the contract agreement has benefit to minimize both market failure and production problems under supervison support and without monopoly action. The strategies were capable of being successful innovation by interacting and cooperating with external sources, and performing certain adjustment with local condition.
45
Caulfield, Janice L. "Local government reform in China: a rational actor perspective." International Review of Administrative Sciences 72, no. 2 (June 2006): 253–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020852306064613.
Full textAbstract:
There has been a series of comprehensive reform initiatives in recent Chinese history aimed at improving bureaucratic efficiency, flexibility and innovation through management and fiscal decentralization. The local government sector in China carries major functional responsibilities from economic development to social welfare provision. It is responsible for over 70 percent of total government expenditure. Now, in the new millennium, the Chinese central government seeks to transform local government as part of its market liberalization strategy. This includes ‘privatizing’ local enterprises (a process begun during the 1990s) and a rationalization of local bureaucracy. Although still a highly centralized administration, there has been a significant move away from a uniform approach to local government where now differentiation between regions and localities is actively encouraged. Within a still tightly constrained political structure, however, the reforms have done more than improve China’s economic output. They have created incentives for local officials to engage in rent seeking and utility-maximizing behaviours. The article explores the reform initiatives and critically assesses results against this background.
46
Moulier-Boutang, Yann. "Resistance to the Political Representation of a lien Populations: The European Paradox." International Migration Review 19, no. 3 (September 1985): 485–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791838501900306.
Full textAbstract:
This article addresses the issue of resistance of European nations to granting unnaturalized citizens the right to vote in local, regional, and national elections. It argues that this political inflexibility contrasts with the economic flexibility these nations demonstrated when they made a call for labor to overseas populations, former colonies, and other countries and which they exhibit now as they work to modernize production systems in their industries. Because of this lack of political representation, local authorities have proven disinterested in migrants’ concerns and migrants have become subjects of the labor market, rather than of the law. The author concludes that “political underdevelopment” will only intensify the turbulence projected for Europe's economy.
47
Pilpola, Sannamari, Vahid Arabzadeh, Jani Mikkola, and Peter Lund. "Analyzing National and Local Pathways to Carbon-Neutrality from Technology, Emissions, and Resilience Perspectives—Case of Finland." Energies 12, no. 5 (March 12, 2019): 949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12050949.
Full textAbstract:
The Paris Climate Accord calls for urgent CO2 reductions. Here we investigate low and zero carbon pathways based on clean electricity and sector coupling. Effects from different spatialities are considered through city and national cases (Helsinki and Finland). The methodology employs techno-economic energy system optimization, including resilience aspects. In the Finnish case, wind, nuclear, and biomass coupled to power-to-heat and other flexibility measures could provide a cost-effective carbon-neutral pathway (annual costs −18%), but nuclear and wind are, to some extent, exclusionary. A (near) carbon-neutral energy system seems possible even without nuclear (−94% CO2). Zero-carbon energy production benefits from a stronger link to the broader electricity market albeit flexibility measures. On the city level, wind would not easily replace local combined heat and power (CHP), but may increase electricity export. In the Helsinki case, a business-as-usual approach could halve emissions and annual costs, while in a comprehensive zero-emission approach, the operating costs (OPEX) could decrease by 87%. Generally, electrification of heat production could be effective to reduce CO2. Low or zero carbon solutions have a positive impact on resilience, but in the heating sector this is more problematic, e.g., power outage and adequacy of supply during peak demand will require more attention when planning future carbon-free energy systems.
48
Zdon-Korzeniowska, Małgorzata. "Marketing terytorialny jako forma działań przedsiębiorczych samorządów terytorialnych w Polsce." Przedsiębiorczość - Edukacja 7 (January 1, 2011): 188–1196. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20833296.7.14.
Full textAbstract:
Nowadays, functioning of local governments is mostly affected by two phenomena: globalization and locality. Globalizations processes, and among them, tendency to increase the freedom and speed of movement of capital, people, goods and services; give businesses and citizens particular opportunities. These opportunities among others are related with the freedom to choose their place of business, residence, place of work or a place of rest. The above create a specific outlook for the places of reception of investments, businesses or individuals, and so for territorial units managed by local governments. In order to meet the global market requirements, local governments must demonstrate flexibility, innovation and market-based approach, adapting to the needs of interested groups of customers: businesses, tourists, residents, investors. Counterweight to what entails the processes of globalization is observable tendency to expose what is local by communities to emphasize their own identity and affiliation to the region. Local governments in Poland since the late 90’s have gained greater powers and greater freedom of action, which enabled them to implement their role as “managers” of territorial units, which manage, and thus have influence on the directions of development of their “small homelands”. To take advantage of emerging, therefore, opportunities, local authorities - as mentioned above - have to demonstrate entrepreneurial and innovative approach. The use of the concept of territorial marketing can be regarded without a doubt as an entrepreneurship attitude of local governments in the conditions of globalization. Market-based approach founded on the marketing concept allows one to increase the efficiency of activities related to resource management of individual territorial units, thus being a useful tool to enhance their competitiveness. This paper contains reflections on application of the concepts of territorial marketing by public authorities to manage their own development.
49
Prataviera, Lorenzo Bruno, Elena Tappia, Sara Perotti, and Alessandro Perego. "Estimating the national logistics outsourcing market size: a multi-method approach and an application to the Italian context." International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management 51, no. 7 (April 29, 2021): 764–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpdlm-07-2020-0243.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeToday logistics is an ever-growing multi-billion-dollar business, and logistics operations have been increasingly outsourced to specialised players. The intended aim of this paper is to offer a multi-method approach for estimating the size of the national logistics outsourcing market by building upon financial-reporting data of logistics service providers (LSPs).Design/methodology/approachThe proposed approach is structured into four steps, clustered around two main stages: framework setting and data collection, and processing. A combination of methods is offered, including a review of academic literature and secondary sources, focus groups, interviews and data extractions from national databases.FindingsThe proposed approach is meant to be replicable in different countries, thus allowing for comparison amongst markets. With reference to a specific country and year, the following outputs are provided: market size in terms of the number of players and generated turnover – total and split by LSPs type – and market concentration measures. A practical application of the proposed approach to a specific context, i.e. Italy is finally offered.Originality/valueThe study focusses on the logistics outsourcing market and considers financial-reporting data from LSPs, avoiding the need for introducing assumptions about the value of logistics operations for shippers. The proposed approach can contribute to strengthening the accuracy of LSPs' market analyses, and supporting the development of national policies by local governments. The adoption of multiple methods brings rigour and reliability to the study. Finally, high flexibility is ensured, as the method may be adaptable over time to cope with future changes in the logistics landscape.
50
Rutkiewicz, Krzysztof, and Tomasz Berbeka. "IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF A SMALL ENTERPRISE STRATEGY – A CASE STUDY OF A CONFECTIONER'S SHOP." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XX, no. 5 (October 18, 2018): 184–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.6707.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the research was an all-encompassing assessment of the process of shaping the strategy of a small enterprise (confectioner’s shop), conducting business activity on the local market. The verified hypothesis is that the strategy of a small company is not always formalized, because strategic plans can only be hidden „in the owner’s head”. The research is of a theoretical and empirical nature, including a critical analysis of the data. An observation method, in-depth personal interview and questionnaire research were applied. A SWOT and CSF (Critical Success Factor) analysis were carried out concerning the examined enterprise and its competitors. The contemporary market realities determine the necessity of the organization’s flexibility in achieving objectives as a part of creative and innovative strategies. The researched company is in a stable phase of maturity, using the strategy of maintaining a strong position on the local confectionery market. A conservative strategy based solely on increasing the range, not on innovation, may be a symptom of depression. The company, using 30 years of experience, has developed its own value system (organization’s DNA) in the form of principles, standards and views on business issues that instinctively are implemented into the conducted economic activity.