Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Littoral water'
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Jackson, Michael James. "The role of littoral macroinvertebrates in the management of the shallow lakes of the Norfolk Broads." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273510.
Full textBadreddine, Ali. "Écosystèmes côtiers du littoral libanais : état écologique, conservation, évolution." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR4031/document.
Full textThe aim of this study was to provide further knowledge of the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on the conservation status of important shallow habitats (vermetid reefs, Cystoseira forests) in a relatively poorly known region of the Mediterranean Sea: the Lebanese coast. Multiple approaches were applied for the first time along the Levantine Sea, such as the CARLIT (CARtography of rocky-shore LITtoral communities) index, a tool conceived to quantify the Ecological Status (ES) in the framework of the Water Directive (WFD 2000/60/EU). A general description of the Lebanese coastline, summarizing the major environmental features and anthropogenic activities influencing benthic communities, highlighted that Lebanon has been (and is at present) subject to multiple stressors. The application of the CARLIT, based on macroalgal, gives important insights on the ES of Lebanese ecosystems in relation to human impacts and provides a detailed cartography on the distribution and abundance of shallow communities, and in particular Cystoseira and Sargassum forests. The survey of some Lebanese vermetid reefs allowed the evaluation of their current status according to different human pressures and highlighted that they are highly affected by human pressures and only few of them are still alive. In a view of the upcoming oil and gas discovery offshore Lebanon, Lebanese marine ecosystems are under multiple and massive threats; the data provided in the research performed provide a baseline of the distribution and conservation status of key habitats along Lebanese coasts, in order to follow their evolution and to have a management tool in case of catastrophic oil spills
Lécrivain, Nathalie. "Étude de la contamination et de l'écotoxicité associée des sédiments de surface en zone littorale lacustre." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSET001/document.
Full textThe littoral zone of lakes is of great ecological importance and yet receives a large array of contaminants from the watershed. This pollution is mainly trapped by the surface sediment, but its bioavailability may be allowed by physico-chemical and biological reactions in this zone of high environmental fluctuations. This work aims at improving knowledge about the behavior of sediment-borne contaminants (trace metals, PAHs and PCBs) in the lake littoral zone by using two large perialpine lakes; Lake Bourget and Lake Annecy. More precisely, our goals were to (1) characterize the littoral contamination and the influence of local sources in this contamination, (2) assess the ecotoxicity of the sediment-borne contamination and the main changes in its mobility and bioavailability under abiotic changes in the littoral zone, such as those related to water-level fluctuations in lakes. The contamination of the sediments and native organisms exhibited a significant spatial heterogeneity along the lake littoral, in both intensity and profile’s composition. The involvement of local sources of contamination (e.g. stormwater runoff) as drivers of this spatial heterogeneity has been highlighted. The ecotoxicity of littoral sediments was assessed through the responses of enzymatic biomarkers (AChE and GST), physiological traits (e.g. ingestion rates in D. magna) and life-history traits (e.g. growth, reproduction and survival rates). Our results also underscored a significant spatial heterogeneity of the littoral sediment ecotoxicity. A greater focus on the bioavailability of trace metals at the sediment-water-biota interfaces showed that bioavailability depends on the metal, the exposed biota (benthic vs pelagic) and fluctuate under water-level fluctuations. Drought and re-immersion of surface sediments were followed with a reduction of the bioavailable fractions of the trace metals. However, decreases in the water-level led to increase suspended sediments in the water column, which may exert an ecotoxicological risk for the littoral biota. Our results underline how complex the littoral contamination and bioavailability are and promote ecotoxicological approaches in the assessment of the ecological status of large lakes
Strakosh, Timothy Richard. "Effects of water willow establishment on littoral assemblages in Kansas reservoirs: focus on age-0 largemouth bass." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/143.
Full textHellsten, S. (Seppo). "Environmental factors and aquatic macrophytes in the littoral zone of regulated lakes:causes, consequences and possibilities to alleviate harmful effects." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2000. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514256719.
Full textRiebel, Philippe N. "Acute effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on the arctic littoral mysid, mysis oculata (Fabricius)." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61781.
Full textMitraki, Chrysoula. "Ontogeny and Littoral Structure of Lakes Created on Phosphate Mined Lands of Central Florida." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4167.
Full textHager, Christian Harding. "Ichthyofaunal and dietary analysis of sympatric piscivores in a Chesapeake Bay littoral zone: Including bioenergetic models of growth and diel temperature sanctuary use." W&M ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616682.
Full textRoy, Romain. "Distribution spatiale et activité des poissons en milieu lacustre - Impacts des facteurs environnementaux à partir d'une approche multi-échelle. Application à la retenue des Bariousses." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4326/document.
Full textAquatic ecosystem functioning in human-impacted environments is highly dependent of its uses; in consequence, the environment of biological communities is generally fluctuating. Studying the link between environment and organism in fluctuating environments is generally more complex compared to steady environments. The main objective of this work was to better understand how fish populations respond to environmental modifications in a reservoir affected with water level fluctuations (WLF), the Bariousses’s reservoir located on the Vézère River.A multiscale approach was used with different biological (community and individual) and temporal (annual and daily cycles) scales. A special attention was given to the littoral zone as it plays a key role for lake fish communities and since it is strongly affected by WLF. This work is divided in 4 parts. The first part presents the characteristics of the study site and the second part describes the impact of WLF on the studied habitats using a mapping of the littoral zone. The consequences of hydrological stress through the changes in habitat conditions were also analyzed as well as the effects of water temperature and photoperiod. The third part shows the effect of the temporal variability of environmental conditions induced by WLF on the composition of the littoral fish community (sampled by electrofishing). The fourth part presents an innovative positioning system acoustic telemetry (Vemco Positioning System) that was used to study the impact of WLF at the individual scale by analyzing the behavior of 90 individuals from three different fish species (pikeperch, pike and perch) with a satisfactory accuracy (average error of 3.3 m after filtration).The results of this work showed that WLF induced a temporal variability of the littoral zone surface and volume. In addition, a gradual decrease of the structural complexity of littoral habitats was associated with lower water level inducing a trend to homogenization (dominance of thinner substrates without vegetation). Despite these changes in habitats conditions induced by WLF, littoral fish community did not show any clear change in composition. High inter-individual variability of behavioral responses was observed in response to environmental fluctuations, but the temperature and photoperiod were the two major structural parameters controlling fish activity and spatial distribution. Water level affected a part of the fish population since more individuals attended the littoral zone and were less mobile when available habitats were more complex (with a high water level). These results allowed us to suggest some ideas for the management of water levels in the studied reservoir focused on the fish population
Sheldon, Fran. "Littoral ecology of a regulated dryland river (River Murray, South Australia), with reference to the gastropoda /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs5441.pdf.
Full textRiley, Jacob W. "Predation Pressure on Emergent Lake Trout Fry in Lake Champlain and Techniques for Assessing Lake Trout Reproduction in Deep-Water Habitats." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2008. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/195.
Full textBrauns, Mario. "Human impacts on the structure and ecological function of littoral macroinvertebrate communities in lakes." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Landwirtschaftlich-Gärtnerische Fakultät, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15947.
Full textLittoral macroinvertebrates are an important biotic component of lakes by contributing substantially to the biodiversity and functioning of lake ecosystems. Humans alter the littoral and riparian areas for various purposes, but the resulting ecological impacts on littoral macroinvertebrates have not been quantified. In this thesis, I investigated the significance of key environmental factors for littoral macroinvertebrate communities and how human alterations of these environmental factors impact the structure and function of macroinvertebrate communities. Macroinvertebrate community composition was significantly related to littoral structure, trophic state and the hydrodynamic regime. The significantly higher compositional dissimilarities among habitats than among trophic state suggested that littoral structure was the more important driver of community composition. Structural degradation caused a significant reduction of habitat heterogeneity and resulted in a significant reduction of species diversity and a significant altered community composition. This caused a significant reduction of macroinvertebrate food web complexity and substantial alterations of the trophic base of the food webs. Climate-change induced water level fluctuations resulted in the loss of root habitats and the specific community associated with this habitat. Ship-induced waves had substantial direct effects, since macroinvertebrates were detached from their habitats by waves even at moderate shear stress levels. However, the impacts of water level fluctuations and ship-induced waves were mitigated by the presence of habitats with high structural complexities. This thesis provided a mechanistic understanding of how human activities alter relationships between environmental factors and biotic communities. This knowledge can be used to develop scientifically sound approaches to assess the persistent human impacts on lake ecosystems.
Belyaeva, Maria [Verfasser]. "Effects of multiple abiotic stressors on the species and genetic biodiversity of littoral Cladocera in two types of acidic habitats in Germany: hard-water mining lakes and soft-water bog lakes / Maria Belyaeva." Aachen : Shaker, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1049382838/34.
Full textSarrazin, Luc. "Etude de la biodegradation de molécules organiques tensio-actives (alkylbenzenesulfonates linéaires) en milieu aquatique littoral." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX11001.
Full textHebert, Vanessa. "Analyses multi-échelles de la structure d'un réservoir carbonaté littoral : exemple de la plateforme de Llucmajor (Majorque, Espagne)." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20234/document.
Full textThe study of heterogeneous and karstified carbonates is important in many environmental issues, like the detailed description of a coastal reservoir structure containing an aquifer affected by saline intrusion. At the south of the island of Mallorca (Spain), the Llucmajor carbonate platform represents a typical site for such researches. Characterization of heterogeneities requires a better knowledge of the carbonate reservoir properties and the various factors affecting the structure. One of the key parameters defining the heterogeneous structure is the porosity. According to the wide range of heterogeneity sizes from micrometer to hundreds of meters, the use of multiscale methods is required.This thesis focused on the determination of multiscale porosities from the microporosity to karstic porosity, and of relationships between observation scale changes of these properties. Firstly, the application of X-ray microtomography allows to extract the microporosity and the microporous network connectivity. Then, X-ray tomography was used with a lower resolution to study the micro- and macro-porous network at the core scale. At the borehole scale, the borehole wall images are used to determinate macrostructures from centimeter pores to karsts. Finally, surface geophysics allows to observe the extension of karst and heterogeneities at the site scale.Finally, the porous structure of the study site is integrated into the regional geology of the platform. A hydrogeophysical observatory was installed on site to monitor the spreading of salt water in the aquifer. The interpretation of its salinity measurements can take into account the geological and petrophysical context
Crouch, Ryan T. "Adding value to upground drinking water reservoirs: what makes a good yellow perch (Perca flavescens) fishery?" Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1291841439.
Full textBelyaeva, Maria [Verfasser], and Brigitte [Akademischer Betreuer] Nixdorf. "Effects of multiple abiotic stressors on the species and genetic biodiversity of littoral Cladocera in two types of acidic habitats in Germany : hard-water mining lakes and soft-water bog lakes / Maria Belyaeva. Betreuer: Brigitte Nixdorf." Cottbus : Universitätsbibliothek der BTU Cottbus, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1045604127/34.
Full textKüvecses, Jennifer. "Impacts of heavy metals on lake food webs : changes to the littoral benthic invertebrate communities and the consequences for yellow perch (Perca flavescens)." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29449.
Full textRooney, Neil. "Scale of analysis and the influence of submerged macrophytes on lake processes." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37665.
Full textMatoušek, David. "Projekt malé vodní nádrže v k. ú. Níhov." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409732.
Full textPojsl, Václav. "Návrh malé vodní nádrže na drobném vodním toku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265456.
Full textJouanneau, Nicolas. "Caractérisation de la dispersion de traceurs passifs dans un écoulement côtier soumis à un régime macrotidal : Étude d'impact de la dynamique sur la qualité de l'eau le long du littoral du Nord-Pas de Calais et de la Picardie." Phd thesis, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00981658.
Full textCrouch, James A. M. "Towed array performance in the littoral waters of Northern Australia." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/9082.
Full textThe goal of this research was to investigate the performance of low frequency passive sonars in the Arafura Sea. Sound speed profiles representative of the wet and dry monsoon seasons and geoacoustic data were inputted into a finite element primitive equation transmission loss model to model the expected propagation at three frequencies, 10, 50 and 300 Hz. Initial detection ranges for several source/receiver depth combinations and geoacoustic areas (deep/ shallow water) were compared and evaluated. Results demonstrate that low frequency ( -10 Hz) detection ranges suffer due to cutoff frequency problems and to surface-decoupling loss. Propagation in deep water has the added disadvantage of excessive loss of signal power due to spherical spreading considerations. Conversely, higher frequencies (300 Hz) provided extended detection ranges in shallow water due to trapping of energy within the entire 50 m to 100 m water column. Additionally, investigation into advantages to be gained through advanced signal processing techniques shows that improvements of the order of 10 to 15 dB of detection gain are possible through the utilization of inverse beamforming.
Marti, Clelia Luisa. "Exchange processes between littoral and pelagic waters in a stratified lake." University of Western Australia. Centre for Water Research, 2004. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0005.
Full textGaillard, Pierre. "Calcul numérique des ondes de gravité dans les zones littorales et les aménagements portuaires : [thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux]." Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10079.
Full textTallis, Joshua. "Muddy waters : framing littoral maritime security through the lens of the Broken Windows theory." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/9028.
Full textSantiago-Fandino, Vincente J. R. "Studies on the assessment of water quality using the hydroids Hydra littoralis Campanularia flexuosa." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328438.
Full textAstoreca, Rosa. "Study and application of the Inherent Optical Properties of coastal waters from the Phaeocystis-dominated Sounthern Bight of the North Sea." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210646.
Full textThe area is characterised by a high spatio-temporal variability of IOPs due to the high dynamics of the area in terms of currents, salinity gradients and biological production. During spring the presence of P. globosa modulates the IOPs across all the area, the particle absorption is significantly higher than summer and there is no significant coast-offshore variability for phytoplankton and CDOM.
The design of chl a retrieval algorithms assumes negligible absorption of NAP and CDOM in the near infrared (NIR) and the use of a fixed value of specific phytoplankton absorption. It is shown that neglecting the NAP and CDOM absorption in the NIR will have a significant overestimation impact in retrieval of chl a. On the other hand, the specific phytoplankton absorption was found to be highly variable (0.015 „b 0.011 m2 mg chl a-1). Both results will affect directly the retrieved chl a. The spatial variability of CDOM was significant varying between 0.20-1.31 m-1 in the marine area and between 1.81-4.29 m-1 in the Scheldt estuary. CDOM was found to be related to salinity with conservative mixing within the Scheldt estuary and during some seasons in the BCZ, however deviations from conservative mixing suggest other inputs to the CDOM pool. Analyses of the spectral slope of the CDOM absorption curve revealed two main CDOM pools in the area, an allochthonous one delivered by the Scheldt estuary and an autochthonous one associated with the phytoplankton spring bloom decomposition. Algorithms for CDOM retrieval will be affected if the variability in the relation between CDOM and salinity is not taken into account.
The optical characterisation of diatoms and P. globosa from the BCZ in pure cultures revealed that the main differences in the phytoplankton absorption spectra were found at 467 and 500 nm corresponding to the absorption of the pigments chlorophyll c3 (chl c3) characteristic of P. globosa and fucoxanthin, respectively. Accordingly, both the absorption at 467 nm and the ratio 500/467 nm were successfully used to discriminate the two taxa in cultures and field samples. This latter indicator was not preserved in the reflectance signal due to degradation of the signal when passing from absorption to reflectance, and thus could not be used for algorithm development. The spectral feature at 467 nm was later used as the basis for the development of a flag-type algorithm to detect chl c3 using either absorption or water-leaving reflectance data. Also, the correlation between the algorithm¡¦s retrieved chl c3 and P. globosa cell number allowed the quantification of the bloom. The main findings of this thesis highlight the importance of the IOPs characterisation for the improvement and development of ocean colour retrieval algorithms in these highly complex waters.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Said, Ahmed Hami. "Etude de l’alimentation hydrique du palmier dattier (Phoenix dactylifera L.) dans le contexte pédoclimatique de la zone littorale de la République de Djibouti." Thesis, Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE2034/document.
Full textDate palm is one of the few food crops adapted to the extreme weather conditions (drought, salinity), such as encountered in Djibouti. In the context of highly limited water resources, knowledge of the date palm water requirements is essential. The objective of this research was to determine the date palm water requirements, in the Djibouti pedoclimatic context, using in situ monitoring of water transport in the soil-plantatmosphere system, at the scale of a single date palm tree, and to quantify the date palm root water uptake. A fully developed date palm tree was instrumented at the irrigation basin scale, using several access tubes for neutron probe for monitoring the soil volumetric water content, and several tensiometers, installed from 10 to 160 cm depth. Three infiltration/redistribution experiments have been performed successively, the first without alteration of the soil-plant system, the second after cutting off a date palm tree while allowing the surface evaporation, the last with covering the soil surface to avoid evaporation. The results show large heterogeneity in soil hydraulic properties, with stratification linked to the coastline sedimentary context. The root water uptake is observed up to 80 cm depth. The date palm water requirements in the fresh period are estimated at 130 liters per day with a frequency of irrigation of one time every two weeks. For the first time, the date palm cultural coefficient has been established in the Djibouti climatic conditions (kc = 1.39). The obtained results will contribute to better management of irrigation and to improve the control of soil salinization in the pedoclimatic context of the Republic of Djibouti
Sahtout, Nadia. "L'eau et la ville en climat semi-aride : vers la gestion intégrée de la ressource. Exemple du Grand Sousse en Tunisie littorale." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040062.
Full textGrand Sousse, oriental part of Sousse governorate, shelters one of the most important regional metropolises of the country, with a concentration on the littoral fringe of the human and economic activities. The demographic explosion and the generalization of the sideboard in drinking water make an important home of water consumption. Now this region is also very marked by the aridity, the main cause of low local resources. Dependent on nearby regions for its water supply, Grand Sousse leads for a long time a running to the harnessing to satisfy growing needs. The traditional political strategy of mobilization and transfers of the resources ending, the future management recommends the extensive appeal to the not conventional resources, some treated waste water and desalinated waters. It is about one of the main control levers of intervention there which Grand Sousse can promote for an "integrated management" of the hydraulic system, besides a management of the demand centred on the savings of water. The thesis mobilized direct inquiries on a representative sample of households, industrial units and hotels; they allowed to draw up balance sheet actions led in the sense of this new orientation, and to understand better the constraints and the met obstacles. The cartographic was a tool indispensable to the representation of this inadequacy between supply and demand in water, the network of supply and distribution, and constituents of the future management of the water. The forward-looking approach allows pulling the air-raid siren at the threat that makes weigh the trend-setting evolution of the demand on the socio-spatial balances, and proposes alternative solutions of this evolution
FERNANDES-VANDERLEI, LAZARO. "Etude geochimique des sediments marins actuels d'une cote a plateau continental etroit : exemple des alpes maritimes." Nice, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NICE4120.
Full textShajari, Sadegh. "Hydrologie et aménagement : aménagement trans-bassin en Iran ; optimisation de la gestion des ressources en eau." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1988. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00743948.
Full textMarche, Fabien. "Theoretical and numerical study of shallow water models : applications to nearshore hydrodynamics." Bordeaux 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR13108.
Full textBitar, Ghazi. "Etude de peuplements benthiques littoraux des côtes atlantiques et méditérranéennes du Maroc : impact de la pollution, comparaisons biogéographiques." Aix-Marseille 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX22005.
Full textHam, Cécile. "Les émissions dans l'air et dans l'eau des centrales thermiques littorales et la protection de l'environnement - Approche de droit comparé France-Chine." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASH003.
Full textApplicable law to thermal power plants involves many environmental issues. If air pollution and climate change are the most well-known issues, water pollution is also one of them. Environmental protection, whether in French or Chinese law, is achieved in different ways depending on the stage of the plant’s life but also on the environment that seeks to be protected. If they are many similarities between French law and Chinese law, many differences also exist.In the case of the future construction of these plants in general, or of a specific plant project, the way of protecting the environment has undergone significant changes in recent years. If the level of protection is still largely local nowadays, it tends to become more and more global by taking increasing amount of elements when the power plant project is carried out. In the case of daily air and water emissions from thermal power plants in operation, some environmental protection is ensured by limiting them. The limitation mainly involves the setting of emission limits which try to be gradually lowered. These form the fundamental foundation of this daily protection and are complemented by other legal tools. Finally, this protection of the environment requires vigilance through the emissions monitoring system but also through anticipation linked to the possible malfunction of the power plant and the post-operation period of it
Erostate, Mélanie. "Dynamique spatio-temporelle des flux naturels et anthropiques vers les hydrosystèmes littoraux tributaires des eaux souterraines : Investigations isotopiques et géochimiques pour la compréhension des interactions aquifères-lagune sur le site de Biguglia (Haute-Corse)." Thesis, Corte, 2020. http://hal-univ-corse.archives-ouvertes.fr/view_by_stamp.php?&action_todo=view&id.
Full textThe exacerbated anthropization of coastal hydrosystems poses a significant threat to groundwater and ecosystems that depend on it, then called "groundwater-dependent ecosystems". Like the Biguglia hydrosystem (Corsica, France), rapid and disorganized urbanization, as well as industrial and agricultural activities developed on the Marana plain are major sources of groundwater degradation. This strategic resource, used for the drinking water supply of the Bastia urban area, presents the markers of multiple and diffuse contaminations. In addition to being problematic for human water needs, the groundwater qualitative degradation of the Marana aquifer also constitutes a threat to the fragile ecosystem of the Biguglia lagoon and the sustainability of the ecosystem services it provides. In this context of increasing pressures, a strong knowledge of the Biguglia hydrosystem behavior is essential to ensure sustainable management of water resources. To this end, a multi-tracer geochemical and isotopic approach has been developed in order to better constrain the state of the groundwater resource, the hydrodynamic conditions and the nature of aquifer-river-lagoon interactions. The study of the stable isotopes of the water molecule (18O, 2H) has highlighted the recharge complexity. The Marana aquifer benefits from an indigenous recharge through direct infiltration of precipitation on the plain and an allochthonous recharge through precipitation from the schistous reliefs. The infiltration of river water from the Bevincu and Golu rivers and the lateral contribution of water from the schistous reliefs also contribute to the aquifer recharge. The developed mixing model (18O, Cl- and HCO3-) allowed a semi-quantitative estimation of the mixing processes. It demonstrates the complex aquifer behavior, with a significant difference in the contribution of schistous groundwater depending on the location and depth of the resource. It is also clear that the Biguglia lagoon is partially dependent on groundwater. The Marana plain is subject to qualitative degradation due to the excessive presence of nitrates (NO3-) and organic micropollutants. According to the NO3- (15N-NO3-, 18O-NO3-) and Boron (11B) isotopes, the main sources of nitrogen are soil and wastewater. The correlation between NO3- concentrations and water residence time (3H and CFCs) highlighted the storage and the groundwater archiving capacity. With regard to the evolution of land use, the progressive modification of the nitrogen sources recorded in the aquifer made it possible to trace the socio-environmental trajectory of the Biguglia hydrosystem. The contemporary degraded state of the resource mainly results from the pollution legacy linked to historical human activities. The conceptual model developed provides new elements that can help towards the implementation of relevant management strategies, to ensure the sustainability of water resources and associated ecosystem services
Roe, Brett, and b. roe@cqu edu au. "Ecologically Engineered Primary Production in Central Queensland, Australia - Integrated Fish and Crayfish Culture, Constructed Wetlands, Floral Hydroponics, and Industrial Wastewater." Central Queensland University. Sciences, 2005. http://library-resources.cqu.edu.au./thesis/adt-QCQU/public/adt-QCQU20080717.092551.
Full textGoyens, Clémence. "Validation et amélioration des méthodes de correction atmosphérique pour les images de la couleur de l'océan dans les eaux côtières optiquement complexes." Thesis, Littoral, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DUNK0401/document.
Full textTo acquire marine parameters from remote sensing ocean color data, the sensor-measured signal needs to be corrected for the atmospheric contribution. Indeed, the solar radiation reflected by air molecules and atmospheric aerosols is significant in the sensor bands of interest for ocean color applications. The removal of the atmospheric contribution is called the atmospheric correction (AC). In open ocean waters, the AC relies on the assumption that the water is totally absorbent in the near infrared (NIR) part of the spectral region, allowing to retrieve the atmospheric contribution and to extrapolate it to the visible spectral range, and thus to determine the marine signal that contains the information on the optical properties of seawaters. However, this assumption is not valid in highly productive and turbid coastal waters. Hence, AC approaches for coastal waters need to rely on alternative assumptions. This Ph. D. thesis has as main objective to validate and improve these AC methods developed for contrasted coastal waters, with a focus on MODIS Aqua images. First, a validation and comparison of existing AC methods, relying on diverse assumptions and methods, is performed. Therefore, four commonly used AC methods are selected, (1) the standard NIR AC approach of NASA, (2) the NIR similarity spectrum AC approach including assumptions of spatial homogeneity in the water and aerosol reflectance, (3) the switching algorithm using the short wave infrared bands for AC in highly turbid waters, (4) an Artificial Neural Network algorithm. With the help of a validation exercise based on in situ data and as a function of the water type, several areas of improvement are delineated, including the use of spectral relationships to constrain NIR-modelling schemes. Modified NIR-modelling schemes are suggested for the standard NASA and NIR similarity spectrum AC methods. Both are forced with globally valid spectral relationships. Sensitivity studies and validation exercises, using MODIS-Aqua images in the Eastern English Channel/North Sea and French Guiana waters, are conducted showing that the suggested modified NIR-modelling schemes improve the estimations of the marine signal in contrasted coastal waters
Eloire, Damien. "Spatial and temporal patterns of plankton in European coastal waters : analysis and comparison of zooplankton time series." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20059.
Full textClimate change is unequivocal and dramatic changes are under way in the world's oceans. Long-term observations of indicators such as plankton can provide a better understanding of these changes. Considerable efforts have been made to monitor plankton in European coastal waters and have produced a large amount of datasets yet to be fully exploited. Analytic tools were first developed to solve taxonomic discrepancies in datasets and for temporal analyses. Time series analysis of plankton at L4 from 1988 to 2007 reveals profound changes in the composition of the spring and autumn phytoplankton blooms, and long-term variations in abundance of the dominant zooplankton taxa. Phytoplankton is driving the seasonal succession of meroplanktonic larvae. Changes in sea surface temperature and wind conditions control temporal patterns of plankton communities. Spatio-temporal patterns of zooplankton are compared at 4 sites: Ston (northern North Sea), L4 (wes tern English Channel), MC (Tyrrhenian Sea), and C1 (Adriatic Sea) from 1998 to 2007. The communities structure is on average stable and seasonal variations are the main source of long-term variability. Chlorophyll a and wind are responsible for the community patterns observed at Ston and L4 whereas temperature is the main driver at MC and C1. This study supports evidences of the extreme flexibility of zooplankton communities in adjusting to a variable environment. We highlighted the importance of factors such as taxonomy and temporal scale on time series analysis, and the necessity of maintaining long-term series to monitor future changes in the context of climate change
Caulet, Charles. "Les plages sableuses en environnement macro-tidal : de l'influence de la pente sur les processus morphodynamiques." Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0079/document.
Full textThis PhD work is focused on the morphodynamic of a pocket beach, located in a macrotidal environment. The beach type is intermediate, with a low tide terrace. The study is based on in situ observations, collected during field campaigns organized during the PhD. The objective is to characterize the beach slope impact on hydrodynamics processes and beach morphology. The water levels dynamic, infragravity waves propagation and turbulence generation in the swash zone, are examined and linked to the beach slope variability.The empirical formulations proposed in the literature show large under-estimations of water levels in the site. Empirical formulations adapted to the beach are proposed.The characteristic break slope presents along the cross-shore profile of low tide terrace beaches is studied. The variability of the break slope location is relevant to explain the short term accommodation of the beach. Under incident wave energy, the location of the beach slope moves shoreward, allowing higher wave dissipation by the low tide terrace. Nevertheless, the reflective part is reduced, which leads to a vulnerable state of the upper beach under strong forcing associated with high tide. The location of the beach slope is found to be a good indicator of the beach vulnerability under a given wave forcing. It provides valuable information in the globalized beach erosion context
Tortajada, Sébastien. "De l'étude du fonctionnement des réseaux trophiques planctoniques des marais de Charente Maritime vers la recherche d'indicateurs." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00808599.
Full textRadimy, Raymond Tojo. "Cinétique d'évolution structurale des sols argileux : relation stress hydrique-stress salin ; Application à la biodiversité et rendement de culture." Thesis, Poitiers, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015POIT2310/document.
Full textThe coastal marshlands are territories generally reclaimed on primary fluvio-marine sediments. They result from hydraulic managements and/or polderization which may date from the Middle Ages. Historically these hydraulic managements were built for goals of wholesomeness, breeding and farming. They isolate two territories: the dried marshes and the wet marshes. For the intensive cereal crops the slow drying caused by land reclamation was recently improved by the drainage, in part for increase the depth of desalinization and decrease waterlogging. Nevertheless, these territories remain characterized by shallow ground water of initial salt water. Consequently, the hydric profiles are governed by the meteoric conditions including the Evapotranspiration, the rainfall, but also the capillarity rises from the salt groundwater. Moreover, the clay dominated nature of the soils and their drastic shrinkage properties govern the hydrodynamic functioning and the soil structure behavior.The first part of the work was the monitoring of the water content and salinity profiles in drained cereal crops and in undrained grasslands. These measurements have been completed by the ground water level and tensiometric monitoring. The final goal was the calculation and modeling of the available water capacity (AWC) and plant available water (PAW) profiles. In these systems mainly supplied by the capillarity rises, the root network gets water in the subsurface vadose zone and then in the deeper saturated groundwater zone. The water content characteristic of the interface between the vadose and saturated zone was determined by comparison between the clay material state paths along its shrinkage curve and along its compaction curve. The PAW profiles were calculated from the water content profiles and then compared to the AWC profiles. The PAW profiles have been equated as polynomial second degree equations. In these shallow groundwater environments the PAW profiles have been modeled taking into account an easy measurable surface parameter which includes the soil structure behavior and the meteoric conditions: i.e. the water content measured at 10 cm depth. The PAW modelling remains sufficiently realistic to be used as a tool for farming management. Two preliminary studies were added to this work: - the measurement of effective thermal conductivity of the clayey soils by the transient hot wire method, and the modeling of the effective thermal conductivity of biphasic air-clay and water-clay media, but also triphasic unsaturated air-water-clay media. The prospect is the modeling of thermal and hydric transfer from the surface to the depth. - and the elaboration of a protocol of impregnation - hardening for wet clay dominated soils by HEMA resins. This impregnation allows the making of thin sections in these clay materials with conservation of their initial wet structures. The prospective is the quantitative petrography at the root - clay matrix interface along vertical profiles in clayey soils at different degrees of saturation and different structures
Yuan, Mei-Chun, and 苑梅俊. "Uncertainty Analysis of Underwater Acoustic Propagation and Detection Performance in Littoral Water." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82838458919262740280.
Full text國立臺灣大學
工程科學及海洋工程學研究所
95
The ocean environment is very complicated due to the effect of internal wave activity and the bathymetry changing in littoral water. This research base on the ocean mooring data in South China Sea during ASIAEX period and utilize the decomposing EOF to analysis the variation of sea water temperature which effects mainly by the internal tide and nonlinear internal wave. The EOF method can efficiently detect the activity of internal tide or nonlinear internal wave in water column. Base on the acoustic transmission track of ASIAEX and using the measuring ocean data as the input data for acoustic model can describe the acoustic field in the shelf break area. The bathymetry is the major factor of the acoustic energy changing in underwater. The variation of ocean environment in littoral waters always high than in deep water no matter in temporal and spatial scale. The individual parameters of ocean environment, such as seawater temperature, sediment and water depth, have different variation in scale. The variation range of these parameters can present by uncertainty. To develop an ocean environment model analysis the acoustic field of effecting by ocean parameter. The parameters of most effecting acoustic field are sound speed of sediment, sound speed of basement, density of sediment and attenuation coefficient in order. The wave equation is the basis to describe the property of underwater sound with proper initial condition and boundary condition for acoustic model to analysis the acoustic energy. The operation of acoustic model relies on precise ocean data as input in order to get correct acoustic field. This research construct a computing module that couple ocean environment and acoustic model to evaluate the sonar performance. At the end of this research, to analyze the characteristic of underwater sound around Taiwan water base on the ocean database building by academic in order to explore the operation of sonar performance. This result gives a clear picture of sonar detection that can prompt the sonar operating ability.
Schermacher, Amy Lynn. "Impact of trifluralin on fresh-water plant life a littoral enclosure study /." 1996. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/36248944.html.
Full textTypescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 126-136).
KROLOVÁ, Monika. "Factors affecting the occurrence of littoral vegetation in a reservoir with storage function." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-155310.
Full textStoll, Stefan [Verfasser]. "Effects of water level fluctuations on the early life stages of fish in the littoral zone of lakes / vorgelegt von Stefan Stoll." 2009. http://d-nb.info/1001096509/34.
Full textSheldon, Fran. "Littoral ecology of a regulated dryland river (River Murray, South Australia), with reference to the gastropoda / Fran Sheldon." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21509.
Full textBibliography: p. 377-400.
xiv, 400, [20] p., [5] leaves of plates : ill. (some col.), maps ; 30 cm.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Zoology, 1995
ZIKMUND, Hynek. "Společenstvo fytofilního bentosu v rybnících." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-188590.
Full textNOVÁK, Ondřej. "VLIV LAND USE NA VYTĚŽENÉ PÍSKOVNY V OBLASTI VESELÍ NAD LUŽNICÍ." Master's thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-51372.
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