Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Littératie seconde'
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Pichette, François. "La littératie en langue maternelle et la lecture en langue seconde." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0022/NQ38825.pdf.
Full textBastien, Marie-Pier. "Exploration des pratiques de littératie familiales chez des élèves hispanophones scolarisés en première année en Outaouais." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35827.
Full textTerrasi, Robert. "La formation à la littératie scolaire en L2 : une analyse sociolinguistique et didactique des dispositifs d’accueil linguistique pour collégiens allophones nouvellement arrivés en France et aux États-Unis." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA079.
Full textStudies, and notably PISA 2009, have highlighted that foreign students enrolled in French schools significantly lag behind their French counterparts in terms of reading proficiency. This study postulates that grade-level reading proficiency is a pre-requisite to achieving in school and to having fair access to the curriculum. This is even more the case for adolescent second language learners enrolled at the secondary level, the student population on which this study is focused.Based on a qualitative paradigm, this work analyzes six language programs designed for second-language learner newcomers enrolled at the middle school level in France and in the United States. The study reveals and compares the practices used in these six programs for the teaching of academic literacy in L2. Literacy most generally comprises skills in both reading and writing. The focus of this study, however, is on academic reading. The programs have been analyzed from both a sociolinguistic and language-teaching perspective. First, the study examines the legislation in place in France and the United States, regarding the schooling of second language learners in these two countries. This section determines if these texts stipulate the reading skills that need to be developed and achieved by these students during their stay in, and before exiting, the language programs. It then examines the notions of literacy and academic literacy, and endeavors to determine the reading skills necessary for potential success in a mainstream middle school classroom. Lastly, the study examines the best practices, cited in the literature, for the teaching of academic reading to adolescent second language learners. It then investigates if, and how, these practices are incorporated into the six different language programs. Upon conclusion, results of the study revealed that these practices are relatively well incorporated in the American programs but, overall, are not widely used in the programs observed in France. The results also reveal that the teachers of French as a second language working in these programs significantly lack, compared to their American counterparts, research-based teaching materials and models, as well as means of assessment
Le, Ferrec Laurence. "Le français langue seconde comme langue de scolarisation. Théorisation, description et analyse d’interactions didactiques en classe d'accueil." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030152.
Full textThis research examines French as a schooling language for pupils with a different mother tongue, by focusing on the way it is taught in the French educational system by students who attend French "collèges" (the first four years of secondary education) in what are known as "classes d’accueil", i. e. special classes where these students are taught French as a foreign (or second) language. The concept of a schooling language, originally used about school teaching in countries where French was not the mother tongue, is central to this study and is analyzed in both didactical and linguistic terms in order to identify and define its components. Starting with a reevaluation of the way language is used in school, this research tries to map out the field in which the schooling language is applied and suggests focusing on the teaching discourses which are then described. They are akin to specialized discourses on the various school subjects but require a specific didactic treatment, in order to facilitate the integration of classes d’accueil pupils into regular classes for French-speaking pupils. The empirical study analyses a corpus of didactical interactions recorded in "classes d’accueil" and later transcribed. It uses the tools and methodologies usually pertaining to the linguistics of verbal interaction and strives to show how knowledge is transmitted through both formal enunciation of knowledge and its co-construction, in relation with the written material used to help the teacher’s discourse. This research has a twofold aim: to contribute to the study of knowledge transmission discourses and to the methodology of French as a second language within the French system of education
Charles-Dominique, Géraldine. "Lire et utiliser des textes en L2 et langue seconde : l'impact du guidage de la lecture sur la compréhension." Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT5004.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to understand the processes involved in the comprehension of texts in a second language, and to propose an intervention that enhances readers' comprehension strategies. This work draws on theories of Psychology and Language Science (language didactics in particular), but it also includes some interest for language learning in virtual environments, that can be relevant to promote text comprehension. Three experiments were conducted to analyse the impact of a pedagogical tool created to support reading comprehension at a methodological level. More exactly, the tool aimed to guide the reader when facing several texts that treat the same topic. Its effectiveness was tested in English and French as a second language. As anticipated, the use of the tool led to to positive outcomes on the comprehension of the texts as evidenced in essay writing and question answering tasks. To conclude that research, a pedagogical model about second language reading is proposed. The model highlights the relevance of some didactical principles like global approach, reading by stages, but also supporting attention to texts' sources and main ideas. Moreover, a computerized version of the tool, which would place readers in an individualized learning context, is described. Its implementation is considered as a follow up of the present research
Perret, Laetitia. "Montesquieu au miroir de l'enseignement : rhétorique, histoire littéraire, littérature (1803-2000)." Lyon, École normale supérieure lettres et sciences humaines, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENSF0055.
Full textMontesquieu offers a particularly rich ground for studies for whoever is interested in the reception of an author in teaching, in his presence in the syllabus and the handbooks of the end of the 18th century, in the way he belongs in the 18th century and in his work, which is difficult to categorize in pre-established categories. An author does not exist by himself in these handbooks. He goes through various filters, which often disfigure him. The first of those filters is the conception of the teaching of litterature. From 1800 to 1880, Montesquieu is above all a model of writing. From 1880 to 1980, he is studied according to his more or less great adequacy with the movement of The Enlightenment, and from 1980 on, the study of the speech is added to this aspect. But an author is also read through another filter which is the conception the handbooks have of the 18th century, analyzed comparatively with the 17th century. This conception makes the 18th century a one of a kind charachter endowed with strong characteristics so that authors are analyzed according to their representativeness. Montesquieu is read both like the continuator of traditional aesthetics and like the foreteller of the writing of The Enlightenment, through his biography more than through his writings. As a consequence, the work as such is not the starting point of handbooks analysis, but the resultant of these various filters. Montesquieu's works are thus analysed starting from the more general speech on the novel kind, the historical kind, and the literature of the 18th century, which would stick to less literary, more social, political and scientific issues
Langlet, Irène. "Les théories de l'essai littéraire dans la seconde moitié du XXème siècle : domaines francophone, germanophone et anglophone : synthèses et enjeux." Rennes 2, 1995. https://acces.bibliotheque-diderot.fr/login?url=https://doi.org/10.15122/isbn.978-2-406-05668-3.
Full textA synthesis of the theoretical and critical studies of the literary essay brings to light three types of stakes. As regards the theory of literary genres, the essay demands particular strategies for being legitimated as a literary genre ; it implies a overhaul of the general theory of literature and of the concept of literariness. At philosophical level, it gives rise to a critical deepening of the principles of occidental epistemology, of the notion of conscious subject, and of the concept of culture. Lastly, from a socio-critical point of view, it needs the setting of new theoritical tools for being apprehended azs a literary event, being the concern of both writer and publisher in the global context of production and legitimation institutioins of nonfictionnal texts. The concepts of conditional literariness and of attentional object of the aesthetic experience give a theoretical frame which allows to integrate the equisitions of recent rhetoric research, of reception theory, of research on the paratext of literary works and of pragmatic analysis of dicourse. This frame offers possibility for having the previously stakes brought to light converged for a study of the literary essay
Ambrosio, Laura C. "Littérature et compétence grammaticale en français langue seconde." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27569.
Full textMarin-Porta, Brigitte. "Cosmopolitisme, promiscuités et mélanges dans la littérature de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030048.
Full textBrenas, Yolande. "Quand la conception du langage se métamorphose. . . : Ou des indispensables re-positionnements dans la "classe de littérature" en seconde d'un lecteur-scripteur face à un texte "littéraire"…" Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30072.
Full textYear eleven is a big step to take, particularly in French, a subject in which, at that point, literature plays a major part. Based upon eleven monographs covering at least the length of a unit of lessons (i. E six to eight weeks and up to two years if the first one had to be repeated), the present research work endeavours to analyse how the average pupil changes his/her ways of getting to work on a task when his/her relationship with language is tranformed. At that point, he/she becomes aware of all the potential interprétations inherent in language and of its reality which derives from one’s relationship with someone else’s words. Some essential re-positionings occur whenever a writer-reader goes from centered-awareness to extensive-awareness. In a subsequent movement, he/she goes from a stereotyped school subject in which the objects of learning are deshumanised to new ways of thinking-interpreting-listening-expressing-debatting, which belong to literature as a subject in which one must make a singulra voice emerge from a plurality of voices. The confrontation of various language forms as realisations (intermediary texts, notes from cursory reading. . . ) and as utterances (written summaries, tutored individual oral work. . . ) focuses on the part played by emotions such as fear, repulsion, anger, shame and above all surprise, when working on a literary text causes some epistemological uncertainty. It also focuses on the nature of the resisting forces hidden in the pupil’s acting process, which slow down a dynamic impulse based on the language as a “launching point”, a complex configuration mingling awareness, imagination, subjectivity and gestures…
Salgues, Marie. "Nationalisme et théâtre patriotique en Espagne pendant la seconde moitié du XIXème siècle (1859-1900)." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030144.
Full textThe patriotic plays, with appeared with the War of Independence opening the 19th century in Spain, were very popular during the Africain War (1859-1860) and continued to develop thanks to forty years of uninterrupted conflicts leading to the "Disaster" of 1898 and the lost of the last Spanish colonies. Their writers come from the Bourgeoisie and present the ideal society of which they dream and in which the good people goes to get killed without rebelling, thus allowing the Bourgeois to pay not to send their own children. Becoming sometimes a tool of propaganda, these plays use the preexisting theatrical bases and perfectly fit in the production of this period ; by using the usual theatrical resorts, they make their message particularly efficient. .
Akieudji, Colbert. "La représentation de l'Afrique dans l'écriture littéraire italienne de la seconde moitié du XXème siècle." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030158.
Full textIn Italian writers’ texts of the second half of 20th Century, many African elements are particularly brought to light. This set of physical, human, spatial and socio-cultural constituents is textualized through a vast number of techniques which show on one hand a particular rhetoric of elsewhere expression and on the other hand that a literary discourse on Africa becomes a real opportunity to re-read and re-interpret the writers’ books. Images that are reflected in these texts show an Italian imaginary on Africa mostly characterized by primitive, mysterious and fall-oriented symbols, hence the worry to modernize the image of Africa by the writers. Therefore, Italy is finally seen through African continent. If one supposes the functionality of this discourse, one can say that the authors equally use it to dwell on the colonial past of their country, to express the tragedy of postcolonial Africa and to denounce some ills that damage the contemporary society. One has to do with an autobiographical writing that favors the construction of the authors’ individual identity as well as the collective identity of Italy, without leaving out the development of literature and cinema. On one side, a diachronic study shows that this phenomenon has considerably evolved during the Italian 20th Century, and this happens at various levels, from the epi-text to the intra-textual treatment of African space, the “pure” look of the contemporary epoch opposing itself to colonial visions of the fascist period. On the other side, a synchrony including French texts urges to set an hypothesis of a European vision of the African continent, although a look peculiar to Italy remains, concerning the singularity of the African milieu. Finally, one notices that hetero-images of Italian writers coincide with auto-images of African writers and that the interest to the other is reciprocal between the two spaces
Brignon, Laura. "Traduire la littérature brute : le second tapuscrit de Vincenzo Rabito." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20106/document.
Full textVincenzo Rabito (1899-1981), an unschooled Sicilian, wrote two immense autobiographical typescriptscovering his extraordinary journey through the 20th century in Italy as a member of the most underprivileged social classes. In his writing, which mixes Sicilian with Italian, words are graphically modelled on pronunciation and separated by punctuation marks. The text strongly echoes oral traditions as the discourse becomes digressive, intertwining life and fantasy. The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the second typescript in the aim of translating it into French. Using the relation to linguistic otherness as the main thread, this research falls into three successive parts. The first one uses the life, language and work of the author in context and develop the idea of ‘Outside Literature’; it analyses the publication process and conditions of reception in Italy and in France as well, as the latter is characterised by its highly normative relation to language. The second part which is dedicated to Rabito’s text, analyses the language of the author, the narrative structure and stylistic devices. Questioning the dichotomies which are at work in translation theory, the last part develops the notion of hybridity and displacement to build the translation of Rabito’s text – a subjective project aiming at achieving a balance between the specificities of the original text and the demand for readability required by any prospect of publication. This thesis ends with the translation of twenty pages extracted from the typescript under scrutiny, as a prelude to its coming publication
Tauzin, Isabelle. "Le roman féminin péruvien pendant la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle." Poitiers, 1990. https://hal.science/tel-01325604v1.
Full textA study about the novels published by the women of Peru after the pacific war. The first part of the study shows the literary life of the 1850-1880 period when the women take their first steps in intellectual life : they write a lot of short stories, poems, tales. In the second part, women discover realism and naturalism, then they write novels. These novelists were : Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera (1845-1909); Clorinda Matto de turner (1852-1909); Lastenia Larriva de Liona (1848-1924); Teresa Gonzalez de Fanning (1836-1918), Maria Nievres y Bustarrante (1865-1947) ; margarita Praxedes Munoz (?). In this study all the novels are carefully considered on many levels : manner of writing , arrangement o elements and ideology. The novels give us a view of the Peruvian people and a picture of the women's ideology of the ruling class at the end of the nineteenth century
Yocco, Caitlin A. "La Seconde Guerre mondiale et l'Holocauste dans la littérature en français pour enfants." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1275578962.
Full textLong, Daniel. "La figure du rêveur dans la seconde moitié du Dix-neuvième siècle." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040043.
Full textWith the publication of Chateaubriand's "René" (1802), the dreamer figure significantly changed the course of the French novel in the nineteenth century. The rise of this character, brought about by "The Sufferings of Young Werther" and "The Reveries of a Solitary Walker", reached its height between 1830 and 1848. After 1848, however, the dreamer as the protagonist declined due mainly to the emergence of a realist ideology in the arts. He had to adapt to this new reality in order to find his place in a novel world and in a society that were often unfavourable. Nonetheless, he played an important part in the perpetuation of an idealistic vision in literature in the second half of the nineteenth century, and there are very significant examples of this character in the novels of Fromentin, Zola, Gautier, Hugo, Flaubert, Huysmans, Villiers de l'Isle-Adam and Maupassant. The dreamer figure, who is very much an expression his century, is fundamental to any study of the idealist spirit as it took shape from the age of Enlightenment onward
Martel, Audrey. "Le criminel asocial dans la littérature américaine de la seconde moitié du vingtième siècle." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00952972.
Full textFrédette, Julie. "Étude de l'édition littéraire anglo-québécoise de la Seconde Guerre mondiale à nos jours." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2578.
Full textRoig-Sanz, Diana. "La réception de la littérature espagnole à presse de Barcelone pendant la Seconde République." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10065.
Full textIncarnato, Palma. "Medicina e letteratura nella narrativa del secondo novecento." Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOL001.
Full textThis research has originated from the intention of finding the influence of the “medical paradigm” in the Italian literature of the second half of the twentieth century. Also, we want to retrace the history of Medicine, and see how it influenced both literary texts and several areas in which it dictate as interpretative and cognitive model. Our work consisted of a revisitation of the main medical revolutions with the aim of determining the epistemic ruptures which supplied a model applicable to different domains (ethics, politics, epistemology, literature). Indeed, as stated by Kuhn, the scientific theories that must be considered as “ideas”, as well as the change of all paradigms, engraves not only on the disciplinary area where it occurs, because it involves a transformation of the conceptual system, that is to say, the way by which the world and the humans are perceived. The main epistemic changes which took place – from the birth of pathological anatomy up to the genetics – has identified some strong elements through which several texts were decomposed and analyzed. The theoretical frame allowed to acquire information which allowed to read the “literary cases” faced in the second part of the thesis, constituted by certain works of Primo Levi, Stefano D’Arrigo and Valerio Magrelli, in which we found aspects of the same “paradigm” of knowledge
Déchanet-Platz, Fanny. "L'écrivain, le sommeil et les rêves : des Romantiques à l'après Seconde Guerre Mondiale." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040193.
Full textDreams attain a privileged rank in French literature at the dawn of the Romantic era, but sleep is not kept out of this choice : so-called “artificial” sleeps (sleeps which result from drug taking or from hypnosis) abound, and then, at the outset of the 20th century, the sleep which is common to all sleepers. If literature reveals the importance of sleep and of dreams, it is because the writer, by means of a direct testimony or through the agency of a character, focuses on the variety of their physical, psychic and intellectual resources, and on the gift of their poetry. The second world war upsets these representations, since it destroys dreams for a good many sleepers and replaces sleep with insomnia. The night of sleep appears like a journey which is marked by three successive stages (getting ready to fall asleep, sleep and dreams, and waking impressions) in the course of which a sleeper (here the writer or his character) gradually discovers that his initiation to sleep has finally led him to the elaboration of a work. The confrontation of the literary representations of sleep and dreams and of the discoveries in neuropsychology and psychoanalysis brings to light the extraordinary soundness of the literary intuition
Filleau, Nicole. "Pastiche et parodie : le style à travers la littérature au second degré." Paris 4, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA040133.
Full textEscande, Isabelle. "Migrations politiques et création littéraire dans la seconde moitié du XXe siècle : Allemagne, Espagne, Argentine." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040261.
Full textSince Ancient Times, thinkers and writers have in large numbers been struck by political exile. In return, this situation has influenced their work and literature as a whole. In the second half of the 20th Century, this literary tradition has been deeply transformed by the surge of totalitarian regimes, and the struggle with democracies which these regimes have provoked. This new political context has induced a large increase of writers in exile, but also important structural transformations, forcing the exiles to modify their own images, the themes of their work and their communication strategies, and also the nature of their writings. The comparative study of the works of Jorge Semprún, Christa Wolf, Julio Cortázar and Alicia Dujovne Ortiz allows us to discover common aesthetic changes between these politically committed writers, who have flown respectively from Spain, Germany, and Argentina, and to note the birth of a new form of writing
Marivin, Isabelle. "L' Autriche des écrivains : l'image de l'Autriche dans la littérature autrichienne de la Seconde République." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030166.
Full textDuring the First Austrian and in the years 1934 to the Anschluss, the Austrian literature presents signs of the relationship between Austrian and Germany. Politics and cultural politics after the Second Word War oder the radical emancipation of the German paradigm. At the same time, they recognize authors like K. H. Waggerl, who has been already established in the Ständestaat. The mytical representation of Austria in his roman Brot is the model for the image of Austria which will be deconstructed by Ingeborg Bachmann, Gerhard Fritsch, Peter Handke and above all by Thomas Bernhard who builds a negative stereotype of Austria. Robert Menasse will try to oppose a new one : the stereotype of a normal Austria. .
Bennair, Hakima. "Réception de l’œuvre de Kateb Yacine dans les champs littéraire, intellectuel et éditorial parisiens de 1947 à 1958." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040018.
Full textEditing the work of a “native” poet , when Algeria was a French colony, requires a change in the perception habits of the French society, but furthermore, writing in French a piece which is intended to be emancipated and liberating demands a particular effort and definitely a particular political choice. In the aftermath of World War II, Kateb Yacine’s work which enunciates itself in and by history, is in line with a French literary and intellectual field in reconstruction. Publishing companies choose editorial strategies influenced by intellectuals desirous to change the society and creators of new life philosophies: Personalism, Existentialism. Some writers crystallize this founding power: Mounier, Sartre, Jeanson, Senghor, Césaire, Fanon. The role and the evolution of the magazine Esprit, an intellectual media and receptacle, are exemplary and take great part in the evolution of French society and politics. The union between Esprit and Seuil editions helps spreading these ideas. The fight against colonialism, which finds its sources in philosophical ideas, and, ultimately, in the experience of the Resistance, directs the intellectual field and compels clear-cut intellectual positions. This history conditions the reception of his work today. The reading of the work, particularly Nedjma, cannot be separated from political and cultural issues: illustration of the French-speaking world, acknowledgement of a part of the French young people coming from the North African immigration. It appears in the programming of French lessons
Boisdron, Dominique. "Discours et réception littéraire dans les pratiques éducatives et langagières des élèves de seconde en Guyane." Thesis, Guyane, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016YANE0005/document.
Full textMotivated by the challenge of the human being’s construction based on the individual reading experience we focused our analysis onregional literature material recommended by the Guyanese State Department of Education. In connection with the general objective of the course of Literature which seeks the education of the citizen we questioned the opportunity to offer high school students, at least in this context, a larger exposure to regional literature that corresponds to their familiar environment and living experience. In French Guiana, the archetype of the modern, stable and homogeneous individual as an academic requirement legitimating the transmission of national culture generates most of the time offset situations that the learner subject has to manage. Nowadays, in a society reconfigured by massive migrations of the late twentieth century, the combination of traditional referents from a primary culture superimposed to the global media speech increases the consequences of those differences. In our opinion, students from French Guiana involved in regional literature that deals with a realistic approach of the society and with a reflection about civism are certainly more able to mobilize the relevant resources that they will reinvest in their personal learning process. The theoretical framework of our purpose is related, in terms of civic training, to the issue of transmission of literature as well as to the historical and educational context associated with it that also include the concept of Guyanese literature and the relation with the theories of literary reception and the scientific questions they imply. On the basis of a free reading offered to students and focused on a Guyanese writer’s corpus we intended, in terms of discourse analysis, to assess the relevance of this proposal. Our methodology is based on a qualitative analysis of collected data. This epistemological approach is essentially explorary, descriptive or progressive depending on the situations encountered
Delamaire, Mariette. "George Sand et la littérature française dans les premières années du Second Empire." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040042.
Full textThe subject matter of this study is George Sand and literature in the transitional period of the first years of the Second Empire. While censorship operates in many ways, the historical context determines a status for writers and sets particular conditions for publishing. Moreover, for George Sand theatre is a privileged mean of reaching the working class public and for furthering her theatrical research together with “prédication douce” in spite of the incomprehension of the critics. Lastly, the prefaces, reviews and literary advice in George Sand’s correspondence allow her to clarify the place literature has in her life and in her thinking, as well as to develop her own conception of literary creation and her opinion on literature (poetry, theatre, novels). The aesthetic ideas she expresses lead to enhance the social and philosophical foundations of her consistently reaffirmed idealism
Jey, Martine. "La littérature dans l'enseignement secondaire (second cycle) en France de 1880 à 1925." Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030180.
Full textThe teaching of french which evolved into an actual discipline by the turn of the last century was a teaching of literature. From the study of official school regulations, hand-books and baccalaureat exam topics, it appears that this new type of teaching, despite the obvious will to enlarge the scope of studies, mainly dealt with a corpus of authors and texts that had been priorily selected. The analysis of the exercises, which were spread as school exercises, in so far as they took up older exercises meant for a body of specialists, shows the issues met by the invention of the new discipline. The debates on pedagogy, which went with the elaboration of official regulations and with the different reforms, point to the aims and values at stake in the teaching of french, whose recognition was painstakingly legitimed and whose reference patterns evinced contradictory features. Concerning innovation or conservative factors in process, the debates within the high board of public instruction are more particularly telling and reveal the part played by the different actors of the institution
Mazier, Hervé. "La mort dans la littérature et la peinture espagnoles de la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle." Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030014.
Full textIn this work we have chosen to take an interest in various approaches to the concept of death through two artistic forms of expression : painting (most exclusively Goya's) and literature in the second half or the XVIIIth century and the first years of the XIXth century. In the course of our work, we analyse the weight of social conventions and the changes in the various ways creators treat this concept at a particular time in history. We take an interest in the relationships, sometimes conventional, established by authors between this concept ant the genres – novels, poetry, elegies or treatises – they used to express themselves out of necessity, curiosity or anxiety. In the first chapter we look through the view some authors such as Macanaz, Jovellanos, Cadalso, Arroyal and Forner, among others, give of Spain, a nation that they perceive as a body at the point of death. We also demonstrate that the way the “nation body” is perceived subtly resembles the perception the individual gets of his own body. Then we deal with the relationships between time and death in order to demosntrate that the Enlightened man uses the weapons of time to fight death as he scrutinizes dissolute lifestyles, wars, lethal and suicidal deeds. With this in mind we look through the prosopopeia of Montengón, Martínez, Colomer and Olavide, the poetry of Meléndez Valdés, Cienfuegos and Noroñoa, as well as Quintana, and see demonstrated that nature is deadly, therefore unfathomable. Eventually we examine the role allocated to faith, a pledge of eternity and a guard against superstitions. In the last pages we state again man's determining position, both architect of his own eternity, thanks to fama póstuma, the cult of friendship, and self-slaughterer when he inflicts death by firearms
Maricourt, Denis. "Les figures de l'éclectisme dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040100.
Full textTchinda, Patrick. "Le mythe de Faust dans la littérature de langue allemande de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle." Paris 12, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA120077.
Full textThe state of the myth of Faust in the second half of the twentieth century is the main focus of the thesis. By applying the mythocritic, developed by Gilbert Durand, to about thirty German language literary works, it shows how this myth gains ground in a period of great upheavals having the West wavering between modernity and postmodernity. The works that are studied are characterized by the intertextual presence of three models (“the primitive myth”, Faust of Goethe, the general mythical story) by which they are inspired and which they transform. The study of these transformations gives rise to the three great parts of the thesis. As important results, we first notice that the will to update the myth of Faust is prevailing. There are also some tendencies to deconstruction, to which parodies contribute. Nevertheless, the myth remains overall perceived as the symbolic drama of the human being’s condition confronted with the limits of the freedom. It represents contrasting contemporary visions, sometimes optimistic, sometimes pessimistic. However, its structures change; only Faust’s aspirations are preserved
Normand, Maxime. "Sagesse classique : Sapiential biblique et littérature morale dans la seconde moitié du dix-septième siècle en France." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040037.
Full textIn this doctoral thesis, our goal is to assess, describe and interpret the intertextuality of the Wisdom Books (Job, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus) in the major works of the four great classical moralists : Pascal, La Rochefoucauld, La Fontaine and La Bruyère. An examination of the literary and historical context reveals how biblical wisdom literature permeates the classical period. In our first part, we analyse the sapiential intertextuality by focusing on the use of commonplaces or topoi. This topical use of the Wisdom Books is particularly significant in the Fables of La Fontaine and the Caractères of La Bruyère. In our second part, we examine the philosophical and theological impact of the Wisdom Books. Ecclesiastes, in its criticism of illusions and in its "epicurean" moments, appears as a fundamental reference for the four moralists. For them, the Wisdom Books seem more particularly devoted to the expression of human misery. However, religious and inspired wisdom infuses many pages of Pascal's work. In our third part, we show that the Wisdom Books constitute a rhetorical model for the moralists, especially concerning brevity and discontinuity. This model, weakly constraining for La Rochefoucauld, stronger, but not preponderant in La Fontaine and La Bruyère, proves to be essential for Pascal, and especially the Pascal of the Pensées
Sigalas, Clément. "La guerre manquée : Représentations de la Seconde Guerre mondiale dans le roman français (1945-1960)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040204.
Full textThis thesis deals with the representations of the Second World War found in the French novels published between 1945 and 1960. It aims to shed light on a body of works that depict a “failed war”, unlike the epic vision which prevails in the post-war period. It analyses from an aesthetic, ethical and political perspective twenty novels or so which portray war as an unreal, elusive experience shared by French people.The first part of this work scrutinizes the way writers depict the failure of war. These novels portray the conflict as both spectral and brutal – seen from a distance, almost always mediated, concealed under the appearance of peace, yet unescapably destructive.These novels also throw light on the failure of community. A far cry from the seminal, unifying narrative of the epic, they start attacking the myth of France as unified in the war effort very soon after the end of the conflict.The second part of this thesis looks at the ways they construct the image of a torn or passive nation, as if they were France’s guilty conscience.This study will finally examine the way the novel “thinks”, how it was specifically used to convey a specific reflection on community. Against the discourses of literary Resistance, then Existentialism, it questioned the primacy of rational thinking in men; against the prominence of documents, it embraced fiction as a means to explore dark territories; against the calls for exemplariness, it constituted itself as an autonomous space to investigate the war, as well as to challenge the failures and shortcomings of the epic discourse
Daney, de Marcillac Marie. "Le nom Ulysse dans les textes philosophiques occidentaux depuis la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA083391.
Full textThis dissertation is a cartography of the name Ulysses in various philosophical texts of Western post-1945 tradition, built around a common reference to Ulysses. It offers an alternative reading of philosophical texts, which is not set on a philosophical hermeneutics, but focuses rather upon a hermeneutics that tries to determine the textual variants of Ulysses and their interpretations. This hermeneutics highlights the existence of a unique moment in the memory of Ulysses as corpus, which is demonstrated as a new version of the myth of Ulysses. The present interest in the figure of Ulysses proceeds from its capacity to trouble the border between various disciplines, especially that which divides philosophical and literary traditions. A study of the areas of textual interbreeding between philosophical texts and literary intertexts of Ulysses, the Odyssey and the literary tradition of its rewritings, the revelation of the character of Ulysses' intelligence in the philosophical texts as well as its figural dimension, demonstrate that Ulysses is in fact the alibi of philosophy. As non-disciplinary figure, his role serves to establish an opening towards that which lies beyond the philosophical texts in which he appears
Kocevar, Savannah. "Tracer sa voie/x : une ethnocritique du cycle indochinois de Marguerite Duras." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0134.
Full textThis ethnocritic research aims at exploring the cultural poetry existing within Marguerite Duras’ Indochinese cycle. Our text corpus is composed of Un Barrage contre le Pacifique (1950), L’Eden Cinéma (1977), L’Amant (1984) and L’Amant de la Chine du Nord (1991), and follows the « autobiographical » narrative path of Duras’colonial childhood through the reminicence of constantly reworked themes and patterns. The purpose of our work is to question the expression of a pluralistic culture. Cultural practices, language polyphonies, cultural dialogics, intertextualities and interpenetrations between diverse cultures are fundamental issues to understand Duras’ writings. Furthermore, my thesis is based on a cultural hermeneutic approach, so as to grasp the symbolic systems of the texts and by that means shine a light on the ritual structure of the narration. According to our perspective, Duras’ characters and their trajectories are intimately connected to the notion of initiation. What’s more, this essay argues that initatory issuues impacts the narrator (as a fictional projection of the author) as well as her real and historical creative journey. Analyzincontinua and belligerences between literacy and orality (and thus corporeality) eventualy leads to a better understanding of the creative process
Carre, Philippe. "La démythification du terroir dans le roman autrichien de la seconde moitié du XXème siècle." Rennes 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN20023.
Full textThe traditional picture of the Austrian land was that of a cosy place to live in. Nevertheless, this idyllic vision was given up after 1945 by contemporary authors whose aim is to criticize Heimat. They all want to destroy the myth of a beautiful nature, of a friendly rural society, of a salutary religion. All these writers demystify landscapes in decay. Like nature men and women suffer from physical and psychological diseases, they are just waiting for death. Even Catholicism which means here violence, hypocrisy and intolerance won't help them to survive because it's about to disappear too. The way the authors demystify Heimat allows them to criticize an Austrian society which alienates people. They write a biting social critique without creating anything else for the country. That's the reason why we can say they don't want to see a new Heimat arise. Through this total destruction Austria and Austrian people are lost for ever: how meaningful the words finis austriae are !
Sermadiras, Émilie. "Religion et maladie dans le récit de fiction de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL051.
Full textThis dissertation analyzes fictions that, in the second half of the 19th century, illustrate the idea that "sickness is the natural state of a Christian". The elective affinities between religion and pathology interest both realist or naturalistic novelists (such as Émile Zola, the Goncourts, Alphonse Daudet, etc.), whose polemical view aims at demystifying or even medicalizing beliefs, as well as catholic writers (Barbey d’Aurevilly, Léon Bloy, J.-K. Huysmans, Émile Baumann), who emphasize the spiritual meaning of physical afflictions. The parallel between fictions that are all based on the spectacle of a sick believer, but engage contrasting writing styles and currents of thought, shows how much literature crystallises the debate that is going on at the time about Christianism. It also uncovers a point of commonality between writers that critics are used to consider under the restrictive perspective of their opposition. This study aims to highlight the mutual influences that link together several writers who, beyond their differences, base their representation of religious feelings on the same pathological imaginary and the same poetics of incarnation. We argue that the renewal of religious feelings, whether it's in an apologetical or critical perspective, relies on the description of a body which suffers pain, sickness or mysterious psychophysiological disorders. Ultimately, the body conveys considerations about faith, Christian ideology and beliefs and ecclesiastic institutions
Baudon, Laurence. "Des enfances meurtries : le personnage d'enfant en Angleterre et en France dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20066.
Full text"Bruised children" call to mind the glance about a new character into novels in the nineteenth century : the character of suffering children in France and in England. This study approachs literary movments (realism, naturalism, popular literature) and sets the child's statuts up according to a double viewpoint : the child in society, the child as a person. Child working, stray child along the roads and into the towns are representations of a new glance of novelists about a social class which was not, until now, approached in fiction : the ordinary people. Social structures and family life allows novelists to write about the personal statut of the child, wether he maintains himself against exploitation, wether he becomes a victim of social or family opression. The study is ending with personality of children who are daring to refuse social or family exploitation, children we'll find again in the fiction of the twentieth century
Horváth, Miléna. "Entre voix, écrits et images : modalités de l'entre-deux littéraire dans la seconde partie de l'oeuvre d'Assia Djebar." Bordeaux 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR30033.
Full textThe notion of in-between and its application in the second part of Assia Djebars works make up the subject of our thesis. Intertextuality is considered as a starting point, but it is enlarged on voice and image. The narrator's enunciation position does not change however : her intermediary position remains stable during the writing procedure. By transcription we mean intertextual writing in intercultural situation : it is textual rewriting and the appraisal of the subaltern's viewpoint. By indirect description the narrator elaborates her own way to create and capture images. She also assures the inscription of the female voice in the text, the link between the oral and the written. The voice of chilhood emerges in order to guide personal writing. In Djebar's works shows the essence of maghrebian culture in french and frees the expression of Algerian women
Marty, Michel. "Voyager en Pologne durant la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle : le domaine français de la littérature des voyages." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040238.
Full textIlef-Delahaye, Christa. "Le romanesque du voyage et la littérature de jeunesse en France dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle." Paris 13, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA131007.
Full textBased upon narratives of imaginary travels written for the youth in the second half of the nineteenth century, the thesis describes dhildlike ways of travelling and contributes to the study of representations. The typology of the places visited shows that the continental localization of the trips signifies, beyong their description, criticism of the culture of the traveller's country of origin. The scientistic preoccupations of the considered period turn tourists as well as journeymen and rebels into scietists and explorers. Moreover children's travels can be divided into two distinct groups : the line and the loop. Science plays an essential part in the differentiation of the narrative's typology, and transforms the way of the cross of the suffering child into a grand tour of science. Novels of the considered period show the emancipation of the child-hero and propose several patterns of political organization which move from the individual's moral formation to that of the citizen. In that sense, describing the world leads behong exoticism and constitutes a political act, contributing powerfully to the learning of democracy
Landry, Alexandre. "Les erreurs des Lumières : rhétorique de la réfutation et invention littéraire, dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2005. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1708/1/000123664.pdf.
Full textKurt, Williams Cigdem. "Réécrire Molière en Turquie à l'âge des réformes : seconde moitié du XIXe siècle." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAC008.
Full textIn the second half of the nineteenth century, Molière's comedies were seen as a fertile source of material for Ottoman playwrights eager to bring new ideas to the popular dramatic arts and to create a new form of national theater. This dissertation concentrates on two primary ways that French theater was transmitted to the theater-going public in the nineteenth century : First, plays that traveled in their original language ; and secondly, translations and adaptations of the French plays most popular at the time. This dissertation aims to analyze Molière's theater in all the complex ways it was transmitted throughout the Ottoman Empire during the Age of Reforms. This dissertation proposes a new perspective on the history of modern Turkish theater, underlining the transformation that the popular dramatic arts went into in the midst of the growing popularity of Molière's theater in the capital and the effect of French theater stars coming to what was a lively and cosmopolitan Istanbul
Noilhan, Cécile. "La Seconde Guerre mondiale dans les revues de langue d'Oc (1939-1945)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU20108.
Full textThe movement in favor of the rebirth of Occitan, begun in the nineteenth century with the creation of the Félibrige (1854) by Frédéric Mistral—recognized world-wide and recipient of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1907—continued into the twentieth century. However, after Mistral’s death in 1914, defenders of Occitan language and literature, smothered by the centralizing power of the French Third Republic, struggled to be heard. There was a split into two branches: Mistralists and a “occitan” movement. However, in the 1930’s, both groups tried to work together, notably with Nouveau Languedoc, a group of younger individuals based in Montpellier. The Second World War confirmed the divisions among defenders of Occitan. Divided by linguistic questions, notably that of orthography, the movement was, in 1942, further divided by political positions. Whereas in 1940, almost all authors writing in Occitan supported or corroborated the politics of Vichy, in 1942, there was a sense of disillusion in the Occitan-language region; certain individuals did not hesitate to distance themselves from the government. Observing the paralysis of the rebirth movement, a team formed out of the Société d’Études Occitanes—Ismaël Girard, Camille Soula, René Nelli, Max Rouquette, Charles Camproux, et. alii—founded the Institut d’Études Occitanes after Liberation.Periodicals published during this period seem to be the preferred means to support the diffusion of Occitan. Generally printed in small format, thus reducing the need for paper and ink restricted by censors, journals in Occitan adopted no particular editorial line. Some were more literary; others preferred to publish articles on contemporary history and politics, while some provided readers with information relating current events to Occitan culture. These texts—literary, political, historic, and cultural—allow us to understand the organization of the rebirth movement, intimately tied to the Occitan literary world. This link between the worlds of politics and literature seems counter to the organization of the French-speaking world, in which the two fields are somewhat independent. This thesis seeks to show how the Second World War, a national and international event, influenced writing in a regional language, Occitan. Analyses show the principal themes that appear in literary works: political discourse, evocations of horror, the topic of religion, intergenerational engagement, and, at the end, tales of victory
Freche, Bibiane. "Entre rupture et continuité: le champ littéraire belge après la seconde guerre mondiale (3 septembre 1944-8 octobre 1960)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210874.
Full textDoctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation langue et littérature
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Borrut, Michel. "L'Espagne et le roman français de la seconde moitié du vingtième siècle." Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA030002.
Full textThe civil war of 1936-1939 and world war ii modified the representation of spain in the novel. At firts, our study depicts a spain that is distant, inaccessible and lost through a look at historical novels and works from the franco period which have distinct literary and ideological imperatives. Then, our analysis turns to focus particularly on the r ole of spanish language, painting, literature and bullfights. In so doing, it highlights some reverent authors and some impertinent ones. Only a few authors, however, were truly innovative. On the whole, we gain insight into the mysteries of the novel thanks to the vertigo of the narrator's identity that creates a familiar rather than strange relationship w ith spain, thanks to an amorous voyage that rejuvenates the stereotyptes of spain, and thanks finally to the work of ci. Simon which, in its portrayal of the civil war and spanish places, calls into question the experience of history and story-telling. The classic themes that are continually present in the representation of spain undergo a metamorphosis that gives rise to deep-seated fears, the anguish of solitude, and the confrontation - within the realm of memory and consciousness - between death and forgetting. The novel about spain renders an account of spain's brush with chaos as well as its search for order
Lucas, Rémy. "Eloge du gris ? : Le mûlatre et ses représentations dans la littérature africaine lusographe à partir de la seconde moitié du XXème siècle." Rennes 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN20008.
Full textThe Portuguese’s miscegenation with the colonized people is the starting point of this work. From the postulate of the Portuguese’s particularity to the interbreeding (lusotropicalism) we wanted to question the different representations of the mulatto in the Portuguese Africa. The evolution of the notion of race, some historic indicators for each ex-colony in Africa permit understand the interbreeding in his geographical and linguistic particularity. The literature of lusophone Africa in the 50's develop the mulatto character. The novel and short stories of our corpus examine this changing and unsatisfied character, split into his black and white roots. A typology of the literary mulatto has been done and permit draw up an inventory of his representations. In order to refine the perception of the mulatto character, we analyse into details three novels : Llheu de Contenta de Teixera de Sousa, A Chaga de Castro Soromenho and Portagem from Orlando Mendes, as well as the narrative strategy (hal-breeding discourse). The literary mulatto turns out to be a character more in search of his whither father than a being divided in his double roots. The unrecognition of the father transforms him into a character cut off from the others and from himself
Vuong, Thomas. "Usages du sonnet européen (Allemagne, France, Grande-Bretagne, Italie) durant la Seconde Guerre-Mondiale (1939-1945)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD089.
Full textThis study consists in a wide, comprehensive overview of the usages of the poetic form of the sonnet during the Second World War in France, Germany, Great Britain and Italy. Such a process aims at gathering close readings of sonnets, in order to highlight the mechanisms of a blooming form in the midst of a dürftiger Zeit. Many poets resort indeed to the sonnet in order to give a frame to a singular or collective experience of the chaos unleashed throughout Europe.The way these recourses to the sonnet interact with the role of poetry in a time of wide reception and collective crisis will be scrutinized in the light of political commitment, religious or ideological biases and the questioning of the former foundations of Western European culture, all of which can interfere in poetry’s proper motives.This work’s proposal is that the sonnet can be used as an ordered form, either to set a demiurgic stand in front of the chaotic situation of the continent, or so as to accept it. Neither poetic stances do necessarily lead to a disordering of the form itself ; however, both conservative and rejuvenating usages of the sonnet have in common the ability to deeply question poetry’s relation to the world
Schöch, Christof. "L’écriture descriptive dans le roman français de la seconde moitié du dix-huitième siècle." Paris 4, 2008. http://ezproxy.normandie-univ.fr/login?url=http://www.classiques-garnier.com/numerique-bases/garnier?filename=CshMS01.
Full textThe present study’s object is the descriptive writing in the French novel of the second half of the eighteenth century, more precisely between 1760 and 1800. Its aim is to give visibility to an episode of the history of description in the novel which is important although it is rarely studied. The way descriptive writing works is analyzed by taking into consideration three major issues: the very notion of description, the status of description in the novel and the modalities of its integration into the narrative context, as well as the relations which description entertains with painting. The study is based on the analysis of a corpus of thirty-two novels
Patierno, Alvio. "Le théâtre français à Naples dans la seconde moitié du XIX siècle." Saint-Etienne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STET2126.
Full textPresenting french prose theater in Naples between 1860 an 1900 involves not only illstrating the specific traits of the italian mania for all things french, the prestige of french literature in the world and the dramatic arts in that historic period, but also to place these phenomena in the historical, political, sociological and cultural context of a country which had experienced the fall of the Bourbon Kingdom of Laples before proceeding with its own unification and the slow process of modernization. Naples transformed itself from being the capital of a kingdom to being a regional capital, but il neverless could boast of the largest number of theaters on the peninsula, while its dialect theater was independent and parallel with respect to the international circuit. Research for information regarding french works performed in the 40-year period was conducted in sources such as archives, newspapers, magazines and posters, which were compared to information found in a vast bibliography, allowing for the verification of dates through a dua historical-textual approach. The objective of this research, which provides an overall view, is to uncover and explore the true dimensions of the french colonization of theater in Naples and to provide an analytical repertoire of authors and works that were popular with audiences and critics for different reasons. Among the widespread prejudice and little-known details, it has been possible to evaluate the effective influence and the importance of thse theatrical works, vaudeville shows and dramatic pieces overall, on the dramatic evolution of italian theater in general and on napolitan theater in particular