Relevant bibliographies by topics / Lizards

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Lizards'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Lizards"

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Akani, Godfrey, Nwabueze Ebere, Valentin Pérez-Mellado, and Luca Luiselli. "Stomach flushing affects survival/emigration in wild lizards: a study case with rainbow lizards (Agama agama) in Nigeria." Amphibia-Reptilia 32, no. 2 (2011): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/017353711x565493.

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AbstractStomach flushing is one of the proposed techniques to study lizard diets. Apparently, it is ranged, together with direct observation and faecal analysis, as a non-harmful method for dietary studies. Some works explored the usefullness of stomach flushing, but we lack information about its effect on lizard's survival probabilities. In this paper we studied the effect of stomach flushing in an urban population of the rainbow lizard (Agama agama) from Calabar (Nigeria). During a period of five months of 2010, 147 lizards were noosed, sexed and individually marked. One group of lizards was stomach flushed only once, whereas the rest of lizards were not flushed. The flushed sample of lizards showed a lower survival than non-flushed lizards of all sex and age classes. In this study, the pictured diet from stomach flushing was very similar to results obtained with a faecal analysis of the same lizard population. Thus, both methods seem to be reliable to study the diet of the rainbow lizard. However, our results indicate that stomach flushing increases the probability of mortality (or at least emigration rates) in all age and sex classes, precluding its extensive use as a method to study lizard's diets.
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Wieczorek, Magdalena, Robert Rektor, Bartłomiej Najbar, and Federico Morelli. "Tick parasitism is associated with home range area in the sand lizard, Lacerta agilis." Amphibia-Reptilia 41, no. 4 (May 26, 2020): 479–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685381-bja10018.

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Abstract The sand lizard (Lacerta agilis) is a common species in Europe that inhabits a wide range of habitats, including anthropogenic environments. It is a frequent carrier of common ticks (Ixodes ricinus), which poses a severe threat to the lizards’ health. We determined the living space used by lizards in a rapidly changing environment and ascertained the number of parasitic ticks found throughout the reptile’s active season. We conducted telemetry research on a dynamically developing housing estate located on the outskirts of the city of Zielona Góra (western Poland) in 2016-2017. We obtained data from 16 adult lizards, from which we collected 2529 ticks. Using generalized linear models (GLMs), we determined the relationships among the number of transmitted parasites, size of occupied areas (minimum convex polygon, MCP), the weight of lizards, and sex of lizards. Results indicated that the number of ticks was negatively correlated with lizard body mass, but positively correlated with home range. Sex was not significantly associated with the number of ticks. Additionally, the parasite load was lower during the lizard’s non-breeding season than during the breeding season and was lower for males than for females during the non-breeding season. Males have larger home ranges than females.
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Blamires, S. J. "Factors influencing the escape response of an arboreal agamid lizard of tropical Australia (Lophognathus temporalis) in an urban environment." Canadian Journal of Zoology 77, no. 12 (December 1, 1999): 1998–2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z99-166.

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The escape response of the agamid lizard Lophognathus temporalis in an urban population was examined during the dry season. Two measurements of escape response were made: the distance an observer can approach before the lizard flees (approach distance) and the distance the lizard flees to refuge (flight distance). The relationship between approach distance and flight distance was examined, as was the relationship between air temperature and both approach distance and flight distance. The influence of time of day, the lizard's perch (in a tree or on the ground), and year (1996 or 1998) on the escape response was determined. Approach distance and flight distance had no relationship with each other. Air temperature had a positive relationship with approach distance, so variations in temperature between the two years might explain variations in approach distance between them. The lizard's perch had the greatest influence on flight distance. Lizards in trees fled shorter distances, usually to the opposite side of the tree trunk or branch to the observer. Lizards on the ground always fled to the nearest refuge.
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Blokhin, Ivan, Natalya Veselova, and Gennady Blokhin. "Phenotypic traits of sand lizard (Lacerta agilis) and the environmental factor effects." BIO Web of Conferences 43 (2022): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20224303003.

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The comparative analysis of the variability of the sand lizard’s (Lacerta agilis) phenotypic traits was carried out. Lizards were trapping in four different localities. 12 morphometric characters and 22 scaling parameters were included in controlled traits; comparisons of populations were performed using Student’s t-test and discriminant analysis. Lizards were captured in the village Yamnoye, Voronezh Region, the village Verkhnekardail’skiy in the Volgograd Region, and in the villages Sredniy and Poperechnyy of the Stavropol Territory. The village Yamnoye is experiencing the greatest anthropogenic pressure due to its proximity to Voronezh city and the airport. The largest number of statistically significant differences in morphometric characters was found between lizards of the Stavropol Territory and lizards from the villages Verkhnekardail’skiy and Yamnoye, between which there were significantly low number statistically significant differences in the same characters. Sexual dimorphism was most pronounced in lizards of the locality with the highest anthropogenic load - the village Yamnoye. When analyzing the characteristics of scaly cover of lizards of closes localities in villages Yamnoye and Verkhnekardail’skiy, there were more statistically significant differences than between the lizards of the last and the most remote Stavropol Territory. When assessing the severity of sexual dimorphism in terms of scaling, statistically significant differences between males and females were observed in population lizards of the Stavropol Territory and the village Verkhnekardail’skiy. The sexual dimorphism on scaly cover in lizard population of the village Yamnoye was not revealed and a relatively reduced diversity of the scaly cover was observed. Our data indicate that the variability of various phenotypic characteristics of the sand lizard is related in different ways to the influence of environmental factors, such as the geocological position of the localities of animal reproduction, anthropogenic load.
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Schall, J. J. "Virulence of lizard malaria: the evolutionary ecology of an ancient parasite—host association." Parasitology 100, S1 (June 1990): S35—S52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000073005.

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SummaryThe negative consequences of parasitic infection (virulence) were examined for two lizard malaria parasite—host associa tions: Plasmodium agamae and P. giganteum, parasites of the rainbow lizard, Agama agania, in Sierra Leone, West Africa; and P. mexicanum in the western fence lizard, Sceloporus occidentalis, in northern California. These malaria species vary greatly in their reproductive characteristics: P. agamae produces only 8 merozoites per schizont, P. giganteum yields over 100, and P. mexicanum an intermediate number. All three parasites appear to have had an ancient association with their host. In fence lizards, infection with malaria is associated with increased numbers of immature erythrocytes, decreased haemoglobin levels, decreased maximal oxygen consumption, and decreased running stamina. Not affected were numbers of erythrocytes, resting metabolic rate, and sprint running speed which is supported by anaerobic means in lizards. Infected male fence lizards had smaller testes, stored less fat in preparation for winter dormancy, were more often socially submissive and, unexpectedly, were more extravagantly coloured on the ventral surface (a sexually dimorphic trait) than non-infected males. Females also stored less fat and produced smaller clutches of eggs, a directly observed reduction in fitness. Infected fence lizards do not develop behavioural fevers. P. mexicanum appears to have broad thermal buffering abilities and thermal tolerance; the parasite's population growth was unaffected by experimental alterations in the lizard's body temperature. The data are less complete for A. agama, but infected lizards suffered similar haematological and physiological effects. Infected animals may be socially submissive because they appear to gather less insect prey, possibly a result of being forced into inferior territories. Infection does not reduce clutch size in rainbow lizards, but may lengthen the time between clutches. These results are compared with predictions emerging from several models of the evolution of parasite virulence. The lack of behavioural fevers in fence lizards may represent a physiological constraint by the lizards in evolving a thermal tolerance large enough to allow elimination of the parasite via fever. Such constraints may be important in determining the outcome of parasite—host coevolution. Some theory predicts low virulence in old parasite—host systems and higher virulence in parasites with greater reproductive output. However, in conflict with this argument, all three malarial species exhibited similar high costs to their hosts.
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Ebrahimi, Mehregan, Aaron L. Fenner, and C. Michael Bull. "Lizard behaviour suggests a new design for artificial burrows." Wildlife Research 39, no. 4 (2012): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr11155.

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Context The use of artificial refuges is a common strategy for the conservation management of endangered species. However, artificial refuges may alter an animal’s natural behaviour that in turn may be detrimental to the species. The endangered pygmy bluetongue lizard from Australia is one species that will accept artificial burrows. Aims The aim of the present research was to determine whether the normal behaviour of the pygmy bluetongue lizards differed between artificial and natural burrows, so as to determine whether the existing artificial burrow is an optimal design for this species. Methods In the present study, we filmed the behaviour of lizards as they entered artificial and natural burrows. We compared the number of times a lizard entered a burrow, the time that lizards spent inspecting burrows, and the behaviours that lizards used when entering artificial and natural burrows. Key results We found that in natural burrows, lizards always entered head first, and then usually reversed direction inside, using an enlarged basal chamber, to sit with their head uppermost in the entrance. In artificial burrows, however, lizards had to enter head first, then reverse tail-first back out, and then reverse tail-first back into the burrow (so as to have their head facing upwards) We called this behaviour reversing from outside. Key conclusion The stereotyped reversing-from-outside behaviour when entering artificial burrows, and its occasional occurrence in natural burrows, suggest that it has evolved to allow lizards to use narrow burrows as well as those with a chamber, even though it can increase lizard’s surface activity and exposure to predation. Implication The reversing behaviour from outside the artificial burrow increases exposure to potential predators, and our observations suggest that a re-design of artificial burrows to incorporate internal space for turning around may improve their effectiveness in conservation management interventions.
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Wagner, E. A., and P. A. Zani. "Escape behavior of Side-blotched Lizards (Uta stansburiana) in response to model predators." Canadian Journal of Zoology 95, no. 12 (December 2017): 965–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2016-0255.

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Few field studies have tested for geographic variation in escape behavior and even fewer have examined responses of prey to multiple predators despite most prey occurring in multipredator environments. We performed 458 escape trials on Side-blotched Lizards (Uta stansburiana Baird and Girard, 1852) from 10 populations that differed in predator abundances. We quantified escape behavior of Side-blotched Lizards when approached with one of two model predators: a lizard (Great Basin Collared Lizard (Crotaphytus bicinctores N.M. Smith and Tanner, 1972)) or a snake (Western Yellow-bellied Racer (Coluber mormon Baird and Girard, 1852)). Our results suggest that the escape responses of Side-blotched Lizards (flight initiation distance, distance fled, refuge entry) do not differ when approached by either a model predatory lizard or a model predatory snake. Nor do the escape responses of individual Side-blotched Lizards differ in relation to the abundances of predatory lizards or snakes in the local environment. Rather, only the directness of fleeing toward a refuge differed based on model predator type with Side-blotched Lizards fleeing more directly toward a refuge in response to a model lizard. These findings suggest that Side-blotched Lizards tend to use a more generalized escape response to approaching predators.
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De Jesus, Carrie, Chanakya Bhosale, Kristen Wilson, Zoe White, and Samantha M. Wisely. "Reptile Host Associations of Ixodes scapularis in Florida and Implications for Borrelia spp. Ecology." Pathogens 10, no. 8 (August 7, 2021): 999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10080999.

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Host associations of the tick vector for Lyme Borreliosis, Ixodes scapularis, differ across its geographic range. In Florida, the primary competent mammalian host of Lyme disease is not present but instead has other small mammals and herpetofauna that I. scapularis can utilize. We investigated host–tick association for lizards, the abundance of ticks on lizards and the prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (sl). To determine which lizard species I. scapularis associates with, we examined 11 native lizard species from historical herpetological specimens. We found that (294/5828) of the specimens had attached ticks. The most infested species were Plestiodon skinks (241/1228) and Ophisaurus glass lizards (25/572). These species were then targeted at six field sites across Florida and sampled from June to September 2020, using drift fence arrays, cover boards and fishing. We captured 125 lizards and collected 233 immature I. scapularis. DNA was extracted from ticks and lizard tissue samples, followed by PCR testing for Borrelia spp. Of the captured lizards, 69/125 were infested with immature I. scapularis. We did not detect Borrelia spp. from tick or lizard tissue samples. Overall, we found that lizards are commonly infested with I. scapularis. However, we did not detect Borrelia burgdorferi sl. These findings add to a growing body of evidence that lizards are poor reservoir species.
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Haniaturizqia, Amalia Hasni, and Miftahul Anwar. "Study of Trabekular Anatomic Structures on Biawak Water Bone (Varanus Salvator)." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 3 (April 30, 2020): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/icse.v3.468.

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Asian water lizards (Varanus salvator) is one of the species that is widespread in the region of South Asia and Southeast Asia, one of which is in the territory of Indonesia. One of the characteristics of water lizards is having a tail that serves to maintain the balance of his body when moving. This study aims to determine the anatomical structure of the trabeculae in the tailbone of the Asian water lizard (Varanus salvator). Trabeculae are derived from the aquatic biawaks tailbone, which is neutralized with chloroform and then dissected. The coccyx is taken and prepared for observation of trabecular anatomy by sanding part of the coccyx. Then observed the structural parts of the trabeculae using a microscope. Bone trabeculae can be seen as small, porous and porous tissue elements, which consist of trabekulated tissue. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the trabeculae of the monitor lizard's tail bone consist of thin lattice elements and form spongy bones. The trabecular structure is thicker and denser to withstand external loading that is optimally regulated to withstand loads in functional activities such as jumping, running and for body balance. So that the dense trabecular structure of the monitor lizard's tailbone can function optimally for the balance of the body of Asian water lizards in moving and doing activities.
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Cooper, William E., and Wade C. Sherbrooke. "Choosing between a rock and a hard place: Camouflage in the round-tailed horned lizard Phrynosoma modestum." Current Zoology 58, no. 4 (August 1, 2012): 541–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/58.4.543.

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Abstract The round-tailed horned lizard Phrynosoma modestum is cryptically colored and resembles a small stone when it draws legs close to its body and elevates its back. We investigated effectiveness of camouflage in P. modestum and its dependence on stones by placing a lizard in one of two microhabitats (uniform sand or sand with surface rocks approximately the same size as lizards). An observer who knew which microhabitat contained the lizard was asked to locate the lizard visually. Latency to detection was longer and probability of no detection within 60 s was higher for lizards on rock background than on bare sand. In arenas where lizards could choose to occupy rock or bare sand, much higher proportions selected rocky backgrounds throughout the day; at night all lizards slept among stones. A unique posture gives P. modestum a rounded appearance similar to many natural stones. Lizards occasionally adopted the posture, but none did so in response to a nearby experimenter. Stimuli that elicit the posture are unknown. That P. modestum is better camouflaged among rocks than on bare sand and prefers to occupy rocky areas suggests that special resemblance to rocks (masquerade) enhances camouflage attributable to coloration and immobility.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lizards"

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McElroy, Eric J. "The Functional Morphology of Lizard Locomotion: Integrating Biomechanics,Kinematics, Morphology, and Behavior." Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1213879506.

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Ford, Stewart S. "Kidney form and function and the role of arginine vasotocin (AVT) in three agamid lizards from different habitats in Western Australia /." Connect to this title, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0008.

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Ford, Stewart S. "Kidney form and function and the role of agrinine vasotocin (AVT) in three agamid lizards from different habitats in Western Australia." University of Western Australia. School of Animal Biology, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0008.

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Reptiles are polyphyletic, and previous studies of renal anatomy and physiology in reptiles have covered a wide diversity of species of different phylogeny and habitat. To date, no study has examined the renal morphology and function of a group of closely related reptiles from different environments, yet this design has a number of advantages. Firstly, phylogenetic effects are reduced while adaptive specialisations in renal function or structure can be elucidated, and secondly, the variation in renal form and function between closely related species may be quantified in an effort to appreciate better the variation between more distantly related species. In this thesis, kidney morphology and renal function were studied in three Western Australian agamid lizards inhabiting environments differing in the availability of water. These key species were Pogona minor, Ctenophorus nuchalis and Ctenophorus salinarum. The renal anatomy of the three key lizards was characterised by determining glomerular diameter, volume density, surface area and number in each. Allometric relationships between kidney, colon and body mass were investigated in these and an additional 11 species of agamid lizard. Patterns of response to osmotic challenge were recorded by measuring renal variables such as urine flow rate, glomerular filtration rate and fractional reabsorption of filtrate among the three key species, and concurrent measurements of circulating arginine vasotocin in P. minor and C. nuchalis allowed the response of this hormone to homeostatic imbalance in these species to be gauged. The gross morphology and the glomerular characteristics of the kidneys was remarkably similar between species. Glomerular number and other characters varied as a function of body size rather than species, contrasting with reports in the literature suggesting that a given species has a particular number of glomeruli. ... Thus, kidney morphology is constrained among species and the response of each species to osmotic perturbation is similar. However, the mechanisms underlying antidiuresis and the hormonal control of this process differ subtly between species, and there is some evidence to suggest that P. minor is more adapted to a mesic environment than the other two lizards examined in this study. The hypothesis that renal form and function reflect the environment in which a lizard lives therefore receives partial support, although the reptilian bauplan is able to mitigate many of the forces that could potentially lead to renal specialisation.
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Stanley, Edward Leo. "Evolutionary relationships within the family Cordylidae (Squamata)." Click here for download, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1848731751&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=3260&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Holm, Peter 1959. "Two populations of the tree lizard (Urosaurus ornatus) in southern Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276767.

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Male growth is best described by a von Bertalanffy growth model and female growth by a logistic growth model. This sexual dimorphism is correlated with greater relative surface activity and lower survivorship of juvenile males when compared to juvenile females. Early-hatching (first clutch) offspring exhibit greater body size and survivorship compared to late-hatching (second clutch) offspring. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)
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Clemente, Christofer. "Evolution of locomotion in Australian Varanid lizards (Reptilia: Squamata: Varanidae) : ecomorphological and ecophysiological considerations." University of Western Australia. School of Animal Biology, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0044.

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[Truncated abstract] In ecomorphological or ecophysiological studies, variation in `design? traits (e.g. size, morphology and physiology) is thought to determine variation in ecologically-relevant performance traits, which in turn determines fitness in a particular habitat (Arnold 1983). Thus, natural selection is thought to act most directly on intermediate traits such as measures of locomotory performance. This thesis examined this process in the closely related group of Australian varanids lizards (Squamata: Varanidae). Phylogenetically, varanids are divided into three major clades. Size (mass and snout-to-vent length) is strongly correlated with these three clades. Two clades, (Gouldii and Komodoensis) are large, while the third clade (Odatria) has a smaller body size. Thus, there is considerable variation in size for various species. Size varied for species by three orders of magnitude. Size is also related to two ecological characteristics, foraging mode and habitat openness. Widely-foraging species were larger than sit-and-wait strategists, while species from open habitats were larger than species from semi-open or closed habitats. However, given the tight link between size and phylogeny we cannot separate adaptation of size to ecological traits from that of phylogenetic patterns. Of interest throughout this thesis was how variations in design (e.g. morphology and physiology) were related to ecological characteristics. Since body size also influences many of these morphological and physiological characteristics it is often necessary to remove the effects of size. Three design traits were examined in detail: body dimensions, vertebral number and metabolic rates. …Curiously, no performance variable linked differences in size-free body dimensions to retreat sites. This suggests that there is either a direct link between design and ecology (e.g. dorso-ventral compression), or some unmeasured performance variable related to retreat site. Given that most performance traits are thought to involve kinematic movements of the hindlimb limb and pelvis, and these were not best related to retreat site, then a direct link between design and ecology with respect to retreat site seems possible. In summary, this thesis provides evidence not only for links between design and ecology mediated by locomotory performance traits, but also direct links between design and ecology, for Australian varanid lizards.
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Fischer, Joern. "Beyond fragmentation : lizard distribution patterns in two production landscapes and their implications for conceptual landscape models /." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2004. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20060718.150101/index.html.

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Debraga, Michael. "Anatomical and functional changes between terrestrial varanoid lizards and aquatic mosasaurs." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59631.

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The transition between terrestrial varanoid lizards and aquatic mosasaurs through the intermediate, semi-aquatic aigialosaurs is fully documented. Aigialosaurs are shown to possess a mosaic of mosasaurian (configuration of the skull, jaw and tail) and terrestrial varanoid characters (appendicular skeleton and trunk).
The taxonomic position of the Aigialosauridae within the superfamily Varanoidea is evaluated. Based on character states previously used to define the Varanoidea, neither the specific affinities of aigialosaurs nor the sister-group relationships of earlier members of the terrestrial varanoid assemblage can be securely established. For this reason, the specific character states involved have been reexamined and alternative hypotheses of relationship have been considered.
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Warner, Daniel Augustus. "Phenotypes and Survival of Hatchling Lizards." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31023.

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The phenotypes of hatchling reptiles are influenced by the environmental conditions that embryos experience during incubation, by yolk invested into the egg, and by the genetic contributions of the parents. Phenotypic traits are influenced by these factors in ways that potentially affect the fitness of hatchlings. The physical conditions that embryos experience within the nest affects development, hatching success, and hatchling phenotypes. Thus, the nest site that a female selects can influence the survival of her offspring as well as her overall fitness. In Chapter 1, I addressed this issue through a nest site selection experiment designed to determine the substrate temperature and moisture conditions that female eastern fence lizards (Sceloporus undulatus) select when provided a range of conditions from which to choose. In general, I found that females selected nest sites with conditions that yield high hatching success. In Chapter two, I investigated the relative contributions of incubation moisture conditions, maternal yolk investment, and clutch (genotype) to variation in hatchling phenotypes and survival under field conditions. Eggs from 28 clutches were distributed among two moisture treatments; wet (-150 kPa) and dry (-530 kPa). In another treatment, yolk was removed from eggs to determine the affect of yolk quantity on hatchling phenotypes. After hatching, several phenotypic traits (mass, snout-vent length, tail length, body shape, thermal preference, running speed, desiccation rate, and growth rate) were measured. Hatchlings were subsequently marked and released at a field site in southwest Virginia. Hatchlings were recaptured twice weekly prior to winter and the following spring to monitor growth and survival. I found that incubation moisture and yolk removal affected only hatchling body size; individuals from the dry and yolk removed treatments were smaller in body size than those from the wet treatment. However, clutch was the most important source of phenotypic variation; all phenotypes were affected by clutch. Significant clutch effects suggested the possibility that phenotypic variation had at least some genetic basis. In the field, survival was not affected by incubation moisture and yolk removal, and overall survival was not associated with hatchling body size. Survivors and nonsurvivors differed only in growth rate in the field and running speed measured in the laboratory. Survivors ran faster and grew more slowly than nonsurvivors. To examine the association of clutch with survival, I used clutch mean values to look at the relationship between phenotype and survival. Clutches that produced relatively slow growing individuals and fast runners had higher survival rates than clutches that produced relatively rapid growing individuals and slow runners. In order to grow rapidly, an individual must eat more than slowly growing individuals. Thus, rapid growth rate may increase risk of predation through its association with foraging activity. Individuals that run fast should be capable of capturing prey and evading predators more effectively than individuals that run slowly. Overall, these results emphasize the importance of clutch to variation in phenotypes and survival in hatchling Sceloporus undulatus.
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Sherbrooke, Wade Cutting. "Integumental biology of horned lizards (Phrynosoma)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184327.

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The integument is the body organ interfacing between the internal and external environments of a lizard. This study explores aspects of its structure, texture, and coloration, relating them to survival strategies of horned lizards. The dermal chromatophore structure of Phrynosoma modestum is described. Color change depends on two cell types, melanophores and iridophores. This cellular arrangement may be typical of lizards utilizing color change for thermoregulation. Color pigment cells (xanthophores and erythrophores) function in pattern formation and background color matching. Experiments on the regulation of color change revealed that (1) -MSH is the prime skin darkening agent, (2) - and -adrenergic receptors also play a role in color change, and (3) temperature is a factor in in vitro and in vivo darkening and lightening responses. Apparently the primary role of color change is thermoregulation. Intraepidermal mechanoreceptors on dorsal body, limb, and head scales were studied, their ultrastructure is described, and their role in defense and survival is explored. The use of the integument for "rain-harvesting" of drinking water by P. cornutum is described, including stereotyped behavior, stereoscopic SEM examination of interscalar channels, experiments on capillary water flow, and an evaluation of micro-ornamentation. Comparisons are made with the putative use of the integument for the collection of rain, fog, or dew for drinking by Moloch and Phrynocephalus. A stereotypic behavior that utilizes positioning of occipital horns and dorsal scale armament is described and hypothesized to be an ophidian antipredator defense. Attacks by Onychomys torridus on P. cornutum and P. modestum were studied to further evaluate the role of occipital horns, dorsal scalation, and dermal collagen as antipredator defenses. Attack behaviors of the grasshopper mice and defense behaviors of the lizards are detailed. The use of color pattern, integumental structures, and mimetic behavior by P. modestum in avoidance of predator detection, through "stone-mimicry," is hypothesized and supported. Aspects of social communication in four species were studied. The importance of olfaction for intraspecific communication and lack of visual color signals is related to the need for chromatic crypticity in order to avoid detection by predators.
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Books on the topic "Lizards"

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Sprackland, Robert G. Giant lizards. Neptune City, NJ: T.F.H. Publications, 1992.

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Heathcote, Peter. Lizards. 2nd ed. Chicago, Ill: Heinemann Library, 2010.

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Coborn, John. Lizards. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 1999.

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Stevens, Kathryn. Lizards. Mankato, Minn: Child's World, 2009.

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Tim, Harris, ed. Lizards. New York: Gareth Stevens Pub., 2010.

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Stone, Tanya Lee. Lizards. San Diego, Calif: Blackbirch Press, 2003.

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Matero, Robert. Lizards. Chicago, IL: Kidsbooks, 1997.

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Moenich, David R. Lizards. Neptune City, N.J: T.F.H. Publications, 1990.

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Gravelle, Karen. Lizards. New York: F. Watts, 1991.

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Rogner, Manfred. Lizards. Malabar, Fla: Krieger Pub. Co., 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lizards"

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Caldwell, Michael Wayne. "Ancient Snake Lizards." In The Origin of Snakes, 35–65. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2019.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315118819-2.

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Chapple, David G. "Synthesising Our Current Knowledge of New Zealand Lizards." In New Zealand Lizards, 1–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41674-8_1.

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Lettink, Marieke, and Kelly M. Hare. "Sampling Techniques for New Zealand Lizards." In New Zealand Lizards, 269–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41674-8_10.

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Towns, David R., Rodney A. Hitchmough, and John Perrott. "Conservation of New Zealand Lizards: A Fauna Not Forgotten but Undervalued?" In New Zealand Lizards, 293–320. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41674-8_11.

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Nelson, Nicola J., Richard L. Romijn, Terra Dumont, James T. Reardon, Joanne M. Monks, Rodney A. Hitchmough, Raewyn Empson, and James V. Briskie. "Lizard Conservation in Mainland Sanctuaries." In New Zealand Lizards, 321–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41674-8_12.

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Chapple, David G., James T. Reardon, and Joanne E. Peace. "Origin, Spread and Biology of the Invasive Plague Skink (Lampropholis delicata) in New Zealand." In New Zealand Lizards, 341–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41674-8_13.

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Chapple, David G. "The Future of New Zealand Lizard Research." In New Zealand Lizards, 361–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41674-8_14.

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Shea, Glenn M. "History of Discovery of the New Zealand Lizard Fauna." In New Zealand Lizards, 13–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41674-8_2.

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Worthy, Trevor H. "A Review of the Fossil Record of New Zealand Lizards." In New Zealand Lizards, 65–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41674-8_3.

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Hitchmough, Rodney A., Geoffrey B. Patterson, and David G. Chapple. "Putting a Name to Diversity: Taxonomy of the New Zealand Lizard Fauna." In New Zealand Lizards, 87–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41674-8_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Lizards"

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Nguwi, Yok-Yen, Abbas Z. Kouzani, Jayanth J. Kumar, and Don Driscoll. "Automatic detection of lizards." In 2016 International Conference on Advanced Mechatronic Systems (ICAMechS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icamechs.2016.7813464.

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Ross, Shane D., Mohamed A. Zakaria, John J. Socha, Tyson Hedrick, and Pranav Khandelwal. "Tail-Assisted Pitch Control in Flying Lizards." In AIAA SCITECH 2024 Forum. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2024-2689.

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Musthak, Bachelors, Adham, Dhabiya Al-kubaisi, Wadha Almarri, Ghizlane Bendriss, Aurora M. Castilla, and Kuei-chiu Chen. "Dna Barcoding Of Lizards (reptilia, Squamata) Of Qatar." In Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarc.2014.eesp0760.

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Smith, Jason, Aaron Ferguson, Juan Sanchez, and Sunny Wei. "Leapin' lizards: anatomy of a four-ton varactyl." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Sketches. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1187112.1187173.

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Wei, Zhi, Shuo Wang, and Kelly Van. "Behavior Monitoring of Lizards Based on Inertial Sensor." In 2022 10th International Conference on Reliability, Infocom Technologies and Optimization (Trends and Future Directions) (ICRITO). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icrito56286.2022.9964769.

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Dos Santos, Remi, Ana C. Teodoro, Miguel Carretero, and Neftalí Sillero. "Remote sensing as a tool to analyse lizards behaviour." In SPIE Remote Sensing, edited by Christopher M. U. Neale and Antonino Maltese. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2241093.

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Floyd, Steven, Terence Keegan, John Palmisano, and Metin Sitti. "A Novel Water Running Robot Inspired by Basilisk Lizards." In 2006 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros.2006.282111.

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Jiang, Yilin, Zuocan Ying, Xuanyu Yin, and Haidong Guo. "A SITS-Net-based intelligent identification model for lizards." In 2024 4th International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Modelling and Intelligent Computing (CAMMIC 2024), edited by Parikshit N. Mahalle and Mohammad S. Obaidat. SPIE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3036552.

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KÖPPL, C., A. FORGE, and G. A. MANLEY. "NO CORRELATES FOR SOMATIC MOTILITY IN FREEZE-FRACTURED HAIR-CELL MEMBRANES OF LIZARDS AND BIRDS." In Proceedings of the International Symposium. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812704931_0025.

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Yudha, Donan Satria, Rury Eprilurahman, Edwina Prastiwi Sri Rizky, Wiwit Feri Wijiastuti, and Muhammad Anis Nasrullah. "Snakes and lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) of Gadjah Wong River area, Province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta." In INVENTING PROSPEROUS FUTURE THROUGH BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND TROPICAL BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Biological Science. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5050110.

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Reports on the topic "Lizards"

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Deitloff, Jennifer M., Nicole A. Freidenfelds, and Tracy Langkilde. Lessons from Lizards: Adaptation to Introduced Ants. American Museum of Natural History, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5531/cbc.ncep.0001.

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The fence lizard and fire ant ecological system provides an excellent real-world case study for students to examine the impacts of nuisance introduced species on native organisms, with particular emphasis on the topic of adaptation. In this exercise, students are tasked with making predictions, analyzing real scientific data, and applying critical-thinking strategies to interpret their results. A reflection component at the end of the exercise involves the creation of a concept map to synthesize and integrate ideas from the lesson within the broader context of natural selection.
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Colin Donihue, Colin Donihue. Are Greek lizards adapting to live with humans? Experiment, March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/2180.

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Michael Carlo, Michael Carlo. Can lizards change their nesting behavior to survive climate change? Experiment, December 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/4259.

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Mike McEntire, Mike McEntire. What Pathogens Threaten the Texas Horned Lizard? Experiment, March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/4854.

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Dehghan Niri, Ehsan, and Hamidreza Marvi. A Lizard-inspired Tube Inspector (LTI) Robot. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1902695.

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Pranav Khandelwal, Pranav Khandelwal. How the dragon glides: the biomechanics of a flying lizard. Experiment, March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/6765.

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Abts, Marvin. The life history strategy of the saxicolous desert lizard, Sauromalus obesus. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.8.

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Olmo López, Nieves, and Javier Turnay Abad. Mujeres en Bioquímica: María Antonia Lizarbe (1951 - 2019). Sociedad Española de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18567/sebbmdiv_rmb.2020.11.1.

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Abts, Marvin. Thermal Ecology and Movement in the Leopard Lizard, Gambelia Wislizeni, Baird and Girard. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2401.

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Tran, Tut, Alexandra Bonham, Justin Tweet, and Vincent Santucci. Bryce Canyon National Park: Paleontological resource inventory. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2302804.

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Originally designated as a national monument in 1923, Bryce Canyon National Park (BRCA) is recognized for its exceptional pink-orange hoodoo landscapes. Its iconic hoodoos, consisting of the Paleocene?Eocene Claron Formation, are only part of the geology of BRCA, which includes a nearly uninterrupted sequence of Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway evolution and diverse depositional environments from approximately 100 to 77 million years ago. This sequence consists of the coastal Naturita Formation, the marine Tropic Shale, the transitional Straight Cliffs Formation, and the terrestrial Wahweap Formation. These strata, and the Claron Formation, preserve diverse paleontological resources. Fossils at BRCA have received little visibility for most of the park?s history, despite relatively rapid advances in the study of Late Cretaceous and Paleogene paleontology in neighboring public lands, especially Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument (GSENM) to the east. The best documentation of paleontological resources at BRCA was produced through concerted field inventory of the park conducted by Dr. Jeff Eaton and several cohorts of interns and students from 1988 to 2015. In that time, Eaton?s team documented nearly 200 paleontological localities within the park that yielded clams, snails, fish, frogs, turtles, lizards, snakes, crocodilians, dinosaurs, and mammals from the Straight Cliffs and Wahweap Formations and invertebrates, plants, and trace fossils in the Claron Formation. Eaton?s survey resulted in several publications, including the description of new microvertebrate species from the Straight Cliffs and Wahweap Formations. Despite this body of work, the park did not develop an internal paleontological resources management program. A new paleontological resources program at BRCA was advanced in response to construction activities that impacted several fossil localities in the Wahweap Formation. Newly hired paleontological staff conducted two seasons of field inventory (2022?2023), relocating as many of Eaton?s sites as possible and recording new fossil occurrences along the way. In this timeframe, BRCA paleontologists encountered more than 150 localities. They also conducted detailed literature review, examined the park?s paleontological collections data, and cultivated partnerships with outside researchers to better comprehend the current state and future potential of the park?s paleontological resources. This document synthesizes the total current body of knowledge on paleontological resources at BRCA to create a comprehensive paleontological inventory report. It combines historical data from the scientific literature, previous work conducted in the park, and recent fieldwork to cover BRCA?s geologic history and fossil diversity and the history of paleontological study, education, and resources management in the park.
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