Journal articles on the topic 'Load sharing, Energy balancing'
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Hossain, Md Sanwar, Khondoker Ziaul Islam, Abu Jahid, Khondokar Mizanur Rahman, Sarwar Ahmed, and Mohammed H. Alsharif. "Renewable Energy-Aware Sustainable Cellular Networks with Load Balancing and Energy-Sharing Technique." Sustainability 12, no. 22 (November 10, 2020): 9340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12229340.
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With the proliferation of cellular networks, the ubiquitous availability of new-generation multimedia devices, and their wide-ranging data applications, telecom network operators are increasingly deploying the number of cellular base stations (BSs) to deal with unprecedented service demand. The rapid and radical deployment of the cellular network significantly exerts energy consumption and carbon footprints to the atmosphere. The ultimate objective of this work is to develop a sustainable and environmentally-friendly cellular infrastructure through compelling utilization of the locally available renewable energy sources (RES) namely solar photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT), and biomass generator (BG). This article addresses the key challenges of envisioning the hybrid solar PV/WT/BG powered macro BSs in Bangladesh considering the dynamic profile of the RES and traffic intensity in the tempo-spatial domain. The optimal system architecture and technical criteria of the proposed system are critically evaluated with the help of HOMER optimization software for both on-grid and off-grid conditions to downsize the electricity generation cost and waste outflows while ensuring the desired quality of experience (QoE) over 20 years duration. Besides, the green energy-sharing mechanism under the off-grid condition and the grid-tied condition has been critically analyzed for optimal use of green energy. Moreover, the heuristic algorithm of the load balancing technique among collocated BSs has been incorporated for elevating the throughput and energy efficiency (EE) as well. The spectral efficiency (SE), energy efficiency, and outage probability performance of the contemplated wireless network are substantially examined using Matlab based Monte–Carlo simulation under a wide range of network configurations. Simulation results reveal that the proper load balancing technique pledges zero outage probability with expected system performance whereas energy cooperation policy offers an attractive solution for developing green mobile communications employing better utilization of renewable energy under the proposed hybrid solar PV/WT/BG scheme.
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Gruosso, Giambattista, and Fredy Orlando Ruiz. "Electric Vehicle Fleets as Balancing Instrument in Micro-Grids." Energies 14, no. 22 (November 15, 2021): 7616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14227616.
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Micro-grids have become the building block of modern energy systems, where distributed resources are the characterizing feature. The charging operation of electric vehicles can be exploited as a flexible load to achieve operational goals of the micro-grid. In the particular case of car-sharing fleets, the degrees of freedom in the charging procedures are reduced when compared to private users. In this work, we illustrate how a car sharing fleet can be incorporated as a flexible load in the micro-grid management system. A linear optimization problem is formulated, where the cost function makes a trade-off between the gain in flexibility in the micro-grid and the loss incurred by the car-sharing service for delaying the recharging procedure of the EV. The proposed approach is evaluated on a data set of charging events generated by a real car-sharing fleet showing that the EMS allows reducing the daily peak demand requested to the public grid and diminishes the operational costs.
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Teekaraman, Yuvaraja, K. A. Ramesh Kumar, Ramya Kuppusamy, and Amruth Ramesh Thelkar. "SSNN-Based Energy Management Strategy in Grid Connected System for Load Scheduling and Load Sharing." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (January 10, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2447299.
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The proposed research work focused on energy management strategy (EMS) in a grid connected system working in islanding mode with the connected renewable energy resources and battery storage system. The energy management strategy developed provides a balancing operation at its output by utilizing perfect load sharing strategy. The EMS technique using smart superficial neural network (SSNN) is simulated, and numerical analyses are presented to validate the effectiveness of the centralized energy management strategy in a grid connected islanded system. A SSNN prediction model is unified to forecast the associated household load demand, PV generation system under various time horizons (including the disaster condition), EV availability, and status on EV section and distance. SSNN is one the most reliable forecasting methods in many of the applications. The developed system is also accounted for degradation battery model and its associated cost. The incorporation of energy management strategy (EMS) reduces the amount of energy drawn from the grid connected system when compared with the other optimized systems.
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John Paul Antony, T., and S. P. Victor. "Eslba Load Sharing Technique for Reputation Manager in Multiple Gateways." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.34 (September 1, 2018): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.34.18709.
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Every node has the states of its neighbors such as Selfish, Unselfish and No Information state. The selfish node free path is constructed by avoiding selfish node in the route discovery process. Watch Dog mechanism helps to avoid such issues. Price and Reputation system (P&RS) helps to diminish the selfish nodes in a successful manner. Trustable node with low portability will go about as a Notoriety Manager and it keeps every one of the records of every node in a record system. The overload of RA leads to various problem and makes the communication very slow. In this paper we discuss about the RA affiliation and request in various possible ways. RA sends the affiliation to the nearest relay node to act as a RA for few nodes. Moreover we discuss the RA communication with Internet through Gateways and the load balancing algorithm – Energy Share Load Balancing Algorithm (ESLBA). The heap adjusting algorithm shares the heap between the nodes and channelizes the ideal course smarterly.
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Wahid, Abdul, Javed Iqbal, Affaq Qamar, Salman Ahmed, Abdul Basit, Haider Ali, and Omar M. Aldossary. "A Novel Power Scheduling Mechanism for Islanded DC Microgrid Cluster." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (August 25, 2020): 6918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12176918.
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Extension of the main grid to remote areas is economically not feasible. To electrify remote areas, one of the best choices is to install Renewable Energy Sources (RES) as a distributed generation (DG) and thus form a microgrid (MG) in islanded (Stand-alone) mode. In islanded mode, the MG has no support from the national grid. Thus, the overloading of islanded DC MG can collapse DC bus voltage and cause fluctuation in the load. Therefore, the power sharing and the interconnection among the microgrid (MG) cluster are necessary for reliable operation. Many methods for power sharing also aim at minimizing circulating currents which cannot be avoided when every MG feeds their load locally. Therefore, the proper power balancing among generation, loads, and in between MG cluster is challenging in islanded topology. This paper presents an intelligent controller for power sharing among PV-based MG clusters with load management of connected load during power deficiency. The priority is given to the local critical load of each MG. The second priority is given to the remaining load of the respective MG. The least priority is given to the loads connected to the neighboring MGs. The results show that the power continuation to the power-deficient load has been maintained when another MG has surplus power. The circulating current losses between the MG cluster has been fully avoided during no power sharing.
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Raj D, Chethan, and D. N. Gaonkar. "Multiple Inverters Operated in Parallel for Proportional Load Sharing in Microgrid." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 8, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 654. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i2.pp654-666.
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<p class="a">The new energy source utilization and development, gradual rise of distributed power grid miniaturization, intelligence, control has become a trend. In order to make microgrid reliable and efficiently run, control technology of microgrid has become a top priority and an inverter as microgrid basic unit, its control has become the most important part in microgrid. In this paper, three inverters are operated in parallel using an P-V/Q-F droop control is investigated. Mathematical model of three phase inverter with LC filter is derived, which is based on the voltage and current dual control loop. Parallel control strategy based on P-V/Q-F droop control, does not require a real time communications between the inverters and more suitable for microgrid applications. To verify the feasibility and validity of the droop control scheme, simulation is done in Matlab/Simulink and results indicate droop control has significant effect on power sharing and balancing the voltage magnitude, frequency.</p>
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Hamidi, Meryem, Abdelhadi Raihani, Mohamed Youssfi, and Omar Bouattane. "A new modular nanogrid energy management system based on multi-agent architecture." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i1.pp178-190.
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The emergence of renewable energy sources with controllable loads gave the opportunity to the consumers to build their own Microgrids. However, the intermittence of renewable energy sources such as wind and photovoltaic leads to some challenges in terms of balancing generation and consumption. This paper aims to present a novel multi-agent model based intelligent control scheme to balance the home/building alternative current (AC)-direct current (DC) load demands and renewable energy sources. The new proposed scheme consists of a three-level hierarchical multi agent system based on cooperation, communication and interaction between intelligent agents to fulfill the load's requirements. Then, the proposed multi agent framework is simulated using four different nanogrids to prove its effectiveness using different temporal profiles for loads and generators. The proposed model is designed to be modular, so that it can be considered as a sample from a set of similar modules, assigned to different buildings to allow efficient energy sharing and balancing. The used approach in this concept is inspired from auto-similar systems, which is well suited and easy to implement on multi agent systems. A co-simulation in MATLAB and JAVA/JADE platforms has been performed regarding the production-consumption of the 24 hours baseline period.
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Elgammal, Adel, and Curtis Boodoo. "Optimal Frequency stability Control Strategy for a Grid-Connected Wind/PV/FC/BESS Coordinated with Hydroelectric Power Plant Storage Energy System Using Variable Structure Control." European Journal of Energy Research 1, no. 4 (September 13, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejenergy.2021.1.4.17.
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Because of the growing nonlinear and complexity nature of microgrid systems for example battery energy storage systems, wind-turbine fuel cell, photovoltaic, and micro hydro power plants (BESSs/FC/WT/PV/ Micro Hydro), load-frequency management has been a difficulty. The development of a load-frequency controller based on Proportional–Integral–Derivative (PID) for an autonomous microgrid (MG) with hydro, wind, and PV RES is shown in this article. The suggested LFC goal is to retain the frequency of the micro hydro power plant under variable load situations by controlling the sharing of output power constant generator between the dummy loads and consumer. Using an adaptive fuzzy logic controller to govern nearly the generating unit`s whole operation, the suggested control technique optimally chooses PID settings for each load value. The suggested fuzzy logic-based controller regulates the plant's frequency output despite fluctuating user loads and manages energy distribution by separating the micro network into separate departures connected in priority order. The suggested frequency controller uses a centralised LFC approach centred on a combination of smart load and Battery Energy Storage System to manage the MG frequency (BESS). It regulates MG frequency by providing active power balancing for a variety of events that such systems face in real-world settings, such as energy surplus generation and energy shortage. In Simulink/MATLAB, the suggested structure is simulated. The simulation results clearly demonstrate the proposed frequency controller's ability to dump extra power when the customer load varies while maintaining a consistent supply frequency.
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Demertzis, Apostolos, and Konstantinos Oikonomou. "Braided Routing Technique to Balance Traffic Load in Wireless Sensor Networks." International Journal of Monitoring and Surveillance Technologies Research 4, no. 4 (October 2016): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmstr.2016100101.
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Many-to-one wireless sensor networks suffer from an extreme variation of traffic load between nodes. Sensor nodes near the sink consume much more energy than distant ones, resulting in the energy hole problem (global variation of load). In addition, even nodes located at the same distance from the sink experience very different traffic load with each other (local variation). This uneven distribution of traffic load, both globally and locally, results in a severe shortening of the time until first node runs out of battery. This work focuses on balancing the load of equally-distant nodes from the sink by sharing each one's load among its next-hop neighbors. Eventually, packets are travelling from node to sink by following interlaced paths. The proposed routing mechanism, called braided routing, is a simple one and can be applied over any cost-based routing, incurring a negligible overhead. Simulation results show that the local variance of load is reduced nearly 20-60% on average while the time until first death can be prolonged more than twice in many cases and the lifetime about 15%.
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Grover, Sakshi, and Mr Navtej Singh Ghumman. "POWER SAVING LOAD BALANCING STRATEGY USING DVFS IN CLOUD ENVIRONMENT." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 15, no. 13 (November 30, 2016): 7333–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v15i13.4801.
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Cloud Computing is a technology that provides a platform for the sharing of resources such as software, infrastructure, application and other information. Cloud Computing is being used widely all over the world by many IT companies as it provides benefits to the users like cost saving and ease of use. However with the growing demands of users for computing services, cloud providers are encouraged to deploy large datacenters which consume very high amount of energy resulting in carbon dioxide emissions. Power consumption is a key concern in data centers. That type of critical issues not only reduces the profit margin, but also has effect on high carbon production which is harmful for environment and living organisms. Reducing power consumption has been an important requirement for cloud resource providers not only to reduce operating costs, but also to improve system reliability. In research work, we have arranged the virtual machines in ascending order of the load. Cloudlets would be assigned to that virtual machine that has lesser load. Cloudlets are divided into three categories like high, medium and low on the basis of their instruction length. Dvfs approach which has been implemented in the paper would scale the power according to the length of the cloudlets. Three modes of Dvfs have been implemented in the research work. Various parameters like processing time, processing cost and total power consumed by all the cloudlets at the data center have been computed and analyzed. Cloudsim a toolkit for modeling and simulation of cloud computing environment has been used to implement and demonstrate the experimental results.
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Zhang, Junkun, Ertao Lei, Li Jin, Kai Ma, Ying Li, Xinwei Li, Chenyang Xia, and Xirui Wang. "Variable Amplitude Gate Voltage Synchronous Drive Technique for Improving Dynamic Current Balancing in Paralleled IGBTs." Energies 16, no. 14 (July 11, 2023): 5306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16145306.
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The problem of current sharing imbalance in the parallel connection of IGBT multi-modules affects the wide-scale application of parallel IGBT. The current imbalance problem in the dynamic process is mainly caused by the difference in control loop parameters. In parallel IGBT applications, current sharing is a critical concern. Objective differences in IGBT module and driver circuit parameters, as well as incomplete symmetry in the power circuit, lead to inconsistent parasitic parameters, resulting in both static and dynamic current-sharing issues. Static current sharing refers to the uneven distribution of load current under static operating conditions, while dynamic current sharing refers to the imbalance in current distribution among parallel IGBT modules during turn-on and turn-off processes. This is mainly influenced by the synchronization of turn-on and turn-off timings and the consistency of collector current change rates during these processes. The difference in characteristic parameters of IGBT modules is an important factor leading to the difference in control loop parameters, which has a profound impact on the dynamic current-sharing characteristics of IGBT parallel applications. In the case where the device parameters cannot be changed, some drive compensation controls can compensate for the influence of device differences on dynamic current sharing. Accurate identification of the characteristic parameters of the IGBT module is the key to this method. This paper mainly studies a synchronous variable-amplitude drive scheme and studies the influence of parameters such as synthetic gate resistance, gate-emitter capacitance, and on-off gate threshold voltage on the dynamic current-sharing characteristics. The correlation characteristics of the characteristic parameters of the IGBT device body are studied, and the characteristic model of each parameter and the influencing variable is constructed. The parallel working model of PSpice devices is established, and the influence of different characteristic parameters on the current-sharing characteristics is evaluated, and its sensitivity is summarized through simulation analysis. Through the 1700 V/300 A IGBT parallel switch characteristic experiment, the current sharing effectiveness of the synchronous variable amplitude driving method is verified. Finally, the effects of different gate control voltages and different action times on the dynamic current-sharing characteristics are summarized.
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Nguyen, Trong-The, Jeng-Shyang Pan, and Thi-Kien Dao. "A Novel Improved Bat Algorithm Based on Hybrid Parallel and Compact for Balancing an Energy Consumption Problem." Information 10, no. 6 (June 3, 2019): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info10060194.
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This paper proposes an improved Bat algorithm based on hybridizing a parallel and compact method (namely pcBA) for a class of saving variables in optimization problems. The parallel enhances diversity solutions for exploring in space search and sharing computation load. Nevertheless, the compact saves stored variables for computation in the optimization approaches. In the experimental section, the selected benchmark functions, and the energy balance problem in Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. Results compared with the other methods in the literature demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves a practical method of reducing the number of stored memory variables, and the running time consumption.
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Nair, Divya R., Manjula G. Nair, and Tripta Thakur. "A Smart Microgrid System with Artificial Intelligence for Power-Sharing and Power Quality Improvement." Energies 15, no. 15 (July 27, 2022): 5409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155409.
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The widespread popularity of renewable and sustainable sources of energy such as solar and wind calls for the integration of renewable energy sources into electrical power grids for sustainable development. Microgrids minimize power quality issues in the main grid by linking with an active filter and furnishing reactive power compensation, harmonic mitigation, and load balancing at the point of common coupling. The reliability issues faced by standalone DC microgrids can be managed by interlinking microgrids with a power grid. An artificial intelligence-based Icosϕ control algorithm for power sharing and power quality improvement in smart microgrid systems is proposed here to render grid-integrated power systems more intelligent. The proposed controller considers various uncertainties caused by load variations, state of charge of the battery of microgrids, and power tariff based on the availability of power in microgrids. This paper presents a detailed analysis of the integration of wind and solar microgrids with the grid for dynamic power flow management in order to improve the power quality and to reduce the burden, thereby strengthening the central grid. A smart grid system with multiple smart microgrids coupled with a renewable energy source with tariff control and judicious power flow management was simulated for power-sharing and power quality improvement. A hardware prototype of the artificial intelligence-based Icosϕ control algorithm with nonlinear load was also implemented successfully. Furthermore, the economic viability was investigated to ensure the feasibility of the smart microgrid system with the proposed controller design for power flow management and power quality improvement.
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Lucas, Alexandre, Dimitrios Geneiatakis, Yannis Soupionis, Igor Nai-Fovino, and Evangelos Kotsakis. "Blockchain Technology Applied to Energy Demand Response Service Tracking and Data Sharing." Energies 14, no. 7 (March 29, 2021): 1881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071881.
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Demand response (DR) services have the potential to enable large penetration of renewable energy by adjusting load consumption, thus providing balancing support to the grid. The success of such load flexibility provided by industry, communities, or prosumers and its integration in electricity markets, will depend on a redesign and adaptation of the current interactions between participants. New challenges are, however, bound to appear with the large scale contribution of smaller assets to flexibility, including, among others, the dispatch coordination, the validation of delivery of the DR provision, and the corresponding settlement of contracts, while assuring secured data access among interested parties. In this study we applied distributed ledger (DLT)/blockchain technology to securely track DR provision, focusing on the validation aspect, assuring data integrity, origin, fast registry, and sharing within a permissioned system, between all relevant parties (including transmission system operators (TSOs), aggregators, distribution system operators (DSOs), balance responsible parties (BRP), and prosumers). We propose a framework for DR registry and implemented it as a proof of concept on Hyperledger Fabric, using real assets in a laboratory environment, in order to study its feasibility and performance. The lab set up includes a 450 kW energy storage system, scheduled to provide DR services, upon a system operator request and the corresponding validations and verifications are done, followed by the publication on a blockchain. Results show the end to end execution time remained below 1 s, when below 32 requests/sec. The smart contract memory utilization did not surpass 1% for both active and passive nodes and the peer CPU utilization, remained below 5% in all cases simulated (3, 10, and 28 nodes). Smart Contract CPU utilization remained stable, below 1% in all cases. The performance of the implementation showed scalable results, which enables real world adoption of DLT in supporting the development of flexibility markets, with the advantages of blockchain technology.
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Huang, Chenn-Jung, An-Feng Liu, Kai-Wen Hu, Liang-Chun Chen, and Yu-Kang Huang. "A load-balancing power scheduling system for virtual power plant considering emission reduction and charging demand of moving electric vehicles." Measurement and Control 52, no. 5-6 (May 6, 2019): 687–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020294019836114.
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With the rapid development of the emerging technologies and significant cost reduction of the deployment for solar energy and wind power, the replacement of traditional power generation by renewable energy becomes feasible in the future. However, different from currently deployed centralized power sources, renewables are categorized as one kind of intermittent energy sources, and the scale of renewables is small and scattered. In the recent literature, the architecture of virtual power plant was proposed to replace the current smart grid in the future. However, the energy sharing concept and the uncertainties of intermittent energy sources will cause the short-term energy management for the virtual power plant much more complicated than the current centralized control energy management for traditional power generation system. We thus propose a hierarchical day-ahead power scheduling system for virtual power plant in this work to tackle the complex short-term energy management problems. We first collect electricity consumption data from smart appliances used in households and predict power-generating capacity of renewable energy sources at the prosumer level. Then, the proposed hierarchical power scheduling system is employed to schedule the usage of electricity for the customers by considering the efficiency of the use of distributed renewables. Notably, charging management of a moving electric vehicle is also considered in the proposed power scheduling mechanism. In addition, a real-time power tracking mechanism is presented to deal with the forecast errors of volatile renewable power generation, electricity load, and moving electric vehicle charging, and the maximal usage of renewables and reduction of the burden on community virtual power plants during time period of peak load can be achieved accordingly. The experimental results show that the proposed day-ahead power scheduling system can mitigate the dependency on traditional power generation effectively, and balance peak and off-peak period load of electricity market.
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J. J., Kindjock. "Design Technique for Load-Sharing and Monitoring of a Power Plant Using an Intelligent Control Technique." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): 1687–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39057.
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Abstract: The application of Data Technology (IT) has been growing rapidly recently. IT utilized to monitor flowing power and distributing electrical energy which is produced by thermal power plant. This project explains how to build and design interface system. Electrical energy needs to be monitored in order to keep energy following. Single Board Computer (SBC), microcontroller, sensors, and transceivers are used in logging electrical power for this project. Following to the reliable need of an efficient power supply and the concern about poor electricity power supply, deregulation, consistent overload on already existing overstressed power supply system which has become a major concern to the social economic needs. The study case system generating capacity consist of 10 units of 2000KVA (20,000VA) = 16000W for power factor of 0.8 which is tied to the exiting load demand of 30MW capacity. Research identity mischarge between the generating capacity and the load demand requirement. That the generator can only a total load capacity of 15MW at one engagement on rationalization and subsequently take the next 15MW capacity to the generator supply. This sequence of operation has put the study zone into regular percentage (blackout) there by negatively affecting the economy activities of the area. This research work has proposed for an additional capacity of 2000 KVA (20 MVA =16 MW) generating power plant for a giving power factor of 0.8 on the view to notice the existing total load of 30MW without any form of rationalization and percentage (blackout) in order to improve the power quality and voltage profile without problem in the day-to-day occurrence activities. The concern for poor power grid supply in the study case (Bertoua community) for the given load of about 16M capacity are taken due consideration with 2MWW capacity thermal power plant on the view to propose solution to improve the quality of energy supply to the Bertoua community and environ. The system is designed with electronic circuitry that can be used to sense/monitor voltage, current, frequency, temperature, pressure and cool level. The design system is modeled in proteus and matrix laboratory (MATLAB) Environment with the application of isochronous mode of control with (10 unit of 2000kVA thermal plant. The improved mode of control (Isochronous technique) was preferred over droop type of generator load sharing techniques, because the improved versus allows and maintained constants speed and frequency regardless of gradual building up of the load to the peak demand scenarios. The modeled Simulink block are configured as an intelligent system multiple generators set in parallel state to monitor and control the gradual load increase from consumer-end to the generators capacity of 2mVA thermal power plant in order to allow load of 1×2000kVA, 2×2000kVA, 3×2000kVA, 4×2000kVA, 5×2000kVA, 6×2000kVA, 7×2000kVA, 8×2000kVA, 9×2000kVA, 10×2000kVA. Since the control system will become an essential factor for reliability of power plants and electrical distribution networks consumption and electric utility at large on the view to investigate appropriate load sharing and balancing, load scheduling, load forecasting, fuel-consumption pattern, optimizing generation capacity in order to optimize energy saving, costsaving and performance. Keywords: Load-Sharing, Monitoring
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Eydi, Mohammad, and Reza Ghazi. "Control strategy to improve load/power sharing, DC bus voltage restoration, and batteries SOC balancing in a DC microgrid." IET Renewable Power Generation 14, no. 14 (October 26, 2020): 2668–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2020.0239.
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Vinothkumar, J., and R. Thamizhselvan. "Efficient Power Management and Control Strategy of Hybrid Renewable Energy System in Microgrid." International Journal on Applied Physics and Engineering 2 (July 17, 2023): 106–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232030.2023.2.11.
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Currently, the use of renewable energy has gradually increased due to the environmental problems present nowadays. The intermittency of distributed renewable generation poses significant challenges for the operation and integration of microgrids. Unlike the main power grid, where load balancing resources, in general, are abundant, the balancing of generation and load in a microgrid must be done by small gas turbines, diesel generators, or energy storage devices with very limited capacity and at much higher costs. Consequently, the proposed methodology seeks a model for minimizing the Energy Cost (EC) and enhancing the power supply for rural areas by designing and analyzing four different hybrid system configurations based on integrating a biomass system with a photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT) and battery system. To ensure the desired power demand with minimum production cost, the research proposed an energy-efficient Hybrid DC/AC microgrid using four renewable energy sources. Lithium-ion batteries were chosen for this study due to their high energy density, long life cycle, and high efficiency. The existence of both AC and DC microgrids has led to a new concept of hybrid AC/DC microgrids which consists of both AC and DC grids tied by an Interlinking Converter (ILC). It comprises a DC grid and AC grid interlinked by a bidirectional DC/AC converter. Such a hybrid AC/DC microgrid has the advantages of both AC and DC with increased efficiency and less cost. To provide higher voltages, the Multi-Input Booster (MIB) DC-DC converters are used as a power converter in between load and source to enforce and increase the PV depending on the voltage output signal. Further extract maximum power from the solar PV system, perturb and observe algorithm-based power point tracking control mechanism is proposed DC link voltage of ILC is regulated usually by DC side control in load sharing among sources in the DC microgrid. In addition, to overcome the load fluctuation problem in a microgrid, the research introduced a Mamdani type 2 PID-fuzzy controller. Performance index parameters of the transient response characteristics are also improved by using the proposed control approach. The time-domain dynamic responses reveal that the proposed type-II fuzzy PID controller can balance the power generation and demand properly and control both system frequency and tie-line power effectively.
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K. Sonkar, S., and M. U.Kharat. "A Novel Energy Efficient Resource Management System in Cloud Computing Environment." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.19 (November 27, 2018): 1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.19.28281.
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Primary target of cloud provider is to provide the maximum resource utilization and increase the revenue by reducing energy consumption and operative cost. In the service providers point of view, resource allocation, resource sharing, migration of resources on demand, memory management, storage management, load balancing, energy efficient resource usage, computational complexity handling in virtualization are some of the major tasks that has to be dealt with. The major issue focused in this paper is to reduce the energy consumption problem and management of computation capacity utilization. For the same, an energy efficient resource management method is proposed to grip the resource scheduling and to minimize the energy utilized by the cloud datacenters for the computational work. Here a novel resource allocation mechanism is proposed, based on the optimization techniques. Also a novel dynamic virtual machine (VM) allocation method is suggested to help dynamic virtual machine allocation and job rescheduling to improve the consolidation of resources to execute the jobs. Experimental results indicated that proposed strategy outperforms as compared to the existing systems.
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Salem, Qusay, Rafat Aljarrah, Mazaher Karimi, and Ayman Al-Quraan. "Grid-Forming Inverter Control for Power Sharing in Microgrids Based on P/f and Q/V Droop Characteristics." Sustainability 15, no. 15 (July 28, 2023): 11712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151511712.
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Grid-forming inverters are anticipated to be integrated more into future smart microgrids commencing the function of traditional power generators. The grid-forming inverter can generate a reference frequency and voltage itself without assistance from the main grid. This paper comprehensively investigates grid-forming inverter modelling and control methodology. A decentralized method employing an active power versus frequency P − f droop and a reactive power versus voltage Q − V droop is exploited to drive the operation of the grid-forming inverter. This decentralized method ensures balancing the supply and demand beside the power-sharing task between two or more inverters. The performance of the grid-forming inverter is examined by monitoring the frequency and RMS voltage of the inverter bus for three different periods of a varying PQ load. In addition, the performance of the resultant droop is compared with the assumed droop to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, two grid-forming inverters equipped with the same droop characteristics are connected to a single load to observe the power-sharing concept among them. All simulations are implemented and executed using Matlab/Simulink version R2014b.
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Ala’anzy, Mohammed Alaa, Mohamed Othman, Emad Mohammed Ibbini, Odai Enaizan, Mazen Farid, Yousef A. Alsaaidah, Zulfiqar Ahmad, and Rania M. Ghoniem. "Replication-Based Dynamic Energy-Aware Resource Provisioning for Scientific Workflows." Applied Sciences 13, no. 4 (February 18, 2023): 2644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13042644.
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Distributed computing services in cloud environments are easily accessible to end users. These services are delivered to end users via a subscription-based model. The “infrastructure as a service” (IaaS) cloud model is one of the best cloud environment models for running data- and computing-intensive applications. Real-world scientific applications are the best examples of data and computing intensiveness. For their implementation, scientific workflow applications need high-performance computational resources and a large volume of storage. The workflow tasks are linked based on computational and data interdependence. Considering the high volume and variety of scientific workflows (SWs), the resources of the IaaS cloud model require managing energy efficiently and without failure or loss. Therefore, in order to address the issues of power consumption and task failure for real-world SWs, this research work proposes a replication-based dynamic energy-aware resource provisioning (R-DEAR) strategy for SWs in an IaaS cloud environment. The proposed strategy, R-DEAR, is a resource- and service-provisioning strategy that implements a replication-based fault-tolerant and load-balancing mechanism. The proposed R-DEAR strategy schedules the tasks of a scientific workflow with a replication-based fault-tolerant mechanism. The proposed R-DEAR strategy also manages the power consumption of IaaS cloud resources dynamically through a load-sharing process. Simulation results show that the proposed R-DEAR strategy reduces energy consumption, execution cost, and execution time by 9%, 15%, and 18%, respectively, as compared with the existing state-of-the-art strategy.
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Masood, Anum, Muhammad Sharif, Mussarat Yasmin, and Mudassar Raza. "Virtualization Tools and Techniques: Survey." Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 15, no. 2 (February 16, 2015): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v15i2.12131.
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Virtualization is a technique in which the user required services run remotely in a ubiquitous environment which gives scalable resources. Virtualization is being used in cloud computing for load balancing and aggregation of cloud resources. Virtualization provides higher hardware utilization. It is also being used for partitioning of computational resources and hence supports sharing of resources. Virtualization has different types such as Native virtualization, Full virtualization, Operating system level virtualization and Para virtualization. Other than these there is Resources virtualization, Desktop virtualization, Server virtualization, Data centres virtualization and application virtualization. The resources virtualization is implemented in different forms such as the Full virtualization, Native virtualization, Para virtualization, Operating system (OS) layer virtualization or Hosted virtualization. Virtual machines and Virtual machine monitors (VMMs) have been developed to offer better energy efficient solutions to the virtualization problems. Virtualization tools like OpenVz, Xen, VmWare etc. are widely used in the computing industry.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/njst.v15i2.12131Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 15, No.2 (2014) 141-150
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Wei, Jianhua. "Application of Wireless Sensor Network Computer Technology in Financial Management System." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2023 (April 7, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/7304590.
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In the current enterprise competition, the core of the management information system is the financial management information system. Building a more comprehensive and efficient financial management information system can effectively establish a more efficient innovative enterprise and promote the transformation and development of the enterprise. This paper first designs a set of financial management system templates, including general ledger, accounts receivable, and accounts payable. Second, according to the characteristics of wireless sensor network technology, this paper proposes a financial management system based on the wireless sensor network and designs a load balancing topology control algorithm (LHTCA algorithm), which balances the energy consumption of network nodes and helps to improve the network life cycle. Finally, the management system is tested and validated. The test results show that the financial management system can realize the electronicization of financial data and paperless vouchers, improve the efficiency of financial work, and promote the sharing and integration of resources.
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Qin, Junxiang, Xiye Guo, Xiaotian Ma, Xuan Li, and Jun Yang. "Application and Performance Evaluation of Resource Pool Architecture in Satellite Edge Computing." Aerospace 9, no. 8 (August 17, 2022): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9080451.
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Satellites will play a vital role in the future of the global Internet of Things (IoT); however, the resource shortage is the biggest limiting factor in the regional task of massiveequipment in the IoT for satellite service. Compared with the traditional isolated mode of satellite resources, the current research aims to realize resource sharing through satellite cooperation in satellite edge computing, to solve the problems of limited resources and low service quality of a single satellite. We propose a satellite resource pool architecture-oriented regional task in satellite edge computing. Different from fixed servers in ground systems, the satellite orbital motion brings challenges to the construction of the satellite resource pool. After the capacity planning of the satellite resource pool for regional tasks is given, an algorithm based on search matching is proposed to solve the dynamic satellite selection problem. A ground semi-physical simulation system is built to perform experiments and evaluate the performance of three modes of satellite resource sharing: isolated mode, cooperative mode, and pooled mode. The results show that the pooled mode, compared with the isolated mode, improves the task success rate by 19.52%, and at the same time increases network resources and energy consumption in the same scenario. Compared with the cooperation mode, the performance of task success rate and resource utilization rate is close to that of the pooled mode, but it has more advantages in response time and load balancing of satellite resources. This shows that in the IoT, the resource pool is of great benefit as it improves the task response time and improves the load balance of satellite resources without degrading the performance, which makes sense in task-demanding scenarios.
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Zaidi, Taskeen, and Rampratap Rampratap. "Virtual Machine Allocation Policy in Cloud Computing Environment using CloudSim." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 1 (February 1, 2018): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i1.pp344-354.
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Cloud computing has been widely accepted by the researchers for the web applications. During the past years, distributed computing replaced the centralized computing and finally turned towards the cloud computing. One can see lots of applications of cloud computing like online sale and purchase, social networking web pages, country wide virtual classes, digital libraries, sharing of pathological research labs, supercomputing and many more. Creating and allocating VMs to applications use virtualization concept. Resource allocates policies and load balancing polices play an important role in managing and allocating resources as per application request in a cloud computing environment. Cloud analyst is a GUI tool that simulates the cloud-computing environment. In the present work, the cloud servers are arranged through step network and a UML model for a minimization of energy consumption by processor, dynamic random access memory, hard disk, electrical components and mother board is developed. A well Unified Modeling Language is used for design of a class diagram. Response time and internet characteristics have been demonstrated and computed results are depicted in the form of tables and graphs using the cloud analyst simulation tool.
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Yahya, Mawadah Glaa, and Massara Glaa Yahya. "Modified PDPWM control with MPPT algorithm for equal power sharing in cascaded multilevel inverter for standalone PV system under partial shading." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 14, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 533. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v14.i1.pp533-545.
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<span lang="EN-US">In this paper, a modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO) based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller is used to track the maximum power of a PV system using DC-DC boost converter technology. </span><span lang="EN-GB">To raise the PV module's input DC voltage, a DC-DC boost converter was employed. The boost converter powered the DC-AC multilevel PWM inverter, which then delivered the output AC voltage to a solitary inductive load. Cascaded multilevel inverters are often used to condition power in renewable energy applications because they are easy to use and have few parts. Ripples in the voltage of DC link capacitors cause low order harmonics and inter harmonics in the multilevel inverter's output voltage. Phase disposition pulse width modulation (PDPWM) has the fewest harmonics. The inverter cells' power delivery is not equal in this manner. In the present paper, a strategy for improving sharing of power PDPWM for photovoltaic applications is proposed. The modified PDPWM is used on a 9-level inverter where each cell is connected to a PV array running at maximum power point tracking MPPT and under partial shadowing for single phase multilevel inverters. The MATLAB/SIMULINK software was used to do simulations, and the findings demonstrate that the method presented is effective at balancing the way power is shared between different inverter cells and reducing the voltage ripple of the DC link capacitor.</span>
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Wang, Cheng, Yushi Cao, Zhili Zhang, and Weidong Wang. "Dual Threshold Adaptive Dynamic Migration Strategy of Virtual Resources Based on BBU Pool." Electronics 9, no. 2 (February 11, 2020): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9020314.
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The rapid development of mobile communications and the continuous growth of service needs lead to an increase in the number of base stations (BSs). Through virtualization and cloud technology, virtual Baseband Units (BBUs) are deployed on a virtual machine (VM) to build a BBU pool to achieve hardware resource sharing, which not only saves BS construction costs but also facilitates management and control. However, too high or too low server resource utilization in the pool not only affects the performance of the virtual BBU but also increases the maintenance cost of the physical equipment. In this paper, BBUs are virtualized to construct a virtual BBU pool based on the OpenStack cloud architecture and a dual threshold adaptive dynamic migration strategy is proposed in this scenario. Establish upper and lower threshold of resource utilization of the servers in the pool and the strategy determines whether the dynamic migration is triggered according to the resource utilization of each compute node. If the migration is triggered, the strategy selects the virtual resource to be moved out and the target node to realize the dynamic migration to achieve the purpose of balancing the server load and saving energy consumption. The migration strategy proposed in this paper is simulated on Cloudsim and the experimental results show that the strategy can effectively reduce the number of migrations and migration time on the basis of reducing energy consumption and SLA violations. This paper successfully deployed the strategy on the OpenStack platform, which implements dynamic migration autonomously to save the overall energy consumption of the BBU pool, instead of manual operations.
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Jia, Hefei, Xu Liu, Xiaoqiang Di, Hui Qi, Binbin Cai, Jinqing Li, Huamin Yang, and Jianping Zhao. "A Secure Virtual Machine Allocation Strategy Against Co-Resident Attacks." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 23, no. 5 (September 20, 2019): 898–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2019.p0898.
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In the area of network development, especially cloud computing, security has been a long-standing issue. In order to better utilize physical resources, cloud service providers usually allocate different tenants on the same physical machine, i.e., physical resources such as CPU, memory, and network devices are shared among multiple tenants on the same host. Virtual machine (VM) co-resident attack, a serious threat in this sharing methodology, includes malicious tenants who tend to steal private data. Currently, most solutions focus on how to eliminate known specific side channels, but they have little effect on unknown side channels. Compared to eliminating side channels, developing a VM allocation strategy is an effective countermeasure against VM co-resident attack as it reduces the probability of VM co-residency, but research on this topic is still in its infancy. In this study, firstly, a novel, efficient, and secure VM allocation strategy named Against VM Co-resident attack based on Multi-objective Optimization Best Fit Decreasing (AC-MOBFD) is proposed, which simultaneously optimizes load balancing, energy consumption, and host resource utilization during VM placement. Subsequently, security of the proposed allocation strategy is measured using two metrics – VM attack efficiency and VM attack coverage. Extensive experiments on simulated and real cloud platforms, CloudSim and OpenStack, respectively, demonstrate that using our strategy, the attack efficiency of VM co-residency is reduced by 37.3% and VM coverage rate is reduced by 24.4% when compared to existing strategies. Finally, we compare the number of co-resident hosts with that of hosts in a real cloud platform. Experimental results show that the deviation is below 9.4%, which validates the feasibility and effectiveness of the presented strategy.
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Panda, Mrutunjaya, Devara Vijaya Bhaskar, and Tanmoy Maity. "A Fuzzy-Based Coordinated Power Management Strategy for Voltage Regulation and State-of-Charge Balancing in Multiple Subgrid-Based DC Microgrid." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2022 (April 29, 2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1288985.
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Multiple DC subgrids in close proximity can be connected to form a DC microgrid. The interconnected DC subgrids enhance reliability and efficient utilization of resources. In this paper, a novel coordinated power management strategy is proposed for interconnected subgrids of a DC microgrid. Each DC subgrid has PV and battery units. The proposed strategy is implemented on interlinking bidirectional converters (IBCs). The strategy considers the state-of-charge (SoC) and charging/discharging current of the batteries for SoC balancing-based power sharing through IBCs. A fuzzy logic controller is implemented to decide the amount of power flow through the IBCs from SoC and the charging/discharging current of battery units. Moreover, with the coordinated strategy, a high SoC battery takes more loads compared to a lower SoC battery. The proposed strategy supports fast charging and fast discharging of batteries depending on the SoC level. In addition, the coordinated strategy can seamlessly transfer the control of IBC from the power regulating mode to the voltage regulating mode without any additional control scheme during an outage of the battery unit. The feasibility of the proposed strategy is validated through simulation in MATLAB/Simulink and OPAL-RT real-time digital simulator.
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Altman, E., U. Ayesta, and B. J. Prabhu. "Load balancing in processor sharing systems." Telecommunication Systems 47, no. 1-2 (May 6, 2010): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11235-010-9300-8.
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Krantz, T. L., M. Rashidi, and J. G. Kish. "Split Torque Transmission Load Sharing." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 208, no. 2 (July 1994): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1994_208_263_02.
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Split torque transmissions are attractive alternatives to conventional planetary designs for helicopter transmissions. The split torque designs can offer lighter weight and fewer parts but have not been used extensively for lack of experience, especially with obtaining proper load sharing. Two split torque designs that use different load-sharing methods have been studied. Precise indexing and alignment of the geartrain to produce acceptable load sharing has been demonstrated. An elastomeric torque splitter that has large torsional compliance and damping produces even better load sharing while reducing dynamic transmission error and noise. However, the elastomeric torque splitter as now configured is not capable over the full range of operating conditions of a fielded system. A thrust balancing load-sharing device was evaluated. Friction forces that oppose the motion of the balance mechanism are significant. A static analysis suggests increasing the helix angle of the input pinion of the thrust balancing design. Also, dynamic analysis of this design predicts good load sharing and a significant torsional response to accumulative pitch errors of the gears.
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Zhou, Jian Xing, Geng Liu, and Shang Jun Ma. "Dynamic Load Sharing Characteristic of Planetary Gear System with Load Balancing Mechanism." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 3504–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.3504.
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The dynamic load sharing characteristic of the 2K-H-type planetary gear system with floating center gear is researched in consideration of the manufacturing errors, assembly errors, time-varying mesh stiffness. The nonlinear dynamic model is set up and solved by using Newmark’s method. Then the time history of load sharing factor of the system with load balancing mechanism are obtained, and the effects of the floating clearance， the load torque, and the way of planetary gears assembled on load sharing factor are researched. The sensitivity analysis of load sharing factor is done by using finite differential method. The study provides useful theoretical guideline to the design of planetary gear system.
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LINCKE, SUSAN J., and CYNTHIA S. HOOD. "LOAD SHARING VERSUS SERVICE BALANCING IN INTEGRATED NETWORKS." Journal of Interconnection Networks 06, no. 01 (March 2005): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219265905001307.
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As third and fourth generation cellular/wireless networks evolve, operators must learn to efficiently manage diverse services, and multiple networks consisting of varying technologies, cell sizes, and frequency bands. Architectural studies on integrated heterogeneous networks suggest that vertical handovers can be used to increase network efficiency. We propose that carefully-controlled load distribution can also promote Quality of Service (QoS) goals for the diverse services. This study compares session overflow and session placement algorithms in order to determine their effects on efficiency and QoS.
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Member, Nariyoshi Yamai, Shinji Shimojo, and Hideo Miyahara Members. "A load balancing algorithm on multiprocessor time-sharing systems." Systems and Computers in Japan 21, no. 8 (1990): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690210801.
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Shahakar, Minal, Surenda Mahajan, and Lalit Patil. "Load Balancing in Distributed Cloud Computing: A Reinforcement Learning Algorithms in Heterogeneous Environment." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, no. 2 (March 10, 2023): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i2.6130.
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Balancing load in cloud based is an important aspect that plays a vital role in order to achieve sharing of load between different types of resources such as virtual machines that lay on servers, storage in the form of hard drives and servers. Reinforcement learning approaches can be adopted with cloud computing to achieve quality of service factors such as minimized cost and response time, increased throughput, fault tolerance and utilization of all available resources in the network, thus increasing system performance. Reinforcement Learning based approaches result in making effective resource utilization by selecting the best suitable processor for task execution with minimum makespan. Since in the earlier related work done on sharing of load, there are limited reinforcement learning based approaches. However this paper, focuses on the importance of RL based approaches for achieving balanced load in the area of distributed cloud computing. A Reinforcement Learning framework is proposed and implemented for execution of tasks in heterogeneous environments, particularly, Least Load Balancing (LLB) and Booster Reinforcement Controller (BRC) Load Balancing. With the help of reinforcement learning approaches an optimal result is achieved for load sharing and task allocation. In this RL based framework processor workload is taken as an input. In this paper, the results of proposed RL based approaches have been evaluated for cost and makespan and are compared with existing load balancing techniques for task execution and resource utilization..
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Ivan Firmansyah and Fietyata Yudha. "OPTIMALISASI PERFORMA AKSES HALAMAN WEB DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN TEKNIK LOAD BALANCING PADA GOOGLE CLOUD." Journal of Education Informatic Technology and Science 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37859/jeits.v3i1.2524.
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Web pages are one of the access doors for internet users to be able to access resources on the internet. The increasing number of web page users today, demands that web services also be faster and more responsive in handling user requests. The increasing number of requests by the number of users causes the web to be overloaded so that it is necessary to share the load on the so that the workload of the machine becomes lighter. One solution offered is to perform load balancing on the Google Cloud platform. By configuring this platform allows the machine to perform load sharing automatically when it reaches a certain threshold. Based on experiments conducted, automatic load sharing on the Google Cloud platform can be done by configuring Load Balancing. Based on the testing process conducted 15 times shows that the platform can perform load sharing automatically in accordance with the specified limit
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Lenhardt, Jorg, Kai Chen, and Wolfram Schiffmann. "Energy-Efficient Web Server Load Balancing." IEEE Systems Journal 11, no. 2 (June 2017): 878–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2015.2465813.
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Yanmaz, E., and O. K. Tonguz. "Dynamic Load Balancing and Sharing Performance of Integrated Wireless Networks." IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 22, no. 5 (June 2004): 862–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsac.2004.826923.
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., Vidyaathulasiraman, and G. Manikandan. "A Study on a Multiplicity of Load Balancing Algorithms." Asian Journal of Computer Science and Technology 8, no. 2 (May 5, 2019): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajcst-2019.8.2.2138.
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Past days rulers and publics need to convey message their relatives or one place to somewhere else with the assistance of some correspondence channels like birds or individuals like present mailmen or post ladies and days are passing and development of data and innovation the communication quick and less expansive and present day interchanges totally through on the web. Day by day populaces development and innovation utilizing people groups heterogeneously expanding. So present days network is a critical part and significant assuming jobs in day by day life its outcomes more system issues like less throughput, insufficient network resources, less flags, resource not similarly shared for a given time frame, time complicity because of this troubles the communication mostly or here and there totally interfered with now daily’s a fundamental piece of information is an expected portion to social and economic related change and it is logically expanding worldwide condition. In this exploration essentially an undertaking has been made to classify secured sharing models, architecture, sharing arrangements and load adjusting algorithms in w3. At present need to configure modern load adjusting algorithms on account of our central and state Government focusing propelled correspondences and modernized classrooms through distributed computing.
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Rasna, Rasna, and Ahmad Ashari. "Application of Load Balancing with the Nth Method on Multiple Gateway Internet Networks." IJCCS (Indonesian Journal of Computing and Cybernetics Systems) 13, no. 2 (April 30, 2019): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijccs.39074.
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The Performance of a Network Is Necessary by the Office of the Special Jayapura Regent in matters related to networking. One of the technological problems to increase connections in the network is to use three ISPs and become microtik as a balanced load. Each ISP uses load sharing that can be divided evenly in each section. Wireless networks that are connected to distributed systems make load balancing techniques that can be received from a system. Load balancing can be applied to HTTP servers, proxies, databases, and gateways. This research implements a proxy with load balancing method on an internet network that has three gateway lines through a router. Expected to be expected to be expected to be expected to load three ISP. The results of the research on the application of load balancing with the method on several internet gateways in the Jayapura District Regent Office is an inconsistency in bandwidth for each client before the implementation of the Nth method and using the Nth method with ten active clients can used when bandwidth on some clients is not much different and more evenly distributed than without load load balancing Nth.
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BOKIYE, Lencho M., and Ilker Ali OZKAN. "HYBRID LOAD BALANCING POLICY TO OPTIMIZE RESOURCE DISTRIBUTION AND RESPONSE TIME IN CLOUD ENVIRONMENT." International Journal of Applied Mathematics Electronics and Computers 10, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18100/ijamec.1158866.
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Load balancing and task scheduling are the main challenges in Cloud Computing. Existing load balancing algorithms have a drawback in considering the capacity of virtual machines while distributing loads among them. The proposed algorithm works toward solving existing issues, such as fair load distribution, avoiding underloading and overloading, and improving response time. It implements best practices of Throttled load balancing algorithm and Equally Shared Current Execution algorithm. Virtual machines are selected based on the ratio of their bandwidth and load allocation count. Requests are sent to a Virtual Machine with higher bandwidth and lower load allocation count. Proposed algorithm checks for the availability of VM based on their capacity. This process is performed by selecting two VMs and comparing their vmWeight capacity. The one with the least vmWeight is selected. CloudAnalyst is used for simulation, response time evaluation, and resource utilization evaluation. The simulation result of the proposed algorithm is compared with three well-known load-balancing algorithms. These are Round Robin, Throttled Load balancing algorithm, and Enhanced Active Monitoring. Load-balancing Proposed Algorithm selects VMs based on their Algorithm. The proposed algorithm has improved over other algorithms in load distribution, response time, and resource utilization. All virtual machines in the data centers are loaded with a relatively equal number of tasks according to their capacity. This resulted in fair resource sharing and load distribution.
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Lang, Willis, Jignesh M. Patel, and Jeffrey F. Naughton. "On energy management, load balancing and replication." ACM SIGMOD Record 38, no. 4 (June 27, 2010): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1815948.1815956.
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Anand, V., and K. Anuradha. "A Prolific Scheme for Load Balancing Relying on Task Completion Time." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 3 (June 1, 2018): 1741. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i3.pp1741-1746.
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In networks with lot of computation, load balancing gains increasing significance. To offer various resources, services and applications, the ultimate aim is to facilitate the sharing of services and resources on the network over the Internet. A key issue to be focused and addressed in networks with large amount of computation is load balancing. Load is the number of tasks‘t’ performed by a computation system. The load can be categorized as network load and CPU load. For an efficient load balancing strategy, the process of assigning the load between the nodes should enhance the resource utilization and minimize the computation time. This can be accomplished by a uniform distribution of load of to all the nodes. A Load balancing method should guarantee that, each node in a network performs almost equal amount of work pertinent to their capacity and availability of resources. Relying on task subtraction, this work has presented a pioneering algorithm termed as E-TS (Efficient-Task Subtraction). This algorithm has selected appropriate nodes for each task. The proposed algorithm has improved the utilization of computing resources and has preserved the neutrality in assigning the load to the nodes in the network.
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Priya, V., and C. Nelson Kennedy Babu. "Probabilistic Deterministic Load Balancing Analysis for File Sharing in Cloud Environment." Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities 6, no. 6 (2016): 1908. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7315.2016.00336.1.
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Paliwal, Neeraj. "Load Balancing Through Intermediate Gateway Traffic Sharing Model (IGTSM) For WMN." International Journal of Computer Applications 100, no. 3 (August 20, 2014): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/17508-8060.
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Kimmatkar, Kavita, and Urmila Shrawankar. "Multiple Applications Sharing for Effective Load Balancing in Secured Distributed Environment." Procedia Computer Science 78 (2016): 763–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2016.02.050.
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Issawi, S. F., A. Al Halees, and M. Radi. "An Efficient Adaptive Load Balancing Algorithm for Cloud Computing Under Bursty Workloads." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 5, no. 3 (June 21, 2015): 795–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.554.
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Cloud computing is a recent, emerging technology in the IT industry. It is an evolution of previous models such as grid computing. It enables a wide range of users to access a large sharing pool of resources over the internet. In such complex system, there is a tremendous need for an efficient load balancing scheme in order to satisfy peak user demands and provide high quality of services. One of the challenging problems that degrade the performance of a load balancing process is bursty workloads. Although there are a lot of researches proposing different load balancing algorithms, most of them neglect the problem of bursty workloads. Motivated by this problem, this paper proposes a new burstness-aware load balancing algorithm which can adapt to the variation in the request rate by adopting two load balancing algorithms: RR in burst and Random in non-burst state. Fuzzy logic is used in order to assign the received request to a balanced VM. The algorithm has been evaluated and compared with other algorithms using Cloud Analyst simulator. Results show that the proposed algorithm improves the average response time and average processing time in comparison with other algorithms.
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Popov, I. P. "Peak Load Balancing for Engineering Vehicles." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Mechanical Engineering, no. 3 (132) (June 2020): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0236-3941-2020-3-85-93.
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The paper considers the possibility of equipping engineering vehicles with inertial capacitance energy storage units, which should allow the power plant loads to be evened out, in turn leading to reducing the output power, mass and dimensions of the plant. In a range of engineering vehicles, such as excavators, bulldozers, diesel shunter locomotives and so on, loads are of a substantially irregular character. Peak loads are what determines the output power of power plants. It is evident that the power plant is not fully loaded most of the time. We propose a technological solution for balancing peak loads in engineering vehicles. Since operation modes of engineering vehicles change relatively frequently, it is efficient and advisable to equip them with energy storage units. The storage unit will not only level the power plant load, but also allow the energy to be recuperated during deceleration, which should improve the energy efficiency of the machine. We present the theoretical background required to develop an inertial capacitance energy storage unit, which is implemented as a direct current machine featuring a super flywheel. Employing flywheels in engineering vehicles is feasible due to their total mass requirements being flexible. Another advantage of certain engineering vehicles is their electro-mechanical transmission, the presence of which should minimise the development effort concerning the inertial capacitance energy storage unit discussed in the paper engineering vehicle, energy storage unit, super flywheel, power plant, energy efficiency
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Yi, Shi Jun, and Xiao Ping Jing. "The Load Balancing System Design of Service Based on IXP2400." Advanced Engineering Forum 1 (September 2011): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.1.42.
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This paper proposes a new method of designing load balancing system. The design of the system is based on the performance of hosting service and the switching technology and makes use of the highly flexible programmability and the powerful function of processing network packet of IXP2400 network processor. This method greatly accelerates the processing speed of the system and owing to the advanced technology of network processor it makes the load-sharing system excellent in usability and practicality.
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Rajak, Ranjit, Anjali Choudhary, and Mohammad Sajid. "Load balancing techniques in cloud platform: A systematic study." International Journal of Experimental Research and Review 30 (April 30, 2023): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.52756/ijerr.2023.v30.002.
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In the current scenario, researchers have made a new invention and added to the computing paradigm every next second. Cloud computing is one of the most demanding, practical, accessible and extended technologies based on ‘pay as per use model’ and works on virtualisation via internet. Data sharing and accessing have become easy by properly organising various resources, such as storage, servers, development tools, software, etc, in cloud. Handling these resources has faced many challenges, such as cost management, system performance, migration, load imbalance, reliability and privacy etc. Load imbalance is one of the most important factors which are solved by load balancing techniques. This paper introduced the detailed classification of load balancing methods and techniques that are taken as a solution to overcome such problems and also helps future researchers. Also given is a proposed model for load balancing and some comparative studies of the heuristics methods based on platforms and simulator tools.