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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Livestock Carcasses Evaluation

Academic literature on the topic 'Livestock Carcasses Evaluation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Livestock Carcasses Evaluation"

1

Ellis, M., G. M. Webster, I. Brown, and B. G. Merrell. "Eating quality evaluation of meat from the crossbred lamb progeny of three terminal sire breeds." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1992 (March 1992): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030822960002287x.

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Consumer acceptability of lamb is ultimately determined by the eating quality of the meat. This paper reports on the eating quality evaluation of lean samples obtained from carcasses of crossbred lambs sired by Suffolk, Texel and Charollais rams.The lambs used in this study were part of a larger experiment to compare the growth performance and carcass quality of lambs sired by rams of the Suffolk, Texel and Charollais breeds (Merrell, Webster and Ellis, 1990: BSAP Occasional Publication No. 14, pp. 169-172).An upland flock of approximately 350 Mule (Bluefaced Leicester ♂ x Scottish Blackface ♀) was used to produce the lambs. Eight unrelated rams of each of the three sire breeds were mated to the ewes over two years (4 rams per breed per year). Their crossbred progeny were selected for slaughter when it was estimated that they would produce carcasses of Meat and Livestock Commission fat class 2 to 3L. All lambs had been multiple-born and reared as twins.

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2

Sonaya, E. B., J. R. Stouffer, and H. R. Cross. "Application Of A Real-time Linear Array Ultrasound System To The Evaluation Of Live Cattle." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 19 (January 16, 2021): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v19i.2084.

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A real time linear array ultrasound machine was assessed for bias accuracy and precision. A total of 51 heifers, and steers were scanned for fat thickness over the longissimus muscle, the shoulder and rump; for M. longissimus area between the 12th and 13th ribs; and marbling was subjectively evaluated from M. longissimus scans. Ultrasound data were compared with a live judging committee estimates and with carcass values obtained during USDA grading. Data adjusted for live weight were analysed by correlation and regression techniques. Ultrasound estimates of fat thickness were lower (P<.01) than carcass measurements. Shoulder fat thickness estimation was the lowest in precision and accuracy. The residual standard deviations of ultrasound estimates of fat thickness were not (P>.05) influenced by fat thickness and sex. Ultrasound estimates of M. longissimus area were not different (P>.05) from carcass values and were high in precision (RSD: 2.6 to 6.5cm2). The precision and accuracy of data collected by real time linear array ultrasound system indicate a potential for the application of the ultrasound technique to grading of livestock and carcasses.

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3

Simm, G., and S. V. Murphy. "The effects of selection for lean growth in Suffolk sires on the saleable meat yield of their crossbred progeny." Animal Science 62, no. 2 (April 1996): 255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800014557.

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AbstractThis experiment involved a commercial evaluation of carcasses of extensively reared crossbred lambs. These were sired by Suffolk rams from either a selection line or a control line of a Scottish Agricultural College (SAC) selection experiment, in which selection wasfor lean growth, or by Suffolk ‘reference sires’ from an industry co-operative breeding scheme (SSRS). The lambs were slaughtered at a target live weight of 42 kg between June and October 1992. In total, 421 lamb carcasses were included in the evaluation, 173 from six selection-line rams, 193 from six control-line rams and 55from three SSRS rams. Each of the carcasses was visually appraised for estimated subcutaneous fat proportion and for conformation of the shoulder, loin and leg, as well as being classified using conventional Meat and Livestock Commission (MLC) scales for fat and conformation. Animals were slaughtered at an average age of 139·5 (s.d. 25·6) days and achieved an average cold carcass weight of 20·04 (s.d. 0·96) kg. Carcasses had an average estimated subcutaneous fat proportion of 122·3 (s.d. 22·4) g/kg — equivalent to MLC fat class 3L to 3H. Overall conformation scores, on a 15-point scale, averaged 8·63 (s.d. 1·80) points. Carcasses were cut into joints according to a leading supermarket specification. The weights of pairs of shoulder, flank, loin and leg joints were obtained for each carcass, as well as weights of bone and fat removed during jointing. Saleable meat weights and proportions averaged 15·31 (s.d. 0·76) kg and 765·9 (s.d. 10·0) g/kg respectively. At a constant carcass weight, the SAC selection-line progeny were significantly younger (-11 days), had a significantly higher carcass value (+£1·50), a significantly lower estimated subcutaneous fat proportion (-13 g/kg), and a significantly higher weight of saleable meat (+0·1 kg) and higher proportion ofsaleable meat (+4 glkg) than control-line progeny, but had lower conformation scores. SSRS progeny had similar growth and fatness to selection-line lambs, but had poorer conformation, and significantly more bone in the carcass than either of the SAC lines. When comparisons were made at a constant estimated subcutaneous fat proportion, all differences in conformation between SAC lines disappeared. However, SSRS progeny remained poorer in conformation. The SSRS rams werefrom afoundation generation of the scheme, and were not expected to be markedly superior for carcass characteristics. Carcass weight was byfar the most important predictor of weight of saleable meat, or leg and loin joint weights. Conformation and estimated fat proportion made only marginal improvements, if any, to the precision of prediction, with fat proportion being the more important of the two predictors.

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4

Carabús, Anna, Marina Gispert, and Maria Font-i-Furnols. "Imaging technologies to study the composition of live pigs: A review." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 14, no. 3 (August 31, 2016): e06R01. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2016143-8439.

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Image techniques are increasingly being applied to livestock animals. This paper overviews recent advances in image processing analysis for live pigs, including ultrasound, visual image analysis by monitoring, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. The methodology for live pigs evaluation, advantages and disadvantages of different devices, the variables and measurements analysed, the predictions obtained using these measurements and their accuracy are discussed in the present paper. Utilities of these technologies for livestock purposes are also reviewed. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging yield useful results for the estimation of the amount of fat and lean mass either in live pigs or in carcasses. Ultrasound is not sufficiently accurate when high precision in estimating pig body composition is necessary but can provide useful information in agriculture to classify pigs for breeding purposes or before slaughter. Improvements in factors, such as the speed of scanning, cost and image accuracy and processing, would advance the application of image processing technologies in livestock animals.

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5

Diestre, A., and A. J. Kempster. "The estimation of pig carcass composition from different measurements with special reference to classification and grading." Animal Science 41, no. 3 (December 1985): 383–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000335610003645x.

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AbstractData for 1002 pigs slaughtered between 1979 and 1982 from the Meat and Livestock Commission's Commercial Pig Evaluation scheme were used to examine the relative precision of different measurements for predicting carcass lean concentration. The sample covered the main market weights in Britain and comprised gilts and barrows. The overall means of carcass weight and lean concentration were 66·1 (s.d. 20·00) kg and 499 (s.d. 44·2) g/kg. Predictors were examined when used in addition to carcass weight.Of the measurements taken on the intact or centre-split carcass, fat thickness measured by optical probe 65 mm from the dorsal mid line over the m. longissimus at the last rib was the most precise predictor of lean concentration (residual s.d. = 24·6 g/kg). The precision was improved significantly when a mid-line loin fat thickness measurement was added (residual s.d. = 23·7). The stability of the selected regression equations was examined by applying them to data for three other sets of carcasses (totalling 489 carcasses) sampled from commercial abattoirs between 1975 and 1983. Biases (predicted minus actual lean concentrations) ranged from +13 to −25 g/kg.Among the measurements taken on the cut surface at the last rib, fat thickness 8 cm from the dorsal mid line was the most precise predictor (residual s.d. = 22·4 g/kg). The precision was improved significantly when m. longissimus depth was added (residual s.d. = 20·3 g/kg). Prediction bias with these measurements was similar to that recorded with the intact or split-carcass measurements. In both cases, bias tended to increase with the number of independent variables in the prediction equations.

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6

SOUZA, L. C. T., J. G. PEREIRA, T. L. B. SPINA, T. B. IZIDORO, A. C. OLIVEIRA, and J. P. A. N. PINTO. "Microbiological Evaluation of Chicken Carcasses in an Immersion Chilling System with Water Renewal at 8 and 16 Hours." Journal of Food Protection 75, no. 5 (May 1, 2012): 973–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-376.

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Since 2004, Brazil has been the leading exporter of chicken. Because of the importance of this sector in the Brazilian economy, food safety must be ensured by control and monitoring of the production stages susceptible to contamination, such as the chilling process. The goal of this study was to evaluate changes in microbial levels on chicken carcasses and in chilling water after immersion in a chilling system for 8 and 16 h during commercial processing. An objective of the study was to encourage discussion regarding the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture Livestock and Food Supply regulation that requires chicken processors to completely empty, clean, and disinfect each tank of the chilling system after every 8-h shift. Before and after immersion chilling, carcasses were collected and analyzed for mesophilic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, coliforms, and Escherichia coli. Samples of water from the chilling system were also analyzed for residual free chlorine. The results do not support required emptying of the chiller tank after 8 h; these tanks could be emptied after 16 h. The results for all carcasses tested at the 8- and 16-h time points indicated no significant differences in the microbiological indicators evaluated. These data provide both technical and scientific support for discussing changes in federal law regarding the management of immersion chilling water systems used as part of the poultry processing line.

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Chae, Jeong-Seok, Jun-Min Jeon, Kyeong-Cheol Oh, Hee-Wook Ryu, and Shin-do Kim. "Evaluation of Field Applicability and Odor Emission Characteristics for Pig Carcasses Burial Treatment of Pilot Scale using Livestock Compost." Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 33, no. 2 (April 30, 2017): 108–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5572/kosae.2017.33.2.108.

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8

Yeboah, Philip, FNA Odoi, M. Teye, and T. Yangtul. "The growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler guinea fowls (Numida meleagris) fed on diets containing RE3™ probiotics." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 20, no. 07 (December 18, 2020): 16969–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.95.19185.

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The increasing abuse of antibiotics in production of food animals has led to development of resistant strains of bacteria (and other microbiota) which are responsible for several infectious diseases in animals and in humans. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of RE3TM, a third-generation probiotic used in place of a conventional antibiotics (to minimise incidence of antimicrobial resistance in livestock and human consumers), on growth performance and some carcass characteristics of guinea fowls. One hundred and twenty guinea fowl keets of mixed sexes with an average weight of 28.3±0.364g were used for the study conducted in a Completely Randomised Design. There were 4 treatments in which RE3TMwas incorporated at; 0.0ml/kg feed (Diet 1; Control), 1.0ml/kg feed (Diet 2) ,1.5ml/kg feed (Diet 3) and 2.0ml/kg feed (Diet 4); each treatment had 30birds. The feeding trial covered the entire meat production phase (starter, grower and finisher) which lasted for 84 days. Feed and water were given ad libitum.At maturity (12 weeks old), a total of thirty-six (36) birds (9 from each treatment, comprising 5 males and 4 females across the treatments) were selected, weighed and slaughtered.Carcass and viscera weights were taken, carcasses were then sectioned into primal cuts after 24-hour chilling at 4°C. Breast muscles from sampled carcasses were grilled for sensory evaluation by a trained panel, whilst the thigh muscles were subjected to proximate analyses. Data obtained were analysed for statistical significance using the one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Test, of the GenStat Statistical Package (Discovery Edition,VSN, 2012). Results obtained showed higher (p<0.05) growth rates and lower feed conversion ratio for birds on the diets with 1.0 ml of RE3TM per Kg feed. The carcass and body parts characteristics assessed however, showed no significant differences (p>0.05), except for the thighs which were heavier (p<0.05) in birds on the RE3TM supplemented diets, compared with those on the control diets.The use of RE3™ probiotics, up to 2.0ml/kg feed for guinea fowls, had no adverse effects on the growth of the birds, but it reduced the cost of providing medication for the birds. Fat content in the meat reduced, as inclusions of RE3TMincreased in the diets. It is recommended that relevant Government authorities and other stakeholders should aid in promoting the use of probiotics, instead of antibiotics in livestock production to minimise possible antibiotic residue in meat.

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9

Kempster, A. J., J. P. Chadwick, and D. D. Charles. "Estimation of the carcass composition of different cattle breeds and crosses from fatness measurements and visual assessments." Journal of Agricultural Science 106, no. 2 (April 1986): 223–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600063802.

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SUMMARYCarcass data for 1053 steers from the Meat and Livestock Commission's beef breed evaluation programme were used to examine the relative precision of alternative fatness assessments for predicting carcass lean percentage. The data were from four trials and comprised both dairy-bred and suckler-bred cattle by a wide range of sire breeds.A visual assessment of carcass subcutaneous fat content to the nearest percentage unit (SFe) was the single most precise predictor both overall (residual S.d. = 2·28) and within breed (residual S.d. = 2·05). Precision was improved by the addition in multiple regression of the percentage perinephric and retroperitoneal fat (KKCF) in carcass, a visual score of the degree of marbling in the m. longissimus and selected fat thickness measurements taken by calipers on cut surfaces (residual S.d. = 2·11 (overall) and 1·90 (within breed)).When the best overall equation was applied to the breed means, there was substantial bias (predicted – actual carcass lean percentage). Biases ranged from +2·5 (purebred Canadian Holstein and Luing) to – 1·3 (Limousin crosses).Breeds differed significantly in carcass lean content when compared at equal levels of fatness measurements. The differences depended both on the precision with which the measurements predicted carcass lean content and the observed differences in carcass composition that existed before adjustments to equal fatness were made.The robustness of prediction equations was examined by applying them to independent sets of data (a total of 334 carcasses) from four other trials involving steers, heifers, cows and young bulls. Equations were stable for cattle of the same breed, sex and similar levels of fatness but important bias was found between more extreme types of cattle.

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10

Chae, Jeong-Seok, Jun-Min Jeon, Kyeong-Cheol Oh, Hee-Wook Ryu, and Shin-do Kim. "Retraction to : Evaluation of Field Applicability and Odor Emission Characteristics for Pig Carcasses Burial Treatment of Pilot Scale using Livestock Compost." Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 34, no. 2 (April 30, 2018): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.5572/kosae.2018.34.2.366.

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Books on the topic "Livestock Carcasses Evaluation"

1

21st, Century Concepts Important to Meat-Animal Evaluation (1991 Madison Wis ). Proceedings, 21st Century Concepts Important to Meat-Animal Evaluation: Theoretical principles and practical applications. Madison, Wis: Dept. of Meat and Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin in cooperation with the University of Wisconsin Extension, 1991.

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2

Boggs, Donald L. Livestock and carcasses: An integrated approach to evaluation, grading, and selection. 5th ed. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt, 1998.

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1926-, Merkel Robert Anthony, ed. Live animal carcass evaluation and selection manual. 4th ed. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co., 1993.

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4

1926-, Merkel Robert Anthony, ed. Live animal carcass evaluation and selection manual. 3rd ed. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co., 1990.

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Livestock and Carcasses Evaluation. 5th ed. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, 1998.

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LIVESTOCK AND CARCASSES: AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO EVALUATION, GRADING AND SELECTION: An Integrated Approach To Evaluation, Grading And Selection. 6th ed. Kendall-Hunt, 2005.

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