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Journal articles on the topic 'Livelihoods'
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1
Dijk, Tara van. "Livelihoods, capitals and livelihood trajectories." Progress in Development Studies 11, no. 2 (April 2011): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146499341001100202.
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Laitupa, Jufri Pachri, Mulyono S. Baskoro, Budy Wiryawan, and Mustaruddin Mustaruddin. "Livelihoods Sustainability of Tuna Handline Fishery in Buru Island." Agrikan Jurnal Agribisnis Perikanan 16, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.52046/agrikan.v16i1.1368.
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This study aims to assess the status of the sustainability and the factors supporting or hindering the livelihoods of tuna hand line fishermen on Buru Island which includes Buru and south Buru regency. This study applied the FLIRES (Fisheries Livelihood Resilience) Check instrument which combines the principles of the Sustainable Livelihood Analysis (SLA) with the RAPFISH approach. Data collection started from March to August 2020, through observations and interviews of tuna hand line fishermen respondents in seventeen coastal villages in Buru and South Buru. Data were analyzed using RAPFISH which includes multidimensional scaling (MDS), leverage and monte carlo analysis. The results obtained, some index values of livelihood’s sustainability of tuna hand line fishers in the research location, in six fields, namely natural, human, physical, financial, social and instituional, ranged from 43.11 to 69.43, which indicate that the status of livelihoods in Buru is less sustainable in the natural field, while in South Buru it less sustainable in the human, physical and financial fields. Meanwhile, other fields indicate a fairly sustainable status. This study also identified there were 17 sensitive attributes from all fields that were supporting or hindering factors for the livelihood of tuna hand line fishermen in the research location. This finding has been expected to become a reference in improving the sustainability of the livelihoods of tuna hand line fishermen on Buru Island.
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Sadaf, Tahira, Rakhshanda Kousar, Zia Mohy Ul Din, Qaisar Abbas, Muhammad Sohail Amjad Makhdum, and Javaria Nasir. "Cotton production for the sustainable livelihoods in Punjab Pakistan: a case study of district Muzaffargarh." International Journal of Ethics and Systems 38, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoes-06-2021-0115.
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Purpose This study aims to analyze access of cotton growers to Sustainable Livelihoods Assets Pakistani Punjab. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the department for international development (DFID’s) sustainable livelihoods framework (DFID) (1999). Where data collection was done by using a well-structured questionnaire from 200 randomly selected cotton growers of the district Muzaffargarh. There are five livelihood assets (human assets, natural assets, financial assets, physical assets and social assets) in the SLF, this study has used three different indicators/proxies for each asset except natural assets, where four indicators were used to capture the salient features of the respondents’ access to that assets. Each indicator was given a weight by using the entropy technique to keep the consistency of the quantification. Livelihood assets indices were calculated in case of each livelihood asset for conducting Livelihood Assets Pentagon Analysis. Value of livelihood index ranged from 0–4. Findings Livelihoods Assets Pentagon analysis shows that cotton growers do not have proper access to all five livelihood assets. The asset with the highest capacity were social assets (sustainable livelihood index value = 0.3994), followed by natural assets (0.3294), financial assets (0.2511), human assets (0.2143) and physical assets (0.0897). Originality/value This study uses the SLF developed by DFID for analyzing factors affecting access to livelihoods assets of cotton growers in Pakistani Punjab. Sustainable agriculture and sustainable rural livelihoods lead to sustainable livelihoods where environment quality is taken into consideration. The study contains significant and new information.
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Gharibvand, Hojatollah Khedri, Hossein Azadi, and Frank Witlox. "Exploring appropriate livelihood alternatives for sustainable rangeland management." Rangeland Journal 37, no. 4 (2015): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj15027.
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Rangeland degradation and vulnerability of livelihoods are two major challenges facing pastoralists, rangeland managers and policy-makers in arid and semi-arid areas. There is a need to make holistic informed decisions in order to protect rangelands and sustain livelihoods. Through a comprehensive literature review on rangeland management policies and livelihood strategies of ‘rangeland users’, it is shown how such policies have affected sustainable rangeland management, how strategies to sustain livelihoods have been incomplete and how there has been a lack of a multi-disciplinary approach in acknowledging them. Accordingly, a set of appropriate livelihood alternatives is introduced and, thenceforth, a framework for their evaluation is developed. Supportive strategies for enhancing resilience are discussed as a research and policy-making gap. In this study, the keys to achieve sustainable livelihoods are acknowledged as ‘livelihoods’ resilience’, where livelihoods need to be supported by access to capital, means of coping with the contexts of vulnerability as well as by enhancing policies, institutions and processes. The paper proposes a set of ‘livestock-based livelihoods’ regarding ‘traditional pastoralism’ as well as ‘their mitigation and adaptation’. Moreover, their transformation to ‘commercial pastoralism’, ‘resource-based livelihoods’, ‘alternative livelihoods’ and ‘migration’ strategies is recognised to be employed by rangeland users as useful alternatives in different regions and under future changing conditions including climate change. These strategies embrace thinking on resilience and are supported by strategies that address social and ecological consequences of climate change consisting of mitigation, adaptation and transformation. It is argued that sustainable livelihoods and sustainable rangeland management will be achieved if they are supported by policies that build and facilitate a set of appropriate livelihood alternatives and keep them in a sustainable state rather than being limited to supporting ‘vulnerable livelihoods’. Finally, future directions for analysing and policy-making in selecting the best alternative to achieve sustainable livelihoods are indicated.
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Pokharel, Bharat Kumar. "Community forestry and peoples livelihoods." Journal of Forest and Livelihood 1, no. 1 (April 7, 2024): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jfl.v1i1.59811.
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Journal of Forestry and Livelihood ForestAction16 LIVELIHOODS, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY AND EQUITY The author highlights the successes of community forestry in improving local livelihoods. Using a livelihood framework, he assesses the nature and extent ofcontributions of community forestry in improving the different livelihoods capitals – including social and human, natural, and physical. He also identifies broader positive changes in social, organizational and policy aspects. Finally, some challenges ahead are also identified.
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Widiono, Septri, Ekawati Sri Wahyuni, Lala M. Kolopaking, and Arif Satria. "Livelihood Diversity of Rural Communities Without Legal Access to Forest Resources: The Case of Kerinci Seblat National Park in Bengkulu Province." Forest and Society 8, no. 1 (June 19, 2024): 249–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24259/fs.v8i1.30947.
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Kerinci Seblat National Park in Bengkulu, Indonesia, was gazetted by the Indonesian government, and its overlaps with forests occupied by most indigenous communities made their farming activities in the area illegal. People were prohibited from accessing and expanding their farming areas in the national park, threatening their livelihoods. The livelihood diversity index (LDI) and livelihood asset index (LAI) were used to explore the livelihood systems of these communities. This study also examines the effect of livelihood assets on livelihood diversity and analyzes livelihood strategy choices using Giddens’ structuration theory. A quantitative survey combined with in-depth interviews was conducted in two villages with different land types: wetlands (rice fields) and drylands (farmlands). This study found that the communities diversified their livelihoods into eight types of livelihood strategies. Almost all livelihood indicators were different, and the differences in livelihood asset indicators affected the LDI. As a process of structuration, communities have diversified their livelihoods into farm (e.g., annual and perennial crops), off-farm (e.g., farm wages), and non-farm (e.g., services and government transfer) activities. Rural households have modified their social and physical structures to secure their livelihoods by optimizing agricultural intensification technologies or by seeking non-agricultural income. Households decide whether to specialize or diversify their livelihoods based on factors such as the area of cultivated land, number of crops cultivated, distance of the farming location from the house, total household income, non-farm income, and reciprocal relationships.
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Alcantara, R. C. D. "Making tourism livelihoods sustainable: An assessment of community livelihood assets as impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1366, no. 1 (July 1, 2024): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1366/1/012001.
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Abstract Barangay Cagbalete Uno is a rural village found in the island of Cagbalete, Mauban, Philippines whose local livelihoods are largely based on tourism activities. Due to the adverse impacts of COVID-19 to the tourism industry, this paper examined the change in livelihood assets of Cagbalete Uno before and during the pandemic to assess how sustainable tourism livelihoods in the island are. Using the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF), the livelihood assets pentagon showed a significant decline in all capitals. The financial capital had the most significant decline, followed by the social, human, natural, and physical capitals. The experience of the local community revealed that the availability and access to one capital affected the availability and access to the other capitals. Therefore, designing sustainable livelihoods should aim to understand and enhance all livelihood assets in the community. Additionally, the dependence of tourism on external stakeholders can make communities more vulnerable. Therefore, instead of displacing them, tourism development should enhance other livelihood activities in a destination.
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Thi Diem Thuy, Doan, Tran Duc Dung, Pham Dang Manh Hong Luan, and Nguyen Thi Thanh Duyen. "Assessment of the livelihood sustainability of rice farmers in the upper floodplains of the Vietnamese Mekong delta." Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences 4, no. 1 (December 20, 2020): first. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjns.v4i1.992.
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Rural areas and rural livelihoods in many countries have been affected by changes in natural and environmental conditions. In areas where livelihoods relied on the floodwater, changes in flood regimes and the natural environment had significantly impacted many farmers' livelihoods. In the Mekong Delta flooded areas, flood patterns changed mainly due to the hydropower development and the climate change. The livelihoods of many farmers, primarily rice farmers, were facing challenges and needed changes to adapt to the sustainable livelihood development. This study used a sustainable livelihood framework of DFID to assess factors affecting the sustainability in agricultural livelihoods in flooded areas of An Giang province, specifically at Phu Hiep and Phu Long communes of Phu Tan district. We interviewed 60 farmers based on the structured questionnaire and conducted two focus group discussions with more than 40 participating farmers. Our results of the Livelihood Capitals Index (LCI) showed that natural and physical capitals had less impact on household livelihoods. Phu Long is less affected than Phu Hiep by assessing five capitals. Farm households' current livelihoods were mainly affected by the lack of human resources and the unstability of market prices. The rate of consensus on transition to sustainable farming models was not high due to many factors. However, the transition is possible if their production and output are secured by the government.
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Yang, Hui, Zeng Huang, Zhuoying Fu, Jiayou Dai, Yan Yang, and Wei Wang. "Does Land Transfer Enhance the Sustainable Livelihood of Rural Households? Evidence from China." Agriculture 13, no. 9 (August 24, 2023): 1667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13091667.
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Land transfer and its socio-economic impact are key areas of research interest. Such an examination can help to enhance the sustainability of farming livelihoods, maximise livelihood strategies, and achieve sustainable development. This paper establishes a sustainable livelihood evaluation index for rural households based on sustainable livelihood theory. It measures the degree of sustainability in the livelihoods of farmers based on field research data from 650 rural households in Hubei Province, China, and analyses the impact of land transfer using a multiple linear regression model. A number of control variables were identified and introduced into the analysis. It also uses the regression decomposition approach to investigate the impact of each factor on the sustainable livelihoods of rural households. The findings revealed that (1) land transfer can significantly increase the sustainability of rural households’ livelihoods; (2) livelihood sustainability increases with the size of the land transfer area; and (3) the primary elements determining the ability of rural households to maintain sustainable living are land transfers, the amount of land transferred, and the size of the family. Based on these findings, this study argues for the need to improve land transfer management, accelerate agricultural industrialisation and promote the transfer of land contract management rights to improve the livelihoods of rural households.
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Ibrahim, Ahmad Zubir, Kalthum Hassan, Roslina Kamaruddin, and Abdul Rahim Anuar. "Examining the Livelihood Assets and Sustainable Livelihoods among the Vulnerability Groups in Malaysia." Indian-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Finance 1, no. 3 (July 1, 2017): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.52962/ipjaf.2017.1.3.17.
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Until recently, the livelihood vulnerability group such as paddy farmers, coastal fishers and rubber tappers in rural areas are susceptible to economic shock and climate change such as flood and drought. This situation will jeopardise the livelihoods of this group. In response to that, this study aims to investigate the relationship between livelihood assets and sustainable livelihoods. This study adopts quantitative study with stratified sampling method to select a total of 600 respondents from rural areas in Kedah and Kelantan. The findings confirm that physical asset, natural asset and social asset are significantly related to the achievement of sustainable livelihoods. Some recommendations have been highlighted to assist the concerned parties in improving sustainable livelihoods among the vulnerable group in rural areas.
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NOMAN, ABU SALEH MOHAMMAD. "HUMAN CAPITAL OF CHAR PEOPLE’S LIVELIHOODS IN BANGLADESH." CenRaPS Journal of Social Sciences 2, no. 1 (February 15, 2020): 151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.46291/cenraps.v2i1.16.
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Sustainable livelihoods are achieved through access to a range of livelihoods capitals which are combined in the pursuit of different livelihood strategies. Human capital represents the skills, knowledge, education, ability to labor and good health that together enable people to pursue their livelihood strategies. It is therefore necessary, though not on its own sufficient, for the achievement of positive livelihoods outcomes. The study examines the sustainability of human assets of livelihoods of char people and explores the influence of land and river, and the impact of climate change on their natural assets. The study found that the livelihood pattern of the people of char is insecure, vulnerable and unsustainable. They are deprived of education-both modern and traditional and health services or medical facilities. There is a strong relationship ship among education, gender and patriarchy. It is recommended that, there is a strong need for institutional support to assist them in developing their human capital.
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Amadu, Iddrisu, Frederick Ato Armah, and Denis Worlanyo Aheto. "Assessing Livelihood Resilience of Artisanal Fisherfolk to the Decline in Small-Scale Fisheries in Ghana." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 18, 2021): 10404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810404.
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The concept of livelihood resilience provides a unique framework for understanding challenges in complex social–ecological systems (SESs) and fostering sustainability. Despite the crises many small-scale fisheries (SSFs) are facing, few studies have operationalized the concept in the context of declining SSFs in developing countries. This study aims to assess the resilience of artisanal fisherfolk livelihoods and its predicting factors in three fishing communities—Elmina, Jamestown, and Axim—in Ghana. A total of 1180 semi-structured interviews were conducted with fishers, fish processors, and mongers. Descriptive and multivariate statistical techniques were used to analyze the data. The results show that the livelihood resilience of fisherfolk increases with an increased level of education and varies by gender. Male fisherfolk with secondary/post-secondary level education had the highest proportion (50%) of more resilient livelihoods. Only 36% of female fisherfolk with secondary/post-secondary level education had more resilient livelihoods. While 40% of male fisherfolk with no formal education had less resilient livelihoods, the livelihoods of half (51%) of females fisherfolk with no formal education were less resilient. The sociodemographic characteristics including wealth status, dependency ratio, marital status, religion, and ethnicity; contextual factors (community); and other relevant factors (experience in fishing, membership of fisherfolk association/group, and beneficiary of livelihood interventions) were found as predictors of the resilience of fisherfolks livelihoods. The findings suggest that interventions towards improving the livelihood resilience of fisherfolk need to consider individual- and household-level characteristics, as well as contextual factors such as marital status, religious affiliation, ethnicity, wealth status, dependency ratio, community, etc.
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Stienstra and Lee. "Disabilities and Livelihoods: Rethinking a Conceptual Framework." Societies 9, no. 4 (September 26, 2019): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc9040067.
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Livelihoods, or the means to secure the necessities of life, shape how we live as individuals, families and communities, and our sense of well-being. While discussions of livelihoods have influenced academic discussions and government actions in international development over the past 25 years, few have discussed the implications of a livelihoods approach for people with disabilities in the context of global Northern societies. This paper argues that by using a livelihoods approach, we can recognize the multiple and, at times, conflicting ways that people with disabilities sustain themselves and secure the necessities of life. A livelihoods approach recognizes the agency of individuals, including those with disabilities, in the context of their relationships in households, families and communities, while also identifying the systemic barriers, inequalities and opportunities that shape livelihood choices. Using this approach, we argue, will enable a better understanding of how people with disabilities both survive and thrive, the diverse livelihood choices they make and the implications these choices have for policy decisions.
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Sulistiyowati, Eka, Setiadi Setiadi, and Eko Haryono. "The Dynamics of Sustainable Livelihoods and Agroforestry in Gunungkidul Karst Area, Yogyakarta, Indonesia." Forest and Society 7, no. 2 (May 11, 2023): 222–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24259/fs.v7i2.21886.
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The livelihoods of farmers in developing countries are often associated with the existence of forests, especially agroforestry. The dynamics of agroforestry and livelihoods could not be separated from the political context and developments in Indonesia. In this paper, the dynamics of Sustainable Livelihood Assets (SLA) owned by smallholder farmers are explored using three political sequences, namely the New Order Era, the Reform Era, and the Post-Reform Era. The result showed that the development of agroforestry in Gunungkidul had been primarily influenced by political initiatives that have a connection with vegetation coverage, livelihood assets, and species composition in the systems. The livelihoods possessed by farmers have been relatively sustainable during the past five decades; only a slight change could be observed in the ownership of capital. The political initiatives have been an enabling environment for agroforestry development that support sustainable livelihoods. The study recommends that the socio-political culture needs to consider the traditional agroforestry system in order to sustain the livelihoods of the people.
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Ulya, N. A., E. A. Waluyo, A. Nurlia, M. Rahmat, and E. Martin. "Alternative natural capital-based livelihoods in facing peatland degradation in Rengas Merah hamlet, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, Indonesia: a financial analysis approach." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 917, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/917/1/012017.
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Abstract Peat swamp forests in Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) Regency have been experiencing dramatic changes caused by timber extraction and fire. These changes are now increasing ecological vulnerability and threatening the livelihoods of communities living in rural areas around these forests. This study investigated the diversity of natural capital-based livelihood strategies for sustainable livelihood in Rengas Merah hamlet, OKI Regency, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia, with a financial analysis approach. A combination of qualitative and quantitative methods is used for data analysis. Data were collected using questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. A benefit-cost analysis analyzed the choice of various livelihoods. The result showed that gelam wood harvesting and developing edible bird nests while cultivating rice paddy are feasible as a sustainable livelihood. Natural capital is still a significant asset for the community to achieve sustainable livelihood. The natural capital-based livelihood strategy by directly exploiting natural resources combined with agricultural cultivation is the primary strategy chosen by the community for livelihoods sustainability.
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Ma, Libang, Shichun Liu, Yiwen Niu, and Meimei Chen. "Village-Scale Livelihood Change and the Response of Rural Settlement Land Use: Sihe Village of Tongwei County in Mid-Gansu Loess Hilly Region as an Example." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 9 (August 21, 2018): 1801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15091801.
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Rural livelihood change has great influence on the scale, structure, and morphology of rural settlement land use, thus bringing new challenges to rural revitalization and settlement reconstruction. Sihe village of Tongwei County in mid-Gansu loess hilly region (China) was taken as an example here. Based on participatory rural appraisal data, we analyzed the structure and allocation of rural households’ livelihood assets as well as their livelihood diversity by using ecological asset, livelihood diversification index, and landscape pattern index models. We aimed to find a response mechanism between rural livelihood change and rural settlement land use change. The results might provide useful information for the selection of new village sites, reconstruction of rural settlements, and creation of livable rural environment. Results indicate that: (1) The total value of the average livelihood assets per household in the Sihe village increased significantly from 0.48 in 1988 to 1.288 in 2016. The four types of livelihood assets including natural, material, manpower, and financial assets changed with time. In 1988, the manpower asset was the most important type of livelihood assets, with value accounting for 76.67% of the total value of livelihood assets. With the extension of time, the proportions of the four types of assets in total livelihood assets became closer to each other. The livelihood diversification index of the Sihe village increased from 2.01 in 1988 to 3 in 2016, indicating the rural livelihoods became diverse; (2) Because of the dual influence of external environmental factors and the rural development policies of the country and the region, the livelihoods changed towards agricultural sector from 1988 to 2008, and the agricultural livelihoods tended to be diverse. The following trend of livelihood strategy change was observed: from diverse non-agricultural production group (IV) to agricultural and non-agricultural production group (III), then to diverse agricultural production group (II) and finally to agricultural production group (I). After 2008, the livelihoods changed towards non-agricultural sector, and the non-agricultural livelihoods tended to be diverse. This trend of livelihood change is opposite to that before 2008; (3) 2008 is the key year of livelihood change. Livelihood change caused changes in the scale, structure, and morphology of rural settlement land use, which eventually led to the change of rural residential land use.
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Lawless, Sarah, Philippa Cohen, Cynthia McDougall, Grace Orirana, Faye Siota, and Kate Doyle. "Gender norms and relations: implications for agency in coastal livelihoods." Maritime Studies 18, no. 3 (September 12, 2019): 347–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40152-019-00147-0.
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Abstract Improving livelihoods and livelihood opportunities is a popular thrust of development investments. Gender and other forms of social differentiation influence individual agency to access, participate in, and benefit from existing, new, or improved livelihood opportunities. Recent research illustrates that many initiatives intended to improve livelihoods still proceed as “gender blind,” failing to account for the norms and relations that will influence how women and men experience opportunities and outcomes. To examine gender in livelihoods, we employed empirical case studies in three coastal communities in Solomon Islands; a small island developing state where livelihoods are predominantly based on fisheries and agriculture. Using the GENNOVATE methodology (a series of focus groups) we investigated how gender norms and relations influence agency (i.e., the availability of choice and capacity to exercise choice). We find that men are able to pursue a broader range of livelihood activities than women who tend to be constrained by individual perceptions of risk and socially prescribed physical mobility restraints. We find the livelihood portfolios of women and men are more diverse than in the past. However, livelihood diversity may limit women’s more immediate freedoms to exercise agency because they are simultaneously experiencing intensified time and labor demands. Our findings challenge the broad proposition that livelihood diversification will lead to improvements for agency and overall wellbeing. In community-level decision-making, men’s capacity to exercise choice was perceived to be greater in relation to livelihoods, as well as strategic life decisions more broadly. By contrast, capacity to exercise choice within households involved spousal negotiation, and consensus was considered more important than male or female dominance in decision-making. The prevailing global insight is that livelihood initiatives are more likely to bring about sustained and equitable outcomes if they are designed based on understandings of the distinct ways women and men participate in and experience livelihoods. Our study provides insights to make these improvements in a Solomon Islands setting. We suggest that better accounting for these gendered differences not only improves livelihood outcomes but also presents opportunity to catalyze the re-negotiation of gender norms and relations; thereby promoting greater individual agency.
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Ali, M. Haspi, Idawarni Asmal, and Samsuddin Amin. "The Influence of Livelihoods on Coastal Settlement Patterns in Kampung Padang." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1272, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1272/1/012039.
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Abstract Livelihood is important for a person to maintain his life. Livelihoods can determine the location and shape of settlement patterns. The problem that often occurs is the formation of settlement patterns in Kampung Padang, Selayar Islands district, which cannot be separated from the influence of population growth and activity from year to year which begins to develop because the population of the local community is getting denser so that it can affect settlement patterns both in terms of facilities and infrastructure, and social aspects-economy (livelihoods) in a residential area itself. Judging from the livelihood aspect of the people of Padang, some residents are now starting to have other livelihoods besides fishing; this new livelihood can provide added value to the economy in supporting their daily needs. This research aims to discover the characteristics of the Kampung Padang settlement pattern and how the population’s livelihoods affect the settlement pattern. This study uses a combined method, namely qualitative and quantitative. Data was collected through direct observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The results show that the shape of the settlement pattern is clustered with an index value (T) consisting of North Padang 0.19, Central Padang 0.177, and South Padang 0.18. Moreover, it shows a relationship or correlation between livelihoods and settlement patterns.
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Wu, Kongsen, Dongyan Kong, and Xinjun Yang. "The Impact of Rural Industrial Development on Farmers’ Livelihoods—Taking Fruit-Producing Area as an Example." Land 12, no. 8 (July 25, 2023): 1478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12081478.
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Analyzing the impact of industry development on farmers’ livelihoods is of great significance for promoting rural revitalization and the sustainable development of farmers’ livelihoods in China. In this paper, taking Dali County of the Guanzhong Plain as an example, in accordance with the sustainable livelihoods approach (SLA), we adopted the comprehensive index method, statistical analysis method and relevant analysis method to explore the impact of rural industry development on farmers’ livelihoods by analyzing the evolution of farmers’ livelihood strategies in different times (2000, 2010 and 2019) and the differentiation of forms of livelihood capital and livelihood outcomes among different types of farmers in 2019 under the background of industrial development. The main conclusions were as follows: The degree of commercialization of the agricultural industry has improved, and the overall development of the rural industry presents an obvious trend away from agriculture. With the upgrading of the rural industrial structure, the leading livelihood strategies of farmers have gradually changed from the crop-planting type to the work-oriented type, and forms of livelihood capital and livelihood outcomes differ significantly among farmer households. Compared to traditional agriculture, the development of the fruit industry and service industry and the degree of participation in these industries are conducive to the accumulation of farmers’ livelihood capital, while migrant work alone has a negative impact on the improvement in farmers’ livelihood capital. The development of the fruit industry and nonagricultural industries and the degree of participation in these industries are more conducive to the improvement in farmers’ livelihood outcomes than is participation in traditional agriculture.
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Nyawade, Okinyi B., Pamela Were-Kogogo, Daniel O. Adero, Phanuel Owiti, Harriet Osimbo, and Mercy Chege. "Dwindling Fish Catch in Kwale, Kenya: Vulnerable Southern Coast Marine Fisher Communities and Alternative Sustainable Livelihoods." International Journal of Community and Social Development 3, no. 3 (September 2021): 255–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/25166026211043653.
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Marine fisher communities of Kwale in the South Coast of Kenya have, for generations, depended nearly exclusively on fisheries and fish-based livelihoods. In recent times, dwindling fish catch has threatened their livelihoods. Diversification of livelihood sources is touted as a potential remedy, but much less is understood about the available alternative sustainable options and their viability. This study examined the potency and viability of the alternative livelihood options for the fishermen communities. It used a cross-sectional descriptive survey design premised on mixed qualitative and quantitative methods to collect and analyse the data from 346 randomly selected households. Emerging livelihood options with potency for adoption include apiculture, seaweed farming, agriculture, small business enterprises and mangrove conservation, among others. Preference is given to supplemental livelihood sources as opposed to alternative livelihoods. Implications for policy include the need for public extension services and training to invigorate households’ income.
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Brännlund, Isabelle. "Diverse Sami Livelihoods." Journal of Northern Studies 12, no. 2 (June 18, 2019): 37–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36368/jns.v12i2.915.
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Swedish state policy regarding the Sami from the late nineteenth century onward and studies on Sami history have tended to treat reindeer husbandry as much more important than other livelihoods practiced by Sami communities and families. By comparing livelihood diversity in southern and northern mountain-reindeer husbandry communities in Swedish Sápmi (the traditional land of the Sami people) during the period 1860–1920, this study challenges the notions of Sami as reindeer herders and mountain reindeer husbandry as a nomadic monoculture. The results shows that Sami communities and families exploited diverse natural resources, trades and means of subsistence. The study supports an understanding of historical Sami livelihoods, were reindeer husbandry as recognized as one of various Sami trades and means of subsistence, rather than as the Sami livelihood.
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Franco, Isabel B., and Titi Kunkel. "Extractives and Sustainable Community Development: A Comparative Study of Women’s Livelihood Assets in the Americas." International Journal of Social Science Studies 5, no. 11 (October 23, 2017): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/ijsss.v5i11.2724.
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The world has experienced a rapid growth in the mining industry due to increased demand for minerals. However, this situation has given rise to complexities in resource regions, compromising how women sustain their livelihoods. With increasing deregulation and globalization of the world economy, the livelihoods of women in resource-rich regions deserve special attention. Women in communities adjacent to extractive operations commonly experience a loss of livelihood options. Using case studies, this paper compares the livelihoods of women in two resource regions, Risaralda in Colombia and an Indigenous community in Nemiah Valley of British Columbia in Canada. This paper argues that the extractive industry should engage with women to enhance their assets and help them forge more sustainable livelihood options. The paper also makes recommendations to stakeholders on how livelihood assets can be enhanced to benefit women in resource development regions.
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Doeur, BORN, and YOUK Senglong. "Sustainable livelihoods analysis in the Tonle Sap Lake and its floodplain, Cambodia." Insight: Cambodia Journal of Basic and Applied Research 4, no. 02 (December 31, 2022): 38–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.61945/cjbar.2022.4.2.3.
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Tonle Sap Lake is the largest body of freshwater in Southeast Asia, benefiting millions of Cambodians. Yet, the lake is under increasing pressure, causing great concern for hundreds of communities depending on the bounty of its natural resources. This research analyzed types of employment, sustainable livelihood, and provision mechanisms in the fishing communities in Tonle Sap Lake. Household surveys were deployed to collect quantitative data from 505 households, and participatory approaches were applied to collect qualitative data through key informants and group discussions. The research findings supported four main conclusions. First, agricultural jobs remained the dominant mode of employment for the villagers in the communities surrounding the Tonle Sap, followed by fishing. For example, fishing was the mode of work for (33.7%), rice farming for (24.2%), and horticulture for (11.7%). Fishery and rice farming played an essential role in daily livelihoods. Second, however, the villagers' livelihoods were not yet fully sustainable. Their daily income per capita (9,199.7 Khmer Riels) was not significantly lower or higher than the rural poverty line (8,908 Khmer Riels), at t (504) = 0.499, P = 0.618. Moreover, their daily income was significantly lower than the national poverty line (10,951 Khmer Riels) set by the Ministry of Planning in 2021, at t (504) = -2.997, P = 0.003. Third, the villagers’ livelihoods were constrained by limited access to the five livelihood assets, specifically, professional skills and social assets, support mechanisms to create alternative livelihoods, and local livelihood strategies. Fourth, the existing support mechanisms do not function to improve access to the five assets and engender local strategies for reducing vulnerabilities. Some suggestions are given to enhance sustainable livelihoods related to increased access to the five assets. Access to the five assets for sustainable livelihoods is required to establish robust support mechanisms for all the key stakeholders, which include government agencies, NGOs, and communities. Alternative livelihoods were found to be a viable option to decrease the burden on natural resources and improve sustainable livelihoods.
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Smith, Laurence E. D., S. Nguyen Khoa, and K. Lorenzen. "Livelihood functions of inland fisheries: policy implications in developing countries." Water Policy 7, no. 4 (August 1, 2005): 359–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2005.0023.
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An improved analytical framework and typology of fishers are provided to improve understanding of the diverse livelihood functions of inland fishing in development policy making. Inland fisheries make an important but often neglected contribution to rural livelihoods in developing countries. A holistic and widely applicable analysis of the possible livelihood functions of such fisheries is presented, focusing on fishing as one activity within diverse livelihoods. Four different livelihood strategies are identified, involving fishing as: (i) a primary livelihood of last resort, (ii) part of a diversified semi-subsistence livelihood, (iii) a specialist occupation and (iv) part of a diversified accumulation strategy. The policy implications of these strategies are found to be differentiated and poorly represented in practice by socio-economic analysis that either undfervalues fisheries or treats them solely as livelihoods of last resort and by traditional approaches to fisheries management centred on stock conservation. The need for a more diverse and flexible range of measures, tailored to local priorities and conditions and ensuring that poor people can access the benefits of inland fisheries whilst achieving conservation objectives, is identified.
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Phan Hai, Yen Hoang, Vinh Luong Thi Thanh, Tuyen Tran Thi, Hoai Nguyen Thi, Thanh Nguyen Thi Trang, and Tran Tuan Nguyen. "Develop Sustainable Livelihoods for Fishermen in the North Central Region of Vietnam - Case Study for Nghe An Province." Journal of Agricultural Studies 8, no. 1 (March 2, 2020): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v8i1.15413.
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Livelihoods and sustainable livelihoods play a very essential role in coastal fishing communities in Vietnam. In this paper, based on the sustainable livelihood model, we evaluate the current situation of coastal fishing livelihoods in the North central region of Vietnam with case study for Nghe An province and identifies favorable and unfavorable factors for accessing livelihood development resources by fishermen. For the research methods, secondary data from selected governmental agencies were gathered, and 200 fishermen were interviewed to collect primary data. The results of this research indicate that the income of fishermen is quite good but not stable due to their dependence on marine resources. Moreover, the types of livelihoods in the coastal zone of Nghe An province face certain difficulties with their specific occupational characteristics such as lack of capital, no stable job, reduced marine resources, weather dependence, lack of labor. Based on these, 3 groups of solutions and policies are proposed to promote sustainable livelihood development for coastal fishermen in Nghe An province, such as renewing fishing activities, promoting specialization and associating in maritime manufacturing and processing, as well as developing a variety of occupational groups associated with the exploitation of marine resources.
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Liu, Difan, Yuejian Wang, Yuejiao Chen, Guang Yang, Hailiang Xu, and Yuxiang Ma. "Analysis of the Difference in Changes to Farmers’ Livelihood Capital under Different Land Transfer Modes—A Case Study of Manas County, Xinjiang, China." Land 11, no. 8 (August 22, 2022): 1369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11081369.
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Farmers’ livelihoods alter as a direct result of land transfer. This study examined the impacts of land transfer on several indicators of farmers’ livelihood capital, as well as variations in the effects of different land transfer methods on farmers’ capital, in an effort more effectively to enhance farmers’ livelihoods. To compare the changes in farmers’ livelihood capital under four different modes—the farmers’ spontaneous model, centralized and continuous, joint-stock cooperative, and leaseback and re-contracting—this study calculated farmers’ livelihood capital index based on 600 questionnaires in accordance with the sustainable livelihood capital framework. The study’s findings indicate the following outcomes: (1) Farmers’ livelihood capital is significantly impacted favorably by land transfers. (2) Different types of farmers experienced different changes in their livelihood capital after land transfer: purely agricultural farmers’ livelihood capital value increased by 0.138, primarily due to an increase in physical capital; agricultural part-time farmers’ livelihood capital value increased by 0.105; non-agricultural part-time farmers’ livelihood capital value increased by 0.081; and non-agricultural farmers’ livelihood capital value increased by 0.081. (3) The most efficient strategy to increase livelihood capital was to use the leaseback and recontracting model with “village collective + planting leadership company” as the primary business organization. The results provide practical guidance for land transfer in Manas County, and valuable suggestions for improving farmers’ livelihoods in arid areas.
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Hoa, L. T., P. T. Dinh, N. T. P. Chau, and N. T. T. Thuy. "Assessment of livelihood risks due to climate change and ecological resources in Can Gio mangrove biosphere reserve, Vietnam." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1028, no. 1 (May 1, 2022): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1028/1/012001.
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Abstract Can Gio Mangrove Biosphere Reserve was recognized as a global biosphere reserve by UNESCO in 2000 with a typical diverse flora and fauna of the mangroves of Vietnam and Southeast Asia. People’s livelihoods in Can Gio depend largely on natural resources. Thus, any negative changes due to climate change will directly affect their livelihoods. These changes are potential risks affecting the livelihoods of local residents. The study was conducted based on the interview results of 537 local residents using a structured questionnaire and 45 in-depth interviews using data of open-ended questions designed based on the 5-point Likert scale. A set of criteria was developed according to the sustainable livelihood framework of DFID (1999) and climate change framework of IPCC (2014) to assess the impacts of environment and climate change on livelihood risks in the study area. This study used weighting methodology for qualitative data and GIS methodology to identify the risks of 13 livelihood genres affected by changes in climate and ecological resources of Can Gio mangrove forest. The results show that there is a difference in the levels of livelihood risk caused by climate change. Almost thirteen types of livelihoods have high risks caused by climate change. As a result, there should be a risk management strategy which focuses on solutions to control hazards, exposures and vulnerabilities, along with measures to protect and support livelihood resources for Can Gio local residents.
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Adriani, Dessy, Muhammad Yazid, Riswani, Dini Damayanthy, Eunho Choi, and Hyunyoung Yang. "Livelihood Alternatives in Restored Peatland Areas in South Sumatra Province, Indonesia." Land 13, no. 5 (May 9, 2024): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13050643.
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Livelihood loss and lower income because of peatland mismanagement are crucial issues that must be resolved in peatland areas. Although many studies have assessed farmers’ livelihoods and income enhancement, progress in addressing these problems remains inadequate. To address this issue, this study aimed to analyze various existing alternative livelihoods in the peatland community in Ogan Komering Ilir District, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia, and analyze scenarios for creating livelihoods and increasing people’s incomes through changes in peat ecosystem management and peatland restoration programs. This study used a survey method conducted in South Sumatra Province’s OKI District, one of the four priority peat-restoration districts in the province. We used three sampling stages, while descriptive, tabulated, and mathematical methods were used for analysis. We analyzed the feasibility of livelihoods that used benefit-cost analysis. The results showed that Sonor cultivation of paddies and catching fish in Rawang (swamp) were the livelihoods of farmers in peatlands. The community has also been processing peatland commodities into other products, such as Purun woven, and Gula Puan (buffalo milk processing). Several alternative livelihood scenarios that are financially profitable and can be developed include salted and smoked fish, Purun woven handicrafts, paludiculture, and agrosilvofishery, which can provide farmers with short-, medium-, and long-term income opportunities. This study can contribute to policymaking by fully considering the role of peat resources in rural livelihoods.
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Jamil, Nur Fatima Aisya, Nor Hafizah Mohamed Harith, and Nur Zafifa Kamarunzaman. "Systematic Literature Review of Urban Poor Livelihoods in Malaysia." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 5, no. 14 (July 1, 2020): 317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i14.2273.
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This paper aims to conduct a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to examine the urban poor livelihood analysis through the lens of Sustainable Livelihood Approach (SLA) in Malaysia. SLA is a widely adopted framework for examining rural livelihoods globally and nationally, however, there are limited studies that have adopted the SLA to examine urban poor household livelihoods. Hence, this paper aims to fill a gap of knowledge on analysing sustainability of urban poor livelihoods in Malaysia. Adopting Transparent Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses method known as PRISMA, the results of SLR revealed significant urban livelihood themes are financial, human, social and physical capitals. These findings help policymakers and local support groups in improving the current policies and to enhance the quality of life of the urban poor. Keywords: urban poor livelihoods, Malaysia, systematic literature review, Sustainable Livelihood Approach. eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i14.2273
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Muringai, Rodney T., Denver Naidoo, Paramu Mafongoya, and Shenelle Lottering. "The Impacts of Climate Change on the Livelihood and Food Security of Small-Scale Fishers in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe." Journal of Asian and African Studies 55, no. 2 (October 3, 2019): 298–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909619875769.
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Small-scale fisheries play a significant role as a source of employment, livelihood strategy and contributor to food security. However, changes in climatic variables alter the productivity and distribution of marine and freshwater fish species, negatively affecting the livelihoods of fishery-dependent communities. This study seeks to identify small-scale fishers’ livelihoods and examine the impacts of climate change on livelihoods and food security of small-scale fishing households. The study was conducted in Sanyathi fishing basin in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe. The Sustainable Livelihood Approach framework of the Department for International Development was used to define the small-scale fishers’ livelihood assets and activities. The study employed a mixed-method approach for data collection. A pretested, semi-structured questionnaire, focus group discussions and observations were used to collect data from the small-scale fishers. The data collected were subjected to descriptive and bivariate analysis. The present results indicate that fishing is the community’s primary livelihood activity. More than 62% of fishermen stated that fishing revenue is declining, owing to declining fish catches. Of participants, 98% recognised food purchases as the primary source of food. Therefore, 78% of the small-scale fishers perceive their households to be food insecure due to declining incomes from fisheries. These findings show the need for policymakers and development agencies to formulate strategies that specifically target fishing communities whose livelihoods rely on natural ecosystems.
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Quandt, Amy, and Yunus Antony Kimathi. "Perceptions of the effects of floods and droughts on livelihoods: lessons from arid Kenya." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 9, no. 03 (May 15, 2017): 337–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-11-2014-0132.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand how people practicing natural resource-based livelihoods in arid Kenya perceive that their livelihoods are being affected by floods and droughts and how to integrate these local perceptions of impacts into larger-scale climate change adaptation initiatives and policy. Design/methodology/approach In Isiolo County, Kenya, 270 households were surveyed in seven communities, six focus group discussions were held and a document review was conducted. Findings The major livelihood practiced in Isiolo is pastoralism (71 per cent), but agriculture and non-agro-pastoral activities also play an important role, with 53 per cent of the respondents practicing more than one type of livelihood. In Isiolo, floods have a large impact on agriculture (193 respondents out of 270), while droughts impact both agriculture (104 respondents) and livestock (120 respondents), and more specifically, cattle-keeping (70 respondents). Research limitations/implications The research may have implications for the importance of using local perceptions of the effects of climate change on livelihoods for larger-scale interventions. It also provides a case study of local perceptions of the effects of floods and droughts on livelihoods in an arid area with natural resource-dependent livelihoods. Practical implications To understand local perceptions and use local perceptions for larger-scale adaptation interventions and policy. Originality/value This paper provides a specific example of a climate change adaptation initiative integrating local perceptions of the impacts of floods and droughts into livelihood-focused interventions.
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Qimuge, Gerile, Wulan Tuya, Si Qinchaoketu, and Bu He. "Construction and Practice of Livelihood Efficiency Index System for Herders in Typical Steppe Area of Inner Mongolia Based on Super-Efficiency Slacks-Based Measure Model." Sustainability 15, no. 18 (September 21, 2023): 14005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151814005.
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Inner Mongolia is one of the main animal husbandry production bases in China, with herders being the main animal husbandry producers. A systematic analysis of the efficiency of herding households’ livelihoods and the influencing factors is of great importance to formulate effective policies to support herding households’ livelihoods, enhance their social adaptability, and alleviate the vulnerability of poor people in herding areas. This study used a typical steppe of Inner Mongolia as the research area. It used the interview data of herding households from 2021, constructed the evaluation index system of herding households’ livelihood efficiency, analyzed the redundancy of the inputs and outputs of herding households’ livelihoods, and examined the key factors affecting herding households’ livelihood efficiency. The results indicate that (1) the pure technical effectiveness of the livelihood efficiency of typical grassland herding households in Inner Mongolia is the highest; the comprehensive technical efficiency and scale efficiency are low. The scale return of most herders’ livelihoods shows a decreasing state. (2) According to the results of the model, under the premise of the output not being reduced, reducing the amount of social capital input can effectively save resources. Without increasing the input, the room for improvement in the living level is the most obvious. (3) The pasture area, the communication network, and the access to information have significant negative effects on the efficiency of herders’ livelihoods; infrastructure and water supply have significant positive impacts. In summary, we built a model for evaluating the livelihood efficiency of herders in typical grassland areas of Inner Mongolia, which can provide a reference for the revitalization work of pastoral areas and related research in the future.
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Yaro, Joseph Awetori. "Is deagrarianisation real? A study of livelihood activities in rural northern Ghana." Journal of Modern African Studies 44, no. 1 (February 6, 2006): 125–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x05001448.
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This article examines the livelihoods, portfolios and degree of deagrarianisation of the peasantry in three villages in northern Ghana. It argues that deagrarianisation should be seen as a process embedded in social change, bearing in mind the reversibility between farm and non-farm livelihood strategies used by households (reagrarianisation?). A livelihoods research approach involving qualitative household interviews and quantitative surveys in three villages in the Kassena-Nankani district constitute primary data for this study. Contrary to the deagrarianisation thesis, this study found that livelihood adaptation, implying both a diversification to new or secondary livelihood activities and changing the form, nature and content of the farm sector, characterised rural livelihoods in the area. The adaptation process involves not just a move from the farm to the non-farm sector, but also an intensification of efforts in the farm sector with seasonal diversification into other livelihood activities. The supposedly ‘booming non-farm sector’ is not entirely real, for reasons of marginalisation and exclusion of the poor peasantry, resulting from spatial, capital, infrastructural and market limitations.
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Qi, Weiyan, Zhemin Li, and Changbin Yin. "Response Mechanism of Farmers’ Livelihood Capital to the Compensation for Rural Homestead Withdrawal—Empirical Evidence from Xuzhou City, China." Land 11, no. 12 (November 28, 2022): 2149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11122149.
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The Chinese government has implemented a homestead withdrawal policy to improve the efficiency of rural construction land use. The compensation for rural homestead withdrawal (CRHW) is crucial to the reconstruction and sustainable development of farmers’ livelihoods. This paper analyzed the response mechanisms of farmers’ livelihoods to the CRHW with the combined application of the logistic regression, the mediation effect model, and the moderating effect model. The results indicated that CRHW had a significant positive impact on the sustainable livelihoods of rural households, mainly by improving the physical capital and social capital. In addition, adaptability and livelihood diversity played intermediary and regulatory roles in the positive impacts of the CRHW on sustainable livelihoods, respectively. The conclusions may provide insight into the demand for more reasonable compensation policies to ensure the sustainability of farmers’ livelihoods.
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Nuorteva, Paula, Marko Keskinen, and Olli Varis. "Water, livelihoods and climate change adaptation in the Tonle Sap Lake area, Cambodia: learning from the past to understand the future." Journal of Water and Climate Change 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2010.010.
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The changing environment is expected to intensify the challenges that people in developing countries are facing, particularly among the groups whose livelihoods depend on natural resources. The adaptive capacity of livelihoods largely defines the extent to which people can cope with future environmental changes, whether caused by climate change or other factors such as land use changes and water resources development. This article analyses the resilience and adaptive capacity of rural livelihoods around Cambodia's Tonle Sap Lake, an exceptional lake-floodplain system dominated by flood pulse. The research findings demonstrate that despite the people's tradition of adapting to the remarkable seasonal variation of water and related resources, their capacity to adapt to unusual environmental changes is weak, with the poorest being clearly the most vulnerable group. Reasons for the weak resilience include villages' relatively homogenous livelihood structures, unjust governance practices, increasing inequality and the lack of opportunities for livelihood diversification. It is concluded that while climate change is likely to pose a remarkable challenge to people's livelihoods in the longer term, climate change adaptation activities should also take into account other environmental changes. Equally critical is the understanding of the broader socio-political context and its dynamics in increasing—and decreasing—livelihood resilience.
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Dibisa, T. T. "Exploring the Association between Poverty, Livelihoods, Institutions, and Sustainable Community Development. A Conceptual Analysis." Review of Business and Economics Studies 11, no. 3 (October 18, 2023): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2308-944x-2023-11-3-68-77.
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The aim of this paper is to assess the links or interfaces between poverty, livelihoods, institutions, and sustainable community development through a literature review. To realize this objective, the study used the Department for International Development’s (United Kingdom) Sustainable Livelihoods Approach as an overarching theoretical foundation. A descriptive method of data analysis using secondary data and a qualitative research approach were followed. The current state of the problem has been explored by means of a deductive approach. The results of the conceptual analysis show that the interactions between poverty, livelihoods, institutions, and community development are significant. The study also revealed that institutions are crucial for the formation of livelihood possibilities and strategies for the poor and marginalized groups, and they play a significant role in sustainable development. Existing empirical evidence demonstrates that livelihood outcomes may be positive or negative based on vulnerability contexts, the nature of livelihood, institutional frameworks, and livelihood strategies followed. The study concludes that institutional influence is pivotal since it directly or indirectly affects the access to livelihood, determines livelihood strategies and outcomes. Policymakers are therefore expected to consider and comprehend the relationship between these notions before formulating policies, plans or programs to alleviate poverty and promote sustainable development effectively.
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Ahmed Jajere, Abubakar, Abubakar Muhammad Saidu, Usman Adamu, and Usman Ibrahim. "Nexus between weeds secondary succession and livelihoods in Hadejia-Nguru wetlands of Nigeria." Sustinere: Journal of Environment and Sustainability 7, no. 1 (September 2, 2023): 48–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/sustinerejes.v7i1.249.
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Hadejia-Nguru wetlands is known as a joule of the Sahel as it is the major biodiversity reservoir of the Sahelian parts of Nigeria. However, series of impediment that follows the Sahelian drought of 1970s has been altering the ecosystem of the wetlands. The secondary succession of invasive weed that follow the habitat changes has altered the wetlands derived livelihood activities. This study examines the livelihoods constrain of the weeds as well as livelihoods derived from the weeds. Information on biodiversity timeline history, types of weeds that grow on the wetland site, the livelihoods activities derived from the weeds, and the livelihoods constraint of weeds were collected through interviews with key informants and focus group discussion. Three focus group discussions were conducted in six wetlands site communities, with participants including farmers, pastoralists, and other categories of wetland users. The qualitative information collected was analysed using grounded theory tool. The study identified 18 weed species that grow on the Hadejia-Nguru wetlands and discovered that the weeds are sources of raw materials for constructions, craft work, and fodder for animals among others. They also constitute the major constraints to livelihood activities such as fishing, transportation, irrigation, rainfed farming, and domestic water supply, among others. The study concluded that weeds are both a constraint and means of livelihood. Hence, the study’s hypothesis is that ‘’the impact of weeds on livelihoods diminish over time’.’ It is therefore recommended that all the beneficial weeds in the wetlands should be identified and utilized sustainably, while the growth of the bad ones should be controlled.
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He, Jiajun, Xin Fan, Lin Chen, Zirui Huang, Yiming Zhao, and Chenzhi Zhang. "Improving the Livelihood Resilience of Poverty-Stricken Population under Rural Revitalization: A Case Study of Chongqing M Reservoir Area." Sustainability 15, no. 18 (September 15, 2023): 13766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151813766.
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With the victory in poverty alleviation, China’s “Three Rural Issues” effort is shifting its attention to the execution of the rural revitalization strategy. To consolidate the poverty eradication gains and boost the resilience of the livelihoods of people who have been lifted out of poverty, we must implement several different strategies. Improving the livelihood resilience of the poverty-stricken population is the main objective of the long-term mechanism of promoting rural revitalization. Based on the theory of sustainable livelihoods, this paper creates an analysis framework for livelihood resilience of the poverty-stricken population. On this basis, we use principal component regression to measure the livelihood resilience of poverty-stricken population in Chongqing M Reservoir Area. We use the seemingly unrelated regression model to identify important variables influencing the stability of farm households emerging from poverty and propose policy to optimize resilience of the livelihoods of people lifted out of poverty. The results show that the population living in poverty around the Chongqing M Reservoir has a steadily rising livelihood resilience index. Among them, policy support has a significant positive effect on the livelihood resilience of poverty-stricken population. Similarly, regional endowments have a significant positive effect on the livelihood resilience of poverty-stricken population. However, livelihood risk has a significant negative effect on the livelihood resilience of poverty-stricken population. These findings provide a basis for the subsequent enhancement of livelihood resilience.
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Onuwa, Godfrey, Sambo Mailumo, Chizoba Chizea, and Cosmas Alamanjo. "SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF LIVELIHOOD DIVERSIFICATION AMONG ARABLE CROP FARMERS IN SHENDAM, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA." Agricultural Socio-Economics Journal 22, no. 4 (October 31, 2022): 301–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.agrise.2022.022.4.7.
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Livelihood diversification is an integral component of household income. Diversification determinants were estimated. Multistage sampling was adopted, and primary data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Logit regression. Socioeconomic factors affected livelihoods. Several diversification activities and derivable benefits are indicated. Variations in diversification decisions were attributable to the regression variables. Policy modifications and strategies that improve livelihoods are recommended.
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Qian, Yao, Qingyuan Yang, Haozhe Zhang, Kangchuan Su, Huiming Zhang, and Xiaochi Qu. "The Impact of Farming Households’ Livelihood Vulnerability on the Intention of Homestead Agglomeration: The Case of Zhongyi Township, China." Land 11, no. 8 (August 16, 2022): 1322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11081322.
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It is important to clarify the impact of livelihood vulnerability level on farmers’ willingness to cluster their homesteads in order to promote the intensive use of homesteads and rural revitalization. This paper constructs a framework for the influence of farmers’ livelihood vulnerability on their intention of homestead agglomeration, then assesses the livelihood vulnerability of farmers based on 211 questionnaire data points, and analyzes the influence of farmers’ livelihood vulnerability on their intention of homestead agglomeration through binary logistic regression. The results showed that the vulnerability of farmers’ livelihoods had a significant negative effect on the intention of homestead agglomeration, and the more vulnerable farmers’ livelihoods were, the more significant their tendency to gather residential land. In addition, from the three-dimensional perspective of “exposure-sensitivity-adaptability”, exposure and sensitivity have a negative effect on farmers’ intention to agglomerate, while adaptability has a significant positive effect. Therefore, this paper argues that the vulnerability of farmers’ livelihoods can be improved by reducing exposure and sensitivity and increasing adaptive capacity to enhance farmers’ willingness to cluster their homesteads, thus providing some theoretical support for the preliminary work of homestead layout optimization in rural spatial governance.
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SIBARANI, ROBERT WILIATER, and BUNCHA SOMBOONSUKE. "ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL OF LIVELIHOOD ASSETS OWNERSHIP OF FARMERS IN CONVENTIONAL AND ORGANIC PADDY FARMING IN TWO ADJOINING VILLAGES." JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT 19, no. 1 (January 31, 2024): 96–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.46754/jssm.2024.01.009.
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Indonesian farmers can achieve sustainable livelihoods through organic farming. However, conventional farming is still the major agricultural application in Indonesia. Currently, there is little knowledge about the level of livelihood assets ownership by farmers between organic and conventional paddy farming to achieve sustainable livelihoods. This study is an initial comparison of the level of livelihood assets owned by organic and conventional paddy farmers. 34 conventional farmers from the Mulyo 2 farmer group and 32 organic farmers from Sumber Makmur 1 farmer group in East Java province were recruited as respondents. By using Sustainability Livelihood Analysis, it was found that human capital was at the same level between both farmer groups. The level of natural capital owned by respondents in the Mulyo 2 farmer group is higher than in Sumber Makmur 1. The level of financial, physical, and social capital for respondents in the Mulyo 2 farmer group was lower than in the Sumber Makmur 1 farmer group. It concludes that natural capital is the determinant to achieve sustainable livelihood by respondents in the Sumber Makmur 1 farmer group. Meanwhile, financial, physical, and social capital are the determinants to achieve sustainable livelihoods in the Mulyo 2 farmer group.
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Singgalen, Yerik Afrianto, Astuti Kusumawicitra, and Manuel Brito. "Gender, Livelihood, and Ecotourism during Covid-19 Epidemic in North Halmahera of Indonesia." Muwazah 13, no. 1 (June 15, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.28918/muwazah.v13i1.3475.
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This article aims to describe women's role in maintaining livelihoods in the tourism sector during the Covid-19 pandemic. The perspectives used are gender, livelihood, and ecotourism. This research location is in Tanjung Bongo Tourism Object and Kupa-Kupa Beach Tourism Object, North Halmahera Regency, Indonesia. The research method used is qualitative. The data collection techniques used were in-depth interviews, observation, and document study. This study's results indicate the role of women in maintaining livelihoods through business in the tourism sector. In the framework of sustainable livelihoods, limited access to capital affects the capability to support a tourism sector's business. On the other hand, women entrepreneurs in each tourism destination adhere to ecotourism principles to maintain a clean environment and safety and comfort in traveling. Based on this study's results, gender, livelihood, and ecotourism theoretically support sustainable eco-tourism.
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Vatria, Belvi. "Pembangunan Perikanan Skala Kecil Melalui Pendekatan Mata Pencaharian Berkelanjutan." Jurnal Vokasi 16, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 88–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.31573/vokasi.v16i2.340.
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Since ancient times, small-scale fishing communities have always attracted attention to study because small-scale fisheries have an important role in human well-being and sustainable development. To ensure the sustainability of small-scale fisheries, the development will be more effective if it focuses on strengthening livelihoods. The purpose of this study was to conduct a literature review on small-scale fisheries development through a sustainable livelihood approach. This research method is literature study through descriptive analysis by regularly describing various data that has been obtained and then synthesized so as to produce clear and easy to understand understandings and concepts. The research found that the sustainable livelihoods approach should basically be understood as a tool or checklist for understanding poverty, how the government responds to the poor, and how the poor perceive their own poverty. The core concepts of the sustainable livelihoods approach are; people-centered, holistic, dynamic, building on strengths, macro-micro links, sustainability. This study also found that there are ten main ideas that represent a sustainable livelihood framework, namely; the context of vulnerability, livelihood assets, human capital, social capital, natural capital, physical capital, financial capital, the transformation of structures and processes, livelihood strategies, and livelihood outcomes.
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Maziya, Mbongeni, Busisiwe Nkonki-Mandleni, Nandipha Mbizana, and Precious Tirivanhu. "The Perceived Impact of Climate Change on the Livelihoods of Smallholder Farmers in Kwazulu-Natal Province, South Africa." Sustainability 16, no. 7 (April 4, 2024): 3013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16073013.
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Smallholder farming is an important livelihood strategy for rural households in developing countries. Climate change and variability threaten the sustenance of livelihoods and hinder efforts to eradicate poverty and food insecurity. Although perception studies on climate change and coping mechanisms have been conducted in KwaZulu-Natal Province, little has been done on livelihood analysis. This study uses the Sustainable Livelihood Framework for livelihoods analysis of smallholder farmers in the uMkhanyakude district of KwaZulu-Natal Province in South Africa. Survey data were collected from a sample of 400 smallholder farmers in two local municipalities of the district, using a stratified random sampling procedure. Focus group discussions were used to augment survey data. Descriptive statistics were generated to analyse quantitative data, while qualitative data were analysed through thematic analysis. This study found that climate change significantly eroded livelihood assets, posing a threat to the well-being of smallholder farmers. Persistent drought has led to poor crop and livestock productivity, compelling households to rely heavily on food purchases. These findings underscore the urgent need to safeguard the livelihoods of smallholder farmers in the face of climate change. This study recommends that policymakers should focus on policies that enhance the resilience of livelihood assets for farming communities to minimise climatic risk.
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Etana, Dula, Denyse J. R. M. Snelder, Cornelia F. A. van Wesenbeeck, and Tjard de Cock Buning. "The Impact of Adaptation to Climate Change and Variability on the Livelihood of Smallholder Farmers in Central Ethiopia." Sustainability 13, no. 12 (June 16, 2021): 6790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126790.
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Although most micro-level studies show the positive impact of adaptation on food security and household income, these are only a few of the outcomes adaptation is intended to achieve. Farmers’ livelihoods function in complex ways such that an understanding the multidimensional outcome of adaptation is important. These necessitate the use of multiple indicators in the evaluation of the impact of adaptation. Based on data collected from 810 randomly selected households in central Ethiopia, this study investigates the impacts of adaptation strategies on the sustainability of the livelihoods of farmers. The economic, social, and environmental outcomes were integrated to construct the Livelihood Sustainability Index. The endogenous switching regression model, which accounts for unobserved heterogeneity and possible endogeneity, was used to examine the impact of using adaptation strategies. With a mean score of 41, the farmers had lower levels of livelihood sustainability. Farmers switching crop type, diversifying crops, planting improved seeds, engaging in land management activities, and using irrigation had a higher livelihood sustainability index compared to the counterfactual case in which they did not use them. Non-farm employment and migration significantly increased livelihood sustainability for the using households. However, had these factors been used by the non-users, it would have resulted in reduced livelihood sustainability. Farmers using more than four adaptation strategies had more sustainable livelihoods than using fewer strategies. The findings affirm that adaptation contributes to livelihood improvement. However, since the farmers are far from achieving a higher level of sustainable livelihoods, policies shall focus on maximizing the returns to be obtained from using adaptation strategies. This includes improving access to ecosystem services through environmental protection measures, increasing production efficiency through improved access to and proper utilization of farm inputs, expanding irrigation facilities, creating decent employment opportunities, and enhancing farmers’ skills through entrepreneurial training.
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Wang, Yin, Dian Min, Wenli Ye, Kongsen Wu, and Xinjun Yang. "The Impact of Rural Location on Farmers’ Livelihood in the Loess Plateau: Local, Urban–Rural, and Interconnected Multi-Spatial Perspective Research." Land 12, no. 8 (August 18, 2023): 1624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12081624.
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With the strengthening of regional and urban–rural interactions, farmers’ livelihood activities are becoming increasingly complex, and environmental factors that influence farmers’ livelihoods have multi-spatial effects. Consequently, comprehending farmers’ livelihoods from a multi-spatial perspective is imperative. Based on surveys conducted in 65 villages and 451 households in Jia County on the Loess Plateau, China, rural locations were deconstructed into natural, traffic, and positional advantages to explore the relationships and mechanisms between the rural environment and farmers’ livelihood stability from local, urban–rural, and interconnected multi-spatial perspectives. We found that 77% of the villages achieved a moderate or high Rural Location Advantage Index (RLAI) rating; 45% still lack natural advantages and are mainly located in hilly and sandy areas because of the fragile ecological environment of the Loess Plateau. Additionally, the Livelihood Stability Index (LSI) was moderate overall, but with significant spatial heterogeneity, and 72% of farmers possess strong transition capacity and have shifted away from relying on monoculture as their primary livelihood strategy. While a certain coupling correspondence exists between the LSI and RLAI, the interaction is intricate rather than a simple linear agglomeration process. The spatial variation in the LSI results from the superposition or interaction of multi-spatial location factors. The rural–urban spatial location factors are the key control element of the LSI and the interaction between rural–urban and local spatial location factors has the greatest influence on the LSI. It is simple for interconnected spatial location factors to produce a scale correlation effect, and have non-negligible effects on farmers’ livelihoods when they interact with other spatial location factors. Understanding the impact of rural location on farmers’ livelihood from a multi-spatial perspective is of great practical significance for identifying the causes of spatial heterogeneity in livelihoods and enhancing multi-level policy coordination on rural revitalization and livelihood security.
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Gomersall, Kathryn. "EIDs and the Intersectional Health/Livelihoods Paradox in the Rural Global South." Journal of Sustainable Development 15, no. 6 (November 4, 2022): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v15n6p66.
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This article presents the framework of the intersectional health/livelihoods paradox to analyse how political economic processes incur land use change to create vulnerability to infectious disease, but that in contending with these risks rural people negotiate conflicts with livelihoods. The conflicts and trade-offs people make in deliberating over health and livelihood outcomes because of ecological degradation are distributed unevenly through lines of social difference, such as gender and class. While the health/livelihoods paradox is evident within contexts of vulnerability to infectious disease, it is poignant when considering the impacts of interventions and containment strategies to control outbreaks in rural settings. Despite considerable attention on the urban context of disease surveillance, spread and containment due to the Covid-19 pandemic, this article refocuses analysis of the impacts of emerging infectious disease (EID) in rural contexts. The article shifts attention away from analysis of the problematic practices of rural households that undertake livelihood activities such as harvesting of wildlife for consumption, to a nexus between land use change, ecologies, livelihoods and health. The literature is fragmented in terms of the landscapes explored, developmental processes, species dynamics, diseases and social contexts. Therefore, this article presents a framework that enables complex dynamics such as these, that lead people to make compromises between competing health and livelihood outcomes to be examined.
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Tridakusumah, Ahmad Choibar, Iwan Setiawan, Adi Nugraha, Ganjar Kurnia, and Yayat Sukayat. "The relations between agricultural land conversion and urban farm workers livelihoods." E3S Web of Conferences 361 (2022): 03011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202236103011.
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The conversion of agricultural land for food in urban areas is a real threat to the region food security and availability. On the one hand, the livelihoods of farm workers are increasingly threatened, and it is easy to switch their livelihoods to other sectors. This study aims to examine the relationship between land conversion and farm laborers' household livelihood strategies to survive in urban areas. This study uses a mix methods approach to analyse relation between the macro data about land conversion rate data with the micro farm labor household livelihood strategy in West Java urban region. The results showed that the main livelihood for urban farm laborers could no longer be categorized, because of the fast and easy dynamics of transitioning from agricultural to non-agricultural livelihoods. This study also shows that the government's efforts are still not effective in suppressing the conversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural uses. The creation of new jobs based on urban agriculture is one solution that needs to be pursued to maintain food availability and the survival of urban farm workers.
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Chiba, Moffat. "The Diversification of Rural Livelihoods After the Year 2000 in Zimbabwe." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 10, no. 7 (July 23, 2023): 296–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.107.15073.
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The article explores rural livelihood diversification patterns after the year 2000 using the Zimbabwean case. It relied on 30 households’ life history accounts alongside document analysis by examining the processes, determinants, and outcomes of these livelihood configurations. While rural households’ livelihoods had come to entirely rely on either agriculture or wage employment or both before the 2000s, evidence has demonstrated that after the year 2000, the means of survival have been diversified into a number of a complicated archaeology of occupational testing through the streamlining of land and labour away from agriculture, and the consequent following of such occupations like hair-cutting, vending, migration among others. These livelihood patterns have been due to a complicated archaeology of events ranging from rural households’ socio-economic changes, the Fast Track Land Reform Programme, the unemployment effects of the fourth Industrial revolution and ecological destabilisation. Policy interventions, thus, need to acknowledge rural livelihoods diversification and help citizens by incorporating and helping these rural households into rural development projects and programmes to better their livelihoods.
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Mohammed, Ali D., and Kanton I. Osumanu. "Ecotourism and Rural Livelihood Nexus: An Assessment of the Wechiau Community Hippo Sanctuary Reserve." European Journal of Development Studies 2, no. 3 (May 12, 2022): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejdevelop.2022.2.3.99.
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Ecotourism has been envisaged not only as an alternative to mass tourism, but also as a livelihood diversification strategy for rural people. Researchers have presented mixed arguments regarding the relationship between Community Based Ecotourism Projects and rural livelihoods. This study therefore examined the link between rural livelihoods by conducting an in-depth assessment of the Wechiau Community Hippo Sanctuary Reserve. The research employed a cross sectional design with a mixed research approach. Questionnaires were used to collect data from 214 respondents in Kpanfa, Pellinkpari, Dochere, Dornye, Talawona and Tuole. Series of in-depth interviews were also carried out using interview guides and field observation. The study found that, the emergence of ecotourism in the area caused the emergence of some new livelihood activities while some traditional livelihood activities saw a decline while others were completely abandoned due to the enactment of some conservation bye- laws. Respondents were dissatisfied with the contribution of ecotourism livelihood activities to sustainable livelihoods coupled with unequal sharing and distribution of ecotourism benefits among sanctuary communities. The study recommended for more sustainable livelihood options to be developed by the Sanctuary Management Board to help improve the situation of the poor rural farmer on who’s livelihood ecotourism activities have a direct bearing and to also develop and implement a strategic policy framework to facilitate benefit sharing among catchment communities.