Relevant bibliographies by topics / Lizard

Academic literature on the topic 'Lizard'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Lizard"

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Akani, Godfrey, Nwabueze Ebere, Valentin Pérez-Mellado, and Luca Luiselli. "Stomach flushing affects survival/emigration in wild lizards: a study case with rainbow lizards (Agama agama) in Nigeria." Amphibia-Reptilia 32, no. 2 (2011): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/017353711x565493.

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AbstractStomach flushing is one of the proposed techniques to study lizard diets. Apparently, it is ranged, together with direct observation and faecal analysis, as a non-harmful method for dietary studies. Some works explored the usefullness of stomach flushing, but we lack information about its effect on lizard's survival probabilities. In this paper we studied the effect of stomach flushing in an urban population of the rainbow lizard (Agama agama) from Calabar (Nigeria). During a period of five months of 2010, 147 lizards were noosed, sexed and individually marked. One group of lizards was stomach flushed only once, whereas the rest of lizards were not flushed. The flushed sample of lizards showed a lower survival than non-flushed lizards of all sex and age classes. In this study, the pictured diet from stomach flushing was very similar to results obtained with a faecal analysis of the same lizard population. Thus, both methods seem to be reliable to study the diet of the rainbow lizard. However, our results indicate that stomach flushing increases the probability of mortality (or at least emigration rates) in all age and sex classes, precluding its extensive use as a method to study lizard's diets.
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Blamires, S. J. "Factors influencing the escape response of an arboreal agamid lizard of tropical Australia (Lophognathus temporalis) in an urban environment." Canadian Journal of Zoology 77, no. 12 (December 1, 1999): 1998–2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z99-166.

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The escape response of the agamid lizard Lophognathus temporalis in an urban population was examined during the dry season. Two measurements of escape response were made: the distance an observer can approach before the lizard flees (approach distance) and the distance the lizard flees to refuge (flight distance). The relationship between approach distance and flight distance was examined, as was the relationship between air temperature and both approach distance and flight distance. The influence of time of day, the lizard's perch (in a tree or on the ground), and year (1996 or 1998) on the escape response was determined. Approach distance and flight distance had no relationship with each other. Air temperature had a positive relationship with approach distance, so variations in temperature between the two years might explain variations in approach distance between them. The lizard's perch had the greatest influence on flight distance. Lizards in trees fled shorter distances, usually to the opposite side of the tree trunk or branch to the observer. Lizards on the ground always fled to the nearest refuge.
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Nielsen, Torben P., and C. Michael Bull. "Winter durability of pygmy bluetongue lizard burrows is higher for occupied than for unoccupied burrows and for those in less-grazed neighbourhoods." Wildlife Research 43, no. 8 (2016): 634. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr16109.

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Context Many ectothermic animals survive winter by hibernating, either buried or in burrows. During their hibernation these animals are vulnerable to changes in soil structure and temperature caused by the activity of grazing mammals. This may be a particular risk to ectotherms living in native grassland, as this habitat is often used for livestock grazing. The endangered pygmy bluetongue lizard lives in burrows, in fragments of native grassland in South Australia, and these burrows are likely to be affected by sheep grazing during the lizards’ hibernation. Aims The current study aimed to determine the following effects on the persistence of burrows suitable to the pygmy bluetongue lizard: different levels of grazing, winter vegetation cover, burrow entrance size and whether a lizard was overwintering in the burrow. Methods During two winters, we applied different grazing treatments to six experimental paddocks and determined whether suitable lizard burrows located in autumn were still suitable to lizards in the following spring. For each burrow, we recorded whether a lizard was overwintering, the burrow entrance diameter and the vegetation cover around the burrow during the winter. Key results Increased grazing pressure led to decreased persistence of lizard burrows. We also found that burrows with an overwintering lizard had a greater chance of persisting, but found no direct effect of winter vegetation cover or entrance diameter. Conclusions The results show that although pygmy bluetongue lizards may be able to stabilise their own burrows, the more intense the grazing the lower the chance of lizard burrow persistence. Implications Management of sheep grazing is an important component in future conservation of the endangered pygmy bluetongue lizard. Grazing on grassland with a lizard population should be kept at a moderate level and hard grazing should be avoided.
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Wagner, E. A., and P. A. Zani. "Escape behavior of Side-blotched Lizards (Uta stansburiana) in response to model predators." Canadian Journal of Zoology 95, no. 12 (December 2017): 965–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2016-0255.

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Few field studies have tested for geographic variation in escape behavior and even fewer have examined responses of prey to multiple predators despite most prey occurring in multipredator environments. We performed 458 escape trials on Side-blotched Lizards (Uta stansburiana Baird and Girard, 1852) from 10 populations that differed in predator abundances. We quantified escape behavior of Side-blotched Lizards when approached with one of two model predators: a lizard (Great Basin Collared Lizard (Crotaphytus bicinctores N.M. Smith and Tanner, 1972)) or a snake (Western Yellow-bellied Racer (Coluber mormon Baird and Girard, 1852)). Our results suggest that the escape responses of Side-blotched Lizards (flight initiation distance, distance fled, refuge entry) do not differ when approached by either a model predatory lizard or a model predatory snake. Nor do the escape responses of individual Side-blotched Lizards differ in relation to the abundances of predatory lizards or snakes in the local environment. Rather, only the directness of fleeing toward a refuge differed based on model predator type with Side-blotched Lizards fleeing more directly toward a refuge in response to a model lizard. These findings suggest that Side-blotched Lizards tend to use a more generalized escape response to approaching predators.
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Cooper, William E., and Wade C. Sherbrooke. "Choosing between a rock and a hard place: Camouflage in the round-tailed horned lizard Phrynosoma modestum." Current Zoology 58, no. 4 (August 1, 2012): 541–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/58.4.543.

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Abstract The round-tailed horned lizard Phrynosoma modestum is cryptically colored and resembles a small stone when it draws legs close to its body and elevates its back. We investigated effectiveness of camouflage in P. modestum and its dependence on stones by placing a lizard in one of two microhabitats (uniform sand or sand with surface rocks approximately the same size as lizards). An observer who knew which microhabitat contained the lizard was asked to locate the lizard visually. Latency to detection was longer and probability of no detection within 60 s was higher for lizards on rock background than on bare sand. In arenas where lizards could choose to occupy rock or bare sand, much higher proportions selected rocky backgrounds throughout the day; at night all lizards slept among stones. A unique posture gives P. modestum a rounded appearance similar to many natural stones. Lizards occasionally adopted the posture, but none did so in response to a nearby experimenter. Stimuli that elicit the posture are unknown. That P. modestum is better camouflaged among rocks than on bare sand and prefers to occupy rocky areas suggests that special resemblance to rocks (masquerade) enhances camouflage attributable to coloration and immobility.
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Wieczorek, Magdalena, Robert Rektor, Bartłomiej Najbar, and Federico Morelli. "Tick parasitism is associated with home range area in the sand lizard, Lacerta agilis." Amphibia-Reptilia 41, no. 4 (May 26, 2020): 479–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685381-bja10018.

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Abstract The sand lizard (Lacerta agilis) is a common species in Europe that inhabits a wide range of habitats, including anthropogenic environments. It is a frequent carrier of common ticks (Ixodes ricinus), which poses a severe threat to the lizards’ health. We determined the living space used by lizards in a rapidly changing environment and ascertained the number of parasitic ticks found throughout the reptile’s active season. We conducted telemetry research on a dynamically developing housing estate located on the outskirts of the city of Zielona Góra (western Poland) in 2016-2017. We obtained data from 16 adult lizards, from which we collected 2529 ticks. Using generalized linear models (GLMs), we determined the relationships among the number of transmitted parasites, size of occupied areas (minimum convex polygon, MCP), the weight of lizards, and sex of lizards. Results indicated that the number of ticks was negatively correlated with lizard body mass, but positively correlated with home range. Sex was not significantly associated with the number of ticks. Additionally, the parasite load was lower during the lizard’s non-breeding season than during the breeding season and was lower for males than for females during the non-breeding season. Males have larger home ranges than females.
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Murray, Ian W., Andrea Fuller, Hilary M. Lease, Duncan Mitchell, Blair O. Wolf, and Robyn S. Hetem. "The actively foraging desert lizard Pedioplanis husabensis (Husab Sand Lizard) behaviorally optimizes its energetic economy." Canadian Journal of Zoology 92, no. 10 (October 2014): 905–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2014-0086.

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The Husab Sand Lizard (Pedioplanis husabensis Berger-Dell’Mour and Mayer, 1989) is a recently described lacertid lizard endemic to a small region in the central Namib Desert. Although this species is of conservation concern, very little is known about how this lizard functions in its environment. We used the doubly labeled water method to measure the field energetics in this lizard species and we report on its foraging behavior. Pedioplanis husabensis had summer field metabolic rates (330 ± 140 J·d−1) that were similar to those of other similarly sized sit-and-wait foraging lizards (360 J·d−1), but only 43% that of an active foraging lizard of the same mass (770 J·d−1), despite using a movement-intensive, active foraging strategy. Additionally, the mean water influx rate (0.06 ± 0.03 mL·d−1) was 67% that of a desert reptile of the same size (0.09 mL·d−1). Active body temperatures were significantly lower in summer (34.3 ± 1.7 °C) than they were in autumn (36.8 ± 1.6 °C), and daily activity of lizards increased from 2.6 ± 0.9 h·d−1 in summer to 4.3 ± 1.9 h·d−1 in autumn. Relative to other species of actively foraging desert lizards, P. husabensis has lower energy requirements.
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Altunışık, Abdullah, and Halit Eksilmez. "Demographic life history traits in a population of a critically endangered species, Darevskia dryada (Darevsky & Tuniyev, 1997)." Animal Biology 68, no. 1 (2018): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15707563-17000092.

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AbstractKnowing the age structure of endangered species is important in order to contribute to future conservation studies for such species. In this context, we investigated age structure, age at sexual maturity, potential reproductive lifespan and longevity in a population of the Charnali lizard,Darevskia dryada, an endangered species from Turkey. The results show that the Charnali lizard has a longer life span than other lizards of the genusDarevskiathat live in the same region. We estimated that these lizards attain their sexual maturity at the age of one or two years and the potential reproductive life span for males and females is six and five years, respectively. As in many other lizards, the Charnali lizard exhibited a low-level male-biased sexual dimorphism in terms of increased size. We believe that this study, in which prior information related to the Charnali lizard is shared, will contribute to future conservation activities for this critically endangered species.
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Pérez-Mellado, Valentín, Javier Martín-Vallejo, Richard Brown, Antonia Picornell, José Castro, María Misericordia Ramón, Bárbara Terrassa, Teresa García-Díez, and José Ángel Hernández-Estévez. "Population density in Podarcis lilfordi (Squamata, Lacertidae), a lizard species endemic to small islets in the Balearic Islands (Spain)." Amphibia-Reptilia 29, no. 1 (2008): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853808783431587.

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Abstract The Balearic lizard, Podarcis lilfordi, is present in 43 insular populations in the Cabrera archipelago and around the coasts of Mallorca and Menorca islands (Spain). We studied lizard densities over the entire range of distribution, analyzing observed differences of density in relation to island area, habitat diversity, availability of resources, presence of predators, competitors and human disturbances. The density of the Balearic lizard varies from less than 35 to almost 8000 lizards ha–1, with an average of around 1500 lizards ha–1. In some very small islets we detected no more than 10 individuals. Using a subsample of nine coastal islets (Menorca) we did not find any significant correlation between ground arthropod biomass and lizard density. The combination of island area and its maximal altitude, its so-called biotic capacity, was also uncorrelated with lizard density. In addition, neither degree of island accessibility nor presence/absence of seagull breeding colonies, were able to explain lizard densities. Islands without ship rats (Rattus rattus) showed a significantly higher lizard density, but islands in which rat eradication programs were launched during the study period, showed lower densities than those with rats but no eradication actions. Genetic variability was significantly higher on bigger lizard populations, lacking a correlation with lizard densities. No single independent variable can explain density differences among populations under study. Our results are discussed in the light of available hypotheses on factors affecting population densities.
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De Jesus, Carrie, Chanakya Bhosale, Kristen Wilson, Zoe White, and Samantha M. Wisely. "Reptile Host Associations of Ixodes scapularis in Florida and Implications for Borrelia spp. Ecology." Pathogens 10, no. 8 (August 7, 2021): 999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10080999.

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Host associations of the tick vector for Lyme Borreliosis, Ixodes scapularis, differ across its geographic range. In Florida, the primary competent mammalian host of Lyme disease is not present but instead has other small mammals and herpetofauna that I. scapularis can utilize. We investigated host–tick association for lizards, the abundance of ticks on lizards and the prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (sl). To determine which lizard species I. scapularis associates with, we examined 11 native lizard species from historical herpetological specimens. We found that (294/5828) of the specimens had attached ticks. The most infested species were Plestiodon skinks (241/1228) and Ophisaurus glass lizards (25/572). These species were then targeted at six field sites across Florida and sampled from June to September 2020, using drift fence arrays, cover boards and fishing. We captured 125 lizards and collected 233 immature I. scapularis. DNA was extracted from ticks and lizard tissue samples, followed by PCR testing for Borrelia spp. Of the captured lizards, 69/125 were infested with immature I. scapularis. We did not detect Borrelia spp. from tick or lizard tissue samples. Overall, we found that lizards are commonly infested with I. scapularis. However, we did not detect Borrelia burgdorferi sl. These findings add to a growing body of evidence that lizards are poor reservoir species.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lizard"

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Holm, Peter 1959. "Two populations of the tree lizard (Urosaurus ornatus) in southern Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276767.

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Male growth is best described by a von Bertalanffy growth model and female growth by a logistic growth model. This sexual dimorphism is correlated with greater relative surface activity and lower survivorship of juvenile males when compared to juvenile females. Early-hatching (first clutch) offspring exhibit greater body size and survivorship compared to late-hatching (second clutch) offspring. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)
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McElroy, Eric J. "The Functional Morphology of Lizard Locomotion: Integrating Biomechanics,Kinematics, Morphology, and Behavior." Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1213879506.

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Stephen, Ian Stuart. "Ecology of an Amazonian lizard assemblage." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417837.

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An assemblage of lizards was studied in a remote part of the Colombian Amazon. Thirty-one species were collected and identified, making the study site the second highest area for species richness within Amazonia, and the third most diverse In the world. The study site could be classified as 'virgin' forest, practically untouched by man. Structurally Intact, and with flora and fauna present at few remaining sites within Amazonia the Caparü field site promised to be an interesting location to study the ecology of a little studied group. The autecology of each species present at the study site was investigated: species abundance, spatial distribution, diet, activity patterns and reproduction patterns. The results presented here show that the lizard assemblage Is both highly organized and complex Finally, the biogeography of both the Capani lizard assemblage, and that of the Amazon as a whole was also considered. Uzards were found in very low abundances, similar to other studied Amazonian localities (some species only collected once over the two year sampling period). The most abundant species where found to be those with both a generalist lifestyle and a wide distribution. The rarest species were often the most specialized, although extremely limited data was available and such conclusions are preliminary. Most species were dietary generalists, and where specialization occurred it focused on ants. All but one species present at the study site were diurnal. Uzard activity appears to follow the general diurnal lizard pattern, which is highly correlated with both temperature and rainfall. The assemblage was comprised of both heliotherms and non-heliotherms and basking species were most abundant in forest gap areas. The limited reproductive data available shows that the lizards present are aseasonal breeders, breeding throughout the year. All but one species was oviparous, and the other being ovoviviparous. Different methods were used to identify the individual niches of each lizard species. Niche breadths were highest in the most common species and overlap generally quite low. A positive correlation was also identified between niche breadth and body size. Micro habitat was found to be the most important structuring factor in the community, followed by diet. Interspecific competition is predicted to be very low. The Capard lizard assemblage was found to be most similar to other Upper Amazonian sites, although several similarities were shared with Guianan saurofaunas. In general, similarity decreased with increased distance between site pairs. Multivarlate analysis of locality data identified several regions of high species community similarity, and a major division between lizard faunas from eastern and western Amazonia was evident. Local endemism and areas of high diversity were compared with data from other groups such as birds and butterflies found in the literature. Such distribution patterns (including those identified here) suggest a reduction In forest cover and subsequent spedation in the Quaternary period. Biogeographical analysis based on combined distribution maps was performed and fourteen general distribution patterns were selected, adding to those already identified in the literature.
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Flingdal, Mana Trio. "The Broken Tail On a Lizard." Thesis, Konstfack, Inredningsarkitektur & Möbeldesign, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-5304.

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In this project I have investigated how a set of rules can be applied to a particular sight and program. Inspired by the rules of the ’divine ‘proportion I applied its system of repetition and algorithm in a particular site and created a bridge with a diverse program beyond the simple intention of bridging two ends. This project is a way of approaching the complexity of designing an architectural space. It is a helping guide on how, through a system I could evaluate and pay attention to spatial qualities. My system is based on the divine proportion and its parts. I have broken up the divine rectangle and used the parts to create a structure that connects the tow ends on this specific sight. In this project I have been investigating and testing how a sett of rules can be applied on a sight to crate proportion, composition and rhythm. The classic rule that is about movement in space, giving function to the space, the relation to the human body and a space being more diverse. These rules are the basics of the foundation of or field. The metaphor I have used is the broken tail of a lizard, that from the point of where it brakes takes another shape and creates a new structure, overlapping and connecting the old and the new. I have called this ”the nature’s broken proportions”. By that I mean, when the symmetry in the creation in the new tail is broken or reduced, it no longer is a continuation of the lizard’s body in that time and space, but an individually separated continuity with its own symmetry. It exist in parallel and as an extension of its past. The system I have created have helped me to define the boundaries and provided a clear structure of my design.  This project is to me about connecting my intuition on how life is withe how I design space. The structure and boundaries provided by this system of ”broken proportions”, has given me the tools to evaluate the quality of the spaces I created. I found freedom in my abstraction of this system by breaking up the logarithmic spiral, which is about continuity. This is a designing tool I used to create my bridge. My work is an illustration of a subjective idea, of breaking the continuity in space and time. Through using this system I could evaluate qualities like dimension, proportion, composition, rhythm, direction, sectioning and levels. All these quality’s given by this system, creates an abstract interpretation about my personal view of movement of this bridge.
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Ruddock, Lanral. "Social structure of the lizard, Cordylus giganteus." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51909.

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Thesis (MSc)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Cordylus giganteus is the largest lizard species of the family Cordylidae and is restricted in distribution to the highveld grasslands of the Free State, South Africa. Previous work on life history and physiological ecology suggested the need for further investigation into the social structure of C. giganteus, with the aim of improving knowledge on South African herpetofauna and contributing towards better conservation plans. Observations, recaptures, behavioural experiments and chemical analyses were made to investigate chemical communication, movements around and between burrows, spatial distribution and response to intruders. Sexual variation was found in both femoral gland proteins and lipids, while seasonal variation was found in lipids. Femoral gland proteins do not vary intra-individually. These results suggest alternate roles in communication for femoral gland proteins and lipids. Female C. giganteus showed a possible discriminatory ability between their own femoral gland secretion and that of other individuals. Burrow movements were characterised by very little time spent between burrows, high burrow fidelity and limited dispersal during seasons, other than movements associated with mating activity. Lizards remained in very close proximity to burrows. Male and female burrows were distributed in a clumped fashion, while male burrows were distributed randomly and female burrows were distributed randomly with respect to one another. There was a high degree of spatial association of male and female burrows. Male and female resident lizards responded aggressively to experimentally introduced conspecifics of the same sex, but exhibited no differential response towards neighbours or non-neighbours. Males and females exhibited similar levels of aggression towards intruders. The social system of C. giganteus can be defined as site defence, with very low frequencies of agonistic interactions. The social system of C. giganteus seems to be well suited to other aspects of its life history.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Cordylus giganteus is die grootste akkedis spesie van die familie Cordylidae en is beperk in verspreiding tot die hoeveld graslande van die Vrystaat, Suid Afrika. Vorige werk oor die lewensgeskiedenis en fisiologiese ekologie het aangedui dat verdere inligting oor die sosiale struktuur van C. giganteus nodig is, met die doelom kennis oor Suid-Afrikaanse herpetofauna te verbeter, en om beter bewaringsstrategieë daar te stel. Observasies, hervangs, gedragseksperimente en chemise analyses was uitgevoer om aspekte oor kommunikasie, bewegings tussen en om gate, gat verspreiding en reaksie teenoor indringer akkedisse, te bestudeer. Femorale klier afskeidings het seksuele variasie in beide die proteiene en die lipiede getoon, terwyl net die lipide seisoenale variasie getoon het. Femoral klier proteiene het nie seisoenale variasie binne individue getoon nie. Hierdie resultate dui op alternatiewe funksies vir die femoral klier proteiene en lipiede. Wyfie C. giganteus het moontlik tussen hule eie femoral klier sekreet en die van ander wyfies onderskei. Baie min tyd tussen gate, hoë lojaliteit teenoor gate en beperkte bewegings weg van gate het gat bewegings gekarakteriseer. Net gedurende die paarseisoen was daar meer bewegings tussen gate. Andersins, het akkedisse baie naby hul eie gate gebly. Mannetjie en wyfie gate was naby mekaar versprei, terwyl mannetjies ewekansig teenoor mekaar versprei was, en wyfies ewekansig teenoor mekaar versprei was. Die verspreiding van mannetjies en wyfies het baie van die verspreiding van die ander geslag afgehang, sodat daar 'n groot assosiasie tussen hulle was. Akkedisse wat gate bewoon het, was baie aggressief teenoor indringer akkedisse, maar het geen verskil in reaksie teenoor naburige akkedisse of nie-naburige akkedisse getoon nie. Mannetjies en wyfies het dieselfde aggressiwiteit teenoor indringers getoon. Die sosiale struktuur van C. giganteus kan geklassifiseer word as skuilings-beskerming, maar met baie lae frekwensies van sosiale interaksies. Dit blyk dat die sosiale struktuur van C. giganteus baie goed pas by ander aspekte van sy lewensstyl.
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Heathcote, Robert James Phillip. "Secondary contact in the European wall lizard." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:664d8615-7980-4e10-89b0-785cd7e7f0e3.

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A critical mechanism underpinning current biological diversity is the extent to which one species mates with, or avoids mating with, another. However, little is known about the factors that mediate hybridisation, especially during the initial and rarely observed stages of secondary contact when interspecific interactions have not responded to selection. In particular, whilst hybridisation is ultimately a behavioural phenomenon, the role of behaviour in mediating hybridisation and how it is influenced by environmental and circumstantial factors is rarely investigated. Recently introduced species provide us with unequalled opportunities to study these factors. In this thesis I examine the role of behavioural mechanisms, in particular male-male competition and mate choice, in mediating mating patterns between two genetically and phenotypically distinct lineages of European wall lizard (Podarcis muralis) that have come into recent secondary contact through human introductions. In Chapter Two, I investigated how sexual selection during allopatry is responsible for creating stark differences in phenotypic traits such as body size and weapon performance evident in the two lineages today, ultimately explaining the strong biases in dominance during territorial disputes between males. However, I also show that even given this asymmetry in male competitive ability, the extent to which it extrapolates into greater access to females in naturalistic, outdoor enclosures depends strongly on the spatial clustering of basking sites, a critically important resource for many ectotherms. In contrast to initial predictions suggested by asymmetries in male competition outlined in the previous chapter, in Chapter Three I show that both paternity and courtship behaviour was strongly assortative in the outdoor enclosures. Further investigation through staged experiments on olfactory mate choice, mating trials and analyses on specific behavioural data obtained in an enclosure experiment, I show that lineage based dominance actually contributes to assortative mating patterns in conjunction with weak conspecific male choice. In contrast, female choice seems to play no role in mediating the mating patterns observed between the two lineages. In Chapter Four I had the rare opportunity to examine the morphological and behavioural factors that predict why animals should hybridise in the first place, using the data obtained in the enclosure experiment above. I found that hybridisation was particularly common between small individuals of the larger lineage and large individuals of the smaller lineage; a result that corroborates the mechanisms determining the assortative patterns uncovered in Chapter Three. Additionally, hybridisation rates were particularly high in less dominant individuals, which I suggest is due to subordinate males having reduced opportunities for courting conspecific females due to male-male competition, requiring them to become less ‘choosy’ and therefore more likely to mate with heterospecifics. Finally, secondary contact cannot occur without at least one lineage coming into a new environment, and yet relatively little attention is paid to how this environmental change can affect the signals involved in intraspecific communication and mate choice. In Chapter Five I show that a change in the amount of time male lizards spend thermoregulating (a likely consequence of arriving in a new environment) significantly changes the chemical composition of their scent marks. However, whilst female lizards were able to detect these effects, they did not seem to base their mating decisions on them. Nevertheless, this result raises interesting questions about the potential function and consequences of this plasticity, and highlights the importance of considering plasticity in chemical communication in heterogeneous environments. Overall, this thesis shows the critically important role of behaviour in mediating intra- and interspecific mating patterns during recent secondary contact. In particular, it highlights how the direction and extent of hybridisation and competition are influenced by the degree to which differing morphological and behavioural phenotypes interact over a heterogeneous environment, particularly during the initial stage of secondary contact when mate choice has not had the chance to respond to the selective pressures of hybridisation.
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Huf, Peter A., and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Androgen metabolism in the Australian lizard Tiliqua Rugosa." Deakin University. School of Sciences, 1989. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20051111.134448.

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Nonmammalian vertebrates possess some unusual features in their hormonal systems/ when compared to mammals. As a consequence, they can make an important contribution in investigations concerning the fundamental mechanisms operating in endocrinology. Such studies concerning androgens include inter alia their effects on developmental aspects in the brain of birds and related singing behaviour; the role of neural enzymes in reproductive processes in fish; and the relation between androgens and the stages of spermatogenesis in amphibia, The present thesis examines the biochemistry of androgens in the Australian lizard Tiliqua rugosa. The major compounds studied were testosterone and epitestosterone, which are known to be present in high concentrations in the plasma of the male animal. Previous investigations are expanded, particularly in the areas of steroid identification and testicular biosynthesis. In addition, preliminary studies on the metabolism in the brain (and other tissues) and plasma protein binding are reported. The presence of epitestosterone as a major free androgen in the plasma of the male lizard was confirmed. Other steroids were found in the sulphate fraction. Testosterone sulphate was the most rigorously identified compound, while some evidence was also found for the presence of conjugated 5-androstene-3β,17-diols, etiocholanolone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA). Epitestosterone does not appear to be extensively conjugated in this animal. Steroids were not found to be conjugated as glucuronides. The identification studies employed a novel method of electrochemical detection of steroids. This technique was investigated and extended in the current thesis. Biosynthetic studies were carried out on androgen interconversions in the testis, in vitro. The major enzyme activities detected were 17α-arid 17β-oxidoreductases (17α-OR and l7β-OR) and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD)/isonerase. No evidence was found for the presence of a steroid-17-epimerase that would directly interconvert testosterone and epitestosterone. The 17-oxidoreductases were found to be dependent on the cofactor NBDFH. Testosterone appears to be formed mainly via the 4-ene pathway, whereas epitestosterone is formed from both the 4- and 5-ene routes. The compound 5-androstene-3β, 17α-diol was found to be an intermediate in the synthesis of epitestosterone from DHA. Temperature was found to significantly affect 17α-OR activity (maximum at 32°C). In contrast,17β-OR activity was independent of this factor in the testis. Androgen metabolism in the testis was found to be regulated by cofactors, temperature and season. The major enzyme activities found in the male brain were 17α- and 17β-OR. 3βHSD/isomerase was not found; however a low activity of 5α-reductase was identified. Aromatase activity was not positively identified, but preliminary results suggest that it may be present at low levels. The 17-oxidoreductases were widespread throughout the brain. The 17α-OR was significantly lower in the forebrain than other brain sections. The 170-OR activity did not vary significantly throughout the organ, although there was a trend for its activity to be higher in the midbrain region (containing the hypothalamus in these sections). The concentration of endogenous steroids in brain tissue was estimated by radioimmunoassay. Epitestosterone was found throughout the organ structure, whereas testosterone was found mainly in the midbrain (containing hypothalamic regions in these sections). Correlations between enzyme activities and steroid concentrations in brain regions suggested that the main function of 17α-OR is to produce epitestosterone, whereas the 17β-OR may catalyse a more reversible reaction in vivo. Temperature was found to significantly affect both 17α- and 17β-OR activities in the brain. In contrast to the testis, the maximum activity of the brain enzymes occurred at 37°C. The level of 17α-OR activity in the male lizard (100 nmol/g tissue/h) is the highest reported for this enzyme in vertebrates. Both activities were found to be quantitatively similar in the whole brain homogenates of male and female animals, and did not vary seasonally when examined in the male. The 17-oxidoreductases were also found in most other tissues in T.rugosa, including epididymis, adrenal, kidney and liver (but not blood). This suggests that the high activities of both 17α-OR and 17β-OR are dominant features of the steroid system in this animal. The formation of 11-oxygenated compounds was found in the adrenal, in addition to the formation of polar metabolites in the kidney and liver (possibly polyhydroxylated and conjugated steroids). A preliminary investigation into the plasma binding of androgens was carried out. The insults suggest that there are several binding sites for testosterone; one with high affinity and low capacity; the other with low affinity and high capacity. Binding experiments were carried out at 32°C. At this temperature, specific binding was greater than at 25 or 37°C. From the results of competition studies it was suggested that epitestosterone (with a K(i)= 3 X 10 (-6)M for testosterone binding) regulates the binding of testosterone (K(i)=10(-7)M) and hence the concentrations of the latter steroid as a free compound in plasma. In general, the study has shown that the biochemistry of androgens in the reptile T.rugosa is largely similar to that found in other vertebrates. The major difference is a greatly increased activity of 17α-OR, which causes a higher concentration of 17α-compounds to be present in the tissues of this lizard. The physiological roles for epitestosterone are not yet clear. However it appears from this study that this steroid regulates testosterone concentrations in several tissues by either steroidogenic or binding mechanisms. Several major influences on this regulation include temperature, availability of cofactors and seasonal effects.
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Chung, Henry E. (Henry Edmund). "Physicochemical properties of the alligator lizard tectorial membrane." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39362.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1994.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 44-46).
by Henry E. Chung.
M.Eng.
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Michaelides, Sozor Nikos. "Genetics of colonisation in the common wall lizard." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8d4979dd-febf-45cf-880b-eb9845f8b2be.

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In this thesis I set out to further our understanding of the causes and consequences of genetic variation after colonisation events. Specifically, I focused on how historical processes shape genetic diversity and to what extent we can link colonisation history, genetic diversity, individual fitness and population viability. To achieve this, I used a combination of molecular markers, analytical tools and the common wall lizard, Podarcis muralis as a study system. I first infer the origin and genetic architecture of isolated population on islands at the range margin, in relation to mainland populations, to determine whether their current distribution and genetic structure are a result of a historical colonisation event or a more recent introduction. I then unravel the details of human-mediated introductions of P. muralis in England to further test which factors affect their genetic structure. I ask about the contribution of multiple introductions and admixture, the importance of number of founders and the year since their introduction and whether bottleneck events during primary and /or secondary introduction predict the level of genetic diversity in the non-native range. Throughout this study I obtain information on population genetic structure and composition from both native and non-native ranges. This is essential since the (complex) phylogeographic structure of P. muralis in the native range determines the distribution and structure of genetic diversity from which colonists are drawn and the details of colonisation will then reflect in the genetics of non-native populations. Lastly, I assess the consequences of colonisation on reproductive fitness and test for heterozygosity fitness correlations at the individual and population level. Overall, this thesis demonstrates why reconstructing the colonisation history is important when aiming to understand the causes and consequences of genetic variation during colonisation. This information is critical when assessing the relationship between genetic diversity and establishment success. Whether non-native populations have retained sufficient evolutionary potential to adapt to their new climate their long-term viability will be dictated by availability of suitable habitat rather than by internal population factors.
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Reardon, James T. "Natural selection and evolutionary ecology in Anolis oculatus." Thesis, Bangor University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297668.

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Books on the topic "Lizard"

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Hulme-Cross, Benjamin. Lizard. London: A. & C. Black, 2014.

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Yoshimoto, Banana. Lizard. New York: Washington Square Press, 1996.

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Banana, Yoshimoto. Lizard. London: Faber and Faber, 1995.

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Serventy, Vincent. Lizard. Milwaukee, Wis: Raintree Childrens Books, 1986.

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Banana, Yoshimoto. Lizard. London: Faber, 2001.

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Lizard. Victoria, Texas, USA: Chax, 2016.

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Banana, Yoshimoto. Lizard. New York: Grove Press, 1995.

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Covington, Dennis. Lizard. New York, N.Y: Delacorte Press, 1991.

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Covington, Dennis. Lizard. London: Bloomsbury, 1996.

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Banana, Yoshimoto. Lizard. New York: Washington Square Press, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lizard"

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Miller, Laura T., Lionel Stange, Charles MacVean, Jorge R. Rey, J. H. Frank, R. F. Mizell, John B. Heppner, et al. "Lizard Beetles." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2212. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_2066.

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Higham, Timothy E. "Lizard Locomotion." In Behavior of Lizards, 47–86. Boca Raton, Florida : CRC Press, [2019]: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781498782739-3.

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Kuo, Chi-Yun, Martha M. Muñoz, and Duncan J. Irschick. "Lizard Foraging." In Behavior of Lizards, 87–105. Boca Raton, Florida : CRC Press, [2019]: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781498782739-4.

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Manley, Geoffrey A. "The Alligator Lizard and Granite Spiny Lizard." In Peripheral Hearing Mechanisms in Reptiles and Birds, 112–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83615-2_7.

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Shaikh, Danish, John Hallam, Jakob Christensen-Dalsgaard, and Lei Zhang. "A Braitenberg Lizard: Continuous Phonotaxis with a Lizard Ear Model." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 439–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02267-8_47.

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Caldwell, Michael Wayne. "Ancient Snake Lizard Paleoecology." In The Origin of Snakes, 165–91. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2019.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315118819-4.

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Caldwell, Michael Wayne. "Ancient Snake Lizard Phylogeny." In The Origin of Snakes, 219–57. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2019.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315118819-6.

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Hutchins, Elizabeth D., Jeanne Wilson-Rawls, and Kenro Kusumi. "Regeneration: Lessons from the Lizard." In Innovations in Molecular Mechanisms and Tissue Engineering, 23–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44996-8_2.

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Nelson, Nicola J., Richard L. Romijn, Terra Dumont, James T. Reardon, Joanne M. Monks, Rodney A. Hitchmough, Raewyn Empson, and James V. Briskie. "Lizard Conservation in Mainland Sanctuaries." In New Zealand Lizards, 321–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41674-8_12.

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Manley, Geoffrey A. "The Monitor Lizard, Varanus bengalensis." In Peripheral Hearing Mechanisms in Reptiles and Birds, 144–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83615-2_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Lizard"

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Seaborne, Andy. "Lizard." In XML London 2015 Conference. London: XML London, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.14337/xmllondon15.seaborne01.

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Sturdee, Miriam, Jason Alexander, Paul Coulton, and Sheelagh Carpendale. "Sketch & The Lizard King." In CHI '18: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3170427.3188408.

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Li, Jim S. Jimmy, Damian Tohl, Sharmil Randhawa, Leili Shamimi, and C. Michael Bull. "Non-invasive lizard identification using signature curves." In TENCON 2009 - 2009 IEEE Region 10 Conference. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tencon.2009.5395852.

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Bergevin, Christopher, David S. Velenovsky, Kevin E. Bonine, Christopher A. Shera, and Elizabeth S. Olson. "Coupled, Active Oscillators and Lizard Otoacoustic Emissions." In WHAT FIRE IS IN MINE EARS: PROGRESS IN AUDITORY BIOMECHANICS: Proceedings of the 11th International Mechanics of Hearing Workshop. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3658130.

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Kim, Jeongryul, Hongmin Kim, Youngsoo Kim, Hwa Soo Kim, and Jongwon Kim. "Design of Lizard-Inspired Robot with Lateral Body Motion." In 2018 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros.2018.8594086.

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Kim, Chang-Hoi, Ho-Cheol Shin, and Heung-Ho Lee. "Trotting gait analysis of a lizard using motion capture." In 2013 13th International Conference on Control, Automaton and Systems (ICCAS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccas.2013.6704140.

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Kaczmarek, Adam L., Jacek Lebiedź, Jakub Jaroszewicz, and Wojciech Świeszkowski. "3D Scanning of Semitransparent Amber with and without Inclusions." In WSCG'2021 - 29. International Conference in Central Europe on Computer Graphics, Visualization and Computer Vision'2021. Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24132/csrn.2021.3101.16.

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This paper is concerned with making 3D scans of semitransparent ambers with and without inclusions. The paper presents results of using a variety of devices applied for this purpose. Equipment used in the experiments includes a 3D laser scanner, a structured light scanner, a stereo camera, a camera array and a tomograph. The main object used in the experiment was an amber with a fossil of a lizard. The paper shows possibilities of acquiring the 3D structure of fossils embedded in semitransparent material which interfere with the measurement performed by 3D scanning equipment. Moreover, the paper shows the application of results of 3D scanning as the 3D scan of a lizard was reconstructed in a virtual reality cave making it possible to visualize in detail its shape and texture
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Supriatna, A. K., Q. Rachmadani, F. Ilahi, N. Anggriani, and N. Nuraini. "Age structured dynamical model for an endangered lizard Eulamprus leuraensis." In SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMATHEMATICS (SYMOMATH 2013). AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4866542.

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Valdeón, Aitor, Aurora M. Castilla, Dan Cogӑlniceanu, Beatriz Laso, Edurne Martínez Del Castillo, Essam O. h. Saifelnasr, Ahmad Amer Mohammed Al-hemaidi, and Luis Alberto Longares. "Predicting The Distribution Of Lizard Species In Qatar Using Mathematical Models." In Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qfarc.2014.eepp0680.

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Tohl, Damian, Jim S. Jimmy Li, Leili Shamiminoori, and C. Michael Bull. "Image asymmetry measurement for the study of endangered Pygmy Bluetongue Lizard." In 2013 28th International Conference of Image and Vision Computing New Zealand (IVCNZ). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivcnz.2013.6726995.

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Reports on the topic "Lizard"

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Mike McEntire, Mike McEntire. What Pathogens Threaten the Texas Horned Lizard? Experiment, March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/4854.

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Dehghan Niri, Ehsan, and Hamidreza Marvi. A Lizard-inspired Tube Inspector (LTI) Robot. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1902695.

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Pranav Khandelwal, Pranav Khandelwal. How the dragon glides: the biomechanics of a flying lizard. Experiment, March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/6765.

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Abts, Marvin. The life history strategy of the saxicolous desert lizard, Sauromalus obesus. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.8.

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Abts, Marvin. Thermal Ecology and Movement in the Leopard Lizard, Gambelia Wislizeni, Baird and Girard. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2401.

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William I. Boarman, Ph.D., William I. Boarman, Ph D. Using eDNA in Quest to Rediscover Zug’s Monitor Lizard: a Top 25 Most Wanted Lost Species. Experiment, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/45050.

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Campbell, James. The metabolic cost of behavioral thermoregulation of body temperature in the northern alligator lizard Gerrhonotus coeruleus, and how it affects the classical concept of eurythermality. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.3139.

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Colin Donihue, Colin Donihue. Are Greek lizards adapting to live with humans? Experiment, March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/2180.

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Michael Carlo, Michael Carlo. Can lizards change their nesting behavior to survive climate change? Experiment, December 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/4259.

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Olmo López, Nieves, and Javier Turnay Abad. Mujeres en Bioquímica: María Antonia Lizarbe (1951 - 2019). Sociedad Española de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18567/sebbmdiv_rmb.2020.11.1.

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