Journal articles: 'Local disorder'

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McCarthy, Nicola. "Suppressing local disorder." Nature Reviews Cancer 12, no. 7 (June 22, 2012): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrc3315.

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Shafti, Saeed. "Comparison between Adolescents and Adults Respecting Suicidal Behavior: A Native Local Study." Clinical Research Notes 1, no. 1 (February 24, 2020): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-8816/002.

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Introduction: while some of scholars believe that combining adult and adolescent suicidal behavior findings can result in misleading conclusions, some of researchers have stated that suicidal behavior may be a different phenomenon in adolescents than in adults. Hence, in the present study, the clinical profile of suicidal behavior among adult and child & adolescent psychiatric inpatients, has been compared with each other, to assess their resemblances or variances, in a non-western, local patient population. Methods: five acute academic wards, which have been specified for admission of first episode adult psychiatric patients, and five acute non-academic wards, which have been specified for admission of recurrent episode adult psychiatric patients, had been selected for current study. In addition, child & adolescent section of Razi psychiatric hospital was the field of appraisal concerning its specific age-group. All inpatients with suicidal behavior (successful suicide and attempted suicide, in total), during the last five years (2013-2018), had been included in the present investigation. Besides, clinical diagnosis was based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition. Intra-group and between-group analyses had been performed by ‘comparison of proportions’. Statistical significance as well, had been defined as p value ≤0.05. Results: As said by results, during a sixty months period, sixty-three suicidal behaviors among adult patients, including one successful suicide and sixty-two suicide attempts, and fourteen suicide attempts among child & adolescent patients, without any successful one, had been recorded by the security board of the hospital. While among adults and child & adolescent patients no significant gender-based difference was evident, with respect to suicidal conduct, among adults, the most frequent mental illness was bipolar I disorder, which was significantly more prevalent in comparison with other mental disorders. The other disorders included schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, personality disorders (borderline & antisocial), substance abuse disorders, and adjustment disorder. Among child & adolescent subjects, the most frequent mental illness was, once more, bipolar I disorder, followed by conduct disorder, and substance abuse disorder. Moreover, no significant difference was evident between the first admission and recurrent admission cases in adults or child & adolescents. While self-mutilation, self poisoning and hanging were the preferred methods of suicide among both groups, self-mutilation was significantly more prevalent than the other ways. Conclusion: While the annual incidence of suicidal behavior in inpatient adults and child & adolescents was comparable, bipolar disorder was the most frequent serious mental illness among suicidal subjects of both groups. Moreover, self-mutilation was the preferred method of suicide in adult and child & adolescent psychiatric inpatients.

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Kudrnovsky, J., Vaclav Drchal, Ilja Turek, David Wagenknecht, and Sergii Khmelevskyi. "The Spin-Disorder Resistivity: The Disordered Local Moment Approach." Solid State Phenomena 289 (April 2019): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.289.185.

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The spin-disorder resistivity (SDR) of a broad range of magneticmaterials, both ordered and disordered, is reviewed.We identify the SDR at the critical temperature with the residualresistivity of the corresponding system evaluated in the frameworkof the disordered local moment (DLM) model.The underlying electronic structure is determined in the frameworkof the tight-binding linear muffin-tin orbital method which employsthe coherent potential approximation to describe the DLM stateand chemical disorder.The DLM fixed-spin moment method is used in the case when the DLMmoment collapses.The Kubo-Greenwood approach is employed to estimate the resistivityof the DLM state.Formalism is applied to Fe and Ni and its alloys, Heusler alloys,and ordered ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic alloys.Finally, the SDR of the Earth's core will be studied using thesame formalism.Calculations are compared with available experimental data.

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VASTERLING, JENNIFER J., LISA M. DUKE, HOLLY TOMLIN, NATASHA LOWERY, and EDITH KAPLAN. "Global–local visual processing in posttraumatic stress disorder." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 10, no. 5 (September 2004): 709–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617704105031.

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The purpose of this study was to examine a behavioral index of hemispheric asymmetry (i.e., visual hierarchical attention) in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a disorder characterized by anxiety and other emotional symptoms. A reaction time based, computerized, global–local visual paradigm was administered to 26 PTSD-diagnosed and 22 psychopathology-free right-handed, male Vietnam War zone veterans. Results indicated that PTSD-diagnosed veterans displayed slower reaction times to all targets than the no-mental disorders comparison sample. However, findings also revealed a Group × Target location interaction in which the PTSD group was slower than the no-disorders comparison sample to respond to local, but not global, targets. Moreover, relative global bias was greater among PTSD-diagnosed veterans than their no-diagnosis counterparts. Findings provide partial support for the hypothesis that PTSD may be associated with a functional cerebral asymmetry favoring the right hemisphere. (JINS, 2004,10, 709–718.)

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Rivier, N., and J. F. Sadoc. "The local geometry of disorder." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 106, no. 1-3 (December 1988): 282–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3093(88)90275-x.

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Butt, Ayesha Siddiqa, Sadia Abdul Jabbar, Waleed Akhtar, Amjad Hussaain Balouch, Hateem Bakhsh Sobhi, and Hanniyah Abdul Jabbar. "Frequency of Neurological Disorders Misdiagnosed as Conversion Disorder in our Local Population." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 9 (September 30, 2022): 775–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22169775.

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Aims and Objectives: To determine the frequency of Neurological Disorders, Misdiagnosed as Conversion Disorder in our local population Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted at Psychiatry Department, Akhtar Saeed Medical College & Hospital, Lahore Pakistan, from June, 2021 to December, 2021. Data Collection: After meeting the inclusion criteria 115 patients were enrolled. CT brain, MRI brain and EEG were carried out to assess neurological symptoms in patients admitted with a diagnosis of conversion disorder. Misdiagnosis was labeled as per operational definition. All the data analyzed on SPSS version 23. Results: In this study the mean age was (27.03±11.95) years, male to female ratio was 0.36:1. The CT and MRI diagnosed abnormal finding in 7(6.1%) patients, while EEG was abnormal in 2(1.7%) of these 7 patients, resulting in neurological disorders being diagnosed in 7(6.1%) patients. Hence, in this study misdiagnosed cases were 7(6.1%). Conclusion: This study concluded that frequency of Neurological Disorders Misdiagnosed as Conversion Disorder is 6.09% in our local population. Keywords: Conversion Disorder, Neurological disorder, EEG, MRI, CT

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Shoja Shafti, Saeed. "Prevalence and Clinical Features of Seizure Attacks in Psychiatric Wards: A Local Review." Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery 5, no. 1 (November 18, 2019): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2578-8868/093.

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Introduction: Behavioral and cognitive dysfunction is frequently observed in patients with recurrent seizures and represents an important challenge in treating these patients. In the present assessment the incidence and clinical profile of seizure attacks have been probed among a great sample of non-western psychiatric inpatients and compared with the available data in literature regarding prevalence and other associated clinical physiognomies Methods: All inpatients that had suffered seizure attack during the last sixty-four months had been included in the present study. Clinical diagnosis, as well, was in essence based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5). Results: While epilepsy had been identified as the primary cause of seizure (82.92%), 17.64% of them had experienced their first attacks during hospitalization. Annual incidence of seizure in psychiatric iseizure; epilepsy; schizophrenia; mood disorder; neuropsychiatry.npatients, on the whole, was around 0.07%. It was almost 0.06 in identified epileptic cases and about 0.01% with respect to the first time unprovoked epileptic attack. Also, the seizure attacks were significantly more prevalent among male psychiatric inpatients than female patients. Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder were significantly more prevalent than substance abuse, schizoaffective and depression, as comorbid psychiatric disorders among patients who had suffered seizure attacks, generally, and known cases of epilepsy, particularly. Conclusion: While, etiologically, epilepsy had been identified as the primary cause of seizure in psychiatric inpatients, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder were significantly more prevalent, as comorbid psychiatric disorders, in comparison with other primary psychiatric illnesses. Male gender, as well, could be considered as a risk factor.

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Akai, H., and P. H. Dederichs. "Local moment disorder in ferromagnetic alloys." Physical Review B 47, no. 14 (April 1, 1993): 8739–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.47.8739.

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Carrà, Giuseppe, Caterina Giacobone, Florinda Pozzi, Pasquale Alecci, and Francesco Barale. "Prevalence of mental disorder and related treatments in a local jail: a 20-month consecutive case study." Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 13, no. 1 (March 2004): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00003225.

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SummaryAims – To define the prevalence of mental disorder within an Italian local jail and to describe main psychiatric treatments provided. Methods – Cross-sectional study of consecutive male prisoners referred, over a twenty-month period, for a clinical psychiatric assessment, among population (N=990) of Casa circondariale “Torre del Gallo”, Pavia (I); clinical DSM-IV diagnostic assessment and retrospective analysis of provided psychiatric treatments (i.e. psychiatric visits and pharmacological prescriptions). Results – 191 men (19.3%) had one or more current mental disorders (excluding substance misuse), including 13 (1.3%) psychosis; 53 (5.4%) mood disorder; 24 (2.4%) anxiety disorder; 26 (2.6%) adjustment disorder; 40 (4.1%) personality disorder; 32 (3.2%) personality disorder plus mood disorder; 3 (0.3%) mental retardation. Substance- (N=89, 47%) and HIV-related (N=19, 10%) disorders comorbidity is recognised. Psychiatric visits are mainly provided to psychosis and personality disorder plus mood disorder subgroups. Off-label antipsychotics prescriptions are frequent. Conclusions – The prevalence of mental disorder in this population is higher than US and EU averages, and for particular diagnostic subgroups it could be underestimated. Psychiatric management in prison should be reorganized according to national and European health guidelines.

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Singh, Avinash, Martin Ulmke, and Dieter Vollhardt. "Disorder-enhanced delocalization and local-moment quenching in a disordered antiferromagnet." Physical Review B 58, no. 13 (October 1, 1998): 8683–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.58.8683.

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Campion, Jonathan. "Public mental health: the local tangibles." Psychiatrist 37, no. 7 (July 2013): 238–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.113.042788.

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SummaryPublic mental health involves a number of important elements relevant to psychiatrists. This includes estimation of the level and impact of unmet need for treatment of mental disorder, prevention of mental disorder and promotion of mental well-being particularly in higher-risk groups. In the UK, the majority of people with mental disorder receive no intervention. This is despite the large impact and costs of mental disorder and existence of cost-effective interventions which result in economic savings even in the short term. Furthermore, spend is virtually absent for interventions to prevent mental disorder and promote mental well-being despite prominence within government policy and a good evidence base. At a time of budget cuts, local information about level, impact and costs of such unmet need as well as effective interventions are important to accurately inform the required investment for treatment of mental disorder, its prevention and promotion of mental well-being. Information about impact of interventions including economic savings across a broad range of sectors can also be estimated. This article summarises recent public mental health commissioning guidance which provides such information.

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Nasim, Azhar, Zahid Rafique, Ali Talal, Aurangzeb Afzal, and Asmara Asrar. "Prevalence of Bone Mineral Disorder in Hemodialysis patients: A Single Centered Study of Local Population." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 7 (July 30, 2022): 134–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22167134.

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Background: Mineral homeostasis deteriorates when kidney function diminishes, manifesting as variations in blood and tissue levels of calcium and phosphate, followed by the change in circulating parathyroid hormone (PTH). Mineral bone disorders (MBD) are a clinical illness caused by chronic renal disease that expresses as a systemic impairment of mineral and bone metabolism. Aim: To find out prevalence of bone mineral disorders in hemodialysis patients presenting in Nephrology Ward, SIMS. Lahore Methodology: This observational analysis included a total of 88 patients, who were on dialysis at the nephrology department of SHL for the period of more than six months. The study was conducted from 17 September 2021 to 10 March 2022 after the approval of the ethical review board of the Department. According to their blood PTH levels, the patients were split into three groups: those with PTH levels less than 150 pg/ml (low bone turnover), those with PTH levels between 150 and 300 pg/ml (normal bone turnover), and those with PTH levels greater than 300 pg/ml (high bone turnover). Results: The prevalence of bone mineral disorder was 87.5% in hemodialysis patients presenting at the nephrology department, in which prevalence of high turnover bone disorder was 73.9% whereas the prevalence of low turnover bone disorder was 13.6%. In the early dialysis period (0.5-5 years) the prevalence of bone mineral disorders was more prominent as compared to the patients on dialysis for more than 5 years. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of bone mineral disorders, in which patients with high turnover were found to be more prevalent. Similarly, patients in the early years of dialysis are more prone to develop bone mineral disorders. Thus, we should keep these findings in mind while doing the follow up and adjust the medication accordingly. Keywords: Bone Mineral Disorders, Low Turnover Bone Disorders, Hyper Para Thyroid Disorder, Prevalence of Disease

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Kabanova, V. A., V. V. Popov, Ya V. Zubavichus, E. S. Kulik, A. A. Yaroslavtsev, R. V. Chernikov, and A. P. Menushenkov. "High local disorder in Tb2Hf2O7pyrochlore oxide nanocrystals." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 712 (May 2016): 012113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/712/1/012113.

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Hannon, Alex C., Emma R. Barney, Diane Holland, and Kevin S. Knight. "Local structure and disorder in crystalline Pb9Al8O21." Journal of Solid State Chemistry 181, no. 5 (May 2008): 1087–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2008.02.008.

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Vozmediano, M. A. H., F. Guinea, and M. P. López-Sancho. "Interactions, disorder and local defects in graphite." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 67, no. 1-3 (January 2006): 562–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2005.10.134.

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Fogelson, Noa, Avi Peled, Sarah Marmor, Miguel Fernandez-del-Olmo, and Ehud Klein. "Local contextual processing in major depressive disorder." Clinical Neurophysiology 125, no. 3 (March 2014): 476–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2013.09.001.

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Dalba, G., P. Fornasini, M. Grazioli, and F. Rocca. "Local disorder in crystalline and amorphous germanium." Physical Review B 52, no. 15 (October 15, 1995): 11034–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.52.11034.

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Tantos, Agnes, Kriszta Szrnka, Beata Szabo, Monika Bokor, Pawel Kamasa, Peter Matus, Angela Bekesi, Kalman Tompa, Kyou-Hoon Han, and Peter Tompa. "Structural disorder and local order of hNopp140." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics 1834, no. 1 (January 2013): 342–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2012.08.005.

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Weidtmann, Boris, Andreas Duvenbeck, and Andreas Wucher. "Does local disorder influence secondary ion formation?" Surface and Interface Analysis 46, S1 (June 6, 2014): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.5506.

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Wei, Yange, Miao Chang, Fay Y. Womer, Qian Zhou, Zhiyang Yin, Shengnan Wei, Yifang Zhou, et al. "Local functional connectivity alterations in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder." Journal of Affective Disorders 236 (August 2018): 266–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.04.069.

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Wilson, Carter J., Wing-Yiu Choy, and Mikko Karttunen. "AlphaFold2: A Role for Disordered Protein/Region Prediction?" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 9 (April 21, 2022): 4591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094591.

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The development of AlphaFold2 marked a paradigm-shift in the structural biology community. Herein, we assess the ability of AlphaFold2 to predict disordered regions against traditional sequence-based disorder predictors. We find that AlphaFold2 performs well at discriminating disordered regions, but also note that the disorder predictor one constructs from an AlphaFold2 structure determines accuracy. In particular, a naïve, but non-trivial assumption that residues assigned to helices, strands, and H-bond stabilized turns are likely ordered and all other residues are disordered results in a dramatic overestimation in disorder; conversely, the predicted local distance difference test (pLDDT) provides an excellent measure of residue-wise disorder. Furthermore, by employing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we note an interesting relationship between the pLDDT and secondary structure, that may explain our observations and suggests a broader application of the pLDDT for characterizing the local dynamics of intrinsically disordered proteins and regions (IDPs/IDRs).

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Vyas, Anisha, and Sara Jenkins. "Supporting women with personality disorders in local services: A community outreach pilot project." Clinical Psychology Forum 1, no. 270 (June 2015): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpscpf.2015.1.270.44.

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This paper describes the rationale, implementation and outcomes of a pilot project delivered by Northamptonshire Healthcare Foundation Trust’s specialist personality disorder service to develop more cost and clinically effective alternatives to out-of-area placements for women with personality disorders.

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Ford, Tamsin, Panos Vostanis, Howard Meltzer, and Robert Goodman. "Psychiatric disorder among British children looked after by local authorities: Comparison with children living in private households." British Journal of Psychiatry 190, no. 4 (April 2007): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.106.025023.

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BackgroundChildren looked after by local authorities are at higher risk of poor psychosocial outcomes than children living in private households, but nationally representative and random samples of the two groups of children have not previously been compared.AimsTo find explanations for the increased prevalence of psychiatric disorder in children looked after by local authorities.MethodWe examined socio-demographic characteristics and psychopathology by type of placement among children looked after in Britain by local authorities (n = 1453), and compared these children with deprived and non-deprived children living in private households (n = 10 428).ResultsChildren looked after by local authorities had higher levels of psychopathology, educational difficulties and neurodevelopmental disorders, and ‘looked after’ status was independently associated with nearly all types of psychiatric disorder after adjusting for these educational and physical factors. The prevalence of psychiatric disorder was particularly high among those living in residential care and with many recent changes of placement.ConclusionsOur findings indicate a need for greater support of this vulnerable group of children.

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Tanaka, M. "P134 Vibration sensation test of local vibration disorder." SANGYO EISEIGAKU ZASSHI 41, Special (1999): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1539/sangyoeisei.kj00001991049.

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Grin, Y., Y. Prots, and H. Borrmann. "Crystallography of shadows: local disorder in intermetallic compounds." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 68, a1 (August 7, 2012): s48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767312099084.

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Rothschild, Gideon, and Adi Mizrahi. "Global Order and Local Disorder in Brain Maps." Annual Review of Neuroscience 38, no. 1 (July 8, 2015): 247–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-neuro-071013-014038.

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Hoyos, J. A., N. Laflorencie, A. P. Vieira, and T. Vojta. "Protecting clean critical points by local disorder correlations." EPL (Europhysics Letters) 93, no. 3 (February 1, 2011): 30004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/93/30004.

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Weber, T., M. Kobas, and W. Steurer. "Modelling local disorder and diffuse scattering in quasicrystals." Philosophical Magazine 87, no. 18-21 (June 21, 2007): 2799–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786430701358657.

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Toudic, B., H. Cailleau, J. Gallier, and R. E. Lechner. "Local dynamics around structural order-disorder phase transitions." Journal de Physique I 2, no. 6 (June 1992): 829–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp1:1992182.

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Rosenbaum, T. F., X. D. Shi, and S. R. Nagel. "Local order and global disorder in bidisperse ferrofluids." Journal of Physical Chemistry 99, no. 9 (March 1995): 2875–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100009a050.

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Blanchard, Peter E. R., Richard Clements, Brendan J. Kennedy, Chris D. Ling, Emily Reynolds, Max Avdeev, Anton P. J. Stampfl, Zhaoming Zhang, and Ling-Yun Jang. "Does Local Disorder Occur in the Pyrochlore Zirconates?" Inorganic Chemistry 51, no. 24 (October 11, 2012): 13237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic301677b.

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Goya, G. F., and H. R. Rechenberg. "Superparamagnetic transition and local disorder in CuFe2O4 nanoparticles." Nanostructured Materials 10, no. 6 (August 1998): 1001–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0965-9773(98)00133-0.

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Fuxreiter, Monika, Peter Tompa, and István Simon. "Local structural disorder imparts plasticity on linear motifs." Bioinformatics 23, no. 8 (March 25, 2007): 950–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btm035.

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Kalinin, Roman E., Igor A. Suchkov, Marina V. Laut, Nina D. Mzhavanadze, and Ivan N. Shanaev. "Varicose Veins: A Local or Systemic Hemodynamic Disorder?" Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography 36, no. 4 (April 7, 2020): 328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756479320912683.

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Objective: To determine the capabilities of a sonographic examination to evaluate local and systemic hemodynamic disorders in patients with varicose disease. Materials and Methods: This study included 583 patients with varicose veins, among whom 348 had trophic disorders. All subjects underwent lower limb duplex sonography and superficial, perforator, and deep venous diameter measurements, as well as had a calculated velocity for antegrade and reflux flow. Peripheral resistive index (RI) in the arteries, accompanying perforator veins (PVs), was analyzed. In addition, echocardiography was performed on 46 of the participants. Results: A statistically significant difference in the diameter of the great saphenous vein was obtained between class C2 and C4 varicose veins ( P < .05). Similar findings were obtained for the diameter of the PVs and the velocity reflux flow through PVs. Arteries in the perforator bundles demonstrated low RI, which may be attributed to the presence of arteriovenous shunts. Varicose veins were associated with an increased incidence of nonrestrictive type of blood flow through the tricuspid valve. Conclusions: Sonography demonstrated that additional factors rather than hemodynamics may be attributable to the development of venous ulcers. The most informative parameters of cardiac function, in a patient with varicose veins, are the indicators of diastolic function in both ventricles.

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Kudrnovský, J., V. Drchal, I. Turek, S. Khmelevskyi, J. K. Glasbrenner, and K. D. Belashchenko. "The disordered local moment approach to the spin-disorder resistivity of metallic ferromagnets." EPJ Web of Conferences 40 (2013): 12001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20134012001.

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Rynkiewicz, Agnieszka, Izabela Łucka, Gabriela Grylowska, Magdalena Szura, and Katarzyna Plata-Nazar. "The future of telehealth for patients with autism spectrum disorder based on the example of Extension for Community Health Outcomes (ECHO) Autism – a global model introduced in Poland." Psychiatria i Psychologia Kliniczna 22, no. 2 (September 20, 2022): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15557/pipk.2022.0014.

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Autism spectrum disorders are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders associated with deficits in social, communication and behavioural functions. It is estimated that 1–2% of the global population is affected by autism spectrum disorders, with girls and women still representing a highly underestimated group of autistic patients. Patients with autism spectrum disorder require comprehensive care and often have difficulty accessing high-quality healthcare services due to the shortage of well-trained specialists. Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) Autism is a global program that allows autism spectrum disorder experts to share their knowledge and skills with professionals in local communities. The ECHO project is a mentoring model in which an interdisciplinary team of experts plays a supreme role and provides practical information to specialists in local communities. ECHO Autism is not a form of telemedicine but a telementoring model, where specialised knowledge is delivered to local specialists. Experts teach how to investigate and diagnose autism spectrum disorder as well as how to deal with co-occurring conditions in these patients. ECHO Autism is useful in meeting the complex needs of patients with autism spectrum disorders from their childhood to late adulthood. It provides the best possible care for these patients and their families, expands practical knowledge and awareness of the disorder, while reducing the inequalities that often occur in rural and neglected communities. The ECHO Autism model is disseminated globally due to its flexibility in adapting to local and regional differences in social norms and constructs. The model is now for the first time introduced in the field of medicine in Europe, with Poland being the first country to adopt it. The aim of this paper is to briefly present the ECHO Autism model and to announce its development in Poland.

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Reutzel, Thomas J., Archana Desai, Gloria Workman, John A. Atkin, Sarah Grady, Timothy Todd, Nhu Nguyen, et al. "Medication Management in Primary and Secondary Schools: Evaluation of Mental Health Related In-Service Education in Local Schools." Journal of School Nursing 24, no. 4 (August 2008): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059840508319629.

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An increasing number of students are taking medications while they are in school or are under the influence of medication during school hours. In a novel effort, clinical pharmacists and mental health therapists worked together to provide “mini-in-service” educational programs on psychological disorders and medications used to treat these disorders. The purpose of this study was to implement and evaluate the effectiveness of these educational programs presented to school nurses, teachers, school administrators, and other personnel. The study compared participant responses before and after attending a medication in-service session on a psychological disorder and its related medications. Results indicated that in-service education on attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and depression improved the knowledge and confidence levels of school personnel regarding medications and symptoms. Feedback indicated school personnel wanted longer educational sessions and more information on these disorders and treatments. School nurses working with health professionals can improve education for staff, families, and students about mental health disorders and their treatment.

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Surtees, P. G., and S. P. Sashidharan. "The epidemiology of affective disorders: national secular trends and local findings." Psychiatry and Psychobiology 4, no. 5 (1989): 287–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0767399x00000195.

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SummaryThis paper examines aspects of the epidemiology of affective disorders in Scotland. Results from 3 investigations are described, each one indicative of a particular research approach (the use of national, case-register and direct-interview based data). In Part I of the paper secular trends in Scottish national and local (Edinburgh city) first admission rates of affective disorders, based upon ICD-9, are examined. The results, based upon the national data, show that during the last two decades the male admission rate declined by 29.4% and the female rate by 37.3%. However, the female rate has remained 1.8 to 2.2-fold that of the male rate throughout this period. Further investigation of these changes was undertaken after dividing the affective disorder category into either the “affective psychoses” or the “depressive neuroses”. Results revealed that whilst there was only a slight change in the Scottish national rate of affective psychoses, marked decreases in rates were revealed for the depressive neuroses for both sexes (males by 39.4% and females by 39.3%). Age-specific secular trends also demonstrated the extent to which the older age groups of both sexes experienced the highest rates of affective psychoses.Results based upon first admissions for affective disorder to the Royal Edinburgh Hospital over the years 1976-1987 showed that the overall male rate had remained relatively unchanged, whilst that for females had declined by about 24%. Subsequent analysis showed that the rates for affective psychoses had declined over the 12 years to a level which for the females was close to the national rate but that the male rate for these conditions had remained (in 1985) at 70% above the Scottish national rate.Part II of this paper presents results from two further studies concerned with investigating rates of affective disorder amongst women. The first of these was a general population survey of a random sample, the second a hospital study. Both studies were designed to be complementary, in that each was based upon samples of women living in the same geographical area of Edinburgh city. Results revealed that the hospital prevalence estimate for affective disorders was only about 1% of the community estimate, but over 5% of the community inception rate. Analyses examining the demographic correlates of affective disorders revealed the extent to which age and marital status differentially determined the ease with which women entered hospital care. Results revealed that being single and of older age was associated with an increased chance of receiving treatment for women with affective disorders.

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39

Terletska, Hanna, Yi Zhang, Ka-Ming Tam, Tom Berlijn, Liviu Chioncel, N. Vidhyadhiraja, and Mark Jarrell. "Systematic Quantum Cluster Typical Medium Method for the Study of Localization in Strongly Disordered Electronic Systems." Applied Sciences 8, no. 12 (November 26, 2018): 2401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8122401.

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Great progress has been made in recent years towards understanding the properties of disordered electronic systems. In part, this is made possible by recent advances in quantum effective medium methods which enable the study of disorder and electron-electronic interactions on equal footing. They include dynamical mean-field theory and the Coherent Potential Approximation, and their cluster extension, the dynamical cluster approximation. Despite their successes, these methods do not enable the first-principles study of the strongly disordered regime, including the effects of electronic localization. The main focus of this review is the recently developed typical medium dynamical cluster approximation for disordered electronic systems. This method has been constructed to capture disorder-induced localization and is based on a mapping of a lattice onto a quantum cluster embedded in an effective typical medium, which is determined self-consistently. Unlike the average effective medium-based methods mentioned above, typical medium-based methods properly capture the states localized by disorder. The typical medium dynamical cluster approximation not only provides the proper order parameter for Anderson localized states, but it can also incorporate the full complexity of Density-Functional Theory (DFT)-derived potentials into the analysis, including the effect of multiple bands, non-local disorder, and electron-electron interactions. After a brief historical review of other numerical methods for disordered systems, we discuss coarse-graining as a unifying principle for the development of translationally invariant quantum cluster methods. Together, the Coherent Potential Approximation, the Dynamical Mean-Field Theory and the Dynamical Cluster Approximation may be viewed as a single class of approximations with a much-needed small parameter of the inverse cluster size which may be used to control the approximation. We then present an overview of various recent applications of the typical medium dynamical cluster approximation to a variety of models and systems, including single and multiband Anderson model, and models with local and off-diagonal disorder. We then present the application of the method to realistic systems in the framework of the DFT and demonstrate that the resulting method can provide a systematic first-principles method validated by experiment and capable of making experimentally relevant predictions. We also discuss the application of the typical medium dynamical cluster approximation to systems with disorder and electron-electron interactions. Most significantly, we show that in the limits of strong disorder and weak interactions treated perturbatively, that the phenomena of 3D localization, including a mobility edge, remains intact. However, the metal-insulator transition is pushed to larger disorder values by the local interactions. We also study the limits of strong disorder and strong interactions capable of producing moment formation and screening, with a non-perturbative local approximation. Here, we find that the Anderson localization quantum phase transition is accompanied by a quantum-critical fan in the energy-disorder phase diagram.

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Zammarchi, Gianpaolo, Claudio Conversano, and Claudia Pisanu. "Investigating Shared Genetic Bases between Psychiatric Disorders, Cardiometabolic and Sleep Traits Using K-Means Clustering and Local Genetic Correlation Analysis." Algorithms 15, no. 11 (November 3, 2022): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a15110409.

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Psychiatric disorders are among the top leading causes of the global health-related burden. Comorbidity with cardiometabolic and sleep disorders contribute substantially to this burden. While both genetic and environmental factors have been suggested to underlie these comorbidities, the specific molecular underpinnings are not well understood. In this study, we leveraged large datasets from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on psychiatric disorders, cardiometabolic and sleep-related traits. We computed genetic correlations between pairs of traits using cross-trait linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression and identified clusters of genetically correlated traits using k-means clustering. We further investigated the identified associations using two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) and tested the local genetic correlation at the identified loci. In the 7-cluster optimal solution, we identified a cluster including insomnia and the psychiatric disorders major depressive disorder (MDD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). MR analysis supported the existence of a bidirectional association between MDD and insomnia and the genetic variants driving this association were found to affect gene expression in different brain regions. Some of the identified loci were further supported by results of local genetic correlation analysis, with body mass index (BMI) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels suggested to explain part of the observed effects. We discuss how the investigation of the genetic relationships between psychiatric disorders and comorbid conditions might help us to improve our understanding of their pathogenesis and develop improved treatment strategies.

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Ashton, Thomas E., Peter J. Baker, Carlos Sotelo-Vazquez, Charles J. M. Footer, Kenji M. Kojima, Takeshi Matsukawa, Takashi Kamiyama, and Jawwad A. Darr. "Stoichiometrically driven disorder and local diffusion in NMC cathodes." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 9, no. 16 (2021): 10477–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta01639c.

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Neutron powder diffraction has uncovered major stoichiometry-driven structural differences in NMC cathodes otherwise obscured in lab-based X-ray powder diffraction. The atomic scale Li diffusion has also been probed by muon spin relaxation.

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42

Tinte, S., M. G. Stachiotti, M. Sepliarsky, R. L. Migoni, and C. O. Rodriguez. "Order-disorder, local structure and precursor effects in BaTiO3." Ferroelectrics 237, no. 1 (January 2000): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00150190008216230.

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43

Eisenmenger, Johannes, Judith Meckler, and Paul Ziemann. "Kondo Effect and Local Disorder in Ion Irradiated AuFe." Journal of Low Temperature Physics 137, no. 3/4 (November 2004): 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jolt.0000049051.91441.06.

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Haiber, Diane M., Barnaby D. A. Levin, and Peter A. Crozier. "Probing Local Structures and Disorder in Graphitic Carbon Nitrides." Microscopy and Microanalysis 25, S2 (August 2019): 1690–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927619009188.

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45

Chen, Sean, Manijeh Wishart, and Paul Hiscott. "Ligneous conjunctivitis: a local manifestation of a systemic disorder?" Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 4, no. 5 (October 2000): 313–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mpa.2000.106961.

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46

Czech, Christian, Lena Kalinowsky, and Martin U. Schmidt. "Local structure and stacking disorder of chloro(phthalocyaninato)aluminium." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials 73, no. 4 (July 25, 2017): 744–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052520617005017.

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Chloro(phthalocyaninato)aluminium [(C32H16N8)AlCl, Pigment Blue 79] is a molecular compound which crystallizes in a layer structure with stacking disorder. Order–disorder theory was applied to analyse and explain the stacking disorder and to determine the symmetry operations, which generate subsequent layers from a given one. Corresponding ordered structural models were constructed and optimized by force field and dispersion-corrected density functional theory methods. The superposition of the four lowest-energy stackings lead to a structure in which every second double layer looks to be ordered; in the other double layers the molecules occupy one of two lateral positions. This calculated superposition structure agrees excellently with an (incomplete) experimental structure determined from single-crystal data. From the optimized ordered models, the stacking probabilities and the preferred local arrangements were derived. Packing effects such as the distortion of the molecules depending on the arrangement of neighbouring molecules could also be determined.

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Jin, Tiancheng, Hao Zha, Katelyn Randazzo, Biao Zuo, Rodney D. Priestley, and Xinping Wang. "Local Disorder Facilitates Chain Stretching in Crowded Polymer Brushes." Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 11, no. 18 (August 31, 2020): 7814–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02374.

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Burgos, E., Horacio Ceva, and R. P. J. Perazzo. "Order and disorder in the local evolutionary minority game." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 354 (August 2005): 518–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2005.02.012.

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Ravel, B., and E. A. Stern. "Local disorder and near edge structure in titanate perovskites." Physica B: Condensed Matter 208-209 (March 1995): 316–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-4526(94)00686-p.

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Kourkoulou, Anastasia, Susan R. Leekam, and John M. Findlay. "Implicit Learning of Local Context in Autism Spectrum Disorder." Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 42, no. 2 (April 2, 2011): 244–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1237-6.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Local disorder'

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