Relevant bibliographies by topics / Livelihoods

Academic literature on the topic 'Livelihoods'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Livelihoods"

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Dijk, Tara van. "Livelihoods, capitals and livelihood trajectories." Progress in Development Studies 11, no. 2 (April 2011): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146499341001100202.

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Laitupa, Jufri Pachri, Mulyono S. Baskoro, Budy Wiryawan, and Mustaruddin Mustaruddin. "Livelihoods Sustainability of Tuna Handline Fishery in Buru Island." Agrikan Jurnal Agribisnis Perikanan 16, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.52046/agrikan.v16i1.1368.

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This study aims to assess the status of the sustainability and the factors supporting or hindering the livelihoods of tuna hand line fishermen on Buru Island which includes Buru and south Buru regency. This study applied the FLIRES (Fisheries Livelihood Resilience) Check instrument which combines the principles of the Sustainable Livelihood Analysis (SLA) with the RAPFISH approach. Data collection started from March to August 2020, through observations and interviews of tuna hand line fishermen respondents in seventeen coastal villages in Buru and South Buru. Data were analyzed using RAPFISH which includes multidimensional scaling (MDS), leverage and monte carlo analysis. The results obtained, some index values of livelihood’s sustainability of tuna hand line fishers in the research location, in six fields, namely natural, human, physical, financial, social and instituional, ranged from 43.11 to 69.43, which indicate that the status of livelihoods in Buru is less sustainable in the natural field, while in South Buru it less sustainable in the human, physical and financial fields. Meanwhile, other fields indicate a fairly sustainable status. This study also identified there were 17 sensitive attributes from all fields that were supporting or hindering factors for the livelihood of tuna hand line fishermen in the research location. This finding has been expected to become a reference in improving the sustainability of the livelihoods of tuna hand line fishermen on Buru Island.
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Sadaf, Tahira, Rakhshanda Kousar, Zia Mohy Ul Din, Qaisar Abbas, Muhammad Sohail Amjad Makhdum, and Javaria Nasir. "Cotton production for the sustainable livelihoods in Punjab Pakistan: a case study of district Muzaffargarh." International Journal of Ethics and Systems 38, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoes-06-2021-0115.

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Purpose This study aims to analyze access of cotton growers to Sustainable Livelihoods Assets Pakistani Punjab. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the department for international development (DFID’s) sustainable livelihoods framework (DFID) (1999). Where data collection was done by using a well-structured questionnaire from 200 randomly selected cotton growers of the district Muzaffargarh. There are five livelihood assets (human assets, natural assets, financial assets, physical assets and social assets) in the SLF, this study has used three different indicators/proxies for each asset except natural assets, where four indicators were used to capture the salient features of the respondents’ access to that assets. Each indicator was given a weight by using the entropy technique to keep the consistency of the quantification. Livelihood assets indices were calculated in case of each livelihood asset for conducting Livelihood Assets Pentagon Analysis. Value of livelihood index ranged from 0–4. Findings Livelihoods Assets Pentagon analysis shows that cotton growers do not have proper access to all five livelihood assets. The asset with the highest capacity were social assets (sustainable livelihood index value = 0.3994), followed by natural assets (0.3294), financial assets (0.2511), human assets (0.2143) and physical assets (0.0897). Originality/value This study uses the SLF developed by DFID for analyzing factors affecting access to livelihoods assets of cotton growers in Pakistani Punjab. Sustainable agriculture and sustainable rural livelihoods lead to sustainable livelihoods where environment quality is taken into consideration. The study contains significant and new information.
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Gharibvand, Hojatollah Khedri, Hossein Azadi, and Frank Witlox. "Exploring appropriate livelihood alternatives for sustainable rangeland management." Rangeland Journal 37, no. 4 (2015): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj15027.

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Rangeland degradation and vulnerability of livelihoods are two major challenges facing pastoralists, rangeland managers and policy-makers in arid and semi-arid areas. There is a need to make holistic informed decisions in order to protect rangelands and sustain livelihoods. Through a comprehensive literature review on rangeland management policies and livelihood strategies of ‘rangeland users’, it is shown how such policies have affected sustainable rangeland management, how strategies to sustain livelihoods have been incomplete and how there has been a lack of a multi-disciplinary approach in acknowledging them. Accordingly, a set of appropriate livelihood alternatives is introduced and, thenceforth, a framework for their evaluation is developed. Supportive strategies for enhancing resilience are discussed as a research and policy-making gap. In this study, the keys to achieve sustainable livelihoods are acknowledged as ‘livelihoods’ resilience’, where livelihoods need to be supported by access to capital, means of coping with the contexts of vulnerability as well as by enhancing policies, institutions and processes. The paper proposes a set of ‘livestock-based livelihoods’ regarding ‘traditional pastoralism’ as well as ‘their mitigation and adaptation’. Moreover, their transformation to ‘commercial pastoralism’, ‘resource-based livelihoods’, ‘alternative livelihoods’ and ‘migration’ strategies is recognised to be employed by rangeland users as useful alternatives in different regions and under future changing conditions including climate change. These strategies embrace thinking on resilience and are supported by strategies that address social and ecological consequences of climate change consisting of mitigation, adaptation and transformation. It is argued that sustainable livelihoods and sustainable rangeland management will be achieved if they are supported by policies that build and facilitate a set of appropriate livelihood alternatives and keep them in a sustainable state rather than being limited to supporting ‘vulnerable livelihoods’. Finally, future directions for analysing and policy-making in selecting the best alternative to achieve sustainable livelihoods are indicated.
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Pokharel, Bharat Kumar. "Community forestry and peoples livelihoods." Journal of Forest and Livelihood 1, no. 1 (April 7, 2024): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jfl.v1i1.59811.

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Journal of Forestry and Livelihood ForestAction16 LIVELIHOODS, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY AND EQUITY The author highlights the successes of community forestry in improving local livelihoods. Using a livelihood framework, he assesses the nature and extent ofcontributions of community forestry in improving the different livelihoods capitals – including social and human, natural, and physical. He also identifies broader positive changes in social, organizational and policy aspects. Finally, some challenges ahead are also identified.
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Widiono, Septri, Ekawati Sri Wahyuni, Lala M. Kolopaking, and Arif Satria. "Livelihood Diversity of Rural Communities Without Legal Access to Forest Resources: The Case of Kerinci Seblat National Park in Bengkulu Province." Forest and Society 8, no. 1 (June 19, 2024): 249–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24259/fs.v8i1.30947.

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Kerinci Seblat National Park in Bengkulu, Indonesia, was gazetted by the Indonesian government, and its overlaps with forests occupied by most indigenous communities made their farming activities in the area illegal. People were prohibited from accessing and expanding their farming areas in the national park, threatening their livelihoods. The livelihood diversity index (LDI) and livelihood asset index (LAI) were used to explore the livelihood systems of these communities. This study also examines the effect of livelihood assets on livelihood diversity and analyzes livelihood strategy choices using Giddens’ structuration theory. A quantitative survey combined with in-depth interviews was conducted in two villages with different land types: wetlands (rice fields) and drylands (farmlands). This study found that the communities diversified their livelihoods into eight types of livelihood strategies. Almost all livelihood indicators were different, and the differences in livelihood asset indicators affected the LDI. As a process of structuration, communities have diversified their livelihoods into farm (e.g., annual and perennial crops), off-farm (e.g., farm wages), and non-farm (e.g., services and government transfer) activities. Rural households have modified their social and physical structures to secure their livelihoods by optimizing agricultural intensification technologies or by seeking non-agricultural income. Households decide whether to specialize or diversify their livelihoods based on factors such as the area of cultivated land, number of crops cultivated, distance of the farming location from the house, total household income, non-farm income, and reciprocal relationships.
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Alcantara, R. C. D. "Making tourism livelihoods sustainable: An assessment of community livelihood assets as impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1366, no. 1 (July 1, 2024): 012001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1366/1/012001.

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Abstract Barangay Cagbalete Uno is a rural village found in the island of Cagbalete, Mauban, Philippines whose local livelihoods are largely based on tourism activities. Due to the adverse impacts of COVID-19 to the tourism industry, this paper examined the change in livelihood assets of Cagbalete Uno before and during the pandemic to assess how sustainable tourism livelihoods in the island are. Using the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF), the livelihood assets pentagon showed a significant decline in all capitals. The financial capital had the most significant decline, followed by the social, human, natural, and physical capitals. The experience of the local community revealed that the availability and access to one capital affected the availability and access to the other capitals. Therefore, designing sustainable livelihoods should aim to understand and enhance all livelihood assets in the community. Additionally, the dependence of tourism on external stakeholders can make communities more vulnerable. Therefore, instead of displacing them, tourism development should enhance other livelihood activities in a destination.
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Thi Diem Thuy, Doan, Tran Duc Dung, Pham Dang Manh Hong Luan, and Nguyen Thi Thanh Duyen. "Assessment of the livelihood sustainability of rice farmers in the upper floodplains of the Vietnamese Mekong delta." Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences 4, no. 1 (December 20, 2020): first. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjns.v4i1.992.

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Rural areas and rural livelihoods in many countries have been affected by changes in natural and environmental conditions. In areas where livelihoods relied on the floodwater, changes in flood regimes and the natural environment had significantly impacted many farmers' livelihoods. In the Mekong Delta flooded areas, flood patterns changed mainly due to the hydropower development and the climate change. The livelihoods of many farmers, primarily rice farmers, were facing challenges and needed changes to adapt to the sustainable livelihood development. This study used a sustainable livelihood framework of DFID to assess factors affecting the sustainability in agricultural livelihoods in flooded areas of An Giang province, specifically at Phu Hiep and Phu Long communes of Phu Tan district. We interviewed 60 farmers based on the structured questionnaire and conducted two focus group discussions with more than 40 participating farmers. Our results of the Livelihood Capitals Index (LCI) showed that natural and physical capitals had less impact on household livelihoods. Phu Long is less affected than Phu Hiep by assessing five capitals. Farm households' current livelihoods were mainly affected by the lack of human resources and the unstability of market prices. The rate of consensus on transition to sustainable farming models was not high due to many factors. However, the transition is possible if their production and output are secured by the government.
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Yang, Hui, Zeng Huang, Zhuoying Fu, Jiayou Dai, Yan Yang, and Wei Wang. "Does Land Transfer Enhance the Sustainable Livelihood of Rural Households? Evidence from China." Agriculture 13, no. 9 (August 24, 2023): 1667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13091667.

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Land transfer and its socio-economic impact are key areas of research interest. Such an examination can help to enhance the sustainability of farming livelihoods, maximise livelihood strategies, and achieve sustainable development. This paper establishes a sustainable livelihood evaluation index for rural households based on sustainable livelihood theory. It measures the degree of sustainability in the livelihoods of farmers based on field research data from 650 rural households in Hubei Province, China, and analyses the impact of land transfer using a multiple linear regression model. A number of control variables were identified and introduced into the analysis. It also uses the regression decomposition approach to investigate the impact of each factor on the sustainable livelihoods of rural households. The findings revealed that (1) land transfer can significantly increase the sustainability of rural households’ livelihoods; (2) livelihood sustainability increases with the size of the land transfer area; and (3) the primary elements determining the ability of rural households to maintain sustainable living are land transfers, the amount of land transferred, and the size of the family. Based on these findings, this study argues for the need to improve land transfer management, accelerate agricultural industrialisation and promote the transfer of land contract management rights to improve the livelihoods of rural households.
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Ibrahim, Ahmad Zubir, Kalthum Hassan, Roslina Kamaruddin, and Abdul Rahim Anuar. "Examining the Livelihood Assets and Sustainable Livelihoods among the Vulnerability Groups in Malaysia." Indian-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Finance 1, no. 3 (July 1, 2017): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.52962/ipjaf.2017.1.3.17.

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Until recently, the livelihood vulnerability group such as paddy farmers, coastal fishers and rubber tappers in rural areas are susceptible to economic shock and climate change such as flood and drought. This situation will jeopardise the livelihoods of this group. In response to that, this study aims to investigate the relationship between livelihood assets and sustainable livelihoods. This study adopts quantitative study with stratified sampling method to select a total of 600 respondents from rural areas in Kedah and Kelantan. The findings confirm that physical asset, natural asset and social asset are significantly related to the achievement of sustainable livelihoods. Some recommendations have been highlighted to assist the concerned parties in improving sustainable livelihoods among the vulnerable group in rural areas.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Livelihoods"

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Lasso, Aldi Herindra. "The Double-edged Sword of Tourism: Tourism Development and Local Livelihoods in Komodo District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/370982.

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Tourism development has long been promoted as an effective means of bringing improvements to local communities. However, along with many positive benefits of tourism there are many negative impacts on economic, social and environmental aspects of communities. The introduction of tourism often triggers alterations in the way local people make a living. Such alterations often lead to full tourism-dependent livelihoods, affecting the sustainability of traditional livelihoods due to the unreliability of the tourism industry. This study provides empirical evidence of such alterations in local communities. The research data for this study was collected in Komodo District, West Manggarai, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, with the souvenir, tour boat and travel businesses as case studies. Using qualitative methods, this study elaborates the impacts of tourism on local livelihoods, by focusing on: the process of how tourism affected local livelihoods; the opportunities and threats emerging from the impact of tourism; the strategies applied to respond to the challenges; and the locals’ perspectives of influential stakeholders and sustainable tourism development. Although the current businesses provide the local businesspeople with a relatively immediate income, potential challenges have emerged that threaten the sustainability of their tourism-based livelihoods: their full reliance on tourism; fierce competition; extensive low seasons; and their lack of required skills. The locals’ strategies responding to such challenges remain focused on tourism-dependent businesses that have a high reliance on tourism. If tourism declines, the local people will have insufficient alternatives to maintain their livelihoods. Preserving non-tourismrelated businesses as a livelihood diversification strategy will significantly increase their ability to cope with difficult times.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Dept Intnl Bus&Asian Studies
Griffith Business School
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Lautze, Susan Lorraine. "Militarised livelihoods in Uganda." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539971.

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Mogobe, Serati S. "Exploring livelihood strategies employed by women street food vendors in Gaborone, Botswana." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7833.

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Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)
The informal economy has continued to increase in developing countries, giving jobs and income to marginalised groups, the majority being women. The rise of the informal sector is perpetuated by exclusionary social policies and the continued increase in unemployment. In Botswana, street food vending, the most visible form of the informal sector trading, has evolved to be a survivalist activity that women populate. Increasing poverty levels, gender inequalities, and high unemployment rates have resulted in poor urban women being vulnerable to the stresses and shocks caused by these factors. Street food vending is therefore pursued by women to mitigate their vulnerability. Additionally, street food vending allows for more flexible working hours, thus accommodating women’s community, household, and productive roles. Despite women’s substantial contribution to Botswana’s informal economy, the government has not done much to support them.
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Acheampong, Emmanuel. "Sustainable livelihoods of forest fringe communities : forests, trees and household livelihood strategies in southern Ghana." Thesis, University of Hull, 2003. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5460.

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Forests play fundamental roles in supporting rural livelihoods in Ghana. They form an integral part of the rural economy, providing subsistence goods and services as well as items of trade. Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) contribute in many ways to improving diets, combating hunger and increasing incomes for rural households in Ghana. Indeed, wild plants and animals have traditionally been the major insurance of many rural households against food and livelihood insecurity. Yet past forestry development efforts have primarily focused on timber, and on building the forest capital, without paying equal attention to how these particular assets combine with others to sustain livelihoods, especially for the poor. This oversight has resulted in gaps in our understanding of the contribution of forest products to sustainable livelihoods. This study focuses primarily on the role of forest products (especially NTFPs) in rural livelihoods, the institutional issues that mediate local people's access to forest products, the impact of forest degradation and decline on rural livelihoods, and the forms of adaptation to forest resources decline. By combining qualitative and quantitative processes of enquiry (rapid rural appraisal, household questionnaire survey, key informant interviews, household case studies, literature search and direct detailed observations), the extent and manner in which forest-based resources form part of livelihood structures of forest and near-forest dwellers was examined in three forest fringe communities in the Wassa Amenfi District of southern Ghana. The results of this study reveal that NTFPs provide critical resources across southern Ghana, fulfilling nutritional, medicinal, cultural and financial needs, especially during periods of seasonal hardship and emergencies. Virtually all households consume a wide variety of forest foods, and forest-based activities provide one of the most common income-earning options for households throughout the study area. The contribution of forests and forest products to rural livelihoods is also manifested in the spiritual, cultural and traditional values placed on them. Forest products feature in many cultural ceremonies such as marriages, funerals, initiations, the installation of chiefs and the celebration of births. In spite of the important contribution of forest resources to rural livelihoods, current statutes in Ghana do not recognise indigenous rights to NTFPs in forest reserve areas. All products within forest reserves, including timber and NTFPs are vested in the government. Local people must obtain permits to harvest products from forest reserves. Similarly, all naturally occurring timber trees - whether on private or on communal land, or even on private farms - 'belong' to the government. It is an offence for an individual or community to cut or sell timber or merchantable tree species without permission from the Forestry Department (FD). Local people resent this form of exclusion and see the permit system as too expensive and complicated. This policy of exclusion discourages any sense of stewardship or responsibility towards forest resources. It alienates, and is a strong disincentive to local management of forests and timber resources. Because of this, people harvest NTFPs profligately and often destroy valuable timber species on their farms before concessionaires can gain access to them. The potential of forest products to continue to support rural livelihoods in Ghana can only be realised by an increase in the stream of forest benefits to local people. This will require security of access to forest resources, local incentives to protect the forest and its timber resources, and the involvement of local communities in forest management. These are critical issues if local communities are to use the forest resources in their localities sustainably. Because local communities are primary users of forest products, and create rules that significantly affect forest condition, their inclusion in forestry management schemes is essential.
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Okunlola, Adetola S. "Local economic development, agriculture and livelihoods." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5194.

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Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)
A total of 25 million South Africans are living in poverty, the majority of them in rural areas (SPII, 2007) added to this, the percentage of people living in poverty in rural areas more than doubles those living in the same conditions in an urban context (Armstrong, Lekezwa & Siebrits, 2008). Alleviating poverty and promoting development in rural areas is Strategic Priority no.3 in the National Government’s medium term strategic framework, through the Comprehensive Rural Development Programme (DRDLR, 2010). It has also been shown that poverty alleviation through small-scale agricultural projects can be successful in both creating income and improving household nutrition (Lahiff, 2003). The South African Government has attempted multiple varied approaches towards poverty alleviation in rural South Africa with mixed success. One of these approaches is that of a formalised strategy for Local Economic Development (LED) at the municipal government level. LED has been placed firmly in the remit of local government and in some areas has been undertaken by LED agencies (LEDAs) which are autonomous entities but are operating within municipal legal structures. The Blue Crane Development Agency (BCDA) is one such LEDA based in the Blue Crane Route Municipality of the Cacadu District of the Eastern Cape. The main aim of this study is to explore how the BCDA’s agricultural projects affected the livelihoods of their participant communities. The study utilises the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach (SLA) in order to measure primarily qualitative differences the LED program has made to local livelihood strategies and outcomes. The research takes the form of a case-study, utilising in depth interviews and Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools. It was found that the agricultural LED projects did increase livelihoods and capital during the time they were ongoing. However, as the projects had ended there was no long term increase to livelihood strategies and security. Multiple factors were responsible for the project failures. These include the lack of clear delineation in roles between the BCDA and their employees, lack of re-investment once projects were inherited by the beneficiaries and insufficient post hand-over mentoring.
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Knutsson, Per. "Interdisciplinary knowledge integration and the sustainable livelihoods approach : case studies on rural livelihoods in Kenya and China /." Göteborg : Göteborg University, School of Global Studies, Human Ecology Section, 2005. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0611/2006411343.html.

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Tamasane, Tsiliso. "Goodbye to Projects? ¿ A livelihoods-grounded audit of the Sustainable Coastal Livelihoods Programme (SCLP) in South Africa." Bradford Centre for International Development, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3044.

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Approaches to projects and development have undergone considerable change in the last decade with significant policy shifts on governance, gender, poverty eradication, and environmental issues. Most recently this has led to the adoption and promotion of the sustainable livelihood (SL) approach. The adoption of the SL approach presents challenges to development interventions including: the future of projects and programmes, and sector wide approaches (SWAPs) and direct budgetary support. This paper `A livelihoods-grounded audit of the Sustainable Coastal Livelihoods Programme (SCLP)¿ is the twelfth in the series of project working papers.
Department for International Development
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Nilsson, Wilda. "Spatiality of Livelihood Strategies : the Reciprocal Relationships between Space and Livelihoods in the Tibetan Exile Community in India." Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för kultur, energi och miljö, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-1365.

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Research on livelihoods has been conducted across various fields but there has been less focus upon detection and analyzing of the interconnected relationships between space and livelihoods. This study investigates these relationships from a place-specific point of view utilizing the Tibetan exile community in India as a case study. The qualitative method of semi-structured, in-depth interviews has been employed in order to gather primary data. Theoretically, this thesis draws it framework mainly from the human geography perspective on space and place combined with the conceptual Sustainable Livelihood framework.  This thesis argues that it is possible to distinguish four examples of reciprocal relationships between space and livelihoods in the places studied. These are spatial congregation into an ethnic enclave, the altering of place specific time-space relations which in turn alters livelihood possibilities over time, migration and spatial dispersion of livelihoods. These results are case specific and not generalizable.
Forskning kring försörjningsmöjligheter har utförts inom en rad vetenskapliga fält men få har fokuserat på att finna och analysera ömsesidiga relationer mellan space och försörjningsstrategier. Denna studie undersöker dessa relationer med en plats-specifik utgångspunkt och använder det tibetanska exilsamhället i Indien som fallstudie. Den kvalitativa metoden semi-strukturerade djupintervjuer har använts för att samla in primärdata. Uppsatsen drar sitt teoretiska ramverk från det samhällsgeografiska perspektiven på space och place i kombination med det konceptuella ramverket Sustainable Livelihood framework.  Uppsatsen menar att det är möjligt att särskilja fyra exempel på de ömsesidiga relationerna mellan space och försörjningsstrategier. Dessa är rumslig ansamling i en etniska enklav,  förändringar i platsspecifika tid-rum relationer vilket påverkar försörjningsmöjligheter över tid, migration och rumslig spridning av försörjning. Dessa resultat anses vara fallspecifika och därför inte möjliga att generalisera.
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McDermott, Lindsay. "Contrasting livelihoods in the upper and lower Gariep River basin: a study of livelihood change and household development." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007147.

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This study investigated rural livelihoods in two contrasting environments in the upper and lower reaches of the Gariep River: Sehlabathebe in the Lesotho highlands, and the Richtersveld in the Northern Cape, and how these have changed over time. Livelihoods were examined using the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework in conjunction with the household development cycle. This study therefore adopted a multi-scale approach, where a micro-level household analysis was framed within the macro level social, political, environmental, economic and institutional context, while taking into account the role of temporal scale of livelihood change. A multi-scale approach facilitated the identification of the major drivers of change, both exogenous and endogenous. The combination of livelihood strategies pursued differed between the two sites. Households in Sehlabathebe are reliant mainly on arable and garden cultivation, livestock in some households, occasional remittances, use of wild resources, petty trading and reliance on donations. Households in the Richtersveld relied primarily on livestock, wage labour, use of wild resources and State grants or pensions. The livelihood strategies pursued in each site have not changed markedly over time, but rather the relative importance of those strategies was found to have changed. The assets available to households, the livelihood strategies adopted and the changes in these livelihood strategies are influenced by a households stage in the development cycle and differing macro-level factors. Drivers of change operate at multiple spatial and temporal scales, and are often complex and interrelated. The major drivers of livelihood change were identified as macro-economic, demographic, institutional and social and climatic. This study highlights the importance of using historical analysis in the study of livelihoods, as well as the complexity and diversity of rural livelihoods. Ecosystem goods and services were found to play a fundamental role in rural livelihoods and are influenced by institutional factors. Rural households are heavily reliant on the formal economy, and macro-economic changes have had a significant impact on livelihoods. This is highlighted by how the drastic decline in migrant labour opportunities for households in Sehlabathebe has negatively affected them. Vulnerability was shown to be a result of external shocks and trends, such as institutional transformation, a decline in employment opportunities, theft and climatic variation; and differed between the two sites. The role of institutional breakdown was shown to be a major factor influencing rural livelihoods, and this is related to broader economic and political changes. This study contributes to the growing literature on rural livelihoods by allowing for an appreciation of how differing environments and contextual factors influence livelihood strategies adopted, and which different factors are driving change.
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Cohen, Leah. "The impact of illness on livelihoods in rural western Kenya the influence of livelihood type, gender, and seasonality /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0005282.

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Books on the topic "Livelihoods"

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Davies, Susanna. Adaptable Livelihoods. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24409-6.

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Ahmed, Borhan, and Proshikhsan Shikhsan Kaj (Organization : Bangladesh). Impact Monitoring and Evaluation Cell., eds. Village livelihoods profile: Livelihoods profiles of two villages. Dhaka: Impact Monitoring and Evaluation Cell, PROSHIKA, 2003.

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Barraclough, Solon L., and Krishna B. Ghimire. Forests and Livelihoods. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230375802.

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), Peace Corps (U S. Youth livelihoods: Employability. Washington, DC: Peace Corps, 2013.

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Rebecca, Calder, ed. Livelihoods in Lesotho. Maseru, Lesotho: CARE Lesotho, 2001.

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Barraclough, Solon Lovett. Forests and livelihoods. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995.

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Eastin, Joshua, and Kendra Dupuy, eds. Gender, climate change and livelihoods: vulnerabilities and adaptations. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247053.0000.

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Abstract This book applies a gender lens to examine the implications of climate change for livelihoods in vulnerable states. The goals are to enhance awareness of climate change as a gender issue, and to highlight the importance of gender in identifying livelihood vulnerabilities and in designing more robust climate adaptation measures, especially in climate-sensitive industries such as agriculture. The contributions in this book examine how the consequences of climate change affect women and men in different ways, and address the implications of climate change for women's livelihoods and resource access. The book is organized into two main sections. The first section (Chapters 2-8) examines disparities in the vulnerability of women's and men's livelihoods to climate change. The chapters in this section address issues such as gender inequalities in the household distribution of labour; differential access to agricultural livelihood inputs and assets; gender-based threats to personal safety and security; and gendered vulnerability to and experiences with climate disasters, food insecurity, and infrastructure development. The second section (chapters 9-16) takes a gender-based view of various climate adaptation initiatives in areas that rely on agriculture for subsistence and production. The contributions in this section address gender-inclusive participation in climate policy planning and decision making, the role of gender in livelihood adaptation measures, and any successes, failures, or opportunities for improvement that emerge from these efforts.
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Harcourt, Wendy, ed. Women Reclaiming Sustainable Livelihoods. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137022349.

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Fabinyi, Michael, and Kate Barclay. Asia-Pacific Fishing Livelihoods. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79591-7.

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Fernandez, Bina, Meena Gopal, and Orlanda Ruthven. Land, Labour and Livelihoods. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40865-1.

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Book chapters on the topic "Livelihoods"

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Harper, Malcolm, D. S. K. Rao, and Ashis Kumar Sahu. "Livelihoods." In Development, Divinity and Dharma, 77–83. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780440767.007.

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Baruah, Mitul. "Livelihoods, ruined." In Slow Disaster, 86–114. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003051565-4.

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D’Souza, Errol. "Secure Livelihoods." In Conceptualizing the Ubiquity of Informal Economy Work, 71–86. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7428-3_7.

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Freeman, Claire. "Caring livelihoods." In Planning for the Caring City, 152–79. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003177012-6.

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Carr, Stuart C. "Sustainable Livelihoods." In Wage and Well-being, 65–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19301-9_3.

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van Eekelen, Willem. "Diversified livelihoods." In ICT and Rural Development in the Global South, 37–40. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003451716-5.

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Derhgawen, Shubhangi, Hima Trisha Mohan, and Jignesh Mistry. "Weaving Livelihoods." In Vulnerable Communities in Neoliberal India, 79–96. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003494065-5.

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Steinbrink, Malte, and Hannah Niedenführ. "Translocal Livelihoods: New Perspectives in Livelihood Research." In Springer Geography, 35–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22841-5_3.

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Mwasha, Saumu Ibrahim, and Zoe Robinson. "Building Livelihoods Resilience in the Face of Climate Change: Case Study of Small-Holder Farmers in Tanzania." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 829–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_49.

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AbstractThe impacts of climate change are already being felt on human and environmental systems, with the brunt of the impacts being felt by communities in the Global South, particularly small-holder farmers due to their poverty levels and greater direct dependency on natural resources for their livelihoods. Hence, there is a need to understand how to build small-holder farmers’ resilience to climate change. Climate change adaptation strategies need to build livelihood resilience in the face of climate change as well as address the factors that contribute to farmers’ vulnerability. This chapter draws from a mixed-method study conducted in three villages each in a different agro-ecological zone in the Kilimanjaro region, Tanzania, to explore how to build farmers’ livelihood resilience through addressing factors that increase livelihood vulnerability to climate change. These farmers’ livelihoods are vulnerable because of both the impacts of climate variability on the farmers’ livelihood assets and certain social and environmental structures and characteristics. Building small-holder farmers’ livelihood resilience that can ensure the desired levels of livelihood outcomes in the face of climate variability and change, requires integration of strategies across household resource management as well as farm-based livelihood assets, and a holistic rather than piecemeal approach to small-holder farmers’ livelihoods.
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Davies, Susanna. "Introduction." In Adaptable Livelihoods, 1–14. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24409-6_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Livelihoods"

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EL BILALI, Hamid, Michael HAUSER, Sinisa BERJAN, Otilija MISECKAITE, and Lorenz PROBST. "RURAL LIVELIHOODS TRANSITIONS: TOWARDS AN INTEGRATION OF THE SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS APPROACH AND THE MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.242.

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In rural areas, especially in low and middle-income countries, livelihoods have to diversify to include new on- and off-farm activities. However, sustainable livelihood concepts have so far not sufficiently accommodated transition dynamics. Mostly, rural livelihoods and sustainability transitions are addressed separately in the scientific literature. The aim of this review paper is to explore opportunities to integrate the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach (SLA) and the Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) on transitions. We provide an overview of the SLA and MLP. We then focus on the conceptual linkages between SLA and MLP, in particular regarding livelihood diversification strategies. Our review shows that the conceptual overlaps of the SLA and the MLP allow for a meaningful combination of both approaches to harness their respective strengths. Vulnerabilities from the SLA perspective (e.g. shocks, trends, changes) are considered at the landscape level in MLP. Policies, institutions, processes in SLA are part of ‘regime’ in the MLP heuristic. The livelihood diversification in SLA, e.g. the development of new on- and off-farm activities, can be described as niches in MLP. Some empirical work on agricultural transitions from the MLP perspective has adopted a territorial approach to take into consideration the pluri-activity of farms and the interactions between different subsystems (food, energy and tourism). This resonates well with the idea of livelihood diversification as a strategy in SLA. We conclude that integrating SLA and MLP will help to better understand livelihood diversification processes and we provide a preliminary proposal for a livelihood transition framework.
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Yohannis, Michaelina Almaz, Timothy M. Waema, and Margaret Hutchinson. "Linking climate information to livelihood strategies through ICTs: The role of integrated sustainable livelihoods framework." In 2017 IST-Africa Week Conference (IST-Africa). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/istafrica.2017.8102295.

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MacDonald, Alan, Viviana Re, Rodrigo Manzione, Tamiru Abiye, and Aditi Mukherji. "GROUNDWATER, SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS AND EQUITABLE GROWTH." In GSA Connects 2021 in Portland, Oregon. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-369133.

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Wan, T., C. L. Pu, and C. X. Tao. "Study on farmers' livelihoods capital in southern Xinjiang." In International Conference on Advances in Management Engineering and Information Technology. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ameit140421.

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Mandal, Nirmal Kumar, and Srilata Patnaik. "Transforming Livelihoods: Ensuring Equity and Sustainability Through ICT." In 2nd International Conference on Sustainability and Equity (ICSE-2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ahsseh.k.220105.010.

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Syamsidah, Dr. "Social Livelihoods of Silk Weaver’s Family in Bira Bulukumba." In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Advanced Multidisciplinary Research (ICAMR 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icamr-18.2019.141.

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Abrahams, Mark, Carlos Peres, and Hugo Costa. "Semi-subsistence communities in Brazilian Amazonia: Livelihoods and conservation." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107308.

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McClintock-Ortiz, Jessica. "Climate Change and Corn: The threat to Mexican Livelihoods." In Conference of the Youth Environmental Alliance in Higher Education. Michigan Technological University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37099/mtu.dc.yeah-conference/2020/all-events/11.

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Greiner, R. "Payments for environmental services (PES): contribution to Indigenous livelihoods." In ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS 2010. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/eeia100141.

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Rao, Alakananda, and Partha Dasgupta. "Rural livelihoods and income enhancement in the "new" economy." In the 4th ACM Workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1836001.1836002.

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Reports on the topic "Livelihoods"

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Maria Lorena, Cleto. Strengthening Livelihoods. Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/brf230573-2.

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Hegazi, Farah, and Katongo Seyuba. Leveraging Livelihood Diversification for Peacebuilding in Climate- and Conflict-affected Contexts. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/dvdw9043.

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Livelihoods are central to the relationship between climate change and conflict. Despite the recognition that climate change related livelihood deterioration is associated with conflict, livelihood interventions are not prominent as a peacebuilding tool and most livelihood diversification is done autonomously. Supporting women’s livelihoods is also overlooked as a peacebuilding tool, with the focus primarily being on addressing the consequences of sexual violence after conflict. This SIPRI Policy Brief offers insights into how building and diversifying livelihoods can contribute to peacebuilding in climate- and conflict-affected contexts. The policy brief recommends: (a) supporting viable and sustainable livelihood diversification interventions to effectively address livelihood insecurity and associated conflict risks, and (b) increasing support for women’s livelihoods to promote women’s empowerment as a peacebuilding tool.
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Woods, Patricia. Livelihoods induction pack. Evidence on Demand, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12774/eod_ipl_sept2013_woods.

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Brown, Alison, and Alastair Smith. Topic Guide: Livelihoods and urbanisation. Evidence on Demand, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12774/eod_tg.march2016.brownaetal.

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Lombardini, Simone. Livelihoods in the Philippines: Impact evaluation of the project 'scaling up sustainable livelihoods in Mindanao'. Oxfam GB, November 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2015.582752.

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Thompson, John, Thompson, John, Njuguna Ndung’u, Miguel Albacete, Abid Q. Suleri, Junaid Zahid, and Rubab Aftab. The Impact of Covid-19 on Livelihoods and Food Security. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/core.2021.002.

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Studies of livelihoods and food systems since the start of the global pandemic in 2020 have shown a consistent pattern: the primary risks to food and livelihood security are at the household level. Covid-19 is having a major impact on households’ production and access to quality, nutritious food, due to losses of income, combined with increasing food prices, and restrictions to movements of people, inputs and products. The studies included in this Research for Policy and Practice Report and supported by the Covid-19 Responses for Equity (CORE) Programme span several continents and are coordinated by leading research organisations with a detailed understanding of local food system dynamics and associated equity and livelihood issues in their regions: (1) the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa; (2) supporting small and medium enterprises, food security, and evolving social protection mechanisms to deal with Covid-19 in Pakistan; and (3) impact of Covid-19 on family farming and food security in Latin America: evidence-based public policy responses.
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Thompson, John, Thompson, John, Njuguna Ndung’u, Miguel Albacete, Abid Q. Suleri, Junaid Zahid, and Rubab Aftab. The Impact of Covid-19 on Livelihoods and Food Security. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/core.2021.001.

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Studies of livelihoods and food systems since the start of the global pandemic in 2020 have shown a consistent pattern: the primary risks to food and livelihood security are at the household level. Covid-19 is having a major impact on households’ production and access to quality, nutritious food, due to losses of income, combined with increasing food prices, and restrictions to movements of people, inputs and products. The studies included in this Research for Policy and Practice Report and supported by the Covid-19 Responses for Equity (CORE) Programme span several continents and are coordinated by leading research organisations with a detailed understanding of local food system dynamics and associated equity and livelihood issues in their regions: (1) the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa; (2) supporting small and medium enterprises, food security, and evolving social protection mechanisms to deal with Covid-19 in Pakistan; and (3) impact of Covid-19 on family farming and food security in Latin America: evidence-based public policy responses.
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Egeru, Anthony, Clement Okia, and Jan de Leeuw. Trees and livelihoods in Karamoja, Uganda. Evidence on Demand, February 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.12774/eod_hd.december2014.egeruaetal.

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Rohwerder, Brigitte. Equitable Support for Livelihoods and Food. Institute of Development Studies, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/core.2023.008.

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The Covid-19 pandemic and policy responses to contain its spread had severe impacts on people’s livelihoods and food security. It exposed weaknesses and inequities in social protection systems, food production and distribution, job security, and economic policies, with those already marginalised and vulnerable most affected (Bolton and Georgalakis 2022; Thompson et al. 2021; Rohwerder 2020). Lockdowns, the closure of borders, and the shutting or scaling down of businesses and public offices led to economic recessions, loss of livelihoods, and pushed millions of people to the brink of poverty and destitution (Thompson et al. 2021). The pandemic majorly impacted on households’ production and access to quality, nutritious food due to losses of income combined with increasing food prices and restrictions to movements of people, inputs and products (ibid.). Women and those working in informal economies were hardest hit in both rural and urban areas as a result of deep-rooted inequalities (ibid.; Bolton and Georgalakis 2022; Juárez Padilla, Machorro and Pira 2021). These effects continue four years on with the Global Report on Food Crises 2023 identifying the lingering socioeconomic impacts of the pandemic as one of the key factors in driving up acute food insecurity (FSIN and Global Network Against Food Crises 2023). The socioeconomic impacts of the pandemic have negatively affected poor people’s resilience, resulting in longer recovery periods and an inability to cope with future shocks (ibid.). Drawing on research supported by the Covid-19 Responses for Equity (CORE) Programme – which is supported by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) – this guide highlights key lessons and priority actions that need to be taken to respond to food and livelihood security challenges for food systems to become equitable and resilient. This includes supporting immediate needs; building flexibility, resilience and inclusion into food systems and social protection, and developing economic policies that are equitable and gender responsive (Bolton and Georgalakis 2022).
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Lind, Jeremy, Rachel Sabates-Wheeler, and Carolina Szyp. Cash and Livelihoods in Contexts of Conflict and Fragility. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/basic.2022.028.

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Multiple efforts have been made in recent years to introduce cash transfers augmented by livelihood support (‘cash-plus’) into protracted crisis contexts to support lives and livelihoods. Yet, little learning has been generated about how to design and implement these effectively and under what conditions. This brief summarises the state of the evidence and debate, gaps in the evidence, and directions for research that emerge from the thematic paper on cash-plus in protracted crises characterised by conflict and fragility. We identify distinct objectives and patterns of cash-plus provision across different conflict-social protection contexts. A dearth of evidence on impacts of these programmes remains. This has implications for future work in the area of cash assistance and livelihoods in protracted crisis settings. We identify a number of key questions to guide further research.
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