Books on the topic 'Local commitment'
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1
Biodiversity monitoring and conservation: Bridging the gap between global commitment and local action. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2013.
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2
Chetty, Raj. Consumption commitments, unemployment durations, and local risk aversion. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2004.
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Smith, Cynthia H. Evolving commitments: The story of health care in Ocean County, N.J. Toms River, N.J: Ocean County Cultural & Heritage Commission, 1997.
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4
Organization, Innovative Development. Mainstreaming women and socially excluded groups in the political, electoral processes: A review of party manifestos, constitutions against Pakistan's commitments. Quetta: Innovative Development Organization, 2011.
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5
Office, General Accounting. Mass transit: FTA's new starts commitments for fiscal year 2003 : report to Congressional Committees. Washington, D.C: The Office, 2002.
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6
Campbell, Patricia Shehan, and Shannon Dudley. A University Commitment to Collaborations with Local Musical Communities. Edited by Brydie-Leigh Bartleet and Lee Higgins. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190219505.013.8.
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Working from the premise that the study of music in a hermetic academic environment is no longer a viable model, and that university music programmes must connect to the vibrant musical communities in the very neighbourhoods that surround them, we examine how the presence of a community music ‘weave’ within university programmes of music benefits students, faculty, and community members in myriad ways. We offer examples of university–community partnerships initiated by the ethnomusicology and music education programmes at the University of Washington that prepare music students for the diverse and complex society into which they will graduate. The Visiting Artists in Ethnomusicology programme will be highlighted for the extent to which world-renowned and locally residing artist-musicians have been invited to the faculty for extended periods to perform, teach, and interact with students on instruments, vocally, and in dance forms associated with traditional musical practices. The intent of the chapter is to underscore the critical need for university–community exchanges, to suggest some ways that such exchanges can be accommodated within university programmes of music, and to affirm the benefits that flow from connecting the dots of musicians and aspiring musicians in the workaday world beyond the fortress of the university.
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Local Strategic Partnerships: Lessons from New Commitment to Regeneration (Area Regeneration). Policy Pr, 2002.
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Pettorelli, Nathalie, Sarah M. Durant, Ben Collen, and Jonathan E. M. Baillie. Biodiversity Monitoring and Conservation: Bridging the Gap Between Global Commitment and Local Action. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2013.
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9
Pettorelli, Nathalie, Sarah M. Durant, Ben Collen, and Jonathan E. M. Baillie. Biodiversity Monitoring and Conservation: Bridging the Gap Between Global Commitment and Local Action. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2013.
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10
Pettorelli, Nathalie, Sarah M. Durant, Ben Collen, and Jonathan E. M. Baillie. Biodiversity Monitoring and Conservation: Bridging the Gap Between Global Commitment and Local Action. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2013.
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11
Pettorelli, Nathalie, Sarah M. Durant, Ben Collen, and Jonathan E. M. Baillie. Biodiversity Monitoring and Conservation: Bridging the Gap Between Global Commitment and Local Action. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2013.
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12
United States. Federal Transit Administration, ed. Assessment of local financial commitment for new starts projects: Fy 1999 new starts report. [Washington, D.C.]: The Administration, 1999.
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EmplocTool: Evaluating local commitment for employment : towards a realisation of the European employment strategy. Linz [Austria]: Universitätsverlag Rudolf Trauner, 2004.
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Shrestha, Manoj K., and Richard C. Feiock. Local Government Networks. Edited by Jennifer Nicoll Victor, Alexander H. Montgomery, and Mark Lubell. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190228217.013.22.
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Local governments frequently network with other local governments or other entities for efficient or effective delivery of local services. Networks enable local governments to discover ways to address externalities and diseconomies of scale produced by political fragmentation, functional interconnection, and uneven distribution of knowledge and resources. Local government networking can be informal or formal and bilateral or multilateral, in the form of deliberative forums or mutual aid agreements. This chapter uses the institutional collective action framework to underscore the link between problems of coordination and credibility of commitment that local governments face as they seek self-organizing solutions and the bridging and bonding networks they create in response to these problems. It then reviews the current state of scholarship in local government networks (LGNs) and shows that much progress has been made in both egocentric and whole LGN studies. Finally, it highlights important areas needing attention to advance LGN scholarship.
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(Editor), Don E. Saliers, ed. Public Worship and Public Work: Character and Commitment in Local Congregational Life (Virgil Michel Series). Pueblo Books, 2004.
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European Commission. Directorate-General for Employment and Social Affairs, ed. Acting locally for employment: Findings of the preparatory measures for a local commitment to employment 2001. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2002.
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Tvrdý, M., and Thomas D. Flexibility and Commitment in Planning: A Comparative Study of Local Planning and Development in the Netherlands and England. Springer London, Limited, 2012.
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Tvrdý, M., and Thomas D. Flexibility and Commitment in Planning: A Comparative Study of Local Planning and Development in the Netherlands and England. Springer, 2011.
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19
Erez, Miriam. From Local to Cross-Cultural to Global Work Motivation and Innovation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190879228.003.0005.
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This chapter examines three phases of a programmatic research on work motivation. Phase one focuses on research on work motivation prior to considering the effect of culture on work motivation. This research identifies two boundary conditions of the goal-setting theory of motivation—knowledge of results, and goal commitment—two necessary conditions for goals to affect performance. It continues to examine the effect of participation in goal setting on goal acceptance and its consequent performance and discovers cross-cultural differences in the effect of participation on goal acceptance and performance. This has opened up phase two, which focuses on cross-cultural differences and similarities in work motivation. Phase three has paralleled the change toward a global, culturally diverse and geographically dispersed work context. This context stimulates new research questions and research paradigms that have specifically focused on understanding how to motivate employees’ behaviors in the global context and enhance their sense of belongingness to their multicultural teams.
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Tripp, Aili Mari. Women’s Organizations and Peace Initiatives. Edited by Fionnuala Ní Aoláin, Naomi Cahn, Dina Francesca Haynes, and Nahla Valji. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199300983.013.34.
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Women’s peace movements in the post–Cold War era frequently share three common characteristics: a grassroots and local focus due to exclusion from formal peace negotiations; an early and sustained commitment to bridging differences between factions; and the use of international and regional pressures to create success on the local level. This chapter reviews each of these characteristics through case studies. Examples from Sri Lanka, Somalia, and Nepal illustrate the successes and challenges of grassroots or local peace movements led by women. Peace processes in Burundi, led by women activists, exemplify a commitment to unity across ethnic lines. The chapter concludes with examples from Liberia and Sierra Leone, demonstrating the efficacy of international and regional organizations supporting local peace movements.
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Beste, Jennifer. Creating a Sexually Just Campus Culture. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190268503.003.0012.
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Drawing on the theology of Johann Metz, students’ reflections concerning sexual assault, and social scientific research, this final chapter identifies three essential commitments needed to create a sexually just culture. Those three commitments are: endorsing an affirmative sexual consent standard, embracing a culture of zero tolerance for sexual violence, and forming a conscious, collective commitment among undergraduates to free one another from the constrictive sexual, gender, and social norms of typical party and hookup culture. Citing recent changes in federal regulation on sexual assault and recent social movements by undergraduate activists nationwide, the author suggests that the possibility of cultural transformation and sexual justice on college campuses has never been more within our reach than at the present moment. As the author explains, such transformation will require the collaboration of a wide range of constituents on local, state, and federal levels.
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Bell, Ruth Greenspan. Protecting the Environment during and after Resource Extraction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817369.003.0016.
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Natural resources extraction inevitably imposes environmental damage including diversion of scarce water away from pressing local needs, disruption of fragile ecosystems, and longer-range and often irreparable harm. These fall most forcefully on the local populations at or near the extraction sites but also beyond. Effective regulation of extractive industries is critical to balance immediate needs with longer-term considerations. Unfortunately, much extraction takes place in countries with weak institutions and poor success rates in addressing any of their environmental challenges and often rampant corruption undercutting fair application of rules. This chapter concludes that improving practices requires a long and sustained commitment from everyone involved—the countries and industry.
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Councils, Association of County, Association of Metropolitan Authorities, Association of District Councils, and Audit Commission for Local Authorities in England and Wales., eds. Code of practice on a prudential approach to local authority commitments. [Bristol: Audit Commission], 1989.
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Fine, Gary Alan. Hinge: Civil Society, Group Cultures, and the Power of Local Commitments. University of Chicago Press, 2021.
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Fine, Gary Alan. Hinge: Civil Society, Group Cultures, and the Power of Local Commitments. University of Chicago Press, 2021.
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Pfeifer, Michael J. Vigilantes, Criminal Justice, and Antebellum Cultural Conflict. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036132.003.0003.
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This chapter traces, in the social and legal context of the southern, midwestern, and western frontiers, the lethal transition from the nondeadly collective violence (typically floggings) perpetrated by regulator movements in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, to the prolific extralegal hangings of gamblers, alleged slave insurrectionists, horse thieves, and murderers in Mississippi, Iowa, and Wyoming Territory from the mid-1830s through the late 1860s. Furthermore, the chapter looks at the phenomenon of vigilantism and how it operates within the legal context of the period. Vigilantes articulated a preference for criminal justice that privileged local opinion over a neutral commitment to due process law and the rights of the defendant, a stance that rejected an emerging commitment in reformist circles and in the legal culture to the notion of a fair-handed, omnipotent state as arbitrator of community differences and guarantor of individual rights.
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MacDonald, Martha. Organizing Site Visits. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190862268.003.0004.
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Organizing Site Visits: Methodological Considerations considers the practical challenges of team ethnography fieldwork. The selection of sites and organization of the site visit are central to the success of the rapid site-switching methodology. The method relies heavily on the commitment of team members to take a turn organizing site visits in their jurisdictions and on both their local knowledge and skills. Issues around site selection and site visit organization are discussed from the perspective of a team member responsible for organizing site visits in one Canadian jurisdiction. The chapter reviews the process from the initial selection of sites to follow-up with the host facilities. Decentralized, collaborative decision-making is essential when planning fieldwork in multiple jurisdictions with widely dispersed team members. Relationships are key to a successful site visit and all aspects of local arrangements must be considered through this lens.
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Petrovici, Norbert, Codruța Mare, and Darie Moldovan. The Economy of Cluj. Cluj-Napoca and the Cluj Metropolitan Area: The development of the Local Economy in the 2008-2018 decade. Presa Universitară Clujeană, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52257/9786063710445.
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Over the last decade, globalization processes have intensified, and as such, global organizations relocated their secondary processes to new spaces specialized in operations (Peck 2018; Oshri, Kotlarsky, and Willcocks 2015). Most of the processes that are being externalized are Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) and Information Technology Outsourcing (ITO) (Oshri, Kotlarsky, and Willcocks 2015). The global outsourcing hotspots are India, China and the Philippines, that concentrate over 80% of outsourced processes. At European level, Central and Eastern Europe has capitalized most of the outsourcing in the West, particularly in regards to German capital (Marin 2018; Dustmann et al. 2014). Almost half (45.4%) of the total foreign investments of German companies is outsourced to Central and Eastern Europe. In Romania 63.7% of the German foreign investments are processes that were outsourced to our country (Marin, Schymik, and Tarasov 2018). As Peck (2018) points out, the logic behind the process is finding the cheapest labor force pools. Initially, outsourcing was focused on industrialized labor, however, now it is mostly skilled and highly skilled workforce that is being outsourced (Pavlínek 2019). Even if it is work performed by white collars, it has a high level of repetitiveness; however, in sectors such as IT there are also R&D operations (Oshri, Kotlarsky, and Willcocks 2015). Cluj is an example of a city whose local economy and workforce composition changed dramatically after the 2008-2010 financial crisis. The city is one of the Central and Eastern European hubs that benefited from the globalization of outsourcing operations. In particular, Cluj-Napoca excels in four transnational fields: Information & Communications Technology, Business Support Services, Engineering, Research & Development and Financial Services. In 2018, Cluj-Napoca was one of the most developed cities in the European Union in the GDP per capita group 19.000 – 27.000 at Purchasing Power Parity, cities that made a credible commitment at European level to promote knowledge, culture and creativity. In particular, participation in global production chains has generated the emergence of two types of internal markets: An internal market for the well-paid labor force employed in internationalized sectors that consumes a series of dedicated products and services: hospitality (restaurants, cafes, bars), food stuffs (meat products, pastries, premium alcoholic products), lifestyle services (hair salons , spas, gyms), cultural services (festivals, theatres, operas), location services (real estate services, interior design services, furniture manufacturing services). A set of markets that serve the global capital in reproducing their location (cleaning services, security, construction of type A office buildings, human resources). Both domestic and internationalized markets are responsible for the impressive development of the city between 2008 and 2018. The GDP of the Cluj Metropolitan Area and the private revenues of companies have doubled in the last decade.
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Ricketts, Mónica. Toward a New Imperial Elite. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190494889.003.0002.
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This chapter analyzes the commitment of the Bourbon Crown to create a new power elite in which they could trust. This project was first implemented in Spain and then in America. While the new Bourbon monarchy’s main goals were to centralize and curtail local power, it cared deeply about forging strong bonds of loyalty with its subjects, especially after the outbreak of revolutions and violence in the Atlantic world. Hence, the Crown also tried to bring elites from the Spanish Peninsula and Spanish America. These policies laid the ground for the rise of a common and parallel political history of Peninsular and American elites in the late Spanish Empire.
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Prevost, Elizabeth E. Anglican Mission in Twentieth-Century Africa. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199643011.003.0011.
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Anglican mission in Africa had the capacity to challenge and unseat social, political, and religious hierarchies and identities as much as to create and reinforce them. This chapter considers how twentieth-century movements in colonial statecraft, welfare and development, anti-colonial nationalism, and decolonization found expression in Anglican mission in sub-Saharan Africa. Specifically, it looks at how the Anglican missionary commitment to indigenization played out in government and society, education and knowledge production, ritual and spirituality, political dissent, and devolution—often in unexpected ways that thwarted the intent of mission establishments and reshaped the character of Anglicanism. Approaching missions as communities, structured by changing norms of authority and social cohesion, can reveal the complex interrelationships of local, regional, and global dynamics of Anglican ideology and practice.
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Chow, Alexander. Urban Intellectual Christianity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808695.003.0005.
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This chapter focuses on the development in the late 1990s and the early twenty-first century of intellectuals in the study of Christianity with a stronger faith commitment than their predecessors discussed in Chapter 3. Whilst many of these individuals would initially see themselves as being cultural Christians, they would later shift and see themselves as Christian scholars (Jidutu xueren) who serve as elders and pastors of local urban intellectual churches and develop their theological engagements based on the Calvinist tradition. Moreover, in contrast to the cultural Christians who spent most of their more formative years during the Cultural Revolution, this new generation of Christian intellectuals was born towards the end of the Cultural Revolution and was often more shaped by—and may even have been part of—the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests.
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NeCamp, Samantha. Literacy in the Mountains. University Press of Kentucky, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813178851.001.0001.
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Literacy in the Mountains examines five Appalachian newspapers published between 1885 and 1920 for evidence of literacy practices in mountain communities. The newspapers illustrate that there existed a vibrant community of readers and writers in an area often imagined as illiterate and textless. Documenting a variety of literacy exchanges and a passionate commitment to local education institutions, the newspapers serve as a historical archive to recover otherwise invisible practices from the turn of the century. These findings demonstrate that the “idea of Appalachia” as a poor and illiterate region at the turn of the century is inaccurate, thus belying current narratives that the region is doomed to repeat cycles of poverty that reach into the distant past. Instead, Appalachia has a rich history of literacy and civic participation on which to draw.
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Berryhill, Carisse, ed. Collection Development in Theological Libraries. American Theological Library Association, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31046/atlaopenpress.89.
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The Theological Librarian’s Handbook is a multi-volume guide to the practice of theological librarianship. It is intended for use by library staff at theological and religious studies libraries who do not possess professional training in the field of library and information science. This handbook offers perspectives and advice from leading experts in the field and best practices from theological libraries all over the world. This volume introduces the reader to collection development in theological libraries and answers these basic questions: How does one understand one’s community in order to serve its information needs? What are the principles of decision-making about resources? How are these expressed in a useful policy document? How does commitment to diversity, equality, inclusion, and antiracism shape local collection practice? How can collaborative strategies be used to provide access to reference collections, special collections, and electronic collections?
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Jones, Sarah Rowland. Episcopé and Leadership. Edited by Mark Chapman, Sathianathan Clarke, and Martyn Percy. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199218561.013.36.
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This chapter considers understandings and expressions of episcopé, the ministry of oversight, across the Anglican Communion. Drawing on reflections on the 2008 Lambeth Conference, and examples from around the Anglican world, it reviews contemporary practices of, and challenges to, church leadership not only of bishops—acting personally, collegially, and communally—but more widely in the mission and ministry of the whole people of God. This includes clergy and laity formally in synods and church structures, and in many informal ways, as well as ecumenical dimensions. How Anglicanism’s long-standing commitment to appropriate local adaptation of episcopé is exercised today, over hugely diverse contexts, is considered in the light of scripture and of historic emphases on episcopacy as the focus of unity, teaching, eucharistic presidency, and pastoring. God’s calling, guiding, equipping and empowering is stressed as foundational above all else.
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Schedneck, Brooke. Buddhist International Organizations. Edited by Michael Jerryson. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199362387.013.43.
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Buddhist international organizations are a dynamic phenomenon of contemporary Buddhism. The proliferation of these organizations is a significant manifestation of global and transnational forms of Buddhism. Common characteristics of international Buddhist organizations include charismatic leadership, a large lay Buddhist population, the establishment of local branch centers, and a focus on a particular form of Buddhist practice such as a meditation method or a form of social engagement. The author’s criteria for labeling international Buddhist organizations as such include a membership of diverse nationalities, multiple branch centers outside the country of its origin, and therefore a commitment to both national and international concerns. The chapter investigates the most relevant organizations structured by region and social issue. It includes examples of Buddhist international organizations throughout Asia, with a focus on common regional features. Precedents for Buddhist international organizations within the pre-modern and modern period are also included.
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Riley, Barry. LBJ, India, and the Short Tether. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190228873.003.0014.
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In the ten years since enactment of PL 480, India had been the largest participant in the Title I local currency sales program. Johnson believed India regarded the program almost as an entitlement derived from India’s continuing poverty and America’s wealth and agricultural surpluses. This chapter recounts Johnson’s personal intervention in every food aid decision related to India where he sought to extract policy concessions, a stronger Indian commitment to agricultural reform, and greater public gratefulness for America’s largesse. Food aid to India during months of drought and shortages were provided only on a month-to-month basis and only upon the approval of the president in very grudging amounts. Relying on reporting from USDA that did not fully portray all the Indian government had already undertaken to improve its own food production, Johnson’s harsh food aid policy may have delayed rather than encouraged agricultural progress in India.
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Woolcock, Michael. Culture, Politics, and Development. Edited by Carol Lancaster and Nicolas van de Walle. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199845156.013.11.
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This article explores the value of the study of culture for understanding development. Important advances have been made in recent years in understanding how culture, politics, and development interact. Today, the leading theoretical approach to culture seeks to provide an empirically grounded, mechanisms-based account of how symbols, frames, identities, and narratives are deployed as part of a broader repertoire of cultural “tools.” For politics and development, a central virtue of this approach resides less in its broad policy prescriptions than in its commitment to engaging with the idiosyncrasies of local contexts. This engagement contributes to development policy by enabling careful intracountry comparisons to be made of the conditions under which variable responses to otherwise similar problems emerge. Such knowledge is also important for discerning the generalizability (or “external validity”) of claims regarding the efficacy of development interventions, especially those overtly engaging with social, legal, and political issues.
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Gray, Barbara, and Jill Purdy. Multistakeholder Partnerships in Context. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782841.003.0002.
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This chapter analyzes a variety of contextual factors that make partnerships a necessity. More and more societal problems have become “wicked problems” that involve many actors and defy resolution and require the attention and commitment of many interdependent players to find solutions because actions taken by one organization or sector negatively impact others. Increasing “glocalization” or fusing of the local and the global problems also propels partnerships. Six glocal conditions are explored that have spurred the growth of cross-sector partnerships locally and across the globe: deepening income inequality; growing importance of health in the economy; environmental degradation including climate change, water crises, and the need for sustainability, large-scale involuntary migration, increases in extreme weather events and continued decline in ability of governments to handle complex problems. The chapter also identifies partners’ motivations for joining partnerships, and classifies partnerships according to motives and intended outcomes.
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Lykes, M. Brinton. Critical Reflection of Section Three. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190614614.003.0009.
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Conversing with Dutt’s and Dutta’s chapters suggests that activist scholars in psychology seeking to accompany women as they construct more just and inclusive communities might benefit from engaging dialogically with critical transitional justice, toward articulating and performing a more holistic “bottom-up” vernacularization of intersectional human rights. Within distinctive geographic and historical sites with contrasting possibilities vis-à-vis women’s protagonism and leadership, Dutt and Dutta share a commitment to engage with local women to document and understand multiple experiences of violence and violation in their everyday lives. Both authors collaborate with women in rural and/or remote areas of Nicaragua (Dutt) and India (Dutta) where women’s lived experiences are constrained by racialized and gendered economic and political structures that frequently exclude them from accessing their basic needs. Both authors help us to discern distinctive possibilities of women’s political engagement through the lens of civic participation (Dutt) and protagonism in the everyday (Dutta).
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Bove, Vincenzo, Chiara Ruffa, and Andrea Ruggeri. Composing Peace. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790655.001.0001.
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The book explores how diversity in United Nations’ peace mission composition affects peacekeeping effectiveness. It identifies four key dimensions of composition: Blue Helmets’ field diversity, top mission leadership diversity (between Force Commander and Special Representative of the Secretary General), vertical leadership distance (Leadership-Blue Helmets), and horizontal distance with the local population. Each dimension of diversity of mission is measured as linguistic, geographical, and religious distance. Our book conceptualizes original mechanisms—i. resolve commitment; ii. informative trust; iii. informative communicability; iv. skilled persuasion—through which diversity can shape mission effectiveness such as trust, communicability, deterrence, and persuasion. It then evaluates each dimension separately through three pathway case studies—the UN missions in Lebanon, in Mali, and in the Central African Republic—and quantitative analyses based on a global dataset of peacekeeping operations deployed since the end of the Cold War. The book finds that diversity of Blue Helmets and diversity of top leadership may increase the mission’s capacity to reduce battle-field violence and civilian victimization. At the same time, the effects of diversity are contextual and contingent. In fact, looking at the relation between peacekeepers and Force Commanders, proximity between them is generally associated with better performances. Furthermore, homogeneity between local populations and peacekeepers, or low distance between them, is also related to low levels of hostility and casualties. This book crucially demonstrates why diversity of mission composition is a key variable to consider when trying to enhance peacekeeping effectiveness.
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Carrol, Alison. The Return of Alsace to France, 1918-1939. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803911.001.0001.
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In 1918 the end of the First World War triggered the return of Alsace to France after almost fifty years of annexation into the German Empire. Enthusiastic crowds in Paris and Alsace celebrated the homecoming of the so-called lost province, but return proved far less straightforward than anticipated. The region’s German-speaking population demonstrated strong commitment to local cultures and institutions, as well as their own visions of return to France. As a result, the following two decades saw politicians, administrators, industrialists, cultural elites, and others grapple with the question of how to make Alsace French again. The answer did not prove straightforward; differences of opinion emerged both inside and outside the region, and reintegration became a fiercely contested process that remained incomplete when war broke out in 1939. The Return of Alsace to France examines this story. Drawing upon national, regional, and local archives, it follows the difficult process of Alsace’s reintegration into French society, culture, political and economic systems, and legislative and administrative institutions. It connects the microhistory of the region with the macro levels of national policy, international relations, and transnational networks, and with the cross-border flows of ideas, goods, people, and cultural products that shaped daily life in Alsace. Revealing Alsace to be a site of exchange between a range of interest groups with different visions of the region’s future, this book underlines the role of regional populations and cross-border interactions in forging the French Third Republic.
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Tripkovic, Bosko. Constitutional Identity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808084.003.0002.
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The chapter examines the metaethical foundations of the argument from constitutional identity. This argument locates the source of value in a set of deep and self-identifying evaluative commitments that develop in a society in virtue of the fact that it has a constitution. Drawing on comparative constitutional practice, the chapter argues that constitutional identity has two dimensions: general constitutional identity relies on the notion that constitutions entail common evaluative commitments that are applicable in any constitutional system of government, and particular constitutional identity relies on specific values discernible from moral judgments that have been made in local constitutional practices. The chapter contends that the argument from constitutional identity incorporates the tension between the emotive-local and reasonable-universal dimension of moral value, and extends into other types of value-based arguments in constitutional reasoning. The chapter concludes that constitutional identity cannot be a self-standing source of value in constitutional adjudication.
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Jenkins, Rob, and James Manor. Politics and the Right to Work. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190608309.001.0001.
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India's National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA), passed in 2005, has been among the developing world's most ambitious anti-poverty initiatives. By “guaranteeing” 100 days of work annually to every rural household, NREGA sought to advance the Indian constitution's commitment to securing citizens’ “right to work”. This book is not a technical evaluation of program performance. It offers instead a detailed analysis of the politics surrounding NREGA: the model of political action that motivated its architects, the public advocacy and parliamentary maneuvering involved in its passage, the political dynamics shaping implementation at state and local levels, the institutional constraints on reforming how it operates, and its complex impacts on public policy debates about governance and development as well as on the political capacities of poor people. Based on their extensive – primarily qualitative – field research, the authors examine changing conceptions of rights and the challenges of making states more accountable to their most disadvantaged citizens. Their analysis of the politics of NREGA provides a window onto the inner workings of Indian democracy and the complex character of the Indian state as it attempts to upgrade its social welfare provision to something more in keeping with the enhanced economic stature the country over the past few decades.
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Ballakrishnen, Swethaa S. Accidental Feminism. Princeton University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691182537.001.0001.
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In India, elite law firms offer a surprising oasis for women within a hostile, predominantly male industry. Less than 10 percent of the country's lawyers are female, but women in the most prestigious firms are significantly represented both at entry and partnership. Elite workspaces are notorious for being unfriendly to new actors, so what allows for aberration in certain workspaces? This book examines how a range of underlying mechanisms — gendered socialization and essentialism, family structures and dynamics, and firm and regulatory histories — afford certain professionals egalitarian outcomes that are not available to their local and global peers. Juxtaposing findings on the legal profession with those on elite consulting firms, the book reveals that parity arises not from a commitment to create feminist organizations, but from structural factors that incidentally come together to do gender differently. Simultaneously, the book offers notes of caution: while conditional convergence may create equality in ways that more targeted endeavors fail to achieve, “accidental” developments are hard to replicate, and are, in this case, buttressed by embedded inequalities. The book examines whether gender parity produced without institutional sanction should still be considered feminist. In offering new ways to think about equality movements and outcomes, the book forces readers to critically consider the work of intention in progress narratives.
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Barney, William L. Rebels in the Making. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190076085.001.0001.
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Rebels in the Making narrates and interprets secession in the fifteen slave states in 1860–1861. It is a political history informed by the socioeconomic structures of the South and the varying forms they took across the region. It explains how a small minority of Southern radicals exploited the hopes and fears of Southern whites over slavery after Lincoln’s election in November of 1860 to create and lead a revolutionary movement with broad support, especially in the Lower South. It reveals a divided South in which the commitment to secession was tied directly to the extent of slave ownership and the political influence of local planters. White fears over the future of slavery were at the center of the crisis, and the refusal of Republicans to sanction the expansion of slavery doomed efforts to reach a sectional compromise. In January 1861, six states in the Lower South joined South Carolina in leaving the Union, and delegates from the seceded states organized a Confederate government in February. Lincoln’s call for troops to uphold the Union after the Confederacy fired on Fort Sumter in April 1861 finally pushed the reluctant states of the Upper South to secede in defense of slavery and white supremacy.
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Sen, Rumela. Farewell to Arms. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197529867.001.0001.
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How do rebels give up arms and return to the political system that they once sought to overthrow? Policymakers often focus on incentives like cash and jobs to lure rebels away from extremism. From the rebels’ perspective, however, physical safety is more important than these livelihood options. Rebels quit extremist groups only when they know that they can disarm without getting killed in the process. This book shows that retiring Maoist rebels in India believe that they could lose their lives after they disarm, targeted either by enemies they made during their insurgent career or by their former comrades. However, the Indian state would lose nothing if it failed to keep its side of the bargain and protect disarmed rebels. This creates a problem of credible commitment, which, in the absence of institutional mechanisms, is addressed locally by informal exit networks that emerge from grassroots civic associations in the gray zones of state-insurgency interface. Maoist retirement is high in South India and low in the North due to emergence of two distinct types of exit networks in these two conflict locations. By showing that the type of exit network depends on local social bases of an insurgency and the ties of an insurgent organization to society, this book brings civil society into the study of insurgency in a theoretically coherent way.
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Brontë, Anne. The Tenant of Wildfell Hall. Edited by Herbert Rosengarten and Josephine McDonagh. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199207558.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
‘he looked up wistfully in my face, and gravely asked – “Mamma, why are you so wicked?”’ The mysterious new tenant of Wildfell Hall has a dark secret. But as the captivated Gilbert Markham will discover, it is not the story circulating among local gossips. Living under an assumed name, 'Helen Graham' is the estranged wife of a dissolute rake, desperate to protect her son from his destructive influence. Her diary entries reveal the shocking world of debauchery and cruelty from which she has fled. Combining a sensational story of a man's physical and moral decline through alcohol, a study of marital breakdown, a disquisition on the care and upbringing of children, and a hard-hitting critique of the position of women in Victorian society, this passionate tale of betrayal is set within a stern moral framework tempered by Anne Brontë's optimistic belief in universal redemption. Drawing on her first-hand experiences with her brother Branwell, Brontë's novel scandalized contemporary readers. It still retains its power to shock. ABOUT THE SERIES: For over 100 years Oxford World's Classics has made available the widest range of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxford's commitment to scholarship, providing the most accurate text plus a wealth of other valuable features, including expert introductions by leading authorities, helpful notes to clarify the text, up-to-date bibliographies for further study, and much more.
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Cordonier Segger, Marie-Claire, Marcel Szabó, and Alexandra R. Harrington, eds. Intergenerational Justice in Sustainable Development Treaty Implementation. Cambridge University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108768511.
Full textAbstract:
Economic, technological, social and environmental transformations are affecting all humanity, and decisions taken today will impact the quality of life for all future generations. This volume surveys current commitments to sustainable development, analysing innovative policies, practices and procedures to promote respect for intergenerational justice. Expert contributors provide serious scholarly and practical discussions of the theoretical, institutional, and legal considerations inherent in intergenerational justice at local, national, regional and global scales. They investigate treaty commitments related to intergenerational equity, explore linkages between regimes, and offer insights from diverse experiences of national future generations' institutions. This volume should be read by lawyers, academics, policy-makers, business and civil society leaders interested in the economy, society, the environment, sustainable development, climate change, and other law, policy and practices impacting all generations.
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Bremer, Francis J. One Small Candle. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197510049.001.0001.
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One Small Candle tells how the religious values of the Pilgrims prompted their settlement of the Plymouth Colony and how those values influenced the political, intellectual, and cultural aspect of New England life a hundred and fifty years before the American Revolution. It begins in early seventeenth-century England with their persecution for challenging the established national church, and their struggles as refugees in the Netherlands in the 1610s. It then examines the challenges they faced in planting a colony in America, including relations with the Native population. The book emphasizes the religious dimension of the story, which has been neglected in most recent works. In particular it focuses on how this particular group of puritan Congregationalists was driven by the belief that ordinary men and women should play the determinative role in governing church affairs. Their commitment to lay empowerment is illustrated by attention to the life of William Brewster, who helped organize the congregation in its early years and served as the colony’s spiritual guide for its first decade. The participatory democracy that was reflected in congregational church covenants played a greater role in the shaping of Massachusetts churches than has previously been accepted. This outlook also influenced the earliest political forms of the region, including the Mayflower Compact and local New England town meetings. Their rejection of individual greed and focus on community was an early form of an American social gospel.
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Hickey, Sam, and Naomi Hossain, eds. The Politics of Education in Developing Countries. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198835684.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This book examines the politics of the learning crisis in the global South, where learning outcomes have stagnated or worsened, despite progress towards Universal Primary Education since the 1990s. Comparative analysis of education reform in Bangladesh, Cambodia, Ghana, Rwanda, South Africa, and Uganda highlights systemic failure on the frontline of education service delivery, driven by deeper crises of policymaking and implementation: few governments try to raise educational standards with any conviction, and education bureaucracies are unable to deliver even those learning reforms that get through the policy process. Introductory chapters develop a theoretical framework within which to examine the critical features of the politics of education. Case study chapters demonstrate that political settlements, or the balance of power between contending social groups, shape the extent to which elites commit to adopting and implementing reforms aimed at improving learning outcomes, and the nature this influence takes. Informal politics and power relations can generate incentives that undermine rather than support elite commitment to development, politicizing the provision of education. Tracing reform processes from their policy origins down to the frontline, it seems that successful schools emerged as localized solutions to specific solutions, often against the grain of dysfunctional sectoral arrangements and the national-level political settlement, but with local political backing. The book concludes with discussion of the need for more politically attuned approaches that focus on building coalitions for change and supporting ‘best-fit’ types of problem-solving fixes, rather than calling for systemic change.