Relevant bibliographies by topics / Local data association

Academic literature on the topic 'Local data association'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Local data association"

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Berglund, Svante, and Anders Karlstr�m. "Identifying local spatial association in flow data." Journal of Geographical Systems 1, no. 3 (October 1, 1999): 219–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101090050013.

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Boots, Barry. "Developing local measures of spatial association for categorical data." Journal of Geographical Systems 5, no. 2 (August 1, 2003): 139–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10109-003-0110-3.

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Tozetto, Alexandre Vinicius Bobato, Rodolfo Silva da Rosa, Felipe Goedert Mendes, Larissa Rafaela Galatti, Edison Roberto de Souza, Carine Collet, Bruno Monteiro de Moura, and Walan Robert da Silva. "Local de nascimento e data de nascimento de medalhistas olímpicos brasileiros." Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance 19, no. 3 (August 24, 2017): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2017v19n3p364.

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The aim of the present study was to analyze the association between birthplace and relative age with winning Olympic medals in Brazilian athletes. he sample consisted of 186 Olympic medalist athletes born in Brazil. Data analysis was performed through descriptive (incidence and percentage) and inferential statistics (Chi-Square to binary logistic regression). he association between population contingents and Olympic champions presented a signiicant result (p <0.05); however, no signiicant associations were found with relative age. It was concluded that most Olympic medalists were born in places that present better living conditions, with intermediate MHDI, which appears only in cities with more than 100 thousand habitants, and relative age is not an important criterion in winning medals among athletes investigated.
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Padilla, Washington, Jesús García, and José Molina. "Knowledge Extraction and Improved Data Fusion for Sales Prediction in Local Agricultural Markets." Sensors 19, no. 2 (January 12, 2019): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19020286.

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In this paper, a monitoring system of agricultural production is modeled as a Data Fusion System (data from local fairs and meteorological data). The proposal considers the particular information of sales in agricultural markets for knowledge extraction about the associations among them. This association knowledge is employed to improve predictions of sales using a spatial prediction technique, as shown with data collected from local markets of the Andean region of Ecuador. The commercial activity in these markets uses Alternative Marketing Circuits (CIALCO). This market platform establishes a direct relationship between producer and consumer prices and promotes direct commercial interaction among family groups. The problem is presented first as a general fusion problem with a network of spatially distributed heterogeneous data sources, and is then applied to the prediction of products sales based on association rules mined in available sales data. First, transactional data is used as the base to extract the best association rules between products sold in different local markets, knowledge that allows the system to gain a significant improvement in prediction accuracy in the spatial region considered.
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Padilla, Washington R., and Jesús García. "Data Association Methodology to Improve Spatial Predictions in Alternative Marketing Circuits in Ecuador." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2018 (November 5, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6587049.

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This work proposes a methodology that reduces the error of future estimations in commercialization based on multivariate spatial prediction techniques (cokriging) considering the products with strong associations. It is based on the Apriori algorithm to find association rules in sales of agricultural products of local markets. Results show the improvement in spatial prediction accuracy after using the best association rules.
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Li, Hua, and Shoudan Liang. "Local Network Topology in Human Protein Interaction Data Predicts Functional Association." PLoS ONE 4, no. 7 (July 29, 2009): e6410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0006410.

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M. Khedr, Ahmed, Zaher AL Aghbari, and Ibrahim Kamel. "Privacy Preserving Decomposable Mining Association Rules on Distributed Data." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.13 (July 27, 2018): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.13.16343.

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In distributed computing, data sharing is inevitable, however, moving local databases from one site to another should be avoided because of the computational overhead and privacy consideration. Most of the data mining algorithms are designed assuming that data repository is stored locally. This paper presents a scheme and algorithms for mining association rules in geographically distributed data. The proposed scheme preserves data privacy of the different geographical site by passing secure messages between them. The algorithms minimize the communication cost by exchanging statistical summaries of the local databases. We provide a privacy and security analysis that shows the privacy preserving aspects of the proposed algorithms. Moreover, the paper presents extensive simulation experiments to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed scheme.
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Ding, Z., T. Mailund, and Y. S. Song. "Efficient whole-genome association mapping using local phylogenies for unphased genotype data." Bioinformatics 24, no. 19 (July 30, 2008): 2215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btn406.

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T, Irma. "Organisasi Komputer Vesa(Video Electronics Standards Association) Local Bus." Al-Khwarizmi: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam 2, no. 1 (August 19, 2018): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24256/jpmipa.v2i1.104.

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Vesa (Video Electronics Standards Association) Local Bus merupakan jalur yang dibuat untuk menyesuaikan kecepatan mikroprosesor di dalam komputer. Vesa local bus dibuat oleh Video Electronics Standards Association yang banyak digunakan pada personal computers berbasis Intel 80486 CPU,Vesa local bus berdampingan dengan Isa Slot. Dalam artikel ini akan di tunjukkan bagaimana kemampuan transfer data, apakah bisa mencapai kecepatan maksimum 66 Mhz dengan lebar 64 bit. Dari kajian yang dilakukan terlihat bahwa kemampuan transfer data sebanyak 528 Mb/s dari clock speed 66 Mhz dan lebar bit 64 tidak dapat direalisasikan karena hanya dapat bekerja pada clock speed 33 Mhz dan lebar bit 32 hingga transfer data hanya 132 Mb/s.
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Ramkumar, Thirunavukarasu, Rengaramanujam Srinivasan, and Shanmugasundaram Hariharan. "Synthesizing Global Association Rules from Different Data Sources Based on Desired Interestingness Metrics." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 13, no. 03 (May 2014): 473–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622014500138.

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Since business houses are generally global, the required data for their corporate decisions are spread over multiple branches at different regions. In such circumstances, local pattern analysis-based global pattern discovery has become an efficient strategy for mining their multiple data sources. The traditional support-confidence framework alone is not enough for assessing the interestingness of synthesized global association rules. In this context, numerous interestingness measures have been developed in the past to meet various situations. Depending on the requirement, local branches and the central head may choose desired interestingness metric for evaluating local frequent-itemsets and global association rules, respectively. In this paper, we present a generalized synthesis procedure for synthesizing global association rules, based on any interestingness metric, from the mined local patterns forwarded by multiple data sources. We have also shown that the synthesized metric values are quite close to the targeted mono-mining results. Examples and experimental studies establish the validity of our proposal.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Local data association"

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Abbas, Aghababazadeh Farnoosh. "Estimating the Local False Discovery Rate via a Bootstrap Solution to the Reference Class Problem: Application to Genetic Association Data." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33367.

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Modern scientific technology such as microarrays, imaging devices, genome-wide association studies or social science surveys provide statisticians with hundreds or even thousands of tests to consider simultaneously. Testing many thousands of null hypotheses may increase the number of Type $I$ errors. In large-scale hypothesis testing, researchers can use different statistical techniques such as family-wise error rates, false discovery rates, permutation methods, local false discovery rate, where all available data usually should be analyzed together. In applications, the thousands of tests are related by a scientifically meaningful structure. Ignoring that structure can be misleading as it may increase the number of false positives and false negatives. As an example, in genome-wide association studies each test corresponds to a specific genetic marker. In such a case, the scientific structure for each genetic marker can be its minor allele frequency. In this research, the local false discovery rate as a relevant statistical approach is considered to analyze the thousands of tests together. We present a model for multiple hypothesis testing when the scientific structure of each test is incorporated as a co-variate. The purpose of this model is to incorporate the co-variate to improve the performance of testing procedures. The method we consider has different estimates depending on the tuning parameter. We would like to estimate the optimal value of that parameter by considering observed statistics. Thus, among those estimators, the one which minimizes the estimated errors due to bias and to variance is chosen by applying the bootstrap approach. Such an estimation method is called an adaptive reference class method. Under the combined reference class method, the effect of the co-variates is ignored and all null hypotheses should be analyzed together. In this research, under some assumptions for the co-variates and the prior probabilities, the proposed adaptive reference class method shows smaller error than the combined reference class method in estimating the local false discovery rate, when the number of tests gets large. We describe the adaptive reference class method to the coronary artery disease data, and we use simulation data to evaluate the performance of the estimator associated with the adaptive reference class method.
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Berglund, Svante. "GIS in Transport Modelling." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Infrastructure and Planning, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3257.

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Poole, Amy M. "AAAneurysm Outreach Screening Data and Emergency Healthcare Accessibility in Louisiana: Identifying High-Risk Populations for Targeted Interventions." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3115.

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Abdominal aortic aneurysms are the third leading cause of sudden death in men 60 years and over. AAAneurysm Outreach provides free screenings to residents of Louisiana and beyond. Service areas were calculated for each AAAneurysm Outreach screening event location and stroke center. Data provided by the 2010 U.S. Census, the American Community Survey, and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to describe demographics of the underserved populations and to identify high-risk areas for targeted interventions. Twenty-five percent of age-eligible Louisianans reside outside optimal drive-time-to-screening-event zones but within spatially clustered areas of increased prevalence rates. The maximum drive-time-to-treatment zones excluded 1,395 residents 65 years and over from timely access to emergency medical care. Results revealed limitations in the geographic breadth of the screening program and small disparities in accessibility to emergency healthcare.
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Segal, Aleksandr V. "Iterative Local Model Selection for tracking and mapping." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8690e0e0-33c5-403e-afdf-e5538e5d304f.

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The past decade has seen great progress in research on large scale mapping and perception in static environments. Real world perception requires handling uncertain situations with multiple possible interpretations: e.g. changing appearances, dynamic objects, and varying motion models. These aspects of perception have been largely avoided through the use of heuristics and preprocessing. This thesis is motivated by the challenge of including discrete reasoning directly into the estimation process. We approach the problem by using Conditional Linear Gaussian Networks (CLGNs) as a generalization of least-squares estimation which allows the inclusion of discrete model selection variables. CLGNs are a powerful framework for modeling sparse multi-modal inference problems, but are difficult to solve efficiently. We propose the Iterative Local Model Selection (ILMS) algorithm as a general approximation strategy specifically geared towards the large scale problems encountered in tracking and mapping. Chapter 4 introduces the ILMS algorithm and compares its performance to traditional approximate inference techniques for Switching Linear Dynamical Systems (SLDSs). These evaluations validate the characteristics of the algorithm which make it particularly attractive for applications in robot perception. Chief among these is reliability of convergence, consistent performance, and a reasonable trade off between accuracy and efficiency. In Chapter 5, we show how the data association problem in multi-target tracking can be formulated as an SLDS and effectively solved using ILMS. The SLDS formulation allows the addition of additional discrete variables which model outliers and clutter in the scene. Evaluations on standard pedestrian tracking sequences demonstrates performance competitive with the state of the art. Chapter 6 applies the ILMS algorithm to robust pose graph estimation. A non-linear CLGN is constructed by introducing outlier indicator variables for all loop closures. The standard Gauss-Newton optimization algorithm is modified to use ILMS as an inference algorithm in between linearizations. Experiments demonstrate a large improvement over state-of-the-art robust techniques. The ILMS strategy presented in this thesis is simple and general, but still works surprisingly well. We argue that these properties are encouraging for wider applicability to problems in robot perception.
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bickel, thomas. "Interactions polymères-membranes: une approche locale." Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002391.

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L'insertion d'objets polymériques dans les solutions de molécules tensioactives conduit à des changements importants des propriétés macroscopiques: modification des constantes élastiques, séparations de phases, augmentation ou diminution de la viscosité. En particulier, le problème de polymères greffés sur des membranes fluides est l'objet d'intenses recherches du fait de ces nombreuses applications industrielles. L'objectif de cette thèse est de mieux comprendre les couplages entre conformations de la surface et des macromolécules: quand un polymère est greffé sur une paroi repulsive, certaines configurations autorisées en volume ne sont plus réalisables. La reduction d'entropie du polymère engendre alors une pression non homogène sur la surface. Les calculs peuvent être menés analytiquement pour une chaîne Gaussienne et montrent que le polymère exerce une force sur une région de taille comparable à son rayon de giration. Le problème important du volume exclu est introduit en notant que la pression est proportionnelle à la concentration en monomères au voisinage de la paroi. Cet argument de loi d'échelle est confirmé par des simulations Monte-Carlo, l'effet du volume exclu étant uniquement d'augmenter la portée de la pression. La surface de greffage étant déformable, celle-ci adopte un profil determiné par l'équilibre entre la contrainte appliquée par le polymère et l'énergie de courbure de la membrane. La déformation est d'abord conique au voisinage du point d'ancrage, puis relaxe avec une forme qui dépend des conditions aux limites. Dans le cas où plusieurs chaînes sont greffées, le champ de courbure de la membrane induit alors un potentiel d'interaction entre polymères. Ce potentiel est attractif (resp. répulsif) pour deux polymères ancrés du même côté (resp. du côté opposé) de la membrane. La dernière partie de la thèse est consacrée à l'étude du spectre de fluctuations d'une bicouche décorée. Contrairement à ce qu'indiquent les approches de champ moyen, l'integration explicite de tous les degrés de liberté des macromolécules montre que le module de courbure effectif dépend du vecteur d'onde considéré. Finalement, ce résultat est appliqué au calcul de l'exposant de Caillé d'une phase lamellaire décorée.
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Daly, Marwa El. "Challenges and potentials of channeling local philanthropy towards development and aocial justice and the role of waqf (Islamic and Arab-civic endowments) in building community foundations." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16511.

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Diese Arbeit bietet eine solide theoretische Grundlage zu Philanthropie und religiös motivierten Spendenaktivitäten und deren Einfluss auf Wohltätigkeitstrends, Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und einer auf dem Gedanken der sozialen Gerechtigkeit beruhenden Philanthropie. Untersucht werden dafür die Strukturen religiös motivierte Spenden, für die in der islamischen Tradition die Begriffe „zakat“, „Waqf“ oder im Plural auch „awqaf-“ oder „Sadaqa“ verwendet werden, der christliche Begriff dafür lautet „tithes“ oder „ushour“. Aufbauend auf diesem theoretischen Rahmenwerk analysiert die qualitative und quantitative Feldstudie auf nationaler Ebene, wie die ägyptische Öffentlichkeit Philanthropie, soziale Gerechtigkeit, Menschenrechte, Spenden, Freiwilligenarbeit und andere Konzepte des zivilgesellschaftlichen Engagements wahrnimmt. Um eine umfassende und repräsentative Datengrundlage zu erhalten, wurden 2000 Haushalte, 200 zivilgesellschaftliche Organisationen erfasst, sowie Spender, Empfänger, religiöse Wohltäter und andere Akteure interviewt. Die so gewonnen Erkenntnisse lassen aussagekräftige Aufschlüsse über philanthropische Trends zu. Erstmals wird so auch eine finanzielle Einschätzung und Bewertung der Aktivitäten im lokalen Wohltätigkeitsbereich möglich, die sich auf mehr als eine Billion US-Dollar beziffern lassen. Die Erhebung weist nach, dass gemessen an den Pro-Kopf-Aufwendungen die privaten Spendenaktivitäten weitaus wichtiger sind als auswärtige wirtschaftliche Hilfe für Ägypten. Das wiederum lässt Rückschlüsse zu, welche Bedeutung lokale Wohltätigkeit erlangen kann, wenn sie richtig gesteuert wird und nicht wie bislang oft im Teufelskreis von ad-hoc-Spenden oder Hilfen von Privatperson an Privatperson gefangen ist. Die Studie stellt außerdem eine Verbindung her zwischen lokalen Wohltätigkeits-Mechanismen, die meist auf religiösen und kulturellen Werten beruhen, und modernen Strukturen, wie etwa Gemeinde-Stiftungen oder Gemeinde-„waqf“, innerhalb derer die Spenden eine nachhaltige Veränderung bewirken können. Daher bietet diese Arbeit also eine umfassende wissenschaftliche Grundlage, die nicht nur ein besseres Verständnis, sondern auch den nachhaltiger Aus- und Aufbau lokaler Wohltätigkeitsstrukturen in Ägypten ermöglicht. Zentral ist dabei vor allem die Rolle lokaler, individueller Spenden, die beispielsweise für Stiftungen auf der Gemeindeebene eingesetzt, wesentlich zu einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung beitragen könnten – und das nicht nur in Ägypten, sondern in der gesamten arabischen Region. Als konkretes Ergebnis dieser Arbeit, wurde ein innovatives Modell entwickelt, dass neben den wissenschaftlichen Daten das Konzept der „waqf“ berücksichtigt. Der Wissenschaftlerin und einem engagierten Vorstand ist es auf dieser Grundlage gelungen, die Waqfeyat al Maadi Community Foundation (WMCF) zu gründen, die nicht nur ein Modell für eine Bürgerstiftung ist, sondern auch das tradierte Konzept der „waqf“ als praktikable und verbürgte Wohlstätigkeitsstruktur sinnvoll weiterentwickelt.
This work provides a solid theoretical base on philanthropy, religious giving (Islamic zakat, ‘ushour, Waqf -plural: awqaf-, Sadaqa and Christian tithes or ‘ushour), and their implications on giving trends, development work, social justice philanthropy. The field study (quantitative and qualitative) that supports the theoretical framework reflects at a national level the Egyptian public’s perceptions on philanthropy, social justice, human rights, giving and volunteering and other concepts that determine the peoples’ civic engagement. The statistics cover 2000 households, 200 Civil Society Organizations distributed all over Egypt and interviews donors, recipients, religious people and other stakeholders. The numbers reflect philanthropic trends and for the first time provide a monetary estimate of local philanthropy of over USD 1 Billion annually. The survey proves that the per capita share of philanthropy outweighs the per capita share of foreign economic assistance to Egypt, which implies the significance of local giving if properly channeled, and not as it is actually consumed in the vicious circle of ad-hoc, person to person charity. In addition, the study relates local giving mechanisms derived from religion and culture to modern actual structures, like community foundations or community waqf that could bring about sustainable change in the communities. In sum, the work provides a comprehensive scientific base to help understand- and build on local philanthropy in Egypt. It explores the role that local individual giving could play in achieving sustainable development and building a new wave of community foundations not only in Egypt but in the Arab region at large. As a tangible result of this thesis, an innovative model that revives the concept of waqf and builds on the study’s results was created by the researcher and a dedicated board of trustees who succeeded in establishing Waqfeyat al Maadi Community Foundation (WMCF) that not only introduces the community foundation model to Egypt, but revives and modernizes the waqf as a practical authentic philanthropic structure.
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Bumpus, Susan Jane. "Analysing and visualising areal crime data. A case study of residential burglary in San Francisco, USA." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8316.

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Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies.
Methods to visualise and analyse areal social data are limited. A traditional approach is Choropleth mapping. However, the rates on which these maps are based can be unreliable in sparsely populated areas, and there may be visual bias when areas are irregularly sized. Another common method is to perform point interpolation at the centroids of the areas. This approach may only be valid when areas are regularly shaped and small. This thesis explores how Area-to-Area and Area-to-Point kriging can be applied to analysing and visualising residential burglary rates in San Francisco, United States. Results are compared to the traditional methods used to analyse areal data. Additionally, the study investigates burglary hotspots and the relationship between socio-economic variables and burglary in the study area by conducting spatial and non-spatial regression analyses. The study concludes that Area-to-Area and Area-to-Point Poisson kriging methods may improve on existing approaches to interpolating areal crime data. The visualisation of areal data is improved through the smoothing of rates based on small denominators, and visual bias may be decreased by using Area-to-Point kriging. Using the kriging estimates of these techniques as inputs into hotspot and regression analyses provides a useful way in which to explore relationships at different scales. However, caution should be exercised when utilising these methods due to their limitations.
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DI, FINA DARIO. "Multi-Target Tracking and Facial Attribute Estimation in Smart Environments." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1029030.

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This dissertation presents a study on three different computer vision topics that have applications to smart environments. We first propose a solution to improve multi-target data association based on l1-regularized sparse basis expansions. The method aims to improve the data association process by addressing problems like occlusion and change of appearance. Experimental results show that, for the pure data association problem, our proposed approach achieves state-of-the-art results on standard benchmark datasets. Next, we extend our new data association approach with a novel technique based on a weighted version of sparse reconstruction that enforces long-term consistency in multi-target tracking. We introduce a two-phase approach that first performs local data association, and then periodically uses accumulated usage statistics in order to merge tracklets and enforce long-term, global consistency in tracks. The result is a complete, end-to-end tracking system that is able to reduce tracklet fragmentation and ID switches, and to improve the overall quality of tracking. Finally, we propose a method to jointly estimate face characteristics such as Gender, Age, Ethnicity and head pose. We develop a random forest based method based around a new splitting criterion for multi-objective estimation. Our system achieves results comparable to the state-of-the-art, and has the additional advantage of simultaneously estimating multiple facial characteristics using a single pool of image features rather than characteristic-specific ones.
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Books on the topic "Local data association"

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Mauceri, Vince C. APC, automatic passenger counting system: The Hamilton Street Railway Technology Fair, Canadian Urban Transit Association Fall Meeting, November 6th-10, 1988, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. [Hamilton]: Hamilton Street Railway Co., 1988.

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Benini, Aldo Albert. Is empowerment efficient?: A data envelopment analysis of 260 local associations in Bangladesh. Dhaka: RDRS Bangladesh, 2009.

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Benini, Aldo Albert. Is empowerment efficient?: A data envelopment analysis of 260 local associations in Bangladesh. Dhaka: RDRS Bangladesh, 2009.

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COCOBOD Conference for Promotion of Local Consumption of Cocoa Products (1st 2005 Legon, Ghana). 1st COCOBOD Conference for Promotion of Local Consumption of Cocoa Products and 24th Biennial Conference of the Ghana Science Association: Theme, Maximizing the benefits of the Cocoa tree : venue, Erata hotel, East Legon, and Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, (GIMPA), Legon, date, Monday, 1st, Thursday, 4th August 2005 : programme and book of abstracts. [Legon, Ghana]: Ghana Science Association, 2005.

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Long Range Information Technology Plans Strategies for the Future: Strategies for the Future (Special Report (International City/County Management Association).). Intl City County Management Assn, 1998.

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Is empowerment efficient: A data envelopment analysis of 260 local associations in Bangladesh. Dhaka: RDRS Bangladesh, 2009.

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Serdiuk, Oleksii, Konstantin Bugaychuk, Iryna Shcherbakova, Natalia Bobro, Irina Kuzina, Ihor Danylenko, Anna Markovska, and Valerii Sokurenko. Безпека та довіра 2021 : за результатами досліджень 2013–2021 років, проведених у Харківській області. Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/sf2021.

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The results of public opinion survey of Kharkiv region residents on public safety and trust in law enforcement conducted by Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs (Research Lab on Crime Enforcement) together with the Sociological Association of Ukraine, Kharkiv Regional State Administration and the Main Directorate of the National Police are presented. in the Kharkiv region in 2013–2021. The key indicators of the efficiency of law enforcement agencies of Kharkiv region and the problems of law enforcement activities at the local level from the public point of view are analyzed, the expectations of local residents from law enforcement agencies are determined, the problems of interaction with the police are considered. The publication contains empirical data and practical recommendations designed to implement specific tasks in the work of the police and other law enforcement agencies for the needs of the local community.
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Castaldelli-Maia, João Mauricio, Antonio Ventriglio, and Dinesh Bhugra, eds. Homelessness and Mental Health. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198842668.001.0001.

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There is considerable research evidence indicating that rates of psychiatric disorders are higher in homeless individuals, although in some cases, psychiatric illness itself may lead to homelessness if no safety net is available. These rates of psychiatric disorders across nations, be they high-income countries or low- and middle-income countries, are broadly similar. Homelessness and psychiatric disorders are both strongly affected by various social determinants and may feed into each other. Exploring these issues across the globe, this volume aims to provide up-to-date research and policy evidence from across different countries and cultures. The bidirectional relationship between homelessness and mental ill health is still far from being completely understood, but the impact of social and psychological factors is of interest. In addition, the result of transgenerational factors on people’s mental health is crucial. The devastating and well-proven association between homelessness and mental illness needs to be approached at all levels of governmental policy in each country with policy changes as needed. There needs to be a joined-up approach across departments. Every nation needs to develop optimal models of social care and rehabilitation that build on the particular local research-driven needs of homeless people with mental illnesses. This volume aims to provide a more cultural and international overview with contributors and experts from across continents.
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Book chapters on the topic "Local data association"

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Albertella, A., and F. Sacerdote. "Local Geoid Accuracies from Different Kinds of Data." In International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 362–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79824-5_44.

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Kern, M. "A Comparison of Data Weighting Methods for the Combination of Satellite and Local Gravity Data." In International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 137–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10735-5_19.

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Mazarbhuiya, Fokrul Alom, Muhammad Abulaish, Anjana Kakoti Mahanta, and Tanvir Ahmad. "Mining Local Association Rules from Temporal Data Set." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 255–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11164-8_41.

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Bendich, Paul, Ellen Gasparovic, John Harer, and Christopher J. Tralie. "Scaffoldings and Spines: Organizing High-Dimensional Data Using Cover Trees, Local Principal Component Analysis, and Persistent Homology." In Association for Women in Mathematics Series, 93–114. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89593-2_6.

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Forsberg, Rene, and Tim Jensen. "New Geoid of Greenland: A Case Study of Terrain and Ice Effects, GOCE and Use of Local Sea Level Data." In International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 153–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1345_2015_50.

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Tocho, C., and G. S. Vergos. "Estimation of the Geopotential Value W0 for the Local Vertical Datum of Argentina Using EGM2008 and GPS/Levelling Data W 0 LVD." In International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 271–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1345_2015_32.

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Ramkumar, T., S. Selvamuthukumaran, S. Hariharan, and V. Harikrishnan. "Mining Negative Association Rules from Multiple Data Sources on the Basis of Local Pattern Analysis." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 841–46. New Delhi: Springer India, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-0740-5_100.

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Eikenberry, Angela M. "Schools of Democracy? Giving Circles and the Civic and Political Participation of Collaborative Philanthropists." In Knowledge and Civil Society, 109–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71147-4_6.

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AbstractSocial transformations around the world have increased the need for philanthropy and motivated people to become more active at the local level. Giving circles have emerged from this context, providing a hands-on, “do-it-yourself” approach to philanthropy. They involve individuals collaborating to support causes of mutual interest and frequently include social, educational, and engagement opportunities for members. In this research, I focus on understanding if participation in these new forms of philanthropic voluntary association lead to greater civic and political participation. That is, do giving circles serve as schools of democracy? I draw on survey data from current and past members of giving circles and donors outside these circles, as well as interviews with giving circle members, in the U.S. and U.K. The findings suggest that giving circles have a positive impact on giving, volunteering, and efforts to address problems in the community, but little effect on participation in changing government policy or other political activities.
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Shimada, Kaoru, and Takashi Hanioka. "An Evolutionary Method for Associative Local Distribution Rule Mining." In Advances in Data Mining. Applications and Theoretical Aspects, 239–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39736-3_19.

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Theobald, Maryanne, Gillian Busch, Ilana Mushin, Lyndal O’Gorman, Cathy Nielson, Janet Watts, and Susan Danby. "Making Culture Visible: Telling Small Stories in Busy Classrooms." In Storytelling Practices in Home and Educational Contexts, 123–48. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9955-9_8.

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AbstractClassrooms are busy institutional settings in which conversational agendas are typically ordered by teachers due to the focus on curriculum content. Opportunities for extended storytelling, outside of focussed literacy times, may occur infrequently. This chapter investigates how children engage with each other and with curriculum concepts referred to as “culture”, through telling stories. The data are video recordings of young children (aged 4–5 years) telling stories during their everyday classroom activities. The data are drawn from a study on what intercultural competence “looks like” in the everyday interactions of preschool classrooms in inner-city Queensland, Australia. An ethnomethodological approach using conversation analysis highlights three fragments where children tell something about themselves. As they tell stories about aspects of their lives outside the classroom, children make their “culture” visible to other children and co-construct a local peer culture. The implications of the study’s findings point to how classrooms can be conversational spaces where children practise and build culture in action. The children share aspects of their everyday lives that are sometimes tangentially aligned with curriculum, but always available as a resource for making cultural connections. The children themselves do not name these activities as culture, but their association to what is known about how culture is defined, shows that they are orienting to these aspects.
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Conference papers on the topic "Local data association"

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Olaru, Andrei, Claudia Marinica, and Fabrice Guillet. "Local mining of Association Rules with Rule Schemas." In 2009 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Data Mining (CIDM). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cidm.2009.4938638.

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Qian, Zhengming, Xun Lu, Mingli Liu, and Yanping Yu. "Data mining based on local Association Network: The simulation and test on inventory data." In 2010 Sixth International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnc.2010.5584750.

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Lee, Kyungmin, and Vladimir Shin. "Distributed fusion of local probability data association filters in multi-sensor environment." In 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Robotics and Automation - (CIRA 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cira.2009.5423236.

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Wang, Yin-Tien, and Ying-Chieh Feng. "Data association and map management for robot SLAM using local invariant features." In 2013 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icma.2013.6618068.

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Yu, Qian, and Gerard Medioni. "Map-Enhanced Detection and Tracking from a Moving Platform with Local and Global Data Association." In 2007 IEEE Workshop on Motion and Video Computing. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wmvc.2007.23.

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Zhang, Xuewu, Yunyan Du, Fenzhen Su, and Wei Wen. "Specialization of China large-scale exchange market based on constrained co-local spatial association rule." In Geoinformatics 2008 and Joint Conference on GIS and Built environment: Advanced Spatial Data Models and Analyses, edited by Lin Liu, Xia Li, Kai Liu, and Xinchang Zhang. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.813143.

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He, Zhanjun, Qiliang Liu, Min Deng, and Feng Xu. "Handling multiple testing in local statistics of spatial association by controlling the False Discovery Rate: A comparative analysis." In 2017 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Big Data Analysis (ICBDA). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbda.2017.8078722.

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Wang, Jin, Kejie Lu, Jianping Wang, and Chunming Qiao. "Optimal local data exchange in fiber-wireless access network: A joint network coding and device association design." In IEEE INFOCOM 2016 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/infocom.2016.7524477.

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Khan, Nawaz, Ham Long, Shahedur Rahman, and Tony Stockman. "From Local Laboratory Data to Public Domain Database in Search of Indirect Association of Diseases: AJAX Based Gene Data Search Engine." In Twentieth IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cbms.2007.51.

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Yoon, DoHyun Daniel, G. G. Md Nawaz Ali, and Beshah Ayalew. "Data Association and Fusion Framework for Decentralized Multi-Vehicle Cooperative Perception." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98001.

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Abstract Vehicular communication technology (V2V, V2I, V2X, etc.) allows participating vehicles to actively exchange information about their surrounding traffic. By sharing the local field of view (FoV) perception along with their own instantaneous states, communicating vehicles can cooperatively broaden and improve their perceptions of the overall traffic which allows more effective maneuver planning and vehicle energy management. This paper outlines a framework for decentralized multi-vehicle cooperative perception where each vehicle broadcasts its perception information and also acts as an individual fusing node for the received data. The Bhattacharyya distance filter (BDF) is applied for the data association process, identifying and grouping a set of estimates potentially representing the same vehicle. The associated estimates are then passed down to a covariance intersection-based fusion scheme that yields a single fused state estimate and covariance matrix for each vehicle. A metric is adopted to assess the performance of the cooperative perception scheme. The workings of the proposed framework and its potential advantages over other solutions is illustrated via simulations of connected vehicles in highway traffic scenarios with different vehicle densities.
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Reports on the topic "Local data association"

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Loebenstein, Gad, William Dawson, and Abed Gera. Association of the IVR Gene with Virus Localization and Resistance. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604922.bard.

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We have reported that localization of TMV in tobacco cultivars with the N gene, is associated with a 23 K protein (IVR) that inhibited replication of several plant viruses. This protein was also found in induced resistant tissue of Nicotiana glutinosa x Nicotiana debneyi. During the present grant we found that TMV production is enhanced in protoplasts and plants of local lesion responding tobacco cultivars exposed to 35oC, parallel to an almost complete suppression of the production of IVR. We also found that IVR is associated with resistance mechanisms in pepper cultivars. We succeeded to clone the IVR gene. In the first attempt we isolated a clone - "101" which had a specific insert of 372 bp (the full length gene for the IVR protein of 23 kD should be around 700 bp). However, attempts to isolate the full length gene did not give clear cut results, and we decided not to continue with this clone. The amino acid sequence of the N-terminus of IVR was determined and an antiserum was prepared against a synthetic peptide representing amino acids residues 1-20 of IVR. Using this antiserum as well as our polyclonal antiserum to IVR a new clone NC-330 was isolated using lamba-ZAP library. This NC-330 clone has an insert of about 1 kB with an open reading frame of 596 bp. This clone had 86.6% homology with the first 15 amino acids of the N-terminal part of IVR and 61.6% homology with the first 23 amino acids of IVR. In the QIA expression system and western blotting of the expressed protein, a clear band of about 21 kD was obtained with IVR antiserum. This clone was used for transformation of Samsun tobacco plants and we have presently plantlets which were rooted on medium containing kanamycin. Hybridization with this clone was also obtained with RNA from induced resistant tissue of Samsun NN but not with RNA from healthy control tissue of Samsun NN, or infected or healthy tissue of Samsun. This further strengthens the previous data that the NC 330 clone codes for IVR. In the U.S. it was shown that IVR is induced in plants containing the N' gene when infected with mutants of TMV that elicit the HR. This is a defined system in which the elicitor is known to be due to permutations of the coat protein which can vary in elicitor strength. The objective was to understand how IVR synthesis is induced after recognition of elicitor coat protein in the signal transduction pathway that leads to HR. We developed systems to manipulate induction of IVR by modifying the elicitor and are using these elicitor molecules to isolate the corresponding plant receptor molecules. A "far-western" procedure was developed that found a protein from N' plants that specifically bind to elicitor coat proteins. This protein is being purified and sequenced. This objective has not been completed and is still in progress. We have reported that localization of TMV in tobacco cultivars with the N gene, is associated with a 23 K protein (IVR) that inhibited replication of several plant viruses. This protein was also found in induced resistant tissue of Nicotiana glutinosa x Nicotiana debneyi.
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Chen, Z., S. E. Grasby, C. Deblonde, and X. Liu. AI-enabled remote sensing data interpretation for geothermal resource evaluation as applied to the Mount Meager geothermal prospective area. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330008.

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The objective of this study is to search for features and indicators from the identified geothermal resource sweet spot in the south Mount Meager area that are applicable to other volcanic complexes in the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt. A Landsat 8 multi-spectral band dataset, for a total of 57 images ranging from visible through infrared to thermal infrared frequency channels and covering different years and seasons, were selected. Specific features that are indicative of high geothermal heat flux, fractured permeable zones, and groundwater circulation, the three key elements in exploring for geothermal resource, were extracted. The thermal infrared images from different seasons show occurrence of high temperature anomalies and their association with volcanic and intrusive bodies, and reveal the variation in location and intensity of the anomalies with time over four seasons, allowing inference of specific heat transform mechanisms. Automatically extracted linear features using AI/ML algorithms developed for computer vision from various frequency bands show various linear segment groups that are likely surface expression associated with local volcanic activities, regional deformation and slope failure. In conjunction with regional structural models and field observations, the anomalies and features from remotely sensed images were interpreted to provide new insights for improving our understanding of the Mount Meager geothermal system and its characteristics. After validation, the methods developed and indicators identified in this study can be applied to other volcanic complexes in the Garibaldi, or other volcanic belts for geothermal resource reconnaissance.
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Sela, Hanan, Eduard Akhunov, and Brian J. Steffenson. Population genomics, linkage disequilibrium and association mapping of stripe rust resistance genes in wild emmer wheat, Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598170.bard.

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The primary goals of this project were: (1) development of a genetically characterized association panel of wild emmer for high resolution analysis of the genetic basis of complex traits; (2) characterization and mapping of genes and QTL for seedling and adult plant resistance to stripe rust in wild emmer populations; (3) characterization of LD patterns along wild emmer chromosomes; (4) elucidation of the multi-locus genetic structure of wild emmer populations and its correlation with geo-climatic variables at the collection sites. Introduction In recent years, Stripe (yellow) rust (Yr) caused by Pucciniastriiformis f. sp. tritici(PST) has become a major threat to wheat crops in many parts of the world. New races have overcome most of the known resistances. It is essential, therefore, that the search for new genes will continue, followed by their mapping by molecular markers and introgression into the elite varieties by marker-assisted selection (MAS). The reservoir of genes for disease and pest resistance in wild emmer wheat (Triticumdicoccoides) is an important resource that must be made available to wheat breeders. The majority of resistance genes that were introgressed so far in cultivated wheat are resistance (R) genes. These genes, though confering near-immunity from the seedling stage, are often overcome by the pathogen in a short period after being deployed over vast production areas. On the other hand, adult-plant resistance (APR) is usually more durable since it is, in many cases, polygenic and confers partial resistance that may put less selective pressure on the pathogen. In this project, we have screened a collection of 480 wild emmer accessions originating from Israel for APR and seedling resistance to PST. Seedling resistance was tested against one Israeli and 3 North American PST isolates. APR was tested on accessions that did not have seedling resistance. The APR screen was conducted in two fields in Israel and in one field in the USA over 3 years for a total of 11 replicates. We have found about 20 accessions that have moderate stripe rust APR with infection type (IT<5), and about 20 additional accessions that have novel seedling resistance (IT<3). We have genotyped the collection using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) and the 90K SNP chip array. GBS yielded a total 341K SNP that were filtered to 150K informative SNP. The 90K assay resulted in 11K informative SNP. We have conducted a genome-wide association scan (GWAS) and found one significant locus on 6BL ( -log p >5). Two novel loci were found for seedling resistance. Further investigation of the 6BL locus and the effect of Yr36 showed that the 6BL locus and the Yr36 have additive effect and that the presence of favorable alleles of both loci results in reduction of 2 grades in the IT score. To identify alleles conferring adaption to extreme climatic conditions, we have associated the patterns of genomic variation in wild emmer with historic climate data from the accessions’ collection sites. The analysis of population stratification revealed four genetically distinct groups of wild emmer accessions coinciding with their geographic distribution. Partitioning of genomic variance showed that geographic location and climate together explain 43% of SNPs among emmer accessions with 19% of SNPs affected by climatic factors. The top three bioclimatic factors driving SNP distribution were temperature seasonality, precipitation seasonality, and isothermality. Association mapping approaches revealed 57 SNPs associated with these bio-climatic variables. Out of 21 unique genomic regions controlling heading date variation, 10 (~50%) overlapped with SNPs showing significant association with at least one of the three bioclimatic variables. This result suggests that a substantial part of the genomic variation associated with local adaptation in wild emmer is driven by selection acting on loci regulating flowering. Conclusions: Wild emmer can serve as a good source for novel APR and seedling R genes for stripe rust resistance. APR for stripe rust is a complex trait conferred by several loci that may have an additive effect. GWAS is feasible in the wild emmer population, however, its detection power is limited. A panel of wild emmer tagged with more than 150K SNP is available for further GWAS of important traits. The insights gained by the bioclimatic-gentic associations should be taken into consideration when planning conservation strategies.
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Epel, Bernard L., Roger N. Beachy, A. Katz, G. Kotlinzky, M. Erlanger, A. Yahalom, M. Erlanger, and J. Szecsi. Isolation and Characterization of Plasmodesmata Components by Association with Tobacco Mosaic Virus Movement Proteins Fused with the Green Fluorescent Protein from Aequorea victoria. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7573996.bard.

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The coordination and regulation of growth and development in multicellular organisms is dependent, in part, on the controlled short and long-distance transport of signaling molecule: In plants, symplastic communication is provided by trans-wall co-axial membranous tunnels termed plasmodesmata (Pd). Plant viruses spread cell-to-cell by altering Pd. This movement scenario necessitates a targeting mechanism that delivers the virus to a Pd and a transport mechanism to move the virion or viral nucleic acid through the Pd channel. The identity of host proteins with which MP interacts, the mechanism of the targeting of the MP to the Pd and biochemical information on how Pd are alter are questions which have been dealt with during this BARD project. The research objectives of the two labs were to continue their biochemical, cellular and molecular studies of Pd composition and function by employing infectious modified clones of TMV in which MP is fused with GFP. We examined Pd composition, and studied the intra- and intercellular targeting mechanism of MP during the infection cycle. Most of the goals we set for ourselves were met. The Israeli PI and collaborators (Oparka et al., 1999) demonstrated that Pd permeability is under developmental control, that Pd in sink tissues indiscriminately traffic proteins of sizes of up to 50 kDa and that during the sink to source transition there is a substantial decrease in Pd permeability. It was shown that companion cells in source phloem tissue export proteins which traffic in phloem and which unload in sink tissue and move cell to cell. The TAU group employing MP:GFP as a fluorescence probe for optimized the procedure for Pd isolation. At least two proteins kinases found to be associated with Pd isolated from source leaves of N. benthamiana, one being a calcium dependent protein kinase. A number of proteins were microsequenced and identified. Polyclonal antibodies were generated against proteins in a purified Pd fraction. A T-7 phage display library was created and used to "biopan" for Pd genes using these antibodies. Selected isolates are being sequenced. The TAU group also examined whether the subcellular targeting of MP:GFP was dependent on processes that occurred only in the presence of the virus or whether targeting was a property indigenous to MP. Mutant non-functional movement proteins were also employed to study partial reactions. Subcellular targeting and movement were shown to be properties indigenous to MP and that these processes do not require other viral elements. The data also suggest post-translational modification of MP is required before the MP can move cell to cell. The USA group monitored the development of the infection and local movement of TMV in N. benthamiana, using viral constructs expressing GFP either fused to the MP of TMV or expressing GFP as a free protein. The fusion protein and/or the free GFP were expressed from either the movement protein subgenomic promoter or from the subgenomic promoter of the coat protein. Observations supported the hypothesis that expression from the cp sgp is regulated differently than expression from the mp sgp (Szecsi et al., 1999). Using immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy, it was determined that paired wall-appressed bodies behind the leading edge of the fluorescent ring induced by TMV-(mp)-MP:GFP contain MP:GFP and the viral replicase. These data suggest that viral spread may be a consequence of the replication process. Observation point out that expression of proteins from the mp sgp is temporary regulated, and degradation of the proteins occurs rapidly or more slowly, depending on protein stability. It is suggested that the MP contains an external degradation signal that contributes to rapid degradation of the protein even if expressed from the constitutive cp sgp. Experiments conducted to determine whether the degradation of GFP and MP:GFP was regulated at the protein or RNA level, indicated that regulation was at the protein level. RNA accumulation in infected protoplast was not always in correlation with protein accumulation, indicating that other mechanisms together with RNA production determine the final intensity and stability of the fluorescent proteins.
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Kwon, Jaymin, Yushin Ahn, and Steve Chung. Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Roadside Transportation-Related Air Quality (StarTraq 2021): A Characterization of Bike Trails and Highways in the Fresno/Clovis Area. Mineta Transportation Institute, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2128.

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The San Joaquin Valley is identified as an area with a high level of particulate matter (PM) in the air, reaching above the federal and state clean air standards (EPA 2019). Many of the cities in the valley are classified as the most polluted cities in the United States for both particulate matter and ozone pollution (American Lung Association, 2021). To resolve this issue, alternative forms of transportation have been considered in transportation planning. In this study, active transportation mode air quality was monitored on selected Woodward Park and Old Clovis trails and urban bike lanes. Real-time aerosol monitors, and low-cost sensors were carried in a backpack on bicycles during the sampling. Researchers collected GPS data via a portable GPS technology called Tracksticks. Driving transportation mode air quality data was acquired from the roadways within the Fresno/Clovis area, spanning six sampling routes, and during intercity trips between Fresno, Berkeley, and Los Angeles, for a total of five sampling routes. ‘On-Road' (outside vehicle) monitors were installed on the roof of a vehicle while ‘In-Vehicle’ monitors were installed inside the vehicle for comparison with the particulate pollution levels in the two contrasting microenvironments. The results showed the following three main outcomes: (1) clear relationships exist among PMs of different sizes; (2) there were greater variations in air quality of bike trails and On-Road samples than backyard and In-Vehicle samples; (3) we observed significant differences in air quality inside and outside the vehicle while driving local and intercity roadways; and (4) the road trip to the Bay area revealed that San Joaquin Valley has increased ambient PM2.5 and black carbon (BC) levels compared to those in the Bay Area on every trip, regardless of the daily change of the air quality.
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Colomb, Claire, and Tatiana Moreira de Souza. Regulating Short-Term Rentals: Platform-based property rentals in European cities: the policy debates. Property Research Trust, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52915/kkkd3578.

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Short-term rentals mediated by digital platforms have positive and negative impacts that are unevenly distributed among socio-economic groups and places. Detrimental impacts on the housing market and quality of life of long-term residents have been particular contentious in some cities. • In the 12 cities studied in the report (Amsterdam, Barcelona, Berlin, Brussels, Lisbon, London, Madrid, Milan, Paris, Prague, Rome and Vienna), city governments have responded differently to the growth of short-term rentals. • The emerging local regulations of short-term rentals take multiple forms and exhibit various degrees of stringency, ranging from rare cases of laissez-faire to a few cases of partial prohibition or strict quantitative control. Most city governments have sought to find a middle-ground approach that differentiates between the professional rental of whole units and the occasional rental of one’s home/ primary residence. • The regulation of short-term rentals is contentious and highly politicised. Six broad categories of interest groups and non-state actors actively participate in the debates with contrasting positions: advocates of the ‘sharing’ or ‘collaborative’ economy; corporate platforms; professional organisatons of short-term rental operators; new associations of hosts or ‘home-sharers’; the hotel and hospitality industry; and residents’ associations/citizens’ movements. • All city governments face difficulties in implementing and enforcing the regulations, due to a lack of sufficient resources and to the absence of accurate and comprehensive data on individual hosts. That data is held by corporate platforms, which have generally not accepted to release it (with a few exceptions) nor to monitor the content of their listings against local rules. • The relationships between platforms and city governments have oscillated between collaboration and conflict. Effective implementation is impossible without the cooperation of platforms. • In the context of the European Union, the debate has taken a supranational dimension, as two pieces of EU law frame the possibility — and acceptable forms — of regulation of online platforms and of short-term rentals in EU member states: the 2000 E-Commerce Directive and the 2006 Services Directive. • For regulation to be effective, the EU legal framework should be revised to ensure platform account- ability and data disclosure. This would allow city (and other ti ers of) governments to effectively enforce the regulations that they deem appropriate. • Besides, national and regional governments, who often control the legislative framework that defines particular types of short-term rentals, need to give local governments the necessary tools to be able to exercise their ‘right to regulate’ in the name of public interest objectives.
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Gurung, M. B., Uma Pratap, N. C. T. D. Shrestha, H. K. Sharma, N. Islam, and N. B. Tamang. Beekeeping Training for Farmers in Afghanistan: Resource Manual for Trainers [in Urdu]. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.564.

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Beekeeping contributes to rural development by supporting agricultural production through pollination and by providing honey, wax, and other products for home use and sale. It offers a good way for resource-poor farmers in the Hindu Kush Himalayas to obtain income, as it requires only a small start-up investment, can be carried out in a small space close to the home, and generally yields profits within a year of operation. A modern approach to bee management, using frame hives and focusing on high quality, will help farmers benefit most fully from beekeeping. This manual is designed to help provide beekeepers with the up-to-date training they need. It presents an inclusive curriculum developed through ICIMOD’s work with partner organizations in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, and Nepal, supported by the Austrian Development Agency. A wide range of stakeholders – trainers, trainees, government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), associations and federations, and private entrepreneurs – were engaged in the identification of curriculum needs and in development and testing of the curriculum. The manual covers the full range of beekeeping-related topics, including the use of bees for crop pollination; production of honey, wax and other hive products; honey quality standards; and using value chain and market management to increase beekeepers’ benefits. It also includes emerging issues and innovations regarding such subjects as indigenous honeybees, gender and equity, integrated pest management, and bee-related policy. The focus is on participatory hands-on training, with clear explanations in simple language and many illustrations. The manual provides a basic resource for trainers and field extension workers in government and NGOs, universities, vocational training institutes, and private sector organizations, and for local trainers in beekeeping groups, beekeeping resource centres, cooperatives, and associations, for use in training Himalayan farmers. Individual ICIMOD regional member countries are planning local language editions adapted for their countries’ specific conditions.
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Bourrier, Mathilde, Michael Deml, and Farnaz Mahdavian. Comparative report of the COVID-19 Pandemic Responses in Norway, Sweden, Germany, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. University of Stavanger, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.254.

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The purpose of this report is to compare the risk communication strategies and public health mitigation measures implemented by Germany, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom (UK) in 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic based on publicly available documents. The report compares the country responses both in relation to one another and to the recommendations and guidance of the World Health Organization where available. The comparative report is an output of Work Package 1 from the research project PAN-FIGHT (Fighting pandemics with enhanced risk communication: Messages, compliance and vulnerability during the COVID-19 outbreak), which is financially supported by the Norwegian Research Council's extraordinary programme for corona research. PAN-FIGHT adopts a comparative approach which follows a “most different systems” variation as a logic of comparison guiding the research (Przeworski & Teune, 1970). The countries in this study include two EU member States (Sweden, Germany), one which was engaged in an exit process from the EU membership (the UK), and two non-European Union states, but both members of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA): Norway and Switzerland. Furthermore, Germany and Switzerland govern by the Continental European Federal administrative model, with a relatively weak central bureaucracy and strong subnational, decentralised institutions. Norway and Sweden adhere to the Scandinavian model—a unitary but fairly decentralised system with power bestowed to the local authorities. The United Kingdom applies the Anglo-Saxon model, characterized by New Public Management (NPM) and decentralised managerial practices (Einhorn & Logue, 2003; Kuhlmann & Wollmann, 2014; Petridou et al., 2019). In total, PAN-FIGHT is comprised of 5 Work Packages (WPs), which are research-, recommendation-, and practice-oriented. The WPs seek to respond to the following research questions and accomplish the following: WP1: What are the characteristics of governmental and public health authorities’ risk communication strategies in five European countries, both in comparison to each other and in relation to the official strategies proposed by WHO? WP2: To what extent and how does the general public’s understanding, induced by national risk communication, vary across five countries, in relation to factors such as social capital, age, gender, socio-economic status and household composition? WP3: Based on data generated in WP1 and WP2, what is the significance of being male or female in terms of individual susceptibility to risk communication and subsequent vulnerability during the COVID-19 outbreak? WP4: Based on insight and knowledge generated in WPs 1 and 2, what recommendations can we offer national and local governments and health institutions on enhancing their risk communication strategies to curb pandemic outbreaks? WP5: Enhance health risk communication strategies across five European countries based upon the knowledge and recommendations generated by WPs 1-4. Pre-pandemic preparedness characteristics All five countries had pandemic plans developed prior to 2020, which generally were specific to influenza pandemics but not to coronaviruses. All plans had been updated following the H1N1 pandemic (2009-2010). During the SARS (2003) and MERS (2012) outbreaks, both of which are coronaviruses, all five countries experienced few cases, with notably smaller impacts than the H1N1 epidemic (2009-2010). The UK had conducted several exercises (Exercise Cygnet in 2016, Exercise Cygnus in 2016, and Exercise Iris in 2018) to check their preparedness plans; the reports from these exercises concluded that there were gaps in preparedness for epidemic outbreaks. Germany also simulated an influenza pandemic exercise in 2007 called LÜKEX 07, to train cross-state and cross-department crisis management (Bundesanstalt Technisches Hilfswerk, 2007). In 2017 within the context of the G20, Germany ran a health emergency simulation exercise with WHO and World Bank representatives to prepare for potential future pandemics (Federal Ministry of Health et al., 2017). Prior to COVID-19, only the UK had expert groups, notably the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE), that was tasked with providing advice during emergencies. It had been used in previous emergency events (not exclusively limited to health). In contrast, none of the other countries had a similar expert advisory group in place prior to the pandemic. COVID-19 waves in 2020 All five countries experienced two waves of infection in 2020. The first wave occurred during the first half of the year and peaked after March 2020. The second wave arrived during the final quarter. Norway consistently had the lowest number of SARS-CoV-2 infections per million. Germany’s counts were neither the lowest nor the highest. Sweden, Switzerland and the UK alternated in having the highest numbers per million throughout 2020. Implementation of measures to control the spread of infection In Germany, Switzerland and the UK, health policy is the responsibility of regional states, (Länders, cantons and nations, respectively). However, there was a strong initial centralized response in all five countries to mitigate the spread of infection. Later on, country responses varied in the degree to which they were centralized or decentralized. Risk communication In all countries, a large variety of communication channels were used (press briefings, websites, social media, interviews). Digital communication channels were used extensively. Artificial intelligence was used, for example chatbots and decision support systems. Dashboards were used to provide access to and communicate data.
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9

Taverna, Kristin. Vegetation classification and mapping of land additions at Richmond National Battlefield Park, Virginia: Addendum to technical report NPS/NER/NRTR 2008/128. National Park Service, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2294278.

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In 2008 and 2015, the Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage produced vegetation maps for Richmond National Battlefield Park, following the protocols of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) – National Park Service (NPS) Vegetation Mapping Program. The original 2008 report was part of a regional project to map and classify the vegetation in seven national parks in Virginia. The 2015 report was an addendum to the original report and mapped the vegetation in newly acquired parcels. Since 2015, the park has acquired an additional 820 acres of land within 12 individual parcels, including the 650 acre North Anna unit. This report is an addendum to the 2008 and 2015 reports and documents the mapping of vegetation and other land-use classes for the 12 new land parcels at Richmond National Battlefield Park, with an updated vegetation map for the entire park. The updated map and associated data provide information on the sensitivity and ecological integrity of habitats and can help prioritize areas for protection. The vegetation map of the new land parcels includes eighteen map classes, representing 14 associations from the United States National Vegetation Classification, one nonstandard, park-specific class, and three Anderson Level II land-use categories. The vegetation classification and map classes are consistent with the original 2008 report. Vegetation-map classes for the new land parcels were identified through field reconnaissance, data collection, and aerial photo interpretation. Aerial photography from 2017 served as the base map for mapping the 12 new parcels, and field sampling was conducted in the summer of 2020. Three new map classes for the Park were encountered and described during the study, all within the North Anna park unit. These map classes are Coastal Plain / Outer Piedmont Basic Mesic Forest, Northern Coastal Plain / Piedmont Oak – Beech / Heath Forest, and Southern Piedmont / Inner Coastal Plain Floodplain Terrace Forest. The examples of Coastal Plain / Outer Piedmont Basic Mesic Forest and Southern Piedmont / Inner Coastal Plain Floodplain Terrace Forest at North Anna meet the criteria of size, condition, and landscape context to be considered a Natural Heritage exemplary natural community occurrence and should be targeted for protection and management as needed. New local and global descriptions for the three map classes are included as part of this report. Refinements were made to the vegetation field key to include the new map classes. The updated field key is part of this report. An updated table listing the number of polygons and total hectares for each of the 28 vegetation- map classes over the entire park is also included in the report. A GIS coverage containing a vegetation map for the entire park with updated Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) compliant metadata was completed for this project. The attribute table field names are the same as the 2008 and 2015 products, with the exception of an additional field indicating the year each polygon was last edited.
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10

Does your Local Control Accountability (LCAP) Plan deliver on the promise of increased or improved services for English Learners? 10 research aligned rubrics to help answer the question and guide your program. The Center for Equity for English Learners (CEEL), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/ceel.lcap2015.1.

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As California’s Local Control Funding Formula (LCFF) came into effect in 2013, districts were given more flexibility to use state resources and create a new school finance system to improve/increase services for students with greater needs for support, including English Learners (ELs), students from low-income backgrounds, and foster youth. Local Education Agencies (LEAs) were tasked with preparing the Local Control and Accountability Plans (LCAPs) to describe how districts use their plans to meet their annual goals for all students. To aid LEAs in their design and implementation of programs to address the needs of ELs, Californians Together, the California Association for Bilingual Education (CABE), California Rural Legal Assistance (CRLA), and the Center for Equity for English Learners (CEEL) collaboratively developed the rubrics with 10 focus areas that have a high impact on ELs. These areas include: (1) English Language Development, (2) Parent Engagement, (3) Professional Development, (4) Programs and Course Access, (5) Expenditures, (6) District Wide Use of Concentration and Supplemental Grant Funds, (7) School Wide Use of Concentration and Supplemental Grant Funds, (8) Actions and Services, (9) Proportionality, and (10) English Learner Data to Inform Goals. These 10 rubrics and their corresponding indicators are based on research-based principles and practices for English Learners. These rubrics were first employed in the review of first-year LCAPs by the above-mentioned organizations and remain an important analytical instrument for district leaders to gain insights into the planning for and improving programs and services for ELs.
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