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Cristoferi, Riccardo. "On local and global minimizers of some non-convex variational problems." Doctoral thesis, SISSA, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11767/4848.
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Many physical systems are modeled mathematically as variational problems, where the observed configurations are expected to be local or global minimizers of a suitable energy.
Such an energy can be very complicated, as well as the physical phenomenon under investigation. Thus, as a starting point, it is useful to focus on some simple models, which however capture the main features.
In this thesis we concentrate on two kinds of energies, that can be both viewed as nonlocal variants of the perimeter functional. The nonlocality consists in a bulk term, that in one case is given by an elastic energy, while in the other by a long-range interaction of Coulumbic type.
The physical systems modeled by these energies displays a rich variety of observable patterns, as well as the formation of morphological instabilities of interfaces between different phases.
These phenomena can be mathematically understood as the competition between the local geometric part of the energy,
i.e., the perimeter, and the nonlocal one. Indeed, while the first
one prefers configurations in which the interfaces are regular and as small as possible, the latter, instead, favors more irregular and oscillating patterns.
Thus, finding global or local minima of these energies is a highly nontrivial task, and indeed many big issues about them are still open. The aim of this thesis is to give a contribution to the investigation of such issues.
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Bonacini, Marco. "Minimality and stability results for a class of free-discontinuity and nonlocal isoperimetric problems." Doctoral thesis, SISSA, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11767/4832.
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Taheri, Ali. "Local minimizers in the calculus of variations." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/656.
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Hedlin, Ludwig. "Convergence of Linear Neural Networks to Global Minimizers." Thesis, KTH, Matematik (Inst.), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281982.
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It is known that gradient flow in linear neural networks using Euclidean loss almost always avoids critical points that have at least one eigendirection with negative curvature. Using algebraic invariants of the gradient flow we try to prove that the set of all critical points with no second-order curvature (zero Hessian) for arbitrary networks is associated to a subset of the invariants of lower dimension. This would mean that these critical points are almost surely avoided. We show that this holds for networks with $3$ or less hidden layers and a few other special cases. We show by way of explicit counter-example that it is not true for general deep networks.<br>Det är känt att linjära neurala nätverk med Euklidisk loss-funktion under gradient flow alltid undviker kritiska punkter som har minst en egenriktning med negativ böjning. Med hjälp av algebraiska invarianter till gradient flow försöker vi bevisa att invarianter associerade med kritiska punkter med försvinnande Hessian-matris utgör en algebraisk mängd av lägre dimension. Det skulle innebära att dessa kritiska punkter nästan alltid undviks. Vi visar att för nätverk med $3$ eller färre gömda lager så gäller detta. Vi visar även med explicit motexempel att våran förmodan inte gäller för allmänna djupa nätverk.
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Kim, Yun-hui. "Topologically non-trivial local minimizers of the Oseen-Frank energy." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3219903.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Mathematics, 2006.<br>"Title from dissertation home page (viewed June 28, 2007)." Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-06, Section: B, page: 3166. Advisers: Peter Sternberg; Jacob Rubinstein.
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Fortin, Charles. "Computing the local minimizers of a large and sparse trust-region subproblem." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85548.
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We present new algorithms for computing local minimizers of the trust-region subproblem (TRS). This problem consists in minimizing a quadratic function subject to a ball constraint. In particular, this problem appears as a subproblem in trust-region methods for constrained and unconstrained optimization. First, by modeling the TRS with a new semidefinite program, different than the standard semidefinite relaxation, we derive an algorithm, similar in structure to the Rendl-Wolkowicz Algorithm, which implicitly solves the semidefinite program by maximizing a single variable concave function over a closed interval. Second, we extend the theory needed for this algorithm and the Rendl-Wolkowicz Algorithm to derive two algorithms for computing a local-nonglobal minimizer of the TRS. These algorithms are based upon finding a root of a single variable convex function with the secant method. In all our algorithms, we compute at most the two smallest eigenvalues of a parameterized matrix. This can be done using an ARPACK subroutine which only requires matrix-vector multiplications. Hence, we are able to exploit the possible sparsity of the Hessian matrix of the quadratic objective, making the algorithms suitable for large problems. Computationally, the algorithms for finding a local-nonglobal minimizer are more competitive than the previous approach based on computing a matrix factorization at each iteration.
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Shahrokhi-Dehkordi, Mohammad Sadegh. "Topological methods for strong local minimizers and extremals of multiple integrals in the calculus of variations." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/6913/.
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Let Ω ⊂ Rn be a bounded Lipschitz domain and consider the energy functional F[u, Ω] := ∫ Ω F(∇u(x)) dx, over the space Ap(Ω) := {u ∈ W 1,p(Ω, Rn): u|∂Ω = x, det ∇u> 0 a.e. in Ω}, where the integrand F : Mn×n → R is quasiconvex, sufficiently regular and satisfies a p-coercivity and p-growth for some exponent p ∈ [1, ∞[. A motivation for the study of above energy functional comes from nonlinear elasticity where F represents the elastic energy of a homogeneous hyperelastic material and Ap(Ω) represents the space of orientation preserving deformations of Ω fixing the boundary pointwise. The aim of this thesis is to discuss the question of multiplicity versus uniqueness for extremals and strong local minimizers of F and the relation it bares to the domain topology. Our work, building upon previous works of others, explicitly and quantitatively confirms the significant role of domain topology, and provides explicit and new examples as well as methods for constructing such maps. Our approach for constructing strong local minimizers is topological in nature and is based on defining suitable homotopy classes in Ap(Ω) (for p ≥ n), whereby minimizing F on each class results in, modulo technicalities, a strong local minimizer. Here we work on a prototypical example of a topologically non-trivial domain, namely, a generalised annulus, Ω= {x ∈ Rn : a< |x| <b}, with 0 <a<b< ∞. Then the associated homotopy classes of Ap(Ω) are infinitely many when n =2 and two when n ≥ 3. In contrast, for constructing explicitly and directly solutions to the system of Euler-Lagrange equations associated to F we introduce a topological class of maps referred to as generalised twists and relate the problem to extremising an associated energy on the compact Lie group SO(n). The main result is a surprising discrepancy between even and odd dimensions. In even dimensions the latter system of equations admits infinitely many smooth solutions, modulo isometries, amongst such maps whereas in odd dimensions this number reduces to one. Even more surprising is the fact that in odd dimensions the functional F admits strong local minimizers yet no solution of the Euler-Lagrange equations can be in the form of a generalised twist. Thus the strong local minimizers here do not have the symmetry one intuitively expects!.
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Bauman, Zygmunt. "Local Orders, Global Chaos." Universität Potsdam, 1999. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/2378/.
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Hernandez, Rodrigo, and Andréas Andersson. "Global spirituality - local development." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-27836.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the dynamics between spirituality and development. The point of departure for the study took place in Rishikesh and Dharamsala, in India. Our main object was to examine the role of the Divine Life Society (DLS), in Rishikesh and the Tibetan government in exile, in Dharamsala, in terms of local development. To achieve a solid platform regarding the theoretical framework, relevant studies were made in Hinduism and Buddhism. The study shows that there is a connection between religion and development. Nevertheless, this connection is not unequivocal, hence, in comparison, the results shows differences between the two objects studied. The conclusion of this study is that although there is a connection between spirituality and local development, spirituality in itself doesn’t mean development.
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Silva, Rogério Silvestre da. "From local to global." Florianópolis, SC, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/103219.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura Correspondente<br>Made available in DSpace on 2013-07-16T03:37:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
252105.pdf: 288002 bytes, checksum: 7be0987660fe3fb5c34a5e8556c2a4d7 (MD5)<br>This study discusses the trajectory of Dionne Brand's poetry in its political engagement with the issues of diaspora, post-colonialism, the Multiculturalism Act in Canada, and struggles of visible minorities. The poet's political discourse is mainly analyzed in light of the intersections between race, class, gender and sexuality. The analysis shows that Brand explores a multitude of voices, that is, a polyphonic discourse in which the poet articulates her political views in order to represent the experience of otherness. Findings also show that Brand's poetic act of resistance expresses her hybrid language which subverts the dominant discourse. The poet also discusses her experience with racism, her vision about the notion of national identity, and her criticism against the media regarding the manipulation of violence and cultural destruction.
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Yencken, Daniel Egil Ferdinand. "Local uses of global media." Florianópolis, SC, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/91200.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura Correspondente<br>Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-23T19:48:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
251709.pdf: 8526235 bytes, checksum: 89333c6b26dd765f2f5f895e13a870ce (MD5)<br>Against the backdrop of the increasing accessibility of media production technologies and the growth in the usage of Internet video websites, this thesis investigates the video work published on the activist media website Centro de Mídia Independente (CMI), in order to explore the uses being made of Internet video in a local context. The thesis looks at a number of new paradigms of the global in order to provide a theoretical context from which to consider the technology on which this use of video is based, the new social movements from which the videos are emerging, and how the videos are positioned in relation to the globalized networked environment of the Internet. The context for the textual analysis is provided by a discussion of narrative forms in journalistic texts, documentary and new media, and particularly, of documentary modes, tensions between journalism and documentary, the impact of digital media on documentary, and properties of digital and new media. The analysis takes the video production from Florianópolis posted to the CMI in 2005 as a case study, exploring the range of documentary modes suggested by the videos, additional styles and strategies that they make use of, and the integration of the videos with the hypertext environment in which they are posted. The thesis argues that a significant dimension of the videos is the diversity of styles and perspectives that they represent. It also argues that locality can be considered in the videos through the shared contexts of their subject matter and of the way in which they are posted to the CMI website. The thesis concludes that the multiplicity of forms of expression encountered in the videos and the multiplicity of perspectives that they provide on their subjects points to the democratic potential of websites such as the Centro de Mídia Independente.
Tendo com pano de fundo o crescente acesso às tecnologias de produção de mídia e o crescimento no uso de websites relacionados ao uso de vídeo na Internet, esta dissertação investiga os trabalhos em vídeo publicados no website de mídia ativista, Centro de Mídia Independente (CMI), para explorar os usos de vídeo na Internet em um contexto local. A dissertação aborda novos paradigmas 'do global' para oferecer um contexto teórico onde são considerados a tecnologia usada por estes vídeos, os novos movimentos sociais de onde os vídeos estão surgindo e a forma como os vídeos são posicionados em relação ao ambiente globalizado e em rede da Internet. O contexto da análise textual é constituído por uma discussão do discurso jornalístico, do documentário e das novas mídias, e particularmente, de modos documentários, de tensões entre jornalismo e documentário, do impacto de mídia digital no documentário, e das propriedades de mídias novas e digitais. A análise traz como estudo de caso a produção de vídeos em Florianópolis de 2005, disponibilizada no website do CMI, e explora a variedade de modos documentários sugeridos pelos vídeos, estilos e estratégias utilizadas por estes e a integração dos vídeos com o ambiente onde estão disponibilizados. A dissertação argumenta que um aspecto significativo dos vídeos é a diversidade de estilos e perspectivas que eles representam. É argumentado ainda que a questão de localidade pode ser considerada nos vídeos a partir dos contextos compartilhados dos seus assuntos e da maneira que estes estão disponibilizados no website do CMI. Conclui-se que a multiplicidade das formas de expressão encontradas nos vídeos e a multiplicidade de perspectivas que oferecem em relação a seus sujeitos apontam o potencial democrático de websites como o Centro de Mídia Independente.
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Algeri, Carla. "O Local e o global." Florianópolis, SC, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/95303.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Jornalismo, Florianópolis, 2011<br>Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-25T23:54:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
294490.pdf: 5528678 bytes, checksum: df429fb46dd5b7f503b9889c793ac616 (MD5)<br>A evolução tecnológica, econômica e cultural vem alterando as dimensões de espaço e tempo na sociedade contemporânea. O desenvolvimento dos meios de comunicação muda as relações sociais básicas, onde a interação não se dá mais somente pela proximidade física, mas também pelas afinidades e interesses dos indivíduos. Em um momento em que a noção de espaço está cada vez mais desvinculada de um território geográfico, torna-se pertinente discutir a importância do jornalismo local frente à globalização dos meios de comunicação. Assim, procurou-se analisar o que é pauta em jornais locais, cuja principal característica é a forte ligação com a territorialidade. Abordou-se o conceito de noticiabilidade, entendido a partir de três níveis: a) nos valores substantivos das notícias, os valores-notícia; b) no tratamento dos fatos, como as características dos meios de comunicação e c) na visão dos fatos, a partir dos critérios éticos e deontológicos que norteiam a atividade jornalística. A análise centrou-se em dois jornais locais do Oeste catarinense, o Diário do Iguaçu, de Chapecó, e o Diário do Oeste Catarinense, de Concórdia. A região foi escolhida por ser a mais distante da capital e apresentar características econômicas e culturais distintas. O desenvolvimento da imprensa em Santa Catarina, bem como as características de formação do Oeste catarinense também foram abordadas. Utilizou-se a metodologia de análise de conteúdo e entrevistas com 14 jornalistas e três proprietários dos jornais pesquisados. Uma imprensa engajada em questões comunitárias e ao mesmo tempo preocupada com as pressões decorrentes da proximidade foi uma das conclusões encontradas na pesquisa.
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Andersson, Jenny, and Julia Borgvall. "Securing the global brand strategy : – global standardization or local adaptation." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-13036.
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Master thesis in Business Administration, 15hp, School of Business and Economics, LinnaeusUniversity, Växjö, Marketing, 4FE02E, spring 2011 Authors: Jenny Andersson and Julia Borgvall Tutor: Engelbert Weiss Company contact person: Peter Samuelsson, Gunnebo AB Title: Securing the global brand strategy – global standardization or local adaptation Background: The infrastructure available today provides opportunities for companies allaround the world to transcend national boarders easily and to operate on the global market. During the preceding decades, brand management in the international environment hasbeen frequently discussed. The choice of a clear branding strategy and clear goals of what acompany wants to achieve is of great importance. Furthermore, companies that act in a globalenvironment need to decide upon whether to be standardized across these markets or to adaptto each specific market. Purpose: To reach an understanding of the factors influencing the choice of internationalbranding strategy by global standardization or local adaptation. Methodology: A case study has been used in this research in order to meet the purpose. Sincethis thesis is of a qualitative character the empirical data has been collected through semi-structured interviews within three respondent segments in the case organization: management,communication and sales. Conclusion: A conclusion drawn from this research is the importance of internalcommunication, when it comes to the formulation and implementation of brand strategies. - Factors influencing the decision of a global standardize brand strategy can be; the possibilityto become a strong global player, decreased expenses of marketing, economics of scale. - Factors influencing the decision of a local adaptation strategy can be; cultural differences,history and heritage, better knowledge of the local market. Suggestions for further research: Further research could be to conduct a more thoroughstudy with more respondents from different multinational companies and also to look at thecustomers' point of view.
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Porporino, Mafalda. "Developmental differences in global and local perception : is global perception more attention demanding than local perception." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30796.
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The primary purpose of the present study was to examine various aspects of local and global perception in groups of children and young adults with average ages of 6, 8, 10, 12, and 22 years. The aspects examined included developmental differences in RT for local and global visual information, the influence of filtering on global and local perception, and role of distracter congruency and compatibility on processing local and global stimuli. At a general level, the findings revealed that participants processed global faster than local stimuli. With the presence of distracters, 6 and 8-year-old participants demonstrated slower RTs for global targets relative to local targets. Distracter congruency or compatibility did not differentially affect global and local processing. However, congruency did appear to be related to differential performance for 6-year old males versus females. These results indicate that the underlying processes involved in global and local perception may be separate, with global perception relying on attentional mechanisms to a greater extent than local perception.
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Fellner, Gerlinde, and Gabriele K. Lünser. "Cooperation in local and global groups." Inst. für Volkswirtschaftstheorie und -politik, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2008. http://epub.wu.ac.at/256/1/document.pdf.
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Multiple group memberships are the rule rather than the exception. Locally operating groups frequently offer the advantage of providing social recognition and higher marginal benefits to the individual, whereas globally operating groups may be more beneficial from a social perspective. Within a voluntary contribution environment we experimentally investigate the tension that arises when subjects belong to a smaller local and a larger global group. When the global public good is more efficient individuals first attempt to cooperate in the global public good. However, this tendency quickly unravels and cooperation in the local public good builds up. (author´s abstract)<br>Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
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Dutra, Juliana Noronha [UNESP]. "RAP: identidade local e resistência global." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95121.
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dutra_jn_me_ia.pdf: 979481 bytes, checksum: 6f8cea0f672dff4491ad607593766bdc (MD5)<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>Poderia a globalização, a maneira do que ocorre com a disseminação da tecnologia, promover uma dissolução das identidades culturais locais em uma única cultura global? No processo mais ou menos avassalador do capitalismo globalizado, alguns vêem como certa a morte das culturas e tradições locais de longa herança histórica e que conseguiram sobreviver alheias aos apelos da cultura moderna. Outros acreditam que as culturas locais tendem a integrar os elementos da cultura globalizada dentro de suas próprias perspectivas e, como resultado, novas formas de hibridismo cultural irão surgir em lugar de uma mera assimilação passiva da cultura dominante. O rap como um fenômeno cultural surgido no contexto da globalização pode servir como referencial para balizar essa discussão. O rap é um gênero musical criado por jovens negros e imigrantes de Nova Iorque que se colocou como uma forma de resistência ao modelo massificador da Indústria Cultural. A partir dos anos 80, o rap, assim como o Hip Hop, tomou uma expressão global se desenvolvendo também no Brasil. Nossa hipótese é que o rap não é simplesmente uma reprodução de um gênero musical, mas que ao ser produzido em determinada localidade adquire particularidades que são expressão de uma identidade local. Nesse trabalho pretendemos analisar a produção do grupo Trovadores criado por jovens da periferia de Diadema e verificar se teria um significado de resistência à globalização a partir da construção de uma identidade local.<br>Could the globalization, like what it with the dissemination of the technology, to promote a breakup of the local cultural identities in an only global culture? In the most overpowering process of the globalizated capitalism, some see as right the death of the cultures and local traditions of long historical inheritance and that got to survive strange to the appeals of the modern culture. Other people believe that the local cultures tend to integrate the elements of the globalizated culture inside of its own perspectives and, as result, new forms of cultural hybridism will appear instead of a mere passive assimilation of the dominant culture. The rap as a cultural phenomenon appeared in the context of the globalization can be good as reference to beacon that discussion. The rap is a musical gender created by black youths and immigrants from New York that it was placed as a resistance form to the model massificated of the Cultural Industry. Starting from the eighties, the rap, as well as Hip Hop, took a global expression if also developing in Brazil. Our hypothesis is that the rap is not simply a reproduction of a musical gender but that acquires particularities that are expression of a local identity when being produced at certain place. In this work we intended to analyze the production of the group Trovadores created for youths of the periphery of Diadema and to verify if they would have a resistance meaning to the globalization starting from the construction of a local identity.
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SANTOS, FILHO Jaime César dos. "Fibrações: do local para o global." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/25571.
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Previous issue date: 2015-08-12<br>CAPES<br>Fibrações: do Local para o Global coloca toda a teoria das fibrações dentro do contexto de espaços sobre uma base. Isso possibilita desenvolver de forma completa (no sentido de ser autocontida) a teoria tanto do ponto de vista de reobter os resultados principais de forma sistemática, quanto do ponto de vista de generalizá-los. O foco desse trabalho está nos resultados de localização. Para isso é fundamental entender a importância da Propriedade de Extensão de Seção (abreviada do inglês por SEP) e sob quais hipóteses podemos dizer que esta propriedade é local (Localização da SEP). Com a ajuda da SEP provamos que a Propriedade de Levantamento de Homotopias (CHP) é local (Teorema de Uniformização de Hurewicz). Por fim, caracterizamos localmente as fibrações. No capítulo dois introduzimos os nossos objetos de estudos, os espaços sobre uma base, damos vários exemplos e definimos produto fibrado. Definimos também o que chamamos de B-homotopia e B-equivalência homotópica. No capítulo três trabalhamos com a Propriedade de Extensão de Seção (SEP), mostrando que a SEP é uma propriedade local sob certas hipóteses gerais. Mostramos também que essa propriedade é hereditária. No capítulo quatro definimos as fibrações de Hurewicz e a Propriedade de Levantamento de Homotopias (CHP) e mostramos que são propriedades essencialmente equivalentes. Mostramos que estas propriedades são locais. No capítulo cinco definimos uma fibração fraca de modo mais geral que as fibrações de Hurewicz. Reobtemos resultados semelhantes aos obtidos para fibrações, inclusive o análogo ao Teorema da Uniformização de Hurewicz. No fim do capítulo caracterizamos localmente as fibrações fracas.<br>property is hereditary. In chapter four we define the Hurewicz Fibrations and the Covering Homotopy Property (CHP) and show them to be essentially equivalent properties. We have shown that these properties are local. In chapter five we define a weak fibration more generally than the Hurewicz fibrations. We obtain similar results to those obtained for fiber, including the analogue to the Hurewicz Uniformization Theorem. At the end of the chapter we characterize weak fiber locally. Fibrações: do Local para o Global puts the entire theory of fiber within the context of spaces on a basis. This makes it possible to develop fully (in the sense of being self-contained) the theory both from the point of view of retrieving the main results in a systematic way, and from the point of view of generalizing them. The focus of this work is on localization results. For this it is fundamental to understand the importance of Section Extension Property (SEP) and under what hypotheses we can say that this property is local (SEP localization). With the help of SEP we prove that the Covering Homotopy Property (CHP) is local (Hurewicz Uniformization Theorem). Finally, we characterize the localities. In chapter two we introduce our objects of study, the spaces on a base, we give several examples and define bundled product. We also define what we call B-homotopy and B-homotopic equivalence. In chapter three we work with the Section Extension Property (SEP), showing that the SEP is a local property under certain general assumptions. We also show that this property is hereditary. In chapter four we define the Hurewicz Fibrations and the Covering Homotopy Property (CHP) and show them to be essentially equivalent properties. We have shown that these properties are local. In chapter five we define a weak fibration more generally than the Hurewicz fibrations. We obtain similar results to those obtained for fiber, including the analogue to the Hurewicz Uniformization Theorem. At the end of the chapter we characterize weak fiber locally.
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Dutra, Juliana Noronha. "RAP : identidade local e resistência global /." São Paulo : [s.n], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95121.
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Resumo: Poderia a globalização, a maneira do que ocorre com a disseminação da tecnologia, promover uma dissolução das identidades culturais locais em uma única cultura global? No processo "mais ou menos avassalador" do capitalismo globalizado, alguns vêem como certa a morte das culturas e tradições locais de longa herança histórica e que conseguiram sobreviver alheias aos apelos da cultura moderna. Outros acreditam que as culturas locais tendem a integrar os elementos da cultura globalizada dentro de suas próprias perspectivas e, como resultado, novas formas de hibridismo cultural irão surgir em lugar de uma mera assimilação passiva da cultura dominante. O rap como um fenômeno cultural surgido no contexto da globalização pode servir como referencial para balizar essa discussão. O rap é um gênero musical criado por jovens negros e imigrantes de Nova Iorque que se colocou como uma forma de resistência ao modelo massificador da Indústria Cultural. A partir dos anos 80, o rap, assim como o Hip Hop, tomou uma expressão global se desenvolvendo também no Brasil. Nossa hipótese é que o rap não é simplesmente uma reprodução de um gênero musical, mas que ao ser produzido em determinada localidade adquire particularidades que são expressão de uma identidade local. Nesse trabalho pretendemos analisar a produção do grupo Trovadores criado por jovens da periferia de Diadema e verificar se teria um significado de resistência à globalização a partir da construção de uma identidade local.<br>Abstract: Could the globalization, like what it with the dissemination of the technology, to promote a breakup of the local cultural identities in an only global culture? In the most "overpowering process of the globalizated capitalism, some see as right the death of the cultures and local traditions of long historical inheritance and that got to survive strange to the appeals of the modern culture. Other people believe that the local cultures tend to integrate the elements of the globalizated culture inside of its own perspectives and, as result, new forms of cultural hybridism will appear instead of a mere passive assimilation of the dominant culture. The rap as a cultural phenomenon appeared in the context of the globalization can be good as reference to beacon that discussion. The rap is a musical gender created by black youths and immigrants from New York that it was placed as a resistance form to the model massificated of the Cultural Industry. Starting from the eighties, the rap, as well as Hip Hop, took a global expression if also developing in Brazil. Our hypothesis is that the rap is not simply a reproduction of a musical gender but that acquires particularities that are expression of a local identity when being produced at certain place. In this work we intended to analyze the production of the group Trovadores created for youths of the periphery of Diadema and to verify if they would have a resistance meaning to the globalization starting from the construction of a local identity.<br>Orientador: Marcos Fernandes Pupo Nogueira<br>Coorientador: Mario Fernando Bolognesi<br>Mestre
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Schultz, Steven Peter. "Attentional Window and Global/Local Processing." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6383.
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How does the focus of attention influence the encoding of information? Research has shown that size and allocation of the attentional window has an influence on what information is attended to or missed. The size-scale of features also effects processing of visual information. Previous research involving hierarchical stimuli suggests precedence for global features. In the present experiment, I investigated the influence of attentional window size on accuracy of encoding hierarchical stimuli at the global and local level. Here I introduce a new method for manipulating the size of the attentional window and for collecting unconstrained responses. At the start of each trial, observers tracked a dashed-line rectangular box, which either broadened or narrowed in size after onset. This sequence was immediately followed by a brief presentation of two hierarchical letters presented simultaneously on the left and right sides of the screen. The box preceding the hierarchical letters either broadened to a size large enough to include both letters at the global level, or narrowed to a size small enough to include a maximum of two letters at the local level at either side of the screen. Observers reported all letters they were able to identify. Results from two experiments indicate an overall precedence of global letters. However, a narrow attentional window reduced global precedence, as would be expected with more focused attention. The narrow windows also produced more same-side identifications of both global and local letters. The second experiment also showed that reducing the processing time decreased the global advantage.
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Acciaro, Vincenzo Carleton University Dissertation Computer Science. "Local global methods in number theory." Ottawa, 1995.
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Godelier, Éric. "Usinor-Arcelor : du local au global /." Paris : Hermes science publications-Lavoisier, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40191322w.
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Makri, Aikaterini, Karolos-Konstantinos Papadas, and Bodo B. Schlegelmilch. "Global-local consumer identities as drivers of global digital brand usage." Emerald Publishing Limited, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IMR-03-2018-0104.
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Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to represent the first empirical attempt to explore global-local consumer
identities as drivers of global digital brand usage. Specifically, this study considers a unique category of digital
products, social networking sites (SNS), and develops a set of hypotheses to assess the mechanism through
which location-based identities influence the actual usage of global SNS (Facebook and Instagram).
Moreover, cross-country variations are investigated under the lens of developed vs developing countries.
Design/methodology/Approach: Cross-country surveys in a developed (Austria) and a developing
country (Thailand) were conducted. Data collected from 425 young adults were analyzed using SEM
techniques in order to test a set of hypotheses.
Findings: Results show that in Thailand, users with a global identity enjoy participating in global SNS
more than their counterparts in Austria. In addition, consumers with a local identity in Thailand demonstrate
less pleasure when participating in global SNS than their counterparts in Austria, and consequently are less
inclined to use global SNS.
Practical implications: Findings provide digital marketers with useful insights into important strategic
decisions regarding the selection and potential adaptation of global digital brands according to the country context.
Originality/value: This research is the first to extend the location-based identity research in the context of
global digital brands, explain how global-local identities predict SNS usage through an engagement
mechanism and investigate cross-country variations of this mechanism.
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Rubinsson, Sebastian. "Global marketing through collaboration of local marketing agencies : How can local marketing agencies work together for global clients?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-41110.
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Background: The world becomes more connected as technology advances and with the internet as a distribution channel more companies internationalises. However, there are still cultural differences around the world that marketers must take into consideration. The marketing industry faces difficult challenges in adaptation to international marketing, as collaboration between local marketing agencies could be a solution. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to contribute with understanding of how local marketing agencies can work together for global clients, and how these agencies can adapt local marketing for these clients. In order to understand how marketing agencies can work together, this study will contribute with understanding of this collaboration between local marketing agencies and how they can help each other grow their businesses. Method: This study uses a qualitative method with unstructured interviews of five people operational within a network of local marketing agencies. Theory: The theoretical framework for this study consists of theories in international marketing, collaboration and learning. Results and conclusions: By collaborating in a network, local marketing agencies get access to international markets and can support global clients. By having multiple local agencies working together for global clients, these agencies all provide local knowledge and create local communication. The collaboration in a network is most effective if the competition is eliminated, which can be done through shared ownership and personal connection within the network.
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Edwards, Evan B. "Internetworking : automated local and global network monitoring /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1996. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA321635.
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Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1996.<br>Thesis advisor(s): D.P. Brutzman, Lou Stevens. "September 1996." Includes bibliographical references (p. 229-231). Also available online.
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Schinck, Amelie. "The local-global principle in number theory." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ64047.pdf.
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Scott, Guy Lindsay. "Local and global interpretation of moving images /." Brighton [East Sussex] : University of Sussex, School of Social Sciences, Cognitive Studies Programme, 1986. http://doi.library.cmu.edu/10.1184/OCLC/17842732.
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Barra, Aleams. "Equivalence Theorems and the Local-Global Property." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/math_etds/5.
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In this thesis we revisit some classical results about the MacWilliams equivalence theorems for codes over fields and rings. These theorems deal with the question whether, for a given weight function, weight-preserving isomorphisms between codes can be described explicitly. We will show that a condition, which was already known to be sufficient for the MacWilliams equivalence theorem, is also necessary. Furthermore we will study a local-global property that naturally generalizes the MacWilliams equivalence theorems. Making use of F-partitions, we will prove that for various subgroups of the group of invertible matrices the local-global extension principle is valid.
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Liang, Yongqi. "Principe local-global pour les zéro-cycles." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00630560.
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Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à l'étude de l'arithmétique (le principe de Hasse, l'approximation faible, et l'obstruction de Brauer-Manin) des zéro-cycles sur les variétés algébriques définies sur des corps de nombres. Nous introduisons la notion de sous-ensemble hilbertien généralisé. En utilisant la méthode de fibration, nous démontrons que l'obstruction de Brauer-Manin est la seule au principe de Hasse et à l'approximation faible pour les zéro-cycles de degré 1; et établissons l'exactitude d'une suite de type global-local concernant les groupes de Chow des zéro-cycles, pour certaines variétés qui admettent une structure de fibration au-dessus d'une courbe lisse ou au-dessus de l'espace projectif, où les hypothèses arithmétiques sont posées seulement sur les fibres au-dessus d'un sous-ensemble hilbertien généralisé.De plus, nous relions l'arithmétique des points rationnels et l'arithmétique des zérocycles de degré 1 sur les variétés géométriquement rationnellement connexes. Comme application, nous trouvons que l'obstruction de Brauer-Manin est la seule au principe de Hasse et à l'approximation faible pour les zéro-cycles de degré 1 sur- les espaces homogènes d'un groupe algébrique linéaire à stabilisateur connexe,- certains fibrés en surfaces de Châtelet au-dessus d'une courbe lisse ou au-dessus de l'espace projectif (en particulier, les solides de Poonen).
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FARINAS, MAYTE SUAREZ. "THE LINEAR LOCAL-GLOBAL NEURAL NETWORK MODEL." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2003. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=3694@1.
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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO<br>Nesta tese apresenta-se o Modelo de Redes Neurais Globais-
Locais (RNGL) dentro do contexto de modelos de séries
temporais. Esta formulação abrange alguns modelos não-
lineares já existentes e admite também o enfoque de Mistura
de Especialistas. Dedica-se especial atenção ao caso de
especialistas lineares, e são discutidos extensivamente
aspectos teóricos do modelo: condições de estacionariedade,
identificabilidade do modelo, existência, consistência e
normalidade assintótica dos estimadores dos parâmetros.
Considera-se também uma estratégia de construção do modelo
e são discutidos os procedimentos numéricos de estimação,
apresentando uma solução para o cálculo de valores
iniciais. Finalmente, ilustra-se a metodologia apresentada
em duas séries temporais reais, amplamente utilizada na
literatura de modelos não lineares.<br>In this thesis, the Local Global Neural Networks model is
proposed within the context of time series models. This
formulation encompasses some already existing nonlinear
models and also admits the Mixture of Experts approach. We
place emphasis on the linear expert case and extensively
discuss the theoretical aspects of the model: stationary
conditions, existence, consistency and asymptotic normality
of the parameter estimates, and model identifiability. A
model building strategy is also considered and the whole
procedure is illustrated with two real time-series.
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Scott, G. L. "Local and global interpretation of moving images." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373294.
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Carvalho, Edson Donizete de. "Estudo local e global de propriedades aritmeticas." [s.n.], 1997. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/306497.
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Orientador: Antonio Jose Engler<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação Cientifica<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-23T04:17:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 1997<br>Resumo: No Capítulo 1, vimos os tipo de valorizações de um corpo (arquimediana e não-arquimediana) com destaques para a valorização exponêncial p-ádica e obtemos os corpos dos racionais p-ádicos através do completamento de Q por sequências de Cauchy p-ádicas.
No capítulo 2, mostramos que o conjunto de valores, discriminante, e dimensão são invariantes na classe de equivalência de uma forma quadrática e que toda forma quadrática se decompõe como uma soma de formas quadráticas totalmente isotrópica, hiperbólica e anisotrópica.
No capítulo 3 usamos o Símbolo de Legendre e a Lei de Reciprocidade Quadrática para determinarmos quando.um elemento de um corpo finito é um quadrado e mostramos que toda forma quadrática sobre corpos finitos com dimensão maior ou igual a 2 é universal e se a dimensco for maior ou igual a 3 será isotrópica.
No capítulo 4 mostramos que toda forma quadrática sobre Qp com dimensão maior ou igual a 5 é isotrópica e vimos que condições devemos ter para que uma forma .quadrática independente de sua dimensão seja isotrópica e represente um elemento qualquer no corpo dos racionais p-ádicos.
Já no capítulo 5, vimos que discutir. a isotropia de uma forma quadrática
sobre Q equivale a verificar se esta mesma forma quadrática vista sobre os completamentos p-ádicos, para todo p(incluindo p = 8) é isotropia, do mesmo modo para um elemento racional seja representado por uma forma quadrática sobre Q, este elemento terá que ser representado por essa mesma forma quadrática visto nos completamentos p-ádicos. E para que duas formas quadráticas sejam equivalentes nos racionais, estas terão que ser equivalentes em cada completamento dos racionais p-ádicos.
Por fim, fizemos algumas aplicações do que vimos em nosso trabalho.<br>Abstract: Not informed<br>Mestrado<br>Mestre em Matemática
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Birnie, Steven James. "Local and global explorations through design research." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2014. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/1788c181-878d-4f5b-9de7-2ad099a68e52.
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This doctoral thesis is a practice-led and corporate-grounded enquiry into the role of design research methods in a global technology company. The work aims to understand and communicate through a series of case studies how locally conducted participatory action research can be integrated into the processes of an in-house design team at the global NCR Corporation. It questions the current approaches taken in the design and development of consumer transaction technologies in the context of a global organisation and new markets. The thesis starts by introducing the reader to the global corporation in which the study is focused and author employed, the NCR Corporation. The contextual grounding of the corporate environment, its heritage, history and continued evolution will illustrate the dynamic yet traditional role design has played within the corporation. As a senior member of the Consumer Experience Design (Cx Design) team in the corporation the author is well placed to evaluate the role of design and how it can evolve. The immediate contextualisation is then followed by a broad examination of the literature in the field of design in a corporate culture, research methods and socially-led innovation. This will define the boundaries of interest and influence in the thesis. A participatory action research approach was taken to address the research questions. Informed by a series of hyperlocal and global community engagements framed and directed from within the corporate culture, the author defines an understanding of the levels of community engagement through design research. The resulting outputs are then applied within the context of the NCR Corporation where the impact and influence on such engagements can be understood. The author concludes that his contribution to new knowledge, the development of a Participatory Action Based Strategic Design Process, can be applied within a global technology company. The process adapts McNiff’s and Whitehead’s (2011) seven phases of action research reporting and Ravi Chhatpar’s strategic decision-making process. The thesis demonstrates the value and influence of design research methods in the design of consumer transaction technologies. The thesis provides an understanding of how design research methods have been applied in a corporate environment, how the insights are applied, and demonstrates how the research has influenced the author’s practice and therefore the wider Cx Design group.
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Barbakh, Wesam. "Local versus global interactions in clustering algorithms." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.742762.
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Stewart, Chris G. "Incorporating global information into local nonlinear controllers." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41900.
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Pilotto, Concetta Chandy K. Mani Chandy K. Mani. "Local-to-global in multi-agent systems /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2007. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05232007-084106.
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Paulin, Alexander. "Local to global compatability on the eigencurve." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.498427.
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Zhang, Yue. "Design for Global Markets Balancing Unilateral Global Brands with Local Cultural Values." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1250534240.
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Thesis (Master of Design)--University of Cincinnati, 2009.<br>Advisor: Craig M Vogel. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Jan. 15, 2010). Includes abstract. Keywords: product design; culture; brand; international; globalization; localization; markets. Includes bibliographical references.
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Hlophe, Nthabiseng. "The role of local context in the local strategies of global brands." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29785.
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The greatest task of many international marketing practitioners in host organisations, entails understanding the factors that influence the localisation or standardisation of marketing programmes. The purpose of this paper is to gain insight into the role of local context in the local strategies of global brands. This paper uses a qualitative case study design of two global brands.Findings – The findings show that the role that emerging macro-level factors of local context play in the local strategies of global brands is in determining the levels at which marketing programs will be standardised or localised.Micro-level factors of local context play the role of a) setting the preconditions for product development and b) determining the extant of productivity that can be achieved in the local contextThe strategic implications that must be considered at the local level when applying a global brand include brand identity standards as well as making specific choices about global or local consumer culture positioning.Practical implications- For practitioners, the practical implications encompass strategic considerations in the course of making decisions to standardise or localise marketing programs.Originality/value – This paper highlights new variations in contextual factors within-countries. It also provides an international perspective that is rooted in local context regarding global marketing intermediaries. Lastly, it explores the strategic implications considered when applying a global brand.<br>Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.<br>Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)<br>unrestricted
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Ahlbert, Gabriella. "Method Evaluation of Global-Local Finite Element Analysis." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Hållfasthetslära, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-78103.
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When doing finite element analysis upon the structure of Saab’s aeroplanes a coarse global model of mainly shell elements is used to determine the load distribution for sizing the structure. At some parts of the aeroplane it is however desirable to implement a more detailed analysis. These areas are usually modelled with solid elements; the problem of connecting the fine local solid elements to the coarse global model will shell elements then arises. This master thesis is preformed to investigate possible Global-Local methods to use for the structural analysis on Gripen. First a literature study of current methods on the market is made, thereafter a few methods are implemented on a generic test structure and later on also tested on a real detail of Gripen VU. The methods tested in this thesis are Mesh refinement in HyperWorks, RBE3 in HyperWorks, Glue in MSC Patran/Nastran and DMIG in MSC Nastran. The software is however not evaluated in this thesis, and a further investigation is recommended to find the most fitting software for this purpose. All analysis are performed with linear assumptions. Mesh refinement is an integrated technique where the elements are gradually decreasing in size. Per definition, this technique cannot handle gaps, but it has almost identical results to the fine reference model. RBE3 is a type of rigid body elements with zero stiffness, and is used as an interface element. RBE3 is possible to use to connect both Shell-To-Shell and Shell-To-Solid, and can handle offsets and gaps in the boundary between the global and local model. Glue is a contact definition and is also available in other software under other names. The global respectively the local model is defined as contact bodies and a contact table is used to control the coupling. Glue works for both Shell-To-Shell and Shell-To-Solid couplings, but has problem dealing with offsets and gaps in the boundary between the global and local model. DMIG is a superelement technique where the global model is divided into smaller sub-models which are mathematically connected. DMIG is only possible to use when the nodes on the boundary on the local model have the same position as the nodes at the boundary of the global model. Thus, it is not possible to only use DMIG as a Global-Local method, but can advantageously be combined with other methods. The results indicate that the preferable method to use for Global-Local analysis is RBE3. To decrease the size of the files and demand of computational power, RBE3 can be combined with a superelement technique, for example DMIG. Finally, it is important to consider the size of the local model. There will inevitably be boundary effect when performing a Global-Local analysis of the suggested type, and it is therefore important to make the local model big enough so that the boundary effects have faded before reaching the area of interest.
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Sharpe, Ruth Victoria. "Local and global dynamics in social spider metapopulations." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62926.
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The relative costs and benefits of group living change with group size. In the social spider Anelosimus eximius, as colonies grow, the number of insects captured per capita decreases, but the size of insects increases, causing biomass captured per capita to peak at intermediate colony sizes. One aspect of group living that changes with group size is competition for resources. Whether intraspecific competition occurs via scramble vs. contest competition can affect the stability and survival of the group or population. By feeding large and small prey to artificial colonies of the social spider Anelosimus eximius, we investigated whether prey size could alter the type of competition that takes place and, thus, potentially, influence colony population dynamics. We found that large prey were shared more evenly, and that individuals in poor condition were more likely to feed when prey were large. Next, we investigated whether the condition of individuals vary as a function of colony size by measuring condition of individual spiders in a wide range of nest sizes. We found that, due to reducing per capita food supply as colonies grow, individuals have lower condition in larger colonies. We also found that condition variance decreases with colony size, further suggesting that scramble competition predominates in large colonies. Although dispersing females were larger and in better condition than philopatric ones, nests established by dispersing females had low survival rate, suggesting that dispersal is costly. Dispersers, therefore, likely face multiple constraints. They have to be large enough to stand a chance of survival following dispersal, but, due to dispersal costs and benefits of group living, should not disperse except from large colonies. Diminishing resources in large colonies, however, coupled with scramble competition, should make it hard for individuals to accumulate sufficient resources to disperse. This combination of factors may contribute to the observed sudden extinction of large colonies that fail to disperse representing a paradox of how social spider metapopulations persist. Using an individual-based simulation model, we demonstrate that rare increases in food supply due to environmental stochasticity may precipitate occasional mass dispersal from large colonies, allowing the metapopulation to persist.<br>Science, Faculty of<br>Zoology, Department of<br>Graduate
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Ferreira, Marina Vianna. "Resiliência de sistemas alimentares : do local ao global." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1789.
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Previous issue date: 2011-03-02<br>Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais<br>As transformações aceleradas observadas no mundo hoje têm ameaçado a manutenção dos serviços ecossistêmicos, do modo que possíveis soluções, inseridas nos paradigmas da sustentabilidade, acabam sendo muito estáticas. Assim, se tornam insuficientes para lidar com tantas incertezas e mudanças imprevisíveis. Dentro dessa perspectiva, ressaltamos os sistemas complexos e a importância da resiliência como uma característica dos mesmos para que sobrevivam frente às perturbações. Essa tese tem ênfase na resiliência de sistemas alimentares. O objetivo geral foi fazer uma análise da resiliência de sistemas alimentares em diferentes escalas. No capítulo 1, contextualizamos o sistema alimentar como um sistema complexo, instigando o pensamento sistêmico sobre o mesmo e apresentando a trajetória de transformações dos sistemas alimentares no mundo. Como não consideramos adequados os métodos anteriormente propostos para análise de resiliência, é também objetivo desta pesquisa propor um método para avaliar e comparar a resiliência de sistemas socioecológicos. Esse método é uma adaptação de propostas prévias e inclui a descrição dos sistemas em questão, a análise dos feedbacks do sistema, e uma matriz com base em critérios que atuam na construção da resiliência, o que é feito no Capítulo 2. No Capítulo 3, nós aplicamos esse método de comparação da resiliência em quatro comunidades locais do município de Cananéia (SP). As quatro comunidades produzem algum tipo de alimento, mas utilizam os recursos de diferentes formas, dentre pesca e agricultura. Além da comparação da resiliência, esses sistemas foram comparados também em relação a similaridade entre a alimentação típica, tradicional e local. A pergunta que orienta este capítulo foi: as comunidades que apresentam maior similaridade entre uma alimentação típica, tradicional e local são também as mais resilientes? No Capítulo 4, exploramos dois indicadores de resiliência: os ciclos de feedback e a capacidade de aprendizado socioecológico, usando-os como base para a comparação da resiliência de um sistema alimentar de escala local com um de escala global. A idéia central é que os sistemas locais possuem cadeias mais curtas, de forma que há mais condições para o aprendizado socioecológico que se dá através dos ciclos feedback. No Capítulo 5, analisamos a política alimentar brasileira do ponto de vista de um suposto sistema alimentar brasileiro, e também com base nos critérios da resiliência. No Apêndice II, apresentamos nossas experiências de atividades de extensão, a produção de um livro sobre o sistema alimentar caiçara, e o desenvolvimento de atividades relacionadas em uma escola pública do município. O método proposto, usando critérios que agem construindo resiliência nos sistemas, foi adequado para a análise de sistemas socioecológicos, de modo que foi possível estabeler entre as comunidades estudadas, qual a mais resiliente e qual a menos, entendendo quais os pontos de cada uma que favorecem ou prejudicam a resiliência. Esse resultado não conferiru com a ordem de similaridade entre alimentção típica, tradicional e local. No entanto, o fortalecimento de sistemas locais foi relacionado ao aumento de resiliência, através da capacidade de aprendizado socioecológico e fortalecimento de feedbacks. Não foi possível definir com clareza o funcionamento de um suposto sistema alimentar brasileiro. Há diversos subsistemas, como funcionamentos diferentes. Nossas políticas públicas têm dificuldade de tratá-los como uma unidade, além de produzir instituições pouco adaptativas, o que prejudica a resiliência do mesmo.
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Ding, Baoyan. "A parametric solution for local and global optimization." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21341.pdf.
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Kube, Claus Ronald. "Collective robotics, from local perception to global action." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21586.pdf.
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Boyd, Emily. "Forests post Kyoto : global priorities and local realities." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405690.
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NOGUEIRA, MARIA ALICE DE FARIA. "CONSUMPTION AND PUBLICITY: LOCAL APPROPRIATION AND GLOBAL MESSAGE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2010. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=16030@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a importância da localidade da
cultura na apropriação da comunicação publicitária global e a maneira com que se
dá a recepção da mensagem à luz de novas referências culturais mundializadas. A
abordagem ao tema é feita a partir de uma visão histórica do consumo e da análise
da publicidade como ferramenta de afirmação dos valores culturais por meio da
divulgação para aquisição, posse e uso dos bens. Para traçar este caminho, foram
utilizados teóricos das ciências sociais e da comunicação que estudaram as
mudanças nos padrões de consumo como um importante campo de reflexão sobre
o indivíduo e suas práticas sociais na cultura contemporânea. Como estudo de
caso, foi utilizada a campanha global Viva o Lado Coca-Cola da Vida.<br>This work analyzes the importance of local culture in the appropriation of
global advertising campaigns and the way message is received within new world
cultural references. The topic is discussed within the framework of a historical
view of consumption and the analysis of advertising as a tool to affirm cultural
values by means of campaigns for acquisition, ownership and use of goods. In
order to carry out the work, we focused on authors, in the field of social sciences
and communication, who saw the changes on patterns of consumption as
important to the understanding of people and his/her social practices in
contemporary culture. The global campaign Live the Coca-Cola side of life was
used as a case study.
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Knizel, Alisa. "Random tilings : gap probabilities, local and global asymptotics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/112900.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mathematics, 2017.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 119-125).<br>In the thesis we explore and develop two different approaches to the study of random tiling models. First, we consider tilings of a hexagon by rombi, viewed as 3D random stepped surfaces with a measure proportional to q-volume. Such model is closely related to q-Hahn orthogonal polynomial ensembles, and we use this connection to obtain results about the local behavior of this model. In terms of the q-Hahn orthogonal polynomial ensemble, our goal is to show that the one-interval gap probability function can be expressed through a solution of the asymmetric q-Painleve V equation. The case of the q-Hahn ensemble we consider is the most general case of the orthogonal polynomial ensembles that have been studied in this context. Our approach is based on the analysis of q-connections on P1 with a particular singularity structure. It requires a new derivation of a q-difference equation of Sakai's hierarchy [75] of type A(1)/2. We also calculate its Lax pair. Following [7], we introduce the notion of the [tau]-function of a q-connection and its isomonodromy transformations. We show that the gap probability function of the q-Hahn ensemble can be viewed as the [tau]-function for an associated q-connection and its isomonodromy transformations. Second, in collaboration with Alexey Bufetov we consider asymptotics of a domino tiling model on a class of domains which we call rectangular Aztec diamonds. We prove the Law of Large Numbers for the corresponding height functions and provide explicit formulas for the limit. For a special class of examples, an explicit parametrization of the frozen boundary is given. It turns out to be an algebraic curve with very special properties. Moreover, we establish the convergence of the fluctuations of the height functions to the Gaussian Free Field in appropriate coordinates. Our main tool is a recently developed moment method for discrete particle systems.<br>by Alisa Knizel.<br>Ph. D.
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Yuen, Jenny S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Global and local motion priors and their applications." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44727.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2008.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-64).<br>With the rising popularity and accessibility of cameras as well as the arrival of popular video sharing websites like YouTube.com, Google Video, veoh.com, and many others, large quantities of video are produced and available everyday. With all this data, it becomes necessary to find ways of understanding the content of videos in large data sets for applications in areas like multimedia management, video surveillance, and many others. At the same time, all this amount of information produced everyday can be used for solving problems that can be difficult without a large amount of training data such as scene matching and alignment. This work studies motion properties across different sources of video. Both the global motion (also known as the camera motion) and the local motion are studied, to extract common properties of similar video sequences. As a consequence, several applications using these types of information arise. In the case of global motion, an application for clustering videos based on their genre is examined. For the local motion, this work describes a way to use a database of flow fields together with matching and alignment techniques for inferring an optical flow field from a single image (as opposed to the standard problem of motion estimation using two adjacent video frames) as well as synthesizing video also from a single image.<br>by Jenny Yuen.<br>S.M.
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Wattanawaroon, Tana. "Local versus global tables in Minimax Game Search." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92088.
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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2014.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (page 33).<br>Minimax Game Search with alpha-beta pruning can utilize heuristic tables in order to prune more branches and achieve better performance. The tables can be implemented using different memory models: global tables, worker-local tables and processor-local tables. Depending on whether each heuristic table depends on locality in the game tree, a memory model might be more suitable than others. This thesis describes an experiment that shows that local tables are generally preferable to global tables for two game heuristics used in chess-like games: killer move and best move history. The experiment is evidence that local tables might be useful for multithreaded applications, particularly ones that involve caching and exhibit locality.<br>by Tana Wattanawaroon.<br>M. Eng.
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Abbe, Emmanuel Auguste. "Local to global geometric methods in information theory." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44404.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2008.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 201-203).<br>This thesis treats several information theoretic problems with a unified geometric approach. The development of this approach was motivated by the challenges encountered while working on these problems, and in turn, the testing of the initial tools to these problems suggested numerous refinements and improvements on the geometric methods. In ergodic probabilistic settings, Sanov's theorem gives asymptotic estimates on the probabilities of very rare events. The theorem also characterizes the exponential decay of the probabilities, as the sample size grows, and the exponential rate is given by the minimization of a certain divergence expression. In his seminal paper, A Mathematical Theory of Communication, Shannon introduced two influential ideas to simplify the complex task of evaluating the performance of a coding scheme: the asymptotic perspective (in the number of channel uses) and the random coding argument. In this setting, Sanov's theorem can be used to analyze ergodic information theoretic problems, and the performance of a coding scheme can be estimated by expressions involving the divergence. One would then like to use a geometric intuition to solve these problems, but the divergence is not a distance and our naive geometric intuition may lead to incorrect conclusions. In information geometry, a specific differential geometric structure is introduced by means of "dual affine connections". The approach we take in this thesis is slightly different and is based on introducing additional asymptotic regimes to analyze the divergence expressions. The following two properties play an important role. The divergence may not be a distance, but locally (i.e., when its arguments are "close to each other"), the divergence behaves like a squared distance.<br>(cont.) Moreover, globally (i.e., when its arguments have no local restriction), it also preserves certain properties satisfied by squared distances. Therefore, we develop the Very Noisy and Hermite transformations, as techniques to map our global information theoretic problems in local ones. Through this localization, our global divergence expressions reduce in the limit to expressions defined in an inner product space. This provides us with a valuable geometric insight to the global problems, as well as a strong tool to find counter-examples. Finally, in certain cases, we have been able to "lift" results proven locally to results proven globally.<br>(cont.) Therefore, we develop the Very Noisy and Hermite transformations, as techniques to map our global information theoretic problems in local ones. Through this localization, our global divergence expressions reduce in the limit to expressions defined in an inner product space. This provides us with a valuable geometric insight to the global problems, as well as a strong tool to find counter-examples. Finally, in certain cases, we have been able to "lift" results proven locally to results proven globally. We consider the following three problems. First, we address the problem of finding good linear decoders (maximizing additive metrics) for compound discrete memoryless channels. Known universal decoders are not linear and most of them heavily depend on the finite alphabet assumption. We show that by using a finite number of additive metrics, we can construct decoders that are universal (capacity achieving) on most compound sets. We then consider additive Gaussian noise channels. For a given perturbation of a Gaussian input distribution, we define an operator that measures how much variation is induced in the output entropy. We found that the singular functions of this operator are the Hermite polynomials, and the singular values are the powers of a signal to noise ratio. We show, in particular, how to use this structure on a Gaussian interference channel to characterize a regime where interference should not be treated as noise. Finally, we consider multi-input multi-output channels and discuss the properties of the optimal input distributions, for various random fading matrix ensembles. In particular, we prove Telatar's conjecture on the covariance structure minimizing the outage probability for output dimension one and input dimensions less than one hundred.<br>by Emmanuel Auguste Abbe.<br>Ph.D.
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Hughes, Jacqueline. "After genetics : Huntington's disease, local data, global neuroscience." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2010. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54413/.
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A 36 month ethnographic study of a research clinic with a combined role of disease management, included non participant observation of clinic routines, neurological consultations, motor and cognitive research testing of patients, plus interviews with patients, carers, clinicians, researchers and others associated with the clinic. A 'shift' of Huntington's disease into neurology was observed plus standardisation of research activities on an international scale. The clinic acts as a recruitment site for other experimental research. Research questions were - does a neurological instead of genetic framework make a difference to how the disease is regarded, and, what does research participation mean for patients and clinicians A neurological framework appeared to encourage research participation because patients and carers considered it an opportunity for experimental treatment, including stem cell transplantation to the brain. Three analytic themes revealed: 'blurring' in operation of research and care, performances by all clinic actors linked to social and research expectations, plus the neurology framework increased patients' hopes in research aims. Sub themes included biomedicalisation, research translation, emotional work, research limitations, social benefits and transplant hope. Clinic researchers noticed tension in their dual research/care role, patients and carers noticed they were given time but little practical care.